APPENDIX a Shade/Shadow Study

APPENDIX A Shade/Shadow Study

SHADE/SHADOW STUDY for San Gabriel Plaza

San Gabriel, California

Consultant:

Michael Baker International 5 Hutton Centre Drive, Suite 500 Santa Ana, California 92707 Contact: Ms. Kristen Bogue Technical Studies Project Manager 949.855.5747

October 18, 2017

JN 160392

San Gabriel Plaza

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1

1.0 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ...... 5 1.1 Project Location ...... 5 1.2 Project Description ...... 5

2.0 METHODOLOGY ...... 11

3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS ...... 13 3.1 Climate ...... 13 3.2 Existing Shadow‐Sensitive Uses ...... 14 3.3 Existing Shade/Shadow Conditions ...... 14

4.0 SHADE/SHADOW ANALYSIS ...... 15 4.1 Thresholds of Significance ...... 15 4.2 Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 15

5.0 REFERENCES ...... 25 5.1 Preparers ...... 25 5.2 Documents ...... 25 5.3 Web Sites ...... 25

Shade/Shadow Study i October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

LIST OF EXHIBITS

Exhibit 1 – Regional Vicinity ...... 6

Exhibit 2 – Site Vicinity ...... 7

Exhibit 3a – Project Site Plan ...... 8

Exhibit 3b – Phase 3 Conceptual Design ...... 10

Exhibit 4a – Proposed Project Shade/Shadow Patterns Winter Solstice and Vernal Equinox ...... 17

Exhibit 4b – Phase 3 Shade/Shadow Patterns, Winter Solstice and Vernal Equinox ...... 18

Exhibit 5a – Proposed Project Shade/Shadow Patterns Summer Solstice and Autumnal Equinox ...... 21

Exhibit 5b – Phase 3 Shade/Shadow Patterns, Summer Solstice and Autumnal Equinox ...... 22

Shade/Shadow Study ii October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The purpose of this Shade/Shadow Study (Study) is to describe the existing sunlight exposure and shade/shadow conditions at the proposed San Gabriel Plaza Project (“project”) site and in the immediate vicinity, as well as analyzing the introduction of new sources of shade/shadow associated with the proposed project.

The proposed project is located in the City of San Gabriel on the southeast corner of San Gabriel Boulevard and Live Oak Street, approximately 3.4 miles south of Interstate 210 (I‐210), and 1.9 miles north of Interstate 10 (I‐10).

Proposed Project

The project site is currently occupied by several commercial and residential buildings. The project proposes to demolish the existing buildings and construct a multi‐story mixed‐use development that includes 163 residential dwelling units, 16,435 square feet of restaurant, and 12,230 square feet of commercial retail uses on the 3.46‐acre project site. The first and second floors house restaurant use, commercial retail, and residential housing units. The third through fifth floors would contain residential uses. Parking for the commercial suites would be located on the subterranean and first floors, and subterranean parking is provided for the residential units. The parking areas for the commercial suites and residential units would be separated by a security fence.

The project would have a full access point on Live Oak Street and another full access point on San Gabriel Boulevard via Wedgewood Avenue. The ground level and subterranean parking lot for the retail uses would have two driveways: one full access driveway on Live Oak Street located approximately 250 feet east of San Gabriel Boulevard; and another full access driveway on Wedgewood Avenue via the north leg of the intersection of Winchester Place and Wedgewood Avenue. The full access driveway to the subterranean parking for the residential units would be located on Wedgewood Avenue and accessed via the east leg of the intersection of Winchester Place and Wedgewood Avenue.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

A variation of the proposed project would include the acquisition and development of the residential property located at 818 East Live Oak Street (Assessor’s Parcel Number [APN] 5373‐ 001‐008). This Shade/Shadow Study includes an analysis of shade/shadow impacts associated with Phase 3, as well as the proposed project.

The proposed project would result in new shadows cast onto surrounding residential and commercial uses, as well as onto adjacent roadways and sidewalks. As discussed in Section 4.1, Thresholds of Significance, a significant impact would result if shadow‐sensitive use areas (where sunlight is important to its function) would be shaded by project‐related structures for more than three hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Pacific Standard Time (between

Shade/Shadow Study 1 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

late October and early April), or for more than four hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time (between early April and late October), compared to the existing conditions. The following is a summary of the findings made as a result of this analysis.

Early April to Late October

Summer Months

Proposed Project

The proposed project would not cast shadows for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. at any shadow sensitive uses in the project vicinity. Thus, during the summer months, surrounding uses would not experience significant shadow impacts as a result of the proposed project.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Shade/Shadow patterns as a result of Phase 3 would be similar to the proposed project, although to a slightly greater degree. However, no shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. during the Summer Solstice under Phase 3.

Fall Months

Proposed Project

The proposed project would not cast shadows for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. at any shadow sensitive uses in the project vicinity. Thus, during the fall months, surrounding uses would not experience significant shadow impacts as a result of the proposed project.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Shade/shadow patterns as a result of Phase 3 would be similar to the proposed project, although to a slightly greater degree. However, no shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. during the fall months with implementation of Phase 3.

Shade/Shadow Study 2 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

Late October to Early April

Winter Months

Proposed Project

The proposed project would shade the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north of the project site for more than three hours between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. with project implementation. However, this area is currently shaded throughout the day under existing conditions. Therefore, the project would not create a substantial increase in shade/shadow patterns in comparison to existing conditions. Impacts in this regard would be less than significant.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Overall shade/shadow patterns as a result of Phase 3 would be similar to the proposed project, although to a slightly greater degree. However, as the residence at 818 East Live Oak Street would be acquired and developed as part of the project, no shade/shadow impacts would occur at this shadow‐sensitive use. Therefore, a less than significant impact would occur during the winter months with implementation of Phase 3.

Spring Months

Proposed Project

The proposed project would shade a small portion of the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north of the project site for more than three hours between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. with project implementation. However, this area is currently shaded throughout the day under existing conditions. Therefore, the project would not create a substantial increase in shade/shadow patterns in comparison to existing conditions. Impacts in this regard would be less than significant.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Overall shade/shadow patterns as a result of Phase 3 would be similar to the proposed project, although to a slightly greater degree. However, as the residence at 818 East Live Oak Street would be acquired and developed as part of the project, no shade/shadow impacts would occur at this shadow‐sensitive use. In addition, no other shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than three hours. Therefore, a less than significant impact would occur during the winter months with implementation of Phase 3.

Shade/Shadow Study 3 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

property is currently shaded throughout the day under existing conditions due to dense vegetation in the backyard area. Therefore, the project would not create a substantial increase in shade/shadow patterns in comparison to existing conditions. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Shade/Shadow Study 4 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

1.0 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this Shade/Shadow Study (Study) is to describe the existing sunlight exposure and shade/shadow conditions at the proposed San Gabriel Plaza Project (project) site and in the immediate vicinity, as well as analyzing the introduction of new sources of shade/shadow associated with the proposed project. The information upon which this Study was based was compiled from Google Earth 2017 satellite imagery, and shade/shadow diagrams prepared by Kollin Altomare Architects (KAA) in September 2017.

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION

The proposed project is located at 220 South San Gabriel Boulevard, in the City of San Gabriel, California. The project site is located on the southeast corner of San Gabriel Boulevard and Live Oak Street. It is approximately 3.4 miles south of Interstate 210 (I‐210), and approximately 1.9 miles north of Interstate 10 (I‐10); refer to Exhibit 1, Regional Vicinity. Overall, the project site is located within a commercial and residential area of the City of San Gabriel (City). The project site is bounded by commercial uses to the north, south and west and residential use to the east; refer to Exhibit 2, Site Vicinity.

1.2 PRJOJECT DESCRIPTION

Proposed Project

The project site is currently occupied by several commercial and residential buildings. The project proposes to demolish the existing buildings and construct a multi‐story mixed‐use development that includes 163 residential dwelling units, 16,435 square feet of restaurant, and 12,230 square feet of commercial retail uses on the 3.46‐acre project site; refer to Exhibit 3a, Project Site Plan. The first and second floors house restaurant use, commercial retail, and residential housing units. The third through fifth floors would contain residential uses. Parking for the commercial suites would be located on the subterranean and first floors, and subterranean parking is provided for the residential units. The parking areas for the commercial suites and residential units would be separated by a security fence.

Shade/Shadow Study 5 October 2017 KERN COUNTY 14

Lebec

Gorman 138

Lancaster

Pyramid Lake

5 Palmdale

Castaic Lake

138 18 Lake Castaic Piru 138 14

Piru Newhall LOS ANGELES Fillmore 126 COUNTY Santa Clarita VENTURA Sylmar 2 23 COUNTY

118 118 Moorpark Simi Pacoima Valley 210 Chatsworth Project 23 Canoga Burbank Park Site Van 5 Glendale Nuys Monrovia Thousand Agoura Hills 134 Azuza Oaks Woodland 30 Hills Sherman Pasadena 210 Claremont Westlake 101 Calabasas Oaks 2 Arcadia Village 101 110 Upland 27 San Baldwin 210 San Gabriel Alhambra Park Covina Dimas 10 23 405 Hollywood Beverly 10 Pomona Hills Monterey West Covina Santa Park 60 Malibu 1 Monica 10 Walnut Culver Los 60 Chino City Pico 605 Angeles Rivera Whittier 710 La Habra Marina Del Rey Inglewood 57 South Heights 142 71 Playa Del Rey Gate Downey Brea 105 90 El Segundo Hawthorne La Yorba Mirada 90 Linda 110 Compton Bellflower Fullerton Manhattan Beach 91 1 Lakewood Redondo Beach Torrance Anaheim ORANGE P Carson 5 COUNTY A 405 Orange C Garden I F Palos Grove I 22 C Verdes Estates Tustin 261 241 Long Santa San Beach Pedro 1 Ana O 55 C Huntington E Beach 133 A Irvine N Costa 405 Lake Mesa Forest

Newport Beach

SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY 0 5 10 miles

APPROXIMATE Regional Vicinity

10/04/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 1 GLADYS AVENUE

LIVE OAK STREET

SANSAN GABRIELGABRIEL BOULEVARDBOULEVARD

WEDGEWOOD PLACE CHARLOTTE AVENUE

ANGELUS AVENUE

PINE STREET

WINCHESTER PLACE Project Site

Legend Project Site BROADWAY Phase 3 Parcel

SOURCE: Google Earth Pro Aerial, September 2017 SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY NOT TO SCALE Site Vicinity

10/16/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 2 SOURCE: KOLLIN.ALTOMARE.ARCHITECTS AUGUST 2017 SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY Project Site Plan

10/16/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 3a San Gabriel Plaza

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

A variation of the proposed project would include the acquisition and development of the residential property located at 818 East Live Oak Street (Assessor’s Parcel Number [APN] 5373‐ 001‐008); refer to Exhibit 3b, Phase 3 Conceptual Design. This Shade/Shadow Study includes an analysis of shade/shadow impacts associated with Phase 3, as well as the proposed project.

Shade/Shadow Study 9 October 2017 Legend Phase 3 Parcel

SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY NOT TO SCALE Phase 3 Conceptual Design

10/16/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 3b San Gabriel Plaza

2.0 METHODOLOGY

Shading refers to the effect of shadows cast upon adjacent areas by proposed structures. Consequences of shadows upon land uses may be positive, including cooling effects during warm weather, or negative, such as the loss of natural light necessary for solar energy purposes or the loss of warming influences during cool weather. Shadow effects are dependent upon several factors, including the local topography, the height and bulk of the project’s structural elements, sensitivity of adjacent land uses, season, and duration of shadow projection. Facilities and operations sensitive to the effects of shading include: routinely usable outdoor spaces associated with residential, recreational, or institutional (e.g., schools, convalescent homes) land uses; commercial uses such as pedestrian‐oriented outdoor spaces or restaurants with outdoor eating areas; nurseries; and existing solar collectors. These uses are considered sensitive because sunlight is important to function, physical comfort, or commerce.

In order to identify the proposed project’s potential shadow‐related impacts, existing and project‐generated morning, noon, afternoon, and evening shade patterns were compared for each of the four seasons. Specifically, four dates were used for analysis purposes:

 Winter and summer solstices (December 21 and June 21), when the sun is at its lowest and highest point, respectively, and

 Spring and fall equinoxes (March 21 and September 21), when day and night are of approximately equal length.

The longest shadows are cast during the winter months and the shortest shadows are cast during the summer months. The following discussion describes the summer/winter solstice and vernal/autumnal equinox phenomenon, local topography, and some general assumptions that affect shadow patterns in the project vicinity. Note that the analysis considers shadow effects associated with proposed building massing only; the shadow patterns associated with proposed landscaping are not addressed.

SUMMER AND WINTER SOLSTICE

“Solstice” is defined as either of the two points on the ecliptic that lie midway between the equinoxes (separated from them by an angular distance of 90°). At the solstices, the sun’s apparent position on the celestial sphere reaches its greatest distance above or below the celestial equator, about 23.5° of the arc. At the time of summer solstice, approximately June 21, the sun is directly overhead at noon at the Tropic of Cancer. In the Northern Hemisphere, the longest day and shortest night of the year occur on this date, marking the beginning of summer. At winter solstice, approximately December 21, the sun is overhead at noon at the Tropic of Capricorn; this marks the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere. Measuring shadow lengths for the winter and summer solstices represents the extreme shadow patterns that occur throughout the year. Shadows cast on the summer solstice are the shortest shadows during the

Shade/Shadow Study 11 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

year, becoming progressively longer until winter solstice when the shadows are the longest they are all year.

VERNAL AND AUTUMNAL EQUINOX

An equinox is the moment when the sun passes over the equator. The event occurs twice a year, approximately March 21 and September 21. The equinoxes are the two days each year when the middle of the sun is an equal amount of time above and below the horizon for every location on Earth. In the Northern Hemisphere, the March equinox is known as the vernal equinox and the September equinox is the autumnal equinox. In the Southern Hemisphere, the names are reversed. In practice, at the equinox, the day is longer than the night.

The equinoxes can be interpreted as virtual points in the sky. As Earth moves around the sun, the apparent position of the sun relative to the other stars moves in a full circle over the period of a year. This circle is called the ecliptic, and is also the plane of Earth’s orbit projected against the whole sky. Other bright planets like Venus, Mars, and Saturn also appear to move along the ecliptic, because their orbits are in a similar plane to Earth’s. Another virtual circle in the sky is the celestial equator, or the projection of the plane of Earth’s equator against the whole sky. Because Earth’s axis of rotation is tilted relative to the plane of Earth’s orbit around the sun, the celestial equator is inclined to the ecliptic by about 23.5°.

SHADE/SHADOW DIAGRAMS

The shade/shadow diagrams are composed of a series of three‐dimensional rendered site plans. The site plans consist of the project massing models, as well as the surrounding context and geography. Upon receiving the electronic site plan files (AutoCAD) and project description, KAA created a 3D model to the correct heights. KAA then merged an ortho‐rectified aerial photograph into AutoCAD at the correct coordinates and creates the base of the model. The existing surrounding buildings are modeled to height and included with the project model. The model is then set to include the model location, times, and dates, and renders the shadow conditions. The models illustrate the shadow effects of existing buildings and new buildings proposed as part of the project application. The orientation of the model was set to represent the orientation of the project site. Dates selected for each season were: summer/winter solstices and the vernal/autumnal equinoxes. For each of those days selected, the time periods were 9:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m., and 3:00 p.m. for winter solstice and vernal equinox only. The time periods 9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., and 5:00 p.m. were used to analyze the summer solstice and autumnal equinox.

Shade/Shadow Study 12 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS

The project site is currently occupied by several commercial buildings, two single‐family residences, surface parking lots, and vacant disturbed land. Minimal vegetation exists on‐site, with the exception of scattered trees positioned along driveways and parking lot areas.

The project site is generally located within a developed area of the City, surrounded by the following land uses:

 North. Commercial uses are located to the north of the project site. East Live Oak Street bounds the project site to the north.

 East. Residential uses are located to the east of the project site.

 South. Commercial and residential uses are located to the south of the project site.

 West. Commercial and residential uses are located to the west of the project site. South San Gabriel Boulevard bounds the project site to the west.

3.1 CLIMATE

The general region lies in the semipermanent high‐pressure zone of the eastern Pacific. As a result, the climate is mild, tempered by cool sea breezes. The climate consists of a semiarid environment with mild winters, warm summers, moderate temperatures and comfortable humidity. Precipitation is limited to a few winter storms. The usually mild climatological pattern is interrupted infrequently by periods of extremely hot weather, winter storms, or Santa Ana winds.

The average annual temperature varies little throughout the area (which encompasses the project site), averaging 75 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). However, with a less‐pronounced oceanic influence, the eastern inland portions of the project’s geographical area show greater variability in annual minimum and maximum temperatures. All portions of the area have had recorded temperatures over 100°F in recent years.

Although the project’s geographical area has a semi‐arid climate, the air near the surface is moist because of the presence of a shallow marine layer. Except for infrequent periods when dry, continental air is brought into the area by offshore winds, the ocean effect is dominant. Periods with heavy fog are frequent, and low stratus clouds, occasionally referred to as “high fog,” are a characteristic climate feature. Annual average relative humidity is 70 percent at the coast and 57 percent in the eastern part of the area. Precipitation in the project area is typically 9 to 14 inches annually and is rarely in the form of snow or hail due to typically warm weather. The frequency and amount of rainfall is greater in the coastal areas of the project area.

Shade/Shadow Study 13 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

3.2 EXISTING SHADOW‐SENSITIVE USES

As noted above, facilities and operations sensitive to the effects of shading include: routinely usable outdoor spaces associated with residential, recreational, or institutional (e.g., schools, convalescent homes) land uses; commercial uses such as pedestrian‐oriented outdoor spaces or restaurants with outdoor eating areas; nurseries; and existing solar collectors. Shadow‐sensitive uses in the vicinity of the project site include residential outdoor activity areas (i.e., front, side, and backyard areas) to the northeast, east, southeast, and west. These areas are dependent on sunlight for the physical comfort of this use (outdoor space for residence).

3.3 EXISTING SHADE/SHADOW CONDITIONS

As noted above, several commercial buildings and two single‐family residences are currently situated within the boundaries of the project site. All on‐site structures are one story in height, and do not cast shade/shadows at off‐site shadow‐sensitive uses for more than three hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Pacific Standard Time (between late October and early April), and/or for more than four hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time (between early April and late October). It is noted that the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street is currently shaded for more than three to four hours due to dense vegetation located at this property.

Shade/Shadow Study 14 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

4.0 SHADE/SHADOW ANALYSIS

4.1 THRESHOLDS OF SIGNIFICANCE

A project would have a significant impact pertaining to the degradation of character/quality if it would substantially block sunlight for neighboring buildings. Since the City of San Gabriel does not have a specific adopted threshold to determine whether or not increased shade/shadow patterns are considered significant, Michael Baker International (Michael Baker) has utilized the City of Los Angeles’ adopted threshold. Further, the urbanized character of the City is similar to that of Los Angeles (pertaining to potential shade/shadow concerns) and Los Angeles is one of the few cities in southern California with an adopted threshold of significance for shade/shadow impacts. Thus, for the purposes of this analysis, a project would have a significant impact if:

 Shadow‐sensitive use areas (where sunlight is important to its function) would be shaded by project‐related structures for more than three hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Pacific Standard Time (between late October and early April), or for more than four hours between the hours of .9:00 a.m and 5:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time (between early April and late October), compared to existing conditions.1

For the purposes of this analysis, facilities and operations sensitive to the effects of shading include: routinely useable outdoor spaces associated with residential, recreational, or institutional (e.g., schools, convalescent homes) land uses; commercial uses such as pedestrian‐ oriented outdoor spaces or restaurants with outdoor eating areas; nurseries; and existing solar collectors. These uses are considered sensitive because sunlight is important to function, physical comfort, or commerce.

4.2 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

SS‐1 Result in shading of shadow‐sensitive use areas (where sunlight is important to its function) by project‐related structures for more than three hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Pacific Standard Time (between late October and early April), or for more than four hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time (between early April and late October), compared to existing conditions?

Level of Significance Before Mitigation: Less Than Significant Impact.

The proposed project would construct a multi‐story mixed‐use development that includes 163 residential dwelling units, 16,435 square feet of restaurant, and 12,230 square feet of commercial retail uses on the 3.46‐acre project site. Construction of the new multi‐story building would cast shadows on nearby residential and commercial uses. The following analysis describes the

1 City of Los Angeles, L.A. CEQA Thresholds Guide, 2006.

Shade/Shadow Study 15 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

shadow conditions from the proposed project onto surrounding uses during the summer/winter solstices and the vernal/autumnal equinoxes.

Winter Solstice.

Proposed Project

On December 21, shadows are widespread within and around the project site from the morning (9:00 a.m.) to the afternoon (3:00 p.m.) hours; refer to Exhibit 4a, Proposed Project Shade/Shadow Patterns, Winter Solstice and Vernal Equinox. Morning shadows (9:00 a.m.) would be present to the northwest of the project site. During this period, the proposed project would shade the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street (APN 5373‐001‐008), the right‐of‐way associated with South San Gabriel Boulevard to the west, and would nominally shade a commercial use adjoining the project site to south/west; refer to Exhibit 4a.

At noon, the sun shines above from a southerly direction, casting shadows in a northerly fashion. These shadows would minimally spill onto the East Live Oak Street right‐of‐way to the north and the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north of the project site; refer to Exhibit 4a. In the afternoon hour (3:00 p.m.), shadows would be cast to the northeast, shading the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north, several residential side and backyard areas to the east, and onto East Live Oak Street and the commercial parking lot to the north; refer to Exhibit 4a. As shown in Exhibit 4a, the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north would be shaded for more than three hours between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. with project implementation. However, this area is currently shaded for more than three hours during the Winter Solstice under existing conditions due to dense vegetation. Therefore, impacts in this regard would be less than significant.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Shade/Shadow patterns in the project area with implementation of Phase 3 would be generally similar to the proposed project; refer to Exhibit 4b, Phase 3 Shade/Shadow Patterns, Winter Solstice and Vernal Equinox. However, the following differences during the Winter Solstice are noted:

 In the 9:00 a.m. hour, shadows are cast onto the commercial structure to the north of the project site;

 At noon, shadows would spill onto the commercial parking lot to the north of the project site across East Live Oak Street; and

 At 3:00 p.m., shadows would cast further onto the commercial parking lot to the north, and onto the North Gladys Avenue right‐of‐way to the north.

Shade/Shadow Study 16 October 2017 Winter Solstice

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

December December December 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 12 p.m. Shadow Pattern 3 p.m. Shadow Pattern

Vernal Equinox

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

March March March 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 12 p.m. Shadow Pattern 3 p.m. Shadow Pattern

SOURCE: KOLLIN.ALTOMARE.ARCHITECTS OCTOBER 2017

SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY Proposed Project Shade/Shadow Patterns not to scale Winter Solstice and Vernal Equinox

10/04/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 4a Winter Solstice

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

December December December 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 12 p.m. Shadow Pattern 3 p.m. Shadow Pattern

Vernal Equinox

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

March March March 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 12 p.m. Shadow Pattern 3 p.m. Shadow Pattern

SOURCE: KOLLIN.ALTOMARE.ARCHITECTS OCTOBER 2017

SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY Phase 3 Shade/Shadow Patterns not to scale Winter Solstice and Vernal Equinox

10/04/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 4b San Gabriel Plaza

 As Phase 3 would include the acquisition and development of the residential property located at 818 East Live Oak Street, no shade/shadow impacts would occur at this property.

Although Phase 3 would result in slightly increased shade/shadow patterns at surrounding uses, no shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than three hours between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. during the Winter Solstice. A less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Vernal Equinox.

Proposed Project

Shadows generated by the proposed project on March 21, when the sun shines at a moderate angle at noon, would cast shadows to the west, northwest, north, northeast, and east between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.; refer to Exhibit 4a. Morning shadows (9:00 a.m.) would slightly spill onto commercial uses adjoining the project site to the south/west, the right‐of‐way associated with South San Gabriel Boulevard and East Live Oak Street to the west and north (respectively), and nominally onto the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north.

At noon, shadows casted by the proposed project would predominantly stay within the boundaries of the project site, although there would be nominal spillage onto East Live Oak Street to the north, and onto the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north of the project site. During the afternoon hour (3:00 p.m.), shadows would marginally be cast onto East Live Oak Street to the north, the residential front and backyard areas at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north, and several residential side and backyard areas to the east of the project site; refer to Exhibit 4a. Although a small portion of the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street would be shaded for more than three hours with implementation of the proposed project, this currently occurs under existing conditions. As such, shadow patterns during the Vernal Equinox would not increase shade experienced at any shadow‐sensitive uses for more than three hours between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. as a result of the proposed project. Therefore, impacts in this regard would be less than significant.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Shade/Shadow patterns in the project area with implementation of Phase 3 would be generally similar to the proposed project; refer to Exhibit 4b. However, the following differences during the Vernal Equinox are noted:

 In the afternoon (3:00 p.m.), shadows are cast onto the residential use adjoining the project site to the east along East Live Oak Street. However, this property would not be shaded for more than three hours.

Shade/Shadow Study 19 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

Although Phase 3 would result in slightly increased shade/shadow patterns at surrounding uses, no shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than three hours between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. during the Vernal Equinox. A less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Summer Solstice.

Proposed Project

Shadows generated by the proposed project on June 21 would cast to the north, east, southeast, and west between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.; refer to Exhibit 5a, Proposed Project Shade/Shadow Patterns, Summer Solstice and Autumnal Equinox. Morning shadows (9:00 a.m.) would slightly spill onto a commercial use to the south/west of the project site and the South San Gabriel Boulevard right‐of‐way to the west. At 1:00 p.m., shadows cast by the project would stay within the boundaries of the project site. Shadows cast during the 5:00 p.m. hour would spill onto residential side and backyard areas to the east, and onto the backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north of the project site. As shown in Exhibit 5a, no shadow‐ sensitive uses would be shaded for more than four hours between the ours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Shade/Shadow patterns in the project area with implementation of Phase 3 would be generally similar to the proposed project; refer to Exhibit 5b, Phase 3 Shade/Shadow Patterns, Summer Solstice and Autumnal Equinox. However, the following differences during the Summer Solstice are noted:

 At 5:00 p.m., shadows are cast onto the residential use adjoining the project site to the east along East Live Oak Street. However, this property would not be shaded for more than four hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. as a result of the project.

Although Phase 3 would result in slightly increased shade/shadow patterns at surrounding uses, no shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. during the Summer Solstice. A less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Autumnal Equinox.

Proposed Project

Shadows generated by the proposed project on September 21 would cast to the north, east, and west between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.; refer to Exhibit 5a. Morning shadows (9:00 a.m.) would slightly spill onto the adjoining commercial uses to the south/west of the project

Shade/Shadow Study 20 October 2017 Summer Solstice

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

June June June 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 1 p.m. Shadow Pattern 5 p.m. Shadow Pattern

Autumnal Equinox

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

September September September 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 1 p.m. Shadow Pattern 5 p.m. Shadow Pattern

SOURCE: KOLLIN.ALTOMARE.ARCHITECTS OCTOBER 2017

SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY Proposed Project Shade Shadow Patterns, not to scale Summer Solstice an Autumnal Equinox

10/04/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 5a Summer Solstice

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARDBOULEVARD GABRIEL GABRIEL SAN SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

June June June 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 1 p.m. Shadow Pattern 5 p.m. Shadow Pattern

Autumnal Equinox

LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET LIVE OAK STREET

SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN SAN GABRIEL BOULEVARD GABRIEL SAN

September September September 9 a.m. Shadow Pattern 1 p.m. Shadow Pattern 5 p.m. Shadow Pattern

SOURCE: KOLLIN.ALTOMARE.ARCHITECTS OCTOBER 2017

SAN GABRIEL PLAZA PROJECT • SHADE/SHADOW STUDY Phase 3 Shade/Shadow Patterns not to scale Summer Solstice and Autumnal Equinox

10/04/17 JN 160392 MAS Exhibit 5b San Gabriel Plaza

site, and South San Gabriel Boulevard right‐of‐way to the west. At 1:00 p.m., shadows cast by the project would mainly stay within the boundaries of the project site, although some shadows would be cast onto the East Live Oak Street right‐of‐way, and the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street to the north. Shadows cast during the 5:00 p.m. hour would spill onto residential side and backyard areas to the east, the backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street, and East Live Oak Street right‐of‐way to the north of the project site. However, as shown in Exhibit 5a, no shadow‐sensitive uses would be shaded for more than four hours between the ours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Phase 3 Parcel Acquisition

Shade/Shadow patterns during the Autumnal Equinox with implementation of Phase 3 would be similar to the proposed project, although to a slightly greater extent; refer to Exhibit 5b. However, the significance level of impacts would not change as a result of Phase 3. As such, a less than significant would occur with implementation of Phase 3, as described above for the proposed project.

Impact Conclusion

Late October to Early April

Winter Months. As illustrated on Exhibit 4a, the proposed project would cast shade for greater than three hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. at the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street in the winter months. However, this residential backyard area is currently shaded for more than three hours during the Winter Solstice under existing conditions. No shadow sensitive uses would be shaded for more than three hours with implementation of Phase 3; refer to Exhibit 4b. Therefore, the project would not create a substantial increase in shade/shadow patterns in comparison to existing conditions. Impacts in this regard would be less than significant.

Spring Months. As illustrated on Exhibit 4a, the proposed project would cast shade for greater than three hours between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. at the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street during the spring months. However, this residential backyard area is currently shaded for more than three hours during the Vernal Equinox under existing

Shade/Shadow Study 23 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

conditions. No shadow sensitive uses would be shaded for more than three hours with implementation of Phase 3; refer to Exhibit 4b. Therefore, the project would not create a substantial increase in shade/shadow patterns in comparison to existing conditions. Impacts in this regard would be less than significant.

Early April to Late October

Summer Months. As illustrated on Exhibit 5a and Exhibit 5b, the proposed project and Phase 3 would not cast shadows for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. at any shadow‐sensitive uses in the project vicinity. Thus, during the summer months, surrounding uses would not experience significant shadow impacts as a result of the project. A less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Fall Months. As illustrated on Exhibit 5a and Exhibit 5b, the proposed project and Phase 3 would not cast shadows for more than four hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. at any shadow‐sensitive uses in the project vicinity. Thus, surrounding uses would not experience significant shadow impacts as a result of the project during the fall months. A less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

In conclusion, the proposed project would result in shading of the residential backyard area at 818 East Live Oak Street for more than three hours during the winter and spring months, while a less than significant impact would occur with implementation of Phase 3. However, this property is currently shaded throughout the day under existing conditions due to dense vegetation in the backyard area. Therefore, the project would not create a substantial increase in shade/shadow patterns in comparison to existing conditions. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation measures are required.

Shade/Shadow Study 24 October 2017 San Gabriel Plaza

5.0 REFERENCES

5.1 PREPARERS

MICHAEL BAKER INTERNATIONAL 5 Hutton Centre Parkway, Suite 500 Santa Ana, California 92707 949/472‐3505

Kristen Bogue, Technical Studies Project Manager Ryan Chiene, Visual Resource Specialist Faye Stroud, Graphic Artist

5.2 DOCUMENTS

1. City of Los Angeles, L.A. CEQA Thresholds Guide, 2006.

2. City of San Gabriel, The Comprehensive General Plan of the City of San Gabriel, California, adopted by Resolution No. 04‐16, May 18, 2004.

3. City of San Gabriel, San Gabriel Municipal Code, current though Ordinance 633‐C.S., passed April 18, 2017.

4. Kollin Altomare Architects, San Gabriel Plaza Sun and Shade Study, September 6, 2017.

5. Kollin Altomare Architects, San Gabriel Plaza Sun and Shade Study With Phase 3, September 6, 2017.

5.3 WEB SITES

Google Earth, 2017.

Shade/Shadow Study 25 October 2017