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Vinca Major, V. Minor
Vinca major, V. minor INTRODUCTORY DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE BOTANICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FIRE EFFECTS AND MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS APPENDIX: FIRE REGIME TABLE REFERENCES INTRODUCTORY AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION FEIS ABBREVIATION NRCS PLANT CODE COMMON NAMES TAXONOMY SYNONYMS LIFE FORM FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS OTHER STATUS Common periwinkle. Photo by Dan Tenaglia, Missouriplants.com, Bugwood.org AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION: Stone, Katharine R. 2009. Vinca major, V. minor. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [ 2010, February 8]. FEIS ABBREVIATION: VINSPP VINMAJ VINMIN NRCS PLANT CODE [106]: VIMA VIMI2 COMMON NAMES: bigleaf periwinkle big periwinkle greater periwinkle large periwinkle periwinkle vinca common periwinkle lesser periwinkle periwinkle vinca TAXONOMY: The genus name for periwinkles is Vinca L. (Apocynaceae). This review summarizes information on the following periwinkle species [29,42,61,78,113]: Vinca major L., bigleaf periwinkle Vinca minor L., common periwinkle In this review, species are referred to by their common names, and "periwinkles" refers to both species. Numerous periwinkle cultivars are available [30,66]. SYNONYMS: None LIFE FORM: Vine-forb FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS: None OTHER STATUS: Information on state-level noxious weed status of plants in the United States is available at Plants Database. DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE SPECIES: Vinca major, V. minor GENERAL DISTRIBUTION HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Bigleaf periwinkle is native to Mediterranean Europe [1,4], Asia Minor [1], and northern Africa (review by [10]). Common periwinkle is native across all of continental Europe as far north as the Baltic States [86]. -
Vinca Major L
A WEED REPORT from the book Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States This WEED REPORT does not constitute a formal recommendation. When using herbicides always read the label, and when in doubt consult your farm advisor or county agent. This WEED REPORT is an excerpt from the book Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States and is available wholesale through the UC Weed Research & Information Center (wric.ucdavis.edu) or retail through the Western Society of Weed Science (wsweedscience.org) or the California Invasive Species Council (cal-ipc.org). Vinca major L. Big periwinkle Family: Apocynaceae Range: Primarily California, but also Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico and much of the southern and eastern United States. Habitat: Riparian corridors, moist woodlands, forest margins, coastal habitats, and disturbed sites such as roadsides and old homesteads. Grows best under moist, shady conditions on sandy to medium loam soil, with acidic to neutral pH. Can also tolerate drought, full sun, heavy clay and slightly alkaline soils. Foliage is susceptible to frost damage. Origin: Native to central Europe and the Mediterranean region. Introduced to the United States in the 1700s as an ornamental and for medicinal uses. Impacts: Under favorable conditions, plants spread invasively and can develop a dense ground cover that outcompetes other vegetation in natural areas. Big periwinkle is becoming a dominant woodland understory in many areas of California. Infestations around old homesteads have been present for many years and serve as nurseries for further spread. Some plants in the dogbane (Apocynaceae) family are extremely toxic, although poisoning due to the ingestion of big periwinkle is poorly documented. -
The Phytochemical Analysis of Vinca L. Species Leaf Extracts Is Correlated with the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antitumor Effects
molecules Article The Phytochemical Analysis of Vinca L. Species Leaf Extracts Is Correlated with the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antitumor Effects 1,2, 3 3 1 1 Alexandra Ciorît, ă * , Cezara Zăgrean-Tuza , Augustin C. Mot, , Rahela Carpa and Marcel Pârvu 1 Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes, -Bolyai University, 44 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] (R.C.); [email protected] (M.P.) 2 National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath St., 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania 3 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes, -Bolyai University, 11 Arany János St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] (C.Z.-T.); [email protected] (A.C.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +40-264-584-037 Abstract: The phytochemical analysis of Vinca minor, V. herbacea, V. major, and V. major var. variegata leaf extracts showed species-dependent antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effects correlated with the identified phytoconstituents. Vincamine was present in V. minor, V. major, and V. major var. variegata, while V. minor had the richest alkaloid content, followed by V. herbacea. V. major var. variegata was richest in flavonoids and the highest total phenolic content was found in V. herbacea which also had elevated levels of rutin. Consequently, V. herbacea had the highest antioxidant activity V. major variegata V. major V. minor followed by var. Whereas, the lowest one was of . The extract showed the most efficient inhibitory effect against both Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. On the other hand, V. herbacea had a good anti-bacterial potential only against S. -
Orphan Drugs Used for Treatment in Pediatric Patients in the Slovak Republic
DOI 10.2478/v10219-012-0001-0 ACTA FACULTATIS PHARMACEUTICAE UNIVERSITATIS COMENIANAE Supplementum VI 2012 ORPHAN DRUGS USED FOR TREATMENT IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC 1Foltánová, T. – 2Konečný, M. – 3Hlavatá, A. –.4Štepánková, K. 5Cisárik, F. 1Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2Department of Clinical Genetics, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava 32nd Department of Pediatrics, UniversityChildren'sHospital, Bratislava 4Slovak Cystic Fibrosis Association, Košice 5Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty Hospital, Žilina Due to the enormous success of scientific research in the field of paediatric medicine many once fatal children’s diseases can now be cured. Great progress has also been achieved in the rehabilitation of disabilities. However, there is still a big group of diseases defined as rare, treatment of which has been traditionally neglected by the drug companies mainly due to unprofitability. Since 2000 the treatment of rare diseases has been supported at the European level and in 2007 paediatric legislation was introduced. Both decisions together support treatment of rare diseases in children. In this paper, we shortly characterise the possibilities of rare diseases treatment in children in the Slovak republic and bring the list of orphan medicine products (OMPs) with defined dosing in paediatrics, which were launched in the Slovak market. We also bring a list of OMPs with defined dosing in children, which are not available in the national market. This incentive may help in further formation of the national plan for treating rare diseases as well as improvement in treatment options and availability of rare disease treatment in children in Slovakia. -
Isolation, Purification, Serology and Nature of Rose Mosaic Virus
ISOLATION, PURIFICATION, SEROLOGY AND NATURE OF ROSE MOSAIC VIRUS by ROBERT S. HALLIWELL A THESIS submitted to OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY June 1962 APPROVED; Redacted for privacy Professor of Botany and Plant Pathology In Charge of Major Redacted for privacy lairmaiy of Department of Botrai 0 (7 <7 Redacted for privacy Chairman of School Graduate Committee Redacted for privacy Deani of Graduate SchoolO Date thesis is presented May 16, 1962 Typed by Claudia Annis ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author wishes to express his gratitude to Dr. J. A. Milbrath for his encouragement and guidance throughout the course of this investigation and to Dr. R. E. Ford for his advice and assistance in the serological studies. Thanks are also due to Dr. F. H. Smith, Dr. R. A. Young, Dr. I. W. Deep, and Dr. C. H. Wang for their helpful criticism and advice in preparing this manuscript. He is grateful to H. H. Millsap for taking the pictures, and J. D. Newstead for the electron micro graphs used in this thesis. The writer expresses his appreciation to Dr. R. W. Fulton of the Plant Pathology Department of the University of Wisconsin for supplying his isolate of rose mosaic virus for this study. This project was made possible by support from the Oregon Bulb, Florist and Nursery Council. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Review of Literature 3 Materials and Methods 10 I. Plant inoculation technique 10 II. Plant culture 10 Results 11 I. Isolation of rose mosaic virus of rose, 11 A. -
Ehealth DSI [Ehdsi V2.2.2-OR] Ehealth DSI – Master Value Set
MTC eHealth DSI [eHDSI v2.2.2-OR] eHealth DSI – Master Value Set Catalogue Responsible : eHDSI Solution Provider PublishDate : Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 1 of 490 MTC Table of Contents epSOSActiveIngredient 4 epSOSAdministrativeGender 148 epSOSAdverseEventType 149 epSOSAllergenNoDrugs 150 epSOSBloodGroup 155 epSOSBloodPressure 156 epSOSCodeNoMedication 157 epSOSCodeProb 158 epSOSConfidentiality 159 epSOSCountry 160 epSOSDisplayLabel 167 epSOSDocumentCode 170 epSOSDoseForm 171 epSOSHealthcareProfessionalRoles 184 epSOSIllnessesandDisorders 186 epSOSLanguage 448 epSOSMedicalDevices 458 epSOSNullFavor 461 epSOSPackage 462 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 2 of 490 MTC epSOSPersonalRelationship 464 epSOSPregnancyInformation 466 epSOSProcedures 467 epSOSReactionAllergy 470 epSOSResolutionOutcome 472 epSOSRoleClass 473 epSOSRouteofAdministration 474 epSOSSections 477 epSOSSeverity 478 epSOSSocialHistory 479 epSOSStatusCode 480 epSOSSubstitutionCode 481 epSOSTelecomAddress 482 epSOSTimingEvent 483 epSOSUnits 484 epSOSUnknownInformation 487 epSOSVaccine 488 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 3 of 490 MTC epSOSActiveIngredient epSOSActiveIngredient Value Set ID 1.3.6.1.4.1.12559.11.10.1.3.1.42.24 TRANSLATIONS Code System ID Code System Version Concept Code Description (FSN) 2.16.840.1.113883.6.73 2017-01 A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 2.16.840.1.113883.6.73 2017-01 -
Virus Diseases of Trees and Shrubs
VirusDiseases of Treesand Shrubs Instituteof TerrestrialEcology NaturalEnvironment Research Council á Natural Environment Research Council Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Virus Diseases of Trees and Shrubs J.1. Cooper Institute of Terrestrial Ecology cfo Unit of Invertebrate Virology OXFORD Printed in Great Britain by Cambrian News Aberystwyth C Copyright 1979 Published in 1979 by Institute of Terrestrial Ecology 68 Hills Road Cambridge CB2 ILA ISBN 0-904282-28-7 The Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) was established in 1973, from the former Nature Conservancy's research stations and staff, joined later by the Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to and draws upon the collective knowledge of the fourteen sister institutes \Which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences. The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man- made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources. Nearly half of ITE's work is research commissioned by customers, such as the Nature Con- servancy Council who require information for wildlife conservation, the Forestry Commission and the Department of the Environment. The remainder is fundamental research supported by NERC. ITE's expertise is widely used by international organisations in overseas projects and programmes of research. The photograph on the front cover is of Red Flowering Horse Chestnut (Aesculus carnea Hayne). -
Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2016 1/41
Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2016 ATC code ATC group / Active substance (rout of admin.) Quantity sold Unit DDD Unit DDD/1000/ day A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 167,8985 A01 STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0738 A01A STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0738 A01AB Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment 0,0738 A01AB09 Miconazole (O) 7088 g 0,2 g 0,0738 A01AB12 Hexetidine (O) 1951200 ml A01AB81 Neomycin+ Benzocaine (dental) 30200 pieces A01AB82 Demeclocycline+ Triamcinolone (dental) 680 g A01AC Corticosteroids for local oral treatment A01AC81 Dexamethasone+ Thymol (dental) 3094 ml A01AD Other agents for local oral treatment A01AD80 Lidocaine+ Cetylpyridinium chloride (gingival) 227150 g A01AD81 Lidocaine+ Cetrimide (O) 30900 g A01AD82 Choline salicylate (O) 864720 pieces A01AD83 Lidocaine+ Chamomille extract (O) 370080 g A01AD90 Lidocaine+ Paraformaldehyde (dental) 405 g A02 DRUGS FOR ACID RELATED DISORDERS 47,1312 A02A ANTACIDS 1,0133 Combinations and complexes of aluminium, calcium and A02AD 1,0133 magnesium compounds A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+ Magnesium hydroxide (O) 811120 pieces 10 pieces 0,1689 A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+ Magnesium hydroxide (O) 3101974 ml 50 ml 0,1292 A02AD83 Calcium carbonate+ Magnesium carbonate (O) 3434232 pieces 10 pieces 0,7152 DRUGS FOR PEPTIC ULCER AND GASTRO- A02B 46,1179 OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD) A02BA H2-receptor antagonists 2,3855 A02BA02 Ranitidine (O) 340327,5 g 0,3 g 2,3624 A02BA02 Ranitidine (P) 3318,25 g 0,3 g 0,0230 A02BC Proton pump inhibitors 43,7324 A02BC01 Omeprazole -
Plant and Landscape Guide Rancho Santa Fe, California, Is Considered to Be in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone Because of Its Unique Characteristics
Plant and Landscape Guide Rancho Santa Fe, California, is considered to be in a very high fire hazard severity zone because of its unique characteristics. It is considered a Wildland Urban Interface area because of the proximity of the natural chaparral vegetation to developed areas, often immediately abutting structures. Additionally, warm coastal weather, Santa Ana winds, mountainous terrain, and steep slopes contribute to the very high fire hazard severity zone designation. DistrictIn an effort (RSFFPD) to protect does homes not allow from certain a future types devastating of trees, Wildlandplants, or fire shrubs such to as be the ones experienced in 2003 and 2007, the Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection planted within certain distances of structures. This booklet contains valuable educateinformation the publicpertaining on RSFFPD’s to both desirable ordinances and regarding undesirable landscaping trees, shrubs, so they can ground covers, vines, roadway clearances, and palm trees. The goal is to Lady Bank’s Rose increase the the chances of their home surviving a wildfire. Please feel free to contactPlease Note: the Fire District if you have any questions, comments, or concerns. 1. THIS IS NOT A COMPREHENSIVE LIST. This booklet is intended to simply guide the public on what types of trees and shrubs are acceptable within the Fire District. Other trees and shrubs not listed 2. may also be acceptable upon approval by the RSFFPD. Trees listed as requiring 30-foot spacing from the drip line to the structure are considered non-fire resistive trees by the RSFFPD. Consult a design professional or the Fire District for site-specific 3. -
Vinca (Catharanthus) Rosea Heatwave Series
Vinca (Catharanthus) rosea Heatwave Series Life cycle Annual Family/origin Apocynaceae/India and Sri Lanka Popular uses Flowering plant, pots, packs, outdoor mixed containers and landscape beds Mature plant height 20-25 cm (8-10”) Mature plant width 20-25 cm (8-10”) Pot size Packs, 10-15 cm (4-6”) pots and larger Plants per pot 1 plant per 10 cm 3 plants 15 cm (6”) or larger Sun exposure Full sun Water requirements Normal to reduced Flowering time All growing season Santa Fe Media A well-drained, porous media is best to prevent over watering Growth regulators pH 5.5-6.2 Vinca responds to: Daminozide (Dazide, EC 0.7-1.5 (100-175 ppm) B-Nine), A-rest and Chlormequat Growing temperature Start at 22-24ºC (70-75ºF) (Cycocel). Concentrations vary per Lower the temperature after root region and by season. Bonzi and at 18-22°C (64-70°F) Sumagic are known for creating leafspot Avoid wet conditions at night problems in Vinca Light Vinca prefers high light conditions Fertilizer needs Well balanced complete fertilizer Common Diseases - avoid ammonia Cal nitrogen as Botrytis, Rhizoctonia, Pythium, it will promote soft growth and Phytophthora, Thielaviopsis disease susceptibility EC 1.8-2.2 (50-200 ppm) Common Pests Thrips, Aphids, Whitefly and Spider Crop time 11-12 weeks for packs and small mites pots to 14 weeks for larger pots Hardiness zone 10-13 Pinching No need but a single pinch is recommended for a better branching. Croptime is 1-2 weeks longer Cultural information is issued as a guide to growers based on our own trial experience. -
Landscaping Near Black Walnut Trees
Selecting juglone-tolerant plants Landscaping Near Black Walnut Trees Black walnut trees (Juglans nigra) can be very attractive in the home landscape when grown as shade trees, reaching a potential height of 100 feet. The walnuts they produce are a food source for squirrels, other wildlife and people as well. However, whether a black walnut tree already exists on your property or you are considering planting one, be aware that black walnuts produce juglone. This is a natural but toxic chemical they produce to reduce competition for resources from other plants. This natural self-defense mechanism can be harmful to nearby plants causing “walnut wilt.” Having a walnut tree in your landscape, however, certainly does not mean the landscape will be barren. Not all plants are sensitive to juglone. Many trees, vines, shrubs, ground covers, annuals and perennials will grow and even thrive in close proximity to a walnut tree. Production and Effect of Juglone Toxicity Juglone, which occurs in all parts of the black walnut tree, can affect other plants by several means: Stems Through root contact Leaves Through leakage or decay in the soil Through falling and decaying leaves When rain leaches and drips juglone from leaves Nuts and hulls and branches onto plants below. Juglone is most concentrated in the buds, nut hulls and All parts of the black walnut tree produce roots and, to a lesser degree, in leaves and stems. Plants toxic juglone to varying degrees. located beneath the canopy of walnut trees are most at risk. In general, the toxic zone around a mature walnut tree is within 50 to 60 feet of the trunk, but can extend to 80 feet. -
TRANSPARENCY COMMITTEE OPINION 4 February 2009 KUVAN
The legally binding text is the original French version TRANSPARENCY COMMITTEE OPINION 4 February 2009 KUVAN 100 mg, soluble tablet Box of 30 tablets (CIP: 390 462-4) Box of 120 tablets (CIP: 390 463-0) Applicant: MERCK LIPHA SANTE sapropterin dihydrochloride List I Medicinal product for hospital prescription only Orphan drug ATC Code: A16AX07 Date of Marketing Authorisation (centralised procedure): 2 December 2008 Reason for request : inclusion on the list of medicinal products approved for use by hospitals. Medical, Economic and Public Health Assessment Division 1 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT 1.1. Active ingredient sapropterin dihydrochloride 1 1.2. Indications "KUVAN is indicated for the treatment of hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA) in adults and children aged four or over suffering from phenylketonuria (PKU) who have been shown to be responsive to such treatment. KUVAN is also indicated for the treatment of hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA) in adults and children aged four or over with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency who have been shown to be responsive to such treatment." N.B.: Hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA), which is an abnormal elevation of blood phenylalanine levels, is normally caused by autosomal recessive mutations of the genes coding for phenylalanine hydroxylase (in the case of PKU) or for the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis or regeneration of 6R-tetrahydrobiopterin (6R-BH4) (in the case of BH4 deficiency). The aim of administering KUVAN to patients suffering from PKU who are responsive to BH4 is to boost the activity of the defective phenylalanine hydroxylase and, as a consequence, to increase or sufficiently restore the oxidative metabolism of phenylalanine in order to reduce or maintain blood phenylalanine levels, to prevent or reduce the build-up of phenylalanine and to increase tolerance of dietary phenylalanine.