Cmi Report December 2016
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Lobbying and Corruption: Review of the Relevant Literature on The
Methodology of Social Sciences (JPB 150) Lobbying and Corruption: Review of the relevant literature on the correlation between the two concepts and the role of regulation as a preventive measure for lobbying not to become corruption By Anna Shabalina, Barbara Anabalon, Magdalena Montanaro and Nira Arapovic Table of Contents 1.Introduction…….. ………………………………………………………..…….. p.2 2.Overview on the History of Literature on Lobbying …………............................p.3 3. The correlation between lobbying and corruption……… ………..………..…..p.4 3.1. Hypothesis #1- lobbying and bribery as substitutes…..…………..pp. 5-6 3.2. Hypothesis # 2- lobbying and bribery as complements…….…..…....p. 6 4. The concept of transparent lobbying…....……………………….…………......p. 7 4.1. The lobbying regulation in EU…..……..………………………..pp. 8 5.Conclusion …….................................................................................................p. 9 6.Bibliography………………………………………………………………..pp. 10-11 1 1. Introduction The practice of lobbying has been actively applied in politics throughout the second half of the 20th century. As lobbying becomes a more widely used activity, it receives more interest in the field of academic research. Corruption has been associated with political activities for a much longer period of time, and unlike lobbying, is always viewed as an illegal and unethical activity. Nonetheless, over the past few decades there has been a tendency to interrogate the correlation between lobbying and corruption, since both can influence important government decisions. The present literature review looks at two broad areas of studies concerned with lobbying. The first part is related to the two central hypotheses about the correlation of lobbying and corruption: substitution hypothesis and complements hypothesis. The second part focuses on the regulation of lobbying and transparency policies that can ensure legal practices within the lobbying process. -
Universidade Federal Da Bahia
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS CENTRO DE ESTUDOS AFRO-ORIENTAIS PROGRAMA MULTIDISCIPLINAR DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ESTUDOS ÉTNICOS E AFRICANOS NIVEL DE MESTRADO SÉRGIO ARMANDO MAÚNGUE TERRITÓRIO VIVIDO E O MAPA COLONIAL: MIGRAÇÃO, COLONIALISMO E IDENTIDADES NO SUL DA BAÍA DE MAPUTO SALVADOR 2012 Sérgio Armando Maúngue TERRITÓRIO VIVIDO E O MAPA COLONIAL: MIGRAÇÃO, COLONIALISMO E IDENTIDADES NO SUL DA BAÍA DE MAPUTO Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Mestre, pelo Programa de Multidisciplinar de Pós- Graduação em Estudos Étnicos e Africanos, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Valdemir Zamparoni Salvador 2012 Biblioteca CEAO – UFBA M451 Maúngue, Sérgio Armando. Território vivido e o mapa colonial: migração, colonialismo e identidades no Sul da Baía de Maputo / por Sérgio Armando Maúngue. - 2012. 121 f. : il. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Valdemir Zamparoni. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa Multidisciplinar de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Étnicos e Africanos, 2012. 1. Moçambique - Fronteiras - África do Sul. 2. Identidade social - Moçambique. 3. Moçambique - História. I. Zamparoni, Valdemir, 1957. II. Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa Multidisciplinar de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Étnicos e Africanos. III. Título. CDD - 967.9 Sérgio Armando Maúngue TERRITÓRIO VIVIDO E O MAPA COLONIAL: MIGRAÇÃO, COLONIALISMO E IDENTIDADES NO SUL DA BAÍA DE MAPUTO Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Mestre, pelo Programa de Multidisciplinar de Pós- Graduação em Estudos Étnicos e Africanos, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal da Bahia. -
Impact of Economic Freedom on Corruption Revisited in ASEAN Countries: a Bayesian Hierarchical Mixed-Effects Analysis
economies Article Impact of Economic Freedom on Corruption Revisited in ASEAN Countries: A Bayesian Hierarchical Mixed-Effects Analysis Nguyen Ngoc Thach 1,* and Bui Hoang Ngoc 2 1 Institute for Research Science and Banking Technology, Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City, 39 Ham Nghi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam 2 Finance, Economics and Management Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 97 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Conceptual and applied studies assessing the linkage between economic freedom and corruption expect that economic freedom boosts economic growth, improves income, and reduces levels of corruption. However, most of them have concentrated on developed and developing groups, while the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries have drawn much less attention. Empirical findings are most often conflicting. Moreover, previous studies performed rather simple frequentist techniques regressing one or some freedom indices on corruption that do not allow for grasping all the aspects of economic freedom as well as capturing variations across countries. The study aims to investigate the effects of ten components of economic freedom index on the level of corruption in ten ASEAN countries from 1999 to 2018. By applying a Bayesian hierarchical mixed-effects regression via a Monte Carlo technique combined with the Gibbs sampler, the obtained results suggest several findings as follows: (i) In view of probability, the predictors property rights, government integrity, tax burden, business freedom, labor freedom, and investment freedom have a strongly positive impact on the response perceived corruption index; (ii) Government Citation: Thach, Nguyen Ngoc, and spending, trade freedom, and financial freedom exert a strongly negative effect, while the influence of Bui Hoang Ngoc. -
Market Opportunities for African Agriculture: an Examination of Demand-Side Constraints on Agricultural Growth
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics DSGD DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 1 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FOR AFRICAN AGRICULTURE: AN EXAMINATION OF DEMAND-SIDE CONSTRAINTS ON AGRICULTURAL GROWTH Xinshen Diao, Paul Dorosh, and Shaikh Mahfuzur Rahman with Siet Meijer, Mark Rosegrant, Yukitsugu Yanoma, and Weibo Li Development Strategy and Governance Division and Markets, Trade and Institutions Division International Food Policy Research Institute 2033 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 U.S.A. http://www. ifpri.org September 2003 Copyright © 2003 International Food Policy Research Institute DSGD Discussion Papers contain preliminary material and research results, and are circulated prior to a full peer review in order to stimulate discussion and critical comment. It is expected that most Discussion Papers will eventually be published in some other form, and that their content may also be revised. DSGD DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 1 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FOR AFRICAN AGRICULTURE: AN EXAMINATION OF DEMAND-SIDE CONSTRAINTS ON AGRICULTURAL GROWTH Xinshen Diao, Paul Dorosh, and Shaikh Mahfuzur Rahman with Siet Meijer, Mark Rosegrant, Yukitsugu Yanoma, and Weibo Li Development Strategy and Governance Division and Markets, Trade and Institutions Division International Food Policy Research Institute 2033 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 U.S.A. http://www. ifpri.org September 2003 Copyright © 2003 International Food Policy Research Institute DSGD Discussion Papers contain preliminary material and research results, and are circulated prior to a full peer review in order to stimulate discussion and critical comment. It is expected that most Discussion Papers will eventually be published in some other form, and that their content may also be revised. -
Here a Causal Relationship? Contemporary Economics, 9(1), 45–60
Bibliography on Corruption and Anticorruption Professor Matthew C. Stephenson Harvard Law School http://www.law.harvard.edu/faculty/mstephenson/ March 2021 Aaken, A., & Voigt, S. (2011). Do individual disclosure rules for parliamentarians improve government effectiveness? Economics of Governance, 12(4), 301–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10101-011-0100-8 Aaronson, S. A. (2011a). Does the WTO Help Member States Clean Up? Available at SSRN 1922190. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1922190 Aaronson, S. A. (2011b). Limited partnership: Business, government, civil society, and the public in the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI). Public Administration and Development, 31(1), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.588 Aaronson, S. A., & Abouharb, M. R. (2014). Corruption, Conflicts of Interest and the WTO. In J.-B. Auby, E. Breen, & T. Perroud (Eds.), Corruption and conflicts of interest: A comparative law approach (pp. 183–197). Edward Elgar PubLtd. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebookbatch.GEN_batch:ELGAR01620140507 Abbas Drebee, H., & Azam Abdul-Razak, N. (2020). The Impact of Corruption on Agriculture Sector in Iraq: Econometrics Approach. IOP Conference Series. Earth and Environmental Science, 553(1), 12019-. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/553/1/012019 Abbink, K., Dasgupta, U., Gangadharan, L., & Jain, T. (2014). Letting the briber go free: An experiment on mitigating harassment bribes. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS, 111(Journal Article), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.12.012 Abbink, Klaus. (2004). Staff rotation as an anti-corruption policy: An experimental study. European Journal of Political Economy, 20(4), 887–906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2003.10.008 Abbink, Klaus. -
Corruption in Context: Social, Economic and Political Dimensions
CHAPTER 1 CORRUPTION IN CONTEXT: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DIMENSIONS GLOBAL CORRUPTION: LAW, THEORY & PRACTICE CONTENTS 1. WHY CORRUPTION MATTERS: THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION 2. THE MANY FACES OF CORRUPTION 3. DRIVERS OF CORRUPTION 4. PERCEPTIONS AND MEASUREMENTS OF CORRUPTION 5. MORE ISSUES ON MEASURING AND UNDERSTANDING CORRUPTION 6. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CORRUPTION LAWS 7. DIVERGENT POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC VIEWS ON CORRUPTION 8. A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON INSTITUTIONAL CORRUPTION 9. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CORRUPTION 10. SUCCESSES AND FAILURES IN INTERNATIONAL CONTROL OF CORRUPTION: GOOD GOVERNANCE 11. ANOTHER CASE STUDY: BAE ENGAGES IN LARGE-SCALE CORRUPTION IN SAUDI ARABIA 1. WHY CORRUPTION MATTERS: THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION 1.1 A Case Illustration of the Impact of Corruption The TV report noted below investigates the cancellation of World Bank funding ($1.2 billion loan) for a major bridge proposal (worth nearly $3 billion) in Bangladesh. The bridge is critical to both the economic growth of the country and the safety of hundreds of thousands of poor Bangladesh citizens who cross the Padma River daily in crowded, unsafe boats.1 The World Bank cancelled funding for the bridge project because very senior politicians and officials in the Bangladesh government allegedly solicited bribes from bidding companies. SNC-Lavalin allegedly agreed to pay those bribes in order to get the engineering contract (worth $50 million) to supervise the bridge construction. SNC-Lavalin is one of the five 1 “SNC and a Bridge for Bangladesh” CBC, the National, Investigative Report (15 minutes), aired May 15, 2013, online: <http://www.cbc.ca/player/News/TV+Shows/The+National/ID/2385492220/>. -
Maputo, Mozambique Casenote
Transforming Urban Transport – The Role of Political Leadership TUT-POL Sub-Saharan Africa Final Report October 2019 Case Note: Maputo, Mozambique Lead Author: Henna Mahmood Harvard University Graduate School of Design 1 Acknowledgments This research was conducted with the support of the Volvo Foundation for Research and Education. Principal Investigator: Diane Davis Senior Research Associate: Lily Song Research Coordinator: Devanne Brookins Research Assistants: Asad Jan, Stefano Trevisan, Henna Mahmood, Sarah Zou 2 MAPUTO, MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE Population: 27,233,789 (as of July 2018) Population Growth Rate: 2.46% (2018) Median Age: 17.3 GDP: USD$37.09 billion (2017) GDP Per Capita: USD$1,300 (2017) City of Intervention: Maputo Urban Population: 36% of total population (2018) Urbanization Rate: 4.35% annual rate of change (2015-2020 est.) Land Area: 799,380 sq km Roadways: 31,083 km (2015) Paved Roadways: 7365 km (2015) Unpaved Roadways: 23,718 km (2015) Source: CIA Factbook I. POLITICS & GOVERNANCE A. Multi- Scalar Governance Sixteen years following Mozambique’s independence in 1975 and civil war (1975-1992), the government of Mozambique began to decentralize. The Minister of State Administration pushed for greater citizen involvement at local levels of government. Expanding citizen engagement led to the question of what role traditional leaders, or chiefs who wield strong community influence, would play in local governance.1 Last year, President Filipe Nyusi announced plans to change the constitution and to give political parties more power in the provinces. The Ministry of State Administration and Public Administration are also progressively implementing a decentralization process aimed at transferring the central government’s political and financial responsibilities to municipalities (Laws 2/97, 7-10/97, and 11/97).2 An elected Municipal Council (composed of a Mayor, a Municipal Councilor, and 12 Municipal Directorates) and Municipal Assembly are the main governing bodies of Maputo. -
Dark Deals and Dampened Destinies: Corruption and Economic Performance Shang-Jin Wei, Richard Zeckhauser* John F
Japan and the World Economy 11 (1999) 443±454 Dark deals and dampened destinies: corruption and economic performance Shang-Jin Wei, Richard Zeckhauser* John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 John F. Kennedy Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ``If you look under most banking crises, there's always a degree of fraud and abuse, and there's often a large amount of criminal activity. Corruption threatens growth and stability in many other ways as well: by discouraging business, undermining legal notions of property rights and perpetuating vested interests.'' Lawrence Summers, Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Speech to Summit of the Eight, Denver, June 10, 1997 The Asian crisis, and the crises that followed in Russia and Brazil elicited strong prescriptions for therapy from international organizations, such as the IMF and the World Bank, and forceful recommendations from US Treasury Department of®cials and many of the world's leading economists. The principal area identi®ed for reform was ®scal fundamentals. Surprisingly, disagreements among the organizations and experts about what should be done were signi®cant, and often sharply worded and loudly voiced.1 `Control corruption' was a second prescription for the nations in crisis. Here there was widespread agreement among the leading commentators and actors, almost all of whom were Americans, and shared the American anathema ± some would say prissiness ± to corrupt practices. Corruption and cronyism were frequently identi®ed as underlying causes of the crisis in the troubled economies. A number of the same sorts of ®rm-government, ®rm-bank, or ®rm-®rm relationships that were previously described as critical ingredients of social capital, or were portrayed metaphorically as the engine of the East Asian growth, * Corresponding author. -
The Political Economy of Corruption
The Political Economy of Corruption ‘Grand’ corruption, generally used to define corruption amongst the top polit- ical elite, has drawn increasing attention from academics and policy-makers during recent years. Current understanding of the causes and mechanisms of this type of corruption, however, falls short of a full awareness of its importance and consequences. In this volume, leading academics and practitioners analyse the economic and political conditions that allow ‘grand’ corruption to survive. Contributions include: • Case studies of countries that have witnessed flagrant misuse of political powers. • Theoretical papers which present models of corruption and project their possible effects. • Empirical studies which raise research questions and test the theoretical models using insightful methodologies. The studies in this work not only indicate the importance of the economic implications of ‘grand’ corruption, but also provide a framework for under- standing its processes. Academics and policy-makers working in the fields of economics, political science and sociology will find this an illuminating and valuable work. Arvind K. Jain is Associate Professor at Concordia University, Montreal. His current research focuses on corruption and on international financial crises. His past research papers have dealt with corruption, agency theory and the debt crisis, capital flight, international lending decisions of banks, oligopolistic behaviour in banking, foreign debt and foreign trade in devel- oping countries, impact of culture on saving behaviour and commodity futures markets. He has previously written two books and edited a volume entitled Economics of Corruption. Routledge Contemporary Economic Policy Issues Series editor: Kanhaya Gupta This series is dedicated to new works that focus directly on contemporary economic policy issues. -
WIDER Working Paper 2020/136-Natural Resources, Institutions, and Economic Transformation in Mozambique
WIDER Working Paper 2020/136 Natural resources, institutions, and economic transformation in Mozambique José Jaime Macuane1 and Carlos Muianga2 October 2020 In partnership with This study was prepared under the Mozambique component of the Economic Development and Institutions (EDI) Programme funded with UK aid from the UK government in collaboration with the Inclusive Development in Mozambique (IGM) Programme funded by the Governments of Finland, Norway, and Denmark. The EDI Programme Directorate includes the following institutions that work in partnership: Oxford Policy Management, University of Namur, Paris School of Economics, and Aide à la décision économique. Abstract: In the light of Mozambique’s natural resources boom—especially its large-scale investments in mining, oil, and gas—this paper analyses the prospects for the extractive industries to contribute to economic transformation from an institutional perspective. To this purpose, we address the institutional dynamics of the resources sector and consider the underlying causes of the identified outcomes. The National Development Strategy, as the instrument presenting the vision for economic transformation and diversification, is discussed. The paper is based on a desk review—documental and bibliographic—and on primary data gathered by the authors as part of their research into the field of natural resources and the political economy of development. We conclude that, given Mozambique’s political patronage and clientelism, intra-ruling elite competition, limited productive base, -
The Organization of Anticorruption: Getting Incentives Right!
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Graf Lambsdorff, Johann Working Paper The organization of anticorruption: Getting incentives right! Passauer Diskussionspapiere - Volkswirtschaftliche Reihe, No. V-57-08 Provided in Cooperation with: University of Passau, Faculty of Business and Economics Suggested Citation: Graf Lambsdorff, Johann (2008) : The organization of anticorruption: Getting incentives right!, Passauer Diskussionspapiere - Volkswirtschaftliche Reihe, No. V-57-08, Universität Passau, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Passau This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/55006 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von -
A Nova Katembe Uma Cidade Para O Futuro
A NOVA KATEMBE Uma cidade para o futuro THE NEW KATEMBE A city for the future AMANHÃ, DEMOGRAFIA UMA VIDA MELHOR DEMOGRAPHY Na outra margem da Baía de Maputo, o distrito KaTembe é hoje um território POPULAÇÃO TOTAL pouco povoado quando comparado com DE MOÇAMBIQUE a Grande Maputo, e a que se acede apenas INHABITANTS OF MOZAMBIQUE por via fluvial. O cenário demográfico está em vias de ser alterado com os 23 390 000 projectos para desenvolver a margem sul de Maputo. Uma nova travessia rodoviária POPULAÇÃO GraNDE ligará em breve Maputo e KaTembe. MAPUTO INHABITANTS OF GraNDE MAPUTO Além da melhoria dos acessos, conforto e segurança garantidos pela nova ligação 2 020 000 rodoviária, perspectiva-se progresso na qualidade de vida das populações POPULAÇÃO KaTemBE da capital de Moçambique. INHABITANTS OF KaTemBE TOMORROW, 20 000 A BETTER LIFE On the other margin of the Bay of Maputo, the district KaTembe is nowadays a sparsely populated ECONOMIA territory when compared with Grande ECONOMY Maputo, to which you have access only MAPUTO HOJE by river. The demographic scenario Superpopulação e crescimento CRESCIMENTO INDUSTRIAL urbanístico desordenado is about to be changed with projects DE MOÇAMBIQUE INDUSTRIAL prodUCTION groWTH MAPUTO TODAY towards development. A new road Overpopulation and uncontrolled will soon link Maputo and KaTembe. IN MOZAMBIQUE urban growth Besides the increase of accesses, 2012 guaranteed by the new road, the 12% comfort and safety will indicate a better life for the population of the capital CRESCIMENTO PIB of Mozambique.