Thaiszia - J. Bot., Košice, 17: 33-58, 2007 THAISZIA http://www.bz.upjs.sk/thaiszia/index.html JOURNAL OF BOTANY
Distribution, cenotic characteristic and protection of habitats of plants of the Bern Convention in East Polesye
OLEKSANDR LUKASH Chair of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Academician Hlushko Avenue 2/12, 01022 Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
LUKASH O. (2007): Distribution, cenotic characteristic and protection of habitats of plants of the Bern Convention in East Polesye. – Thaiszia – J. Bot. 17: 33-58. – ISSN 1210-0420.
Abstract: The author reports on the results of the studies on distribution, cenotic characteristic and analysis of protection of habitats of plants of the Bern Convention in East Polesye. In 1995– 2006 the species of plants, which are given in the list of Appendix I of “Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats” were identified in this region. On quantity of sites in the studied region and geographical distribution the Bern Convention plants of East Polesye are divided in very rare (forest species Botrychium multifidum and Cypripedium calceolus ), rare (forest-marsh species Ostericum palustre ) and rather rare (forest species Pulsatilla patens , water species Salvinia natans and Trapa natans ). The maps of distribution of rare species are represented. The floristic structure of the plant communities with participation of these species is documented.
Keywords: plants, distribution, cenotic characteristic, East Polesye, nature protection, Bern convention.
Introduction With the purpose of development of strategy of protection of habitats of plants of wild flora, in especially disappearing and vulnerable, which are given in the list of Appendix I of “Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and
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Natural Habitats” (1979) the systematization of information about all known habitats of these species in natural regions of Europe is necessary. With the purpose of development of strategy of protection of habitats of plants of wild flora, in especially disappearing and vulnerable, which are given in the list of Appendix I of “Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats” (1979) the systematization of information about all known habitats of these species in natural regions of Europe is necessary. The object of our research is the subprovince East Polesye of province Polesye , which include Left-Bank of Dnieper in the borders of Byelorussia, Russia and Ukraine. In comparison with Northern and Southern Polesye the territory differs in more continental climate and less humidity, presence of loamy “islands” (MARYNYCH 1963) and also large anthropogenous loading. Subjects of research are the species of vascular plants, included „Application 1. Stricly protected flora species” of the Bern convention, in particular Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Rupr, Salvinia natans (L). All., Dracocephalum ruyschiana L., Cypripedium calceolus L., Pulsatilla patens (L) Miller, Trapa natans L., Ostericum palustre (Ben). Bess. The aims of the current studies were the following ones: 1) to establish recent distribution of plants of the Bern Convention in East Polesye, 2) to document the floristic structure of the plant communities with participation of these species. 3) to carry out the analysis of the provision of protection of Bern Convention plants in East Polesye
Materials and methods There were used materials of N. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Science ( KW ), T. Shevchenko Chernihiv State Pedagogical University (Ukraine) and F. Scorina Gomel State University (Byelorussia), data about distribution of rare species in Bryansk region (Russia). The geobotanical descriptions of habitats of Cypripedium calceolus has given O. Evstigneev (Bryansk Forest Reserve). The field researches were carried out during 1997 - 2006 at itinerary and demistationary study of flora and vegetation of East Polesye. The nomenclature of taxons is reduced on MOSYAKIN & FEDORONCHUK (1999). The description of discount areas was carried out in natural borders of phytocenosis. 44 geobotanical descriptions were executed. In identification of syntaxsons was used the syntaxsonomic schemes BULOKCHOV & SOLOMESHCH (2003), MATUSZKIEWICZ (2001), ONYSHCHENKO (2006):
Results and discussion The natural habitat of Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Rupr covers Europe, Western Asia, Himalayas, Northern and Southern America, Australia. KLEOPOV (1990) refers this species to boreal geoelement of flora. On territory of 34
Ukraine B. multifidum is in southern border of distribution. It was known only single habitat of this species, which was found in 1882-1905 ( KW ) by A. Rogovich, V. Montrezor, I. Selejinsky on the territory of modern Ripky rayon (Chernihiv region) and Brovary rayon (Kyiv region). The recent locations of B. multifidum in East Polesye (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Distribution of Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Rupr in East Polesye: a – modern, b - according to official returns 1882-1905. Map symbols: 1 – frontiers, 2 – border of East Polesye Byelorussia. Gomel region. Gomel rayon: Rudna village, Lenin forestry (block 34), Rechitsa rayon. Russia. Bryansk region. Bryansk rayon: Zhurinichi village (Jamski Forest); Navlya rayon: Saltanovka village, Altuchovka forystry (block 113), Altuchovo settlement; Suzemka rayon: Kokorevka forestry (block 29), Krasnoslobodka forestry (blocks 7, 17, 30, 44, 95), Neginka forestry (block 83), Cholmechi forestry (blocks 42, 43), Kokorevka settlement; Trubchevsk rayon: Bryansk 35
Forest Reserve (blocks 2, 5, 12, 23, 29, 30, 33, 37, 40, 41, 61, 81), Skripkinski forestry (block 2, 38, 63), Solsk forestry (block 98, 100). Ukrain e. Sumy region. Seredina-Buda rayon: Ochkino village (tract “Uborok”. Chernihiv region. Nizhin rayon: Vertiyvka settlement. Thus, B. multifidum is very rare in the researched region. The descriptions of phytocenosis from B. multifidum share are represented in Table 1. The s іyntaxas scheme of plant communities with participation of B. multifidum in East Polesye is following: Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger 1937 Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawłowski 1928 Alnion incanae Pawłowski 1928 • Lysimachio nummulariea – Quercetum roboris prov. Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae Jakucs (1960) 1961 Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933 Quercion petraeae Zólyomi et Jakucs ex Jakucs 1960 • Vaccinio myrtilli-Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003
Tab. 1. The floristic structure of the plant communities with Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Rupr
Number of plots 1 2 3 Cover of tree layer (%) 50 30 35 Cover of brush layer (%) 20 5 0 Cover of grassy layer (%) 30 35 10 Trees Fraxinus excelsior L. 4 . . Quercus robur L. . 4 2 Betula pendula Roth . + 3 Acer platanoides L. . + + Tilia cordata Mill . . 2 Brushes Corylus avellana L. . 1 + Fraxinus excelsior L. 2 . . Frangula alnus Mill. 2 1 . Padus avium Mill. . . + Pyrus communis L. + . . Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. + . . Quercus robur L. + 1 . Sorbus aucuparia L. . . + Grasses Aegopodium podagraria L. . . 2 Acer platanoides L. . . + Actea spicata L. . . + Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth 1 . . Aquilegia vulgaris L. . . + Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Rupr + + + 36
Number of plots 1 2 3 - number of vegetative individuals 2 1 2 - number of sporiferous individuals 2 1 2 Calamagrostis arundinaceae (L.) Roth . + . Campanula patula L. + + . C. persicifolia L. . + + Carex hirta L. 1 . . C. sylvatica Huds. . . + Convallaria majalis L. + + + Corylus avellana L. . + + Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P. Fuchs 1 + . D. filix-mas (L.) Schott . . + Epilobium montanum L. + + . Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz + + + Euonymus verrucosa Scop. . + + Fragaria vesca L. 2 2 1 Galium mollugo L. + + . G. schultesii Vest . . + Geranium robertianum L. 2 . . Geum urbanum L. . + + Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F.W. Schmidt + . + Milium effusum L. . . + Lathyrus niger (L.) Bernh. . . + Lilium martagon L. . + + Lysimachia nummularia L. 2 . . Lysimachia vulgaris L. + . . Melampyrum nemorosum L. . 1 . Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich. . . + Orthilia secunda (L.) House + + . Paris quadrifolia L. . . + Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. . . + Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All + . . Potentilla alba L. . + . Primula veris L. . + + Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn . 3 . Pyrola rotundifolia L. + . . P. chlorantha Sw. . . + Ranunculus acris L. + . . Rubus saxatilis L. . 2 + Stellaria holostea L. . . + Trientalis euripea L. . . + Veronica chamaedrys L. + . . Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik . + . Viola arvensis Murr. + . .
Syntaxas: 1 – Lysimachio nummulariea – Quercetum roboris , 2, 3 - Vaccinio myrtilli-Quercetum roboris . Dates and locations of releves: 1 - 29.08.1996, Vertiyvka settlement; 2 - 18.07.2005, Lenin forestry; 3 - 13.07.2006, Altuchovka forystry. 37
Cypripedium calceolus L. – the relic of the tertiary period, European-Asiatic species at the southern border of the natural habitat, which covers Europe, southern part of Siberia and Far East, Minor, Central and Eastern Asia, Northern America. The recent locations of C. calceolus in East Polesye (Fig.2).
Fig. 2. Distribution of Cypripedium calceolus L. (a) and Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. (b- modern, c - according to official returns 1970) in East Polesye. Map symbols: 1 – frontiers, 2 – border of East Polesye.
Russia , Bryansk region. Navlya rayon: Altuchovka forystry (blocks 26, 39, 49), tract “Ryzhucha Swamp”, Prolysovo village, Havan forestry (block 39), Communa settlement; Suzemka rayon: Bryansk Forest Reserve (block 117), Nerussa station, Trebikovo village. Ukrain e, Chernihiv region. Ripky rayon: forest tracts “Volnosha”, ”Kins’ke”, “Pushkarivske”. 38
Thus, C. calceolus is very rare in the researched region. The descriptions of phytocenosis from C. calceolus share are represented in Table 2. The syntaxas scheme of plant communities with participation of C. calceolus in East Polesye is following: Alnetea glutinosae Br.-Bl. et R.Tx. 1943 Alnetalia glutinosae R.Tx. 1937 Alnion glutinosae Malcuit 1929 • Violo palustris – Alnus glutinosae Passarge 1971 Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger 1937 Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawłowski 1928 Carpinion Issler 1931 • Tilio-Carpinetum Traczyk 1962 Querco roboris-Tilion cordatae Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003 • Mercurialo perennis-Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003 Alnion incanae Pawłowski 1928 • Ficario-Ulmetum minoris Knapp 1942 em. J.Matuszkiewicz 1976 Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae Jakucs (1960) 1961 Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933 Quercion petraeae Zólyomi et Jakucs ex Jakucs 1960 • Vaccinio myrtilli-Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003 Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. 1939 Vaccinio-Piceetalia Br.-Bl. 1939 Piceion abietis Pawłowski et all. 1928 (Vaccinio-Piceion Br.-Bl. 1938) • Betulo pubescenti-Piceetum Sokolovski 1980
Tab. 2. The floristic structure of the plant communities with Cypripedium calceolus L.
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Cover of tree layer (%) 40 60 80 70 20 20 60 80 90 60 60 Cover of brush layer (%) 5 35 60 70 40 70 50 70 30 10 5 Cover of grassy layer (%) 65 40 50 70 80 70 80 60 25 70 70 Cover of mossy layer (%) - - 10 40 30 50 - - - - - Trees Acer platanoides L. . . 2 . . . . . + . . Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. . 3 5 . . . . 3 . . . Betula pendula Roth 2 . 2 . . . . 4 . + 5 Betula pubescens Ehrh. . 3 . 4 3 3 . 3 . . . Carpinus betulus L...... 4 . . Fraxinus excelsior L. . . . 1 . . . . 3 . . Picea abies (L.) Karst. . 5 2 4 3 2 3 5 . . . Pinus sylvestris L. . 1 5 . . 1 . . . 5 . 39
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Populus tremula L. 1 . . . . . 5 . . . . Quercus robur L. 3 ...... 3 . + Tilia ordata Mill...... + . + Brushes Acer platanoides L. . 1 1 1 ...... Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. . 1 . 1 1 . 1 . . . . Betula pubescens Ehrh. . . 1 . . 1 . 1 . . . Corylus avellana L. . . 1 . . . 1 . 4 + . Daphne mezereum L...... 1 . . . . Euonymus europaea L...... + . Euonymus verrucosa Scop. . 1 1 . . . 1 . . . . Frangula alnus Mill. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . . 2 Fraxinus excelsior L. 1 . . 3 1 . . . . + . Padus avium Mill. . . . 1 . . . 3 + . . Picea abies (L.) Karst. . 3 4 4 4 4 1 5 . . . Populus tremula L. . . . . 1 . . . . 2 . Quercus robur L. . 1 1 . 1 . 2 1 . . . Ribes nigrum L...... + . Rubus nessensis W. Hall . 1 ...... Salix cinerea L. . . . . 1 5 . . . . . Salix rosmarinifolia L...... 1 . . . . Sorbus aucuparia L. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 + Swida sanguinea (L.) Opiz ...... + + . Tilia cordata Mill...... 1 . . + Ulmus carpinifolia Rupp. ex G. Suckow ...... + 2 . Viburnum opulus L...... 1 . . + . . Grasses Acer platanoides L. . 1 1 1 . 1 . . + . . Achillea millefolium L. . . 1 ...... Adoxa moschatellina L...... 1 . . . Aegopodium podagraria L. . 1 1 . . . 4 4 + 5 4 Agrostis stolonifera L...... 1 . . . . . Alliaria petiolata (Beib.) Cavara et Grande ...... + . Angelica sylvestris L. . 1 1 1 . 1 . 1 . . . Anemone nemorosa L...... 1 . . Anemone ranunculoides L...... + + + Anthoxanthum odoratum L. . . 1 ...... Asarum europaeum L. . . . 1 . . 1 1 + + . Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth . . 1 . . . . 1 . + . Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. . . 1 ...... Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) Beauv. 1 . . . . . 1 . . . . Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) Beauv. . . 1 ...... Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth 3 3 3 . . . 1 3 . . . Caltha palustris L. . . . 1 . 1 . . . . . 40
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Campanula persicifolia L...... 1 . . . . Campanula trachelium L...... 1 . . . . Carex appropinquata Schum. . . . . 1 1 . . . . . Carex cinerea Poll...... 1 . . . . . Carex digitata L. . 1 1 . 1 . 1 . . . + Carex elongata L. . . . 1 1 ...... Carex pilosa Scop...... 1 . . Carex rhizina Blytt ex Lindbl...... 1 . . . . Carex vaginata Tausch . . 1 ...... Carex vesicaria L. . . . . 1 ...... Circaea alpina L...... 1 . . . Cirsium heterophyllum (L.) Hill ...... 1 . . . . Cirsium oleraceum (L.) Scop. . . 1 1 3 ...... Clinopodium vulgare L...... 1 . . . . Convallaria majalis L. . 3 4 1 . . 4 . 2 + + Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. & Koerte ...... + . . Corylus avellana L. . . . 1 . . 1 . + . . Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench . . 1 1 2 2 . . . . . Cypripedium calceolus L. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . . . - number of vegetative individuals (sprouts) 20 5 8 5 2 2 2 2 .3 12 3 - number of flowering individuals (sprouts) 5 0 6 3 3 0 1 1 2 31 5 Dactylorhisa longifolia (L. Neum.) Aver...... 1 . . . . . Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soo . 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 . . . Dactylorhiza macululata (L.) Soo . . . . 1 1 . . . . . Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) Beauv. . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . Digitalis grandiflora Mill. 1 ...... Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H. P. Fuchs . . 1 . . . . 1 . . . Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray . . . . . 1 . . . . . Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz . . . . 1 . 1 1 + . . Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz . . + . 1 ...... Epipogium aphyllum Sw. . . + ...... Equisetum fluviatile L. . . . 1 1 1 . . . + . Equisetum hyemale L...... 1 . 4 + + Equisetum sylvaticum L...... 1 . . + + Euonymus europaea L...... + . Euonymus verrucosa Scop. . 1 . . . . 1 . + . . Festuca gigantea (L.) Vill. . . . 1 1 ...... Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. . . 1 1 3 1 1 1 . . . Filipendula vulgaris Moench 1 ...... Fragaria vesca L. 1 . 1 . . . 1 1 . . . Frangula alnus Mill. . 1 1 1 . 1 1 . . . . Fraxinus excelsior L. . . . 1 ...... Galeobdolon luteum Huds. . . 1 . . . . . 2 2 . 41
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Galium boreale L. 1 ...... Galium mollugo L. . . 1 . . . 1 . . . + Galium odoratum (L.) Scop...... + . . Galium palustre L. . . 1 . 1 ...... Galium rubioides L...... 1 . . . . G. schultesii Vest ...... + . + Galium uliginosum L. . . . 1 . 1 . . . . . Geranium robertianum L...... 1 . . . Geranium sylvaticum L. 1 ...... Geum rivale L. . . . 3 3 . 1 . . . . Geum urbanum L. . . 1 . . . . 1 . . . Glechoma hederacea L...... 1 . . . Glechoma hirsuta Waldst et Kit ...... 1 . . Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newm...... 3 . . . Heracleum sibiricum L. . . 1 ...... Hieracium umbellatum L...... 1 . . . . Hypericum maculatum Crantz ...... 1 . . . . Impatiens noli-tangere L. . 1 1 . . . . 1 . . . Lactuca serriola L...... 1 . . . Lamium maculatum (L.) L...... + . . Laserpitium latifolium L. 1 ...... Lathyrus niger (L.) Bernh. 1 ...... Lathyrus vernus (L.) Bernh. 1 1 1 . . . 1 . + + + Lilium martagon L. 1 . . . . . 1 . . . . Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. . . 1 1 . . 1 1 . + . Luzula pilosa (L.) Willd. . 1 1 . . . 1 1 . . . Lycopus europaeus L...... 1 . . . . . Lysimachia vulgaris L. . 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 . . . Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F. W. Schmidt 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 + . . Malus sylvestris Mill. . . 1 ...... Melampyrum nemorosum L. 1 . 1 ...... Melampyrum pratense L. . 1 . . . 1 . . . . . Melica nutans L. 1 1 2 ...... + . Mercurialis perennis L. . . . 1 ...... Milium effusum L...... 1 + . . Moehringia trinervia (L.) Clairv...... 1 . . . Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench . . 1 . . . 1 . . . . Moneses uniflora (L.) A. Gray . . + ...... Myosoton aquaticum (L.) Moench ...... 1 . . . Ophioglossum vulgatum L. . . 1 ...... Orthilia secunda (L.) House . . 1 . . 1 . . . . . Padus avium Mill. . . . 1 ...... Paris quadrifolia L. . 1 1 1 1 1 1 . + + . Peucedanum oreoselinum (L.) Moench . . 1 ......
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Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. . 1 1 1 3 1 . . . . . Picea abies (L.) Karst. . 1 1 1 . 1 . . . . . Pimpinella saxifraga L. . . 1 ...... Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. 1 . 1 . . 1 . . + . . Platanthera chlorantha (Cust.) Reichenb...... 1 . . . . . Poa palustris L. . . . 1 1 ...... Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All. . . . 1 . . . . . + + Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce 1 ...... Polygonum bistorta L. . . . . 1 ...... Populus tremula L...... + . Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch. 1 . 1 . 1 1 1 . . . . Prunella vulgaris L. . . 1 ...... Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 1 1 1 . . . . 1 . . . Pulmonaria obscura Dumort...... 1 . . . . Pyrola rotundifolia L. . . 1 1 1 1 1 . . . . Quercus robur L...... 1 . . . . Ranunculus polyanthemos L. 1 ...... Ranunculus repens L. . . 1 ...... Rubus caesius L...... 1 + + . Rubus idaeus L. . 1 1 1 . . 1 3 . . . Rubus saxatilis L. 1 1 3 4 3 1 1 . . + . Salix rosmarinifolia L...... 1 . . . . . Scrophularia nodosa L...... 1 . . . . Scutellaria galericulata L. . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . Serratula tinctoria L. 1 ...... Solanum dulcamara L. . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . Solidago virgaurea L. . 1 1 ...... Sorbus aucuparia L. . 1 1 1 . . 1 1 . . . Stachys officinalis (L.) Trevis...... 1 . . . . Stellaria holostea L...... 2 . . Succisa pratensis Moench . . . . . 3 . . . . . Swida sanguinea (L.) Opiz . . . . . 1 . . . . . Thalictrum lucidum L. . . 1 ...... Thalictrum simplex L. . . 1 ...... Thelypteris palustris Schott . . 1 1 3 1 . . . . . Thyselium palustre (L.) Rafin...... 1 . . . . Tilia cordata Mill. . . 1 . . . . 1 . . + Trientalis europaea L. 1 1 1 1 1 . . 1 . . . Trommsdorfia maculata (L.) Bernh. 1 ...... Ulmus carpinifolia Rupp. ex G. Suckow ...... + + Urtica dioica L...... + .. Vaccinium myrtillus L. . 2 2 . . . 1 . . . . Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. . 1 1 . . . 1 1 . . . Veratrum lobelianum Bernh...... 1 . . + . 43
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Veronica chamaedrys L...... 1 . . . + Viburnum opulus L. . 1 1 1 .. 1 1 1 + . + Viola mirabilis L. . . 1 1 . . 1 . . + . Viola odorata L...... + Viola reichenbachiana Jord. ex Boreau ...... + . . Mosses Calliergon sp. . . . . 1 ...... Climacium dendroides Web.et Mohr . . 2 4 4 4 . . . . . Dicranum palustre Broyl.eur...... 1 . . . . . Mnium rugosum Hedw. . . 2 4 1 3 . . . . . Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt...... 1 . . . . .
Syntaxas: 1 – Vaccinio myrtilli-Quercetum roboris , 2 – Violo palustris – Alnus glutinosa , 3 – 8 - Betulo pubescenti-Piceetum , 9 - Tilio-Carpinetum , 10 - Ficario-Ulmetum minoris , 11 - Mercurialo perennis-Quercetum roboris . 1 - Dates and locations of releves: 1 - 15.06.1997, Havan forestry; 2 - 06.06.1998, Bryansk Forest Reserve; 3 - 08.06.1999, Bryansk Forest Reserve, 4 – 8 - 19.06.2002, Altuchovka forystry; 9 – 21.05.2005, forest tract ”Kinske”; 11 - 28.05.2006, forest tract “Pushkarivske”.
Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. - boreal Euroasian forest-steppe relic species, which in East Polesye is on northwest border of natural habitat. It is distributed on Caucasus, Western and East Siberia, Central Asia, Scandinavia, Average and East Europe, Mediterranean, Mongolia, China, of Japan. It is represented altay migratory genetic element of flora. D. ruyschiana is marked in Gomel rayon (Melchansky forest and Chonki villige), Rechitsa rayon (Borschovka village) of Gomel region, Gorodnya rayon (Avtunichi villige) of Chernihiv region (the data of the literature (PARPHENOV & all, 2005) and herbarium of the F. Scorina Gomel State University, Fig.2). The sites of D. ruyschiana are dated for sites of pine, deciduous woods, edge of a forest and grassy slopes. Thus, D. ruyschiana is very rare in the researched region.
Ostericum palustre (Ben). Bess – European and West-Asian species, which natural habitat is distributed on territory from subtropical up to a moderate zone: Average and East Europe, southern areas of Western and East Siberia, Northwest of Central Asia. The recent locations of O. palustre in East Polesye (Fig.3).
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Fig. 3. Distribution of Ostericum palustre (Ben). Bess. (a) and Pulsatilla patens (L) Miller (b) in East Polesye. Map symbols: 1 – frontiers, 2 – border of East Polesye. Map symbols: 1 – frontiers, 2 – border of East Polesye.
Byelorussia. Gomel region. Vetka and Dobrush rayons. Russia. Bryansk region. Navlya rayon: Sinezerki station, Altuchovka forystry (block 50), tracts Ryzhucha Swamp”, “Senovets”, “Stolby”, Prolysovo village; Suzemka rayon: Denisovka forestry (block 33), Kokorevka forestry (blocks 41, 50), between Negino villige and Nedvol’sk villige; Trubchevsk rayon: Lubozhychi villige. Ukrain e. Sumy region. Gluchov rayon: Shevchenkovo villige. Chernihiv region. Ripky rayon: Zamglai reserve; Chernohiv rayon: Kozerogi villige; Kozelets rayon: Mizhrichenski landscape park.
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Thus, O. palustre is rare in the researched region. The descriptions of phytocenosis from O. palustre share are represented on table 3. The s іyntaxas scheme of plant communities with participation of O. palustre in East Polesye is following: PhragmitI-Magnocaricetea Klika in Klika et Novak 1941 Pragmitetalia W.Koch 1926 Magnocaricion elatae W.Koch 1926 • Iridetum pseudacori Eggler 1933 Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R.Tx. 1937 Molinietalia Pawłowski 1928 Calthion R.Tx. 1937 • Scirpetum sylvatici Eggler 1933 Alnetea glutinosae Br.-Bl. et R.Tx. 1943 Alnetalia glutinosae R.Tx. 1937 Alnion glutinosae Malcuit 1929 • Carici elongatae-Alnetum W.Koch 1926 ex Tx. 1931 Carici-Betuletum pubescentis Bulochov 1991 • Betuletum humilis Fijalk. 1959
Tab. 3. The floristic structure of the plant communities with Ostericum palustre (Ben). Bess
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Cover of tree layer (%) 5 5 10 10 20 + 10 5 + 5 + 20 + Cover of brush layer (%) 60 70 40 50 50 50 60 70 60 60 8 10 2 Cover of grassy layer (%) 50 50 50 60 50 50 50 60 50 40 65 70 75 Cover of mossy layer (%) 95 95 95 90 95 95 95 80 95 90 - - - Trees Alnus glutinosa (L.) P...... + 3 + Gaertn. Betula pendula Roth + + + ...... Betula pubescens Ehrh. 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 + + . . . Brushes Alnus glutinosa (L.) P...... 1 2 1 Gaertn. Betula humilis Schrank 3 3 2 1 2 1 + 3 3 3 . . . Frangula alnus Mill. . . . + + . + + . + . 2 . Pinus sylvestris L. 2 + 1 + + . . + . . . . . Populus tremula L. . + + . + ...... Salix cinerea L. . + . 1 1 . 1 2 2 . 2 1 Salix myrsinifolia Salisb. 1 + + 1 + . + 1 . 1 . . . Salix pentandra L. 1 + + 1 1 1 1 1 + . . . . Salix rosmarinifolia L. 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 . . . Grasses Agrostis stolonifera L. + + . 1 1 1 1 . + . . . . Alisma pantago-aquatica L...... + + + Angelica sylvestris L. + + . + + + + + + + . . . 46
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Briza media L. + . . . . . + + . . . . . Calatha palustris L. + 1 . 1 1 1 1 + 1 1 . 1 + Cardamine pratensis L. + + + . . + ...... Carex acuta L...... + + 2 Carex acutiformis Ehrh...... + + . + . Carex appropinquata 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 . 1 2 . . . Schum. Carex caespitosa L. + . . . + . . + + . . . . Carex diandra Schrank 1 2 1 . . . . + . 1 . . . Carex dioica L. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 + 1 . . . Carex elongata L...... 1 . Carex flava L. + + . . . . + ...... Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. . . + . + 1 . 1 . 1 . . . Carex nigra (L.) Reichard. + + + . 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 2 2 Carex rostrata Huds. 1 1 1 1 + 1 2 . 2 2 + . + Carex vulpina L...... + 1 . Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop. + . + + . . . + . . + + . Coccyganthe flos-cuculi (L.) + . . + + . . . + . . . . Fourr. Comarum palustre L. + + + . + 1 . + 1 1 + + . Crepis paludosa (L.) + + + + + + + . . . . . Moench Dactylorhiza baltica (Klinge) + + + + + + . + . . . . . Orlova Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) ...... + Soó Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) + + + + + + + + + . . . + Soó Dactylorhiza traunsteineri ...... + + + . . . . (Saut. Ex Rchb) Soó Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) ...... + . 4 Beauv. Eleocharis palustris (L.) ...... 1 . . Roem. & Schult. Epilobium palustre L...... + . . Epipactis palustris (L.) + 1 . + + . . 1 + + . . . Crantz Eriophorum angustifolium 1 2 1 . . . + ...... Honck. Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe . . . . . + + + . . . . . Equisetum fluviatile L. + + + + + + + + + + + 2 + Festuca rubra L. s. str. + + + + + + . + + . . . . Filipendula ulmaria (L.) + + + 1 1 2 + + . 1 + 1 + Maxim. Galium palustre L. + + . + + . . . + + + + . Galium uliginosum L. + + + + + + . . . . . 1 . Geum rivale L. 1 1 1 + 1 . 1 1 . 1 . 1 . Glyceria maxima (C...... 4 . + Hartm.) Holmberg Iris pseudacorus L...... 2 1 . 47
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Lathtrus palustris L. + ...... + + Lysimachia nummularia L...... + + Lysimachia vulgaris L. . + . + + + . + + + + + + Melampyrum nemorosum L. + + . . + + . + . + . . . Menyanthes trifoliata 1 1 . . . + . + 2 1 . + . Myosotis lithaunica + ...... + . . . . (Schmalch.) Bess. Ex Dobroch. Myosotis scorpioides L. + + . . . . . + + . + + + Naumburgia thyrsiflora (L.) ...... + + + + . Rchb. Ostericum palustre (Ben). + + + + + + + + + + + + + Bess - gener 3 4 2 6 5 7 9 1 3 4 4 3 9 - veget 4 4 1 0 2 1 7 5 3 3 5 2 7 Parnassia palustris L. + + + . + . + . . + . . . Pedicularis palustris L. + . . + + . . + + . . . . Pedicularis septrum ...... + . + . . . carolinum L. Peucedanum palustre (L.) . + + . + . + + + . . + . Moench Phragmites australis (Cav.) + + . + + 1 . . + . 2 1 . Trin. ex Steud. Picea abies (L.) Karst. . . . + 1 . . + . . . . . Poa palustris L...... + . + + + Poa trivialis L. . . . . + + . . + . . . . Polemonium caeruleum L. + + + + . . + + + + + + . Polygala amarella Crantz + . + + + + ...... Polygonum bistorta L. + ...... 1 + 1 . . . Potentilla erecta (L.) Raush. + + . + 1 . + + 1 + . . . Pyrola rotundifolia L. + . + . + + ...... Ramumculus acris L. + + + + + + . . . + + . + Ranunculus repens L. + + + + + + + . . . . + + Rumex acetosa L. + + + + + + . + + + . . . Rumex hydrolapathum . . + + ...... + 1 . Huds. Scirpus sylvsticus L...... 4 Sium latifilium L...... + . . Stellaria palustris Retz. + . + . + . + + + + + . . Thalictrum lucidum L. . + . + . + . . . . . + + Thelypteris palustris Schott + . . . . . + . . 1 1 1 . Typha latifolia L...... 5 . . Valeriana officinalis L. . + + . . . . + + . + + . Viola palustris L. . . . + ...... Mosses Aulacomium palustre 2 2 3 3 4 1 3 4 4 4. . . . Bryium pseudotriquetrum . + . . 1 ...... Climacium dendroides 1 1 . 2 1 . 1 1 . 1 . . . Drepanocladus vernicosus . . . . 1 ...... 48
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Helictorichonpubescens + ...... + . . . . Helodium blandovii 1 . . . . 1 . 1 . . . . . Marshantia polymorpha + + ...... Mnium rugicum ...... + + . . . Polytrichum alpestre ...... + 1 . . . . Sphagnum warnstttorfii 1 . . . . . 1 1 . . . . . Tomenthypnum nitans 3 3 3 + 1 + 3 1 4 3 . . .
Syntaxas: 1 –-10 - Betuletum humilis , 11 - Iridetum pseudacori , 12 - Carici elongatae-Alnetum , 13 - Scirpetum sylvatici Dates and locations of releves: 1 - 10– by FEDOTOV (1999), 11 – 04.08.2003, Kozerogi villige, 12 - Shevchenkovo villige.
Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. – European, Western-Asiatic species of forest and forest-steppe zone. Its natural habitat takes place in Middle and North Europe and Western Siberia. The recent locations of Pulsatilla patens are in East Polesye (Fig.3). Byelorussia. Gomel region. Gomel and Dobrush rayons: Korenovka forestry. Russia. Bryansk region. Navlya rayon: Havan forestry blocks 32, 71), Saltanovka forestry (blocks 31, 38, 56), Scheglovka forestry (block 83); Suzemka rayon: Gavrilova Guta village, Kokorevka forestry (blocks 28, 29, 42, 43, 52), Krasnoslobodka forestry (block 7), Neginka forestry (blocks 44-46, 53, 54, 77, 82), Cholmechi forestry (blocks 43, 72, 75, 98), Bryansk Forest Reserve (block 110); Trubchevsk rayon: Zherensk forestry (blocks 35, 41-43-45, 54, 57), Bryansk Forest Reserve (blocks 5, 9, 24, 25, 27, 28, 38, 50-52, 54-56, 65, 68, 75-77, 83, 88, 93, 99, 100, 110, 118-121), Ostroluki forestry (blocks 75-77), Skripkinski forestry (blocks 2, 11), Sol’sk forestry (block 66), Holmy forestry (blocks 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 26). Ukrain e. Sumy region. Seredina-Buda rayon: Desnyansko-Starogutskyi National Natural Park; Shostka rayon; Gluchov rayon. Chernihiv region. Novgorod-Siverskyi rayon; Semenivka rayon: Orlykivka forestry, Radomka forestry; Korukivka rayon: Zhuklya forestry, Holmy forestry; Sosnitsa rayon: Chornotychi village; Korop rayon: Atusha villige; Shchors rayon: Novi Borovychi forestry, Elna forestry, Gorodnya rayon: Gorodnya forestry, Nevkla forestry, Molozhava forestry; Ripky rayon: Ripky forestry, Dobryanka forestry, Oleshna forestry, Mekshuny forestry; Chernihiv rayon: Krasne forestry; Kozelets rayon: Krasylivka forestry. Thus, P. рatens is rather rare in the researched region. We have described sites with P. рatens on territory of the Chernihiv and Bryansk regions (table 4). The s іyntaxas scheme of plant communities with participation of P. рatens in East Polesye is following: Quercetea robori-petraeae Br.-Bl. ex R.Tx. 1943 Quercetalia roboris R.Tx. 1931 Pino-Quercion Medw.-Korn. 1959
49
• Querco-Pinetum (W.Matuszkiewicz 1981) J.Matuszkiewicz 1988 Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. 1939 Cladonio-Vaccinietalia Kielland-Lund 1967 Dicrano-Pinion Libbert 1933 • Peucedano-Pinetum W.Matuszkiewicz (1962) 1973
Tab. 4. The floristic structure of the plant communities with Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill.
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cover of tree layer (%) 50 25 30 30 40 30 40 Cover of brush layer (%) 1 40 5 0 15 5 5 Cover of grassy layer (%) 60 15 20 30 45 35 25 Cover of mossy layer (%) 20 70 25 55 - 85 85 Trees Betula pendula Roth 4 1 + + + . . Betula pubescens Ehrh...... + Picea abies (L.) Karst. . . + . + . . Pinus sylvestris L. 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 Populus tremula L. + . + . . . . Brushes Betula pubescens Ehrh...... + Chamaecytisus ruthenicus (Fish. ex . . . + . + + Woł.) Klásková Frangula alnus Mill. + 4 + . 2 1 1 Picea abies (L.) Karst. . . + + . . + Quercus robur L. + . + + + + + Rubus idaeus L. + . 2 . . . . Salix caprea L. + + . . . . . Sorbus aucuparia L. . + + + + 1 1 Grasses Achillea millefolium L. + . + . . . . Agrostis tenuis Sibht. 5 . 2 . . . . Antennaria dioica (L.) Gaertn. . . . + . . . Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth + . + . . . . Betonica officinalis L. s. l. . . . + . . . Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth + . . . + + + Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth 1 2 2 3 . 2 2 Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull . . . + . + + Carex ericetorum Poll...... + . Carex hirta L. + 3 1 . . . . Carpinus betulus L. . . . . + . . Cerastium holosteoides Fries + ...... Chimaphila umbellate (L.) W. Barton + ...... Convallaria majalis L. . . + + + + + Dianthus pseudosquarrosus (Novak) . + . . . . . Klokov Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Scott + ...... 50
Dryopteris carthusina (Vill.) H. P. + + + + . . + Fuchs Euonymus verrucosa Scop. . . . + . . . Fragaria vesca L. + . + + . + . Frangula alnus Mill. + + + + + 1 1 Festuca ovina s. l. + 5 + + . 1 1 Genista tinctoria L. . + . . . . + Hieracium umbellatum L. + . + + . . . Hypericum perforatum L. + . + + . . . Koeleria glauca (Spreng.) DC . + + . . . . Koeleriagrandis Besser ex Gorski . . . . . + + Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill. . + . . . . . Luzula pilosa (L.) Willd. + + + + + + + Lycopodium annotinum L. . . . . 1 . . Lycopodium clavatum L. . + + . . + . Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F. W. + . + . . . . Schmidt Melampyrum pretense L. + . . . . 1 1 Melica nutans L. . . . + . . . Milium effusum L. + ...... Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. + ...... Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench . . . . + . . Oberna beechen (L.) Ikonn. . . . + . . . Orthilia secunda (L.) House + 1 + . . . . Peucedanum oreoselinum (L.) + + + + . 1 + Moench Pilosella officinarum F. . . . + . . . Shult.&Sch.Bip. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn . . + + + 1 . Pyrola rotundifolia L. . + . . . . . Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce + . . 1 + + + Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. + + + + . . . Quercus robur L. + . + + + + + Ranunculus acris L. . . + + . . . Rubus saxatilis L. . . . + . . . Silene nutans L. . . + . . + + Solidago virgaurea L. . . . + . + + Sorbus aucuparia L. . + . + + 1 + Stellaria holostea L. . . . . + . . Stellaria media (L.) Vill. + . + . . . . Thesium linophyllon L. . . . + . . . Thymus serpyllum L. . . . 5 . . . Tragopogon orientalis L. . . . + . . . Trientalis europaea L. . . . . 5 + . Vaccinium myrtillus L. . . + 1 4 + + Vaccinium vitis- idaea L. . + . + . 1 1 Vicia sepium L. + ...... Viola montana L. + . . + . . . Viola tricolor L. + . + . . . . Veronica chamaedrys L. + + . . . + . 51
Veronica officinalis L. . . + . . . + Mosses ...... Cl іmacium dendroides . 1 . 1 . . . Dicranum rugosum + . . . . 2 1 Dicranim scoparium . . . . . + + Mnium sp. . . . + . . . Pleurozium shreberi 2 4 3 4 . 4 4 Polytrichum commune 1 . 1 + + . . Polytrichum juniperinum 1 + 1 1 . . .
Syntaxas: 1 –- 4, 6 – 7 - Peucedano-Pinetum , 5 - Querco-Pinetum molinietosum . Dates and locations of releves: 1 – 12.07.2002, tract “Gnizdyschanska Dacha” (Gorodnya rayon); 2 -08.04.2003; Mekshuny forestry (block 33), 3- 28.04.2004, Zhukla forestry (block 78); 4 – 05.05.2004, Oleshna forestry (block 79); 5 – 07.07.2004, Orlykivka forestry (block 68); 7, 8 - 13.07.2006, Bryansk Forest Reserve.
Salvinia natans (L). All. is a relic species of the tertiary period. This water species with wide natural habitat is distributed in Caucasus, Western Siberia, Far East, Average Asia, Average and East Europe, Northern America and Northern Africa, Himalayan and Japan-Chinese botany-geographical areas. On the territory of East Polesye S. natans is marked in flood-lands reservoirs of the rivers Dnieper, Desna, Sozh, Iput in territory of the following administrative areas (fig.4). Byelorussia. Gomel region. Rechitsa, Gomel, Dobrush rayons. Russia. Bryansk region. Djatkovo, Bryansk, Vygonichi, Trubchevsk rayons. Ukrain e. Sumy region. Seredina-Buda rayon (Desnyansko-Starogutskyi National Natural Park); Shostka rayon. Chernihiv region. Novgorod-Siverskyi, Korop, Sosnitsa, Mena, Borsna, Ripky, Chernihiv, Koselets rayons; Chernihiv town. Thus, S. natans is rather rare in the researched region. The descriptions of phytocenosis from S. natans share are represented on Table 5. The s іyntaxas scheme of plant communities with participation of S. natans in East Polesye is following: Lemnetea minoris R.Tx. 1955 Lemnetalia minoris R.Tx. 1955 Lemnion minoris R.Tx. 1955 • Salvinio-Spirodeletum (polyrrhizae) Slavnic 1956 • Lemno-Salvinietum natantis Migan et R.Tx. 1960 Potametea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941 Potametalia W.Koch 1926 Nymphaeion albae Oberdorfer 1957 • Nymphoidetum peltatae Bellot 1951
52
Fig. 4. Distribution of Salvinia natans (L). All. (a) and Trapa natans L. (b) in East Polesye. Map symbols: 1 – frontiers, 2 – border of East Polesye. Trapa natans L. is a relic species of the tertiary period. This water species with wide natural habitat is distributed in Average, East and Atlantic Europe, Mediterranean and Asia Minor botany-geographical areas. On the territory of East Polesye T. natans is marked in flood-lands reservoirs of the rivers Dnieper, Desna, Sozh, Iput, Berezina in territory of the following administrative areas (Fig.4). Byelorussia. Gomel region. Rechitsa, and Znlobin rayons (between Chorne and Olba villiges); Gomel rayon (New Tereshkovichi, New Diatlovichi, Chonki villigers); Dobrush rayon; Gomel town (Ozerna Str.). Russia. Bryansk region. Djatkovo, Bryansk, Vygonichi, Zlynka, Trubchevsk rayons. Ukrain e. Sumy region. Seredina-Buda rayon (Desnyansko-Starogutskyi National Natural Park, Znob-Novgorjdske settlemen). Chernihiv region. Novgorod-Siverskyi, Korop, Borsna (lake ‘Trubyn”), Chernihiv (lake ‘Kozerogi”), Koselets (Kiyv reservoir) rayons. 53
Tab. 5. The floristic structure of the plant communities with Salvinia natans (L.) All. and Trapa natans L.
Number of plots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Cover (%) 55 35 85 90 70 75 90 95 10 65 45 60 85 95 85 85 50 75 70 100 Lemna gibba L...... 5 5 . . . . .
Lemna minor L. + 2 4 + 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 4 . 2 2 + + 1 . Lemna trisulca L. 2 + 2 + + 1 + 2 1 ...... 2 . . . . Nuphar lutea (L.) Smith ...... 1 1 . . Nymphaea alba L...... 2 + . . Nymphoides peltata (S.G.Gmel.) ...... 4 4 . . O.Kuntze Salvinia natans (L.) All. 4 2 4 . 2 2 2 + 1 5 4 5 1 . . 4 1 . 5 . - area of population (m 2) 40 100 18 . 70 25 10 16 12 4 8 14 16 . . 6 16 . 4 . 54 54 Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. 2 2 2 + 2 4 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 . . + . + + . Trapa natans L. . . . 5 ...... 2 1 . 2 + . 5 - area of population (m 2) . . . 150 ...... 75 10 . 80 200 . 900 Wolfia arrhiza (L.) horkel ex . . . 4 4 4 5 5 1 1 1 1 4 ...... Wimmer
Syntaxas: 1, 2, 6, 11, 12 Salvinio-Spirodeletum polyrrhizae ; 3, 5, 7 - 10, 13, 16, 19 - Lemno-Salvinietum natantis ; 14, 15 - Lemnetum gibbae ; 4, 20 - Trapetum natantis ; 17, 18 - Nymphoidetum peltatae . Dates and locations of releves: 1-3 - 11.08.1995, land-reclamation canal “Mlynok” ; 4 – 22.08.2001, Znob-Novgorjdske settlement, 5 – 7 – 04.09.2001, transformed former river-bed of Desna river (Chernihiv town); 8, 9 – 10.09.2002, channel of Bilous river (Chernihiv rayon), 10 – 12 - 10.09.2002, canal (Liskovitsa, Chernihiv town); 13 – 23.08.2003, land-reclamation canal “Mlynok”; 14, 15 – 29.08.2003, lake ‘Kozerogi”; 16 – 18.06.2006, flood-lands of Desna river (Sosnitsa rayon), 17- 18.08.2006, flood-lands of Desna river (Novgorod-Siverskyi rayon); 18- 19.08.2006, channel of Desna river (Novgorod-Siverskyi rayon), 19 – 29.09.2006, - flood-lands of Sozh river (border of Ukraine and Byelorussia), 20 – 05.10.2006, Kiyv reservoir.
Thus, T. natans is rather rare in the researched region. The descriptions of phytocenosis from T natans share are represented on Table 5. The s іyntaxas scheme of plant communities with participation of T. natans in East Polesye is following: Lemnetea minoris R.Tx. 1955 Lemnetalia minoris R.Tx. 1955 Lemnion minoris R.Tx. 1955 • Lemnetum gibbae Mijawaki et J.Tx. 1960 Potametea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941 Potametalia W.Koch 1926 Nymphaeion albae Oberdorfer 1957 • Trapetum natantis Th.Müller et Görs 1960 • Nymphoidetum peltatae Bellot 1951 The status of protection of plants of the Bern Convention in East Polesye is represented in the Tables 6 & 7. In East Polesye plants of the Bern Convention are quite sufficient supplied with state protection. In particular: – they are registed in the national and regional Red Data Books of Byelorussia, Russia and Ukraine, which in these countries have the status of the official legal documents; – all species, except for Dracocephalum ruyschiana , are supplied with protection on natural-protected territories of the various status.
Tab. 6. Security by protection of of plants of the Bern Convention in East Polesye at national and regional levels
State Byelorussia Russia Ukraine Level of protection national national regional national regional Botrychium multifidum RDBB - RDBBR Proposed to LRPCR RDBU (third LRPSR edition) Cypripedium calceolus RDBB RDBR RDBBR RDBU - Dracocephalum RDBB - - - LRPCR ruyschiana LRPSR Ostericum palustre RDBB - RDBBR - Proposed to LRPCR LRPSR Pulsatilla patens LPMPP - RDBBR Proposed to LRPCR RDBU (third LRPSR edition) Salvinia natans RDBB - RDBBR RDBU - Trapa natans RDBB RDBR RDBBR RDBU -
RDBB - Red Data Book of Republic Byelorussia (2005), LPMPP - List of plants and mushrooms, needy at preventive protection (2005), RDBR - Red Data Book of Russia (1988), RDBBR - Red Data Book of Bryansk region (2004), RDBU - Red Data Book of Ukraine (1994), LRPCR - List of rare plants of Chernihiv region, RLPSR - List of rare plants of Sumy region. 55
Tab. 7. Security by protection of of plants of the Bern Convention on natural-protected territories of East Polesye
State Byelorussia Russia Ukraine Botrychium - Bryansk Forest Reserve; National Natural Park “Desnyansko-Starogutskyi” multifidum landscape preserves “Skrypkinski” and “Knazhna” Cypripedium - Bryansk Forest Reserve; Reserved tracts “Volnosha” calceolus landscape reserve “Maksimovski” Ostericum - landscape preserves Landscape preserve “Zamglai”; Regional lanscape park palustre “Ryzhucha Swamp”, “Mizhrichenskyi” “Horemla”, Knazhna” Pulsatilla Biological preserves Bryansk Forest Reserve; National Natural Park “Desnyansko-Starogutskyi”; Regional 56 56 patens “Shabrynsky”, “Koshelevski” landscape preserves lanscape park “Mizhrichenskyi”; preserves “Great forest”, “Dnipre-Sozhski”, biological “Ryzhucha Swamp”, “Desna- “Rosumovska Dacha”, “Kalyno-Dubnytska Dacha” (forest) , memorials of nature “Pine- Zherenski”, “Skrypkinski”, “Verchnioesmanski” (landscape), “Myclashevschina”, trees” “Knazhna” “Trubchevsk “Volodymyrivska Dacha”, (botanical), reserved tracts Forest”; memorial of nature “Bazarchina”, Kalachivska Dacha”, Kisterska Dacha”, “Ozerki” “Dubcha”, “Borysoglibske”, “Radomska Dacha” Salvinia natans - Landscape preserve National Natural Parks “Desnyansko-Starogutskyi”; “Budimirska pojma” “Mezynskyi”; Regional lanscape park “Mizhrichenskyi”; memorials of nature “Trubin ake”, “Sviate Lake”, “Soloviove Lake” Trapa natans - Landscape preserve “Desna- National Natural Parks “Desnyansko-Starogutskyi”; Zherenski” “Mezynskyi”; memorials of nature “Trubin Lake”, “Sviate Lake”, , “Solovyiove Lake” “Vaden Lake”; “Kozerogi Lake”; botanical preserves “Obolonskyi”, “Putivskyi”
Conclusions In East Polesye there are 7 species of plants, which are given in the list of Appendix I of “Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats”; among them three forest species ( Botrychium multifidum , Cypripedium calceolus , Pulsatilla patens ), one edge-forest species (Dracocephalum ruyschiana ), one forest-marsh species ( Ostericum palustre ) and two water species (Salvinia natans , Trapa natans ). On quantity of sites in the studied region and geographical distribution the Bern Convention plants of East Polesye are divided in very rare ( Botrychium multifidum and Cypripedium calceolus ), rare ( Ostericum palustre ) and rather rare (Pulsatilla patens , Salvinia natans and Trapa natans ). Such species as Botrychium multifidum and Cypripedium calceolus are distributed in rather specific cenosis of classes Querco-Fagetea and Alnetea glutinosae. It’s rather difficult to determine their sіyntaxas belonging. Pulsatilla patens grows in atypical communities of classes Vaccinio-Piceeta and Quercetera robori-petraeae . It is obviously connected with anthropogenous transformation of natural habitates of this species. Only communities, where Salvinia natans, Trapa natans and Ostericum palustre grow, are precisely sіyntaxas determined. The sites of edge-forest species D. ruyschiana are known only by herbarium materials. The protection of plants of the Bern Convention in natural-protected territories of East Polesye is quite sufficient. Natural habitates of Pulsatilla patens, Salvinia natans and Trapa natans are supplied by protection with the greatest measure.
Acknowledgements I am very much obliged to Dr. O. Evstigneev (Bryansk Forest Reserve) for geobotanical descriptions of habitats of Cypripedium calceolus in Bryansk Forest Reserve, Dr. V. Onyschenko (N. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Acadamy) for syntaxas consultations, Ing. V. Popruga, members of Bryansk Forest Reserve and Chair of Botany of F. Scorina Gomel State University for the help in the field investigations. The author wishes thenks Mgr. I. Ryabukha for reading the English manuscript.
References
APPENDIX I. – In: Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (1979). – Bern. BULOKCHOV A.D. & SOLOMESHCH A.I. (2003): Syntaxonomy of forests of Russian South Nechernosemie. – Brynsk State University, Brynsk. [In Russian] EVSTIGNEEV O. I. & al. (2004): Red Data Book of Brynsk region. Plants. Mushrooms. – Chitaj-gorod Press, Brynsk. [In Russian]
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Received: December 13 th 2006 Revised: May 16 th 2007 Accepted: May 16 th 2007
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