DOCSLIB.ORG

Impact Assessment of Floating Houses on Water Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen in Himpenser Wielen, Leeuwarden (Netherlands)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Impact Assessment of Floating Houses on Water Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen in Himpenser Wielen, Leeuwarden (Netherlands) Freie Universität Berlin Department of Earth Sciences Institute of Geographical Sciences Master thesis Impact Assessment of Floating Houses on Water Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen in Himpenser Wielen, Leeuwarden (Netherlands) Janko Lenz Matriculation number: 4958994 Berlin, 29.01.2018 2 Impact Assessment of Floating Houses on Water Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen in Himpenser Wielen, Leeuwarden (Netherlands) by Janko Lenz in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Geographical Sciences, area of concentration “Environmental Hydrology” at the Freie Universität Berlin First Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Achim Schulte, Freie Universität Berlin Second Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ir. Floris Boogaard, Hanze University of Applied Science Groningen 3 4 Abstract Large floating structures have the potential to overcome the challenge of land scarcity in urban areas. They offer opportunities for energy and food production or even habitation. On the other hand they influence the physical and chemical characteristics and hence living conditions in the water body they are floating in. A monitoring of these impacts is needed to enable the development of building legislation on future construction projects. For the present thesis floating houses at Himpenser Wielen in Leeuwarden (Netherlands) were selected, were a measurement campaign was carried out in autumn 2017. Two multi- parameter probes were utilized for monitoring of water temperature and dissolved oxygen content. Pioneering work was a 10-day measurement under a floating house. Vertical temperature profiles were recorded to detect differences in heat transport. Additionally an underwater drone was used for investigation of mussels and macrophytes underneath the floating house. Water temperature was lower in open water compared to the area under the house, by 0.15K on average. Checked against the shaded area it was lower by 0.14K at the water bottom and 0.1K near the water surface respectively. Dissolved oxygen content was higher in open water than in shaded area, by 0.8mg/l in shallower and 2.8mg/l in greater depths. Long-term measurement has a high potential for monitoring the environmental impact of floating houses. In the presented thesis it could show diurnal cycles of water temperature and dissolved oxygen, also in greater depths. Moreover a high dependency of these parameters on weather condition was determined. Further research, taking at least one year, would show effects of floating structures on the seasonal variations of water temperature and dissolved oxygen content. Other parameters, like nutrients, should also be investigated over longer periods. In addition the development of a more suitable method for measurement under floating houses remains as a challenge. 5 Acknowledgements The author wrote his bachelor thesis about the impact of floating solar panels on the evaporation of lakes. After answering this question a new one came up: What is the impact of floating structures on water quality? During studies of Environmental Hydrology at the Freie Universität Berlin the concept for a master thesis project on this topic was developed. As solar companies only produce modules, but are not responsible for monitoring their environmental impact, the challenge arose to find a partner, who was interested in the concept and possessed the equipment for implementation. Fortunately INDYMO united both properties and accepted me for an internship. Special thanks are due to Mr. de Lima, who not only mentored me throughout this time, but was always available for exchanging knowledge and ideas. Conducting a measurement campaign at floating houses is inconceivable without the help of local residents. Of particular note are the families Luiks, de Roos and Renkema, who allowed me to fix devices on their property. 6 Content Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ 6 List of figures .......................................................................................................................... 9 List of acronyms ................................................................................................................... 12 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 14 1.1 Problem setting ......................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 Very Large Floating Structures .............................................................................................. 15 1.3 Outline of the thesis ................................................................................................................. 17 2 Current state of research .................................................................................................. 19 2.1 Theoretical background ........................................................................................................... 19 2.2 Potential impact of floating houses........................................................................................ 22 2.3 Empirical Background ............................................................................................................. 23 2.3.1 Mega-Float ......................................................................................................................... 23 2.3.2 Studies from the Netherlands ......................................................................................... 25 3 Research approach ........................................................................................................... 30 4 Own preliminary works ..................................................................................................... 31 5 Study area .......................................................................................................................... 33 6 Material and Methods ........................................................................................................ 38 6.1 Materials .................................................................................................................................... 38 6.1.1 Devices ............................................................................................................................... 38 6.1.2 Software ............................................................................................................................. 42 6.2 Methods ..................................................................................................................................... 43 6.2.1 Period A .............................................................................................................................. 43 6.2.2 Period B .............................................................................................................................. 45 6.2.3 Period C ............................................................................................................................. 46 6.2.4 Period D ............................................................................................................................. 46 7 6.2.5 Weather conditions ........................................................................................................... 48 6.2.6 Underwater images .......................................................................................................... 49 6.2.7 Calibration .......................................................................................................................... 49 6.2.8 Questionnaires .................................................................................................................. 50 7 Results ............................................................................................................................... 51 7.1 Results of period A ................................................................................................................... 51 7.2 Results of period B ................................................................................................................... 58 7.3 Results of period C .................................................................................................................. 64 7.4 Results of period D .................................................................................................................. 71 7.5 Further results........................................................................................................................... 76 7.6 Verification of hypotheses ....................................................................................................... 78 8 Discussion ......................................................................................................................... 80 8.1 Discussion of results ................................................................................................................ 80 8.2 Discussion of methods ............................................................................................................ 81 8.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 82 9 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Climate Change-Oriented Design: Living on the Reviewed 03.06.2020 Accepted 20.07.2020 Water
    JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT e-ISSN 2083-4535 Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Committee on Agronomic Sciences JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT Section of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering in Agriculture 2020, No. 47 (X–XII): 96–104 Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP) https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2020.135036 Available (PDF): http://www.itp.edu.pl/wydawnictwo/journal; http://journals.pan.pl/jwld Received 06.10.2019 Climate change-oriented design: Living on the Reviewed 03.06.2020 Accepted 20.07.2020 water. A new approach to architectural design Krystyna JANUSZKIEWICZ , Jakub I. GOŁĘBIEWSKI West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Architecture, ul. Żołnierska 50, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland For citation: Januszkiewicz K., Gołębiewski J.I. 2020. Climate change-oriented design: Living on the water. A new approach to archi- tectural design. Journal of Water and Land Development. No. 47 (X–XII) p. 96–104. DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2020.135036. Abstract The paper deals with the digital architecture concept which is trying to introduce a new spatial language into the con- text of water urbanism, using nature as a model, measure and mentor. The first part analyses Biomimetics with its design strategies and methods. The Problem-Based Approach (designers look to nature for solutions) and the Solution-Based Ap- proach (biological knowledge influences human design) are defined here. In the second part of the research, the authors present selected examples to the topic. This case study has demonstrated that a new approach to architectural design is emerging. This approach redefines the process of architectural design, understood not as the traditional shaping of the ob- ject's form, but as a compilation of various factors resulting from changeable climate characteristics and ecology.
    [Show full text]
  • The Penn Resoluton
    Ch"#$i#$ c%i&"'e ("''e)#s "#* *i&i#ishi#$ s+((%ies of i#ex(e#sive oi% )e,+i)e +s 'o *esi$# o+) ci'ies i# )"*ic"%%y *iffe)e#' w"ys. Re*+ci#$ e#e)$y +s"$e "#* c")-o# e&issio#s THE is #ecess")y 'o %i&i' $%o-"% w")&i#$, "**)ess T HE seve)e we"'he) eve#'s "#* )isi#$ se" %eve%s, P "#* f"ce 'he 'h)e"'s of )e*+c'io# of foo* E N N PENN ()o*+c'io#, %oss of -io*ive)si'y, "#* *e(e#- RESOLUT *e#ce o# +#)e%i"-%e e#e)$y s+((%ie)s. RESOLUT!ON These ()o-%e&s ")e +)$e#', $%o-"%, "#* ! ON c%ose%y %i#ke*. Thei) co#ve)$e#ce fo)ces +s Educating Urban Designers "s ()ofessio#"%s co#ce)#e* wi'h -+i%*i#$ f0r Post-Carbon Cities ci'ies 'o )e'hi#k o+) -"sic ()e&ises, &issio#, "#* visio#. !SBN: 978-0-615-45706-2 THE PENN RESOLUT !ON THE PENN RESOLUTION Educating Urban Designers for Post-Carbon Cities The University of Pennsylvania School of Design (PennDesign) is dedicated to promoting excellence in design across a rich diversity of programs – Architecture, City Planning, Landscape Architecture, Fine Arts, Historic Preservation, Digital Media Design, and Visual Studies. Penn Institute for Urban Research (Penn IUR) is a nonpro!t, University of Pennsylvania-based institution dedicated to fostering increased understanding of WE ARE NOT GOING TO BE ABLE TO OPERATE cities and developing new knowledge bases that will be vital in charting the course OUR SPACESHIP EARTH SUCCESSFULLY NOR FOR of local, national, and international urbanization.
    [Show full text]
  • FLEXIBLE ARCHITECTURE for the DYNAMIC SOCIETIES Reflection on a Journey from the 20 Century Into the Future KVI-3900 Lariss
    FLEXIBLE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DYNAMIC SOCIETIES Reflection on a Journey from the 20th Century into the Future KVI-3900 Larissa Acharya Master’s thesis in Art History Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education University of Tromsø Spring 2013 1 2 Preface The interest in flexible architecture is known worldwide. This type of architecture has been in use for centuries. From the desert tents of Bedouin and Mongolian yurts to the silvery distinctive shapes of the American Airstream trailer, flexible architecture has inspired designers around the world. With its singular characteristics of lightness, transience and practicality, the possibilities of portable, prefabricated, demountable, dynamic, adaptable, mobile structures are ever-growing. The world is changing around us. Rapidly developing building technology and new building materials bring revolutionary changes into the architectural world, allowing fantasy to float alongside imagination and produce unique results. What was unthinkable before, finds shape and develops in front of our eyes, pointing towards a different way of thinking about how we live. All these aspects of our ever changing world, along with the great speed of acceleration in the development of high technology, mean that the interest in flexible architecture is steadily increasing. This thesis investigates the study of different media and research materials that illuminate contemporary flexible architecture in the range of the last century, and touches on the futuristic perspective. It is of great interest for me as a practising architect to explore the dominant aspects of the relationships of modern urban society and flexible architecture. It is my genuine interest to follow the development of new architectural ideas in the modern society, and to study historical facts that influenced the way of interaction between society and architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • Living on the Water. a New Approach to Architectural Design 97 the Impacts of Climate Change Are Urgently Needed [ROAF Table 1
    JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT e-ISSN 2083-4535 Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Committee on Agronomic Sciences JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT Section of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering in Agriculture 2020, No. 47 (X–XII): 96–104 Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP) https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2020.135036 Available (PDF): http://www.itp.edu.pl/wydawnictwo/journal; http://journals.pan.pl/jwld Received 06.10.2019 Climate change-oriented design: Living on the Reviewed 03.06.2020 Accepted 20.07.2020 water. A new approach to architectural design Krystyna JANUSZKIEWICZ , Jakub I. GOŁĘBIEWSKI West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Architecture, ul. Żołnierska 50, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland For citation: Januszkiewicz K., Gołębiewski J.I. 2020. Climate change-oriented design: Living on the water. A new approach to archi- tectural design. Journal of Water and Land Development. No. 47 (X–XII) p. 96–104. DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2020.135036. Abstract The paper deals with the digital architecture concept which is trying to introduce a new spatial language into the con- text of water urbanism, using nature as a model, measure and mentor. The first part analyses Biomimetics with its design strategies and methods. The Problem-Based Approach (designers look to nature for solutions) and the Solution-Based Ap- proach (biological knowledge influences human design) are defined here. In the second part of the research, the authors present selected examples to the topic. This case study has demonstrated that a new approach to architectural design is emerging. This approach redefines the process of architectural design, understood not as the traditional shaping of the ob- ject's form, but as a compilation of various factors resulting from changeable climate characteristics and ecology.
    [Show full text]
  • Dryland: Artificial Islands As New Oceanscapes*
    ARTICLE .1 Dryland: Artificial Islands as New Oceanscapes* Fabrizio Bozzato Tamkang University Taiwan Climate change induced sea level rise now threatens to redraw the physical geographical map of the world, radically altering coastlines and creating new ocean areas. Not since the submersion of the legendary Atlantis has the world witnessed the actual physical disappearance of a state. The extreme vulnerability of low-lying coastal areas and islands to sea encroachment is now notorious, with the most serious threat being to the continued viability and actual existence of island states such as Tuvalu, Kiribati and the Marshall Islands. Among the likely scenarios for some of these vanishing islands countries in the course of the next century, there is the possibility that, by relocating their populations on artificial islands, they could continue having some sort of status analogous to statehood even if they were to lose all territory. As some political leaders in the Pacific Islands Region have already suggested, such man-made structures could become alternative human habitats for landless island peoples. This paper argues that the idea of using artificial islands as new national territories and / or futuristic human habitats is noteworthy, and yet to be taken under consideration by both the scientific and political communities. artificial islands and structures; climate change; vanishing island countries; environmental refuges * With special thanks to the Taiwan Society for Pacific Studies Journal of Futures Studies, June 2013, 17(4): 1-16 Journal of Futures Studies 島 (Island) “Dryland is not a myth. I’ve seen it!” [The Mariner, Waterworld] “A map of the world that does not include Utopia is not worth even glancing at, for it leaves out the one country at which Humanity is always landing.” [Oscar Wilde, The Soul of Man Under Socialism] Introduction: Dryland and New Atlantis In Kevin Reynolds’ 1995 film Waterworld, set an unspecified number of years into the future, the polar caps have melted and (almost) the whole planet is submerged by the oceans.
    [Show full text]
  • Green Buildings and Plugging the Gaps in Environmental Laws
    Green Buildings and Plugging the Gaps in Environmental Laws Stanley A. Millan* I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 43 II. TRENDS ............................................................................................... 45 III. CLIMATE CHANGE—OUTDOOR AIR .................................................. 47 IV. INDOOR ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................... 52 V. WATER EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY ................................................... 54 VI. WASTE REDUCTION ............................................................................ 55 VII. POLICY CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................. 56 VIII. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................... 59 I. INTRODUCTION Green buildings are not just cloaked as an architect’s dream, an engineer’s challenge, an accountant’s tax credit, or a contract claim for attorneys. They have emerged from those technical black boxes and stand as building blocks for a better environment. They can address gaps in the law and should be part of innovative environmental and safety compliance. It is time to make that broader green building-compliance gap connection. To be sure, there are technical standards to be aware of. They are noted as concepts in this Article, but everything is new at some point, such as the intricacies of electronic discovery to litigators. In short, this Article addresses the question
    [Show full text]
  • A Critical Appraisal of Off-Land Structures: a Futuristic Perspective
    Civil Engineering and Architecture 2(9): 323-329, 2014 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/cea.2014.020903 A Critical Appraisal of Off-land Structures: A Futuristic Perspective Gaurav Sarswat, Mohammad Arif Kamal* Department of Architecture, Aligarh Muslim University, India *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Copyright © 2014 Horizon Research Publishing All rights reserved. Abstract There will be crisis of land leading to the need to evolution and development of floating structures from of development of the infrastructure for residential, our past to present and finally the authors presents different commercial, industrial & agricultural use due to exponential types of design methodology with which these ideas can be growth in population, current and projected. The implemented. metropolitan cities are developing at a very high rate and the expecting rise in population is putting pressure on these Keywords Population Explosion, Land Shortage, cities to grow further by expanding their boundaries Off-land Structures, Coastal Metropolitan continuously. But in the case of cities like Mumbai, Chennai and international coastal cities, the sea is behaves like a boundary for urban settlement, resisting its further expansion. This situation has produced challenges for urban planners to deal with lack of space and demand for basic 1. Introduction amenities. In such condition coastal metropolitans, oceans can be used to develop the floating form of satellite towns, The earth contains all kind of resources to sustain life and urban pockets & structures as a coastal expansion of city need of all human beings, plants & animals. But it is greed of boundaries due to the enormous flexibility and limitless humans which is exploiting these resources to fulfill their possibilities which water offers.
    [Show full text]
  • Airoldi EU Parliament Web.Pptx
    LAURA AIROLDI University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, I-48121, Ravenna, Italy e-mail: [email protected] Developing ecosystem-based solutions for resilient European harbours and coastal waterfronts 8 February 2017, EuroMarine Blue Science Blue Growth, European Parliament Outline • Changing coasts: trends and impacts of marine urban sprawl in Europe • What can we do for the future? Design with nature: challenges and opportunities • Research gaps and future needs Blue Science for Blue Growth Photo L. Airoldi Marine Urban Sprawl in Europe Photo G. Benelli >50% shoreline modified by hard engineering, port infrastructure and marinas, coastal defences, aquaculture facilities and offshore platforms Sprawl growing globally from 3.7% yr–1 (harbour space) to 28.3% yr–1 (offshore renewable energy production) Photo L. Airoldi LILYPAD - Floating ecopolis for climate refugees, Oceans 2008-2017, World In Europe 50 m people live in low- elevation coastal zones with increasing need for coastal protection © Denis Lacroix, Ifremer and Malo Lacroix (Source: Lacroix and Pioch, 2011, p.133). Cities are investing in “green” spaces but these efforts usually fail toRural consider “blue” marine and estuarine Urban environments as integral to the urban landscape Parc Diagonal Mar and surrounding development https://pricetags.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/ http://www.architecturelist.com/2012/03/01/ diagonal-mar-master-plan-2.jpg new-helsinki-waterfront-by-dcpp-arquitectos/ OBSTACLES } Limited awareness } Limited knowledge } Limited technologies Photo L. Airoldi
    [Show full text]
  • Nature's Toolbox: Biodiversity, Art & Invention" Executive Director, Art Works for Change EXHIBITION OVERVIEW
    NATURE’S TOOLBOX Biodiversity, Art & Invention BACKGROUND “Nature’s Toolbox” is an innovative traveling exhibition featuring contemporary artworks from around the world across a wide range of media. It is an engaging, informative, and entertaining exhibition that links nature’s bounty to our everyday challenges. It is a celebration of both biodiversity and human ingenuity. Earth is home to an estimated 10 to 20 million species, but only a fraction are known and scientifically classified. The interdependence among organisms and their environments sustains the conditions needed for survival by all living creatures: clean air and water, crop pollination, pest control, climate regulation, soil nutrients, and a diversity of plants and creatures, among other things. These links aren’t commonly understood and, as a result, the importance of biodiversity is undervalued by most people. Species are disappearing at an alarming rate, claiming individual genes and entire ecosystems — and, along with them, the blueprints for a healthy planet and all who live here. Some ecologists predict that half of all mammals and birds could be extinct within the next century, with similar loses in plants, marine life, and other species. Each loss carries with it a missing piece of life's intricate puzzle and the benefits it brings to human well-being. ”Nature’s Toolbox” aims to light a path between our everyday activities and the loss of species and biodiversity. It will show how biodiversity contributes to the quality of our lives through health, climate, energy, culture, design and sustenance. Its goal is to demonstrate the potential to harness nature's designs to build a future in which human needs are met in harmony with nature.
    [Show full text]
  • A Floating Community for Egypt
    UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA DE MADRID Floating Structures as a Means of Safeguarding Coastal Urbanizations Sovereignty Against the Rising Seas: A Floating Community for Egypt Doctoral Thesis Ahmed Ashraf Mohamed ElShihy, Architectural Engineer, and Master’s in Advanced Architecture and City Planning 2019 INTERDEPARTAMENTAL ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA DE MADRID Floating Structures as a Means of Safeguarding Coastal Urbanizations Sovereignty Against the Rising Seas: A Floating Community for Egypt Author: Ahmed Ashraf Mohamed ElShihy, Architectural Engineer, and Master’s in Advanced Architecture and City Planning Thesis Director: José María Ezquiaga Domínguez, Ph.D. Architect 2019 Tribunal nombrado por el Magnifico y Excelentísimo Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid el día………………………de………………………de 2019. Presidente D. ……………………………………….……………………… Vocal D. ……………………………………….……………………… Vocal D. ……………………………………….……………………… Vocal D. ……………………………………….……………………… Secretario D. ……………………………………….……………………… Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la tesis el día……………………… de………………………de 2019 en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid. Calificación: ……………………………………….……………………… EI PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EI SECRETARIO ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my director and tutor, Prof. Dr. José María Ezquiaga Domínguez for your guiding and support throughout this thesis. You have set a great example of excellence as a researcher, mentor and tutor. I would like to give a special thanks to my family for the love and support they have provided me. In particular, I would like to thank and dedicate this Ph.D. thesis to my father and role model Prof. Dr. Ashraf Mohamed El Shihy, Minister of Higher Education and Minister of Scientific Research of Egypt, and my mother Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Energy in the Ecopolis Sara C Bronin, University of Connecticut
    University of Connecticut From the SelectedWorks of Sara C. Bronin June, 2015 Energy in the Ecopolis Sara C Bronin, University of Connecticut Available at: https://works.bepress.com/bronin/18/ Copyright © 2015 Environmental Law Institute®, Washington, DC. Reprinted with permission from ELR®, http://www.eli.org, 1-800-433-5120. FROM THE 2015 AALS ANNUAL MEETING Energy in the Ecopolis by Sara C . Bronin Sara C . Bronin is Professor of Law at the University of Connecticut . I. Introduction natural ecosystems . And cities’ explosive growth predicted for the next several decades will necessitate urban adapta- Climate change, resource scarcity, and environmental tion and response . By 2014, over one-half of the world’s population already lived in cities3; the United Nations degradation demand a paradigm shift in urban develop- 4 ment . Currently, too many of our cities exacerbate these predicts that by 2050, two-thirds will . In real numbers, the urban population will increase by 2 5. billion people problems: they pollute, consume, and process resources in 5 ways that negatively impact our natural world . Cities of by 2050 . Experts agree that we are experiencing the most the future must make nature their model, instituting circu- rapid population growth in human history, which may yield potentially catastrophic impacts on both the environ- lar metabolic processes that mimic, embrace, and enhance 6 nature . In other words, a city must be a regenerative city or, ment and on human quality of life . Even with the popula- as some say, an “ecopolis ”. 1 tion as it stands today, global cities are hardly sustainable, Why focus on cities? Cities hold the greatest promise for much less regenerative .
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Selected Housing Environments Formy Zamieszkania Ludzi W Przyszłości – Analiza Wybranych Koncepcji Środowisk Mieszkaniowych
    TECHNICAL TRANSACTIONS 12/2018 ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING DOI: 10.4467/2353737XCT.18.176.9664 SUBMISSION OF THE FINAL VERSION: 26/11/2018 Łukasz Kamil Mazur orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-4446 [email protected] Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Science and Technology Living in the future – analysis of selected housing environments Formy zamieszkania ludzi w przyszłości – analiza wybranych koncepcji środowisk mieszkaniowych Abstract Futuristic concepts of housing environments show people, how it will be possible to live in the near future. These projects inspire engineers, scientists and researchers who bring modern technologies to life. It seems that technology is the key to solving the problems that humanity faces today. Housing environments need a new interpretation adapted to contemporary people who are looking for a new quality of living. In the article, the author will characterize futuristic visions of housing in the future, based on their location: on land, underground, in the air, under or on water. Keywords: housing environment, residential complexes, futuristic architecture, the quality of housing in the future, city of the future Streszczenie Futurystyczne koncepcje środowisk mieszkaniowych przybliżają odbiorcom, w jaki sposób będzie możliwe zamieszkiwanie Ziemi w przyszłości. Projekty inspirują inżynierów, naukowców i badaczy, którzy wprowadzają do życia nowoczesne technologie. Wydaje się, że technologia jest kluczem do rozwiązania współczesnych problemów ludzkości. Środowiska mieszkaniowe potrzebują nowej interpretacji dostosowanej do współczesnych ludzi, którzy poszukują nowej jakości zamieszkania. W przedstawionym artykule autor scharakteryzuje współczesne wizje sposobu zamieszkiwania w przyszłości, ze względu na ich lokalizację: na lądzie, pod ziemią, w powietrzu, pod lub na wodzie. Słowa klucze: środowiska mieszkaniowe, architektura futurystyczna, jakość mieszkaniowa w przyszłości, miasto przyszłości 23 „My interest is in the future because I am going to spend the rest of my life there.” Charles Kettering [10, p.
    [Show full text]