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Chapter One: Postwar Resentment and the Invention of Middle America 10
MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Jeffrey Christopher Bickerstaff Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________________ Timothy Melley, Director ________________________________________ C. Barry Chabot, Reader ________________________________________ Whitney Womack Smith, Reader ________________________________________ Marguerite S. Shaffer, Graduate School Representative ABSTRACT TALES FROM THE SILENT MAJORITY: CONSERVATIVE POPULISM AND THE INVENTION OF MIDDLE AMERICA by Jeffrey Christopher Bickerstaff In this dissertation I show how the conservative movement lured the white working class out of the Democratic New Deal Coalition and into the Republican Majority. I argue that this political transformation was accomplished in part by what I call the "invention" of Middle America. Using such cultural representations as mainstream print media, literature, and film, conservatives successfully exploited what came to be known as the Social Issue and constructed "Liberalism" as effeminate, impractical, and elitist. Chapter One charts the rise of conservative populism and Middle America against the backdrop of 1960s social upheaval. I stress the importance of backlash and resentment to Richard Nixon's ascendancy to the Presidency, describe strategies employed by the conservative movement to win majority status for the GOP, and explore the conflict between this goal and the will to ideological purity. In Chapter Two I read Rabbit Redux as John Updike's attempt to model the racial education of a conservative Middle American, Harry "Rabbit" Angstrom, in "teach-in" scenes that reflect the conflict between the social conservative and Eastern Liberal within the author's psyche. I conclude that this conflict undermines the project and, despite laudable intentions, Updike perpetuates caricatures of the Left and hastens Middle America's rejection of Liberalism. -
Richard Nixon's Drug War: Politics Over Pragmatism
Richard Nixon's Drug War: Politics over Pragmatism Edmund Carlton April 20, 2012 Abstract: This thesis is an historical observation Richard Nixon's role as the instigator of America's Drug War. This Drug War is a war fought both against international drug smugglers and America's own citizens. This thesis will summarize some major trends of the politicization of the drug issue and give an in-depth analysis of how race played a role in both winning Richard Nixon the presidency in 1968 as well as how that victory has inflected itself back on to the American race dynamic. This thesis will utilize the substantial wealth of academic publications on the subject and will serve as a survey of sorts of the major drug politic academia discussing the years 1967-1972. I will also be utilizing films from this era in order to illustrate the social and race dynamic that were being negotiated in post-Civil Rights Act America. This thesis will utilize two primary documents from Richard Nixon, a Reader's Digest article from October, 1967, and a pivotal message to Congress given on July 14th, 1969 which accompanied the proposal of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act which was passed a year later in 1970. Table of Contents Introduction P. 3 THE RELEVANT HISTORY OF DRUGS IN FILM p. 8 Its Racial Implications p.13 THE RHETORICAL PRE-AMBLE TO RICHARD NIXON's PRESIDENTIAL p.15 CAMPAIGN: The Reader Digest article "What Has Happened to America" White Backlash p. 22 RICHARD NIXON'S PIVOTAL MESSAGE TO CONGRESS p. -
AFTD News Spring 2021
Volume XVIII, Issue 1 Spring 2021 Newhouse and Holloway Gifts to Advance AFTD’s Mission dedicated to making the journey easier for other families. Mr. Newhouse created The Donald and Susan Newhouse Fund with a gift of $20 million, the largest single donation in AFTD’s nearly two-decade history. The Fund is named in honor of his late wife, who died of FTD, as did Mr. Newhouse’s Donald and Susan Newhouse brother, Si. Lee and Kristin Holloway AFTD is grateful to announce the Kristin Holloway has created The Fund will accelerate and deepen the creation of two new funds, supported Holloway Family Fund, supported by an organization’s work across our mission by generous gifts from Board members, initial gift of $2 million and with a plan areas of research, support, education, that will help AFTD expand, innovate, to donate $1 million each year for an awareness, and advocacy. The gift is and drive our mission to create a future additional eight years. The fund aims to unrestricted, and will be allocated after free of FTD. further the understanding of FTD; drive planning by Board and staff. In its scope basic, clinical and translational research; and generosity, it will empower AFTD The Board members, Donald E. and accelerate the path toward effective to deepen and broaden the vision of Newhouse and Kristin Holloway, have treatments and cures. our current strategic plan (available both had their lives unalterably affected online at theaftd.org/strategic-plan). by the disease, and are passionately The Donald and Susan Newhouse (Continued on page 5) INSIDE THIS ISSUE FTD Disorders Registry Announces Spotlight on.. -
A Constitutional Amendment Legalizing Marijuana Through an Article V Convention of the States
University of Massachusetts Law Review Volume 16 Issue 2 Article 2 A Breath of Fresh Air: A Constitutional Amendment Legalizing Marijuana Through an Article V Convention of the States Ryan C. Griffith, Esq. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.umassd.edu/umlr Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, Criminal Law Commons, and the Food and Drug Law Commons Recommended Citation Griffith, Esq., Ryan C. () "A Breath of Fresh Air: A Constitutional Amendment Legalizing Marijuana Through an Article V Convention of the States," University of Massachusetts Law Review: Vol. 16 : Iss. 2 , Article 2. Available at: https://scholarship.law.umassd.edu/umlr/vol16/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship Repository @ University of Massachusetts School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Massachusetts Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarship Repository @ University of Massachusetts School of Law. A Breath of Fresh Air: A Constitutional Amendment Legalizing Marijuana Through an Article V Convention of the States Ryan C. Griffith, Esq. 16 U. MASS. L. REV. 275 ABSTRACT Criminal enforcement of anti-marijuana laws by the United States federal government has been non-sensical for more than twenty years. Culminating, ultimately, in an anomaly within American jurisprudence when California legalized marijuana in 1996 in direct violation of federal law, yet the federal government did little to stop it. Since then, a majority of states have followed California and legalized marijuana. Currently, thirty-six states and the District of Columbia have legalized medical marijuana despite federal law. Every year billions of dollars are spent on the federal enforcement of anti-marijuana laws while states collect billions in tax revenue from marijuana sales. -
Nixon Tapes Show Root of Marijuana
1 CSDP Research Report March 2002 Nixon Tapes Show Roots of Marijuana Prohibition: Misinformation, Culture Wars and Prejudice Declassified Oval Office tapes from 1971-1972 effects of marijuana and other drugs and recommend demonstrate that the foundation of marijuana appropriate drug policies. Congress acknowledged it criminalization is misinformation, culture war and lacked reliable information about marijuana in particular prejudice. The release of the newest set of tapes and wanted the commission to advise it on where to coincides with the 30th Anniversary of the National place it in the Controlled Substances Act as well as on Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse (“the Shafer other marijuana policies.4 Commission”) appointed by President Nixon, and highlights the discrepancy between Nixon’s personal President Nixon appointed Governor Raymond P. Shafer agenda and his Commission’s highly researched of Pennsylvania, a former prosecutor known as a “law recommendations. and order” governor, to head the Commission. The bipartisan panel included a congressman and senator The most important recommendation of the Commission from each party, as well as, nine people appointed by was the decriminalization of possession and non-profit Richard Nixon including the dean of a law school, the transfer of marijuana. Decriminalization meant there head of a mental health hospital, and a retired Chicago should be no punishment – criminal or civil – under state police captain.5 or federal law.1 The day before the Commission released its report President Nixon told Bob Haldeman: “We The Shafer Commission conducted the most extensive need, and I use the word ‘all out war,’ or all fronts . -
Extensions of Remar.Ks
July 8, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23329 EXTENSIONS OF REMAR.KS BRIGHT FUTURE FOR NORTHEAST the Commonwealth, the Department of Com With a good reputation for action it is diffi ERN PENNSYLVANIA munity Affairs and the Department of Com cult to slow the momentum of a winner. merce wm benefit the northeast and other And it has not been done With magic, With regions as they work in the seventies. rabbits in a ha.t--not by any one local, state HON. HUGH SCOTT Once a Bureau within the Department of or federal agency, but with the combined ef Commerce, the Department of Community forts of responsible people, hardworking, OF PENNSYLVANIA Affairs has blossomed into an effective backed by substantial private investment- IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES agency for direct involvement in vital areas with faith, dimes, dollars, of people who be Wednesday, July 8, 1970 that have mushroomed into prominence in lieved it could be done. recent years. I believe it is an unheralded Specifically, the pace was set Dy successful Mr. SCO'IT. Mr President, on June 6, blessing for the citizens of the Common industrial expansion and relocation pro 1970, the secretary of commerce of Penn wealth of Pennsylvania to have such close grams. PIDA activity in a seven county area sylvania, Hon. William T. Schmidt, de cooperation and such common dedication of northeastern Pennsylvania resulted in 241 livered a speech to the conference of the among the personnel of two organiz.a.tions loans in the amount of $58,760,000 since 1956 that can provide so much assistance to them. -
Calm Before the Storm - Q's Q's
Calm Before the Storm - Q's q's EXTRA ANSWERS (UNLOCKED, POST Confidence (Low, Mid, question # UPDATED Q QUESTIONS (CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER) ANSWERS (LOCKED) EXTRA ANSWERS (LOCKED) HERE) High) OCTOBER 29, 2017 According to Tripcode Q https://archive.4plebs.org/pol/thread/148790098#p148790685 LEGEND: SHORT, FACTUAL ANSWERS PLEASE, WITHOUT CONFIDENCE LEVEL WILL the below is his questions. MI - Miitary Intelligence TONS OF CONSPIRACY-LINKS/TIE-INS or NOW ONLY CAUSE THE DNI - Director of National Intelligence (also: ODNI) SOURCES SUCH AS ALEX JONES. SOURCES QUESTION NUMBER CELL TO https://archive.4plebs.org/pol/thread/148777785#p148782302 NSA - National Security Agency (US) NEED TO BE NORMIE-PALATABLE PLEASE CHANGE COLORS (INSTEAD IMAGE COMPILATION OF ALL OF Q'S VERIFIED POSTS IS ATTACHED TO THIS CIA - Central Intelligence Agency (US) OF ENTIRE ROW) FOR THE ROW. SIS - Secret Intelligence Service (also known as MI6) THIS IS FOR THE MEME MAGICIANS TO MAKE PEOPLE PRINTING THE -IT WILL BE KEPT UPDATED AS SOON AS A NEW ONE IS MADE AFTER MI5 - British Military Intelligence ?? FOR NORMIES. SHEET OUT TRIPCODE Q POSTING MI6 - British Military Intelligence ?? 1 https://img.4plebs.org/boards/pol/image/1510/46/1510468725387.jpg BO/BHO - Barak Hussein Obama draw.io HRC - Hillary Rodham Clinton WJC - William (Bill) Jefferson Clinton ANONS - PLEASE DON'T PUT ONLY PHOTOS IN DJT - Donald John Trump, US President THE OPEN COLUMNS, I'M UNABLE TO MOVE POTUS - President Of The United States THEM TO ANOTHER, EVEN IF THEY A JOHN M - John McCain, American Senator RELEVANT/GOOD. PLEASE POST A DIRECT LINK CF - Clinton Foundation WITH AN EXPLANATION OF WHAT IT IS _WITH_ THE PHOTO. -
US Mainstream Media Index May 2021.Pdf
Mainstream Media Top Investors/Donors/Owners Ownership Type Medium Reach # estimated monthly (ranked by audience size) for ranking purposes 1 Wikipedia Google was the biggest funder in 2020 Non Profit Digital Only In July 2020, there were 1,700,000,000 along with Wojcicki Foundation 5B visitors to Wikipedia. (YouTube) Foundation while the largest BBC reports, via donor to its endowment is Arcadia, a Wikipedia, that the site charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and had on average in 2020, Peter Baldwin. Other major donors 1.7 billion unique visitors include Google.org, Amazon, Musk every month. SimilarWeb Foundation, George Soros, Craig reports over 5B monthly Newmark, Facebook and the late Jim visits for April 2021. Pacha. Wikipedia spends $55M/year on salaries and programs with a total of $112M in expenses in 2020 while all content is user-generated (free). 2 FOX Rupert Murdoch has a controlling Publicly Traded TV/digital site 2.6M in Jan. 2021. 3.6 833,000,000 interest in News Corp. million households – Average weekday prime Rupert Murdoch Executive Chairman, time news audience in News Corp, son Lachlan K. Murdoch, Co- 2020. Website visits in Chairman, News Corp, Executive Dec. 2020: FOX 332M. Chairman & Chief Executive Officer, Fox Source: Adweek and Corporation, Executive Chairman, NOVA Press Gazette. However, Entertainment Group. Fox News is owned unique monthly views by the Fox Corporation, which is owned in are 113M in Dec. 2020. part by the Murdoch Family (39% share). It’s also important to point out that the same person with Fox News ownership, Rupert Murdoch, owns News Corp with the same 39% share, and News Corp owns the New York Post, HarperCollins, and the Wall Street Journal. -
Medical Marijuana the War on Drugs and the Drug Policy Reform Movement
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ FROM THE FRONTLINES TO THE BOTTOM LINE: MEDICAL MARIJUANA THE WAR ON DRUGS AND THE DRUG POLICY REFORM MOVEMENT A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction Of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in SOCIOLOGY by Thomas R. Heddleston June 2012 The Dissertation of Thomas R. Heddleston is approved: ____________________________________ Professor Craig Reinarman, Chair ____________________________________ Professor Andrew Szasz ____________________________________ Professor Barbara Epstein ___________________________________ Tyrus Miller Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Thomas R. Heddleston 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter I: The History, Discourse, and Practice of Punitive Drug Prohibition 38 Chapter II: Three Branches Of Reform, The Drug Policy Reform Movement From 1964 To 2012 91 Chapter III: Sites of Social Movement Activity 149 Chapter IV: The Birth of Medical Marijuana In California 208 Chapter V: A Tale of 3 Cities Medical Marijuana 1997-2011 245 Chapter VI: From Movement to Industry 303 Conclusion 330 List of Supplementary Materials 339 References 340 iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 2.1: Major Organizations in the Drug Policy Reform Movement by Funding Source and Organizational Form 144 Table 3.1: Characteristics of Hemp Rallies Attended 158 Table 3.2: Drug Policy Organizations and the Internet 197 Figure 4.1: Proposition 215 Vote November 1996 241 Table 5.1: Political Opportunity Structures and Activist Tools 251 Table 5.2: Key Aspects of Political Opportunity Structures at 3 Levels of Government 263 Figure 5.1: Medical Cannabis Dispensaries by Region and State 283 iv ABSTRACT Thomas R. Heddleston From The Frontlines to the Bottom Line: Medical Marijuana the War On Drugs and the Drug Policy Reform Movement The medical marijuana movement began in the San Francisco Bay Area in the early 1990s in a climate of official repression. -
Syracuse University S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications Fall 2007 Vol
SyracuSe univerSity S.i. newhouSe School of Public communicationS fall 2007 vol. 19 no. 3 SyracuSe univerSity S.i. newhouSe School of Public communicationS fall 2007 vol. 19 no. 3 Dean in this issue: David M. Rubin Executive Editor Dean’s Column 1 Wendy S. Loughlin G’95 Newhouse III Dedication 2 Editor Carol L. Boll Year of the First Amendment 6 Contributors Jean Brooks First Amendment Scholars Program 7 Rob Enslin Shavon S. Greene ’10 2 Newhouse in New York 8 Kathleen Haley ’92 Jason Levy G’07 Agatha Lutoborski ’08 Executive Education 9 Kevin Morrow Christy Perry TRF Semester Study 10 George Thomas G’07 Nhouse Productions 11 Photography Steve Sartori Images of the South Side 12 Graphic Design Elizabeth Percival 7 Emergency Preparedness 14 Assistant Dean of External Relations Student News 15 Lynn A. Vanderhoek ’89 Mirror Awards 16 Office of External Relations Ivory Tower Goes Statewide 17 315-443-5711 Web Site Envi Magazine 17 newhouse.syr.edu 8 Faculty Briefs 18 On the cover: Newhouse III “ribbon-cutting” Lauren Pomerantz ’03 20 participants (from left) Stephanie Rivetz ’08, S.I. Newhouse Jr., William Kagler ’51 22 Victoria Newhouse, U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts Jr., Chancellor Class Notes 23 Nancy Cantor, Donald Newhouse, Susan Newhouse, and Dean David Rubin 9 Newhouse III is now open. Students are finding their • Scholarship assistance. We are increasingly coziest hideaways for studying and socializing. The competing for students with Ivy League schools favorite food items at Food.com are becoming clear. and others with much larger endowments. To Faculty members and students are learning their way remain competitive for these students, we need around the new experimental newsroom. -
The Evolution of Popular Culture and the Legal Treatment of Marijuana
The Chronic 2013: The Evolution of Popular Culture and the Legal Treatment of Marijuana November 12, 2013 Owen M. Panner Inn of Court 1906 - Pure Food and Drugs Act Requires Labeling of Medicine, Including Cannabis Label for Piso's Cure, a cannabis-based medicine, after the passage of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act Source: antiquecannabisbook.com (accessed Dec. 12, 2011) "[O]n 30 June 1906 President Roosevelt signed the Food and Drugs Act, known simply as the Wiley Act... The basis of the law rested on the regulation of product labeling rather than pre-market approval." US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) "FDA History - Part I," FDA website (accessed Dec. 28, 2011) "An Act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes... That for the purposes of this Act an article shall also be deemed to be misbranded... if the package fail to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of any alcohol, morphine, opium, cocaine, heroin, alpha or beta eucaine, chloroform, cannabis indica, chloral hydrate, or acetanilide, or any derivative or preparation of any such substances contained therein." Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) , National Center for Biotechnology Information website, June 30, 1906 Source: http://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/view.timeline.php?timelineID=000026 1911 - Massachusetts Becomes First State to Outlaw Cannabis "Bolstered by Progressive Era faith in big government, the 1910s marked a high tide of prohibitionist sentiment in America. In 1914 and 1916, alcohol prohibition initiatives would make the state ballot. -
Solving Social Crises by Commissions Normally Everthing Goes Well in Our World
Reich: Solving Social Crises by Commissions Normally everthing goes well in our world. But at night when we are sleeping, sometimes things go wrong. Army ants invade the camp; leopards may come in and steal a hunting dog or even a child. If we were awake these things would not happen. So when something big goes wrong, like illness or bad hunting or death, it must be because the forest is sleeping and not looking after its children. So what do we do? We wake it up. We wake it up by singing to it, and we do this because we want to awaken happy. Then everything will be well and good again. Colin Turnbull, The Forest People ''The report of the Commissionels," said Washington in his sixth address to Congress, 1'·"marks their Solving Social Crises firmness and abilities and must unite all virtuous men." The first commission to deal with a social crisis in America had by Commissions recommended that the President send troops into western Pennsylvania to end the Whiskey Rebellion. As a cartoon of the day put it, sending 15,000 troops into the Allegheny and Monongahela River valleys against a few farmers for the collection of such a small tax was like swatting flies with a meat axe. 2 But social order was at stake; and that commission, like the.scores of crisis commissions which were to follow it, provided the chief executive with a strategy for restoring the commonweal while assuring the public that the problem could, in fact, be handled. Whenever this nation experiences the kind of social crisis that challenges the capacity of its institutions to handle disorder, a commission of distinguished citizens is asked to probe the causes of the crisis and recommend solutions.