S ummary of Plots in the Lake Eyre

Basin

2010 - 2016

Cravens Peak Reserve, QLD

Acknowledgments

TERN AusPlots Rangelands gratefully acknowledges the staff of the numerous properties both public and private that have helped with the work and allowed access to their land. AusPlots Rangelands also acknowledges the staff from the 4 state and territory governments who have provided assistance on the project. Thanks also to the many volunteers who helped to collect, curate and process the data and samples.

Contents

Introduction ...... 1 Accessing the Data ...... 3 Point intercept data ...... 3 collections ...... 3 Leaf tissue samples ...... 3 Site description information ...... 3 Structural summary ...... 3 Leaf Area Index ...... 3 Basal area ...... 4 Soil classification ...... 4 Soil meta barcoding samples ...... 4 Soil bulk density ...... 4 3D photo panorama ...... 4 Regional Context ...... 6 Uses of AusPlots Data from the Lake Eyre Basin ...... 10 Opportunities for Integrated Ecological Analysis across Inland with Standardised Data from Ausplots Rangelands ...... 10 Floristic and structural assessment of Australian rangeland vegetation with standardized plot based surveys ...... 10 The extent of forest in dryland biomes ...... 10 Herbarium Collections ...... 10 For more information ...... 11 Appendices ...... 12

Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from Lake Eyre Basin ...... 12 Appendix 2. Sites by Major NVIS Major Vegetation Group ...... 12 Appendix 3. Sites by River Basin ...... 13 Appendix 4. Sites by Regolith ...... 14 Appendix 5. Plot locations ...... 15 Appendix 6. Co-Location and Revisits ...... 20 Appendix 7. Point intercept data ...... 22 Appendix 8. Substrate and growth form ...... 23 Appendix 9. Structural Summary ...... 23 Appendix 10. Soil Charaterisation ...... 23 Appendix 11. Plant collection ...... 24

Introduction Beginning in September 2010, AusPlots, part of the Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network (TERN), undertook surveys in the Lake Eyre Basin. The surveys involved vegetation and soils work following the AusPlots Rangelands methodology, with 162 plots completed. The plot is part of over 580 plots completed nationally. Figure 1 shows the national AusPlots plot network, and Figure 2 shows the locations of the plots in the Lake Eyre Basin.

This report provides a snapshot of some of the data which was collected during the survey work. A more detailed description of the methods used can be found online in our AusPlots Rangelands Survey Protocols Manual (White et al. 2012), available from our website www.AusPlots.org.

Figure 1. AusPlots plot network LandSat Image used courtesy of the Commonwealth Department of the Environment

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Figure 2. AusPlots Rangelands plot locations in the Lake Eyre Basin Topographic data copyright Geoscience Australia

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Accessing the Data All of the data the AusPlots collects is freely available online through the AEKOS data portal at www.aekos.org.au. It can also be viewed on the Soils to Satellites website which contains a range of useful visualisations sourced from the Atlas of Living Australia. At http://www.soils2satellites.org.au/.

Point intercept data The point intercept method is a straightforward method that is readily repeatable and requires little instruction to produce reliable plot information. It provides accurate benchmark data at each plot including substrate type and cover; as well as species structural information such as growth form, height, cover and abundance and population vertical structure. The demographic information produced at each plot can be compared spatially to indicate plot differences, and temporally to indicate change over time. Additionally, the cover data collected at each plot can be used to validate cover data extrapolated through remote sensing techniques.

Plant collections Each species that is found within the plot has a herbarium grade sample taken. These have all been formally identified by the state herbarium where they were collected. Much of the material is then lodged at these Herbaria or at the AusPlots facility in Adelaide.

Leaf tissue samples All of the above samples also have leaf tissue samples taken. This involves placing leaf samples from each species into a cloth bag and drying them on silica desiccant. All of the dominant species have an extra 4 samples collected. These samples are available for use on application to AusPlots facility in Adelaide. They are able to be used for genetic analysis, isotopic composition and range of other uses.

Site description information Contextual information is also collected at each plot. This includes measures of slope an aspect, surface strew and lithology, and information on the grazing and fire history of the site. The plots location is also recorded with a differential GPS and the plot corners and centres (with landholder permission) marked with a star picket.

Structural summary Detailed structural summary information is also collected at each plot. When combined with the height and cover information from the point intercept data it enables the creation of structural description compatible with and NVIS level 5 description.

Leaf Area Index In plots where a mid and/or upper canopy is present a measure of Leaf Area is recorded. The tool used is an LAI- 2200 and it captures LAI measurements in a range of canopies using one or two sensors attached to a single data logger (LI-COR 1990). The LAI data has a range of potential application such as studies of canopy growth, canopy productivity, woodland vigour, canopy fuel load, air pollution deposition, modelling insect defoliation, remote sensing, and the global carbon cycle.

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Basal area Basal area measurements are collected across plots where woody biomass is taller than 2 m. Basal area measurements provide information useful for calculating biomass and carbon levels and for structural studies. The wedge aperture, the length of string – 50 cm (and hence the distance from the eye and subsequent angle from the eye to the edges of the wedge aperture) and species count are all important in calculations. Algorithms developed for use with the basal wedge include the above data to calculate plant basal area on a per hectare basis even though species are counted outside the one-hectare plot area. The method is plotless but used because it is based on the concept of circles (trunks/basal area) within circles (circular plots) – the area of one varies proportionally to the change in the area of the other. Use of the basal wedge may be superseded by further improvement of the 3D photo point method and development of algorithms to provide information on vegetation community structure.

Soil classification Description of soils, including basic information on the information that has been recorded, the number of recordings and the coverage of locations, are generally poor across the rangelands region of Australia. The plot descriptions and soil characterisations collected by AusPlots will substantially alleviate this paucity of information. The data collected can also be used to increase the reliability of the rangelands component of the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia, produced by the TERN facility consistent with the Global Soil Map specifications. Analyses of the collected samples will greatly enhance the level of knowledge (e.g. nutrient and carbon levels) and hence understanding of rangelands soils and how they will respond to climate change and management options. It is hoped to eventually be able to analyse all nine of the soil pits from within the plot using a number of different methods e.g. wet chemistry, MIR or NIR (mid infrared spectrometry or near infrared spectroscopy) either individually to provide a measure of variation of the parameter being measured across a plot or bulked together and a sub-sample extracted and analysed to provide a mean value for that parameter across a plot.

Soil meta barcoding samples Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. Soil metagenomics provides the opportunity to understand what organisms are present at survey plots and provides an indication on their abundance. The collection techniques result in a bias towards higher order organisms. The AusPlots in the Lake Eyre Basin all have soil meta barcoding samples collected.

Soil bulk density The soil bulk density (BD), also known as dry bulk density, is the weight of dry soil divided by the total soil volume. The total soil volume is the combined volume of solids and pores which may contain air or water, or both. The average values of air, water and solids in the sample are easily measured and are a useful indication of a soils physical condition. Soil test results are most often presented either as a percentage of soil (e.g. % organic carbon) or as a weight per unit of soil (e.g. nitrogen, mg/kg). As bulk density is a measure of soil weight in a given volume, it provides a useful conversion from these units to an area basis unit (e.g. t/ha). The resulting number gives an easily understandable idea of the carbon storage or nutritional status of the soil on an area basis.

3D photo panorama AusPlots uses a three-dimensional method for photographing the site. This involves taking three 360-degree panoramas in a triangular pattern. This allows for the creation of a 3D model of the vegetation within the plot which can be used to monitor change over time, track plot condition as well as providing a unique, fast measurement of basal area and biomass. A subset of these photo panoramas is shown below.

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Plot NTAFIN0001 Pre-Fire 2011

Plot NTAFIN0001 Post-Fire 2013

Plot NTAFIN0001 Post-Fire 2016

QDAMGD0001 2013

QDAMGD0028 2014

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Regional Context

Figure 3. Protected Areas Landsat image: © Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia), CAPAD 2014 © Commonwealth of Australia

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Figure 4. Land tenure NVIS MVG © Commonwealth of Australia (Department of Environment)

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Figure 5. Mean annual temperature Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Australia.

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Figure 6. Mean annual precipitation Climate Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Australia.

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Uses of AusPlots Data from the Lake Eyre Basin The AusPlots survey method was developed out of a dire need for consistent, national scale ecological data and surveillance monitoring. To date, we have completed over 530 survey plots across the continent. The data and samples collected from these surveys are being used in a range of ways to allow comparisons across the state and the continent. Some of the projects that have made use of the data and samples from Lake Eyre Basin site are listed below.

Opportunities for Integrated Ecological Analysis across Inland Australia with Standardised Data from Ausplots Rangelands (Greg Guerin)

How species abundance distributions (SADs) vary over climatic gradients is a key question for the influence of environmental change on ecosystem processes. Greg Guerin is a researcher based at the University of Adelaide. He first set up the plots some of the plots in the Lake Eyre Basin prior to the AusPlots visit. Greg has undertaken analysis on the entire plot network (Including Lake Eyre Basin) He has found linear relationships between SAD shape and rainfall within grassland and shrubland communities, indicating more uneven abundance in deserts and suggesting relative abundance may shift as a consequence of climate change, resulting in altered diversity and ecosystem function.

Floristic and structural assessment of Australian rangeland vegetation with standardized plot based surveys (Zdravko Baruch)

Vegetation classification at a continental scale has been lacking over the rangelands in Australia due to a lack of consistent data beyond state and regional levels. Zdravko undertook an integrated and comparative environmental, floristic and structural description of rangeland vegetation based on the AusPlots Surveys. His results offer a tentative classification scheme that is novel, ecologically sound and coherent in terms of floristic composition and structural attributes.

The extent of forest in dryland biomes (Jean-Francois Bastin) The vegetation cover data from Lake Eyre Basin was also part of a recent mapping project undertaken by the Food and Agriculture arm of the UN. They were able to show that in 2015, 1327 million hectares of drylands had more than 10% tree-cover, and 1079 million hectares comprised forest globaly. Their estimate is 40 to 47% higher than previous estimates, corresponding to 467 million hectares of forest that have never been reported before. This increases current estimates of global forest cover by at least 9%.

Herbarium Collections The AusPlots program works very closely with state and national herbaria to help augment their collections to enable research and to better understand species distributions. Located in valuable areas of native vegetation, the plant collections made in the Lake Eyre Basin have been eagerly accepted by the state and National Herbarium. These specimens are currently being professionally mounted and preserved and will form a permanent part of their collection, which is available to botanical researchers globally to support ongoing research.

10 Some other applications that may be undertaken in the future are listed below.

• Assessing vegetation change using the AusPlots methodology as both a baseline and a continued surveillance monitoring tool. • Detecting the impact of invasive species based on soil and vegetation data. • Ground-truthing satellite derived vegetation and soil data • Soil carbon analysis using the soil bulk density samples • Mapping soil phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients using soil pit and subsite samples • Assessing fuel loading using the basal area and leaf area data. • Use of the leaf tissue samples for genetic and isotopic analysis.

For more information More information on the AusPlots facility can be found on our website www.AusPlots.org

For more information regarding the survey work on the Lake Eyre Basin and assistance downloading and utilising the data from AEKOS and Soils2Satellites contact Emrys Leitch, AusPlots Field Survey Officer, [email protected]

For more information regarding the AusPlots facility, contact Ben Sparrow, AusPlots Director, [email protected]

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Appendices

Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from Lake Eyre Basin

AusPlots Data and Samples Count

Leaf Tissue Samples 7654

Plant Collections 6699

500g Soil samples 4695

Number of Point intercept transects 1620

Soil Meta barcoding samples 1386

Soil Bulk Density Measurements 367

Plots with Point intercept data 162

Plots with Description information 162

Plots with Structural Summary Information 162

Plots with Leaf Area Index Measurements 49

Plots with Basal Area Measures 45

Appendix 2. Sites by Major NVIS Major Vegetation Group

Number NVIS Major Vegetation Group of Plots Tussock Grasslands 36 Chenopod Shrublands, Samphire Shrublands and Forblands 29 Eucalypt Open Woodlands 18 Other Shrublands 15 Acacia Shrublands 15 Acacia Forests and Woodlands 15 Hummock Grasslands 10 Acacia Open Woodlands 5 Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands 4 Mallee Open Woodlands and Sparse Mallee Shrublands 4 Eucalypt Woodlands 3 Casuarina Forests and Woodlands 1

12 Appendix 3. Sites by River Basin

Number River Basin Name of Plots 43 LAKE FROME 42 GEORGINA RIVER 20 TODD RIVER 19 COOPER CREEK 18 DIAMANTINA RIVER 16 HAY RIVER 4

13 Appendix 4. Sites by Regolith

Number of Regolith Class Regolith AusPlots Bare rocks, scattered dunes, variable stone & gravel pavement, some gilgai with soils in the moderately weathered bedrock depressions, sandy banks & channels 31 Aeolian sand overlying finer sediments of alluvial or lacustrine origin. Sands grade from red to aeolian sand yellow & white from N to S; white sands are more common close to drainage ways 30 Silcrete capping to the tableland, some block laterite on breakaways; calerete-capped terraces, mound spring deposits; gibber covered bahadas; aeolian & residual quartz sand; minor alluvial, moderately weathered bedrock colluvial & lacustrine deposits 14 Deep clay soils, alluvium. Occasional outliers of silicified Tertiary sandstone,& areas of deeply very highly weathered bedrock weathered Mesozoic rock 13 Nodular ,prismatic silcretes; ferricretes, calcretes, commercial quality opal; gilgai; desert armour; hardpans; deep weathering profiles; ferruginized & calcreted scarp exposures with highly weathered bedrock pallid zones & duricrusts; porcellanitic cemented sediments. Evaporites 12 Bare rock; some alluvium & colluvium (sand,silt & clay); less common dune sand & some sand mantles. Calcreted gravels derived from silcreted deposits & probably equate with Ripon terrestrial sediments Calcrete. Younger Telford gravels (Middle Pleistocene) 10 Deeply weathered Cretaceous sediments - includes Morney & Canaway Deep Weathering Profiles, Curalle Silcrete Profile. Overlain by deeply weathered sediments of Tertiary very highly weathered bedrock Glendower or Eyre Formation with silcrete capping 8 Alluvium & residual sand deposits over part of area; some stone covered ridges; surface soil terrestrial sediments covered with chert gravels; stony pavements; soils underlain by red-brown hardpan 5 aeolian sand Silcrete, dune sands, clay pans; ferruginous & aluminous duricrust 4 alluvial sediments Alluvium, reworked in places into aeolian dunes 4 A mantle of stones & gravels covers the soil surface. Silcrete on tableland remnants; alluvial lag sand & some gravel 4 Aeolian sand, fine lacustrine & alluvial deposits. Probably overlies duricrusts & weathered rock aeolian sand similar to that found in the Haddon unit 3 Clayey alluvium, agglutinated into sand-sized grains when transported. Overlies weathered Tertiary Whitula Formation (mildly silicified & ferruginised),& the Tertiary Glendower alluvial sediments Formation which has a silcrete capping 3 residual clay Deep weathered residual clays from weathering of underlying carbonates 3 aeolian sand Dune sand; sheet sand; outwash from broad alluvial channels 3 Deeply weathered bedrock (Morney & Canaway Profiles),silcrete (Curalle Silcrete Profile),& very highly weathered bedrock ferruginous duricrust. Weathered Tertiary fluvial sediments (Eyre or Glendower Formations) 3 terrestrial sediments Tertiary Springvale Formation is silicified & iron-stained in part 2 Some weathered rock, bare rock & sand mantles; dune sands & alluvial sand,silt & clay; stone terrestrial sediments covered plains; some gilgai effects. Evaporites (gypsum & halite) 2 Stony downs/piedmont alluvial plains. In east plains are broad with clay pans,saline soils,swamps & intermittent lakes; also some isolated tracks of dunes. Piedmont plains often terrestrial sediments have stony pavement. In west, stony downs & dissected piedmont plains. 2 Duricrust - mainly ferruginous, but may be siliceous in part (Stewart,1954, describes silicified very highly weathered bedrock mottled & pallid zones). The weathered profile is up to 24m thick with a 2m ferruginous crust 1 alluvial sediments Fine alluvium (black soil) 1 Grypcreted tableland, dune sand; alluvial sand silt clay & gravel; kopi dunes & low ridges; terrestrial sediments halite; claypans 1 residual sand Residual sand, overlying silicified Weirite beds, overlying duricrusted Winton Formation 1 Sand mantles over bare rock; alluvial sands, silts & clays; evaporites (gypsum halite,some aeolian sand calcrete development); siliceous & ferruginous duricrusts 1 alluvial sediments Alluvial & residual sand & silt; aeolian sand 1

14 Appendix 5. Plot locations

Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

NSABHC0015 05-Feb-13 Mundi Mundi Station, 5.5km north north east of homestead.15.5km north west of 141.05925 -31.83394 Silverton

NSABHC0016 06-Dec-13 Mundi- Mundi Station, 5.7 km north north east of homestead. 16.2km north west of 141.06142 -31.83406 Silverton.

NSABHC0017 07-Feb-13 Peak Hill Station, 3.5km south west of Umberumberla Reservoir. 5.5km north west of 141.19263 -31.84339 Silverton

NTAFIN0001 22-Oct-13 Owen Springs Reserve. 63 km South west of 133.46792 -24.1243

NTAFIN0002 23-Sep-11 Central Waterhouse Range, Owen Springs Reserve. 50km West of Alice Springs 133.43431 -24.00942

NTAFIN0003 24-Sep-11 Owen Springs Reserve. Main Channel of Hugh River 1km north of Redbank 133.47701 -24.1322 Waterhole. 60km South West of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0004 06-Oct-11 Top of James Range, Owen Springs Reserve . 73km South West of Alice Springs 133.37637 -24.18724

NTAFIN0005 05-Oct-11 James Range, Owen Springs reserve. 75 km South West of Alice Springs. 133.37394 -24.1965

NTAFIN0006 07-Oct-11 North of James Range. Owen Springs Reserve. 73km South West of Alice Springs. 133.3794 -24.17759

NTAFIN0007 12-Oct-11 Calcareous rise north of Waterhouse Range, Owen Springs Reserve. 52km South west 133.43604 -23.94119 of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0008 13-Oct-11 Western edge of Hugh River floodplain, north of Waterhouse Range, Owen Springs 133.41549 -23.93063 Reserve. 53km West south west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0009 17-Oct-11 North of James Range. Owen Springs Reserve. 68km South West of Alice Springs. 133.3909 -24.12802

NTAFIN0010 18-Oct-11 North of James Range. Owen Springs reserve. 70 km South West of Alice Springs 133.3733 -24.13329

NTAFIN0011 20-Oct-11 North of James Range. Owen Springs Reserve. 75 km South West of Alice Springs 133.32718 -24.16188

NTAFIN0012 04-Nov-11 North of Bacon Range, Northern edge of Henbury Meteorite Crater Reserve, Henbury 133.1421 -24.56923 Station. 120km South West of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0013 05-Nov-11 5 km North of Henbury Meteorite Crater Reserve. 115 km South of Alice Springs 133.18457 -24.54154

NTAFIN0014 07-Nov-11 5.2 km North East of Henbury Meteorite Crater Reserve. 116 km South West of Alice 133.16954 -24.53091 Springs

NTAFIN0015 08-Nov-11 Northern edge of Finke River, 4.5 km North West of Henbury Homestead. 110km 133.22283 -24.5157 South West of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0016 09-Nov-11 Chandler Range. On Northern slope, close to Cotton Bush Bore , 9.5 km north east of 133.30297 -24.48437 Henbury Station. 103km South West of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0017 29-Nov-11 Alalgara Waterhole, Finke River, 7km SE of Running Waters, Henbury Station. 120km 132.96029 -24.37749 South west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0018 30-Nov-11 Hill slope, northern edge of Finke River floodplain. 5km SE of Running Waters, 132.94944 -24.36466 Henbury Station. 119km South west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0019 01-Dec-11 Henbury Station. Northern edge of Finke River floodplain 4km SE of Running waters. 132.93575 -24.35818 119km South west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0020 07-Dec-11 Dunefield between Bends of Finke River 20 km SE of Henbury Homestead, Henbury 133.40169 -24.66857 Station. 116km South South west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0021 08-Dec-11 4km East of Finke river. 25km South East of Henbury homestead, Henbury Station. 133.46387 -24.67202 115km South South west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0022 09-Dec-11 16km South of Chandler Range on track to Rockhole Bore, Henbury Station. 111km 133.45218 -24.63119 south south west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0023 10-Dec-11 4 Km South of Chandler Range on track to Rockhole bore, Henbury Station. 105 km 133.43736 -24.55977 south south west of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0024 13-Feb-12 North edge of Finke river floodplain. 18 km NNW of Idracowra Homestead, Idracowra 133.6592 -24.91757 Station. 136 km south of Alice Springs

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Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

NTAFIN0025 14-Feb-12 100m from Ghan Railway line. North of main Charlotte Range. 28km NNW of 133.67646 -24.81836 Idracowra Homestead, Idracowra Station. 125 km South of Alice Springs

NTAFIN0026 14-Mar-12 Old Man Plain research Station 26.5km South South West of Alice Springs. Track into 133.75058 -23.83673 Mulga dam

NTAFIN0027 26-Mar-12 Old Man Plain research Station 29km South West of Alice Springs. 1.5km South East 133.6333 -23.83573 of Mt Ertwa

NTAFIN0030 24-Oct-12 Umbeara Station 22km South South East of Umbeara Homestead. 5.5km North of 133.78124 -25.94811 SA/NT Border

NTAFIN0031 25-Oct-12 Umbeara Station 26.5km South East of Umbeara Homestead. 11km North of SA/Not 133.89659 -25.89989 Border

NTAFIN0032 01-Nov-12 Old South Road 28km South South East of Alice Springs 133.92255 -23.95377

NTAFIN0033 06-Nov-12 Old South Road 38km South South East of Alice Springs 133.97176 -24.03366

NTAMAC0001 06-Oct-14 Owen Springs Reserve.60km south west of Alice Springs. 133.37226 -23.96596

NTAMAC0002 08-Oct-14 Owen Springs Reserve. 55km south west of Alice Springs 133.40351 -23.96173

NTAMAC0003 07-Oct-14 Owen Springs Reserve. 11km south west of ranger station. 54km south west of Alice 133.40861 -23.95911 Springs

NTAMGD0001 13-Mar-14 Soudan Station. 83km West south west of Camooweal. 137.32714 -20.02305

NTAMGD0002 12-Mar-14 Soudan Station about 84kms west of Camooweal. Close to Six Mile Creek on western 137.32673 -20.02468 side, north of Barkly Highway.

NTASSD0001 18-Aug-12 Sand dune on Eastern side of Colson Track, 88km west of Old homestead. 136.3067 -25.3089 .

NTASSD0002 19-Aug-12 Colson Track. 102km east north east of Andado homestead. 175km east north east of 136.29399 -25.2874 Finke community

NTASSD0003 20-Aug-12 Colson Track, 88km west of Old Andado homestead. Simpson Desert. 136.2985 -25.29855

NTASSD0004 21-Aug-12 Colson Track, 86km west of Old Andado homestead, Simpson Desert. 136.27467 -25.25248

NTASSD0005 18-Sep-12 Western side of Colson Track, 27km North of SA/NT border. Simpson Desert. 136.54546 -25.75478

NTASSD0006 18-Sep-12 Swale on left of Colson Track, 27km North of SA/NT border. Simpson Desert. 136.54659 -25.75395

NTASSD0007 19-Sep-12 Western side of Colson Track, 24km North of SA/NT border. Simpson Desert. 136.56306 -25.78427

NTASSD0008 19-Sep-12 Crown land, Colson Track. 134km south east of Andado homestead. 200km east south 136.56168 -25.77944 east of Finke community

NTASSD0009 22-Sep-12 Eastern side of Colson Track, 63km North west of Mac Clark conservation park, 34 km 136.00996 -24.7825 SE of Allitra tableland.

NTASSD0010 23-Sep-12 Colson Track, 63km North west of Mac Clark Conservation Park, 37 km SE of Allitra 136.01977 -24.79352 Tableland. Second sand dune East of Colson Track.

NTASSD0011 19-Mar-13 Andado station, 19km west south west of Station homestead. 55km east north east 135.11561 -25.4801 of Finke community

NTASSD0012 20-Mar-13 20km south west of Andado Homestead. 55km east north east of Finke community 135.11621 -25.50277

NTASSD0013 20-Mar-13 About 20km south west of Andado Homestead. 56km east of Finke community 135.14 -25.5236

NTASSD0014 23-Mar-13 About 15kms southwest of Mac Clarke Conservation Reserve. 93km north east of 135.3712 -25.13742 Finke community

NTASSD0015 24-Mar-13 2km north of east bore. 10km east of Mac Clark Conservation Reserve. 115km north 135.61729 -25.12348 east of Finke Community

NTASSD0016 22-Mar-13 Mac Clark Conservation Reserve. 107km north east of Finke Community 135.50849 -25.10966

NTASSD0017 21-Mar-13 5km south west of Andado Homestead. 67km east north east of Finke Community 135.25892 -25.47614

NTASSD0018 01-Jan-13 Mac Clark Conservation Reserve, Andado station. 107km north east of Finke 135.52313 -25.12748 Community

NTASSD0019 25-Mar-13 20 km west of Mac Clarke Conservation Reserve on Andado Station. 118km north 135.64128 -25.09396 east of Finke community

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Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

QDACHC0001 22-Apr-13 125km SW of Longreach on Lochern National Park. Site on top of existing QPWS 143.2573 -24.1046 monitoring site

QDACHC0002 24-Apr-13 Noonbah Station 2.6km south west of Homestead. 133km south west of Longreach 143.16916 -24.12596

QDACHC0003 23-Apr-13 Noonbah Station, 2.3km west south west of Homestead. 133km SW of Longreach 143.1649 -24.11637

QDACHC0004 18-May-13 Diamantina National Park , margins of Diamantina River. 141.09186 -23.71878

QDACHC0005 19-May-13 Diamantina Lakes National Park, 8km north west of homestead. 182km south east of 141.0723 -23.72167 Boulia,

QDACHC0006 20-May-13 Diamantina Lakes National Park about 500 meters west of ranger base. 141.1335 -23.76945

QDACHC0007 20-May-13 Diamantina Lakes National Park. 16km north west of homestead. 165km south east of 141.02909 -23.83569 Boulia.

QDAMGD0001 17-Apr-13 9km south south east of Longreach on Rosebank station. 144.22589 -23.52077

QDAMGD0002 18-Apr-13 Rosebank Station.7.5km South west of Longreach 144.22604 -23.50948

QDAMGD0003 20-Apr-13 Rosebank Station.10kms southeast of Longreach 144.30346 -23.53083

QDAMGD0004 19-Apr-13 Rosebank station. 10km South of Longreach 144.34171 -23.51407

QDAMGD0005 19-Apr-13 Rosebank Station. 10.5km south east of Longreach. 144.33329 -23.51774

QDAMGD0006 20-Apr-13 Whitehills station 3.2kms south south west of homestead. 32km south west of 144.04189 -23.66471 Longreach

QDAMGD0007 21-Apr-13 Whitehills station, 27.9km south west of Longreach 144.09494 -23.65817

QDAMGD0008 21-Apr-13 Whitehills Station. 28.7kms south west of Longreach. 144.07498 -23.64601

QDAMGD0009 22-Apr-13 Lochern National Park about 3kms west north west of Ranger station. 143.3365 -24.09417

QDAMGD0010 23-Apr-13 Lochern National Park, edge of Thompson river. 117km south west of Longreach. 143.35342 -24.09121

QDAMGD0011 22-Apr-13 Lochern National Park, about 8kms north of ranger station. Approximately 117km 143.31518 -24.08063 south west of Longreach.

QDAMGD0012 26-Apr-13 Idalia National Park 10km north east of ranger station, close to entry gate 144.82361 -24.82182

QDAMGD0013 14-May-13 1km east of Bladensburg Homestead. 15km south of Winton. 143.05023 -22.51618

QDAMGD0014 14-May-13 Bladensburg National Park, about 1kmSW of ranger base. 143.0252 -22.50515

QDAMGD0015 15-May-13 11km south of Bladensburg homestead. 26km south of Winton 143.05817 -22.56293

QDAMGD0016 15-May-13 Bladensburg National Park about 14kms east of ranger base. 143.13988 -22.50896

QDAMGD0017 04-Jun-13 Daintree Station. Approximately 40km north of Winton. 143.29942 -22.11497

QDAMGD0018 16-May-13 Daintree Station. 40km north of Winton 143.33717 -22.11818

QDAMGD0019 17-May-13 Cathedral Hills station 8.7km south south east of homestead. 61km SE of Kynuna 142.23181 -22.07012

QDAMGD0020 04-Jun-13 Cathedral Hills Station about 10 km south of homestead. 59km south east of Kynuna 142.22301 -22.0636

QDAMGD0021 18-May-13 Mackunda Downs Station. 1km east of homestead. 26km West of Middleton. 141.29988 -22.3808

QDAMGD0022 04-Jun-13 Mackunda Downs Station, 500m east of homestead. 26km west of Middleton. 141.28729 -22.36874

QDAMGD0023 21-May-13 Diamantina Lakes National Park. 16 km north west of ranger station. 160km south 140.98664 -23.68724 west of Boulia.

QDAMGD0024 21-May-13 Diamantina National Park .15kms northeast of ranger station. 141.00374 -23.64642

QDAMGD0027 10-Mar-14 Camooweal Caves Conservation Park. 17.4km south south west of Camooweal 138.17456 -20.06959

QDAMGD0028 11-Mar-14 Camooweal commonage. 3.8km South west of Camooweal. 138.09865 -19.94917

QDAMII0002 11-Mar-14 Camooweal Caves Conservation Park. 10.5km south west of Camooweal. 138.16057 -20.00791

QDAMUL0001 26-Apr-13 Idalia National Park. 15 km North of Ranger Station. 144.68344 -24.73365

QDAMUL0002 28-May-13 Northern section of Idalia National Park in Acacia shirleyi woodland on tertiary 144.70158 -24.73814 remnant.

QDAMUL0003 26-Apr-13 61km SE of Issiford on Idalia NP 144.70832 -24.75512

QDASSD0001 30-Apr-14 Ethabuka Station. 10.7 km north of homestead 138.47652 -23.76407

17

Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

QDASSD0002 01-May-14 Ethabuka Reserve. 9.8km west north west of Ethabuka homestead 138.3897 -23.82772

QDASSD0003 01-May-14 Ethabuka reserve. 7.9km west north west of Ethabuka homestead 138.40742 -23.83157

QDASSD0004 02-May-14 Ethabuka Reserve. 20.4 km north north west of Ethabuka homestead 138.43377 -23.68013

QDASSD0005 02-May-14 Ethabuka reserve. 18.7km north north west of Ethabuka homestead. 138.441 -23.69444

QDASSD0006 03-May-14 Ethabuka Reserve. 38.8km west of Ethabuka homestead 138.09842 -23.87954

QDASSD0007 05-May-14 Ethabuka Station. 39km west of Ethabuka homestead 138.09642 -23.88049

QDASSD0008 04-May-14 Ethabuka reserve. 36.8km west south west of Ethabuka homestead 138.13699 -23.95415

QDASSD0009 04-May-14 Ethabuka reserve. 36.5 km south west of Ethabuka homestead 138.14098 -23.96731

QDASSD0010 05-May-14 Ethabuka Reserve. 50.8 km west north west of Ethabuka homestead 138.00038 -23.73103

QDASSD0011 07-May-14 Cravens peak reserve. 50km north west of Carlo homestead 138.22608 -23.23663

QDASSD0012 07-May-14 Cravens peak reserve. 44km west north west of Carlo homestead 138.25225 -23.34451

QDASSD0013 07-May-14 Cravens Peak Reserve. 48 km north west of Carlo homestead. 138.22603 -23.29419

QDASSD0014 08-May-14 Cravens Peak Reserve. 59km north west of Carlo homestead 138.16729 -23.17579

QDASSD0015 08-May-14 Cravens Peak Reserve. 56km north west of Carlo homestead 138.19309 -23.18808

SAAFLB0030 13-Aug-13 Witchelina Reserve, about 6kms northwest of homestead. 79km north west of 138.01513 -29.97839 Lyndhurst

SAAFLB0031 13-Aug-13 Witchelina Reserve, about 15kms northwest of homestead. 82km north west of 137.95456 -29.97148 Lyndhurst

SAASTP0001 27-Jun-12 Hamilton Station. 177km South East of Kulgera. Just West of Western boundary of 134.9992 -26.27817 Witjira National Park. Drive along fence from boundary gate.

SAASTP0002 28-Jun-12 Witjira National Park. West of Blood Creek Bore. 179km South East of Kulgera 135.01559 -26.27461

SAASTP0003 29-Jun-12 Witjira National Park. West of Blood Creek Bore. 184km South East of Kulgera. Plot 135.07296 -26.2739 approx.. 100m north of track.

SAASTP0004 01-Jul-12 Witjira National Park. Finke River Channels. 217km East South East of Kulgera 135.4522 -26.08815

SAASTP0005 02-Jul-12 Witjira National Park. Finke River Channels. 214km East South East of Kulgera 135.4235 -26.09591

SAASTP0006 08-Aug-12 Spring Creek Delta, Witjira National Park. 38km east north east of Dalhousie 135.8738 -26.33934 campground. 154km south east of Finke community.

SAASTP0007 09-Aug-12 Spring Creek Delta. 135.81659 -26.35504

100 - 200 m. South of track from Dalhousie Springs to Purni Bore. 150km South East of Finke Community

SAASTP0008 10-Aug-12 Spring Creek Delta. 149km South East of Finke Community 135.78876 -26.36888

SAASTP0009 11-Aug-12 Witjira National Park. 141km South East of Finke Community 135.70463 -26.35025

SAASTP0010 12-Aug-12 Gibber Plain 10 km NE Dalhousie Springs. 132km South East of Finke Community. 135.58171 -26.36668 Drive in from north off main track approximately 500 m.

SAASTP0011 13-Aug-12 5 km. South of Dalhousie Springs. 131km South East of Finke Community. 400 m. 135.45765 -26.4805 West of track .

SAASTP0012 14-Aug-12 Witjira National Park. 500 m East of NP Southern access gate. 142km South East of 135.43373 -26.6228 Finke Community

SAASTP0013 15-Aug-12 Admudreedmana water hole. 10km from - Witjira National Park. 131km 135.30739 -26.57411 South East of Finke Community

SAASTP0014 13-Sep-12 Macumba Station. 119km South East of homestead. 123km south east of Oodnadatta 136.64937 -27.86115

SAASTP0015 12-Sep-12 South east corner Macumba Station. 126km South East of Oodnadatta 136.67834 -27.86568

SAASTP0016 14-Sep-12 South east corner Macumba Station. 121km South East of Oodnadatta 136.62992 -27.83497

SAASTP0018 16-Sep-12 5 km East of old Umbum Bore, South central 'The Peak' Station. 53km North North 136.42838 -28.43343 East of William Creek.

18

Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

SAASTP0019 09-Sep-12 The Peak Station. East of Umbum in South Central " The Peak Station. 55km North 136.4813 -28.4196 North East of William Creek

SAASTP0020 18-Sep-12 The Peak Station. East of old Umbum in the South Central " The Peak" Station. 53km 136.45881 -28.43764 North North East of William Creek

SAASTP0021 18-Sep-12 East of Old Umbum, in Southern Central " The Peak" Station. 59km North North East 136.53291 -28.40248 of William Creek

SAASTP0022 17-Oct-12 West boundary of Mt Barry Station 2km East of Evelyn Downs. 61km South East of 134.536 -28.20561 Cadney Park Roadhouse. Located 18 km west of Michaels Bore, along Evelyn Downs boundary fence.

SAASTP0023 18-Oct-12 Mount Barry Station. 57km South East of Cadney Park Roadhouse. 5 km east of 134.58495 -28.20895 Mount Barry Stations western boundary with Evelyn Downs Station, 600 m. north of road between the two stations.

SAASTP0024 19-Oct-12 Arckaringa Plateau. 90km East South East of Cadney Park Roadhouse. Southern edge 134.97388 -27.99411 of Arckaringa plateau

SAASTP0025 20-Oct-12 Arckaringa Plateau. 65 km South West of Oodnadatta 134.97132 -27.95972

SAASTP0026 20-Oct-12 91km East North east of Cadney Park Roadhouse. Off Oodnadatta Highway, 20km to 134.89221 -27.78888 Goorikiana Dam to Ambitious Dam, then 5.5 km. to plateau.

SAASTP0027 21-Oct-12 Painted Hills Plateau Arckaringa Station. 80 km North East of Cadney Park Roadhouse. 134.84373 -27.73726 On main track towards Wurley Hole ( Dam).

SAASTP0028 21-Oct-12 Painted Hills Plateau. Arckaringa Station. 80.5 km North East of Cadney Park 134.84461 -27.71057 Roadhouse

SAASTP0029 23-Oct-12 The Old Peake Paddock. 103km North North West of William Creek 135.86146 -28.0871

SAASTP0030 19-Aug-13 Station, about 30kms north of homestead and 160kms northeast of 139.17988 -29.2902 Lyndhurst.

SAASTP0031 20-Aug-13 Murnpeowie Station about 35kms north of homestead and about 160kms northeast 139.17557 -29.27698 of Lyndhurst.

SAASTP0032 20-Aug-13 Murnpeowie Station about 30km north east of homestead and about 160km north 139.18246 -29.28948 east of Lyndhurst.

SATFLB0006 21-Aug-12 Waraweena. Mount Hack. 38km East of Beltana 138.79757 -30.77565

SATFLB0007 22-Sep-12 Flinders Ranges National Park Wilpena Pound. 42km North North East of Hawker 138.59458 -31.54388

SATFLB0016 06-Aug-13 sanctuary. 3.6km south of Arkaroola village 139.33969 -30.34348

SATFLB0017 07-Aug-13 Arkaroola sanctuary. 500m west of old homestead 139.37367 -30.33181

SATFLB0018 08-Aug-13 Radium ridge. Arkaroola station.10.3km north of Arkaroola village. 139.32413 -30.21904

SATFLB0019 09-Aug-13 Arkaroola sanctuary. 200m south of old wheal tuner mine. 14.4km north west of 139.23287 -30.21953 Arkaroola village

SATFLB0020 10-Aug-13 Arkaroola sanctuary. 4.5km south south west of wheal turner mine. 12km north west 139.22723 -30.25568 of Arkaroola village

SATFLB0021 14-Aug-13 Gammons Ranges National Park. 15.7km north west of Balcanoona homestead. 139.21994 -30.41211 15.6km south west of Arkaroola Village.

SATFLB0022 14-Aug-13 Gammon Ranges National Park. 16km north west of Balcanoona homestead. 15km 139.22606 -30.406 south west of Arkaroola village.

SATFLB0023 15-Aug-13 Gammons Ranges national park. 9.3km east south east of Neppunna. 139.07361 -30.59944

SATSTP0001 10-Aug-13 Gammon Ranges National Park. 13km east south east of Balcanoona homestead 139.43631 -30.56167

SATSTP0002 12-Aug-13 Gammon ranges NP. 6km west of edge of lake Frome. 27km south east of Balcanoona 139.54736 -30.65633 homestead.

SATSTP0003 15-Aug-13 Mt Lyndhurst Station about 40 km north of homestead. 138.84917 -29.75529

SATSTP0004 15-Aug-13 Mt Lyndhurst Station, 40kms north of homestead. 138.83186 -29.79147

SATSTP0005 17-Aug-13 Murnpeowie Station about 40kms northwest of homestead. 138.8488 -29.4566

19

Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

SATSTP0006 17-Aug-13 Murnpeowie Station, about 40km north west of homestead. 138.8167 -29.53052

SATSTP0007 18-Aug-13 Murnpeowie Station, about 35 km north west of homestead. 138.81711 -29.536

SATSTP0008 18-Aug-13 Murnpeowie Station, 50km north west of homestead. 138.88138 -29.38786

Appendix 6. Co-Location and Revisits Many of the AusPlots sites are co-located with existing site from other organisations. This includes Queensland Parks and Wildlife monitoring plots, CSIRO vegetation plots and ACRIS biomonitoring sites. Some of the sites in the Simpson Desert have been visited yearly since 2014. Systematic revisits began in earnest in the Alice Springs district in March 2016, marking 5 years since the sites were previously visited amd will continue into the future

Ausplots Plot CoLocated Plot Type of Data Date of Contact person Organisation Position of Ausplot in relation Name Name first visit to Colocated Site

NTAFIN0004 STH024 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0005 STH022 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0006 STH025 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0007 NTH049 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0008 NTH040 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0009 STH042 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0010 STH028 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

NTAFIN0011 STH010 Vegetation cover 1/07/2007 Ben Sparrow TERN Exact match

1/03/2012 Dept of Land Adjacent Wetlands Water Chemistry/ Resource NTAFIN0017 monitoring site Aqautic flora Angus Duigiud Management Adjacent

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0011 AS10 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0012 AS12 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0013 AS14 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0014 AS08 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0016 AS04 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0017 AS16 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

1/08/2012 Dept of Land Resource NTASSD0018 AS06 Flora and Fauna Peter McDonald Management Exact match

20

Ausplots Plot CoLocated Plot Type of Data Date of Contact person Organisation Position of Ausplot in relation Name Name first visit to Colocated Site

26/08/1999 QLD Match- exact dimensions of QDACHC0001 Lochern Site 2 Flora and Fauna Dave Coban Government orginal plot not specified

30/05/2000 QLD QDAMGD0006 3477 Vegetation cover Dave Coban Government Adjacent to 40x40m exclosure

30/05/2000 QLD QDAMGD0007 3450 Vegetation cover Dave Coban Government Adjacent to 40x40m exclosure

30/05/2000 QLD QDAMGD0008 3449 Vegetation cover Dave Coban Government Adjacent to 40x40m exclosure

25/08/1999 QLD Match- exact dimensions of QDAMGD0009 Lochern Site 3 Flora and Fauna Dave Coban Government orginal plot not specified

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0001 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0002 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0003 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0004 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0005 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0006 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0007 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0008 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0009 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0010 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

21

Ausplots Plot CoLocated Plot Type of Data Date of Contact person Organisation Position of Ausplot in relation Name Name first visit to Colocated Site

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0011 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0012 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0013 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0014 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

Fauna, vegetation 1/04/2014 Contact Glenda (floristics and Located adjcent to long term Wardle for further structure) and Glenda Wardle/ LTERN - Desert monitoring plots- revisited QDASSD0015 information weather data Chris Dickman Ecology Group April 2015

21/08/2012 Smaller existing plots nested within Ausplots. Ausplots Plant leaf shifted slightly where morphology and Adelaide neescesiated by homogenity SATFLB0006 GENSAT0076 Gentics Greg Gurien University and terrain.

22/08/2012 Smaller existing plots nested within Ausplots. Ausplots Plant leaf shifted slightly where morphology and Adelaide neescesiated by homogenity SATFLB0007 GENSAT0081 Gentics Greg Gurien University and terrain.

Appendix 7. Point intercept data

Plot name Herbarium ID Common name Approx. % cover

NTAFIN0013 Coolabah 22.2

NTAFIN0013 Senna artemisioides ssp. alicia 3.6

NTAFIN0013 Cenchrus ciliaris A Buffel Grass 3.1

NTAFIN0013 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara 1.7

22 Appendix 8. Substrate and growth form

Approx % Approx % of Growth Plot Name Substrate Plot Name Growth Form substrate Forms NTAFIN0013 Leaf litter 64.4 NTAFIN0013 Tree 55.7 NTAFIN0013 Bare 34.6 NTAFIN0013 Shrub 18.3 Cryptogam (Lichen Tussock grass (Oat NTAFIN0013 crust) 0.9 NTAFIN0013 grasses etc.) 15.8 Forb (Annual NTAFIN0013 Coarse woody debris 0.1 NTAFIN0013 herbaceous ) 6.2 Chenopod (Saltbush NTAFIN0013 etc.) 1.6 NTAFIN0013 Vine 1.1 Forb (Annual NTAFIN0013 herbaceous plants) 0.9 NTAFIN0013 Sedge 0.2

Appendix 9. Structural Summary

Plot name Structural description

NTAFIN0013 Eucalyptus coolabah low woodland with diverse but sparse mid-stratum dominated by Senna artemisioides subsp. alicia and a sparse ground stratum dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris.

Appendix 10. Soil Charaterisation

Upper Lower Colour Plot name Texture pH EC Effervescence depth depth Horizon when moist

NTAFIN0013 0 0.15 A1 Sandy clay loam 5YR46 6.9 0.02 Non-calcareous

NTAFIN0013 0.15 0.4 B1 Sandy clay loam 2.5YR46 7.2 0.02 Non-calcareous

NTAFIN0013 0.4 0.55 B2 Sandy clay loam 5YR46 7.3 0.03 Non-calcareous

NTAFIN0013 0.55 0.85 2A1 Loamy sand 2.5YR46 7.3 0.03 Non-calcareous

NTAFIN0013 0.85 1 2B2 Sandy clay loam 5YR46 7.8 1.65 Non-calcareous

23

Appendix 11. Plant collection

* Denotes introduced species

Plot name Family Herbarium determination Common name

NTAFIN0013 Malvaceae Abutilon otocarpum Desert Chinese Lantern

NTAFIN0013 Acacia aptaneura Slender Mulga

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Acacia estrophiolata Ironwood

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Acacia kempeana Granite Wattle

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara

NTAFIN0013 Amaranthaceae Alternanthera angustifolia Narrow-leaf Joyweed

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Aristida holathera Erect Kerosene Grass

NTAFIN0013 Sapindaceae Atalaya hemiglauca Cattle Bush

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae limbata Spreading Saltbush

NTAFIN0013 Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia sp.

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae *Cenchrus ciliaris A Buffel Grass

NTAFIN0013 Asteraceae Centipeda thespidioides Desert Sneezeweed

NTAFIN0013 Cyperaceae Cyperus victoriensis Yelka

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Digitaria brownii Cotton Grass

NTAFIN0013 Sapindaceae Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Einadia nutans subsp. eremaea

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Enchylaena tomentosa Barrier Saltbush

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Enneapogon avenaceus Bottle Washers

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Enteropogon acicularis Curly Windmill Grass

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae eriopoda subsp. Red earth (D.J.Nelson 1651)

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Eragrostis setifolia Bristly Love-grass

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Eragrostis sp. Erect spikelets (P.K.Latz 2122)

NTAFIN0013 Scrophulariaceae Eremophila duttonii Budda

NTAFIN0013 Scrophulariaceae Eremophila freelingii Limestone Fuchsia

NTAFIN0013 Scrophulariaceae Eremophila macdonnellii No Generally Accepted Common Name.

NTAFIN0013 Scrophulariaceae Eremophila maculata subsp. maculata

NTAFIN0013 Myrtaceae Eucalyptus coolabah Coolabah

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Eulalia aurea Silky Browntop

NTAFIN0013 Cyperaceae Fimbristylis dichotoma Common Fringe-rush

NTAFIN0013 Frankeniaceae Frankenia serpyllifolia Bristly Sea-heath

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Glycine canescens Silky Glycine

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Indigofera linnaei Indigo

NTAFIN0013 Brassicaceae Lepidium sp. pepper grass

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Maireana scleroptera

NTAFIN0013 Malvaceae *Malvastrum americanum Malvastrum

NTAFIN0013 Marsileaceae Marsilea exarata Swayback Nardoo

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Panicum decompositum Australian Millet

Plot name Family Herbarium determination Common name

NTAFIN0013 Asteraceae Pterocaulon sphacelatum Applebush

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Rhagodia eremaea Tall Saltbush

NTAFIN0013 Phyllanthaceae Sauropus trachyspermus Slender Spurge

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena bicornis Flannel Burr

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena costata

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena cuneata Tangled Copperburr

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena diacantha Grey Copper Burr

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. alicia

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. x artemisioides

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. x petiolaris

NTAFIN0013 Malvaceae Sida fibulifera Pin Sida

NTAFIN0013 Solanaceae Solanum ellipticum Hillside Flannel Bush

NTAFIN0013 Solanaceae Solanum quadriloculatum Tomato Bush

NTAFIN0013 Solanaceae Solanum sturtianum Nightshade

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Sporobolus actinocladus Fairy Grass

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Sporobolus caroli Fairy Grass

NTAFIN0013 Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia tenuis

NTAFIN0013 Aizoaceae Trianthema triquetrum

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Tripogon loliiformis Five Minute Grass

NTAFIN0013 Poaceae Triraphis mollis Feather Top

NTAFIN0013 Fabaceae Vachellia farnesiana Mimosa Bush

Juvenile Raptor, Witchelena SA Calandrina sp. in flower, SA

Acacia Peuce, Andado Station NT

Ethabuka Station, Simpson Desert QLD

Diamantina River, QLD

Witchelena Reserve, SA

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