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Beginning Ubuntu Linux from Novice to Professional, Fourth Edition Beginning Ubuntu Linux From Novice to Professional, Fourth Edition Keir Thomas and Andy Channelle with Jaime Sicam Beginning Ubuntu Linux: From Novice to Professional, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2009 by Keir Thomas All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-1999-6 ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2000-8 Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Java™ and all Java-based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation, in the United States and other countries. Apress, Inc., is not affiliated with Oracle Corporation, and this book was written without endorsement from Oracle Corporation. Ubuntu® is a trademark of Canonical, Ltd. and is used under license from Canonical, Ltd. Points of view or opinions in this publication do not necessarily represent the policies or positions of Canonical, Ltd. or imply affiliation with Ubuntu, sss*q^qjpq*_ki. Lead Editor: Frank Pohlmann Development Editor: Michelle Lowman Technical Reviewer: Bruce Byfield Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell, Gary Cornell, Jonathan Gennick, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh Project Managers: Richard Dal Porto, Kylie Johnston Copy Editor: Sharon Wilkey Associate Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony Production Editor: Elizabeth Berry Compositor: Linda Weidemann, Wolf Creek Publishing Services Proofreader: April Eddy Indexer: BIM Indexing & Proofreading Services Artist: April Milne Cover Designer: Kurt Krames Manufacturing Director: Tom Debolski Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e-mail kn`ano)ju<olnejcan)o^i*_ki, or visit dppl6++sss*olnejcankjheja*_ki. For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013. E-mail ejbk<]lnaoo*_ki, or visit dppl6++sss*]lnaoo*_ki. Apress and friends of ED books may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional use. eBook versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our Special Bulk Sales–eBook Licensing web page at dppl6++sss*]lnaoo*_ki+ejbk+^qhgo]hao. The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every pre- caution has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this work. The source code for this book is available to readers at dppl6++sss*]lnaoo*_ki. You may need to answer questions pertaining to this book in order to successfully download the code. Contents at a Glance About the Authors................................................................ xxv About the Technical Reviewer .....................................................xxvii Acknowledgments ...............................................................xxix Introduction .....................................................................xxxi PART 1 NNN Introducing the World of Linux CHAPTER 1 Welcome!.......................................................3 CHAPTER 2 A History and Politics Lesson ...................................13 CHAPTER 3 The Realities of Running Linux ..................................25 PART 2 NNN Installing Ubuntu CHAPTER 4 Preinstallation Steps ...........................................33 CHAPTER 5 Installing Ubuntu ...............................................45 CHAPTER 6 Solving Installation Problems ...................................75 PART 3 NNN The No-Nonsense Getting Started Guide CHAPTER 7 Booting Ubuntu for the First Time ...............................95 CHAPTER 8 Getting Everything Up and Running.............................117 CHAPTER 9 How to Secure Your Computer .................................183 CHAPTER 10 Personalizing Ubuntu: Getting Everything Just Right ............223 CHAPTER 11 Ubuntu Replacements for Windows Programs ..................271 CHAPTER 12 Managing Your Files...........................................295 iii PART 4 NNN The Shell and Beyond CHAPTER 13 Introducing the BASH Shell ....................................321 CHAPTER 14 Understanding Linux Files and Users ...........................343 CHAPTER 15 Working with Text Files........................................373 CHAPTER 16 Taking Control of the System ..................................395 CHAPTER 17 Cool Shell Tricks ..............................................407 PART 5 NNN Multimedia CHAPTER 18 Digital Audio ..................................................423 CHAPTER 19 Movies and Multimedia........................................447 CHAPTER 20 Digital Photos .................................................463 PART 6 NNN Office Tasks CHAPTER 21 Making the Move to OpenOffice.org ............................487 CHAPTER 22 OpenOffice.org Overview ......................................497 CHAPTER 23 In Depth: Writer ...............................................513 CHAPTER 24 In Depth: Calc.................................................529 CHAPTER 25 In Depth: Impress .............................................539 CHAPTER 26 In Depth: Base ................................................551 CHAPTER 27 In Depth: Evolution ............................................563 PART 7 NNN Keeping Your System Running CHAPTER 28 Installing and Removing Software..............................591 CHAPTER 29 Managing Users...............................................625 CHAPTER 30 Optimizing Your System .......................................637 CHAPTER 31 Backing Up Data ..............................................651 CHAPTER 32 Scheduling Tasks .............................................665 CHAPTER 33 Accessing Computers Remotely................................673 PART 8 NNN Appendixes APPENDIX A Glossary of Linux Terms .......................................691 APPENDIX B BASH Command Index.........................................715 APPENDIX C Getting Further Help...........................................725 APPENDIX D Exploring the DVD-ROM and Other Ubuntu Versions .............735 INDEX .......................................................................749 Contents About the Authors................................................................ xxv About the Technical Reviewer .....................................................xxvii Acknowledgments ...............................................................xxix Introduction .....................................................................xxxi PART 1 NNN Introducing the World of Linux CHAPTER 1 Welcome! .....................................................3 What Is Linux? ...................................................3 The Age of Linux .................................................5 The Problems with Windows .......................................6 The Benefits of Linux .............................................9 Fewer Crashes ..............................................9 Security ....................................................9 Free and Shareable ..........................................9 No Annoying Copy Protection or Usage Restrictions .............10 The Linux Community .......................................10 Summary.......................................................11 CHAPTER 2 A History and Politics Lesson ..............................13 In the Beginning.................................................13 The GNU Project.................................................16 Proprietary Software and the GPL..................................18 GNU and Linux Together..........................................19 Different Flavors of Linux .........................................20 Linux Today ....................................................20 Ubuntu: African Philosophy .......................................21 Summary.......................................................23 vii viii NCONTENTS CHAPTER 3 The Realities of Running Linux.............................25 Learning to Use Linux ............................................25 Who Uses Linux? ................................................26 Getting Hold of Linux.............................................27 Understanding How Linux Differs from Windows.....................28 Modular Structure ..........................................28 Software Installation ........................................28 File System ................................................29 Using Ubuntu ...................................................29 Summary.......................................................30 PART 2 NNN Installing Ubuntu CHAPTER 4 Preinstallation Steps........................................33 Understanding Partitioning........................................33 Freeing Up Space................................................35
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