15500 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 Sanchez, Fidel N., 83077A. Toth, W1lliam J., 70740A. Sanders, Robert J., 71053A. Townsend, Blaine F., 71169A. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bandvik, James E., 77473A. Tracy, Peter W., 79573A. Santamaria, John, Jr., 83080A. Tremblay, DouglasS., 70462A. THURSDAY, JULY 1, 1965 Savage, Charles A., Jr., 71054A. Triplett, Eugene B., 83152A. Schell, Roger R., 70718A. Trojanowski, John W., 70746A. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Schibler, Mark C., 77929A. Trouy, Victor R., 71170A. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, Schichtle, Casper J., Jr., 70714A. Tschirhart, Leslie H., 77550A. D.D., offered the following prayer: Schiller, Harvey W., 70730A. Turner, Frank V., 70451A. Schmidt, Walter K., 77930A. Tuttle, William C., Jr., 73546A. The words inscribed on the Liberty Schader, Barry E., 72240A. Ueland, Richards., Jr., 71060A. Bell in Philadelphia: Leviticus 25: 10: Schrock, Derel D., 72241A. Varn, Benjamin F., Jr., 75535·A. Ye shall proclaim liberty throughout all Schulte, Richard J., 70436A. Vasil1k, Michael V., 79579A. the land unto all the inhabitants thereof. Scott, Randall F., 83086A. Vasques, Louis R., 83159A. Sculley, Jay R., 79098A. Venables, Rodney E., 73547A. Almighty God, we rejoice that we are Sealy, William F., 78155A. Veraldi, Dennis L., 70477A. drawing nigh to that sacred day in the Sebren, William E. III, 83087A. Verhees, Donald L., 75461A. annals of our American history when the Serina, Gerald, 71017A. Verhoef, Robert W., 72248A. Founding Fathers signed the Declara­ Shapek, Raymond A., 71055A. Vipperman, David E., 75537A. tion of Independence in which they had Sharp, Jimmy R., 75529A. Wagner, Fredrick A., 71062A. stated in verbal form their faith and Shaw, Lawrence G., 70945A. Wagner, Richard E., 79645A. their deepest convictions. Shelton, Harold A., 77481A. Wagoner, Joseph L. C., 70697A. May our minds expand with the spirit Sherrard, William A., 72242A. Waitley, Damon R., 70435A. Shinol, Henry E., 70523A. Walker, Robert G., 73548A. of pride and patriotism, of gratitude and Showers, Rodney E., 72243A. Wallace, Larry W ., 80981A. renewed consecration as we contemplate Shupp, Richard W., 80137A. Watson, Roger C., 73549A. and reflect upon the meaning of that Sidebottom, Harold w., 77543A. Webb, Roy G., 70493A. signJficant day. Simons, Robert K., 75455A. Weber, David C., 70747A. We pray that our President, our Speak­ Singleton, Ivan J ., 70485A. Weiland, William J., 71063A. er, and our chosen representatives may Sitarz, Richard J., 70949A. Weiss, Walter A., Jr., 70720A. be men and women whose manhood and Skarke, Richard J ., 75456A. Weide, Francis J., 78457A. Sloan, James E., 76089A. Weldon, JoAnn, 71100W. womanhood can match the mountains Smedley, Robert R., 70735A. Wells, Peter C., 77551A. of diffi.culty which are now confronting Smith, Alan T., 70446A. Welsh, David R., 71064A. our Republic. Smith, Bruce N., 71165A. Welton, David L., 79818A. Penitently we confess that we are filled Smith, Donald N., 70525A. Wennerstrom, Arthur J., 77552A. with apprehension and fear for there is Smith, Douglas B., Jr., 77932A. Werner, James K., 77934A. so much of disobedience and disrespect Smith, Dustan T., 70627A. Whitaker, William L., III, 70599A. for law and authority in our national life Smith, Graham M., 71166A. White, Donald V., 72249A. Smith, Gregory H., 78302A. White, Robert E., 78458A. and we greatly feel the need of cultivat­ Smith, Maurice M., 71092A. Whitescarver, John P., 70479A. ing those finer feelings and aspirations Smith, Richard C., 70478A. Wigginton, Harold E., 71171A. which will make our country truly Smith, Stephen B., 70521A. Wilkerson, Danny F., 78210A. strong. Snell, Clyde A., 72244A. Wilkins, Donald A., 70641A. .Kindle within us the spirit of brother­ Snyder, Terry W., 70456A. Williams, Francis F., Jr., 70663A. hood that in these times of peril we may Sorensen, Donald N., 77545A. Williams, Merle E., 73550A. sustain one another and minister to one Souhrada, James, 71105A. Williams, Walter M., III, 75331A. Spanberger, Lloyd R., 77933A. Willis, Richard P., 77936A. another's needs. Spencer, James D., 75533A. Wilson, Arthur J., III, 77279A. Hear us in Christ's name. Amen. Spradlin, Don M., 78156A. Wise, Robert M., 83190A. Sproul, Parker D., 72245A. Wittnebel, Robert F. J., 83191A. Stachurski, Richard J., 70614A. Wilff, Warren W., 71172A. THE JOURNAL Staley, Henry A., 83117A. Wrenn, James E., 70504A. The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ Stamets, Leigh E., 80113A. Wright, David R., 75468A. Stanovich, Robert, 73542A. Wrinkle, Frederic R., 70589A. terday was read and approved. Stedman, Raymond E., Jr., 70515~ Yeager, Kurt E., 77938A. Steininger, Warren L., Jr., 71106A. Young, George C., Jr., 75471A. Stephan, Brian G., 80115A. Young, Thomas W., 71065A. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE Stevens, Bruce U ., 72246A. Younkin, Gary D., 83201A. A message from the Senate by Mr. Stewart, Laymon D., 73543A. Zehrer, Frederic A. III, 70661A. Bradley, one of its clerks, announced Stiles, Thomas L., 70698A. Ziebold, Ronald J., 83205A. that the Senate had passed bills of the Stine, Terrence P., 80917A. Zieg, Duane H., 80136A. following titles, in which the concurrence Stonemark, Richard D., 70593A. Medical Service Corps Strawn, Leon F., 72247A. of the House is requested: Strojny, DenniS J., 78489A. King, Thomas W .. 75404A. S. 853. An act for the relief of Charles N. Sturniolo, Lawrence R., 79630A. Biomedical Science Corps Legarde and his wife, Beatrice E. Legarde; Suggs, Jon C., 73544A. Eiles, Richard R., 71098A. S. 1098. An act to amend section 1(14) (a) Sullenberger, DonS., 83127A; of the · Interstate Commerce Act to insure Sundstrom, David E., 70596A. the adequacy of the national railroad freight Sutter, Edward L., 71058A. CONFIRMATIONS car supply, and for other purposes; Switzer, Harold K., II, 71167A. S. 1666. An act to provide for the appoint­ Talbot, Grady E., 77547A. Executive nominations confirmed by ment of additional circuit and district judges, Talley, Robert J., 70488A. the Senate July 1, 1965: and for other purposes; S. 1742. An act to authorize the U.S. Gov­ Tarpley, Charles A., 72203A. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Taylor, Terry K., 83132A. ernor to agree to amendments to the articles Terkuile, Roger C., 71168A. Homer Thornberry, of Texas, to be U.S. Cir­ of agreements of the International Bank for Terlep, Anthony J., Jr., 71059A. cuit judge ·for· the fifth circuit. Reconstruction and Development and the Terry, Jack 0., 79947A. Joseph F. Radigan, of Vermont, to be U.S. International Finance Corporation, and for Theberge, Royal R., 73545A. attorney for the district of Vermont for the other purposes; and Thomas, William A., Jr., 70503A. term of 4 years. He is now serving in this S. 2212. An act to authorize the Commis­ Thomasson, David E ., 77548A. office under an appointment which expired sioners of the District of Columbia to estab­ Thompson, Barry L., 70480A. May 15, 1965. lish and administer a plan to provide for the Thompson, Donald J., 83141A. William Marlon Parker, Jr., of Alabama, to care and protection of childl'en through pub­ Thompson, Donald L., 77549A. be U.S. marshal for the middle district of Ala­ lic day care services, and to provide public Thompson, Mark E., 70707 A. bama for the term of 4 years. He is now serv­ assistance in the form or foster home care Thomssen, Darrel D., 70738A. ing in this office under an appointment to certain dependent children. Thorne, John W., Jr., 75460A. which expired May 22, 1965. Thorp, Charles B., 79571A. (Omitted from the RECORD of June 30, Throldahl, Bobby D., 75581A. U.S. PATENT OFFICE 1965:) Tilbury, Brian, 75334A. Arthur H. Behrens, of Washington, to be A message from the Senate by Mr. Tillman, Joe A., 78455A. an examiner in chief, U.S. Patent Office. Arrington, one of its clerks, announced July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15501 The program for next week is as fol­ of identification to such employees under that the Senate had passed without their jurisdiction as they may designate. amendment a bill of the House of the lows: Each such card shall be signed by the following title: H.R. 6400 which is the Voting Rights Speaker, Member, officer, or committee chair­ H.R. 3415. An act to equalize certain pen­ Act of 1965, under an open rule with 10 man concerned, and shall not be valid for alties in the Inter-coastal Shipping Act, 1933. hours of general debate. a longer period than the duration of one This, of course, is made subject to the session of a Congress." usual reservation that conference reports COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes may be brought up at any time and that the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. HAYS]. Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, on behalf any further program may be announced Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, will the of the gentleman from North Carolina later. gentleman yield? [Mr. CooLEY], I ask unanimous consent Mr. Speaker, if the gentleman will Mr. HAYS. I yield briefly to the that the Committee on Agriculture may yield further for a unanimous-consent gentleman from New York, the author of be permitted to sit while the House is request. Mr. GERALD R. FORD. I yield to the resolution. in session today. Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the gentleman. commend the distinguished gentleman the request of the gentleman from Okla­ from Ohio [Mr. HAYS] and to thank the homa? Committee on House Administration and Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speak­ ADJOURNMENT OVER FROM FRIDAY TO TUESDAY its Subcommittee on Printing for having er, reserving the right to object, what is brought H.R. 261 before us today. This the subject matter on which the com­ Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask is a measure I introduced on March 9 to mittee is sitting? unanimous consent that when the House provide the issuance of appropriate iden­ Mr. ALBERT. This is on the cotton adjourns tomorrow it adjourn to meet tification cards for those whom we em­ bill, as I understand it. on Tuesday next. ploy as congressional staff members. Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Yes. I with­ The SPEAKER. Without objection, it At the time of introduction, I called draw my reservation of objection. is so ordered. attention to the fact that at present the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to There was no objection. House provides no means of official iden­ the request of the gentleman from Okla­ tification for those who work in the of­ homa? fices of Members, are on the staffs of the· There was no objection. DISPENSING WITH BUSINESS IN ORDER UNDER THE CALENDAR various committees with certain excep­ WEDNESDAY RULE ON WEDNES­ tions, or are otherwise in an employment. position attached to the House. It was,. VOTING RIGHTS BILL-COMMITTEE DAY NEXT ON RULES and is, my belief that such identification Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask should be provided for · purposes of se­ Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, unanimous consent that the business in curity and also for the convenience of I ask unanimous consent that the Com­ order under the Calendar Wednesday staff personnel in being able to instantly mittee on Rules may have until midnight rule may be dispensed with on Wednes­ establish their official relation to the tonight to file a privileged report on the day next. House and the business of their­ voting rights bill. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it employers. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to is so ordered. I am very pleased with the reaction the request of the gentleman from Vir­ There was no objection. this measure received. Many of our col­ ginia? Mr. ALBERT. I thank the gentleman leagues contacted me to express their­ There was no objection. from Michigan. support and, I understand, many of them also contacted members of the Commit­ HOUSE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION tee on House Administration and Mr. AUTHORIZING IDENTIFICATION HAY's Subcommittee on Printing to en­ AND LABOR CARDS FOR CERTAIN OFFICERS dorse the purpose of the resolution. Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask AND EMPLOYEES OF HOUSE OF Of course, when I learned that the sub­ unanimous consent that the House Com­ ·REPRESENTATIVES committee had agreed to take up the mittee on Education and Labor may have Mr. HAYS. Mr. Speaker, by direction resolution for official consideration, I was until midnight tonight to :file a report on even further heartened. I know that its H.R. 9022. of the Committee on House Administra­ tion, I call up the resolution

Conference action compared with- Appropria- Budget esti­ Passed Passed Item tions, 1965 mates, 1966 House Senate co::~~~ce I------.------~------~------Appropria- Budget esti­ House Senate tions, 1965 mates, 1966

J'EDERAL PAYMENT TO DISTRICT OJ' COLUMBIA WaterGeneral fund fund ______------_ $37, 500, 000 $50, 000, 000 $41,.000, 000 $46, 000, 000 $43', 000, 000 +$5. 500, 000 -$7, 000, 000 +$2, 000, 000 -$3, 000, 000 2, 047,000 11,973,000 1, 973,000 1, 973,000 1, 973,000 -74,000 ------~------Sanitary sewage works fund ______1, 173,000 '1, 149,000 1, 149,000 1,149,000 1, 149,000 -24,000 ------:------Total, Federal payment to District l------l------l·------l--:---_..:..__ l---...:...__:_ __ 1----=~..:....:....l=====l=====l:::.:.::.:::.:::.:.::::.:::: of Columbia__ ------40,720,000 53,122,000 44,122,000 49,122,000 46,122,000 +5,402,000 -7,000,000 +2, 000,000 -3,000,000 i=====i======i======i===~~~~~~=~~~~=~~=l~~~·~~~~ OPERATING EXPENSES General operating expenses __ ------19,391,900 a 21, 326, 000 20,323,000 20,112,000 20,112,000 +720,100 -1,214,000 -211,000 73,707,800 • 79, 462, 600 76,998,000 78,663,000 78,663,000 +4,955,200 -799,600 +1,665,000 ------Parks~~~~tiS:~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: and recreation ______71,755,300 I 77, 984, 000 74,740,000 75,953,900 75,457,600 +3, 702,300 -2,526,400 +717,600 -----::4oo;aoo Health and welfare ______10,038,200 11,087,000 10,555,000 10,709,500 ~o . 703, 7oo +665,QOO -383 300 +148, 700 -5,800 75,964, 500 81,319,000 79,485,000 80,106,247 79,813,800 +3,849,300 -1,505:200 +328,800 -292,447 Highways and traffic ______13,628,000 14,013,000 13,989,000 13,989,000 13,989,000 +361,000 -24,000 ------Sanitary engineering ______':. _ 22,005,900 I 22, 97 4, 000 22,498,000 22,498,000 22,498,000 +492, 100 -476,000 Metropolitan Pollee (additional munici------"ttfe~::orf=· ~:tY~':!d~tJ~0aJf~Wlici:- 283,000 -283,000 pal services, Imperial Shrine Conven-· tion)------221, 200 221,200 221,200 221, 200 +221, 200 Personal services, wage-board employees__ 1, 118, 200 1 1, 279, 000 1, 279,000 1, 279,000 1, 279; 000 +160, 800 Settlement of claims and suits ______~ _l-;:::-::1:;4;-:,0;:::28:;:-l-- _::_:;__ :-_:; __::_-:: __::_::- ______:: __::_-:: __::_::- __::_::_-=--I---:--::·:----=-=-_:-_::- __::: ___ _---=---=-=--:------_--_-_-_: ____-.::.14='.::.028:.::._F·:_:- ·:...::·..:..:--:...::·..:..:--:...::-:_:--:..::-::·I:_:--=-.:--=-.:--:.:·.:--=-.:--:~:-:.:-.:--=-.:--=-.:--=-.:--::- 1 1 1 Total,opera~ingexpenses ______.287,906,828 309,665,800 300,088,200 303,531,!147 302,737,300 +14,830,472 -6,928,500 +2,649,100 -794,547 See footnotes at end of table. 15504: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE July 1, 1965 District of Columbia appropriation bill, 1966 (H.R. 6543)-Continued "' - Conference action compared with- Appropria- Budget esti- Passed Passed Conference Item tions, 1965 mates, 1966 House Senate action Appropria- Budget esti- House Senate tions, 1965 mates, 1966 • REPAYMENT OF LOANS AND INTEREST Reimbursement to the United States ______$5,364,000 $5,600,400 $5,600,400 $5,600,400 $5,600,400 +$326,400 ------CAPITAL OUTLAY Capital outlay __ ------59,633,000 I 73, 900, 600 50,521,900 55,131,100 51,800,800 -7,832,200 -$22,189, 800 +$1, 278,900 -$3.330,300 Grand total, District of Columbia funds-_------i352, 903, 828 389, 346, 800 356, 300, 500 364,358,347 360, 228, 500 +7,324,672 -29, 118, 300 +3,928,000 -4,129,847

1 Reflects decrease of $227,000 subinitted in H. Doc. No. 114. 1 Includes increase of $305,000 submitted in H. Doc. No. 114. 2 Reflects decrease of $186,000 submitted in H. Doc. No. 114. • Includes increase of $22,000 submitted in H. Doc. No. 114. 1 Includes increase of $5,000 submitted in H. Doc. No. 114. 1 Subinitted in H. Doc. No. 114. • Includes increase of $27,000 subinitted in H. Doc. No. 114 and $1,879,000 inS. Doc. I Reflects decrease of $881,000 subinitted in H. Doc. No. 114. No. 23. • Includes $11,430,500 in second supplemental bill, Public Law 89-16. Serious crime in the District climbed to proper authorization for the various I am not completely happy with this to new levels during the fiscal year 1965. projects, but we are of the opinion there conference report any more, I am. sure, Our committee believes that the people is already sufficient general authority for than the chairman, the gentleman from 1n Washington and the visitors in our the highway program and we feel that Kentucky, is completely happy about it. Capital City are entitled to a system of future budget estimates should be sub­ But we were able to control some of the law enforcement which will insure them mitted in accordance with current pro­ flagrant violations of responsibility the right to transact their business and cedures. which had crept into this appropriations traverse the streets at any time without The conference action allows an in­ measure in the course of its travail. fear of assault. As pointed out on many crease of $717,553 for 22 additional Mr. Speaker, I believe that Members occasions; our committee believes that teachers; 28 librarians; 23 counselors of this House can congratulate them­ the Police Department has the right to and several related positions, including selves and certainly owe a great deal expect full cooperation from the citizens an expansion of the driver training pro­ to Members such as the gentleman from of our Capital City and especially from gram with the cost to be paid from fees Kentucky [Mr. NATCHER] for the re­ the courts. When criminal charges are for learners' permits. straint which individual Members of this preferred and clearly established, ade­ This conference report provides for House exercised and the restraint which quate sentences should follow. Any de­ funds for the continued operation of the members of the Committee on Appro­ viation from this process makes a mock­ John F. Kennedy Playground, but does priations in key positions, such as the ery of law enforcement and justice. not include a new site for the Shaw gentleman from Kentucky, exercised We recommend an increase of $1,665,- Junior High School. We also recom­ with respect to this bill. 000 for additional police protection. This mend funds for a recreation center for Mr Speaker, there are two items that amount will be used to pay officers for the mentally retarded. are not in this conference report that work on their days off and for additional In conference, we agreed to an increase should be in it, on the grounds of need scout cars, additional crossing guards, 1n the student nurse program at D.C. and on the grounds of justice. and an expansion of the footman radio General Hospital and allowed the full re­ One of them is the Shaw Junior High system. As is stated in the statement of quest for the Children's Hospital. School. The other is the planning funds the managers on the part of the House This conference report, in addition, for the Fort Reno Recreation Center. with the concurrence of the Senate con­ provides for five additional school con- However, the conferees. from our side ferees, the additional funds provided to struction projects. · · were too proud of our responsibility to finance a sixth day of work is of a tempo­ At this time, Mr. Speaker, I yield this House, and too proud of a sense of rary and emergency nature. to my distinguished friend, the gentle­ responsibility that ought to be exercised, The highway system in the District of man from Wisconsin, the ranking mi­ to insist that these funds be included. Columbia, with emphasis on the inter­ nority member of this committee, and I Mr. Speaker, the Shaw Junior High state system, is one of the major long­ would like to say to the Members of the School could not possibly be included established activities of the District of House, one of the outstanding Members and can never be included so long as re­ Columbia. Any effort to bring impor­ of the House. sponsible men in this body will stand tant highway projects in the District to against the kind of tactics that deprive a complete halt is a serious mistake. Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Mr. Speak­ er, I thank the chairman of our sub­ the District of Columbia of the site which In order to meet the tremendous day­ committee for yielding to me so that I was already selected for the· erection of to-day growth of traffic in Washington Shaw Junior High School. we must carry our highway programs might say just a few words in connec­ along with any and all proposals con­ tion with this conference report. Mr. Speaker, until we find some com­ I think that every Member of this parable sense of responsibility in other cerning a rapid transit system. This places with respect to items ef appro­ conference report clearly shows the atti­ House should be grateful to the gentle­ tude of our committee in this matter and man from Kentucky, for he has done priations of this committee, I am sure emphatically states that we disagree with his job as the chairman of the conferees men like the gentleman from Kentucky the language contained in the Senate in a manner that we would want every and others who serve with him as con­ report. group of conferees that goes from this ferees will never stultify themselves to House to meet with Members of the other the point of permitting this kind of a As you know, Mr. Speaker, on page 4 tainted appropriation, tainted by con­ of the conference report you find the body to perform. siderations other than its merit to be following: I know that sometimes we receive crit­ included. The managers on the part of the House Me icism of the competence and the ability With respect to the Fort Reno plan­ not in agreement with the statement in the of the Appropriations Committee to per­ ning funds here, again, the money should Senate report which reads as follows: form its functions. But I submit that "Accordingly, the committee directs that be here included. but the price in terms all future budget estimates for the District those who on yesterday committed us to of pride and responsibility would have of Columbia highway program be presented about $8 billion, with the Appropriations been too great to permit the funds to be on the basts only of prior authorization by Committee finding itself in future years included in the funds covered in this the respective District legislative commit­ completely unable to do anything about conference report. tees." it, should be the last to criticize the pro­ The gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. This statement is not to be construed cedure of the Appropriations Committee NATCHER] mentioned to the Members of to mean that the committee is opposed of this House. the House the -additional funds that are July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15505 in here for the Police Department, for Mr. GROSS. This is the financing derived here in the District of Columbia, public safety, here in the District of operation which Members of the House out of the Federal payment, and from Columbia. of Representatives were told would cost other sources. In my opinion these funds will not be the Federal taxpayers nothing. We were I want to say I appreciate the gentle­ completely used. Some Members can assured that at no time in . the future man directing this question to me at this take some gratification in that fact. But would the Federal taxpayers be called time, a.nd further, I would like for the I believe that a matter of more grave upon to finance construction of the sta- gentleman to know that here in the Dis­ concern in connection with it is that I dium. trict of Columbia there may be a place fear, to some extent at least, we have at­ Mr. NATCHER. The gentleman is en- for both a rapid transit system and the tempted to substitute money, to substi­ tirely correct. I recall distinctly I was highway system that we now have under­ tute dollars, for a more thoroughgoing on the floor when the gentleman from way. But our committee under no cir­ concern with the overall matter of crime Iowa propounded certain questions con- cumstances is willing to permit those prevention and detection here within the cerning the value of the stadium and advocates of a rapid transit system to District of Columbia. the cost of the stadium. At that time stop the highway program in this city Mr. Speaker, I believe we have done we were led to believe this stadium would just to see that the District of Columbia everything that men can. do sitting on cost from $6 million to $8 million. The gets a rapid transit system. this committee to provide for the public stadium cost a little over $20 million. The gentleman has been here longer safety of the District of Columbia. How­ Now they are paying $831,600 in interest than I have and I am sure that the gen­ ever, I do suggest that there are other on the bonds. None of the bonds have tleman on many occasions has seen a lot things which need to be done rather than been retired up to this date. of projects authorized where funds were simply the appropriation of money. Mr. GROSS. One other question: never appropriated. There are some ridiculous things con­ I would like to ask the gentleman, does Mr. O'KONSKI. I am glad to hear the tained in this bill. They are not scandal­ he know the per-day patient cost for in- gentleman take that stand because every ously expensive, thank goodness, but digents at the Children's Hospital, Member of the House ought to acquaint they are simply just plain unnecessary. whether it is $40 a day, and if so, why $6 himself With this bill that is going to Mr. Speaker, I believe it is fair to say per day more than the $34 at other come before the House very shortly, If that the only justification for some of Washington hospitals? you will read the Washington Star of a the smaller items that are included in Mr. NATCHER. The conference re- couple of days ago, it bears out the fact; this conference report happens to be the port, I may say to the gentleman, pro- and remember this is just the first bite identity of the author of the amendment vides for a $40-per-diem payment to of a possible $3 billion subway system in over at the other end of this Capitol. Children's Hospital with the other hos- the Nation's Capital to be paid for by the We did succeed in cutting out this un­ pitals receiving $34 a day. The other taxpayers all over the country, and I ad­ sound practice of attempting to set sal­ body increased the $34 which we had in monish the House and warn you to take aries for individuals, which the other our bill to $36. We refused to yield, and a good look at that bill, because it will body had included. We did succeed in the figure was put back to $34 for all con- be before this House very shortly, and the nullifying that practice insofar as this tract hospitals with the exception of time will come, if this bill passes, when bill is concerned. Children's Hospital. I may say to the the taxpayers of the United States are In my opinion, in spite of the weak­ gentleman I think we did right as far as just going to support the Nation's Capt­ nesses that may be in it, overall the this one contract hospital is concerned. tal and their transit system. House conferees have done the kind of Here we have a nonprofit institution that Mr. NATCHER. Mr. Speaker, at this job you would want us to do. In the is losing money every year; that has to time I yield to the distinguished gentle­ 5-hour conference session which took take all of the overflow from the District man from Connecticut, a member of our place a couple o"' days ago we did much of Columbia General Hospital to Chil- subcommittee and another great Member better than we could do if there was to dren's Hospital. These are indigent pa- of the House [Mr. GIAIMO]. be a second or third session, or a fourth tients. I have been out to this hospital, Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, I rise in round of negotiations. So I am here to and it touches your heart to see the chil- support of this appropriation measure. follow the chairman of the House con­ dren out there. We believe that this in- I believe it represents a diligent effort of ferees, the gentleman from Kentucky crease for this one hospital is proper in all the members of the subcommittee and [Mr. NATCHER] in recommending this every respect. But we would not yield of all the conferees on both sides of the conference report to you, and in sustain­ on the others. aisle to meet the pressing needs of the ing the motions which he will make in Mr. GROSS. I thank the gentleman District government. I believe it will connection with this conference report. from Kentucky for his explanations to accomplish the job of conducting the Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, Will the both questions. · business of the District of Columbia for gentleman yield? Mr. O'KONSKI. Mr. Speaker, will the the coming year. Mr. NATCHER. I yield to the gen­ gentleman yield? It does not represent all of the moneys tleman from Iowa. Mr. NATCHER. I am delighted to asked for, but it represents what we Mr. GROSS. I would like to ask one yield to the distinguished gentleman thought to be an adequate amount with of my favorite questions in connection from Wisconsin. which the District officials can complete with a District of Columbia appropria­ Mr. O'KONSKI. I think the attention their job of conducting the government. tion bill. of the House should be brought to the We think they could make progress in Was there any money put in this bill fact that this is not the only approprla- many areas, particularly the area of in conference to further subsidize the tion of money or the spending of money. education. District of Columbia Stadium? This does not :finish the :fiscal problem We have not appropriated all of the Mr. NATCHER. There were no addi­ for the District of Columbia because very moneys requested for new schools, but tional funds added for that purpose, but shortly there is going to come before this we do have a substantial number and I want the gentleman to know for the House a $488 million bill to start a sub- we are making great progress in replac­ District of Columbia you will find under way system in the Nation's Capital. Un- . ing some of the old, outmoded schools the appropriation, "Repayment of loans der the bill the District of Columbia is with new and efficient schools. and interest," $831,600, together with a going to be asked to provide $50 million However, there is one particular item $10,900 payment on interest on the Dis­ as a grant and the Federal Government that I believe should be brought to the trict of Columbia Stadium bonds. $100 million. I would like to ask the dis- attention of the House and about which As the gentleman knows, ·none of the tinguished gentleman from Kentucky, if I feel very strongly and I know many this bill is passed is .there any money that of the Members do. That is the item of bonds have been retired, and the interest the District of Columbia has by which payment due each year is $831,600. The they could pay this $50 million grant? aid to dependent children of unemployed Board of Commissioners is forced to bor­ Mr. NATCHER. I would say to the parents. For 2 years now the House has row this money from the U.S. Treasury gentleman that the District of Columbia passed this legislation authorizing and each year-:-that is, $831,600--and in ad­ does not have any funds on hand at this enabling the District of Columbia to set dition to that sum they have to repay time for that purpose. The $50 mil1ion up this program as it exists in many of $10,900 interest on interest. would have to come out of tax moneys the other cities in the United States. 15506 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE July 1, 1965 For 2 years this appropriation . and for the highest priorities in a long list The previous question was ordered. this item has been deleted by the other of items submitted. I have never once The conference report was agreed to. body. As is well known here to the seen those school administrators fail to A motion to reconsider was laid on the Members of the House, this past year make decisions and exercise responsibil- table. there was considerable controversy over ity in this respect. · The SPEAKER pro tempore New York City change be acceptable to Governor Rocke­ Council President Paul Screvane, who is head feller? marks, and to include an editorial from of the city's antipoverty program. The answer couldn't be determined im­ the New York Herald Tribune. For the next 5 Y2 hours, the two men mediately: an aid at the Governor's Pocantico The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there and their aids struggled against the clock Hills estate said Mr. Rockefeller was out objection to the request of the gentle­ and confusion to try to save the $18.1 dancing. man from New York? million that Mr. Shriver's Office of Eco­ The final outcome might not be known There was no objection. nomic Opportunity had planned to give the until July 10. That's the Governor's dead­ Mr. CAREY. Mr. Speaker, withiq a city for a wide range of programs to meet the line for action on the antipoverty funds few legislative days the House will be needs of New York's poor. under the Federal law. Finally, at about 11:45 p.m., just 15 min­ If Mr. Rockefeller's past actions are any considering the extension of the poverty utes before the fiscal year deadline by which indication, there will be more complications. program on which my committee, the the Federal Government had to approve--or Only 5 days ago the Governor had indi­ Committee on Education and Labor, and reallocate to another city-the New York City cated he might veto the $9 million com­ the ad hoc committee on which I have funds, Mr. Shriver and Mr. Screvane came munity action section of the city's program been serving liave been working for some up with a solution to save the money: they because, he said, it lacked necessary partici­ years. I think that the House in its wis­ changed one word in the name of the anti­ pation of the city's poor. dom should look today to the front page poverty unit; from economic opportunity But it quickly became apparent that his corporation to economic opportunity com­ objections had already been met. Two days of the New York Herald Tribune and see mittee. before, the city's council against poverty had what can be the effect of an unwise and A spokesman for the Governor said the revised its program to include a greater role unwarranted Governor's veto. veto came so near the fiscal year deadline for the poor. This was more than a veto. The Gov­ because time had been needed to study and Mr. Shriver, noting this, on Sunday in ernor of New York did a stomp on the evaluate the bills. effect gave the Governor an ultimatum to poverty bill in our city. The city of New The sudden sequence of events was an­ approve the community-action program by York stands to receive $18.1 million, the other-and most fantastic--chapter of the yesterday---<>r else lose the money for the brief political history of the city's antipov­ city. largest grant in the country, under this erty program, which has been battered by At an afternoon press conference here yes­ bill. But the Governor, by his 11th-hour protests from representatives of the poor, terday afternoon, Mr. Rockefeller, in a snap­ veto of a piece of legislation designed to congressional leaders, and politicians of both pish mood, yielded to this demand, with the effect this grant, did nothing more than parties. provision that the program not be turned simply leave the city hapless and fund­ The Governor explained his veto to Mr. into a "political pork barrel." less, facing into the long, hot summer. Conway and to city antipoverty officials in Then came the 6:20 phone call from the It was a totally irresponsible veto. this fashion: Governor to Sargent Shriver. He said the bill creating the corporation When, in his energetic dedication, Mr. would "supersede all State laws which are Sargent Shriver, Administrator of the inconsistent with its provisions." WATER PROBLEMS program, attempted to reach the Gov­ He said the sweeping powers the city sought ernor and work something out to save for the corporation would be in contlict with Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask the city's fund he .was able to reach State "labor laws, antidiscrimination laws, unanlmous consent to address the House city officials, but could not reach the social welfare laws, and laws relating to edu­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend Governor because the Governor was "out cation, slums, consumer protection, civil my remarks. dancing" as related by an aid at his service, health and mental health." The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there But at the same time he made the veto Pocantico Hills estate. While the Gov­ known, he disclosed that he had signed a objection to the request of the gentle­ ernor was dancing the poor in New York second bill-passed quietly by the legisla­ man from New York? desperately need this program. ture--which would aut:!:lorize "all munici­ There was no objection. I say that if the poverty program in palities in the State, to conduct and partici­ Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, our my State fails, it lies at the door of the pate in the Federal anti-poverty program." water problems are becoming more and Republican Party. I have heard state­ And he noted that the city could transfer more serious. ments recently by a mayoralty candidate to "an appropriate agency of the New York Pollution in the Great Lakes has City government any pending application on the Republican side, or a part-time for Federal funds made in the name of this reached an alarming degree. The water Republican mayoralty candidate on the nonexistent corporation." level of the lakes is dangerously low. Republican side, that "the congressional But the harried city and Federal anti­ New York City and much of the north­ delegation from New York is ineffective," poverty officials didn't realize the import of east are in the midst of a drastic drought. and he, by way of a minor conceit, this phrase at first. A plan conceived by Thomas W. "energetically represents his constit­ Mrs. Anne Roberts, staff director of the · Kierans, a distinguished engineer of Sud­ uents." New York City program, was in despair at bury, Ontario, could provide long-range Where was that candidate while the the news. "We've worked months," she said, "and we get right down to the wire--and this solutions to all three of these problems. Governor was busy burying the poverty happens. It's too much for a human being It calls for diverting Hudson Bay­ program in New York State? Thank­ to take." bound rivers into the Great Lakes. fully, by reason of Mr. Sargent Shriver's Mr. Screvane said simply: "I'm shocked." This plan provides for an integrated, intercession, a plan was worked out with Representative ADAM CLAYTON POWELL, computer-controlled system for regulat­ the acting mayor of the city or New who has been a m111tant figure in attempting ing :flows and levels on the Great Lakes to bring about a larger role for the poor in York and we are going to get the $18.1 the program, called a hasty press conference and the St. Lawrence River that could million over the Governor's veto. What­ in Washington and denounced the Governor's supply adequate water for our foresee­ ever kind of Watusi he is doing, up in move as "heartless and cruel politics." able, consumptive needs. Albany-while the Governor is danc­ A top Shriver aid called the action "bizarre Our dependence on the Great Lakes and baffiing." · for water for various needs continually ing-we are going to get the money in Mayor Wagner said he was "mystified." New York without the help of the Repub­ But as the clock ticked on toward the end increases, but normal rainfall is far from lican administration in my State. of fiscal 1965-and the fund cutoff dead­ sufficient to keep t he lakes at the Mr. Speaker, I include as part of my line--Mr. Shriver, on an open line to New "normal" level. remarks the article from the Herald­ York, and Mr. Screvane finally saw a way The problem of pollution 1s closely out. linked to that of low water levels. The Tribune to which I referred: . They looked closely at the second blll and CrrY's FANTASTic POVERTY CRISis realized that simply by changing the name of greater inflow of water that would re­ At 6:20 p.m. yesterday, Jack Conway, top the corporation they could gu-arantee the sult from the diversion plan would cause 8.881stant to Federal poverty chief Sargent city's allocation. a faster turnover of water in the lakes, 15508 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 and this in tum would help to flush out nization, in the Pacific in World War II CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE pollutants. and participated in the first daylight and BOROUGH OF QUEENS, NEW YORK This plan could also provide a new night missions against the Japanese source of water for the New York City mainland. He saw combat action CITY, VOICE OF QUEENS BUSINESS metropolitan area. An abundance of against the Japanese flying from India, AND INDUSTRY water for New York could be assured China, and the Mariannas. He flew 22 · Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask if, as part of the diversion plan, water combat missions and 400 combat hours unanimous consent to address the House was in turn diverted from the Great in superfortresses. Before his 30th for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ Lakes into either the Hudson or Dela­ birthday, he had achieved the rank of marks, and to include extraneous matter. ware River watersheds. colonel. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there The United States and Canada, which Following World War II, he held im­ objection to the request of the gentle­ share a border on the Great Lakes, also portant assignments as the first com­ man from New York? share the problems of pollution and mander of the Atomic Test Center at There was no objection. Kirkland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, low lake levels. But only Canada has Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, at a the abundance of water that both na­ N.Mex., and with the Air Force Office of time in this Nation when increasing em­ tions need. Atomic Energy in the Pentagon. He was phasis is being placed on gainful em­ Time is running short. I hope that one of the first officers assigned to the ployment of our youth, as a deterrent to Secretary Rusk w111 act to speed up the Air Research and Development Com­ studies of Great Lakes pollution and mand when it was organized in 1950. juvenile delinquency and social unrest water levels now underway by the inter­ He attended both the Air Command and as well as a positive contribution toward Staff School and the Air War College. the economic development of the United national joint commission. States generally, I believe that credit I also hope that both the United States After a tour with NATO's Southern and Canada will give serious considera­ European Command in Naples, General should be given to any organization Hoisington spent 5% years with the which assumes a position of leadership tion to the great replenishment plan of in this laudatory endeavor. Mr. Kierans. Such a vast scheme un­ Strategic Air Command where he com­ doubtedly would involve enormous eco­ manded the 818th, 57th, 820th, and 6th Such an organization is the Chamber nomic, political, and technical problems. Air Divisions, respectively. As we all of Commerce of the Borough of Queens, The costs would be massive, although know, he has been head of Air Force leg­ New York City, which is recognized as they could be shared by the United States islative liaison for the Air Force since the voice of Queens business and in­ and Canada in proportion to the benefits July 1, 1962. dustry. each would receive. General Hoisington holds the Silver This past February, the Queens Cham­ But if the obstacles are gigantic, so is Star, the Distinguished Flying Cross with ber published an intensive booklet en­ our need to find solutions to an impend­ oak leaf cluster, the Air Medal, the Dis­ titled "Want a Job?" as a guideline for ing water crisis. tinguished Unit Badge, the Commenda­ today's younger generation in search of tion Ribbon, and numerous other cita­ employment. In keeping with this tions. He has just been presented with chamber's policy of trying to attain the MAJ. GEN. PERRY M. HOISINGTON n the Distinguished Service Medal for the best for its youth, its booklet follows the exemplary manner in which he has filled applicant from the moment he first de­ Mr. RIVERS of South Carolina. Mr. his last billet and I would like to include cides to search for a job to the day he Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to the citation accompanying that award at decides to leave. It numbers for the address the House for 1 minute, to re­ the conclusion of my remarks. reader ways of finding a suitable job, vise and extend my remarks, and to Mr. Speaker, Perry Hoisington takes placing the application, how to handle include extraneous matter. with him the greatest legacy a man can him or herself at the interview, knowing The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there have, the legacy of true friendship. We if this is the right· job, and so forth. objection to the request of the gentle­ will miss him on the Hill. It stresses for the applicant a good man from South Carolina? But, since he is the father of three appearance and applying alone and lists There was no objection. fine sons, we may look forward to some questions for the aspirant to ask the in­ Mr. RIVERS of South Carolina. Mr. day having another Hoisington in legis­ terviewer. Speaker, fortunate indeed is that rare lative liaison. While its original audience was grad­ man who is placed in a job for which he CITATION TO ACCOMPANY THE AWARD OF THE uating students, it is also being used as is perfectly suited. Such is the case DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL TO PERRY a "training tool" for potential school with Maj. Gen. Perry M. Hoisington II, M. HOISINGTON II dropouts. The pamphlet has been dis­ as Director of Legislative Liaison for the Maj. Gen. Perry M. Hoisington II distin­ tributed to nwnerous schools, employ­ Air Force. A man with a great natural guished himself by exceptionally meritorious ment agencies, job placement bureaus, gift for diplomacy, he was a natural for service to the United States in a position and divisions of the Department of La­ the difficult job of conducting liaison be­ of great responsibility as Director of Legis­ bor, as well as the members of the tween separate but equal branches of the lative Liaison, Office of the Secretary of the Queens Chamber. It has received praise Government. We are not so fortunate, Air Force, from July 1, 1962, to June 30, 1965. Throughout this time, the forceful leader­ from all who have used this pamphlet, however, for we are losing him. This · ship and the outstanding and dedicated including the New York City Board of fine officer and old friend ended his dis­ efforts of General Hoisington were instru­ tinguished Air Force career with retire­ Education. · mental in furthering the effectiveness of the I feel the Chamber of Commerce of ment on June 30. Air Force in its relations with the Office of To know Perry Hoisington is to like the President, Vice President, and Members the Borough of Queens, which I consider him; to know him well is to develop a of Congress. Through his initiative, reso­ one of the most progressive and stimu­ deep affection for a warm and colorful luteness, and outstanding professional abil­ lating of its kind in the United States, personality. To know him well is also ity, a wide range of legislative actions have deserves recognition and credit for the been enacted which will contribute materi­ publication of the "Want a Job?" book­ to appreciate the vigorous life, for he is ally to the future effectiveness of the U.S. · renowned as a sportsman. He is as good Air Force throughout the world. General let which is proving such a valuable as­ on a bobsled as he was at the controls Hoisington's devotion to duty, sound judg­ sistance to today's youth in looking for of a B-29 in the dark days of World ment, and understanding of congressional- · and finding jobs in our highly competi­ War II. military relationships have been of ines­ tive labor market. Perry Hoisington was literally bred in timable value in assisting the Air Force to meet its national and international commit­ the military system. He was born at ments. He has been most effective in creat­ West Point, the son of an Army colonel. ing an environment of congressional and . WIDE WORLD OF WYOMING He was also educated at West Point, fol­ public understanding of the Air Force role lowing study at Johns Hopkins Univer­ in the national security structure. The Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, I ask sity, and got his wings at Kelly Field, singularly distinctive ~ccomplishments of unanimous consent to address the House Tex., in 1940. He served with the 20th General Hoisington reflect the highest credit for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ Bomber Command, the first B-29 orga- upon himself ansubmarines from the sealanes of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there North Atlantic. In order to track down 75th anniversary of statehood and ex­ objection to the request of the gentle­ tend an invitation to every citizen to the Nazi U-boat, the U.S. Navy orga­ man from Florida? nized a number of task forces, consisting see an energetic, growing State offering There was no objection. unlimited opportunities in obtaining the of five or six destroyer escorts and one Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speak­ escort aircraft carrier. These forces, "good life" Americans have traditionally er, today I have introduced legislation sought. known as hunter-killer groups, proved to to require that 75 percent of the total be extremely effective. U.S. Government generated cargo Recently I was sent an interesting and shipped abroad be carried by American graphic account of a naval engagement THE NATIONAL PARTY CONVENTION ships. The present requirement of 50 MESS that took place in the North Atlantic percent has proved insufficient if this between a member of such a task force, Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Nation is to maintain a strong American the U.S.S. Baker-DE-190-and a 1,600 unanimous consent to address the House merchant marine. ton German submarine, the U-233. for 1 minute and to revise and extend The American shipping industry now July 5, 1965, will mark the ·21st anniver­ my remarks. carries only 9 percent of this Nation's sary of this unusual encounter and, as The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there total overseas traffic. So serious is the an officer aboard the Baker at the time, objection to the request of the gentle­ state of America's merchant marine, I can attest to the accuracy of the article man from Connecticut? and particularly when compared to Rus­ which follows. I am certain it will bring There was no objection. sia's, that urgent action is needed. back many memories to the officers and Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I was Maritime experts predict that Russia is men who took part in the battle of the pleased to read the recent strictures of estimated to overtake U.S. marine North Atlantic. General Eisenhower on the conduct of strength within 2 years if she continues The article follows: the Republican National Convention. her present rate of expansion. The So­ As a delegate to the Democratic Con­ viets, for example, are building some 15 ECHOES FROM THE DEEP vention I must admit that our convention times more ships than we are. (By J. Orville Nicholson, Sonarman First was even more of a mess from the stand­ It is clear that the Communists are en­ Class, USNR) point of the manner in which it was gaged in an all-out effort to dominate Victory was ours, and glory was within conducted. our grasp. Except for a tragic incident dur­ the world's sealanes by 1970. Russia may ing the final moments of a naval engagement I regretted, for example, seeing prom­ try to "bury us at sea." The importance on. July 5, 1944, the U.S.S. Baker would to­ inent delegates such as the mayor of of shipping strength, vital to national day be remembered as one of the two Ameri­ New York, Mayor Wagner, along with defense in time of war, and economic can warships that succeeded in capturing former Senator Benton, of Connecticut, strength in time of peace, should give and bringing to port a Nazi U-boat during trying in vain to gain admission to the every American cause for concern in view World War II; and Capt. N.C. Hoffman would convention hall because it was already of today's Communist maritime buildup. occupy a place of honor alongside Capt. Dan packed with television technicians and It should be noted that U.S. Govern­ Gallery. young people as well as other hangers ment cargoes constitute about half of the For some time after our entrance into the on who really had no business being on confiict, the role of our Navy in the Battle total shipments carried by American of the Atlantic was essentially defensive. the convention floor. ships. Increasing the requirement of Consequently our antisubmarine efforts Mr. Speaker, I am very happy to say Government cargo preference for U.S.­ were largely confined tO the protection of that Chairman Bailey of the Democratic ftag vessels would be a first step toward convoys supplying Allied overseas forces. 15510 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1, 1965 Even this was not always an easy or pleas­ on sonar watch. At the moment I was oper­ Smitty, and I), along With Lieutenant Ed­ ant task, for Nazi wolfpe.cks haunted the ating the search equipment, while Smitty, wards, manned the emergency sonar staltions, sealanes and took a heavy toll of shipping. who stood by !\Waiting his turn, was just some of us descending to the lower sound However, by the spring of 1944 our naval then writing a letter. room deep below the waterline, where the strength had grown sufficiently strong to per­ Whether Smitty ever finished his letter I equipment was manually operated. By mit the launching of an all-out attack on never learned, for right in the midst of its means of telephone communication with the Hitler's underseas raiders. Task forces, con­ composition we were alerted by a clear echo sound hut we succeeded in regaining and sisting of five or six destroyer escorts and of slightly high doppler at 2,000 yards range maintaintng contact With the submarine suf­ usually one escort airplane carrier ( k1ller almost dead ahead. We stared at each other ficient for the launchtng of another depth groups we called them) , were organized to in surprise. With the transmitter trained charge attack. track down the prowlers wherever they might on the same bearing we listened again for an At the time we could not know that our be. The Nazi U-boat was stlll a crafty, echo, and back it came, clear and strong. second run was really unnecessary-that one dangerous hunter; but he had at last become But perhaps we were receiving the trans­ explosive from the first attack had scored a also the hunted. mission signal of another ship operating on direct hit on the submarine's aft torpedo Of all the ships that took part in this our frequency. We should soon find out. At compartment, rupturing watertight fittings phase of naval warfare, none had a more the next automatic transmission, one of us and causing a precipitous descent to a depth exciting and victorious, yet frustrating, ex­ (probably Smitty) tapped the manual key so of 300 teet before the damaged area could perience than the U.S.S. Baker. as to send out a double ping. Back came be closed off and peak tanks blown in order The U.S.S. Baker (DE-190) was a young ping-ping. We were not hearing signals to surface. ship, having been commissioned only 2 days from a sister ship or any other. Those echoes We did not remain long in the lower sound before the previous Christmas. Many of its were coming from something big, solid, mov­ room, for soon, over the speaker system, we crew had been civ11lans less than 6 months ing. heard the command, "Stand by to ram." before coming aboard that first t ime. In I called to the officer of the deck, "Check That lower sound room was no pla.ce to be fact, only a skeleton crew could be regarded bearing one-one-zero, range two-oh-double­ trapped during a ramming. So, without even as experienced. But under the capable di­ oh" (sonar lingo for 110° true bearing a.t waiting for permission, up the ladder we rection of Capt. L. B. LockwOOd, hds officer 2,000 yards range), and Lieutenant Prickett scrambled in double time--or faster. And, staff, and divisional leaders we soon devel­ replied, "Bearing clear." It was not a surface as we emerged topside, we heard our deck oped into an effective fighting force. vessel. This had to be a submarine con­ guns flring. Within 20 minutes of our orig­ Three weeks of shakedown cruise in Ber­ ta~t. inal sonar contact, the U-boa,t (larger than muda, a few more days of mechanical in­ Immediately the Baker attacked. A!J the our own ship) had surfaced 1,400 yards away, spection and personnel training, loading of general alarm sounded, all hands rushed to rearing its bow high in the evening sky-like supplies at Norfolk, and the Baker assumed their battle stations in record time as if every Washington's Monument, as the boys who its first serious wartime duty by taking its man knew what was happening. Smitty in­ saw described it. assigned position as one member of the stantly went behind me, over me, or under SCarcely had the submarine settled level escort screen guarding a huge convoy en me (we could never recall just how) to the on the ocean surface before Lieutenant Wils­ route to the Mediterranean. Zigzagging 1n recorder-his specialty and battle station­ ford's gunners were wrecking it with deadly and out on. the perimeter of the creeping and within seconds relieved me of reporting accuracy. Perhaps by accident (perhaps not) flotma day and night, we searched the air, range, which he synchronized perfectly with an occasional star shell was flred, making the surface of the sea, and the ocean depths my reports of bearing. "Range one-six­ the conning tower a blazing inferno--a de­ tor any enemy that dared threaten our double-oh, slight bow traces, range rate 12," layed Fourth of July bonfire. precious cargoes. came the first announcement from the re­ corder operator. How any enemy gunner imagined that he For the six sonarmen aboard, two such Attacking at a speed of 15 knots we soon could man their deck gun (bigger than any uneventful (although successful) voyages covered the nautical mile to our target. As of ours) is difficult to conceive. Neverthe­ across the Atlantic--weeks of listening to the range closed, the range rate finally less, one desperately attempted to do just the incessant ping of our echo-ranging reached 16; the echoes became louder and that and nearly succeeded. One of our equipment, listening for an echo to chase clearer; and then at short range we could quartermasters, standing In the hatchway and hearing none--this was utter boredom. hear the telltale propeller beat. The U-boat of the pilothouse, exclaimed, "Mr. Fleming, And when, in early June we learned of our was moving slowly, without any apparent they are going to man their big gun," and new assignment, we eagerly anticipated a evasive maneuver-a fact almost too sur­ handed Lieutenant Fleming a pair of more active kind of duty that should produce prising to believe. binoculars. at least some excitement. At a range of approximately 75 yards we But our executive officer never did see In the new assignment DE-190 became one lost contact, and then we knew that the either that gun or the gunner. Before Mr. of five destroyer escorts which joined the sub was not deep. Because of a final slight Fleming could focus the binoculars, all aircraft carrier U.S.S. Carel to form a new bearing of target to port, Lieutenant Ed­ three of the Baker's 3-inch guns roared k1ller group. Following our second convoy wards, our sonar officer, ordered left rudder In unison. And, when the smoke cleared, voyage, Captain Lockwood had received a and 5 seconds delay in firing. Smitty proper­ both gun and gunner were gone--swept promotion to other duties and had turned ly adjusted the recorder and waited for that clean off the deck-and only broken deck over command of the Baker to his executive instrument to indicate the exact instant cables remained to mark the spot whence officer, Lt. Comdr. N.C. Hoffman. tor firing each salvo of our lethal depth they had disappeared. Our first new theater of operations was the charge pattern. Bel!eve it or not, this most Throughout the battle Captain Hoffman, North Atlantic. So at Norfolk Navy Yard important moment was determined by a a veteran and survivor of the 111-fated Okla­ we loaded stores and ammunition, including sonarman operating electronic equipment, homa at Pearl Harbor, stood fearlessly bare­ a new type of depth charge, and headed rather than by the captain or some other headed on the flying bridge and directed the north during the latter part of June. commissioned officer. action. Three times I presented him a hel­ On previous voyages we sonarmen had "Roll one,'' shouted Smitty through the met and persuaded him to put it on. Three spent part of our watch duty as lookouts. speaker tube to the bridge phone control times he removed it and laid it aside. I But at the beginning of this cruise we re­ talker. At interval and, "Roll two,'' came gave up the fruitless effort. quested that both of the sonarmen on watch the word from the recorder operator. Just The surfaced submarine was soon in no be permitted to remain in the sound hut then the excited control-talker unfroze and position to resist--its only torpedo compart­ ready for immediate action. Call it intui­ relayed both commands in rapid succession ment wrecked, the big deck gun gone, its tion if you will, but we were sure that we to the depth charge stations. Immediately antiaircraft guns useless. So, with its rud­ were soon to see action. The officers, and six depth charges were launched almost der set on a course dead ahead, survivors especially the captain, must have felt like­ simultaneously, two from the stern racks, began abandoning the helpless craft and Wise, for our request was granted. four from the K-guns. Thereafter, the re­ awaiting our mercy in their inflated life­ June passed without incident. July 4 ar­ mainder of the pattern was launched orderly rafts. rived and departed Without any fireworks. in proper response to word from the recorder Our captain abandoned his plan to ram July 5 was passing in the same peaceful way. operator. Caught in the middle of 13 ex­ the submarine. That action had become A light breeze rippled the otherwise calm ploding underwater lx>mbs, any target would unnecessary. The capture of such a valu­ surface of the North Atlantic, and our eve­ be lucky to escape. able enemy naval vessel would be a victory ning bathythermograph reading indicated Soon after we passed over the sub, sonar much greater than sending the doomed craft that echo-ranging conditions were good, as contact was regained on our port quarter. to a watery grave. So we followed the aban­ the Baker took its evening station 9 miles But when the explosive force of our 500- doned U-233 at a close, but safe, distance to port of the carrier and screening escorts.· pound depth charges began erupting the sea on its starboard quarter; and Captain Hoff­ The enemy (as we later learned) was aware like geysers, our own ship was thoroughly man ordered the ship's flrst lieutenant and of our presence in the area but had not shaken. Deck plating bounced and rattled; damage control officer, Lt. ARMISTEAD SELDEN, anticipated this maneuver. By 7:07 p.m. electric tans fell !rom compartment bulk­ to leave his battle station and prepare a local time the task force was cruising near heads; and, what was worse, our sonar re­ boarding party to man the abandoned sub­ Sable Island, and DE-190 was headed on a mote control equipment was damaged, and marine. Victory was already ours, and the course almost due east at a search speed of contact was lost again. Hurriedly all six Baker's prize crew was loading into her mo­ 12 knots. Larry Smith (Smitty) and I were sonarmen (Yurt, Weatherford, Judd, Meyers, tor whaleboat when an incredible incident July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15511 prevented us from achieving the ultimate of ters, killlng everyone in that compartment country is but a few days removed from naval success .. at the time. the Independence Day of Burundi, At the time of our 1ntiaJ contact on the We had reason to believe that our inter­ Ghana, Rwanda, and Somali that to­ submarine, Captain Hoffman radioed the task ception of the enemy had occurred just in day we celebrate. All our own coun­ force commander over our TBS that we had time. It was not an accident that torpedoes made sonar contact and were attacking. were being serviced that evening. The try and the four new nations of Africa, From their position 9 miles away the other prowler was nearing the shipping lanes off have emerged from the status of colonies 4 destroyer escorts and the CVE (aircraft Nova Scotia. Those missiles could have to that of free and sovereign nations. We carrier) hurried to the scene of action, with wrought havoc to unsuspecting merchant­ are reminded how much we have in the commanding U.S.S. Thomas (DE-102) men before another dawn. Or who could common and our hope and prayer is that leading the way. But before the Thomas say that those torpedoes were not being prepared for sinking our own escort carrier, the good fortune with which our efforts and the others arrived, the battle was over; have met will attend the efforts of our the sub had been abandoned by its surviv­ the U.S.S. Card, that very night? For a dar­ ors, and the Baker was preparing to finish ing Nazi U-boat had sent the Card's sister African friends. the task at hand in an honorable manner. ship, the U.S.S. Block Island, to the bottom BURUNDI We should have welcomed the assistance of off the Azores one dark night only 2 months The Kingdom of Burundi, the south­ the Thomas as well as the rest of the task earlier. force in completing the capture of our await­ In the wanton destruction of the U-233, ern half of the former U.N. Trust Ter­ ing prize of war. Captain Kellogg of the Thomas had ritory of Ruanda-Urundi, is situated in However, as the DE-102 drew near, it be­ achieved his goal; for, in an Associated Press the heart of central Africa, 1,200 miles came obvious that our task force commander release a year later (July 15, 1945) , he was from the Atlantic Ocean and 700 miles had no desire to cooperate with the Balcer. quoted as stating, regarding the incident, from the Indian Ocean. It lies directly And it was, therefore, bitter frustration that "We always had an ambition to ram an east of the Kivu Province of the Republic our crew experienced as the Thomas charged enemy submarine, and we got our wish." of the Congo-Leopoldville. It has an across our bow at a dangerously close range, Despite a measure of disappointment, the crew of the Baker was proud to have made area of 10,744 square miles, slightly heedless of Captain Hoffman's angry vehe­ smaller than that of the State of Mary­ ment protests shouted over the shortrange this worthy contribution toward winning radio, and, with guns blazing at the helpless, the battle of the Atlantic. That was our land. abandoned U-boat, rammed its defenseless duty, that was our ambition-to fight on For more than four centuries Burundi victim. All we could do was stand by in and on until victory and peace were ours. has been characterized by a stable feu­ consternation, watch the submarine and And so, after a few days in Boston Navy dalistic society with a caste system and a the Thomas wallow about on the surface for Yard, where some necessary minor repairs ruling king-Mwami. This society a moment, then bid sad farewell to the were made, the Baker took command of our task force, leaving the considerably dam­ evolved through relatively peaceful ar­ dark bow of our prize as it sank stern first rangements between the invading Tutsi below the surface of the deep North Atlantic. aged Thomas in port; and we were soon And to the bottom went also the 66 mines again searching the trackless expanse of the cattle breeders and the original Hutu Atlantic, listening for more echoes from the farming population. it carried (intended for Canadian and United deep. States shipping l,anes) as well as the valuable Although Burundi was visited briefly m111tary data we might have obtained from by several European explorers and mis­ the 1,600-ton minelayer. Damage to the bow BURUNDI, GHANA, RWANDA, AND sionaries, notably Burton and Speke in of the DE-102 was considerable, necessitat­ SOMALI 1858, Livingstone in 1871, and the White ing 2 weeks of shipyard repair. So it is Fathers in 1879, it was not until the last not difficult to understand the attitude of Mr. O'HARA of Tilinois. Mr. Speaker, decade of the 19th century that this the Baker's crew, who felt that the Thomas I ask unanimous consent to address the well deserved such reward, and more, for area along with Rwanda, came under her meddling. ·House for 1 minute and to revise and European administration as part of Ger­ After the sinking of the U-233, all five extend my remarks. man East Africa. Belgian troops from destroyer escorts joined in picking up sur­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the Congo occupied both countries in vivors. As the Baker approached a group objection to the request of the gentle­ 1916, and after World War I, Burundi floating in liferafts, many of our boys con­ man from nlinois? and Rwanda were mandated to Belgium gregated on the forward deck, some unwitt­ There was no objection. as the territory of Ruanda-Urundi. ingly carrying handguns. One word of Mr. O'HARA of lliinois. Mr. Speaker, Following World War II, Ruanda­ warning from our captain, and all firearms this is the birthday of four of the new disappeared. Perhaps the survivors had seen Urundi became a U.N. trust territory the weapons. If so, that explains why those nations of Africa--Burundi, Ghana, with Belgium as the administering au­ we rescued had been at first reluctant to co­ Rwanda, and Somali-and to them, thority. operate. But, when the hand guns disap­ their governments and their peoples go The new government was granted in­ peared and Captain Hoffman stood up in the our congratulations and the every good ternal autonomy by Belgium on January starboard lookout station on the fiying wish of the Government, the Congress, 1, 1962. In addition to granting inde­ bridge and beckoned to them, they eagerly and the people of the United States. pendence, the resolution recognized the accepted the lifelines tossed to them from We rejoice that to these lands in Africa right of Burundi to make its own security the Balcer. They looked more than pleased has come the blessing of freedom, and to come aboard, for they were purple with arrangements and provided for the estab­ cold a!ter their swim in the 50° ocean. We we note with satisfaction the progress lishment of a U.N. representative in treated our captives courteously, made them each has made in the brief period of its Burundi to supervise U.N. technical as­ comfortable in warm clothing, and, before independence. sistance. nightfall, had transferred them to the air­ To Burundi, Ghana, Rwanda, and The problems facing the Burundi Gov­ craft carrier by way of a breeches buoy. Somali, and all the other sovereign na­ ernment are numerous and the country Our task force rescued a total of 29 sur­ tions of Africa the United States extends vivors, one of whom was the skipper of the is in great need for foreign technical and the hand of friendship and helpfulness. financial assistance. U-233, Kapitan Lieutenant Hans Steen, for As they gain in wealth and in power, as the past 5 years one of Hitler's able U-boat they more and more conquer the eternal The United States expects to main­ commanders. Unfortunately, he had been tain friendly relations with the Burundi fatally wounded by our shelling and died foes of mankind-hunger, disease, igno­ that night aboard the carrier en route to rance--so will the fortresses of freedom Government and people and encourage Boston. He cursed the crew of the U.S.S. be strengthened and our own security them in the use of their newly found in­ Baker, we were told, to his last breath. advanced in a world of abundance, free­ dependence so as to provide conditions From survivors it was further learned that dom, and peace. which will make stable, effective govern­ our attack caught the enemy by surprise. In that undertaking-the attainment ment and peaceful development possible They were unaware that we were near until for all the Burundi people. suddenly they heard our screws passing over­ of a better world of material substance head, and then it was too late. At the and spiritual uplif1r-the United States I am happy to congratulate Burundi moment of our first depth charge attack, and the new nations of Africa are linked and His Excellency Leon Ndenzako, Am­ sailors on the U-233 were servicing torpedoes. in a precious and eternal partnership. bassador to the United States from the One torpedo, rush.lng back into its tube as All that we seek is the welfare of our Kingdom of Burundi. the craft upended, caught a luckless tech­ brother, With the assurance that if all is GHANA nician in the midsection and disemboweled well with our brother all will be well him on the spot. Then, too, we were told with us. Ghana became an independent state that one shell from the Baker's guns scored It is a happy circumstance, Mr. Speak­ in 1957, when the United Kingdom re­ a direct hit on the chief petty officer's quar- er, that the Independence Day of our own linquished its control over the colony of 15512 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 1, 1965 the Gold Coast and Ashanti, the North­ work out its eventual political relation­ support of the United Nations and all ern Territories Protectorate, and British ships with its neighbors; with Africa in international organizations in which the Togoland. general, and with the rest of the world. Republic has a moral or material interest. To accelerate the transformation of Some progress has been made. The primary objectives of U.S. policy Ghana from an essentially agricultural, Rwanda has joined the African and with respect to the Somali Republic in­ tribally oriented society into a modern Malagasy Union-UAM, and in Septem­ clude: First, the maintenance of friendly semi-industralized state, the government ber 1963 it joined the International cooperative relations; second, the preser­ has placed great emphasis on political Monetary Fund. The Parmehutu party vation of Somalia's independence, within and economic organization, endeavoring has steadily consolidated its strength. a democratic framework; and third, en­ through labor, youth, farm, cooperative Belgium and several other countries are couragement of and assistance in the and other associations integrated with considering ways to help me-et the an­ balanced and orderly development of the the Convention People's Party to increase ticipated balance-of-payments deficit economy of the Republic. both stability and productivity. caused by the coffee crop failure in 1963. On behalf of the Committee on For­ The development plans for Ghana are Belgium has continued to furnish con­ eign Affairs, and I am sure the entire largely related to the Volta River project, siderable budgetary support and, with membership of the House I extend to the a hydroelectric and aluminum smelter the United Nations, continues to supply Somali Republic and to her Charge scheme which it is estimated will cost technical assistance. The United States d'Affaires in the United States, the able over $300 million and to which U.S. pri­ is furnishing aid under title III of Public and popular Dr. Ali Hassan, congratula­ vate industry, the U.S. Government and Law 480 and has two development proj­ tions on her national holiday. other international organizations, the ects under study: a new water system Mr. MATSUNAGA. Mr. Speaker, I United Kingdom and Ghana itself is and a new telephone system for Kigali. wish to commend the distinguished gen­ contributing. Ghana is spending $98 In an effort to help itself, Rwanda has tleman from Illinois [Mr. O'HARA] for million on the project and to date has adopted a real austerity program. calling to the attention of the Congress fulfilled her commitments on repay­ The United States will continue to the importance of this day to the several ments of loans made. maintain friendly relations with the rising free nations of Africa. I wish to One other significant point I would Rwanda Government and will encourage join our esteemed colleague who has mention is that during the hearings last them in the use of their newly found in­ shown great leadership in the recognition week on African students and study pro­ dependence so as to provide conditions of our new friends in the developing but grams, which the Subcommittee on which will make stable, effective govern­ yet too little known area of our one world. Africa held, the Ghanian Ambassador, ment and peaceful development for all CONGRATULATIONS TO THE PEOPLE OF BURUNDI His Excellency Miguel Angustus Ribeiro, the Rwandan people possible. ON THEIR INDEPENDENCE DAY attended one of the sessions. Before he I am pleased to convey the best wishes Mr. Speaker, 3 years ago today, on July departed he had some interesting re­ of the House to Rwanda and to His Ex­ 1, 1962, Burundi became an independent marks to make including the fact that cellency Celestin Kabanda, Ambassador state. The American people welcome the his government is very grateful to the to the United States from the Republic winning of nationhood and we are glad Government of the United States and of Rwanda. that the Kingdom of Burundi can today various private institutions for the SOMALI REPUBLIC celebrate its third anniversary of inde­ assistance given to their students in The Somali Republic, located on the pendence. Africa and this country. He graciously northeast coast of Africa, comprises the After the Berlin Conference of 1884-85 added that it was his feeling that stu­ former trust territory of Somaliland Burundi fell under German influence, dents trained in this country are con­ under Italian administration and the and the history of Burundi under ·Ger­ sidered more practical and are in fact former British protectorate of Somali­ man administration was marked by con­ more useful than students trained in land. Bounded on the north, east, and stant factional struggles and intertribal other countries. south by the Gulf of Aden and the rivalry. During World War I, Belgian We extend our best wishes to the Re­ Indian Ocean, and on the west by French troops occupied the country, and in 1923 public of Ghana on her national day, to Somaliland, Ethiopia, and Kenya, the Belgium was awarded the mandate over the government and the people of one country is shaped like a large seven and Rwanda-Urundi by the League of Na­ of the new nations of the world, the forms the point of the Horn of Africa. tions. In 1946 Rwanda-Urundi became progress of which has been a source of Its area totals some 246,000 miles, just a U.N. trust territory under Belgium ad­ satisfaction. slightly smaller than that of Texas. ministration. Finally, in 1961 the peo­ Mr. Speaker, during the period when The original inhabitants of the area ple of Burundi were allowed to decide the Volta project was under considera­ were members of various Hamitic groups their own future. Almost unanimously tion, I was one of its strong advocates who mingled, particularly along the they expressed their desire to become an and joined my recommendation with coastal regions, with Arab traders, and independent state. others that were presented to President an Arab sultanate was founded in the During the 3 years of independence, Kennedy. I have been greatly pleased 7th century, A.D., by Koreishite immi­ the people and the Government of Bu­ by the progress that has been made in grants from the Yemen. During the rundi have proven to the world that it the construction and give full credit to 15th and 16th centuries the Portuguese was indeed a wise choice. Three years President Kwame Nkrumah, and to Chad landed in the Somali territories to carry of nationhood have shown that Burundi Calhoun as well as to many others who · out trade activities and for a while ruled will safeguard its independence; at the in large or f'\ffialler measure have con­ some of the towns on the coast. Later, same time, Burundi has chosen the laud­ tributed to the success of the project. the Sultan of Zanzibar came to control able path of international cooperation RWANDA certain of the coastal towns and sur­ to achieve its many worthwhile goals. The Republic of Rwanda, which con­ rounding territory. May it serve as an example to the rest stitutes the northern half of the forme-r The new Republic embarked upon its of the world that here a young nation U.N. Trust Territory of Ruanda-Urundi, independence confronted with the task decided not to isolate itself from the is situated in the heart of central Africa, . of assuring that it would have sufficiEmt world, but to immediately take part in 1,200 miles from the Atlantic Ocean and foreign financial assistance to meet its the great new effort to make this a bet­ 700 miles from the Indian Ocean. It budgetary and developmental needs. As ter world to live in-for states and people lies directly east of the Kivu Province of a stable country and as a working par­ alike. On September 18, 1962, only a the Republic of the Congo-Leopoldville. liamentary democracy, Somalia has, month and a half after Burundi became With an area of 10,169 square miles, among the African countries, achieved a a free country, no longer under the tu­ Rwanda is slightly larger than Vermont. good record. telage of a foreign power, it chose to be­ The immediate problems facing the In foreign affairs the Somali Republic come a member of the United Nations. new Rwanda Government are numerous. follows a policy of nonalinement. It was The economic union of Burundi with It must provide for its own internal se­ admitted to membership in the United Rwanda is a further indication of its curity by completing the training of and Nations at the 15th session of the Gen­ belief in the value of cooperation and by maintaining a well-equipped military eral Assembly on September 20, 1960. coordination among states. It took arm. It must concentrate on its con­ One of the basic objectives of the Somali Europe centuries to learn and under­ siderable economic problems, and it must Government might be said to include stand the value of economic integration; July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15513 Burundi has made international under­ Rwanda was made a league mandate When European powers once again set standing its goal from the very begin­ under Belgian administration. off to discover the world, and in the ning. In 1956 the first step was taken from process obtahi for themselves new terri­ The Kingdom of Burundi has to face feudalism to democracy when the Bel­ tories, they rediscovered the eastern many cllillcult tasks. It is one of the gian governor allowed the electoral col­ horn of Africa and the peoples residing most densely populated countires in leges at certain levels to be chosen by there. After a long period of colonial Africa, and though it is poor in known the entire adult male population. From rivalry, it was the French, the British, natural resources the country has this point on, the political influence of and the Italians who appropriated for achieved a measure of self-sufficiency the Hutus grew steadily, resulting from themselves different sections of the So­ in food. Transportation and communi­ the establishment of a coffee industry, mali homeland. It was not until after cation systems are being improved. for which they did not have to depend World War II, however, that specific With the help of the U.N., a survey mis­ on their overlords, from an increase in promises of independence were made to sion outlined a development plan for the number of educated Hutus, and from the Somali people. By 1956, as a result, the next 10 years. Increased invest­ their support by the Catholic church. the population of former Italian Somali­ ment is to provide for a per capita na­ Finally in 1959, the Hutus rose and in­ land was in nearly complete control of tional revenue increase of 45 percent. sisted on holding territorial chieftain­ domestic a:ffairs, and both the British The people of Burundi will benefit from ships. and the Italians were laying the ground­ these programs. Public health pro­ In 1961, the Parmehutu-Parti du work for 1960, the date by which the grams have been launched against Mouvement de !'Emancipation Hutu­ United Nations had guaranteed inde­ smallpox, tuberculosis, and malaria. convened and proclaimed the abolish­ pendence to the Somalis. There are social centers for women and ment of the monarchy and the establish­ The Somalis used their period of in­ youth. Urban centers are well planned. ment of a republic, with the party leader, ternal autonomy well: This experience Education is free for children between Gregoire Kayibanda, as premier. A few and their long tradition of individual the ages of 7 and 16, and more technical months later the United Nations held participation in the political life of the and teacher-training schools are being elections to assess the popular support country laid an unshakable foundation built. of the Parmehutu action: The result was of democratic government. Unlike We look with great respect to the overwhelmingly against any restoration nearly every other country in the achievements of the people and the Gov­ of the monarchy. Kayibanda was soon world-including some European ones ernment of Burundi. The persevering elected President, and on July 1, 1962, with longer histories-the Somalis have spirit and their past experiences cannot Rwanda was granted full independence. emerged from nearly a year of govern­ but lead us to believe that Burundi will Since its independence, Rwanda has mental crisis with their democratic in­ meet the challenges of the future with been faced with extremely grave social stitutions still firm and operating. courage and success. We extend con­ problems resulting .from the sudden Within this tradition, and with the gratulations to Burundi with the great­ overthrow of a centuries-old nobility. help of some foreign aid and a govern­ est pleasure. It is a small, severely overpopulated mental program sponsoring new and var­ CONGRATULATIONS TO THE PEOPLE OF RWANDA country which must avidly pursue pro­ ied industrial and agricultural growth, ON THE THmD ANNIVERSARY OF THEm grams of economic development, through the political and economic future of So­ INDEPENDENCE agricultural experimentation and indus­ malia looks bright indeed. In achieving Mr. Speaker, today, the first of July trial expansion. In achieving social and their desired goals, we wish the Somalis 1965, also marks the third anniversary political stability and mode:ration, and every possible success, and particularly of the independence of the Republic ot in developing rapidly and expanded and congratulate them on their obvious com­ Rwanda, a small nation in central Africa stable economy, we wish the Republic of mitment to the ideals of a free and once united with Burundi as a United Rwanda every success. democratic society. Nations trusteeship territory of Belgium. CONGRATULATIONS TO THE PEOPLE OF SOMALIA Mr. FARNUM. Mr. Speaker, July 1 is The history of Rwanda, ancient and ON THE FIFl'H ANNIVERSARY OF THEm an historic date for three of our African modern, revolves almost completely INDEPENDENCE neighbors. To name them in alphabeti­ around the relationships between the Mr. Speaker, 5 years ago today, on cal order, they are the Kingdom of two dominant tribes, the Bahutu, of July 1, 1960, the new nation of Somalia Burundi, Rwanda, and the Somali Re­ Bantu stock, and the Watutsi, of Hami- was born. Unlike most other African public. tic origins. The Hutu arrived from the nations which had only one colonial Burundi, where King Mwambutsa IV north and supplanted the earliest known power administering their affairs, the reigns, achieved independence on July 1, inhabitants of the area, a pygmy tribe. Somalis were divided· up among the 1962. During the 15th century, the tall, war- French, the British, and the Italians. Rwanda, which has as its President, rior-nomad Watutsi entered Rwanda Yet, the Somalis in the short space of 5 Gregoire Kayibanda, also gained inde­ from the north and the east; because years have managed to create a stable pendence on July 1,1962. their control of the most prized com- and equitable fusion of at least two parts Somali, whose President is Aden Ab­ modity, cattle, they gained supremacy of their divided country-the former dulla Osman, marks July 1, 1960, as its over the Hutu. For several centuries Italian Somaliland and former British independence day. the Watutsi remained as overlords of Somaliland-and also demonstrate a I believe it may be stated as the sense the Hutu, a nobility controlling the cui- profound and abiding commitment to of the people of the United States that ture, wealth, and politics of the country, democratic institutions. our hope is to maintain friendly rela­ but also protecting the Hutu population Perhaps the fact that Somalia has for tions with each of these proud nations from the incursions of Arab slave millenia been the object of covetous con­ ·and to ever remind them of the lessons to traders. querors has helped to weld the Somali be learned from our own history in our German explorers followed Stanley people into a more unified whole. It is struggles to use our independence as a and Livingstone into central Africa dur- thought by many, for example, that ihe means to attain peaceful development ing the 19th century. After the Berlin fabled "Punt" of the ancient Egyptians of our talents. Conference of 1884-1885, the German is what is today known as Somalia. It Our hope today, I am sure, is that each sphere of influence was extended to in- was to' this land that Queen Hatshepsut of these nations may fulfill its destiny sent an immense fleet and army in order under freedom, with whatever assistance elude Rwanda and its neighboring state, to control the ancient world's supply of we may be able to render. Burundi. The German occupation was such precious items as ivory, frankin­ Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, on July chiefly military; administration of in- cense, myrrh, rare plumes, and similar 1, 1960, the Republic of Ghana was born. ternal affairs was left in the hands of . valuables. Until the decline of Rome, In 1957 the United Kingdom had relin­ the traditional authorities, who ruled every single power of the ancient world quished its control over the Gold coast according to traditional methods. This was interested in -obtaining a monopoly and granted it complete independence form of indirect administration was con- of these things, and as a result, sent ex­ within the British Commonwealth. This tinued by the Belgians, who first occu- peditions to conquer the land from gave Ghana the special distinction of pied the territory in 1916. With Bu- which they believed these items origi­ being the first former African colony to rundi in 1923, and later with the Congo, nated. achieve independence. Three years 15514 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 after this historic event, the people of Minister of Ghana and President of the Even under the broadest and most liberal Ghana felt that a new constitution in United Nations General Assembly, Alex rural housing loan program that might be conceived, most of these people would remain keeping with the African tradition and Quaison-Sackey. "unassistable." Only a grant program could culture was more in tune with the per­ The people of the United States are help them. sonality of their country, and so desired proud to congratulate our friends in For 4 years, 1950-53, the rural grant pro­ to become an independent republic. Ghana on the fifth anniversary of their gram was very modest--only 790 individual Five years ago today, the Queen of Eng­ republican Constitution. We wish for grants were made for a total of $363,600. land ceased to be Ghana's Head of State them continued progress, prosperity, and In 1953, the rural housing grant program and the Constitution of the Republic of peace. was discontinued. Reasons for dropping the Ghana delegated· this function to the program remain vague and inconclusive. President. At that time, the former Among the reasons offered by those respon­ GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND sible for the program's administration were: Prime Minister, Kwame Nkrumah, be­ That the program was largely "unused" came President. REMARKS and therefore unnecessary. We in the United States are pleased to Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, That a "grant" was antithetical to the note that during the 1930's the young I ask unanimous consent that any Mem­ American concept of free enterprise. man who would eventually hold his na­ bers who desire to do so may have 6 days That Government housing programs--if tion's highest office was a· student at any--should be loan programs geared. and in which to extend their remarks in the directed to overcoming the vast backlog of Pennsylvania's Lincoln University. RECORD on the subject I have just dis­ housing shortages created by the material Many other Ghanian students are pres­ cussed. and manpower shortages of World War II. ently following President Nkrumah's ex­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to As is usually the case, the people in pov­ ample and are studying in the United the request of the gentleman from nu­ erty were voiceless during this dialog and States. We hope that they will con­ nois? their problem was discarded as unimportant. tinue to come although they now have . There was no objection. But the slums of rural America didn't go many institutions of higher learning in away simply because they were ignored. Ghana, including a technical college in They increased. RURAL HOUSING GRANT PROGRAM Recognizing this, President Kennedy and Kumasi and a university-college in Congress revived the rural housing grant Legon. Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask program by making funds available in the Ghana is symbolically named for an unanimous consent to address the House Supplemental Appropriation Act in the fall ancient West African kingdom centered for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ of 1961. about a capital believed to be represented marks, and to include extraneous matter. In the first full year, fiscal year 1963, under today by the ruins of Kaumbi Saleh, 200 The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the newly revived. program, more than 1,300 grants for a total of over $1 million were miles north of Bamako in the Sudanese objection to the request of the gentle­ made, as compared to only 123 grants for Republic. The present inhabitants of man from Kentucky? $54,000 in 1953, the last year of the old grant Ghana are believed to be descendants of There was no objection. program. tribes which migrated from this area. Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, the De­ In 1964, grants increased to 5,841 for a total The first migatory movement probably partment of Agriculture has furnished of $4.8 million. Behind these figures, ls a came down the Volta River around the me, at my request, a history of the ac­ great and heartwarming story. beginning of the 13th century. complishments of the rural housing grant The east Kentucky story Ghana is the world's leading source of program. I am most hopeful that the About a month before his death, late in cocoa, producing about one-third of the House conferees on appropriations will go October 1963, President Kennedy decided world's total. An expanding timber in­ along with the Senate version of making that the Federal Government should initi­ dustry produces important quantities of grants available for poor people through­ ate an impact program to relieve the winter mahogany and other wood products. out America in rural areas in order that hardship of people in eastern Kentucky. This 44-county area was one of the most des­ Ghana is trying to bulld industries which they may have funds to renovate dilapi­ perate and critical pockets of poverty in the will supplement its agricultural economy. dated homes where otherwise it would be whole distressed Appalachia region. The United States, through the Devel­ impossible for them to provide the neces­ The Farmers Home Administration was opment Loan Fund and the Export-Im­ sary repairs. called upon as one of the principal agencies port Bank is lending $37 million to the I supported with enthusiasm yester­ to go into the area with its rural housing Volta River Authority which is con­ day, a program to subsidize rents of low­ grant program and "do a job." structing a dam, power station, and income families eligible for public hous­ In less than a month, Farmers Home Ad­ transmission grid. The completed proj­ ministration was taking applications and ing in the cities of this country. We making grants. To spread the word about ect will be administered along the lines should not forget our rural people who the emphasis to be given this work, FHA of our own Tennessee Valley Authority. will not benefit in the rent subsidy pro­ personnel ~sed every line of ·communica­ A consortium of private American com­ gram. Many rural people on public as­ tion-local newspapers, radio, organizations, panies plan to build and operate an sistance have absolutely no hope of ob­ clergy, welfare agencies, and their own staff. aluminum smelter which will transform taining the financing necessary to make The word spread. Soon, county FHA Ghana's bauxite into highly valuable the repairs to their hom~s · which are offices were swamped with applications and aluminum. essential for health and protection c.dditional FHA personnel had to be de­ Mr. Alex Quaison-Sackey, Ghana's new against weather. ployed from other areas of the State to Foreie:n Minister and the permanent rep­ The program · history referred to handle the work. Every applicant had to resentative at the United Nations, was follows: be personally investigated to determine unanimously elected President of the THE RURAL HOUSING GRANT PROGRAM: A whether he was eligible for a grant or loan. 19th session of the United Nations Gen­ HISTORY OF ITS ACCOMPLISHMENT Grants were made only in the extreme hard­ erally Assembly. The leadership of Mr. In 1949, the 81st Congress passed the Hous­ ship cases. Quaison-Sackey has received the admira­ ing Act of 1949. One of the notable features Because the grant money in each individ­ tion of the entire world. He very ably of this act was a provision of title V, pro­ ual case was small compared to the job that presided over this year's 2(}th anniversary viding for grants of $500 to poverty-level had to be done, great care had to be taken celebration of the signing of the United rural individuals for minor repairs and im­ in the purchase of materials and constant Nations Charter in San Francisco. It provements to make their homes safe and supervision of construction was maintained free of health hazards. In 1962 the grant during the entire program. was my great honor and pleasure to meet authority was increased to a maximum of Mr. Quaison-Sackey this June when his Criteria and limitations for making the $1,000. grants were clear and simple: distinguished international service was There were good and valid reasons for the Eligible were the elderly and the physically lauded by the National Capital Press new rural housing grant program: Club. Scattered. throughout rural America were handicapped and all others whose income We extend our greetings to His Excel­ hundreds of thousands of elderly and handi­ was at the poverty level, whose prospects capped persons who had no debt-paying po­ for additional income was nil and whose lency the President of Ghana, Kwame tential and who lived in homes that were debt-paying potential was nonexistent; and Nkrumah; His Excellency the Ghanian pitifully squalid and hazardous to the health whose home was dangerous to the health Ambassador to the United States, Miguel and safety of both their families and their and safety of the occupants and to the com­ Ribeiro; and His Excellency the Foreign communities. munity. July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15515 Repairs and improvements included only to work with you • • • I think this reflects [From the Arkansas Democrat, Jan. 15, 1965) the barest essentials for living: :the thinking of all (of us) bankers." EDITORIAL COMMENT: WHERE HELP Is In some cases merely making the home (See attachments for additional comments NEEDED weatherproof from cold, rain, and wind-the on the grant program.) About 900 farmers and rural residents of application of asphalt siding on the outside ACTIVITY IN OTHER STATES and wallboard inside. the State now have more comfortable homes Repairing windows and doors and roofs. It would be a mistake to leave the impres­ as a result of funds they borrowed last year In some cases installing running water sion that the FHA rural housing grant pro­ from a Government agency that specializes and inside toilets. gram started and ~nded with the eastern in that field. From the start of the program in eastern Kentucky concentration of effort. The Farmers Home Administration made Kentucky on November 21, 1963, until it was Forty-two States and Puerto Rico have loans totaling $5.7 million for building or terminated August 31, 1964, 2,733 grants participated in and benefited from the pro­ improving housing facilities for low-income were approved for a total of $2,349,030. gram since it was revived in fiscal year 1962: people living in rural areas. This figure in­ Average amount of grant was $852. In fiscal year 1963, 1,378 grants were made cludes $122,500 for building rental units for To give some idea of the extent of need for a total of $1,029,655. senior citizens, and another portion of the of such a program in this relatively small In fiscal year 1964, 5,841 grants were made money was used to build or repair essential pocket of poverty, more than 10,000 appli­ for a total of $4,805,435. farm buildings. cations were received by the FHA. When During the entire history of the program, The people who borrow money from this the program was terminated, there were still more than $8 million in grants have been agency are those who are unable to obtain more than 6,000 applications on hand. made to 10,500 families. credit from regular commercial lenders. Who did the grants go to? Following are some of the States which However, there is another class of Arkansans Eighty-nine and seven-tenths percent had participated in the program during fiscal who are less fortunate, and who may not annual incomes from all sources less than year 1964: qualify for a loan from any source. $2,000. Arkansas: 284 grants for $183,680. Their income is nil and they may manage Fifty-three and six-tenths percent were 60 Georgia: SOl grants for $255,820. to raise only a portion of the food they need. years old and over-28 percent were over 70 Mississippi: 533 grants for $468,175. They would starve if they did not receive years or older and 25.6 percent were from 60 Missouri: 250 grants for $158,160. welfare checks which help buy food and to 69 years. North Carolina: 387 grants for $328,490. clothing. Their homes are pitifully inade­ Those younger than 60 years of age were South Carolina: 147 grants for $121,240. quate and poorly heated. mostly physically or mentally handicapped Texas: 149 grants for $118,570. Any program of assistance wlll be doing or were so obviously and permanently un­ West Virginia: 275 grants for $257,500. its greatest and noblest work if it can im­ employable as to condemn them to a lifetime (For complete State-by-State rundown prove the plight of these unfortunate people. of poverty. see attachments.) Rural housing grants obligated, fiscal year The economic impact of the concentrated Need for a grant program was pointed up 1964 through June 30 program in eastern Kentucky was dramatic. by President Johnson on January 31, 1964, All of the $2.3 million in grant were spent in his message to Congress on Agriculture, when he said: State Initial Initial within the area for materials and labor. number amount The program provided employment for "More than a million rural fam111es live in carpenters and other laborers on more than houses in such poor ·condition that they Alabama ____ ------119 $92,660 2,700 construction projects. The $2.3 mil­ endanger the health and safety of the occu­ Arizona ______pants. Another 3 million live in homes that 3 2, 780 lion spent in the area increased sales in Arkansas ______284 183,680 town, and increased local off-site employ­ need major repairs. About one-third of our California ______5 4,200 older citizens live on farms and in small Connecticut ______1 150 ment. It is conservatively estimated that 4 3,880 when new money is injected into a commu­ country towns and villages--and too often Colorado ____ ------their homes are poorly heated and lack bare Florida __ ------­ 96 87,720 nity it circulates at least five times before 301 255,820 necessities such as running water." Georgia __ ------­ it leaves. lllinoisIdaho_ ------______-= ------______-----_____- - -_ 7 4,810 A FEW -ADDITIONAL COMMENTS ON THE FHA 82 66,080 This means that the grant program added Indiana ______15 11,950 more than $11 million to the economy of the RURAL HOUSING GRANT PROGRAM IN EASTERN Iowa ______3 2, 780 eastern Kentucky area in less than a year. KENTUCKY Kansas ______------____ _ 66 47,220 Impressive and as valid as these economic 2,325 1,994,570 There were at least three other families 24 16,880 facts are, they are overshadowed by the in­ in this community which were also aided ¥;~~:;![~======MichiganMaine_------______------_ 115 100,930 estimable human factor involving more than by you and your department to a human 21 16,980 8,000 people who are now living in homes decency standard of housing and none of Minnesota __ ------14 12,210 providing a semblance of comfort, safety, which would ever have been possible without Mississippi_------533 468,175 Missouri ___ ------·- 250 158,160 and well-being. There is never any way to this assistance • • •. I wish to congratulate Montana.------8 6,330 put a dollar-value on renewed self-respect, you for the fair. and impartial manner in Nebraska.------___ _ 3 1, 610 renewed spirit and health. which you have administered this program. New Jersey.------2 2,000 New Mexico ______45 43,960 Reaction to program I sincerely hope that another such program New York_------­ 12 9,480 Resistance and opposition to the FHA pro­ will be dE::signed and put into effect in the North Carolina __ ------387 328,490 not too distant future. North Dakota ___ ------13 9,140 gram in eastern Kentucky was practically 2 2,000 HENRY A. STOVAL, Ohio_------______nonexistent. Enthusiastic support and co­ Oklahoma ___ ------118 92,500 Director, Hazel Green Academy, Oregon ______operation came from every sector of the af­ 2 1,900 fected communities. Hazel Green, Ky. 21 17,820 The Federal grant program administered 147 121,240 FHA supervisors sought and received the South§~~~~~~J!-a Dakota ______--~======_= 5 4,040 finest cooperation from material dealers and by the Campton Office of the Farmers Home Tennessee ______------__ _ 79 62,430 ,f\.dministration has been a stimulant to our they delivered low-cost but adequate ma­ TexasUtah ___--__ --______------______149 118,570 sagging economy, it has been a tremendous 6 5,810 terials on specification. When the program Vermont______boost to our less fortunate citizens • • • 12 7,940 was finally discontinued, a lumber dealer in Virginia ______8 7,690 Whitesburg, Ky., wrote FHA: "We re­ (you) are to be commended for the fair, Washington ______1 1,000 efficient, and expeditious manner in admin­ gret the discontinuing of the program • • • 275 257,500 istering this program. Wyoming;~~~~~~~ ______======_ 12 10,330 a great aid to old people • • • grants were C. BEACH, Jr., 9 8,030 -puerto Rico ____ _------101 89,950 given in Letcher County without regard to Executive Vice President, Peoples Ex­ politics, race, or religious affiliations • • • change Bank, Beattyville, Ky. U.S. totaL______5, 685 4, 740,395 grants aided the economic situation in this There is a. great need for many more of Average ______------834 area • • • I think it has been one of the these grants. It is estimated that 800 to best programs ever inaugurated and the cost 1,000 families (in Breathitt County) probably CONDUCT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS is negligible compared to the good it has would qualify. The economic importance of brought about." this program is great since this releases new Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask Bankers throughout the area had high money in the county and many benefit from unanimous consent to address the House it. praise for the program and were often the for 1 minute and to revise and exte~d leaders in the community to help the pro­ SAM P. DEATON, Breathitt County Judge, my remarks. gram along. Typical of banker reaction was - Jackson, Ky. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there that of the cashier of the bank in Jackson, "This home repair has been a great thing objection to the request of the gentle­ Ky.: "Programs offered by FHA are vital pro­ for our country. I just hope we can get the man from Illinois? grams in our community • • • the recent program extended. If I can help in any way grant program to older people has been espe­ just let me know. I'll go to Washington or There was no objection. cially helpful in this area • • • I hope these elsewhere 1f I can help get it extended-we Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I programs can be continued and should you need it." take the fioor this afternoon to direct ever need our assistance, it will be a pleasure CouNTY JuDGE,. Barbourville, Ky. the attention of the Members to the 15516 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 complete inconsistency in the adminis­ they were in the Kennedy wheat sale 2 cratic control of their captive peoples, tration conduct of foreign affairs in de­ years ago--we should demand immediate adds to the complications facing the fense of our and the world's freedom settlement of their World War n lend­ United States abroad and delays the de­ against the Communist forces. lease debt. It would be practical for us velopment of true peace and freedom. American fighting men are committed to insist that internationally supervised A pet J ohnsonian phrase is "building to combat in Vietnam to · save that plebiscites be held in the Baltic States to bridges of understanding with the Com­ country from communism. Our troops serve the true wishes of the people there munists." were rushed into the Dominican Repub­ for self-determination before we Sllb­ The Communists are intent on build­ lic to save that country from a Com­ sidize the Red rulers in the Kremlin. ing a trade bridge which would save their munist takeover. Although we are now As the governments of the Eastern foreign trade from economic ruin. Arm­ tolerating Communist control of the so­ European satellites display interest in a ing revolutionaries in· Central and South called rebel movement in the Dominican trade agreement, we should insist that America, Africa, and Asia has been ex­ Republic, the theoretical position of the they grant their citizens freedom of hausting; building up underdeveloped administration continues to be that U.S. speech, press, assembly, and religion and countries on orders from Moscow has troops will remain on that island until that they hold free elections to prove also helped to wreck normal trade. The stability through the formation of a non­ whether or not they really have popular economic system has failed and so they Communist government can be devel­ support of the public. turn to us to bail them out. oped. There are many other practical con­ While a total boycott of Communist U.S. troops are stationed in Europe as ditions that should be extracted from countries is impossible, trading could part of the NATO Alliance to protect the Communist governments before we be kept within rational bounds. There is Western Europe from possible Commu­ permit them to benefit by trading wlth ever present, however, the danger that nist invasion. Our foreign aid program the United States. We must keep in high pressure lobbies and Government is partially justified on the ground that mind that trade with any Communist optimists might give the Communists it is a weapon against the further spread country helps all Communist countries, not only trade but long-term credit. of communism. since it relieves the pressures on their England has already done so. The question then arises, Mr. Speaker, domestic economies. The Communists are in serious trouble. Is not subsidizing. Communist govern­ Perhaps one would question my con­ We can bail them out, enabling them to ments through trade a position complete­ tinued reference to subsidized trade. It continue to fulfill their commitments ly inconsistent with our actions in Viet­ is a fact, Mr. Speaker, that it is not the to the Soviets. Or we can use this great nam, the Dominican Republic, and other intention of the administration merely opportunity to weaken further the posi­ areas I have cited? to permit expanded trade agreements tion of communism and to strengthen It is a fact, Mr. Speaker, that for more with Communist governments, but it is the forces of freedom behind the Iron than a year the State Department has the specific intention to subsidize that Curtain. carried on secretive trade disCJUSSions trade. This would be a tragic develop­ I have referred earlier to the conces­ with the Communist Governments of ment. sions that we should demand prior to Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union In recent months not only the Soviet any trade agreement. Among the con­ itself. The argument has been advanced Union but every Eastern European satel­ ditions which I would add are rehabilita­ by the administration that we can, lite, including Yugoslavia, has announced tion of political prisoners, freedom of through subsidized trade, "build bridges increased support of the Communist dic­ movement, removal of the Berlin wall, of understanding" to the governments of tatorship in North Vietnam. Supplies and withdrawal of Soviet troops from Eastern Europe and perhaps pull them from these Communist governments are non-Russian countries. away from Soviet control. We are also pouring into North Vietnam, strengthen­ My main purpose in discussing this told that the Soviet Union has mellowed ing the determination and ability of the subject this afternoon, however, is to and by subsidizing trade with them, they Reds to inflict direct losses on our troops again remind the Members of the incon­ might in some vague fashion give up in South Vietnam. Isn't it completely sistent, shortsighted, dangerous, and, I their Communist belligerence. inconsistent then for the State Depart­ must even add diabolical plot of the Mr. Speaker, the position of the ad­ ment to encourage U.S. firms to trade Johnson administration to provide blood ministration and the negotiations being strategic materials to the Communists transfusions in the form of trade to carried on by the State Department are in return for basically nonessential goods Communist regimes which, because no against the best long-term interests of and to add the greatest irony of all, that strings whatsoever would be attached, the U.S. general public, our industries, of subsidizing such transactions? permit these Communists to divert other our labor unions, and are against the best It is interesting to note that the prop­ resources to activities against us in Viet­ interests of world freedom. aganda drums of the administration are nam and Latin America. Before subsidized trade is developed beating out a steady tattoo to try to con­ with any Communist government, we vince the public that dealing with Com­ must work out specific conditions which munist governments is a lucrative, won­ CANADA'S NATIONAL HOLIDAY would produce permanent major political derful operation and should be enthusi­ Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, I ask and economic concessions from the Com­ astically followed. unanimous consent to address the House munists. Yesterday the junior Senator from for 1 minute and to revise and extend Trade is a key weapon in the cold war. South Dakota, Mr. McGovERN, chose to my remarks. It is the height of naivete to think that criticize former Vice President Nixon who The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there any Communist government has the best had denounced the indiscriminate sale objection · to the request of the gentle­ interest of its citizens in mind or is will­ of wheat to the Soviet Union. This is man from Washington? ing to enter into legitimate trade agree­ in line with the administration's prop­ There was no objection. ments with us. The purpose of the Com­ aganda barrage that to subsidize Com­ Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, it is a munist governments seeking trade with munist governments makes them mellow, pleasure to join our Canadian friends and the United States is to obtain the where­ or to paraphrase Secretary Rusk, a "fat neighbors in observance of their national withal to develop basic industries so that. Communist is not as dangerous as a lean holiday, July 1. Ninety-eight years ago, they can carry out an offensive trade Communist." Such nonsense is not sur­ on July 1, 1867, Canada came into being against us in years to come. prising from an administration whose as a new nation. It received its consti­ What should we demand of the Com­ foreign policy is so completed misguided, tution, in the form of the British North munist governments before consider­ but the danger cannot be minimized. America Act, 1867, and four of its large ing major trade agreements with them? This morning we read of the Commu­ provinces-Ontario, Quebec, New Bruns­ Mr. Speaker, there are a number of nist attack on our air base at Danang. wick, and Nova Scotia-formed the con­ points which I would recommend, all of The Vietcong attackers are motivated by federation long known as the Dominion which would be long overdue develop­ the same ideology which motivates the of Canada. Today the federated state ments in the conduct of international Communist tyrants of the Eastern Euro­ of Canada consists of 10 provinces and 2 relations. pean sat~llites, the Soviet Union, and Red vast northern territories. Should the Soviet Union wish to be China. To rush to subsidize these gov­ With one of these territories and with subsidized by trade agreements-such as ernments merely perpetuates their auto- seven of these provinces the United July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL R~CORD- HOUSE 15517 States shares a common boundary; and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there It is apparent that we have not been with all of them it has close ties and con­ objection to the request of the gentle­ winning this war and that something tacts. In fact, in so may ways are the man from Wisconsin? more must be done. The question is lives of our Canadian neighbors inter­ There was no objection. what. We have been giving everything a twined with ours that the two countries Mr. LAlRD. Mr. Speaker, the gentle­ try-even the use of our B-52 heavy seem more like brothers than neighbors. man from Michigan, our distinguished bombers. Recently, while our Armed Our mother country, England, had a minority leader today issued a statement Services Subcommittee was in Saigon, it more wayward son south of the boundary on the situation in Vietnam following a came to my attention that we might have which was first established after the meeting of the joint Senate-House mi­ yet another innovation that could be American Revolution; but many of the nority leadership. Under unanimous tried. I was surprised indeed to learn ties that existed then have continued to consent, I include the statement by Mr. that there is no television communica­ this day. FORD in the RECORD at this point. tion in South Vietnam. Upon inquiry, I As in most families, there have been The statement by Minority Leader learned that it has been an issue of con­ family quarrels and misunderstandings; GERALD R. FORD follow_s: siderable debate. As a matter of fact, I but for the most part the relationship STATEMENT BY REPRESENTATIVE GERALD R. am informed such recommendations has been a particularly happy and help­ FORD, REPUBLICAN LEADER, HOUSE OF REP­ were made many years ago. But noth­ ful one. Like most brothers, the two RESENTATIVES, ON VIETNAM-JULY 1, 1965 ing has been done. countries have been mutually dependent Republicans will continue to disregard At first, one might casually dismiss upon one another, and in a variety of partisan considerations in foreign policy. . this with a bland "so what." But upon ways, despite their natural tendencies to We will be guided by the national interest. reflection, I am certain that it will be Like Senator Arthur Vandenberg at the go their separate ways and assert their time of the Yalta agreement, we will criti­ recognized that the suggestion is not independence.· Conflicts of interest and cize administration policy when it fails to without merit. Certainly in a struggle fiareups over failure to seek or see the serve the national interest. We will make for the minds of men-and that is· pre­ other fellow's point of view are not to be constructive recommendations that will cisely what is going on today in Viet­ taken lightly or passed over as temporary bolster the President's firmness. No Repub­ nam-we should be using every asset aberrations; but in the long run they lican has called this McNamara's war. that is available to us. While our sub­ point up the prevailing good relationship Several House Republicans, including my­ committee was in Vietnam I made re­ which is enhanced by definite steps to self, recently made the following points about Vietnam: peated inquiries, at all levels, about the overcome difficulties. Witness the nu­ 1. The objectives of our Nation's policy desirability of establishing a television merous bilateral bodies which have come must be the establishment of conditions un­ network and virtually everyone I dis­ into being through just such efforts. der which the people of South Vietnam may cussed it with felt that it would be a In the fields of geography, defense, live in peace and freedom. This means a most worthwhile undertaking. I checked parliamentary affairs, social and cultural government of their own choosing. This further when we were in Thailand and matters, and economics-with all its means freedom from aggression-from with­ in and from without. learned that television facilities there multiple angles-there are Canadian­ were being effectively used to counter American commissions and committees, 2. We hope for negotiations to end the fighting-to assure the freedom and inde­ communistic efforts in that country. both public and private, and various or­ pendence of South Vietnam. Let me clarify So as I read the morning headlines, ganizations which have been established one point-the Communists are escalating I thought I should mention this sugges­ for the primary purpose of promoting the war. No American is. Moreover, Pel­ tion to my colleagues in the House and understanding and cooperation between ping and Hanoi spurn the negotiating table. ask that you join me in seeking to evalu­ Canada and the United States. They 3. The United States cannot, without vio­ lating its word, agree to settlement which ate the merits of this proposal. It is my recognize the inescapable interweaving understanding that studies have been of the lives of our citizens. They realize involves a coalition government with Com­ munists. Such government makes a larger made and I am making efforts to learn that because of the fundamental inter­ war inevitable at a later date. History more fully about them. I have asked for dependence of the two countries there proves a coalition government with Commu­ a comprehensive report as soon as pos­ are just that many more problems of co­ nists gives them unlimited veto power. Veto sible covering the background of the ordination than there would be if it were power scuttles any hope for permanent studies, the estimated cost, the argu­ possible for us to pursue our separate peace. ments for and against creating such a ways. Since it is not possible or desir­ 4. The administration must not sacrifice the freedom and independence of South television network, and the current able, the happy answer is cooperation of status of the situation and any other the genuine and widespread sort that Vietnam. To do so makes the loss of Amer­ ican lives purposeless. Some Democrats data which would be helpful in reaching grows and is nurtured on both sides of would abandon the free people of South Viet­ a decision as to the merits of such a the border. nam. The President must not yield to them. program. July the First in Canada, like July the 5. In this crisis, some Republican leaders From conversations with our officials Fourth in the United States, is a time to believe American air and sea power must be in South Vietnam, I am satisfied that reassert our independence, but also to used more effectively in North Vietnam against significant military targets. We the use of television would be of tre­ note our brotherhood. mendous value to the war effort by sim­ Mr. Speaker, as I have pointed out in advocate greater Allied participation. We question the logic of · committing U.S. ply establishing a means of communi­ my remarks, we recognize the inescapable ground forces on a large scale to fight a war cation with the people throughout the intertwining of the lives of our citizens. in southeast Asia. country and that such a network is This is particularly true in my own State feasible. of Washington where we have common I am told that the cost of such facili­ interests, common boundaries, and, yes, VIETNAM SITUATION ties would be about what it takes to fight even common conflicts of interest with Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, I the war for 1 week. It is clear some­ British Columbia and Alberta. At times ask unanimous consent to address the thing more must be done, and this im­ we criticize each other, but the sincere House for 1 minute and to revise and presses me as being a suggestion that respect we hold for one another always extend my remarks. deserves our most serious consideration. remains. Indeed, Mr. Speaker, it is an The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there example which all nations of the world objection to the request of the gentle­ could follow. We are truly a showplace PROCEDURES FOR QUALIFYING TO of nations living in peace. man from Michigan? There was no objection. VOTE IN THE WELL Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, Mr. CAlLAWAY. Mr. Speaker, I ask REPUBLICAN POLICY IN VIETNAM last night's Evening Star told us of an­ unanimous consent to address the House Mr. LA.mD. Mr. Speaker, I ask other major battle in Vietnam. This for 1 minute and to revise and extend unanimous consent to address the House morning's Post-brought word of a brazen my remarks. for 1 minute, to revise and extend my Vietcong attack on our air strip at The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there remarks, and to include therein a state­ Danang that hit at least six of our planes. objection to the request of the gentle­ ment by the minority leader of the So it goes, and you can expect more such man from Georgia? House of Representatives. stories with the regularity of your paper. There was no objection. 15518 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 Mr. CAlLAWAY. Mr. Speaker, when The SPEAKER. Is there objection in there, the Republicans might work I first came to the Congress, this year, to the request of the gentleman from together, hit together, run bases to­ I inquired of some of my colleagues on Ohio? gether-and perhaps establish a meas­ the rules of voting and was told that There was no objection. ure of unity in that party and thus when a call was made for the yeas and Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, on this preserve the two-party system for this nays that the roll would be called twice. occasion a number of Members have country. I was further told that if I should fail said that we should commemorate the Mr. WAGGONNER. Mr. Speaker, will to vote on the first or second rollcall, I birthday of various things, one of which the gentleman yield? could then go to the well of the House to is the newly emerging African nations; Mr. UDALL. I yield to the gentleman vote at that time. In the early months t~e other has to do, I think, with the 98th from Louisiana. of this Congress, I believed this to be the anniversary of the great Dominion of Mr. W AGGONNER. I should like to rule. Canada. say to the gentleman, my observations However, upon reading carefully the It occurred to me also that this is the of the night's festivities out at District Rules of the House of Representatives, I anniversary of the fiscal year and that of Columbia Stadium were that it was found on page 387 that the actual rules today is the first day of the new fiscal more fun than baseball. pertaining to rollcall votes are quite dif­ year. The administration has been fast Mr. UDALL. I thank the gentleman ferent. A Member may not vote in the in putting out press releases that the very much. well unless "the Member declares that fiscal year just ended has been a great he was listening when his name should year because the deficit-and you should have been called and failed to hear it." underline that word "deficit"-is only CONGRESSIONAL BALLGAME Mr. Speaker, it is apparent that many a little more than $3 billion. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Members of the House have this same Instead of bragging about the amount unanimous consent to address the House misunderstanding of the rules. This has of the deficit being small, how about try­ for 1 minute. been a source of great concern to me. I ing for a surplus for a change? The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there have contacted the Republican task force It seems to me that we in the House objection to the request of the gentle­ on the Rules of the House of Representa­ of Representatives should on this oc­ man from Iowa? tives about this, and I have testified be­ casion, on this first day of July, the new There was no objection. fore the Joint Committee on the Orga­ fiscal year, dedicate ourselves to bringing Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I should nization of Congress. In each instance, about a balanced budget for the Ameri­ like to suggest that perhaps one of the the Committee have shared my concern. can people for the first time since 1960. weaknesses of the Democrat ballplayers My concern was heightened by the last night was that they have not been vote that took place yesterday afternoon drinking enough Arizona "goldwater." on the motion to recommit H.R. No. 7984. CONGRESSIONAL BALLGAME At the end of an extremely close vote the Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, I ask well was so full that it was necessary for unanimous consent to address the House EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER WORKERS a number of Members to line up in one for 1 minute and to revise and extend Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, I ask of the aisles, and Member after Member my remarks. unanimous consent to address the House recorded his vote by saying affirmatively The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there for 1 minute and to revise and extend that the Member ''qualifies and votes yea objection to the request of the gentle­ my remarks. or nay." man from Arizona? The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there On this particular vote there were few There was no objection. objection to the request of the gentle­ names to be called on the second rollcall. · Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, later today man from Florida? Furthermore, the House was completely I will ask the President to designate the There was no objection. quiet at this time because of the intense District of Columbia Stadium as a dis­ Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, I wish to interest in the outcome of the vote. I aster area, on account of the great na­ call attention to a report of the Depart­ believe, under these circumstances, that tional disaster which occurred there last ment of Labor, which is reported this it would have been almost impossible for night in the baseball contest between morning in the Washington Post, on the a Member to be present and yet fail to the Republican and Democratic Mem­ subject, "The Older American Worker/ hear his name called. Certainly, it was bers of this House. Age Discrimination in Employment." impossible for this to happen to the large Mr. CEDERBERG. Mr. Speaker, will The first paragraph of the summary number of Members who qualified to vote the gentleman yield? is: yesterday. Mr. UDALL. I yield to the gentleman The Labor Department told Congress yes­ To me, it is extremely serious for from Michigan. terday that major changes in the patterns Members of Congress to see violations of Mr. CEDERBERG. I just want to tell of American life will be needed to achieve the Rules of the House and not to call the gentleman that I found out why you hiring on ab111ty rather than age. them to the attention of this body. If gentlemen lost last night. I invite the attention of all Members this House is to retain the dignity and Mr. UDALL. Will the gentleman of the House to this study, and particu­ honor that it has held and deserved please explain. throughout the years, it must abide by larly to H.R. 7763, introduced by me in Mr. CEDERBERG. You had your April of this year, in which I seek an its own rules. arms so twisted you could not throw. I feel certain that this rule is not expression of Congress that the full Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, the gentle­ Employment Act of 1946 contemplated clearly understood by many Members of man has alluded to the condition of my the House and I hope by calling this to arm. I wish to say, for the benefit of full employment "regardless of sex or the attention of all Members that there my colleagues, while my arm is sore and age." will be no repetitions of the apparent my ego is bruised, I do have one of the WIRTZ REPORT AsKS Am FOR OLDER WoRKERS-­ violations that took place yesterday. lowest earned-run averages in this en­ YEAR'S STUDY CITES DISCRIMINATION, RISING I would be violating the trust that the tire league, despite the worst won-lost PROBLEMS citizens of the Third District of Georgia record in that particular league. I might (By Morton Mintz) have placed in me if I were to see what add that I intend to file suit for non­ The Labor Departm.ent told Congress yes­ in my opinion is clearly a violation of support at the plate and afield against terday that major changes 1n the patterns the rules and not call it to the attention some of my own colleagues and team­ of American life wm be needed to achieve hiring on ability rather than age. of the Members. mates. A report submitted by Secretary W. WUlard ·I wish to say further that disasters Wirtz urges a clear, unequivocal national sometimes produce good results. We policy against hiring that discriminates FISCAL YEAR ANNIVERSARY-HOW need a two-party system. The Repub­ ABOUT A BALANCED BUDGET? against older workers. Ultimately, the pol­ lican Party is badly divided, it needs icy would need legislation. Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, I ask harmony and unity. I will confide in The report was based on year-long studies unanimous consent to address the House the House that after communing earlier of unprecedented depth. It is 78 pages long. for 1 minute and to revise and extend yesterday with my conscience I figured It was prepared under a directive of the ClvU my remarks. out that if I threw my "nothing" pitch Rights Act of 1964. Its title is, "The Older July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15519 American Worker1 Age D1scr1m1nation in persons 25 to 34 only a few of whom, rela­ informally over morning coffee, and watch it Employment." tively, have not gone beyond the 8th grade. percolate slowly upward. With luck it will The report includes some surprising find­ Other findings of the report include these: come to his desk months later for approval, ings and far-reaching recommendations-­ In the 30 States that do not bar age dis­ and he must greet it with the pleased sur­ particularly those involving "almost an iron crimina-tion, half the job openings are closed prise which parents exhibit when their chU­ law": to applicants over 55 and a quarter to appli­ dren show them what Santa Claus has Most persons with a high school education, cants over 45. brought them for Christmas." or less, sooner or later urgently need further Many age limitations are imposed with­ Surely there must be a lesson in Dr. Ash­ education and training. out regard to their job requirements, al­ by's Ulustration for American university But the report says "only the most limited though older workers generally perform at presidents as well. arrangements" exist tor that education and least as well as younger ones. Whether or not I have an idea to expound, training. As new technology displaces older indus­ this commencement provides me with several The Department urges "a new system of tries, plants and methods, older workers find reasons for appearing as the speaker, al­ continuing educational opportunity" to pre­ their training and skills a! less and less use. though I have rather ambivalent feelings pare older workers for the "discrimination" One-seventh of the Nation's impoverished about my task. As a parent of a member of older workers have most to fear. persons are over 65. this class, I would prefer, on this joyous This is not employer malice. Nor 1s it occasion, to sit among other parents here the product of an unthinking majority in H.R. 7763 ·and, at the appropriate time, say proudly to a society half of which 1s under 29 today and A bill to amend the Employment Act of 1946 Mrs. Fawcett, "There is our daughter." will be under 26 in 1975. to declare a national policy with respect to Nevertheless, because of the excellent rec­ URGES NEW SYSTEM the right of Americans to employment ord of this class and because I cherish per­ Instead, the report says, it 1s the "ruthless without regard to sex or age sonal acquaintanceship with many of you, I play of wholly impersonal forces," for exam­ have a special measure of pride and satisfac­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of tion in delivering this address, and I wel­ ple, the advancing science that lengthens a Representatives of the United States of person's productive life while lowering the come a self-made opportunity to express a America in Congress assembled, That section few personally valued ideas. age limit on his employment. 2 a! the Employment Act of 1946 is amended Although full employment is the primary May I briefiy but sincerely express my by inserting a.fter "work," the following: "re­ gratitude and that of the university to each goal in eliminating disadvantages to older gardless a! sex or age,". workers, the Department says, the "new sys­ of the graduating seniors? This June class tem" must be created to prepare people for of 1965, to complete the memorabilia of its the day when the lifetime work for which· COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS OF activities here, commissioned a portrait o.f they have prepared "tapers off but a lot of the president as its gift to the university, a life remains to be lived." PRESIDENT NOVICE G. FAWCETT gesture which humbled me but for which I The new system would make it possible for am doubly appreciative when I consider the Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, I excellent quality of the artist's work and the workers to make up for their earlier failure ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ to complete grade or high school. One pos­ fine result he achieved with so dimcult a sib111ty for financing such adult education man from Ohio [Mr. AsHBROOK] may subject. I do not yet know where the por­ would be a system of contributory insurance. extend his remarks at this point in the trait will be hung (parenthetically, there are Workers over 45 might earn credits toward RECORD and include extraneous matter. some, no doubt, who wonder when the presi­ "education sabbaticals." Indirectly, these The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there dent will be hung), but perhaps eventually could create job openings for others, the re­ objection to the request of the gentle­ its resting place will be in our new center port suggests. for tomorrow. Wherever it may be placed, man from Michigan? I hope, with all humility, that it will be STUDY RECOMMENDATIONS There was no objection. viewed not as a memorial to an individual Other recommendation&-none of which Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, Ohio but as a symbol of that individual's dedicat­ constitutes a proposal by the administra­ State University has a very capable ad­ ed belief in the goal of this university-the tion-include these: ministrator in President Novice G. Faw­ highest peak of excellence in education. In A national policy against age discrimina­ cett. That great university has grown the words of the Apocrypha, I trust that fu­ tion, which would extend existing Federal in size, capacity, and stature under his ture generations of students may "consider policy for Government hiring and Govern­ leadership for he is truly an outstand­ that I labored not for myself only, but for ment contractors, is needed because the re­ all them that seek learning." sources of the States in this area have been ing educator and gentleman. I read with This morning marks the 36th commence­ inadequSite. interest his very fine commencement ad­ ment during my tenure at this university. To overcome employer reluctance against dress which was delivered to the gradu­ In my entire career as an educator, I have hiring qualified older workers because of ex­ ating class on June 11, 1965. attended and participated in some 200 such isting pension and seniority arrangements, I think it has merit which should be programs, and have had ample opportunity employers and unions should seek in nego­ called to the attention of every Member to study what commencement speakers try tiations to open up opportunities for older of this body. From Maine to California, to do. I have learned that some speakers Industrial employees, while protecting the promote a vested interest. Others present seniority right of workers already employed. educators are witnessing serious chal­ the wisdom of their experience, propounding New forms of annuities should be devel­ lenge ranging from their continuing goal certain precepts and doctrines which they oped that leave existing pension plans in­ of improving educational excellence in hope will guide people toward what they tact while encouraging the hlring of older their institutions to the matter of disci­ should be and what they should do. Still workers. This might require special tax in­ pline, riots, and so forth. President Faw­ others cast before their audience a panorama centives. cett puts these matters in very fine per­ of life's complexities and perversities; or There should be prompt study of "portable spective. they survey part of our social structure and pension credits" that would enable a worker present findings which they believe compose to carry his take in a pension plan with him The speech is as follows: the mosaic of the future. And there are to anew job. I DARE You some who rely on inspiration to stimulate By making Federal financial aid in a form (Commencement address by President Novice and provide an incentive for their listeners. similar to that for the Neighborhood Youth G. Fawcett, the Ohio State University, All of these are good techniques, and I Corps, the Government could enable the hir­ June 11, 1965) shall probably use some of them, but, funda­ ing of older workers to meet many unmet Historically-and perhaps by premedita­ mentally, my objective is to present you with commUnity needs. tion-the president of this university has some challenges; to say-loudly and clear­ CHOICE OP PAYMENTS given the commencement address quadren­ ly-"! dare you." My paramount challenge nially. I have been told that the theory be­ to you is the challenge that confronts us as The report said we may face this choice: a nation and as individuals: to raise high Pay, as customers, a few cents an hour of the hind this traditional schedule is that once in 4 years-not necessarily more often than your standards of excellence-your stand­ wages of an older worker and make him a ards of thought, behavior, taste, aspirations; producer, or pay, as taxpayers, "the full that-a president might have an idea worth exploiting. to keep ever in your mind and actions the amount of his 'welfare' upkeep" and get values which will be expressive of your lofti­ nothing in return. In any case, according to Eric Ashby, mas­ ter of Clare College, Cambridge, ideas enter­ est goals. As Paul the Apostle counseled One of the surprising findings was the ex­ Timothy: "Let no man despise Thy youth; tent of the difference in education among tained by college administrators are some­ times forced to follow devious paths before but be Thou an example, in word, in conver­ older and younger workers. Among male sation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, in purity. workers age 45 to 54, for example, one-third they reach fruition. "In British universi­ ties,'' says Dr. Ashby, "naked enterprise on Neglect not the gift that is in Thee. Meditate of the whites and two-thirds of the non­ the part of a university president 1s regarded upon these things; give thyself wholly to whites have not gone beyond the eighth with suspicion, not to say alarm. If a presi­ them; that Thy profiting may appear to all." grade. dent has a bright idea • • • he must unob­ Why, you may ask, is it necessary to em­ These educationally disadvantaged people trusively-if possible anonymously-feed it phasize the importance of values? Surely we must compete for jobs against, for example, lnto the organization, at quite a low level, all have the intellectual and moral strength 15520 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 with which to face the challenges of our ma­ mented, "I do not get any guidance at home. know that no one but yourself has heard turity. And my answer 1s that what you We are just a .bunch of people who go about them; no one wm compel you to accept the think, how you think, and the personal de­ our business and live under one roof. One dare; no one will make fun of you or call cisions you make in the decades to come will of these days I would like to sit down and you a coward. help shape-for good or 111-the face of the find out from my parents what they really No one, that is, but yourself. future. And speaking of thinking: Let us believe in." I urge you, therefore, to face the challenges remember that the ability to think acutely, And now this past year has brought a squarely and to evaluate them in terms of perceptively, creatively is the most impor­ radical testing of law and order on American your own high quality of mind and strength tant function of man, and that the irrevoca­ college campuses everywhere across the land. of character. I urge you, in the words of ble condition of accelerating change and ever Students have been using their campuses as Emerson, "to believe your own thought, to widening choices in our society will call upon a platform not only to express dissatisfac­ believe that what is true for you in your all of your capab111ty to think wisely and tion with what is taking place in the world private heart is true for all men." well. but to take action against the ills of society. You could illustrate this point from the Lucien Price pointed out that we have been Student demonstrations have :flared up from literature of your own religion, but permit catapulted into more change in the past 50 a wide variety of causes ranging from segre­ me to paraphrase from the story of Peter the years than in the preceding 3,000 years. Our gation to all the manifestations of civil rights Apostle and his denial of Jesus. Peter, his­ progenitors, for example, drove oxen-but and civil Uberties; from the whole concept tory recounts, was an impulsive and gener­ so did the warriors in Homer's "Diad." Now of academic freedom to the complex issues ous man, impressive in physical stature and we travel down into the infinitely small of of free speech; and from the conduct of steadfast in his faith. But he had moments nuclear physics and upward into the incon­ America's foreign policy to the conduct of of weakness. When Jesus was taken from ceivable vastness of astronautical explora­ administrative policies in their own colleges Gethsemane to be questioned by the high tion. "In the past," said Mr. Pri~e. "we and universities. These groups of students priest, Peter had the courage to follow; but were educated to live in a world as is; in the seem to believe that an institution of higher when he was questioned three times about future we must be educated to function in learning is designed to create a new social his identity and his loyalties, he shrank from a world where change comes fast and will order by direct action, by force and coercion. his true self and refused to admit that he keep on "oming faster," affecting every as­ In contrast to this epidemic of rebellion was one of the disciples. To quote the pect of life, including personal values. and protest, the great body of students in Gospel according to St. Luke: "And Peter re­ One of your greatest responsibilities, I our colleges remains dedicated to the idea membered the words of Jesus, which said firmly believe, is to develop personal values of orderly and democratic procedures. Many unto him, Before the cock crows, thou shalt which willl;lelp create some kind of order and of them, no doubt, have their own strong deny me thrice. And he went out, and wept harmony and proportion in your own lives convictions about the need to reform certain bitterly." and in a world a:tHicted by unrest and uncer­ social evils. They are aware of the value of Next, my friends, I dare you to build into tainty, by a breakdown of many of our questioning, the value of sharpening the your lives not only strong moral values but standards of excellence. cutting edge of their minds on the di:tHcult the courage of action which will give them Let us look briefly at a few of the evidences problems of our time, but they recognize validity and make them work in today's in our society of this degradation of moral and respect the functions of inquiry and world. Now why is the word "courage" so principles. Perhaps the most obvious exam­ logic and debate in the pursuit of truth. often associated with values which should ple is the 15-percent annual increase in Lest you think me a pessimist or a prophet be an integral part of our everyday lives? crime and the frightening statistic tha,t ap­ of doom, let me assure you that I stress Is it because we are embarrassed to display proximately 1 person out of 75 commits a these negative qualities of our society only these virtues? Or because we are afraid of major offense. Figures from the Federal Bu­ because I believe that each one of you pressures, afraid to say "No," afraid to be dif­ reau of Investigation point to a similar can­ possesses the basic values to be seriously ferent? Fear or cynicism or conformity-not cerous growth of what we euphemistically concerned with what goes on around you. I one of these is an acceptable reason for dis­ call "juvenile delinquency." For 15 con­ think you will subscribe to this statement of carding moral values, or for hiding them. secutive years there has been a sharp in­ principles from the Rockefeller report on "One man with courage makes a majority," crease in arrests of young offenders under education: "We do not believe that men said Andrew Jackson. In fact, courage in 18 years of age, and it is a sad commentary were meant to live in degradation. We be­ its highest form-moral courage-is what on the state of our society that 4 out of every lieve that man-by virtue of his humanity­ makes a person indestructible, for each act 100 young people become involved in crime. should live in the light of reason, exercise of courage adds to man's faith in himself How many delinquents are school drop­ moral responsibility, and be free to develop and in the purpose and dignity of life. If outs it would be difficult to estimate, but in to the full the talents that are in him." courage is required, then I say that you 128 of the Nation's largest cities the drop­ What, then, shall be the pattern of your should have the determination to build ever out rate after grade 10 stands at a shocking service in a world plagued with frightful more solidly the bulwark of values you have 30 percent. So that you may visualize what statistics of narcotics addiction, with waves acquired from the great lessons of your spirit­ that figure means, imagine what would have of indecency and pornography inundating ual faith and from your belief in humanity. happened if 30 percent of this graduating our literature, and with inequality of op­ Marcus Aurelius, in his "Meditations," ad­ cla::;s had been dropouts: almost a thousand portunity stifling the intellectual creativity monished that "Thou must be like a prom­ of you would not be here to receive diplomas of man? According to Dr. Samuel Miller, ontory of the sea, against which, though the today. dean of the Harvard Divinity School, "The waves beat continually, yet it both itself Alcoholism-admittedly a health as well revolutionary changes that have been stands, and about it are those swelling waves as a moral problem-affects the well-being of wrought in our world demand a new kind stilled and quieted." our society only slightly less drastically than of person. Whatever form it takes, it will My next challenge-"Dare to face the crime. The World Health Organization esti­ matter little if we, in all our suffering, can­ discipline of work"-may not appear to be mates that there are 5 million alcoholics in not produce a person having such inner pertinent to this occasion, for by virtue of the United States and that 200,000 new cases magnitude as to pull the mad chaos of our the degrees that will be awarded to you this arise annually. world into some kind of new shape, to put morning you have proved that you possess Sociologists point to the epidemic propor­ the impress of a larger spirit on it." the capacity for disciplined and fruitful tions of divorce in our society. Consider But the opportunity to impress your effort. But in the ventures that lle ahead­ these figures for a moment: one marriage spirit upon the world presents also a re­ in business and the professions, in continued out of every four ends in divorce, and in sponsib111ty-the responsib111ty of active par­ academic work and in the home--you wm teenage marriages, one out of two. Mar­ ticipation, of dedicated citizenship, of serv­ find that there is not only dignity to be riages of college graduates appear to have a ice to others. For, after all, democracy in achieved from well-disciplined work, but one better chance of permanence-only 1 out action is not a spectator sport. Each citizen of life's greatest pleasures, for work can be of 20 ends in divorce-but the fact remains, is an important player. To the extent that the delight of doing a job superbly well, the as I have heard it said, that "too many peo­ he does not participate, he is weakening the excitement of creativity, the satisfaction of ple who say 'I do'-do not." According to essential fabric of society; by his silence and being interested in everything you do and these statistics, there could be more than 150 his apathy, he is encouraging the enemies the ability to extend that interest endlessly divorces among the members of this gradu­ of freedom and contributing to a further in the never completed task of learning. ating class. This alone is an unhappy pros­ breakdown of social values. Edward Gibbon, Finally, I dare you to have faith in Amer­ pect, but consider also the somber situation historian of "The Decline and Fall of the ica's free enterprise system. All of us de­ of the children of divorce who, in their lone­ Roman Empire," said of the Athenians: pend upon business and industry for the liness and lack of parental guidance, find "When the freedom they wished most was houses we live in, the food we eat, the clothes themselves lost in the heterogeneity of a freedom from responsib111ty, Athens ceased we wear, the books we read-for everything populace without values. to be free and was never free again." that touches our daily lives-yet many of us Equally and just as profoundly lost are Whatever form your participation may take our free enterprise system for granted, some of today's teenagers whose parents ap­ take, it will not be an easy task; it will re­ forgetting that it is the key to our success pear to be less inclined than ever to proclaim quire, on your part, the courage of convic­ as a nation and the foundation of our free­ the conventional "parental imperatives" or, tion and commitment. So I dare you now to dom. Henry R. Luce, editor and publisher denying their own values, have simply given accept the challenges, often unspoken, which of Fortune, describes our business-enterprise up trying to communicate with their chil­ come from within yourselves. Those chal­ system as "the greatest miracle of them all. dren. As one high school student com- lenger are often easy to ignore, because you It meets the demands of businessmen that July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 15521 it should provide ample opportunity for pro­ SLAVS HERE BEFORE cans" from the pen of this writer, also the duction for profit--and it also meets the "MAYFLOWER" above facts, with this addition: "Slovaks demands of the welfare of all the people. took it for granted that the first Slovak to It is the genius of America that it has Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, I reach America was Count Maurice de Be­ worked out an economic system by which the ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ novsky, who came to Baltimore in 1785 at the public interest is continually represented, man from Dlinois [Mr. DE.RWINSKI] may recommendation of Benjamin Franklin. No while the public enjoys the blessing of lib­ extend his remarks at this point in the doubt, your Polish and Slovak readers will be erty and the fruits of co~petitive and skill­ interested in knowing that 100 years before ful management and initiative. In most of RECORD and include extraneous matter. the birth of Benjamin Franklin, two skilled the rest of the world you will not find any­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. · Is there Slovak cra.ftsmen and four Poles helped to thing like this." objection to the request of the gentle­ build the first permanent settlement in the So long as business enterprise continues man from Michigan? New World." to expand its responsibilities in the public There was no objection. In connection with these historical facts, interest, to that extent we will not become Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the this is what Congressman FLooD had to say a welfare state, demanding security in place greatness of our country is based on the about Count Benovsky, who was born in of freedom. · I believe that a simple phrase, immigrants from foreign lands who Vrbovce, Nitra County, Slovakia, and has the right to choose, expresses well a major many countrymen in New York City, espe­ reason for America's great economic and cul­ reached our shores and often in very cially downtown in the Wall Street area, tural strength-a reason why our free unique ways contributed to the healthy where they have a Vrbovciansky Kruzok enterprise system and our system of govern­ growth of our system of government and (circle), meeting in the restaurant of a well ment complement one another so perfectly. our free enterprise economy. known Slovak leader, John Mitacek: "And in The American has always had the right to Mr. John C. Sciranka, of Passaic, N.J., the War of Revolution," continued Congress­ choose his job; the right to use his earn­ is a scholar who has devoted much of his man FLooD, "Slovak love for liberty was ex· ings as he wishes; the right to choose his time to studying •the historic contribu­ emplifl.ed in the military exploits of CounJt education, his religion, his home, his public Maurice Benovsky, who served with Pulaski servants. He has the right to make his own tion of Slavs to the United States. I in­ at Savannah and who was born in the storied decisions; the right to risk faUure or gain clude in the RECORD at this point ex­ Nitra, the See of St. Methodius." success. This doctrine is a dynamic one, cerpts from his article, "SlaJVs Here Be­ Benovsky came to Baltimore, Md., well and, in my opinion, by placing your faith fore Mayflower,'' which appeared in the known Bohemian settlement in 1785 at the in a strong and free economy you will be May 1965 edition of the Children's recommendation of Benjamin Franklin, our helping to preserve one of the great forces Friend, a publication of the Slovak Cath­ American Ambassador, who met him in Parts that have given us strength individually and olic Federation of America: and gave him letters of introduction to as a Nation. American businessmen. Benovsky came on What, in truth, are these values we have SLAVS HERE BEFORE "MAYFLOWER" his ship Intrepid. Later Benovsky became been discussing? Actually, they evolve out (By John C. Sciranka) King of the Madagascar, where he was mor­ of a lifetirile of experience of building simple During the various celebrations and the tally wounded. Now, it is, indeed. remark­ meanings into complex concepts of thought Sokol Centennial which are being arranged alble that a century before Benjamin Frank­ and behavior. Further refined and enriched, ror this historical year, we recall proudly that lin's birth, two skilled Slovak craftsmen and these concepts become the values by which tne Slavs were here before the Mayflower. four Poles, helped build Jamestown, the we live and by which we serve. Built on a The American Slovaks are proud that they first permanent English settlement in the discipline of the mind, our values constitute belong to a family of over 350 million Slavs New World. our greatest strength, giving us the power of whom over 35 million are loyal American • • • • • not only to discrimlnate between right and citizens. May we be permitted to suggest at this wrong but to experience intellectual and We recall that besides the famous Dal­ point that we too take a lesson from the emotional pleasure in such things as the matians, who are Croats from the present first colonists and train young folks to take companionship of books, the inspiration of day Yugoslavia and accompanied Christopher our places in the Slavonic and Slovak or­ noble architecture and great art, the sound Columbus on his voyage to the New World, it ganizations. We can see that the spirit of of music, the majesty of mountains, sea, and is most significant that a year before the training future leaders was always the ob­ stars-in fact, in all things that have in­ Mayflower dropped anchor otr the New Eng~ jective of our pioneers. We can see it also tegrity and beauty. land coast, carrying immigrants who were to from the actions of Peter Stuyvesant, who 50 I have tried to present for your considera­ establish a Puritan theocracy in the northern years after the Jamestown experiment, as tion some standards of excellence which may wilderness, Polish, Slovak, and other Slav im­ Governor of New Amsterdam, now New York, serve as a guide in our world of shifting migrants were fighting for democratic rights held out allurements to a group of Slavonic values because I so strongly believe that in the young Virginia colony. pioneers. your sense of values and your active partici­ Before relating these historical facts, let Augustine Herman, born in 1600, first pation can be poignant in the transformation us pause with historians and fill ourselves Czech (Bohemian) in America, was on his of life. So once more I dare you, in the with pride that the doughty Capt. John board of advisers. Herman later established spirit of Tennyson's "Ulysses": "Follow Smith, of Virginia fame, implanted his name Bohemian Manor in Maryland and made a knowledge like a shining star beyond the firmly in the history of New England States, first map of the State. He died in Mary­ utmost bound of human thought. Come, a dozen years before Capt. Myles Standish ap­ land in 1686. my friends, 'Tis not too late to seek a newer peared on the scene with the Pilgrim Fathers. In 1659 a group of Poles arrived and world. Push off, and sitting well in order Capt. John Smtth fought the Turks with settled near Fort Orange, now New York, smite the sounding furrows; for my ·purpose the Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, and other Chris­ where their skill as tillers of the soU soon holds to sail beyond the sunset, and the tian Slavs before coming to establish James­ became evident. baths of all the western stars, untU I die. town, Va., in 1607. He brought the men­ During the same period of the Dutch occu­ To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield." tioned Slavs with him as craftsmen to the pation, Dr. Alexander Kurtusz, a Pole, whose It is argued that history will judge us by New World. He admired their courage for he name has become known to history as Cur­ our culture rather than by our material fought with them against the Turks. After tius, is credited with having established. the accomplishments. A culture is continu­ winning many decorations for bravery first school of secondary education in Amer­ ously re-created, for good or for 111. For against the Turks, he visited as a hero Po­ ica, which subsequently became an academy some, this re-creation wUl be a dreary burden; land, Moravia, Bohemia, Slovakia, and other at which pioneers of more than one racial for others, it will be an invitation to great­ countries of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. strain received their early education. ness. In the spirit of the dare with which I And again these Slavonic warriors, when they In connection with this, we wish to men­ began, I urge you, with your freshness of witnessed Smith's bravery, they did not hesi­ tion Bedrich Phillipse, founder of the Phil­ vision, to bring new vitality to values in your tate to join his expedition to the New World, lipse Manor, another Czech refugee from own behavior as you face the catastrophes where he headed the Virginia colony as its Holland, who was very influential in West­ of social ills, pressures, and cruelties. president. Although Smith was forced to chester County, near Tarrytown, N.Y., and What was Keats' reference to man's ab111ty quit the presidency of the colony, he put his beautiful daughter Marie was courted by to locate the citadel inside himself? It is New England on the map. He was known as Gen. George Washington, famous Father of always difficult to deal with the interior "Admiral of New England" for he com­ our Country. struggle between good and evil, exhilaration manded a two-ship expedition to the coast and defeatism. But there will be no need for of New England in 1614. After his return to JAN A. KOMENSKY despair. Something indomitable in man England with a cargo of .codfish, Smith Our thoughts also turn to the famous Har­ wants goodness to prevail. The values you planned to return to establish a colony in vard University, where the renowned educa­ hold in trust will elevate man out of per­ New England. No doubt, he had Slavs, his tor, Johannes Amos Commenius (Komen­ versity into a better life. faithful warriors on this expedition, for he sky) was invited almost three centuries ago Therefore, I say: Strive, my friends, to at­ had the greatest trust in them. to be its rector. Komensky was born in Mo­ tain the lofty eminence of that pinnacle in • • ravia and· the University of Bratislava, Slo­ life which will ennoble the mind and in­ And on Thursday, July 26, 1956, the New vakia, is named for him. He spent most of spire you to nourish and exalt the human York Journal-American published on its edi­ his youthfUl years in Presov, metropolis of spirit. torial page, under the title "Early Ameri- eastern Slovakia. Komensky's monument CXI--980 15522 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE July 1, 1965 stands in front of the Moravian College, Somalia achieved its independence and under which the U.N. was chartered. In Bethlehem, Pa., founded by Moravians, joined with British Somaliland to form 1945, the world arena was an illusion of where we will hold our Slovak Catholic Sokol great power cooperation. This illusion National Slet and Track and Field Meet on the Somali Republic. July 16-18, 1965 at Lehigh University. The Somali Republic faced many was dissipated in record time. The con­ Perusing the pages of history we find that problems in combining the two formerly ditions under which the charter was ef­ Maj. John J. Polerecky, son of Count Andrew separate areas into an effective national fected are no longer in existence, yet no Polerecky of Slovakia, came to America with operation. She is to be congratulated serious advances have been made in re­ the French Expeditionary Army of Rocham­ on her achievements in establishing a vising it. beau to fight under General Washington. stable country and a working parlia­ The past 20 years have shown the Major Polerecky remained in America after world that changes should be made; that the Revolutionary War. First he resided in mentary democracy. Boston and later settled in Maine, where he The achievements of the Somali Re­ the charter is in need of some very im­ died on June 8, 1830. The famous John public are the more notable in light of portant and very basic revisions in the Hancock signed his naturalization papers as the limited economic resources of the organizational and financial realms. Governor of Massachusetts. country. Though it is at present a Attempted steps in this direction within The Slavs fought in the Civil War, when the organization have previously met the Sokol organization was established in primarily pastoral-agricultural economy, with skeptical rejection from those on Prague, on the side of Abraham Lincoln and efforts are being made to diversify and the other side of the ideological fence. in all subsequent wars. expand with the help of foreign capital. These countries, interested in using the In the volume of "Passaic and Its En­ Today, the Somali Republic is cele­ U.N. as an extension of their threaten­ virons," by late historian, William W. Scott, brating 5 years of independence. I want Rev. Henry Loskiel, a Moravian missionary, is ing foreign policy arm, should not be mentioned. He was baptizing Indians in to convey the best wishes of the Ameri­ allowed to block honest attempts at 1676 in the vicinity of Passaic. And Moravi­ can people to the people of the Somali revision. ans were Slavs, who with the Czechs and Republic, with the hope that they will It is clear that if the new forces which Slovaks formed the great Moravian Empire, enjoy continued economic progress and are currently entering the world arena whose ruler, Rastislav, invited SS. Cyril and political stability. are to be taken in stride, the United Methodius to his domain in A.D. 863. Chris­ Nations organization must be flexible. tian Post, a Moravian missionary, is men­ If future paralysis is to be avoided, the tioned as one of the founders of the city of PROPOSING AN INTERNATIONAL machinery must be oiled, not left to rust. Pittsburgh, Pa. His great accomplishments THE were published in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD COMMISSION TO STUDY It should be remembered that when the by the writer. NECESSARY REVISION OF THE League of Nations lost its international Polish nobleman, Zaborowski, who was an UNITED NATIONS support and degenerated into an inter­ early settler in New Amsterdam, later moved national debating society, incapable of to New Jersey, where he acquired large tracts Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, I doing anything relevant to the world of land in Bergen County, along the Passaic ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ scene at the time-incapable of censoring River, now home of countless Slavs. The man from New Jersey [Mr. WmNALL] Mussolini in Ethiopia, incapable of re­ family is known as Zabriskie. Poles have may extend his remarks at this point in pudiating Hitler in Europe--World War settled in Delaware with other Slavs as early the RECORD and include extraneous as 1650, according to our records. II resulted. What might have been is Reviewing all these facts, it is no wonder matter. always an interesting question, and I that the Slovaks are called the "Yankees of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there would hope that this past experience Europe." The writer quotes in his booklet objection to the request of the gentle­ would serve as a warning for the future. "Slovaks Under the Stars and Stripes," pub­ man from Michigan? The United Nations has been an ave­ lished in 1929 by the Foreign Language In­ There was no objection. nue of hope for a peaceful world. And formation Service, popularly known as FLIS Mr. WIDNALL. Mr. Speaker, the and now as Common Council, the late Presi­ the emphasis, on this 20th anniversary, dent William Howard Taft, who received the United Nations, when chartered 20 years should be a hopeful look to the future, American Slovaks, headed by Peter V. Rev­ ago, exemplified the hopeful idealism of and not a dark look to the past. I would nianek in Washington, D.C., in 1910, when the a tired world which had suffered therefore urge the President of the question "What is your mother tongue?" Wa81 through two major wars in quick suc­ United States, in this 20th anniversary added on the census questionnaires. This cession. In those past 20 years, much year, to take the initiative and propose same President Taft, during World War I, as has happened which can be chalked up the establishment of an international President of Yale University, addressing sev­ on both the debit and credit side of the commission, constituted along the same eral thousand Slovaks and Sokols in Bridgeport, Conn., stated: "The truth is, we ledger. And an answer to the blunt lines as the International Law Commis­ need a little poetry among our native Ameri­ question of the Organization's success sion, for the purposes of studying revi­ cans, we need appreciation of poetic ideals. can be posed in either positive or nega­ sion of the U.N. Charter. It is in the we need to have mixed with our everyday tive terms. A strict yes or no would be best interests of the United States, the humdrum life a little bit of romance that impossible. United Nations, and the entire world to you bring from the old country and we But whether we agree or disagree with accomplish this revision. welcome you on that account. Slovaks are the U.N.'s actions, its impact on the the 'Americans by choice.' They feel for America a deep gratitude. Here many of world scene is undeniable. This impact the rights denied in their native country has been felt in the Congo, Cyprus, THE BLUE REDCAP have been theirs unquestioned. It is on Kashmir, and upon the regional pacts Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, I American soil that the Slovak literature has which are an important part of the ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ largely sprung into being even the Slovak free world's defenses--ANZUS, CENTO, man from Alabama [Mr. EDWARDS] may language has been shaped." NATO, the OAS, and SEATO. The rec­ extend his remarks at this point in the ognized need for such pacts can be at­ RECORD and include extraneous matter. tributed to the widespread feeling that THE SOMALI REPUBLIC CELE­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the United Nations, when the chips are objection to the request of the gentle­ BRATES ~EPENDENCE down, becomes paralyzed into inaction. man from Michigan? Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, I The point, therefore, is not necessarily There was no objection. ask unanimous consent that the gentle­ to build more regional pacts, or to rely Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama. Mr. man from Michigan [Mr. CEDERBERG] on more extra-U.N. organizations, but Speaker, readers of this journal may re­ may extend his remarks at this point in to mold the U.N. into a more effective, call that on June 24, 1965, I brought to the RECORD and include extraneous active, and respected organization. attention the story of a 53-year-old red­ matter. The experience in international or­ cap at the municipal airport at Mobile, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there ganization which the world has gained Ala. objection to the request of the gentle­ from the ill-fated League of Nations, Clarence Robinson had been visited by man from Michigan? and in the past 20 years from the U.N. agents of the Department of Labor who There was no objection.. has provided a strong tradition in inter­ seemed to feel that he should be paying Mr. CEDERBERG. Mr. Speaker, national cooperation. This tradition is a minim urn wage to two other redcaps British Soma11land became independent being threatened by the cumbersome even though the two are not employees. on June 26, 1960. On July 1, 1960, Italian ~nd generally impractical machinery Each of the three gentlemen simply ap- July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORI>- HOUSE 15523 pear every day at the airport terminal Congressman EDWARDS has meanwhile as "Dominion Day," which I believe is and take their chances at receiving tips. called the case to the attention of Secretary still the legal title. And still others are of Labor Willard Wirtz. content to call it "Canada Day." The If Mr. Robinson is required to pay the Robinson, however, is beginning to feel minimum wage he would have to pay that his airport "gamble" has produced a particular name is not nearly as signifi­ more than his total income. gigantic pair of snake eyes. cant as the. events that have made this On June 23 I wrote to the Secretary of a day of celebration for all Canadians. Labor to bring this problem to his atten­ JULY 1, 1965. Our Independence Day marks the tion. On June 28 he responded, saying The Honorable ADAM CLAYTON POWELL, adoption by the Continental Congress of Chairman, Committee on Education and La­ the Declaration of Independence, a bill that the matter had been referred to the bor, House of Representatives. Administrator of the Wage and Hour of particulars against the King of Great DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: One day during the Blitain. And once we declared our in­ Contracts Division. week of June 7 agents of the Department of Meanwhile, Mr. Robinson has been Labor interviewed Mr. Clarence Robinson of dependence, we had to fight for it. formally notified that he must pay Mobile, Ala., regarding provisions of the Wage In contrast, Confederation Day in $1 ,104.78 in "back wages" to the other and Hour Act in his association with two Canada commemorates neither the start two redcaps. And they say they do not other gentlemen. of a fight for independence nor the suc­ Mr. Robinson is a 53-year-old Negro who cessful conclusion of a war or revolution. want either the "back wages" or the works as redcap at the Mobile Municipal Air­ Rather, it is one of the more significant minimum wage. port. His two associates are men who share milestones in a steady and peaceful evo­ As further information on this subject, the baggage carrying activities at the airport lution of Canada as a sovereign state. I call attention to the newspaper item during hours when Robinson himself has appearing in the Mobile Press of June 29, completed his 9-hour day. They are not em­ It may not be fully appreciated either and my letter of this date to the chair­ ployees. Each of the three men simply ap­ by Canadians or by Americans that the pear at the airport and take their chances celebration of Confederation Day is due man of the House Committee on Educa­ that travelers will leave tips. in part to the United States. Events and tion and Labor asking for assistance in Mr. Robinson pays the municipality a sum attitudes in this country, particularly in providing help where it is needed to a of $30 per month for the privilege of being the years immediately preceding 1867, deserving constituent. on the scene as a luggage handler. If Mr. stimulated both Canadians and British­ [From the Mobile Press, June 29] Robinson were to be required to pay the min­ ers to think how best to counter the "BLUE" REDCAP PLOT GROWS imum wage to the other two men (who are not employees) he would have to pay them United States. (By Bill Sellers) substantially more than his income. Canada, like the United States, was a The plot had thickened this week in the On June 23, 1965, I wrote the Secretary of frontier country. The ideas of the Amer­ stirring drama of "The Redcap vs. the De­ Labor to bring this situation to his attention. ican Revolution and of the Jacksonian partment of Labor." In a return letter the Department informs period had their impact on Canadian In case you don't recall, Clarence Robin­ me the matter is being looked into. son, redcap at Mobile's Municipal Airport, Meanwhile, the Wage and Hour branch has thinking. The American Revohition recently became the subject of an intense formally notified Mr. Robinson that he must also had its impact in Britain. It stimu­ probe by the wage and hour branch of the pay the other redcaps back wages amounting lated many Britishers to reappraise the Department of Labor. to a total of $1,104.78. value of colonies. This, together with Investigators decided that since Robinson My understanding is that the two other the rise of economic liberalism, made carries the luggage of people who have crossed redcaps have formally notified the airport almost all segments of British leadership State lines, he is involved in interstate com­ manager that they do not wish to receive willing to reexamine the relation of the merce. Therefore, they decreed, he must either the back payment of wages or the pay two other associate redcaps minimum $1.25 an hour as a minimum wage. Perhaps mother country with its dependencies. Federal wages of $1.25 an hour. it is because they realize better than the And their thinking was fortified by the famous report of Lord Durham in 1839 HE PROTESTS Department of Labor that enforcement of these regulations in this case will cause all that urged union for the provinces of Robinson protested that he had not hired three hardworking gentlemen to lose their Canada and a system of responsible anyone and that the other two men were means of livelihood. government. simply coming to the airport every day on I will very much appreciate any assist­ a gamble--gambling that they would get ance or helpful information that you may be Our own Civil War-or War Between tipped and that weather would permit flying. able to provide. Thank you. the States-intensified anti-British sen­ A Mobile Press account of Robinson's plight Sincerely, timent in this country. Canada as an was called to the attention of Congress by JE. outpost of Britain felt this sentiment Representative JAcK EDWARDS of Mobile who more than Britain did. In 1866 we abro­ had the story inserted into the Congressional gated the Reciprocity Treaty with Brit­ Record. CANADA'S 98TH BIRTHDAY EDWARDS said the action against Robinson ain. The most important result was seemed designed "to prolong the war on The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under Canada's heavy loss of markets in the poverty by adding to the list of those who previous order of the House, the gentle­ United States. On the military side a are poverty-stricken." man from New Jersey [Mr. GALLAGHER], series of border incursions into Canada CAN'T AFFORD IT is recognized for 1 hour. from the United States raised problems By poverty-stricken, he referred to Robin­ Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, dur­ of how best Canada would be defended. son who contends that he only makes $30 ing the past several years it has been my The burden was Britain's, but British weekly himself and therefore cannot afford privilege to be chairman of the House opinion favored the colonies assuming to pay the other two men a minimum wage delegation of the Canada-United States the obligation of their own defense. Be­ which would amount to about $200 weekly­ Interparliamentary Group. Along with hind these specific and identifiable is­ or $170 more than he collects. our colleagues from the Senate whose sues was the recurrent and strident Nonetheless, Robinson opened a real omcial-looking envelope from the wage and delegation has been headed by Senator theme of a minority in the United States hour branch a few days ago and almost had GEORGE D. AIKEN, of Vermont, we have that the only solution for our northern a spasm. met at least annually with a group of border difficulties was the annexation of He was being directed to pay one of the Canadian parliamentarians to examine Canada. other redcaps back wages amounting to problems of mutual interest and concern Like our own Founding Fathers, Can­ $919.10 and the other man a total of $185.6o=­ to our two countries. I will leave to ada PSIYS its homage to a hardy band of a total of $1,104.78. others who have served on our delega­ 33 ''Fathers of Confederation." Their THEY DON'T WANT IT tion to express their views on the values average age was 46-and four of them And now comes the real kicker: the derived from these meetings. For my were only · in their 30's. Chief among two men whose rights are being so zeal­ part I will content myself with the ob­ these was Sir John A. Macdonald who ously protected by their Government don't servation that I have gained a perspec­ had, in the words of one Canadian his­ want the money. tive on our relations with Canada that no torian, "the supreme gift of leadership." Airport Manager Perry Baucum has re­ amount of reading could produce. A Scotsman by birth, he had come to ported to city omcials that both men have I have asked for this special order to­ Canada as a child, studied and practiced repeatedly said they don't want the back day, July 1, for a very special reason. law, and was active throughout his life pay nor the $1.25 an hour. Today is the 98th birthday of Canada. in Canadian politics. Others like Sir They say they are willing to "gamble" just In our diplomatic list it is designated as Georges Etienne Cartier, Sir Samuel like Robinson, according to Baucum. ."Confederation Day." Others refer to it Leonard Tilley, Sir Etienne P. Tache and 15524 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - . HOUSE July 1, 1965 George Brown, were the Canadian equiv­ and I certainly hope that I will be able to two countries of the bounties of this alents of our Adams, Jefferson, Frank­ personally join in the celebration of this great North American Continent in lin and Wilson. I must make special centennial. neighborly cooperation. reference to one other Canadian "Father" Canadians have every right to be proud Sir Charles Tupper, of Nova Scotia, of the achievement of thei:J," confedera­ whose skill and determination brought tion, as we are proud of our independence A PROPOSAL TO PROHIBIT DIS­ that Province into Canada. One of his for which much blood was shed. CRIMINATION IN HIRING PRAC­ descendants is STANLEY TuPPER, the The United States and Canada share gentleman from Maine, who has served the same continent with its vast re­ TICES AGAINST MIDDLE-AGED with distinction on our delegation of sources, potentialities, history and cus­ AMERICAN WORKERS BECAUSE parliamentarians. toms, each nation completely inde­ OF THEIR AGE It was this small group who brought pendent yet banded together for the pro­ The SPEAKER ·pro tempore. Under about the confederation of four Cana­ tection of our shores. previous order of the House, the gentle­ dian Provinces--Quebec, Ontario, New It is a privilege to serve as a member man from Illinois [Mr. PUCINSKI] is Bnmswick, and Nova Scotia-into par­ of the interparliamentary group and I recognized for 15 minutes. tial self-government in 1867. Within have gained much insight and knowledge Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask a few years the western provinces and about mutual problems. unanimous consent to extend my re­ then the midwestern provinces were Happy birthday, neighbors. marks and include extraneous matter. linked. The last of the 10 provinces to The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there join the union of Canada was Newfound­ CANADIAN CONFEDERATION DAY- objection to the request of the gentleman land in 1949. from Dlinois? Since 1867 there have, of course, been 1965 There was no objection. many other events that mark the trans­ Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the formation of Canada from a self-govern­ unanimous consent that the gentleman General Subcommittee on Labor, headed ing dominion to a fully soverign nation. from Minnesota [Mr. FRASER] may ex- by Congressman JAMES RoosEVELT has But like so many things British, these tend his remarks at this point in the agreed today to begin 3 days of hearings were often small precedents which the RECORD and include extraneous matter. on amendments to the fair employment passage of time has elevated into basic The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there practices section of the Civil Rights Act principles. objection to the request of the gentleman of 1964. Mr. Speaker, I do not believe that any from New Jersey? As a member of this subcommittee I Member of this body will deny me the There was no objection. shall press for including in the amend- privilege of expressing to our Canadian Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, today, ment a provision which would bar dis­ friends the greetings of this House. I July 1, 1965, is the 98th anniversary of crimination in hiring practices against leave it to officials in the executive Canadian Confederation. July 1 is to middle-aged workers because of age. branch to convey appropriate exPres­ Canadians what Independence Day is to The law now bars discrimination be­ sions through formal and well-estab­ Americans and Bastille Day is to the C8.1use of race, religion, national origin lished diplomatic channels. But we who French, although the Canadian nation and sex. The exhaustive study just glory in the freedom of speech can ex­ was born not of revolution but by concluded by the Labor Department and tend in less formal phrases to our legis­ evolution. announced yesterday clearly indicates lative opposites in Canada our own cor­ Prior to 1867 the separate colonies that until we close the loophole of dis­ dial and sincere sentiments on an occa­ moved from rule by royal proclamation crimination because of age, countless sion such as this. To all Canadians, toward responsible government. In 1867 thousands of American workers, who are from sea to sea, it is my pleasure to say the confederation of the separate colonies otherwise fully qualified, will be denied "Happy Birthday." You may not al­ into a single Canadian nation was made an opportunity for new employment ways agree with us, but yours has al­ possible. On July 1 of that year royal once they lose their original jobs, simply ways been an honorable course and we proclamation was given to the British bec~use of their chronological age. respect you. The House of Representa­ Parliament's British North America Act It should be a source of concern to tives of the United States Congress establishing a confederation of Lower all of us when Secretary of Labor Wirtz wishes for your country the continued Canada, Quebec; Upper Canada, On- reports that in the 30 States which now blessings that liberty brings to men. tario; Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, do not bar age discrimination, half the Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. which have been joined by the remainder job openings . are closed to applicants Speaker, as a member of the House dele­ of the provinces over subsequent years. over 55 years of age and a quarter to gation of the Canada-United States In­ Canadians are rightfully proud of the applicants over 45. terparliamentary Group, which has done achievement of their confederation and It should be a further source of con­ so much to improve working relations are already engaged in preparations for · cern to us that the Labor Department between our two great nations, I would celebration of the lOOth anniversary on study indicates many age limitations are like to join with my other colleagues in July 1, 1967. These plans include an imposed without any regard to job re­ extending best wishes to our neighbors in international exposition during that year quirements, although older workers gen­ Canada on Confederation Day, July 1, a at Montreal, known as EXPO 1967, at erally perform at least as well as younger day so close to our own Independence which the United States will be repre- ones. Day. sented by a pavilion which has already In addition to the more recent Labor In 1867, a small group known as "Fath­ been authorized by this Congress. Department study, we have another ers of Confederation" brought about the Recently, I had the opportunity and study completed by the Commerce De­ confederation of four Canadian Prov­ pleasure to attend a meeting of the partment in 1962 which clearly estimated inces--Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick, Canada-United States Interparliamen- that the odds of an American worker past and Nova Scotia-into partial self-gov­ tary Group at Ottawa and Montreal. the age of 45, once he loses his job, of ernment. Within a few years the west­ This was an excellent meeting serving a finding another one similar to it, are 6 to ern Provinces and then the midwestern most useful purpose. I am certain that 1 against him. Provinces were linked. The last of the both the Canadian and United States This is a situation which actually rep­ 10 Provinces to join the Union of Canada participants came away with a deeper resents a crisis among America's middle­ was Newfoundland in 1949. understanding of the common problems aged workers. The situation may not be Plans are now in progress for the cele­ and prospects that we face today. This as pronounced when the country is en­ bration of the 100th anniversary to be is just one of the very many examples of joying its 5th year of economic expan­ held July 1, 1967, in Montreal, which is close cooperation which marks our rela- sion, but it may be safely assumed that known as EXPO 67. I have been per­ tions with our neighbor to the north. the moment there is a slowdown in em- sonally kept informed of the progress of I know that all Americans join with ployment, older workers displaced by this fine exposition through periodic re­ me in sending their best wishes to Can- economic conditions will have virtually ports of this program. The United States ada on its celebration of this 98th anni- no opportunity to obtain other jobs con­ will be represented by a pavilion, which versary of confederation and look for- sistent with their abilities because of this has already been authorized by Congress, ward to the continued sharing by our. age discrimination. July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL REC0RD- HOUSE 15525 I find it a source of great pride to know sion plans and health and welfare pro­ as low as 35 or 40 years of age--more that those of us who have been urging grams, the hiring of older people fre­ often at age 45 years or older. positive action to deal with this problem quently imposes ·. additional financial Changes in policies, practices, and at­ now find the Labor Department and burdens on the employer which he avoids titudes toward the hiring, training, and Secretary Wirtz urging a national policy merely by not hiring these older people. use of middle-aged and older workers against hiring that discriminates against The study by the U.S. Department of frequently vary among employers. older workers. Labor shows that unemployment is more I have introduced this legislation be­ Admittedly, there are many problems prevalent among older workers in this cause I beJ,ieve that job opportunities which must be met before such a policy· country. This situation exists not be­ should be available for all of our people can become effective. cause older workers are less capable or who are able and want to work. Each The hearings before my committee less productive, but· simply because it worker should be considered for em­ clearly indicate that there is an economic costs an employer more money to hire ployment on the basis of his individual factor involved, owing to the growth of them. This is a fact which too many of qualifications as these measure up to the health and welfare programs and pension our social agencies have tried to mini­ basic requirements of the job. Every plans; which actually cost an employer mize. employer should be permitted to recog­ more money to hire an older worker as I firmly believe the time has come nize that in a job it is ability that against a younger worker capable of do­ when we in Congress should face this counts-regardless of age--and that in ing the same job. issue fairly and squarely. reality there is no fixed age at which a The Labor Department quite properly I have just completed a very thorough person becomes too old to work. suggests that one answer to this problem study of this subject only to find that I have thousands of letters from my might lie in portable pension credits most social agencies-including a very constituents who tell me they have been which enable a worker to carry his stake distinguished citizens' committee recent­ out of work for months or even years in a pension plan with him to a new job. ly appointed by the Secretary of Labor­ simply because they are told ·they are I strongly support this concept. have tried consistently to minimize this considered too old to be hired. I have also introduced H.R. 654 which cost factor in appraising the entire prob­ The tragedy of these people is that they would give an employer a complete tax lem of why industry is becoming more are too young to claim their pensions un­ credit on whatever additional costs are and more reluctant to hire older workers. der social security and too old to be hired involved in hiring ari older worker, as I submit, Mr. Speaker, that these ef­ by private industry. compared to hiring a younger worker forts to minimize the additional costs I have tragic letters from both men with similar skills. I shall include a copy of hiring older people--well meaning as and women who are either in their late of H.R. 654 at the conclusion· of my they may be-are misdirected. The fact thirties or early forties and cannot get remarks. of the matter is that older workers have employment simply because industry Before we ean effectively bar discrimi­ a higher rate of unemployment in Amer­ tells them they are too old. In many nation in hiring practices because of age, ica-despite our present · boom-than instances, these people have growing we must give serious consideration to the their younger counterparts. children who must be fed and educated. economic factors involved. Industry The Department of Labor reports that What are these unfortunate souls to do? should not be compelled to carry the full there were only 2.9 percent of people We in Congress must also recognize burden of these additional costs. I am between the ages of 25 to 44 unemployed that the whole concept of family life in firmly convinced, however, that until we as against a total of 3.5 percent unem­ modern America has changed. When I add a bar against discrimination because ployed between the ages of 45 and over. was a little boy, it was a practice for the of age in the Civil Rights Act, both indus­ More tragically, this same survey showed young people to take care of their older try and Government-and, yes, even that older people remain unemployed for relatives. It was not uncommon in my the Congress--will continue to drag their a longer period of time. Witness these home--and I am sure this was true in feet in finding a solution to this problem. figures prepared by the Department of many of your homes-that we always There is no doubt in my mind that we found an extra room for either a grand­ Labor: In 1955, 30.1 percent of the peo­ parent, or a parent or some uncle or can find a solution which will relieve in­ ple between the ages of 25 to 44 were un­ dustry of many additional costs if, in­ employed for 15 or more weeks against aunt, to put them up for a spell if they deed, we put our minds to it. 42.3 percent of those unemployed for 15 were out of work. The whole family It is for this reason, fortified by the or more weeks in the age group of 45 or would pitch in and help. But today, Labor Department report issued yester­ older. when the modern house barely has room day, that I shall press for inclusion of a for the immediate members of the fam­ hir­ We must recognize the fact that mod­ ily, when young people in these times of prohibition against discrimination in ern business theories are based on dollar ing practices because of age when this volume and dollar profits. Because of inflation find it difficult to make ends matter comes before my subcommittee intensive competition, the modern busi­ meet for the needs of their own imme­ on July 19. diate family, including the wife and I feel confident that with this addi­ nessman or industrialist-no matter children, they can hardly be expected. to tional support, the glaring gap in fair how considerate ·he may want to be-­ must consider his enterprise in terms of look after their older relatives. Lamen­ employment practices can be closed and costs versus profits. Many theorists have table as this may be, it is a hard and fast older workers can be helped to face the tried to persuade industry under our free economic reality in modem America. future with a greater degree of confi­ enterprise system-as we know it-to It is for this reason that I urge the dence. forsake its profits for more humane pro­ Congress to approve as quickly as pos­ The legislation which I have intro­ grams. This, of course, is a worthy sible my proposal to give industry a tax duced would give an employer a full tax cause but unfortunately fails to recog­ credit against its income tax for the credit for whatever additional costs he nize the realities of a desire for highest additional costs of hiring older people. may encounter whenever he hires or re­ profits on an investment. Why should I firmly believe this problem has reached tains as an employee an older person. one businessman be asked to take a loss the proportion of a national crisis. · Under my proposal, the Federal Govern­ when such action may well drive him out I could cite a myriad of statistics to ment would help eliminate one of the of business because of mounting compe­ prove that middle-aged or older workers biggest obstacles confronting modern tition from similar industries not quite are more reliable, more productive, American industry regarding the hiring more dependable, and less susceptive to of older people and would in effect en­ as altruistic as himself? changing their position once they gain courage industry to make employment The fact of the matter is that in actual employment. available to our growing army of older employment practices today, as the De­ But I can also cite statistics to prove workers. partment of Labor points out, the age at that the reason why employers prefer not This is a far-reaching measure which which the job seeker encounters employ­ to hire older people is because it costs for the first time would recognize that ment varies widely with his occupation, them more to train an older worker and under . our modern concept of business industry, locality, and with the general it also costs t~e employer more in the and industry, where the employer is conditions of the labor market in his way of pension contributions-where a faced with ever-increasing costs of fringe area. Age restrictions are applied arbi­ firm has a pension plan-and more for benefits in employment, including pen- trarily by many employers--sometimes health and welfare insurance. 15526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 1, 1965 I must state as fi:rmly as I can that of doing business. But under existing "Sec. 38. Credit for employment of older those who have tried to minimize these procedures he recovers only a fraction of persons. additional costs-well-meaning as they the added cost of hiring or retaining "Sec. 39. Overpayments of tax." may be--have done a grave disservice to older people. By allowing the employer SEc. 2. (a) Section 36 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (x:elating tq disallow· the older workers of America. The busi­ a full tax credit after he has computed ance of credits to individuals paying optional nessman or industrialist who must bear his corporate tax, in addition to his nor­ tax or taking standard deduction) is the additional costs knows these indis­ mal tax deduction, he would be able to rumended by striking out "and 35" and in­ putable facts, regardless of what the claim the entire additional cost of hir­ serting in lieu thereof "35, and 38". various "experts" may claim to the con­ ing older people against his firm's in­ (b) Section 37(a) of such Code (relating trary. come tax. to retirement income credit) is amended by Permit me, Mr. Speaker, to cite figures I -believe the plan is sound and I ear­ striking out "and section 35 (relating to partially tax-exempt interest)" and inserting prepared by the Department of Labor nestly hope Congress will approve it just in lieu thereof "section 35 (relating to par­ as to additional costs involved in hiring as quickly as possible. I have discussed tially tax exempt interest), and section 38 older workers in the steel industry­ this proposal with the legislative coun­ (relating to credit for employment of older which has an excellent pension plan. sel here in Congress and am assured it persons)". These figures clearly show that the em­ is not in conflict with our existing reve­ SEc. 3. The amendments made by this Act ployer's annual contribution to the pen­ nue code. shall apply only with respect to taxable years sion fund for a worker starting out at In the name of humanity, in the name ending after the date of the enactment of age 30 is only $120 annually; but this of helping our older citizens keep the this Act. same employer's annual contribution to jobs they now have, and help those un­ Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, will the pension fund for a worker starting employed to get employment, I urge the gentleman yield? out at age 4S is almost double, or $214 speedy approval of this measure. Mr. PUCINSKI. I yield to the gentle­ annually. The cost per hour per worker H.R. 654 man from Texas. is 6 cents an hour for the employee start­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, I ing out at the age of 30 years as against of Representatives of the United States of commend my colleague, the gentleman 10.7 cents an hour for the worker aged America in Congress assembled, That (a)· from lllinois [Mr. PuciNSKI] for the 45. The cost jmnps to $242 a year, or part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of the presentation which the gentleman has 12.1 cents an hour, for the worker aged Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (relating to made here today with reference to this 50. For the worker aged 55, the annual credits against tax) Is amended by redesig­ highly important subject. nating section 38 as section 39 and by adding cost is $265 a year, or 13.2 cents an hour. after section 37 the following new section: I would like to inform the gentleman This is for the pension fund only. To that the State of Texas, two sessions ago. this you must add the additional cost to "SEC. 38. CREDIT FOR EMPLOYMENT OJ' OLDER passed permissive legislation along those the employer for health and hospitali­ PERSONS. lines entitled ''Jobs After Forty." "(a) IN GENERAL.-In the case of an em­ zation insurance and all other fringe ployer (as defined in section 3401 (d) ) , there Much help was given to the members benefits. This is why I am proposing shall be allowed as a; credit against the tax of the legislature in support by the Fra­ this tax credit so the employer will not imposed by this chapter for the taxable year ternal Order of Eagles in that State. I have to carry the extra burden of these an amount determined under subsection (b). wish to commend the gentleman, and to costs and actually have an incentive to "(b) AMOUNT OF CREDIT.-The credit al­ offer my pledge of cooperation in his capitalize on the older workers' stabil­ lowed an employer by subsection (a) for any endeavors. ity when hiring him. taxable year shall be an amount equal to the Mr. PUCINSKI. I thank the gentle­ My proposal will in no way hurt the Increase in his cost of doing business during man. I am glad that the gentleman has such year which results from the employ­ brought up the question of the Fraternal younger workers of America. The popu­ ment of older persons, as determined under lation growth of this Nation along with regulations prescribed by the Secretary or Order of Eagles, because certainly this the increase in the labor force which we his delegate. For purposes of this subsec­ very distinguished organization has been will need to fulfill our needs will make tion, any expenditure made by an employer in the forefront in America in trying to plenty of jobs available for all-both in the conduct of his trade or business (in­ come up with ideas and programs which young and old. However, because in­ cluding insurance premiums, contributions would eliminate the specter faced by the dustry knows that it costs more to hire to pension funds, contributions to medical middle-aged and elderly workers who to­ costs, contributions to workmen's compensa­ day find it more and more difilcult to an older person-a cost which industry tion funds, and any other trade or business is reluctant to absorb-industry is in­ expense, including the increased cost of find employment, even if they are thor­ creasing automation to eliminate the training an older worker and increased cost oughly qualified. We know there is worker entirely. We all know that too of maintaining an increased medical and company after company and industry much automation could well destroy the nursing staff necessary where older persons after industry which, when a worker goes very foundation of our national economy. are employed, within the meaning of section looking for a job, the first question they The plan I have introduced would ac­ 162), whether attributable to an individual ask is "How old·are you?" If he is past employee or to the employees of such em­ 40 or past 45, no matter how well quali­ tually serve as an incentive to hire older ployer generally, shall be considered an in­ people and serve the best interest of our crease in the cost of doing business which fied he may be, no matter how excep­ entire Nation. Simply stated, it means results from the employment of older per­ tionally good are his qualifications and that an employer can claim a tax credit sons to the extent that it would not have experience, the personnel omcer advises for whatever the additional costs may be been required or made if the age of each em­ the applicant he is sorry, but the com­ in hiring or continuing to employ an ployee involved were the lowest age at which pany has a policy against hiring people older person, as compared to what it an employee could reasonably (and con­ above 45. That is the end of the inter­ would normally cost him to hire the sistently with the sound operation of the view. trade or business) be hired to perform sub­ youngest person who could do the same stantially the same duties (and no factor I thank the gentleman for his com­ job effectively. To cite an example, an other than age were taken into account). ments. I am glad the gentleman pointed employer with 100 employees would de­ "(c) CREDIT NoT To CAusE REFUND oF out that Texas has such a program. termine what the fringe benefits cost TAX.-The credit allowed by subsection (a) This is not a new idea to bar discrimina­ him for his youngest group of employees shall not exceed the amount of the tax Im­ tion against hiring practices because of doing work comparable to those of older posed by this chapter for the taxable year, age. That is now the practice in 20 employees. Using this figure as a base, reduced by the sum of the credits allowable States 1n America, and I do not see any he would compute the difference between under the provisions of this part other than reason why we should not make this a this section and sections 31 and 32. national policy as long as we have the this cost and the cost for all of his other " (d) CREDIT IN ADDITION TO DEDUCTIONS.­ employees in the same job classification. The credit allowed by subsection (a) shall be Civil Rights Act that applies across the He could claim the total of the differ­ in addition to, and shall not reduce or other­ board. ence as a tax credit. Thus, the employer wise affect, any deduction which may be al­ Mr. SKUBITZ. Mr. Speaker, will the would not suffer the extra cost from lowable under this chapter." gentleman yield? his own profits. , (b) The table of sections for such part IV Mr. PUCINSKI. I yield to the gentle­ Under existing law, an employer may is amended by striking out man from Kansas. now absorb part of this increased cost "Bee. 38. Overpayments o.f tax." Mr. SKUBITZ. Mr. Speaker, I should as a tax deduction in the normal course and inserting in lieu thereof like to commend the gentleman for his July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 15527 statement. It is a field we should have Only yesterday morning he informed seen it happen elsewhere, for other rea­ looked into a long, long time ago. I am OEO that his doubts about the program sons. It emphasizes the necessity for running into this problem every day of had been removed, yet that very evening amending the law so that the arbitrary people over 40 years of age who cannot he vetoed the bill, threatening to shatter use of the veto power can be appealed to find a job, people who are well qualified. the work of many people over many a higher authority. I am glad the gentleman is taking the months, and to throw New York City's I would like to take this opportunity lead in this matter. antipoverty effort into complete dis­ once more to commend Mr. Shriver for Mr. PUCINSKI. I thank the gentle­ ruption, if not destroy it completely. the work that he has done in this partic­ man, and I hope he will follow our hear­ If the Governor were sincerely inter­ ular instance. Mr. Shriver was not out ings with interest. I would strongly ested in the poverty program in New York dancing last night. He was working­ recommend we make enough copies City, would he have waited until the last because he knew how important this available of the Secretary's report yes­ minute to veto the bill? And does it not money was to help the poor people of terday, because for the first time, as far seem likely that he would have made New York City. as I know, the U.S. Labor Department some positive suggestions for overcoming The Governor put the chestnuts in the has admitted officially that there is a the difficulties he expressed? He made fire and then left them for Mr. Shriver practice of discrimination against hiring no such suggestions. He made no con­ to pull out of the fire. And pull them people in this country because of age. structive comments to indicate that he out he did. This is an excellent beginning and with was even remotely concerned with the It is not too late for Governor Rocke­ this report now as a basis this Congress success of this necessary program. In feller to restore the people's faith in his can work its will and do something about order to overcome this completely nega­ intentions regarding New York City's this problem. tive behavior, Sargent Shriver discussed war against poverty. If he erects no fur­ I thank the gentleman for his contri­ this crisis with New York poverty offi­ ther barriers-if he exhibits an attitude bution. cials and arrived at a tentative solution. of cooperation and concern, the program And while these desperate 11th-hour can move ahead dynamically along the discussions were being conducted, what path on which it has started. NEW YORK CITY'S $16 MILLION was the Governor doing? Was he seated The SPEAKER pro tempore Guam to provide for the lishment of the National Foundation on the factors other than population in apportion­ payment of legislative salaries and expenses Arts and the Humanities to promote progress ing either house of a bicameral legislature; by the Government of Guam; without and scholarship in the humanities and the to the Committee on the Judiciary. July 1, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 15541 PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. MIZE: By Mr. ULLMAN: H.R. 9608. A bill for the relief of Lucile H.R. 9612. A bill to provide for the free Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private B. Mahieu; to the Committee on the Judici­ entry of a Craig countercurrent distribution bills and resolutions were introduced and ary. apparatus for the use of Colorado State Uni­ severally referred as follows: By Mr. REINECKE: versity, Fort Coll1ns, Colo.; to the Committee H.R. 9609. A bill for the relief of Ramon on Ways and Means. By Mr. ABBITT: Padua; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. BOB WILSON: . H.R. 9606. A bill for the relief of Paul H. H.R. 9610. A bill for the relief of Saydi Issa H.R. 9613. A bill for the relief of Jermaine Fuller; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Ghazal; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Jacobson; to the Committee on the Judici­ By Mr. MADDEN: By Mr. ROOSEVELT: ary. H.R. 9607. A bill for the relief of Anastasi­ H.R. 9611. A bill for the relief of Anna Der H.R. 9614. A bill for the benefit of Mrs. os Andrew Kyres; to the Committee on the Sarkissian and Meguerditch Der Sarkissian; Jean M. Koppang; to the Committee on the Judiciary. to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Independence of Ghana In the years since 1957, Ghana, under Kingdom of Burundi in this third year of President Nkrumah's able leadership, has their independence. EXTENSION OF REMARKS been eminently successful in dealing During this brief span, relations be­ OF with at least two of the basic tasks which tween the Burundi Government and the confront nearly all of the African na­ Government of the United States have HON. ADAM C. POWELL tions. First, great strides have been always been friendly. Trade relations OF NEW YORK made in mending the deep cleavages have been beneficial to both countries, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES caused by tribal and linguistic diversity. and I refer particularly to coffee export. English is widely spoken and is the basic It is evident that the Government of Thursday, July 1, 1965 language of instruction in the schools, al­ Burundi is dedicated to serving the true Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, on this though other Ghanaian languages are interests of its people. day, July 1, the African nation of also being used in an effort to extend Ghana celebrates its 8th anniversary of education and inculcate national values independence, as well as the 5th anni­ in the remote areas of the country. Sec­ versary of the 1960 constitution which ond, Ghana has created a social and eco­ No Dictation for Young Republicans officially declared Ghana to be a repub­ nomic infrastructure unequaled by any llc. On this memorable occasion we other African nation. She has done this EXTENSION OF REMARKS wish to extend warm felicitations to His through a program for the development Excellency Kwame Nkrumah, President of basic industry and for increasing the OF of Ghana, and to His Excellency Miguel efficiency of the agricultural sector of the HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Augustus Ribeiro, the Ghana Ambassa­ economy. OF OHIO dor to the United States. In addition, a capital investment board IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As is the case with many of the Afri­ has been created for the purpose of en­ can nations, much of Ghana's early his­ couraging direct investment by outside Thursday, July 1, 1965 tory is lost in legends and folklore, al­ firms. The board insures against expro­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, in all though there is evidence that Ghana priation by the government and allows of the maze of postmortems which have was the name of an ancient West African free transfer abroad of profits after tax followed the election, several points re­ kingdom. Again in common with other liabilities. One of the largest of the for­ main clear through all of the smoke and African countries, our knowledge of its eign investments which have been at­ dust. Most Republicans do not want our recent past begins only with the period tracted by this program is a $280 million party to become a Socialist cousin of the of European colonial intervention. The aluminum smelter being built by the already hopelessly Socialist Democrat area which was known as the gold coast Kaiser Corp. and the Reynolds Metal Co. Party. We must stand for those prin­ was at various times ruled in part by the In the 5 years which have elapsed since ciples which are time honored and cor­ British, the Danes, the Dutch, and the the birth of the republic, President rect. It is obvious that we need to do a Germans, until it finally became a Brit­ Nkrumah has done much to realize the better selling job and many areas of self­ ish territory in the early 19th century. aspirations of the fervent Ghanaian na­ criticism are justified. Republicans have During the long periods of British rule, tionalism which he earlier did so much always responded with new ideas. We English customs and traditions were to develop. Ghana is now engaged in an must remember that the Republican slowly spread throughout the territory, ambitious 7-year plan designed to fur­ Party is still the best hope for a strong bringing about a gradual and perceptible ther realize these aspirations for eco­ America and the only hope for the pres­ unity among the population. Neverthe­ nomic and social progress. This gives ervation of the free enterprise system less, it should be added that this was cause for reassurance that Ghana is han­ and our entire basis of individual oppor­ only accomplished after prolonged and dling her problems in the most effective tunity and worth. While some may bitter fighting and not infrequent severe way possible, and that the past tradition choose the course of expediency and col­ exploitation of the native population. of amicable relations between the Gov­ laboration, most Republicans surely The British also made efforts to extend ernment of Ghana and the Government stand firm in this principle. elementary education to as many people of the United States will continue. One of the ideas which has been as possible--unlike their policy else­ thrown around is to undermine the au­ where--and in so doing planted not only tonomous nature of our Young Republi­ the seeds of future nationalism, but of can National Federation. I well recall future opposition to their continued pres­ Kingdom of Burundi when I was Young Republican National ence. Federation chairman how the Democrats Although the British created the con­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS operated. Chairman Butler had a very ditions needed to foster national unity, OF capable assistant, Dick Murphy, now with the activism necessary to make this feel­ the Post Office Department, who in effect ing an effective movement came about as HON. JAMES ROOSEVELT was executive director of the Young a result of the work of Africans. The OF CALIFORNIA Democrats. The Democrats elected a formation, first of the United Gold Coast IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES national chairman but he was on an Convention, and later of Dr. Kwame equal or possibly inferior basis with my Nkrumah's more dynamic Convention Thursday, July 1, 1965 good friend Dick Murphy. We want People's Party, were the ingredients es­ Mr. ROOSEVELT. Mr. Speaker, I none of this in the Young Republicans. sential to the attainment of independ­ should like to extend greetings to the We appeal to young Americans on the ence. Government and to the people of the basis of individuality and a fiat rejection