J March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6753 ! EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS IN MEMORIAM TO THE RT. REV. day on November 30th, 1976 delivered the spect, goodwill, and communion among MSGR. ANDREW J. ROMANAK, P.A. funeral eulogy in Slovak. all mankind. We memorialize Monsignor PASTOR-EMERITUS OF ST. MARY'S Father Francis Bischof of Ogdensburg, Romanak and the spiritual and humane New Jersey, who spent 12 years with him as legacy that his leadership has inspired ROMAN CATHOLIC SLOVAK his assistant and also as his successor-direc­ CHURCH OF PASSAIC, N.J. tor of the Pope Pius XU Diocesan High among our people throughout the many School, delivered the eulogy in English. congregations he has served. May he rest Other newspapermen paid him deserved in peace. HON. ROBERT A. ROE tribute, including the local publications, OF NEW JERSEY namely, The Herald-News of Passaic-Clifton, PROTECTION FOR VETERANS' AND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Morning and Evening Paterson News, the Beacon, The Monitor of Trenton, The Jed­ WIDOWS' PENSIONS Tuesday, March 8, 1977 nota (Union) of Middletown, Pa., the Czech Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, and Slovak Radio in New York City reported his passing and reviewed his prolific life as HON. PHILIP R. SHARP March 13, residents of my Congressional a priest, educator, fraternallst and leader. I OF INDIANA District, State of New Jersey will gather joined them by paying tribute to him and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at St. Mary's Parish Hall, Passaic, N.J., may his life be an inspiration to us all. with the Holy Name Society in memo­ Msgr. Romanak, a priest for 54 years, had Tuesday, March 8, 1977 riam to one of our most distinguished taken part in the establishment of the newly Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, today I join members of the clergy and good friend of created Diocese of Paterson. He was the Dio­ my colleague from Indiana (Mr. HAMIL­ all of our people, Rt. Rev. Msgr. Andrew cesan Director o! Catholic Youth, examiner TON) in sponsoring a bill to help 4.4 mil­ J. Romanak, P.A., pastor emeritus of St. of the clergy and a member of the Bishop's lion older Americans. This legislation Board of Consulators. Mary's Roman Catholic Slovak Church In 1949, Pope Plus XII elevated him to Do­ would prevent the Veterans' Administra­ who went to his eternal rest on Febru­ mestic Prelate, with the title o! Right Rev­ tion from reducing pension benefits as a ary 7, 1977. He passed away peacefully erend Monsignor, and to Prothonatary Apos­ result of cost-of-living increases in social and serenely, as he lived, in the rectory tolic in 1958. security benefits. were he resided since his resignation as Born in Newark, November 30, 1896, Msgr. The Veterans' Administration present­ active pastor 5 years ago at the manda­ Romanak attended St. James R. C. School ly bases a veteran's benefit amount on tory age of 75. and was a graduate of St. Benedi~t Prepara­ his current income minus certain deduc­ tory School, Seton Hall College and Immacu­ Monsignor Romanak was ordained to late Conception Seminary at Darlington. He tions. The income that remains, "counta­ the holy order of the priesthood on was ordained a priest on May 26, 1923, ln St. ble income," is then used to place the May 26, 1923, and has served as spiritual Patrick Cathedral, Newark. veteran in an income bracket with an adviser and reverend father dedicated to His first assignment was to Assumption assigned pension amount. As his count­ the well-being and happiness of each and of the Blessed Virgin Mary R. C. Church, able income increases, his benefits may every member of the many parishes he known as St. Mary Roman Catholic Slovak decrease if he enters a new income has served throughout the State of New Church. He was involved in many diverse bracket. Jersey. activities at the parish, including directing Because social security increases are Slovak plays, in addition to caring for the Mr. Speaker, the quality of his leader­ spirt tual needs of his parishioners. After considered countable income by the ship, the richness of his wisdom, and the serving for four years, Msgr. Romanak was Veterans' Administration, even these abundance of his caring and dedication assigned to Sacred Heart R. C. Church, Rock­ minimal amounts lift many veterans into to our young people and adults alike have away, New Jersey. the next highest income bracket, causing been warmly expressed on a number of He spent 18 years at Sacred Heart parish, a substantial reduction in their veterans occasions during his lifetime by the during which time he established mission pensions. The veterans or their survivors Honorable John C. Sciranka, editor of churches at Green Pond, Oak Ridge, Cozy find that while receiving a social security the Slovak Catholic Sokol and the Slovak Lake and Marcella. increase intended to allow them to keep Catholic Federation, and president of the Msgr. Romanak returned to St. Mary up with the cost of living, their veterans Church as pastor in 1945. Slovak Newspapermen's Association of While at St. Mary, Msgr. Romanak also pensions are reduced or cut off entirely. America. With your permission, I would served as director of Pope Plus XII Diocesan Such reduction often results in a net loss like to insert at this point in our histor­ High School. He served as director and chair­ of income. For example, it is estimated ical journal of Congress a copy of Editor man of the Passaic Local Assistance Board, that the recent social security increase Sciranka's statement memorializing chairman of the Board of Governors of St. effective on January 1 of this year is re­ Monsignor Romanak's lifetime of good Mary Hospital, chaplain of the Passaic po­ sulting in a $76 average monthly loss in works on behalf of his fellowman, as lice and the fire departments. Also honorary total income to recipients of veterans follows: national chaplain of the Slovak Catholic pensions. Instead of receiving extra in­ Federation of America. and its Eastern re­ come because prices are rising, they re­ MSGR. ANDREW J. ROMANAK, P.A. gion, and chaplain of Assembly 1, Slovak (By John C. SCiranka) Catholic Sokol. The intersection of First and ceive less. Catholics in the diocese of Paterson, New Monroe Streets in Passaic was named Msgr. I believe in the principle that Federal Jersey and the people in general have lost Romanak Plaza in his honor by the city of benefit programs should not duplicate a great friend in Msgr. Andrew J. Romanak, Passaic. each other, thus costing more than P .A., who served as a dedicated priest for More than 600 parishioners and other necessary or providing recipients with 54 years. friends attended a. dinner in his honor after undeserved benefits. But we must not al­ His funeral on Thursday, February 10, he retired and became pastor-emeritus in low the application of this principle to 1977 was the best testimony of his popular­ November 1971. permit lowering the standard of living ity and admiration. Bishop Lawrence B. Casey was the principal concelebrant of Mass of Mr. Speaker, it is indeed a privilege for 4.4 million veterans pension recip­ Christian Burial with 150 priests. Also the to call to your attention this exemplary ients during a time of inflation and Most Rev. Archbishop Thomas Boland, his profile of an outstanding member of our hardship. classmate, and Bishop Michael J. Dudick o! clergy. I respectfully request that you The present method of benefit deter­ his neighboring Byzantine Catholic Eparchy and our colleagues join with me in a mination fails to allow these people to and representatives of other denominations moment of silent prayer to the memory maintain an already meager standard of paid him tribute. of a great American, the Right Reverend living. Representatives o! various fraternal orga­ Monsignor Andrew J. Romanak, in ap­ This legislation would instruct the nizations, including the Knights of Colum­ Veterans Administration to disregard bus, the Holy Name Society and the Slovak preciation for all of his good works in Catholic Sokol, came from near and far to service to God through the acts of faith, cost-of-living increases in social security join the throng of mourners. His successor, hope and charity-instilling within the benefits when calculating a veteran's Father John J. Demkovtch, who with his hearts of all the noble bonds of brother­ pension. If passed, this bill will be retro­ parishioners honored him on his 80th birth- hood enriched with understanding, re- actively effective to January 1, 1973. 6754 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 I realize that legislation to do this has creasing oil consumption. It is not true that RELIGIOUS FREEDOM FIGHTER been introduced many times in the past if proper policies are followed enough new without success. It is my hope that those oil fields can be located and tapped so that -:>f us in Congress will act this year so the world can go on consuming oil as at HON. NEWTON I. STEERS, JR. that these older veterans and survivors present-an annual rate of increase of about OF MARYLAND 7 percent in the United States, for the will no longer be deprived of the finan­ worst example in the world. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cial assistance that they have earned, World capacity to sustain such expansion Tuesday, March 8, 1977 that they need, and that they so greatly will flatten out in the 1980's; if consumption deserve. then continued at the same level, the world's Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, at this oil would disappear in the first decade of the time, when our Nation is seeking to make THE NEED FOR A NATIONAL 21st century. Oil consumption therefore has a stronger statement for human rights to be reduced here and throughout the throughout the world, it is appropriate ENERGY POLICY world, and new energy sources have to be that the Maryland State Department of developed. Education and the Maryland Bicenten­ That is the reality that neither Richard HON. JOHN D. DINGELL Nixon in his Watergate travel nor Gerald nial Commission have sponsored an essay OF MICHIGAN Ford in his brief tenure ever really drove contest entitled "Charles Carroll of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES home to the American people or finally ad­ Carrollton: His Sacred Trust." dressed hixnself to, in realistic policy. That Charles Carroll was a significant Tuesday, March 8, 1977 is the reality that underlines the Carter Ad­ spokesman for religious freedom and for Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, articles ministration's pleas for a Cabinet-level De­ separation of church and State in the appear in the press from time to time partment of Energy and that is the reality history of Maryland and the Nation. Mr. Carter hixnself will finally lay before the But let us have the winner of the essay expounding the problems that this coun­ American people when he announces a com­ try confronts in its efforts to achieve a prehensive energy policy in April. contest, Elinor Schilling of Woodward unified energy policy. Some of these Conversations with omcials heavily in­ High School in Rockville, tell the story: articles make sense, others are not so volved in developing that policy-men like CHARLES CARROLL OF CARROLLTON-His fortunate. James Schlesinger, who will head the Energy SACRED TRUST I believe that the column by Tom Department, and Secretary of Transporta­ Independence, orderly government, reli­ Wicker in the New York Times of last tion Brock Adaxns-s.tress one point. If the gious liberty, and visionary economic devel­ Friday, March 4, makes a great deal of nation begins taking sensible steps now to opment tower among the legacies entrusted sense, and I believe that all Members cope with the energy crisis, it can do so with to America by its founders. Charles Carroll of relatively little change in its so-called life­ Carroll ton, a Marylander whose life spanned should consider Mr. Wicker's points very style. But if it does nothing, or too little, the the years 1737-1832, was among those found­ carefully. modern American way of life will become ers who so firmly implanted these attributes Among other things, Wicker points impossible to sustain within three or fow­ that they still influence and govern our out that: decades. state and nation. His contributions form a The energy crisis is not going to go away, Mr. Adams, for example, will announce by sacred trust, the example and exercise of as most Americans thought it did when the July 1 a set of standards for the automobile which help maintain national independence Arab embargo ended in 1974. companies that, beginning with 1981 mod­ in a dangerous world, orderly government els, will require the development by 1985 capable of withstanding the trauma of a He further states that: of cars that will deliver 27.5 miles to the Watergate, religious and civll liberty for all The first and most basic step that has to gallon of fueL By 1985, therefore, Americans Americans despite contending claixns, and be taken by Jimmy Carter: he has to con­ are going to be driving smaller, lighter, less economic development which gives the ordi­ vince the American people that there is an powerful cars, perhaps with innovative en­ nary American a more coxn!ortable standard unavoidable energy crisis that is going to gines or fuels. But they will stlll be using of living than aristocrats in Carroll's day require change, sacrifice and hard choices automobiles and Detroit will still be making could boast. :from all of them. them (and making profits from them) and Best remembered for having outlived the the mobility and convenience of that mode other signers of the Declaration of Independ­ The Subcommittee on Energy and of transportation will have been largely ence, Carroll's signature represents thought Power has engaged in a series of hearings preserved. and action far more slgniflcan t than mere in the last Congress and plans a new The Carter energy policy will require, for longevity. Historians Nevins and Commager set of hearings in the next few weeks on an'other example, a much higher level of list him among that small group of leaders the precise nature of the long range pol­ housing insulation than now exists for many of the Revolution, including Samuel and houses, and may have to offer some form John Adaxns, Jefferson, Jay, Hamilton, and icy questions that confront our country. of subsidy to help indivinual homeowners It should be pointed out, however, that Franklin, whom they characterize as "edu­ achieve it. But the overall pattern of sub­ cated men, writers and thinkers." Mr. Wicker's statements are nothing less urban living need not necessarily be much From his grandfather, Charles Carroll the than the hard truth and the sooner we altered. Settler, and his father, Charles Carroll of recognize these truths and deal with It is not hard to see other things that Annapolis, both of whom left him vast lands them, the better the country will be for will have to be done-more reliance on coal in Maryland, Charles Carroll of Carrollton it. reserves, for example; new processes to gas­ acquired a love of learning and a deep sense sify and desulphurize coal; far greater em­ of duty. Classical education in French Jesuit The article follows: phasis on solar energy research; more con­ !From the New York Times, March 4, 1977] schools, succeeded by studying law in Lon­ sistent and sensible regulatory procedures. don cultivated an articUlate man of philo­ CARTER'S OIL PROBLEM A stiff gasoline tax or some other device to sophical but practical intellect. By the time (By Tom Wicker) force reduced consumption probably will be he returned home in 1764, he judged neces­ necessary, too. WASHINGTON, March 2.-The Carter Ad­ sary and desirable eventual separation of the But the real problem, for the moment, is American colonies from Britain. An exponent ministration is serious in a way that its political. Mr. Schlesinger is concerned, for predecessors were not about coping with an of free trade, he felt increasingly the wrong­ one thing, about the tendency toward what ness of English taxation and regulatory energy problem that is real, growing, and a he called "Balkanization"-the breaking up grave threat to modern civilization. policy. of the country into regional and state in­ As a revolutionary and separatist, Carroll The energy crisis is not going to go away, terest groups pushing their own energy re­ as most Americans thought it did when the became prominent in 1773 through an ex­ quirements at the expense of others. Be­ change of letters in the Maryland Gazette Arab embargo ended in 1974. It is not going yond that, the first and most basic step has to be solved by gimmickry or swift techno­ with Daniel Dulany, supporter of the fifth to be taken by Jimmy Carter, he has to Lord Baltimore, Proprietor of Maryland. Un­ logical breakthroughs. convince the American people that there is The energy crisis is not merely the product der the pseudonym "First Citizen," he at­ an unavoidable energy crisis that is going to tacked "AntHon's" (Dulany's) defense of the of an oil company conspiracy, as some con­ require change, sacrifice and hard choices sumers think, although company policies do proprietor's right arbitrarily to fix certain fees from all of them. without referenc.e to the colonial assembly. affect oil and gas supplies and prices. Nor is That might better have been done at the the crisis going to be broken by giving the oil Acclaimed by the "popular" party, which op­ time of the embargo 1n 1973 and 1974, but posed the proprietor, Carroll's arguments companies even greater profits and more in­ the moment slipped away; just recently oU centives to produce, although these might augmented support in Maryland and other imports rose to the level of 10 million barrels colonies of separation from England. result in some increase in production. daily, more than twice pre-embargo levels. carroll worked hard for independence. The hard truth, as the Carter Administra­ The long hard winter just past gives Mr. Widely acknowledged a "most flaming pa­ tion sees it, is that the world's oil supplies Carter a new opportunity to make the case, triot," he joined other Maryland patriots, cannot much longer sustain the world's in- and his energy advisers says he alms to do it. aroused by England's closing of Boston Har- March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6755 bor, 1n a committee formed in Jnue, 1774, to anteed separation of church and state. How­ well prepared petition supporting the en­ work with other colonies' committees to "ef­ ever, a long road lay ahead to full liberty. In actment of this type of legislation. I fect such association as will best secure Maryland, disabilities for Jews remained would like to add my voice to theirs in American liberty." On June 28, 1776, while until 1826. Slavery continued. Even the calling upon my colleagues to seriously serving as delegate in the Maryland conven­ Emacipation Proclamation of 1863 did not consider the merits of these proposals. It tion occupied with drafting a new constitu­ apply, for Maryland was not part of the tion for the colony, he moved Maryland's Confederacy. In 1865, seventy-six years after is my hope that the 95th Congress will joining the other colonies to declare inde­ Carroll's effort, slavery was abolished in produce a well-rounded package of leg­ pendence. As delegate to the Second Conti­ Maryland by state action. islation which will enable credit unions nental Congress, Carroll signed the Declara­ Carroll fostered economic development. to better serve their members. tion of Independence on August 2, 1776, Maryland owes much to those who did not willingly pledging his life, property, and allow their landed wealth to block their vi­ sacred honor. sion for the wider development and pros­ A revolutionary regarding independence, perity of the state. Carroll's father set an FEASIDILITY STUDY OF POWER­ Carroll was no radical; he believed in orderly, example in founding the Baltimore Iron PLANT ENLARGEMENT AND RE­ stable government as the best guarantee of Works. Carroll infiuenced the legislature to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness approve a railroad to open the port of Balti­ REGULATING RESERVOffi, HUN­ as proclaimed in the Declaration of Inde­ more to Ohio Valley trade. A painting in the GRY HORSE PROJECT, FLATHEAD pendence. Influenced by classical studies of B & 0 Transport Museum in the old Mount COUNTY, MONT. the ideal republic and by his wealth and edu­ Clare Station depicts the scene on July 4, cation, and concerned by the challenge of 1828, when he broke ground at Mount Clare radicals, Carroll worked in the Maryland con­ for construction of the Baltimore and Ohio. HON. MAX BAUCUS vention to insure that the new state con­ At age 91, venerated as the surviving signer OF MONTANA stitution represented evolution from colonial of the Declaration of Independence, Carroll IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES government and precluded the anarchy he symbolically ushered 1n a new age of eco­ feared mlgh t ensue in a time of change and nomic development just over a half cen­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 turmoil. Retained were the features of a tury after he and his compatriots acted for Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. Gpeaker, today I am small, select, upper legislative house and of independence, orderly self-government, and property qualifications for voting and hold­ religious freedom in America. introducing a bill which would authorize ing office. His belief in the efficacy of thEse Charles Carroll of Carrollton emerges as the Secretary of Interior to engage in devices as bulwarks against majority tyranny an inspiration in the Bicentennial year. A feasibility investigations on enlarging the and his recognition of the revolutionary na­ man who perceived the future good and powerplant and building a reregulating ture of the proposed federal constitution led acted on it, he left a sacred trust that ap­ reservoir as part of the Hungry Horse Carroll to espouse that document vigorously plies to public and private well-being today Project in northwestern Montana. This in Maryland. In 1789, after its ratification, as it did in his day. Its continued wise ap­ the state legislature, where he had been serv­ project offers great promise as we seek plication assures America's future in liberty to meet the Northwest's power needs. ing 1n the upper house, elected him one of and justice. Maryland's first two United States Senators. Hungry Horse is one of the major proj­ A man of his class and time, Carroll con­ ects in the long-range plan for control tinued to prefer government by the elite, re­ and use of the waters in t."le Columbia sulting in erosion of his popularity and THE TEACHERS FEDERAL CREDIT River basin. It plays an important role eventual departure from politics. One man, in the program for meeting the growing one vote, without property qualifications UNION OF LONG ISLAND PETI­ came eventually without the consequences TIONS ON CREDIT UNION REFORM power load in the Pacific Northwest and feared by Carroll. His strong conservatism in in the plans for providing a storage sys­ this respect, derided by his political op­ tem for control of devastating floods. It ponents and by some later historians, how­ also contributes to irrigation and naviga­ ever, should not obscure his contributions to HON. THOMAS J. DOWNEY tion, and is a valuable recreation area. the practice and theory of evolutionary, or­ OF NEW YORK Construction of the dam and !)owerplant derly government. In other, later crises, such IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES was completed in 1953. as the Great Depression of the 1930's and Tuesday, March 8, 1977 The present power yield from the exist­ Watergate, the legacy served America well. ing four-unit powerplant produces a de­ Americans value their guarantees of re­ Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ ligious freedom. A haven of religious toler­ pendable capacity of some 238 megawatts. ance in early colonial days, Maryland cently received a petition signed by over The average annual energy developed at changed following England's "Glorious Rev­ 1,700 members of the Teachers Federal the site is 94 megawatts, based on the olution" of 1688. The Church of England be­ Credit Union. This vigorous financial in­ current studies utilizing the Bonneville came the established church, supported by stitution has served the Suffolk County, Power Administration Seasonal System taxation. Roman Catholics were debarred N.Y., teaching community for many Model. An overload rating of some 328 from public office and the franchise. The years, and I would like to take this op­ megawatts is attainable with suitable Catholic Carrolls chafed under the discrim­ portunity to relay the views of these in­ ination. In their exchange in the press in head. 1773, Dulany attacked Carroll on religious dividuals to my colleagues. The feasibility study I proposed would grounds. Carroll, responding with a brilliant The petition supports the expansion cost about $500,000 and would evaluate defense of his beliefs, and urging separation of credit union services as contained in the provision of additional generating of church and state as a guarantee of re­ two pieces of legislation introduced dur­ capaci,ty at Hungry Horse Powerplant. ligious liberty, revealed Dulany a bigot and ing this session of Congress: H.R. 3365, The existing installed powerplant capa­ Catholics patriots. the Depository Institutions Amendments city of 285 megawatts could be increased Protestant dissenters, who also opposed of 1977 and H.R. 1528, the Credit Union Anglican establishment, supported Carroll's to about 485 megawatts. A new 200-mega­ arguments as did Catholics throughout the Modernization Act. watt powerplant adjacent to the existing colonies. IDs case represented a significant The House, by passing title IV of H.R. plant and a reregulating dam about 2% advance toward religious and civil liberties 3365 which contains a provision allowing miles downstream would be the principal Americans now enjoy. Other actitons, too, credit unions to offer mortgage loans features. The plant would be run in con­ contributed toward liberty. During the Revo­ with a maximum term of 30 years, has junction with the existing powerplant lution, he opposed in Maryland's legislature, shown its commitment to the expansion when the water and hydraulic head are albeit unpopularly and unsuccessfully, the of credit union services. H.R. 1528, a arbitrary seizure of Loyalist property. Later, available. A 60-foot high reregulation more comprehensive credit union reform dam with a pool capacity of about 5,000 ln 1789, unable to reconcile the principles of bill introduced by Congressman ST GER­ the Declaration of Independence with slav­ acre-feet would be useful in smoothing ery, he proposed a bill gradually to free the MAIN and REuss, further provides credit out releases from Hungry Horse Power­ slaves in Maryland. He was ahead of his time unions with the legal authority to ex­ plant. Fish and wildlife, recreation, flood in that, too. pand the number of financial programs control, and water quality aspects would During the Revolution, religious disabiU­ they can offer to their membership. The also be considered, particularly in regard ties began to fall. In 1776-1777 Carroll helped establishment of a central liquidity fund to operation of the reregulating reservoir. draft and defend the new Maryland Consti­ and the freedom to invest credit union tution and its Declaration of Rights ending Also, the feasibility of installing a vari­ the Church of England's official status and funds more diversely are among the pro­ able level intake structure at the dam restoring political rights of Catholics and visions of this act. will be evaluated in the study. most others. To Carroll's delight, the First The members of the Teachers Federal Envisioned characteristics of the new, Amendment to the U.S. Constitution gua.r- Credit Union have presented me with a enlarged power generating complex at 6756 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 Hungry Horse would be 408 megawatts reregulating dam. Cooperative studies present conditions. The preliminary dependable capacity, about 106-mega­ would be carried out with the appro­ findings of the Montana State study watt average annual generation, and an priate Federal and State agencies, in­ team include the recommendation that overload rating of 428 megawatts. The cluding the fish and wildlife and recrea­ the Bureau of Reclamation study the facility could be peaked 6 days per week, tion agencies, the Bonneville Power Ad­ feasibility of constructing a reregulating 9 hours per day during the most critical ministration, and the Corps of Engi­ dam below Hungry Horse Dam in the period of peaking requirement-usually neers. These cooperative studies would near-term future. The immediate need January. In addition to consideration of be needed in part to determine the best for the reregulating facility is to smooth a new powerplant, there may be potential river operation when all competing out release from Hungry Horse Dam; the gains in the electrical limit at the exist­ needs are considered. State study pointed out that the reregu­ ing powerplant by rewinding generators. Hungry Horse storage and generating lation would be especially useful during This potential will be evaluated as a part capability make this project a key unit peaking operations at the existing power­ of the feasibility study. in the Columbia River system. Its favor­ plant, making the resulting smoothed out The effects of powerplant enlargement able headwater location provides control South Fork Flathead River flows more on the water level of Hungry Horse Res­ of a principal tributary stream. Genera­ compatible with those of the Flathead ervoir would be minimal, and recreation tion at Hungry Horse powerplant has a River downstream. uses should not be adversely affected. marked effect throughout downstream I am confident of local and State sup­ Streamflow conditions below the reregu­ power producing and storage facilities port for the potential Hungry Horse lating dam will be critical to fish and since coordinated releases made at Powerplant enlargement and reregulat­ wildlife resources. Hungry Horse pass through other ing reservoir. Montana citizens support The study would be closely coordinated major power and storage facilities be­ careful resource development, and Flat­ with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service fore reaching the Pacific Ocean. head basin residents have become ex­ and the Montana Fish and Game De­ A substantial amount of water now tremely interested in protecting and im­ partment to arrive at a plan which will passes Hungry Horse Dam in excess of proving their high quality environment. afford beneficial production of power as the hydraulic capacity of the existing These potential improvements in the well as downstream benefits to fish and powerplant. The current national energy Hungry Horse project are in line with wildlife. problems have pointed out the critical the current preliminary recommenda­ The potential for enlarging Hungry need to develop new electric power pro­ tions of the Montana Department of Nat­ .riorse powerplant was evaluated in the duction wherever possible. Hydroelec­ ural Resources and Conservation and the current western energy expansion tric power is desirable because it is a other members of the Montana State study with additional preliminary ap­ clean energy source which uses water-a study team. Since these recommenda­ praisal evaluation by an interdisciplinary renewable resource. tions and the draft level B plans for the team. At present, power benefit evaulat­ The Montana State study team, made Flathead River basin were developed only ing methodology and power values are up of the Montana Department of Nat­ after a planned basinwide public involve­ under question. Because of this, power ural Resources and Conservation and ment program, the new hydropower in­ benefits for the Hungry Horse project other State and Federal agencies, is pre­ stallation and the potential reregulating enlargement were calculated using two paring a "level B" plan for the Flathead pool should enjoy public support. approaches, both assuming a cost of $54 River basin. The study team reports Mr. Speaker, if preliminary estimates million, July 1975 price levels, a 6% that: First, the Flathead basin is a net on the cost-benefit ratio are at all relia­ percent interest rate, a completion date importer of electric power; second, the ble, expansion of the Hungry Horse of fiscal year 1981, and 200-kilowatt major problem in providing electric pow­ facilities would be an investment with a power production. The first approach is er for the basin is that of meeting ever very attractive rate of return for the the incremental analysis whereby the growing loads; and third, nuclear and American public. A feasibility study is additions to the existing plant are fossil-fuel generating plants are not certainly warranted, and I ask the sup­ treated as a separate plant with its own viable alternatives to hydropower in this port of my colleagues in seeing that the capacity and energy values. This is the basin because they are more costly. There legislation is passed. more stringent test, and results in a is no projected development of thermal benefit-cost ratio of 1.57 to 1. The second plants in the basin. approach is the ''with-without" analysis The Montana State study team re­ whereby the entire powerplant is looked ports that there are a number of good POSITIVE ACTION, NOT PHONY at before and after the addition. In this sites in the basin for new hydroelectric VOTES, ON THE PAY RAISE method, the difference in benefits is facilities. However, proposals to develop attributable to the addition, and results much of this potential have met with in a benefit-cost ratio of 3.14 to 1. strong opposition. The major reasons for HON. JOSEPH S. AMMERMAN Based on these analyses, the benefits this opposition are adverse environ­ OF PENNSYLVANIA from additional hydropower generating mental impacts and the fact that some IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capacity at Hungry Horse would exceed of the potential hydroelectric projects Tuesday, March 8, 1977 its costs, beneficial environmental im­ would adversely impact Glacier National pacts from a new reregula ting pool could Park, wilderness areas, or scenic streams. Mr. AMMERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have occur, and possible adverse environ­ Public Law 94-486, which was enacted been distressed to learn that an attempt mental impacts from the new facilities October 12, 1976, adds much of the head­ bas been made to turn the vote on the appear to be minor. Based on these waters of the Flathead River to the Wild motion to adjourn this House February favorable findings, an appraisal investi­ and Scenic Rivers System. This legisla­ 17 into a "symbolic" vote on the recent gation would be started in fiscal year tion includes the South Fork of the Flat­ pay hikes for Members of Congress and 1978 to evaluate various possible power­ head River from its origin to the Hungry other high Federal officials. plant enlargements and reregulating Horse Reservoir, and with these limits I do not think this House is well reservoir sizes and operations in more would not directly affect the powerplant served when routine procedural votes detail. If the results in the early stages enlargement proposal. are later given important substantive of the appraisal study are favorable, it In this context, the potential enlarge­ meanings. To me, a vote to adjourn is ment of Hungry Horse Powerplant is ex­ a vote to adjourn and I explained this to would be highly desirable to immediately my constituents in a recent column for convert the study to feasibility level in tremely attractive; preliminary indica­ the newspapers in the 23d district. order to eliminate unnecessary delays tions are that dependable generating in completing the planning which is a capacity could be increased about 60 per­ Not long after he became President, prerequisite to the development of cent. The powerplant enlargement would John F. Kennedy said ruefully of his needed hydropower facilities. provide increased generating capacity to office's burdens: Powerplant enlargements of about 200 meet growing power needs while causing It is easier to make the speeches than to megawatts would be evaluated. Geologic minimal adverse environmental impacts. make the judgments. investigation and topographic mapping A reregulating pool is needed on the This is just as true for Members of would be required to determine site con­ South Fork of the Flathead River down­ Congress as it is for members of the ditions for the new powerplant and stream from Hungry Horse Dam under executive branch. March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6757 the legislation to establish a new ethics tained highly classltled and sensitive docu­ A Congressman has to vote "yes'' or ments, as his own property. By storing a set "no" on numerous complicated issues. He code for the House which was over­ at the Rand Corporation he was following in does not get to vote "maybe,. or "yes, whelmingly adopted last week. the footsteps of Theodore Sorensen whose but" or "no. with some reservations." The code sharply limits the outside similar attitudes towards classified docu­ The electronic voting machine records earnings of representatives, bans unoffi­ ments resulted in the clear lack of confidence only "yeas" and ''nays.'' cial office accounts-the so-called slush shown to him by the Senate. It has been reported that I voted in funds-and restricts congressional free While Americans are divided on the Warnke favor of adjourning the House on Febru­ mailing privileges during campaigns. nomination, our enemies are not. Warnke has It seems to me that such pooitive ac·· been strongly supported by Soviet, East Eu­ ary 17. That is eorrec~it is matter of ropean and American communist party prop­ public record. tions are worth a thousand symbolic agandist. It does not seem sensible to send What is absolutely false is the con­ votes. as a negotiator one who is so warmly re­ tention that this was a vote in favor of garded by your adversary. the congressional pay raise. IS WARNKE SOFT OR JUST LARRY P. MCDONALD, There was no House vote on the sal­ FLEXIBLE? Member of Congress. ary package. Unlike the Senate--which voted in favor of the raises, inciden­ tally-the House rules greatly limit the HON. RICHARD H. ICHORD WOLVES CAN BREATHE EASIER­ Members' freedom of action on the floor. OF MISSOURI And the parliamentary situation was FOR NOW such that no vote on the pay raise was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possible in the House. Tuesday, March 8, 1977 HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST Had there been such a vote, I would Mr. ICHORD. Mr. Speaker, on Sun­ OF VIRGINIA have voted against the increases. In day, March 6, 1977, the Sunday Star ran IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the opinion of most observers, a majority a lead editorial entitled: "Moonshine on of the House would have done likewise. Mr. Warnke." This editorial was a shal­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 But there was no vote. low analysis of a letter Congressman Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, the Some Members, including most of LARRY McDoNALD of Georgia had signed Wednesday, March 2, 1977, edition of those on the minority side who were try­ citing some reasons for opposing the the Kansas City Times contained an edi­ ing to make this a partisan issue, tried nomination of Mr. Warnke. The editorial torial which I would like to share with to turn the routine vote on adjourning really did not answer the main criticisms my colleagues, since it relates directly to for the weekend into a symbolic vote on directed at Mr. Warnke. Congressman the provisions of, and the. need for, my the pay raise issue. McDoNALD responded with a letter to the bill H.R. 2884. This bill would extend the For as long as I have been in public editor, which appears today in the "reprieve,. which the recent court deci­ oftice, I have taken the position that I Washington Star. His letter, in my view, sion has given the wolf in Alaska, and I am not going to play games with my answers the Star editorial in a very ef­ hope that my colleagues will see fit to votes. I did not cast phony "symbolic" fective manner. For those who might give it their support. votes in Harrisburg and I am not going have been misled by the Star editorial The article follows: to do that now that I am in Washington. of last Sunday, I commend his letter to WOLVES CAN BREATHE EASlER To me a vote to adjourn is a vote to the attention of my colleagues: adjourn-nothing more and nothing The Alaskan wolf has won a reprieve, at Is WARNKE SoFT OR JUST FLEXmLE? least temporarily, in federal court. This may less. Your editorial in support of the nomina­ not save the species from eventual extinction, As I read the angry letters about the tion of Paul Warnke to be head of the DiS­ but it surely buys the time that is necessary pay raise that I have received in my of­ armament Agency and U.S. negotiator at the for the Department of the Interior to work fice, it is obvious to me that I could have SALT talks ("Moonshine on Mr. Warnke," out a co-ordinated wildlife policy on federal saved myself some aggravation by vot­ March 6) became so involved in Irrelevancies lands. This has not been done in the past. ing against adjournment. But I do not that you missed the main arguments against The issue was joined when the state of think I was sent to Washington to play his confirmation. Alaska refused to delay its projected wolf silly games. Warnke certainly understands that hiS kill, which was designed to bring the y.rolves There was not going to be a vote on long history of opposition to American de­ and the m.agnlflcent caribou, the Alaskan fensive weapon systems is his Achilles heel. reindeer, into balance. Conservationists have the pay raise. I knew it and so did those This explains why he used the altered quota­ never believed the wolf was to blame. The Members who voted against adjourn­ tion in answer to Sen. Jackson's questions once-vast herds of caribou were thinned ment. The proof of the matter is that when he was before the Senate Armed Serv­ dangerously by the irrational hunting laws minutes after the adjournment resolu­ ices Committee. Warnke continues to be a that prevailed. tion was voted down the House did ad­ member of the board of advisors of the Cen­ Under extreme pressure, Alaska has lim­ journ-by unanimous consent. ter for Defense Information, an active lobby ited the caribou harvest this year to 3,000 I am still waiting to see stories in the against American defensive armaments. to permit the diminishing herd to recover press complaining about those Membe!'s The point that you missed concerning from past excesses. Previously there had been no limit on the number of reindeer that who voted against adjournment but then Warnke's service as an agent for the pro­ terrorist government of Algeria was the pos­ could be bagged each year, nor on the age or agreed to the unanimous consent motion. sibUlty of confiict of interest. As I pointed the sex of the animals that were claimed. The Rather than casting phony votes, :r out last week in my statement to the Senate indiscriminate hunting continued on a year­ have been trying to take positive action Armed Services Committee: round basis, with no closed seasons. on the pay raise issue and related On March 26, 1975, Warnke registered with It is little wonder the herd was decimated, matters. the Justice Department as an agent of the but instead of naming man as the culprit, I have introduced legislation which Algerian government. On Oct. 6, 1976, Warnke which he obviously was, Alaskan officials would prevent the 2,500 top Federal ofti­ appeared as a voluntary witness before the found it more convenient to place the blame Senate Foreign Relations Committee in op­ on the wolf. cials who benefited from the recent pay position to American commitments to This irrational policy has enraged conser­ hike from receiving an additional cost­ achieve an Egyptian-Israeli disengagement vationists in the 48 contiguous states. Per­ of-living increase this fall. in the Sinai. As this disengagement was of haps the most outspoken of the opponents Members of Congress were not the great value to the government of Egypt, and has been Dr. John Grandy, the executive only ones who received a raise. All the to a peaceful settlement, it was opposed by vice-president of the Defenders of Wildlife. top officials of the Federal Government the more extreme elements in the Middle That group, along with other leading out­ from the Vice President on down were East, including the Algerians. While testify­ door organizations, took the matter to court. included in the same package. Since ing, Warnke never mentioned that he was Among his many strong and telling com­ a paid agent of the Algerian government. ments, these two statements by Dr. Grandy their salaries are reviewed by a special Before he is confirmed by the Senate, he emphasize the views of the opposition: "The presidential commission every 4 years, I should be fully questioned about this pos­ wolf is being used as a scapegoat to pay for think it is highly improper for them to sible conflict of interest. the state's (Alaska) failure to practice eco­ receive annual cost-of-living increases, You also missed the major point concern­ logically sound wildlife management tn the too. ing Warnke's role in the Pentagon Papers past." And "we believe this is outrageous Second, as a member of the Committee Case. Again, as my testimony retlects, Warnke treatment of public wildlife on public lands." on House Administration, I worked on had treated the Pentagon Papers, which con- Certainly the final decision on the fate o! 6758 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 the wolves should be made by the American Employment levels for VA are proje.cted at the commitment and the sacrifices of all people, not the Alaskans acting on their own. 215,732, an increase over last year's level of those who have served shall never be for­ The federal court order means the Depart­ 3,353, of which 3,488 are for medical care. gotten. ment of the Interior, representing the public, We commend this increase in the medical VETERANS' ADMINISTRATION MEDICAL CARE will now be able to study the problem care­ care allocation, but we also draw attention to PROGRAM fully and come up with a balanced and prac­ a projected decrease in employees totalling It is not possible to submit to this Com­ tical solution. The Defenders of Wildlife, and 571 for Veterans Services and for Compen­ the other organizations that joined as plain­ mittee, a statement of this kind, without sation, Pension and Education. Based on making a special reference to the VA medi­ tiffs, are prepared, on behalf of the nation, continuing work loads, as we understand to settle for nothing less. cal care program. The American Legion is them, we question whether an employee de­ pleased that the proposed Budget includes crease at this time wlll continue to guarantee necessary increases in fund allocations for prompt and efficient service to veterans in this program. We continue to believe that these important areas of activity. Our initial the VA medical care program is the finest reaction to this proposed reduction is that single health care delivery system function­ AMERICAN LEGION LEGISLATIVE employee decreases be deferred pending ex­ ing in the world today. It represents a na­ PRIORITIES perience, especially in the education program tional commitment to the welfare of Ameri­ during Fiscal Year 1978. can veterans that represents better than We are pleased with the projected increase anything else could, the value the American HON. RAY ROBERTS in the requested appropriation for medical people place on the services o! those who OF TEXAS care. We are especially mindful of the in­ have been members o! the Armed Forces. crease of $27.6 million in construction funds. The triad of treatment, teaching and re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In our judgment, it is critical to the future search that comprise the principal elements Tuesday, March 8, 1977 of the veterans medical care program that of the VA medical care program, together the renovation and replacement of aging and form a medical care system that offers to Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Speaker, the outdated fac111ties, within the VA system, go veterans the best possible hope !or health American Legion held its Annual Mid­ forward steadily. Construction funds for two care as and when they need it. The primary Winter Conference in Washington, D.C. hospitals are included in the new Budget, and responsibility of the VA system continues to February 20-23, 1977. The Honorable plans are underway for the replacement of be the care of those who have been injured William J. Rogers of Kennebunk, Maine, 6 additional hospitals, as well as continuing or disabled as a result of their service. Today a veteran of World Warn, serves as the improvements in existing fac111ties. We trust that responsibility is being met. And its ad­ that Congress will view these plans favorably. junct is first class medical care for all those National Commander of this great or­ They have the full support of The American who, by reason of health needs, or their ganization. Over the years Commander Legion. economic condition, have to look to the VA Rogers has held several offices within The proposed Budget includes a number of for assistance. the American Legion at the national legislative proposals put forth by the out­ We believe that Congress views the im­ state and local levels. In August, 1976 at going Administration. We will comment on portance of this incomparable health care the National Convention of the Ameri­ three of them. program as an irrevocable commitment to can Legion in Seattle, Washington, Bill The Budget includes again, a proposal for the nation's veterans. Its maintenance at Rogers was elected National Commander. the elimination with what is termed "du­ its present level of excellence requires con­ In addition to his work on behalf of the plicate burial benefits." The use of this ter­ stant attention, and provision of adequate veterans of this country, he also has an minology is a distortion. The burial benefits funding. We look to Congress to provide the provided for veterans, are a gratuity, in­ oversight and the funding, and to this end intense interest in the welfare of the we pledge our full support. entire youth and adult population of tended to insure that every veteran will be Maine and in this respect is involved in buried with dignity and respect. This is an PENSION REFORM honor surely due to those who have defended With reference to major legislative mat­ numerous civic affairs in Maine. The the Nation in its Armed Forces. The Social ters requiring attention within the veterans State of Maine has good reason to be Security death benefit, is an earned benefit, benefits program during Fiscal Year 1978, we proud of Bill Rogers. paid for by every citizen who pays Social believe the most important is the need for On February 22, 1977 Commander Security taxes. It is wrong to refer to these as a reform of the veterans death and disability Rogers, accompanied by other national "duplicate benefits," and we hope that Con­ pension program. We take this opportunity officers and the Washington legislative gress wm not look with favor on a proposal to again point out that the present pro­ staff of the American Legion, as well as o! this kind. gram is not adequate to the needs of those a large number of his fellow Legion­ The outgoing Administration also proposed it is designed to serve. These are mainly a return from 10 to 8 years in the period of those who have become permanently and naires, appeared before the House Vet­ eligibility for the education program. The totally disabled by reason of illness o! age, erans' Affairs Committee to present the 10-year period was provided by Public Law and the dependent survivors of those who legislative recommendations of the 93-337, which The American Legion sup­ have died. American Legion. I would like to share ported. We see no reason whatever to regress For several years past, we have petitioned with my colleagues the statement of from the present de11miting period for this Congress for legislative reform of this pro­ Commander Rogers which reflects the benefit. The 10-year period now provided is gram to make it responsive to the needs o! concern that he and his organization fair and reasonable, and eligible veterans eligible beneficiaries. That reform has not have for this Nation's veterans and their should be able to complete their education yet been accomplished, and I can tell you, within that period of time. We hope that that the greatest volume of correspondence dependents. Congress will not entertain legislative pro­ received at our Headquarters is from older The statement follows: posals along these lines, and that the new veterans, and from widows who, in increas­ STATEMENT OF WILLIAM J. ROGERS Administration will not pursue such legisla­ ing numbers find themselves in desperate Mr. Chairman and Members of the Com­ tive goals. financial need, with no hope of relief from mittee: The American Legion is most grate­ The Budget also includes a legislative pro­ any of the Federal programs that are in­ ful for this opportunity given me, as its posal to authorize an amount of $3.750 mil­ tended to help them, including the veterans National Commander, to present to the lion, to enable the Federal Government to pension program. Committee, matters relating to veterans af­ share with the States the cost of establishing The pension legislation that we are pro­ fairs, that we believe will come to the at­ and maintaining State veterans• cemeteries. posing again this year, includes the follow­ tention of Congress during the present ses­ This is a proposal The American Legion sup­ ing elements that would: sion. With the Committee's permission, I ports. The need for veterans' cemeteries ex­ 1) assure a level of income above the na­ shall proceed to the matters of substance. ceeds the ability of the Federal Government tional measure of poverty; VETERANS ADMINISTRATION FISCAL YEAR 1978 to meet it entirely. So far, three States have 2) prevent veterans and widows from BUDGET commenced a program along these lines, and having to turn to welfare agencies for fi­ Prior to completing his term of office, we hope other States will follow suit. The nancial assistance; President Ford, in accordance with existing goal is to provide a suitable place of honor 3) treat similarly circumstanced pension­ law, submitted to Congress his proposed for the interment of the Nation's veterans. ers equally; Budget for Fiscal Year 1978. As of this writ­ National cemeteries, and State veterans' 4) provide the greatest pension for those ing, President Carter has yet to send to cemeteries can be the focal point for pa­ with the greatest need; and Congress any Budget modifications he may 5) guarantee regular increases in pension triotic commemoration by succeeding gen­ which fully account for increases in the cost intend to recommend. erations of Americans of those who have The American Legion is in the process of o! living. studying the Budget proposals for the Veter­ defended the Nation in time of war and I do not believe it is necessary for me ans Administration. Appropriation requests armed conflict. This country is built upon to expand on these goals in this statement. for Fiscal Year 1978, total $18.414 billion. We the sacrifices of those, who, since the time When this Committee is ready to consider can offer several observations at this point of the American Revolution, have responded the legislation we are proposing to achieve and subject to future Budget modifications to the call to arms, to defend it against its the goals, we will be prepared to support suggested by the new Administration. enemies. It is important to our heritage that them at length. March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6759 The ultimate goal, however, that we ask entitled under a national health insurance out and coordinate veterans employment the Committee to keep before it, is that all program. matters, with a Veterans' Employment Service of the nation's veterans, and their depend­ The objective of these legislative requests as a separate agency within the Department ents and survivors shall be afforded the op­ is to insure that veterans will be able to con­ of Labor. portunity to finish their lives in dignity, and tinue to exercise the option to choose VA Among other objectives we seek, to improve reasonable comfort, without having to de­ medical care, in a system that is designed and the veterans unemployment rate, is a recom­ pend upon the mercies of the public welfare. maintained for them and ls responsive to mendation that priority employment service We believe this is what the American people their particular needs. for veterans provided in state employment want for their veterans, and It Is thus the We earnestly hope for the support of all of offices, be limited to wartime veterans only. responsibility of Congress to provide it. the Members of this Committee for the inclu­ This is because the veterans of the Vietnam DISABU.ITY COMPENSATION AND DEPENDENCY sion of these protective provisions in a na­ era specifically are having the hardest time AND INDEMNITY COMPENSUION tional health insurance program. in the job market. Compared with earlier training programs The continuing responsibllity of Congress NATIONAL CEMETERY SYSTEM under the Manpower Development and Train­ to look to the needs of those who have been One of the significant Congressional ing Act of 1972, veterans have been faring injured and disabled in service, and of the achievements in the postwar period, has been badly in programs under the Comprehensive survivors of those who have died in, or as a the establishment of the National Cemetery Employment and Training Act (CETA). We result of service, must constantly be kept in System within the Veterans Administration. urge corrective legislation to provide that 35 view. Historically, Congress has been responsive This is a legislative goal of The American percent of all new public service Jobs and to these needs, and it is our sincere belief Legion that has been substantially achieved, training slots be filled by veterans. And since with resulting benefits to veterans. A great efforts have been unsuccessful to have the that Congress should be commended for its Department of Labor either define veterans concern for these most deserving classes of proportion of veterans entertain a desire to beneficiaries. find their final rest in a place of honor, in organizations as "community based organi­ The 94th Congress made necessary adjust­ company with their comrades in ariDS. The zations," and, therefore, eligible for mem­ ments in compensation and dependency and establishment of the National Cemetery Sys­ bership on CETA planning councils, or listed indemnity compensation rates in response to tem, and its present expansion and develop­ separately as organizations to be included, we inflationary pressures. The point is, however, ment does much to make the fulfillment of seek legislation to amend CETA to insure that those inflationary pressures continue, this desire achievable. that veteran organizations wlll have a voice and the disabled veterans and survivors have at the local level on employment and train­ The four new national cemeteries that are ing programs that are federally financed. nowhere else to look but to Ccngress, to pro­ now being established, and the additional tect them economically from the conse­ ones that are projected will relleve a grow­ Essentially, it must be said, that positive quences of the inflation that persists in our ing need, in a nation that now has nearly 30 action is necessary, now from Congress and national economy. Inilllon veterans, whose ages span the Twen­ the Executive Branch, to achieve an immed­ It Is our request that this Committee shall, tieth Century. We recommend to Congress, iate impact on the excessively high unem­ in due course, review the compensation and consideration of an additional cemetery, as ployment rate among veterans, and particu­ DIC tables, in relation to the economic in­ soon as possible, in the Midwest, possibly in larly among Vietnam era veterans. dexes, and propose necessary adjustments. the Michigan, Indiana, Ohio region. We con­ JUDICIAL REVIEW OF DECISIONS OF THE ADMINIS­ The American Legion wlll support this Com­ tinue to receive requests for consideration TRATOR OF VETERANS AFFAmS mittee effort, and we rely on the full Con­ of national cemeteries through American Le­ Measures have been introduced to amend gress to enact needed legislation when it is gion organizations in other parts of the coun­ title 38, United States Code, to provide for developed by the Committee. try, and as the need for them becomes ap­ the judicial review of the administrative de­ NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE parent, we shall submit further recommenda­ cisions of the Administrator of Veterans The American Legion continues to observe tions. Affairs. with close attention the national debate on Additionally, as mentioned earlier in this Except as to suits arising from contracts of national health insurance. The legislative statement, joint funding of state veterans' government life insurance and matters aris­ vehicle to provide such insurance will not be cemeteries will help to alleviate the need ing under the veterans home loan provisions, the responsib111ty of this Committee. The for more cemetery space for the nation's section 211 (a) of title 38 of such code pro­ Members, however, wlll participate In the veterans. vides that the decisions of the Administrator Congressional decisions on whether there on any question of law or fact under any shall be a national health insurance pro­ JOBS FO'R VETEaANS law administered by the Veterans' Adminis­ gram, and what form it will take. It is important for me, before concluding tration providing benefits for veterans and We are mindful that the new Administra­ this statement, to address the continuing their dependents or survivors shall be final tion is committed to a national health in­ problem of Jobs for Veterans. No returning and conclusive, and no other official or any surance program, and we anticipate that leg­ serviceman is truly rehabilitated until he court of the United States shall have power islation to achieve it will be proposed to this has achieved a satisfactory position in the or jurisdiction to review any such decision Congress, either during the present session, economic structure of the nation-that is, by an action in the nature of mandamus or or the next. until he is gainfully and steadily employed. otherwise. The basic decision as t,o whether the The unemployment rate among veterans Section (b) adds that the Administrator American people shall now have national continues to be distressingly high. In Janu­ may require the opinion of the Attorney health insurance is not the business of The ary, with a national unemployment rate of General on any question of law arising in American Legion. The impact of such a pro­ 7.9 percent, the rate was 8.6 percent for young the administraion of the Veterans Adminis­ gram on the VA medical care system for vet­ male veterans in the 2~34 age group, whtch erans, is however, very much the business of tration. includes most of the veterans of the Viet­ Judicial review of the Adm1nistra tor's de­ our organization. Through special commit­ nam Era. In the youngest veterans group, tees we have studied this matter for a period cisions has been the subject of Congressional those between 2~24, the unemployment rate of several years. It is our conclusion that consideration in the past, and properly so, as there will, in fact, be a measurable effect by was 18.3 percent, compared to 12.5 percent the ultimate decision is a question of pollcy national health insurance on the VA system. for nonveterans of the same age. The dis­ to be resolved by the Congress. The argu­ Our goal is that such effect shall not be ad­ a"led and black unemployed veterans are ments in favor of such legislation generally verse to the best interests of veterans. hardest hlt. arise from a feeling that a veteran or his To insure the achievement of this goal, we We are pleased to note that the new Admin­ dependent, dissatisfied with the administra­ shall, at the proper time and place, submit istration has announced that the plight of tive determination, should have available re­ to Congress, certain recommendations, for these unemployed veterans is one of its high­ course to judicial consideration of the claim. which we solicit the supper'' of the Members est priorities. We await positive action to The fact that the Congress has consistently of this Committee. alleviate their problem. barred all Judicial review of the decisions of the Administrator in other than contract­ Briefly, it wlll be our request that legisla­ It must be said that in our judgment, the Department of Labor, to this point, has not ual matters since 1924, demonstrates its tion to effect national health insurance shall views that the considerations in opposition include among its basic provisions: measured up to its responsibilities with refer­ ence to unemployment among veterans. It has thereto, are more compelling. As recently as 1) recognition of the VA medical care pro­ failed to implement remedial legislation, un­ 1970, in view of the increased judicial en­ gram as a Federal deliverer of health services croachment upon the finality of these deci­ exclusively for the nation's veterans; til prodded to do so by concerned Members of Congress and veterans' organizations. The sions, the Congress firmly and unequivocally 2) that the VA system, as it is now consti­ latest legislation intended to help unem­ reaffirmed its intent that the Administra­ tuted in the VA Department of Medicine ployed veterans, Public Law 94-502, created tor's decisions be final when it added to sec­ and Surgery, shall continue to be so main­ the position of Deputy Assistant Secretary of tion 211 (a) the concluding words "by an ac­ tained; and Labor for Veterans Employment. In view of tion in the nature of mandamus or other­ 3) that a veteran who exercises his option the unsatisfactory record of the Department wise." to seek needed medical care from the VA, of Labor 1n fulfilling legislative mandates, Based on our many years of presenting ap­ shall not be required, on any statement of the American Legion still advocates the es­ pellate issues to boards of original Jurisdic­ inability to pay, to include therein, 90nsid­ tablishment of a full Assistant Secretary of tion in VA regional offices, to the Chief Ben­ eratlon of any benefits to which he may be Labor, with the authority to effectively carry efits Director and the Chief Medical Director 6760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 for administrative review of lower decisions, the Soviets acknowledge "the full imple­ committee will receive the Civil Aero­ and to the Board of Veterans Appeals for ap­ mentation of the basket III provisions of nautics Board's response to recommen­ pellate review, it is the opinion of The dations outlined in last Congress report American Legion that the Veterans Adminis­ the final act of the European Security tration is guided by a sincere desire to serve and Cooperation ~nference in Hel­ on the CAB and small business. the best interest of veterans. sinki." I am confident that my colleagues Anyone interested in testifying on any If The American Legion was convinced in the House recognize this and share of the areas outlined should contact that an advantage to veterans or their bene­ my concern. Linda Parker at (202) 225-9368. ficiaries or survivors could be derived from In addition to myself, members of the a judicial review of the Administrator's de­ subcommittee are Representative IKE cisions, we would recommend or support such SKELTON, Democrat of Missouri, Repre­ legislation. But we are not convinced and we do not A LIST OF ISSUES APPROVED AT sentative RICHARD NOLAN, Democrat of believe that there would be any net advan­ MEETING Minnesota, Representative ANDY IRE­ tage to veterans or their dependents or sur­ LAND, Democrat of Florida, Representa­ vivors as a class if judicial review of the tive DALE E. KILDEE, Democrat of Michi­ Administrator's decisions was authorized. HON. MARTY RUSSO gan, Representative JAMES C. CORMAN, There are a number of other matters of im­ OF ILLINOIS Democrat of California, Representative portance to veterans that should engage the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD, Republican of attention of Congress this year. The Ameri­ Michigan, Representative MILLICENT can Legion awaits opportunity to present Tuesday, March 8, 1977 them. In this statement I have confined my­ FENWICK, Republican of New Jersey, and self to those that are at or near the top of Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, I would like Representative DAN MARRIOTT, Republi­ our priority list of goals. to insert in the RECORD a list of the is­ can of Utah. The American Legion continues to rely sues the Subcommittee on Special Small Professional staff of the subcommittee upon Congress, as it has through the years, to Business Problems of the House Com­ are Stephen P. Lynch at <202) 225- respond to the needs of the veterans, as it mittee on Small Business approved at 9368-majority, and Marvin W. Topping becomes aware of them. The bond between Congress and the nation's veterans, extends the subcommittee's organizational meet­ at <202) 225-4038-minority. throughout our history, and the responsive­ ing on Thursday, March 3. ness of Congress has resulted in the most CRIME AND ITS IMPACT ON SMALL comprehensive program of veterans benefits BUSINESS AMERICA HAS BEEN BLESSED BY that any nation has provided to its war vet­ The subcommittee will hold a series of erans. For that fact The American Legion is GOD most grateful, and we look forward to a con­ hearings on the impact of the Nation's tinuing dialogue with the new Congress, in growing crime wave on small business. the interest of all veterans. The growth in national crime indicators HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE Once again, we thank the Members of the becomes more dramatic with each pass­ OF GEORGIA committee for this opportunity. ing year. Latest statistics show a 16-per­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES cent increase in shoplifting, an 18-per­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 cent rise in thefts over a $50 value, a 9- percent rise in daylight robberies. Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, Mr. Smaller businesses now are forced to op­ Ted Shiflett of Rome, Ga., has written LITHUANIA erate in almost nightmarish circum­ a poem, "America Has Been Blessed by stances. The subcommittee, as a result, God," in honor of President Jimmy Car­ HON. JAMES A. BURKE will ask all segments of the small busi­ ter, and I ask unanimous consent that it OF MASSACHUSETTS ness community to testify and will also be printed in the Extensions of Remarks. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES call upon all the appropriate Govern­ There being no objection, the poem ment agencies and departments in an was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Tuesday, March 8, 1977 attempt to find out the economic impact as follows: Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. of this problem and to propose some "AMERICA HAS BEEN BLESSED BY GOD" Speaker, the State of Lithuania became remedies to help stem the tide. (By Ted Shiflett) a free republic by a proclamation of the COMMUNICATIONS ISSUES AFFECTING SMALL (Dedicated in honor of a fellow Georgian­ Lithuanian National Council on Febru­ BUSINESS President Jimmy Carter) ary 16, 1918. Until June 1940, Lithuania The subcommittee has the Federal America has been blessed by God with peace, experienced privileges of an independent Communications Commission under its brotherhood and tranquillity, nation. On that date, however, the So­ investigative jurisdiction. Several issues Like no other nation in the history of man­ viet Union subjugated the peoples of involving communications and small kind. Lithuania and the sovereign state ceased business have been brought to the sub­ While other nations have in years past to exist. committee's attention. At the organiza­ crumpled into oblivion; America has Under Soviet domination, Lithuania endured! tional meeting, the members decided America has been blessed by God. has been exposed to brutality and injus­ that two areas of inquiry would serve as tice; which is manifested in the violation a beginning in this field. Other issues America has been blessed by God. of the treaties signed by the Soviet Union will be examined as they come to the at­ Her enemies have been many, but have fal­ with the Lithuanian Government in the len in defeat. tention of the subcommittee. The two Although she has fought many wars, she has years 1920 and 1926. Fifty years ago areas decided upon were: been the greatest lover of peace the Lithuania held certain rights; rights that The Effect of the Motion Picture Associa­ world has ever known. were deeply cherished. Today, these tion's Self-Regulation Code Upon Small In­ America has been blessed by God. rights fail to exist for these people. The dependent Movie Producers, and America has been blessed by God. usurpation of the State of Lithuania by The Effect of Cable Television and Other She has a flag of red, white and blue. the Soviet Union should not be condoned Problems Upon the Nation's Motion Picture The red stands for her blood that has flowed by any of the free nations of the world. Theaters. all over the world in the past two­ On the contrary, in the interest of REGULATORY PROBLEMS OF THE INDEPENDENT hundred years; democracy, the Soviet Union should be OWNER-OPERATOR IN THE NATION'S TRUCK­ The white for her righteousness which has condemned for the injustice that it is ING INDUSTRY cleansed all of mankind; causing the Lithuanians. The subcommittee agreed to complete The blue for her healing of the wounds of war, slavery, poverty and all evil. Being a democratic nation, the United hearings on this subject begun in the America has been blessed by God. States is able to relate to the feelings last Congress. Field hearings at as yet held by these people. The democratic undetermined sites will be held in the America has been blessed by God. rights, that all free nations share, are West, Midwest, and South. Later this You can tell by her mountains, her valleys, too sacred to be withheld from other na­ week the subcommittee will release a her woodlands, her churches, her tions of want. In order to restore these farms, her freedom, her justice staff report summarizing the issues Which has made our land the greatest na­ rights to the people of Lithuania, it is raised during the 94th Congress hearing. tion the world has ever known. mandatory that the U.S. representatives Due to our investigative jurisdiction America has been blessed by God. to the Belgrade Conference insist that over domestic transportation, the sub- I'm glad I'm an American. March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6761 KENNETH A. LANE Genesee County Cerebral Palsy As­ these agencies. "The legislation meets sociation, board of directors, 1961-65. this concern by establishing a board of Genesee County Human Services hearings and appeals within the Depart­ HON. DALE E. KILDEE Council, board member, 1971. ment which is free from the control of OF MICHIGAN Human Services Planning Council, the Secretary of Energy." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES board member, 1972. Third, with the ongoing controversy about accurate information on our Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Manpower Area Planning Council, board member, 1973. energy resources, the administration's Mr. Kn.DEE. Mr. Speaker, it is a Recognition for his achievements was legislation consolidates the major data privilege and an honor for me to place accorded to him in 1974, his name and programs of the various agencies into in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a tribute achievements were recited in "Who's Who an Energy Information Administration to Mr. Kenneth A. Lane. Mr. Lane, hav­ in Michigan." within the new Department. ing faithfully served his community in His accomplishments in the field of Mr. Speaker, I hope the Congress will the field of education for 28 years, re­ athletics in high school and college are make the administration's proposal a top tired from employment with the Michi­ certainly not the least of his achieve­ priority, for the establishment of an ef­ gan Department of Education on Feb­ ments. He was nominated and elected to fective energy policy assumes a system of ruary 26, 1977. He completed a career the All Eastern Michigan University streamlined administration for energy. of outstanding service to the handi­ football team for the 1930-40 era, and capped citizens of Michigan, having was nominated a candidate for tackle served as a rehabilitation counselor, dis­ position on the All-American Little Col­ TRANSFER AMENDMENT-''BRAINS trict officer supervisor, and regional su­ lege Conference in 1938. pervisor of vocational rehabilitation Professionally, he has served as either VERSUS BULLETS" services. chairman or cochairman of a number of Mr. Lane and his wife, Virginia, have rehabilitation projects. In 1973, he was HON. PARREN J. MITCHELL three married children: two sons and cochairman of TRIPOD-toward reha­ OF MARYLAND one daughter. They are also proud of bilitation involvement by parents of the their five grandchildren. Ken's educa­ deaf-a five-State regional conference IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion includes graduation from Flint held in Columbus, Ohio. He was named Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Central High School in 1934, gradua­ Outstanding State Employee in 1957. He Mr. MITCHELL of Maryland. Mr. tion from Eastern Michigan University received an Outstanding Service Citation Speaker, as a member of the Budget in 1939 with a bachelor of science de­ from the Governor's Commission on Em­ Committee, I am preparing a transfer gree, and graduation from the Univer­ ployment of the Handicapped in 1964, amendment for consideration on the sity of Michigan in 1948 with a master's and received a citation from the Presi­ floor of the House of Representatives. of art degree in vocational guidance. dent's Committee on Employment of the The amendment would transfer $15 bil­ He has participated in numerous in­ Physically Handicapped in 1965. lion from the defense function of the service workshops in the field of reha­ Ken Lane has faced numerous chal­ 1978 budget resolution to programs that bilitation, and :1d.S attended many super­ lenges in meeting the great demands for create employment, revitalize the cities, visory and management seminars. Ken rehabilitation service as both a district build rural and urban housing, assist in was promoted to the position of district and regional supervisor and has per­ providing education for the masses, in­ supervisor of the Flint office in 1958 and formed them beyond expectation. vestigate startup for national health in­ then was advanced to regional supervi­ It is with pride that this well-deserved surance, and assist older and retired citi­ sor in 1964. His regional responsibilities commemoration of Kenneth Lane's con­ zens. The amendment will earmark a new included supervision of eight district of­ tributions to the people of Michigan is epoch in America. An epoch identified fices serving a nine-country geographi­ recognized. with brains rather than bullets; peace cal area. as opposed to hostility; and trust con­ Before joining the Flint office staff in trary to apprehension. 1949 as a vocational rehabilitation coun­ PRESIDENT CARTER'S DEPART­ Not since the Johnson administration selor, Mr. Lane was a supervisor of MENT OF ENERGY promised a "Great Society and victory 1n training facUlties for the Veteran's Ad­ Vietnam" has the guns versus butter di­ ministration in the Flint area. He spent HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON lemma so dominated the American 3 years in the Armed Forces during economy. As the United States enters its World War n. and was an industrial OF CALIFORNIA third year of economic stagnation, con­ arts instructor and coach at Longfellow IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gressional debate on the Federal budget Junior High School in Flint for several Tuesday, March 8, 1977 has become a battleground. The demands years. Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. of the poor and unemployed are pitted Ken has also been active in many Speaker, I want to congratulate the ad­ against the "scare" tactics of the Penta­ civic activities and has served on the ministration on their proposal to reor­ gon in a fierce competition over scarce board of a number of State and local ganize the Federal Government's energy Federal funds. organizations. His affiliations-frater­ But where previous efforts to control nal. civic, and professional, have in­ affairs. military spending have failed, a new cluded the following: Our goal of energy independence de­ pends on an effective coordination of un­ strategy is emerging which holds out Kappa Phi Alpha Fraternity-vice greater hope for the future. president, 1936. related, but interdependent energy func­ tions of our Government. To this end, Congress has a new budget process Eastern Michigan University Men's the President has proposed that the Fed­ which requires that spending priorities Union-board of directors, 1936-39. eral Energy Administration, Energy Re­ be set early in the year before any money Boy Scouts of America-board chair­ search and Development Administration is appropriated. This process can be a man, 1939-43. powerful level for whichever point of American Legion, member, 1945. and the Federal Power Commission be consolidated into the Department of view is best organized to use it. LaSociete 40 & 8 Voiture 1116, member, This spring Americans will have an 1947. Energy. This department also would as­ sume the energy-related responsibilities opportunity to reduce military spending Michigan Rehabilitation Association, dramatically and transfer the savings to board of directors, first vice president, from six other Federal departments and agencies. programs aimed at economic recovery 1950 to present as a life member. Second, the administration's plan pro­ and meeting human needs. Broad public National Rehabilitation Association, vides for an improvement in the regula- support for the transfer resolution con­ board of directors, 1950 to present as a tory machinery that has infuriated and tained inside is essential for this strat- life member. frustrated many citizens in the past. In egy to succeed. Goodwill Industries, board member, my own area of southern California, the THE ECONOl\llJ:C NEED FOR REDUCED MJ:LJ:TARY 1955-64. independent refiners and producers have SPENDJ:NG Flint Council Social Agencies, board bitterly complained about the regulatory The Pentagon would have us believe member, 1958-68. powers, and regulations coming from that the size of the U.S. military budget 6762 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 sends an important signal to foreign Such restraint would mean keeping on outside assistance than internal leaders across the globe. That may well military outlays to approximately $107 support. be. But a much larger group of people billion in fiscal year 1978. Can President America's pledge to fight "no more land also get the message: The 25 million Carter "hold the line'' with the Pentagon wars in Asia" can be fulfilled finally by Americans living in poverty; the 8 mil­ asking for between $115 and $120 billion? the demobilization of most U.S. troops lion unemployed; the young receiving an If President Carter drops his commit­ in the area. Such a disengagement inadequate education and the old with­ ment to a balanced budget, he postpones should occur while fully guaranteeing out a meaningful role in society; not to some diffi.cult choices; but he risks higher the security of Japan-the one definitive mention the millions in the Third World inflation and damages his credibility U.S. interest in the area. who starve while U.S. agriculture could with important sections of Congress and Second. We can end covert CIA inter­ do more to help. Each of these groups the American people. ference in the affairs of other countries. know from bitter experience that the President Carter's own inclinations are Recent exposures of past and present U.S. Government has not honored its clear. CIA covert operations have made the often-repeated commitments to meet He said: CIA the best example of what the Amer­ their needs in times of crisis. And they There will be no programs implemented ican people do not like about U.S. for­ know the military budget is pushing under my a.dminlstra tion unless we can be eign policy. Americans simply do not them to the back of the line. sure that the cost ... is compatible with my support their Government interfering in The new administration, while prom­ goal of having a balanced budget before the elections, assassinating political leaders ising economic recovery, has made a end of that term. or sabotaging economies overseas. The clear commitment to slow down the disbanding of the CIA's operations di­ growth of Federal spending so as to President Carter's path through these diffi.cult choices will be determined, at vision would be like extending a hand of allow revenues to catch up and produce friendship to many nations hostile and a balanced budget. least partly, by coordinated pressure from the American people. For President embittered by past covert intervention. "Fiscal conservatism" as this approach Carter to respond to a message that most Third. We can deny U.S. sanction for is called will harm those already suffer­ Americans want a balanced budget and torture and terror by strictly applying ing from the recession unless restraint existing laws barring military aid or on spending applies to the Pentagon as needed expanded social services and eco­ nomic recovery, he will have to reduce sales to countries violating fundamental well. If it does not, the burden of reduced military spending. He will be encouraged human rights. In so doing, we cut Amer­ Federal spending will fall on domestic to take this diffi.cult step by popular sup­ ica free from the "entangling alliances" programs and penalize those least able to with right-wing dictators which have so protect themselves. port for foreign policy reforms which allow reductions in the military budget, isolated the United States in the world Some would stand this argument on its as well as by the economic crisis. community. head and claim that programs meeting Fourth. We can improve United human needs are squeezing the Penta­ Foreign policy reform and domestic economic recovery go hand in hand. They States-Soviet relations and reduce the gon rather than the other way around. risk of war. Rarely has there been a These critics will point out that between are the crucial components of a new greater opportunity to defuse the United 1971 and 1976 Federal and social eco­ definition of national security which em­ States-Soviet arms race. The opportunity nomic spending increased four times phasizes the internal strength of stems partly from the obviously danger­ faster than the military budget. An im­ American society equally with U.S. mili­ ous and disagreeable consequences of pressive statistic, but what does it re­ tary power. taking the next step in the escalation. veal? A NEW FOREIGN POLICY AGENDA The United States is poised for an in­ Slow growth in the military budget America needs a new foreign policy. It tense and costly effort at improving the during this period should be expected as would be logical to assume that the end accuracy and invulnerability of its mis­ the desirable result of ending the Viet­ of the Vietnam war and over a decade of siles. The Soviets, while still far behind, nam war. improving relations with the socialist are moving in the same direction. The period encompasses the deepest countries would have created agreement For the Soviets, the prospect of the economic recession in the United States about what that policy shouk. be. But it United States poss€Ssing an ability to since the 1930's. In hard times, naturally, has not. Instead, Congress and the media destroy Soviet missiles in their silos is the programs created to meet human are filled with cold-war style debates extremely threatening. Some U.S. ex­ needs will require more money. Accord­ which sound like the 1950's. perts believe that U.S. development of ing to Government figures, every 1 per­ The United States is increasingly iso­ these highly accurate missiles will en­ cent of the labor force that is unem­ lated in an interdependent world. It courage the Soviets to launch a "first ployed-roughly 1,000,000 workers­ needs a foreign policy based on hard­ strike" during a crisis. The obvious solu­ costs the U.S. Treasury $14 billion in lost headed perceptions of the common in­ tion is not to take the next step, and tax revenues, while adding $3 billion in terests which unite nations, the limits of instead to begin arms reductions. recession-related costs, like unemploy­ military power, and the need to cooper­ Similar reasoning applies to the devel­ ment compensation. ate with different political systems. opment of cruise missiles. Their small In other words, it is the recession com­ But which new foreign policy initia­ size and ability to be launched through bined with steadily increasing military tives should have top priority? torpedo tubes of submerged submarines spending which is "squeezing" the Fed­ First. By adopting a nonintervention­ make it impossible to verify the number eral budget and the American taxpayer. ist foreign policy, we can demilitarize our of missiles in a country's arsenal. Con­ It will take more money to end the reces­ relations with Asian countries. The sequently, continued development of sion; and if Americans really want a United States has used military power to them is equivalent to sabotaging any fu­ balanced budget, something will have to pursue its goals in Asia since the end of ture agreements which require the veri­ give. World War ll. American withdrawal fication of the number of nuclear-tipped Given this situation, how can Presi­ from Indochina should have closed the missiles. Again the solution is to wait. dent Carter first, create jobs-at a cost door on an era of ill-fated Asian inter­ The opportunity is also based on Pres­ of $1 billion for every 100,000 jobs; ventions. Instead, the United States is ident Carter's statements. Shortly after second, launch new social programs; maintaining or increasing its military the election, he said: third, increase the military budget; and support for brutal dictatorships in South I think we ought to freeze at the present fourth, still balance the budget by fiscal Korea, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thai­ level, the number of missiles, the number year 1981. He cannot. Therefore, he faces land, and Taiwan as if they represented of warheads. overall throw weights and some tough choices. vital U.S. security interests. qualitative status. They do not. Present military com­ If President Carter intends to balance In addition, he has commented favor­ the budget by fiscal year 1981 and initiate mitments to these regimes are the prod­ ably on recent Soviet proposals for arms new programs in the areas of national uct of the now-abandoned cold-war reductions by saying, strategy to encircle, contain and roll health insurance, aid to the cities, and I think they are encouraging. others, then • * * back Asian communism. America has Growth in existing programs-both economic interests' in the region, but The much publicized Soviet "threat" military and domestic-must be re­ they are not served by propping up a in Europe also should be scrutinized for strained to cover inflation only. circle of petty d~ctators who depend more an opportunity to reduce arms. Consir' March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6763 ering troop strength, tanks and aircraft, But Warnke's support is not limited to NUNN OPPOSES WARNKE AT SALT the U.S./NATO forces are roughly bal­ President Carter. He has also won strong (By Charles Hayslett) anced with Soviet/Warsaw Pact Forces. support from the Soviet official news agency WASHINGTON .-In his first major break Tass, from the Soviet official newspaper with the Carter White House, Sen. Sam This "balance" represents an increase in Izvestia, and from the Soviet-controlled Nunn has announced he will oppose the Soviet strength; but the "balance" may Communist party newspaper in the United nomination of Paul Warnke to head the create a situation ripe with opportunity States, Daily World. United State's delegation to the Strategic for mutual force reductions, hopefully Having Tass, Izvestia and Daily World Arms Limitations Talks (SALT). including the removal of the 7,000 tac­ strongly supporting Warnke's confirmation as Nunn warned in a statement to the full tical nuclear weapons deployed through­ chief negotiator with the Soviet Union is the Senate that confirmation of Warnke, a long­ out Europe by the United States. equivalent of General Motors strongly sup­ time critic of many U.S. weapons systems, By canceling development of new, porting a particular individual to head the "could be misinterpreted by the Soviet United Automobile Workers in their negotia­ Union, to say nothing of our allies, as a destabilizing weapons and by halting the tions with General Motors. Except that in signal of U.s. willingness to make conces­ development and production of new nu­ the case of Warnke the stakes are higher sions on iSSues which in fact we may not be clear devices, this transfer amendment inasmuch as they involve the survival of prepared to make. would communicate a policy of restraint this nation. "Mr. Warnke's past positions will not be to the Soviets. This message should be In our local newspapers I have seen news forgotten by the Soviet negotiators," said accompanied by vigorous diplomatic ac­ stories about conservatives mounting a Nunn, "and I fear that an inherently diffi­ tivity aimed at achieving a parallel So­ campaign against Warnke's confirmation. cult negotiation will become more difficult viet response. If that is accomplished, But the news story I have not seen is a by reason of this appointment." United Press International dispatch that Nunn said he would support Carter's we may well have ended the arms race. Sen. Henry Jackson, D-Wash., declared that nomination of Warnke to head the AriDS Warnke "has shattered my confidence" and Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA), that he would vote against confirmation. by far the less controversial of the two jobs Now there are a great many good things for which the President nominated Warnke. ATLANTA JOURNAL, SENATOR NUNN that can be said about "Scoop" Jackson, but That nomination is expected to clear the OF GEORGIA OPPOSE WARNKE one thing that cannot be said in truth is that Senate with ease. FOR ARMS NEGOTIATOR. he is a conservative. He is a political liberal Despite published reports to the contrary, all the way. Here's what Sen. Jackson had to Nunn, Georgia's junior senator and a mem­ ber of the Senate Armed Services Commit­ say: tee, had never before said he would oppose HON. SAMUEL S. STRATTON "I cannot vote to confirm as our chief ne­ the Warnke nomination as SALT negotiator. OF NEW YORK gotiator a man who has shattered my con­ Prior to his Senate statement he had never IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fidence that I know where he stands, that I gone further than to say he had serious know what he believes. I do not know where questions about the nomination. Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Mr. Warnke stands. I do not know what he Sen. Herman Talmadge, the state's senior Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, tomor­ believes. senator, has yet to take a public position on row afternoon the Senate will vote on "And I do not expect to be able in the fu­ the Warnke nomination, which the Senate ture to place confidence in the explanations began debating last week in preparation for the nomination of Paul Warnke to be he wm be called upon to make when we a vote within a few days. He was out of head of the Disarmament Agency and have before us a treaty whose meaning de­ town Monday and unavailable for comment. the chief SALT negotiator. More than a rives as much from the negotiating record Nunn, meanwhile, tempered his opposi­ month ago I was the first witness to as from its necessarily incomplete and par­ tion to Warnke by saying he has complete testify against Mr.· Warnke before the tial language." confidence that President Carter "will in­ Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Warnke was approved by the easy going volve hiiDSelf more deeply in the SALT Today the anomaly of a man with Mr. Senate Foreign Relations Committee which negotiation than any past president, and Warnke's long-held, frequently espoused has jurisdiction in his case. He appeared be­ that he wm master the complexities of arms fore the Senate Armed Services Committee, control with considerable expertise. views in tart opposition over the past 8 too. Since that committee does not have ju­ "What is at issue here is not the Presi­ years to every single improvement in our risdiction no official vote was taken, but it dent's policy but the suitability o! Mr. defense capability, serving as chief U.S. is reported an unofficial tally showed a vote Warnke to negotiate it," he added. spokesman in dealing with the Soviets of 13-to-5 against confirmation. has finally been understood by the Even if the evidence against Warnke's American people and by an increasing marshmallow approach to the Soviet Union number of Members of the Senate. There were not so glaring, there would be justifi­ HAPPY BffiTHDAY is a real chance that Mr. Warnke's use­ cation for refusing confirmation on the basis fulness as a negotiator will be seriously of who wm lead his defense in the Senate. impaired by the size of his opposition in None other than lackluster George McGov­ HON. MARC L. MARKS ern, the South Dakota inanity. If ever two OF PENNSYLVANIA the Senate, even if he wins the bare persons deserved each other, Warnke and majority needed for confirmation tomor­ McGovern are those persons. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES row. Rep. Larry McDonald of Georgia's Seventh Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Mr. Speaker, there is strong opposi­ District has been in the forefront of the fight tion to Mr. Warnke in this vital role even against Warnke's nomination. And he's had Mr. MARKS. Mr. Speaker, I call at­ in Georgia. Under leave to extend my some cogent comments on the matter: tention to the fact that the Girl Scouts remarks, I include a hard-hitting column "I find it disturbing that Warnke remains of the United States are celebrating their by John Crown which appeared in yes­ a member of such an extreme advocate of 65th birthday this week. It was March 12, terday's Atlanta Journal, and also, from disarmament and U.S. abandonment of its 1912 that Juliette Low gathered together the same edition, a news story from allies as the Center for Defense Information. a few of her friends in Savannah, Ga., Washington outlining the opposition to CD! statements supporting disarmament and and began what is today an organization its lobbying efforts here in Congress have of over 3 million girls between the ages of Mr. Warnke by Georgia's junior Senator, been praised by the Soviet Union and its Sam Nunn. 6 and 17. It's said that 1 out of every 8 satellites throughout its existence.... girls in that age group is a Girl Scout. The articles follow: "Neither the responsibility for evaluating SOVIET SUPPORT FOR WARNKE In our own 24th Congressional District, arms control proposals as ACDA head nor in Pennsylvania, there are 13,445 Girl (By John Crown) the top negotiating responsibl11ty should be entrusted to such a partisan advocate of uni­ Scouts along with 2,500 adult volunteers. On Wednesday of this week the U.S. Senate Our girls are in the Penn Lakes Council is scheduled to vote on the controversial lateral disarmament as Warnke." dual nomination of Paul Warnke to head the How the Senate will vote on Wednesday is which has a summer camp at Hawthorne disarmament agency and to be our chief debatable. As o! this writing it appears that Ridge in Erie County. Last summer there negotiator with the Soviet Union in the Warnke may get the votes for confirmation. were 1,973 day campers, 3,483 troop celebrated Strategic Arms Limitation Talks If he Is confirmed, any treaty he brings campers, and 331 resident campers who (SALT). to the Senate for approval should be re­ took part. The amount of arm twisting that Presi­ garded with distrust, apprehension, and Two girls from the district have been dent Carter is having to do to insure the grave concern. Warnke is nothing more than selected for international scouting op­ confirmation of Warnke is giving rise to a unilateral disarmament type, out of touch speculation that the president is about to with reality, who would-presumably un­ portunities this summer. They are Me­ expend virtually all of his blue chips. knowingly-dig the grave !or our burial. linda Colem'9.ll of Farrell and Debbie Bar- 6764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 ker of Saegertown. Melinda will go to "It Is my judgment that the facts of thts SOVIET SUPPORT FOR WARNKE Mexico and Debbie to Kenya. case support a finding by the commission I have always been impressed with the that the color-television industry has been Girl Scouting program because it offers seriously injured and that import relief Js HON. JACK BRINKLEY appropriate," the congressman testified. OF GEORGIA activities that stimulate discovery, pro­ Allen W. Dawson, executive vice president mote friendships, develop skills and build of Corning Glass, is co-chairman of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES self-confidence. I am always impressed, Committee to Preserve American Color Tele­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 also. by their sales ability during Girl vision. He previously presented the industry Scout cookie time, now underway. Money case at commission hearings in Chicago. Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, we in from those sales go for camping purposes. Among the petitioners are Corning Glass this body recognize that every issue has I commend the girls, their parents and and GTE Sylvania. Inc., which recently closed more than one dimension, and we cer­ the scouting leaders and wish Girl a color-television plant in Batavia. Adam tainly recognize this feature in the cur­ Scouts, U.S.A. a very "Happy Birthday." Ziccardi, president of Local 352, Batavia, of rent debate over the nomination of Paul the International Union of Electrical, Radio C. Warnke to be the U.S. chief arms & Machine Workers, is among those present­ ing the case for import quotas to the com­ negotiator. Debate is healthy, should be IMPORTED COLOR TV SETS EN­ mission. full, free, and complete, and is not in­ DANGER JOBS IN UNITED STATES So is W. P. Schuster, vice president of tended by men of goodwill to injure engineering for Sylvania; Charles Plllard, anyone in any way; rather, it is designed HON. HENRY J. NOWAK formerly of Buffalo, president of the Inter­ to provide information as to the best national Brotherhood of Electrical workers, choice among the choices available. OF NEW YORK and George Parker, president of the American A different look at the Warnke con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Flint Glass Workers Union, which repre­ sents Corning Glass employes. troversy is taken by Columnist John Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Stanley Nehmer, economic consultant to Crown in the March 7 edition of the At­ Mr. NOWAK. Mr. Speaker, last Sep­ the petitioners and a former deputy assistant lanta Journal, and in my opinion, it com­ tember 11, labor organizations and five secretary of commerce, told the commission pletes the picture, it is a new dimension. that import quotas, not higher tariffs, were This dimesion is worthy of our consid­ comoanies representing the domestic the only practical remedy 'to save the Ameri­ eration, and expresses the sentiment of color television industry filed a petition can industry. with the U.S. International Trade Com­ many concerned Americans including my colleague, Dr. LARRY McDoNALD, who mission seeking relief from the marked serves with me on the House Armed increase in foreign color TV sets that Services Committee and who has been in have appeared in U.S. markets. A PATRIOTIC POEM the forefront of the effort to make cer­ The petitioners are seeking the im­ tain that our arms negotiators take position of quotas on the importation of tough stands in the best interest of the color TV sets for 5 years. HON. BUD SHUSTER OF PENNSYLVANIA United States of America. Among the points made by the peti­ My sincere hope is for fair stands to tioners: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be taken which I believe will be in the First. Imports have increased their Tuesday, March 8, 1977 best interest of the United States and not share of the U.S. market from 18 to 42 Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, I would to dismiss out of hand the good inten­ percent between 1975 and 1976. tioned efforts of altruists-accompanied Second. Almost 90,000 jobs are like to bring to the attention of the Members of the House of Representatives by hard-headed logic and judgment­ threatened by the spiraling growth of toward arms limitations. May all of us imports. an excellent poem entitled "My Love" by Robert D. Launtz of James Creek, Pa. be catalysts toward eradicating atomic The International Trade Commission This poem reflects the thoughts of one weapons from the face of the Earth, is expected to make its recommendation of my constituents regarding his love but may we not be beguiled into doing to the President shortly. Certainly the for our country. I am sure that this work our share unilaterally. I insert this arti­ continued lagging condition of our do­ also reflects the feelings of all of us in cle in the RECORD, and I commend it to mestic economy strongly suggests that this Chamber today. I insert Mr. Launtz' the attention of every Member of the an equitable decision would address the poem into the RECORD: Congress: vital need to protect American jobs. SoVIET SUPPORT FOR WARNKE Following is an article from the Jan­ MY LoVE uary 19, 1977, editions of the Buffalo As I think of all the many blessings and (By John Crown) Evening News which provides more de­ security that I enjoy, and I never On Wednesday of this week the U.S. Sen­ walk a. road or climb a mountain nor ate is scheduled to vote on the controversial tail on the implications of the pending tread a valley that I don't think of dual nomination of Paul Warnke to head the petition before the International Trade America my home. disarmament agency and to be our chief Commission: I never see a sunrise or sunset or feel a drop negotiator with the Soviet Union in the QUOTAS ASKED ON IMPORTING COLOR TV SETS of rain on my face that I don't think celebrated Strategic Arms Limitation Talks WASHINGTON, January 19.-The U.S. Trade how God blessed me to love my coun­ (SALT). Commission was urged Tuesday by Western try. The amount of arm twisting that Presi­ New York and other interests to recommend And with this special love comes the joy of dent Carter is having to do to insure the that President Carter impose import quotas freedom and happiness and of Uberty, confirmation of Warnke is giving rise to on color television sets. to see to feel and to gaze at the mag­ speculation that the president is about to "The survival of the American color-tele­ nificent sight of a thousand rainbows expend virtualy all of his blue chips. vision industry is in jeopardy," asserted J. W. is truly the glorious feeling of freedom. But Warnke's support is not llmited to Abel, president of the United Steelworkers With every step, every breath and every President Carter. He has also won strong of America. He said at least 50,000 job op­ heartbeat I give thanks and say with support from the Soviet official newspaper portunities for American workers were lost dignity and pride, America is my home, Izvestia, and from the Soviet-controlled In 1976 because of the "flood" of color TV my land. Communist party newspaper in the United set imports. The waving grain, the rolling plains and the States, Daily World. Rep. Stanley N. Lundine (D., Jamestown) lush green green valleys the mountain Having Tass, Izvestia and Daily World noted in his testimony before the commis­ tops are the horizons and the America's strongly supporting Warnke's confirmation sion that Corning Glass Works in his district sight of grandeur, a citadel of democ­ as chief negotiator with the Soviet Union was among those seriously affected by the racy, a land of the free home of the is the equivalent of General Motors strongly imports. Corning produces glass "envelopes" brave. supporting a. particular individual to head used in the manufacture of TV picture As I close my eyes, bow my head and in the United Automoblle Workers in their tubes. silence I say "America." my land, my negotiations with General Motors. Except Mr. Lund1ne said that 10 years ago, the home, to all this, plus much much that in the case of Warnke the stakes are U .S. imported 240,000 color television sets more deserves all my gratltu sell. The country and its then leave"). furnace that is tiny, efficient, and capable of switching among coal, oil, and gas. MERDI scientists are, after all, still in the grips of NCAT's location in Butte is owing to a the idea that new, higher technologies­ convergence of circumstances. A few years will be in the position of supplying the qual­ ity control--everyone is concerned that new rather than simplification of life-styles-are ago R & D consultant Jerry Plunkett, who what are needed to solve our problems. And now heads the new Montana Energy and technologies be sound ones acceptable to the population as a whole, and not half-baked there are countless intitutlonal obstacles, Magneto-Hydrodynamics Research Institute ranging from federal R & D funding priorities (MERDI). wanted to broaden the institute's innovations that cast low-income people as guinea pigs in poorly thought out programs. to loan poli::ies and building cedes, to the scope to include alternative and small tech­ wlde-sclle adopti::ln of small technologies. nologies. He got his senator, Mike Mansfield NCAT is still at the embryo stage, and (who was Senate majority leader), inter­ there is not too much to be told yet about The NCAT idea should get a good boost its mode of operation. It has an executive from the impending visit to these shores of ested in the idea. He later hooked up with director, James Schmidt, a former CAP di­ E. F. Schumacher himself. Among other en­ people at CSA, who have been putting money rector, and is looking for office space to house gagement3, Schumacher was scheduled to into home insulation projects for poor peo­ an eventual staff of around 30. Outreach meet with NCAT people in Butte at a gov­ ple since the fuel crisis of 1973. workers from the center will be planted in ernors' conference to be held in late Febru­ CSA eventually gave MERDI a planning CAP offices and regional CSA offices around ary; this month he is to lead a workshop, grant to work out the design for an appropri­ the country. The center plans soon to shower sponsored primarily by NCAT, at George ate technology center. The planning com­ CAP's, appropriate technologists, and com­ Washington University in Washington, D.C. rot ttee took over a year to get the idea in munity groups with its Request for Pro­ No spokesman, however eloquent, is going final shape. There were great hagglings over posal, and the first grant may be made as the definitions of "low-income" people and of to reorient this country's values to small is early as next month. beautiful; however, as prices continue to "appropriate technology" (for example, does Aside from promoting appropriate inven­ this term apply to solar collectors manu­ climb and resources diminish, m're and more tions, just what sort of undertakings does people will find themselves resorting to ap­ factured by Honeywell Corporation when the NCAT hope to stimulate? Perhaps the best technology is appropriate but is produced by propriate technology, whether or not they call available example of the combination of it that.-CONSTANCE HOLDEN a large, high-technology "inappropriate" community action, self-reliance, and ap­ concern?). Some purists felt that having a propriate use of technology in a poor com­ center at all went against the doctrine of munity is supplied by the East 11th Street decentralization. The appropriate technolo­ project in lower Manhattan. East 11th Street gists and the community organizers on the was born from a crisis, a not uncommon VOICE OF DEMOCRACY CONTEST committee suffered from a communications facilitator of new ideas. gap, according to board chairman, Milwaukee According to Travis Price, who was on the social worker Anthony Maggiore-the former, NCAT planning committee and who has been for example, had to drop some of their HON. DON YOUNG advising this project, it all started when a OF ALASKA utopian visions and learn about grappling dil1pidated building was allegedly burnt out with the rude and intractable realities of by the landlord who hoped to collect insur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES poverty. · ance money on a losing deal. It was a classic Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Finally, there was extensive debate over ghetto neighborhood, populated mostly by the center's relation to MERDI. Most of the Puert:> Ricans whose average annual income Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, planners did not like the idea of NCAT being was $1,500. A group of people on the block This year the theme for the Veterans of part of MERDI, as Plunkett had envisaged, got together to buy the shell of the building Foreign Wars Voice of Democracy Con­ because they felt the institute was overly before it was demolished by the city. This test was "What America Means to Me." oriented to high technology and were put off wa-:: 3Y:z years ago. After a year and a hal! of Over 500,000 students from over 8,000 by all the bankers and copper magnates on trying to get a mortgage (the area was "red­ the board. Ultimately NCAT was planned as lined" and no bank would give them a loan) secondary schools participated in this an organization independent of MERDI but they got e. loan fr::lm the city, and started re­ year's 30th annual contest. with a contractual relationship to it. building the thing themselves. Price got in­ I would like to take this opportunity The NCAT board wiil eventually have 27 volved somewhere along the way, and tried to include the text of the winning speech members, including representatives from to help the group look for ways to reduce fuel from my State written by Paul Gerard Community Action Programs (CAP's), rep­ bills. They finally obtained money from the resentatives from all the usual downtrodden CSA and the Department of Housing and Ossowski of Kodiak, Alaska: constituencies, technical people, and a smat­ Urban Development to install a windmill and WHAT AM.ERICA MEANS To ME tering of "establishment" types. solar c::>llectors on the roof, and to insulate America means opportunity. That is how If the members appointed so tar are any the building. Now, says Price, not only the it all began. The early settlers came to the March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6773 new world for opportunity to worshio in tive abilities and develop their individ­ mains that the Court approved, for the first keeping with their consciences and to build ual talents and brings about awareness time, the use of a precise racial quota by a a. future on the strength of their own ini­ state government in dealing w-ith its citi­ of appreciation for positive attitudes to­ zens-and that is important. If such quotas tiative and hard work. ward all peoples and cultw·es, traditional The new continent was bountiful; land are permissible in the crucial area of voting, was seemingly unlimited. Over the years im­ and emerging. The many benefits of mu­ for instance, should they not also be per­ migrants poured in, bringing their individual sic in our schools certainly makes the missible in other fields such as admission gifts, their talents, and traditions to the new program worthy of recognition. to college or hiring for jobs? The trouble of country. This is one reason why America ap­ course-both constitutionally and politi­ pears to other nations as a "melting pot", cally-is that any time someone is included consisting of people from every conceivable in a group because of a racial quota, someone race and national heritage, joined in the THE QUESTION OF QUOTAS else is excluded because of race. And for common cause of democracy. Despite our many who believe the Constitution requires wide range of ethnic groups, we still main­ government to be color-blind, that is racial tain a sense of unity. The rest of the world HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL discrimination pure and simple. There are distinctions between voting and often sees only our diversity. But we Amer­ OF ILLINOIS icans understand the mystery of our indivis­ other matters that may have been critical to ible union. This bond serves us in peace a.s IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Court's handling of this case. The first well as in war. Tuesday, March 8, 1977 is that as long as politicians believe racial God and man made America what it is­ groups vote in blocs, racial factors will be but America has made us what we are today. Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, there is considered (openly or secretly) in apportion­ We a.re unique among nations in that we perhaps no more potentially explosive ment decisions; to argue that those decisions consist of a multitude of races, traditions, issue confronting the American people must be made on racially neutral grounds, religions, cultures and nationalities. We have than that of the quota system or reverse as Chief Justice Warren E. Burger does in a. great deal to be thankful for. We have dissent, is to ignore reality. The second is discrimination as it is sometimes called. that the Court has held in several prior cases fuller freedom for self-government a.nd Although the subject is complex and greater opportunities for self-fulfillment that states must take race into account in than have ever existed elsewhere. cannot be easily either explained or apportionment matters and, indeed, has re­ Because of the way in which our predeces­ analyzed, basically what we are dealing quired that black districts be created in some sors shaped our nation, Americans in our with is this question: Is it in the interest states because prior apportionment plans had first 200 years have overcome the full spec­ of justice for the Government to set split the black vote deliberately in order to trum of adversity-winning independence, goals or timetables or to otherwise deal squelch black representation. The third is taming the wilderness, and surmounting the with Americans along racial lines? that the purpose of the New York plan was terrible effects of civil war. In the past half not to reduce the representation of a mi­ My own answer to that question is nority group or to give a racial group higher century, we Americans have beaten the Great that despite the benefits that might be Depression and powerful armed aggression. representation than it had population in the gained by a group or class by favorable relevant political jurisdiction. The fourth is goals or timetables for hiring or educa­ the existence of the Voting Rights Act in tion, in the long run such programs which Congress specifically authorized the MUSIC IN OUR SCHOOLS WEEK are inherently unjust. use of race-oriented remedies to overcome The Washington Post, March 4, 1977, prior racial discrimination. Some, but not all, of these factors exist in contained an editorial "A Color-Blind other areas where quotas or other race­ liON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT Government" which deals with the diffi­ oriented devices have been used. And we are OF CALIFORNIA culties of the subject and provides some not about to guess how the Justices will re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES interesting questions as well. I do not gard them in another case now pending-a always agree with editorials of the claim by a white student that he was un­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Washington Post, but I must say that constitutionally discriminated against when Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, I rise they are consistently well written. Clear his application to a California medical school today in recognition of "Music in Our writing does not always mean clear was rejected while several minority appli­ cants with lower test scores were admitted. Schools Week," March 7 through March thinking-but it is a good thing in it­ That case has other elements too-the at­ 12, as designated by the Music Educa­ self. I would like t:> insert this editorial tempt to provide minority representation in tors National Conference. This national in the RECORD: a key profession, an effort to create a mixed observance is to focus public attention A COLOR-BLIND GOVERNMENT? student body, and so on. on the goals and processes of music edu­ It is tempting to read far more than is There is great appeal in the Chief Justice's cation in our schools. actually there Into the Supreme Court's de­ position that the government must be color­ This third nationwide observance of cision upholding a legislative apportion­ blind and it is, of course, the goal toward "Music in Our Schools Week" presents ment plan based on racial quotas. The temp­ which the country must move. But there is an opportunity to strengthen support to tation arises because the issue of giving also an awful dilemma. If the government all aspects of music education. The Mu­ racial minorities a better opportunity in in all its forms cannot consider race for any society extends far beyond apportionment purpose, the possibility exists that racial sic Educators National Conference qas to education, employment, housing and minorities will be frozen into the existing proclaimed "Harmony in the Arts" as many other areas government touches. In social, educational and professional patterns. the general theme for 1977 as a coopera­ legal terms, the means for achieving this • But if it does consider race, at least in more tive effort with teachers and students opportunity are much alike-whether you than a remedial sense, then how much actual of drama, dance, graphic arts, and call them racial quotas, race-centered re­ change can one say there has there been in humanities. medial measures, or reverse discrimina­ the last 25 years-except for the color (or tion-because they all focus on race as the colors) of the preferred race? We, along with The Highlands High School Marching the Court, are going to ponder that this Band of North Highlands, Calif., has distinction between various groups of citizens. spring. won many awards and trophies from Judged by the cases that lie ahead, the throughout California under the direc­ apportionment case decided Tuesday was tion of William Hill, chairman of the easy. Yet the Justices split four ways with CONGRESSIONAL RURAL CAUCUS school's music department. At Highlands no one position mustering more than four $16.4 BILLION ANTI-INFLATION High School a special tribute is being votes. Taken to the lowest common denom­ JOB-CREATION PROPOSAL planned. Gerald Lopes, president of the inator, seven justices agreed that states Capitol District California Music Edu­ covered by the Voting Rights Act can de­ sign legislative district boundaries along HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE cators, and a teacher at Highlands High racial lines in order to provide an oppor­ School where he instructs choral stu­ tunity for minority representation In the OF KENTUCKY dents and directs the school orchestra state legislature. This case involved a plan IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has announced a 2-day music festival t~ that distributed a Jewish area in New York Tuesday, March 8, 1977 be held on Friday March 11 and Satur­ among several predominantly black districts day March 12. Over 5,000 music students so that each district would be 65 per cent Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, .will attend the music festival, appearing black, thus creating a good chance !or my colleagues, the Honorable Eo JoNES, electing a black legislator. m 112 different groups of bands, choirs, In one sense. the decision is not unusually GILLIS LoNG, PARREN MITCHELL, RICK and orchestras. important since the facts are peculiar and NOLAN, JAMES BROYHILL, JIM HANLEY, Music education provides opportuni­ the absence of a majority opinion reduces LARRY PRESSLER, MIKE HARRINGTON, and tie.3 to all students to express their crea- its value as a precedent. But the fact re- I have taken a special order at the con- 6774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 elusion of business, Thursday, March 10. Second, in providing grants, loans, and formerly was director of studies for for the purpose of discussing the Con­ tax incentives and other benefits to busi­ the Council on Foreign Relations. He gressional Rural Caucus-CRC-$16.4 ness, the Federal Government has done scarcely troubled himself to .. alter the billion anti-inflation job-creation pro­ a miserable job of insuring that small wording of the original. A number of posal, the funding of the Rural Develop­ business got its share. Industry, by vir­ CFR members and staff were involved ment Act of 1972, and the expansion of tue of its size, presence, lawyers and ac­ with the IPS/TN! report. FmHA and SBA loan programs. counting departments, and lobbyists has IPS/TN! answers the question as to The Congressional Rural Caucus and garnered most of the Federal program why it would devote time to reducing the subcommittees of both the House Agri­ pie. Linowitz Commission recommendations culture and Small Business Committees Third, the Federal Government has to a skeletal workbook format by ac­ held extensive hearings on this subject been particularly neglectful in the re­ knowledging that their readership tar· March 3 and 4, receiving testimony from search and statistics it has generated on gets are principally the new administra­ a wide cross-section of our people-busi­ behalf of small business. The activities of tion and Congress. ness leaders, public officials, rural devel­ the House and Senate Small Business In brief, both the Linowitz Commission opment officials, our minorities and Committees have been particularly suc­ reports and the IPS/TNI "Son of Lino· financial institutions. cessful in promoting the statistical story witz" call for sweeping changes in U.S. It is imperative that we take action to of the neglected small business. foreign policy toward Latin America an d stimulate our economy and provide suf­ The whole story, however, has not been the Caribbean. They call for the United ficient jobs for our people. Our plan told. It would be of immense value to States to state that it will never intervene envisions the creation of 3 million new small business for the White House to directly with military force or with any private sector jobs targeted at cities, take a personal and official interest in economic or other political pressure to try counties, towns, and rural areas through­ the problems of the Main Street busi­ to stop the imposition of totalitarian out America with high unemployment, nessman. Marxist-Leninist regime; that the United while, at the same time, giving the tax­ States give away the Canal Zone and payer a 7 to 1 return on his tax dollars. Panama Canal to the leftist dictator of I urge my colleagues to be present for, INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES Panama; that the United States with­ and to participate in, this discussion in PRODUCES "SON OF LINOWITZ" draw militarily from the Caribbean leav­ which we and our constituents have a REPORT ing the Cuban Communists free to carry direct and vital interest as taxpayers. out subversion and/or direct interven­ HON. LARRY McDONALD tion; and that the United States provide OF GEORGIA the technology and food and finished goods to subsidize the Communists. WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A comparison of Linowitz I, Linowitz SMALL BUSINESS Tuesday, March 8, 1977 II, and "Son of Linowitz'' is instructive: Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, on Mon .. On the Panama Canal: HON. ALVIN BALDUS day, February 28, a 22-page report en­ The most urgent l~sue the new Admin­ titled "The Southern Connection: Rec­ istration will face in the Western Hemisphere OF WISCONSIN in 1977 is unquestionably the smoldering IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ommendations for a New Approach to dispute with Panama. • • • Inter-American Relations" was released Tne new administration should make it an Tuesday, March 8, 1977 by the Institute for Policy Studies' early priority to clear the air and to fo:ms Mr. BALDUS. Mr. Speaker, today, I Transnational Institute-IPS/TNI-in its own and the public's attention on what introduced House Resolution 386, recom­ Washington, D.C. The report was pro­ is really at stake in Panama. mending that President Carter convene duced by an ad hoc working group on • • • the Panama Canal is no longer a White House Conference on Small Latin America brought together by IPS/ vital • • • the waterway is useful * • *. TNI Director Orlando Letelier in 1976 * • * the United States does not need Business, early in his administration. perpetual control of the Canal nor exclusive This effort is made jointly with those of and headed by Roberta Salper, coordi­ jurisdiction over the Canal Zone to protect the Honorable Senator GAYLORD NELSON, nator of IPS's Latin American unit. its legitimate interest in the Canal. Indeed, chairman of the Senate Committee on The IPS/TN! report bears a marked the greatest threat to maintaining an open Small Business and his colleagues, in similarity to the reports of the Ford and Canal is likely to come from nationalist introducing Senate Resolution 105 on Rockefeller brothers funded Linowitz Panamanian resentment o! U.S. attempts to March 3, making a similar request to the Commission-Commission on United continue to maintain a colonial enclave in President. States-Latin American Relations-and Panama. Linowitz II, p. 5. I associate myself with Senator can be seen as an effort to crystallize and • * * Panama is now the most urgent hemi­ NELSON's timely remarks contained in emphasize certain Linowitz recommen­ spheric issue for the new Administration. * * * the Canal is useful to the United the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of March 3, dations. Indeed, at least four of the other States, but not vital; * • * S3405-3406, and would like to expand on six working group members-Abraham Our count ry's legitimate Interests WOllld them. · F. Lowenthal, Richard R. Fagen, Riordan best be served by recognizing that we do not Senator NELSON contends that small I:toett, and Robert Pastor-worked for need to exert perpetual control over the business has been largely neglected by the Linowitz Commission. Canal nor reserve exclusive jurisdiction over the Federal Government. The effects of The Linowitz Commission reports are the Canal Zone. that neglect are threefold. being used as a guide for U.S. abandon­ We • * * recommend: First, Congress and the executive ment of its leadership role in the Western That the American public be fully in­ branch have teamed up to pass a multi­ Hemisphere and for institution of a new formed of the justice and desirability of ne­ gotiating a new Treaty. Such a move would tude of laws regulatory of the Nation's policy of nonintervention against Com· make U.S. Senate ratification, Congressional business. All too often, those regulations munist aggression on America's doorstep. implementation, and U.S. public acceptance are aimed at big business-Wall Street The relationships between the Institute of the Treaty easier. IPS/ TNI "S.O.L.," pp. business-not small business, or Main for Policy Studies, which has long sup­ 7-8. Street business, if you wiil. Yet, in the ported the Castro regime and its revolu­ promulgation of these laws and regula­ tionary subversion in Latin America and The assertion that the Panama Canal tions governing the conduct of business, in this country, an d the Linowitz Com­ is "not 'iital" is simply false. All but our very little effort or initiative has gone mission bears close examination in this largest ships can pass through the canal. into assessing the economic impact these context. What is needed is modernization and ex­ regulations have on small business. Persons involved with the Linowitz pansion of the canal's facilities so that While these regulations are usually not Commission state that the IPS/TN! con­ larger ships can transit with ease. The aimed at small business, they rarely ex­ densation is being called the "Son of canal makes it unnecessary for this empt small business from their scope Linowitz" report; and that 1t was in fact country to maintain two separate fleets and effect. Nor have many other imagi­ not written by Roberta Salper, but by in the Caribbean and Pacific at a con­ native ways of lifting the economic Abraham Lowenthal, ·who now heads the siderable saving· in cost to the American burden of these regulations from small Latin American studies program at the taxpayers. businessmen been developed or explored. Woodrow Wilson International Center The American people have expressed March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6775 their opposition to the giveaway of the Letelier upon his return to the United sponsored terrorist groups in Africa, the Panama Canal and Canal Zone to the States worked to stop U.S. economic and Middle East, Far East and Latin Amer­ Torrijos regime in letters to their Con­ other support of Chile. He called upon his ica. The Cubans are linked to the gressmen and Senators, and in numerous wide circle of contacts in Washington to Weather Underground Organization and public opinion polls. U.S. citizens show effectuate that goal. After his murder in the FALN terrorists in this country and more sense than the left academic elite September 1976, it was discovered that dominate the Marxist-Leninist Puerto of the Linowitz Commission and IPS/ Letelier was a paid Cuban intelligence Rican Socialist Party which has been in­ TNI. The request for a propaganda cam­ agent; and that the "private" funds he volved in violent activities for over 15 paign to promote the abandonment of distributed so freely came from the cu­ years. Selected members of the Vencere­ our treaty-held sovereignty over the ban Communists and also apparently mos Brigade have received training in Canal Zone and canal is a bald admission from the World Peace Council, an inter­ sabotage and terror tactics in Cuba; and that there is active opposition to the national Soviet apparatus for supporting Cuba has provided sanctuary for anum­ giveaway among Americans. terrorists and propagandizing for West­ ber of U.S. revolutionaries wanted for Furthermore, neither the Linowitz re­ ern disarmament. criminal activities. ports nor the IPS/TN! "Son of Linowitz" In February 1974, Sol Linowitz partici­ Nevertheless, Linowitz Report I as­ mention that the Panamanians are ruled pated in a Capitol Hill Conference or­ serted: by a leftist dictator who is closely allied ganized by the Fund for New Priorities Whatever the case in the early 1950s, with Fidel Castro, as are the leading on the overthrow of Allende. His role as Cuba's material support of subversive move­ ments in other Latin American countries has members of his bure~mcracy. Dictator a foreign agent for the Allende govern­ ment was not published. diminished in recent years. Its residual ac­ Torrijos can be exPected to use the canal tivities appear to be largely rhetorical; they capriciously to either forbid transit or On United States-Cuban relations: do not now threaten the security of the exact extravagant rates from the vessels Recommendations: United States nor of the Latin American of non-Communist Latin American coun­ (a) The President should make clear the countries. tries who have been struggling against determination of the U.S. government to use its powers to the full extent permitted by That Linowitz report was published Cuban-directed revolutionary terrorists. law to prevent terrorist actions against Cuba in mid-1975, the year after the found­ It should also be noted that Sol M. or any other foreign country or against U.S. ing of a "terrorist international," the Linowitz, who takes responsibility for citizens, and to apprehend and prosecute Revolutionary Coordinating Commit­ both Commission reports, is cw-rently perpetrators of such actions. Our expectation is that Cuba would then prevent the lapse tee-JCR by Castroite and Trotskyite co-negotiator with Ambassador Ells­ groups in Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, and worth Bunker of a new canal treaty with of the anti-hijacking agreement. (b) Thereafter, representatives of the Ad­ Uruguay. Even as the report appeared, Panama. Linowitz's long-stated views the JCR had as many as 6,000 armed that the United States should hand over ministration should indicate to Cuban rep­ resentatives that the U.S. is prepared to lift guerrillas in Argentina with many addi­ control of the canal and Canal Zone to its embargo on food and medicines and enter tional supporters, and was attempting Torrijos, combined with the new admin­ into subsequent negotiations with Cuba on to infiltrate 2,000 heavily armed guer­ istration's expressed desire for a hasty the whole range of disputed issues • • •. rillas over the Andes into Chile to lead settlement, have reportedly caused the Linowltz II, pp. 10-11. a planned uprising. Panamanian dictator to further harden • • • we recommend: Under the pretext of ending terrorism, his demands for total control. 1. That the new Administration take the first step • • • by announcing and under­ both the Linowitz report and IPS/TN! Linowitz's role as director of a bank taking strict measures to enforce national ask the U.S. Government to in effect which has made large loans to the Torri­ and international laws barring the use of break up Cuban exile organizations who jos regime indicates a major conflict of U.S. territory, personnel, or resources as a still hope to free their homeland from interest with his role as U.S. Canal ba<:is for terrorist acts or plans, and also by Communist rule. It should be noted that Treaty negotiator. The surrender of the cutting whatever ties may still exist between for Communist regimes, "sabotage" in­ canal to the Panamanian dictator will U.S. Government agencies and those who en­ cludes all antiregime activities including enable his government to extort the gage in terrorism or sabotage against Cuba. circulating antiregime literature, labor funds which will enable Panama to pay . .. organizing, and many other nonterrorist back its loan to Linowitz's bank. 3. If such talks are fruitful, we recommend that the U.S. emb:ugo on food and medicine activities. Mr. Linowitz was a registered foreign be lifted. This significant gesture would in­ The IPS/TN! report euphemizes the agent for the Allende government of dicate that the United States wishes to en­ Communists' confiscation of property Chile while Orlando Letelier was Uni­ ter into negotiations on other outstanding and businesses owned by Americans, the dad Popular's Ambassador to the United issues * • *. IPS/TN! "S.O.L.," p. 11. forced collectivization of the Cuban econ­ States. Once his minority coalition had Both the Linowitz Commission and the omy, and the transformation of Cuba gained power, Allende abused his Presi­ IPS/TN! report call for "ideological di­ into a Soviet satellite, mercenary train­ dency to smuggle in weapons to arm the versity," meaning American acceptance ing center and base for subversion and MIR terrorists of which his nephew was of the Communists' "right" to impose a terror as Cuba's challenge to "the rules a ~~ader and for his paramilitary organi­ totalitarian regime in Cuba and other of U.S. dominance." Among its recom­ zatiOn, the Group of Personal Friends­ countries and make them the base for mendations are negotiations in which GAP. Both the Chilean Communist Party undermining neighboring countries. Cuba would pay some compensation for and the Chilean Socialist Party to which The Linowitz Commission and IPS 1 stolen U.S. property in exchange for Allende and Letelier belonged are Marx­ TNI demand U.S. Government action~ U.S. abandonment of our naval base at ist-Leninist revolutionary parties which prevent terrorist actions against Cuba Guantanamo held by lawful treaty. have worked in close alliance since 1958 and ignore the fact that the exile Cuban On "Non-Intervention" and "ideolog­ and were preparing a coup to seize total ical Diversity": power. Some of the funds used to buy groups are penetrated thoroughly by Castro's secret police one of whom ad­ Unilateral U.S. military intervention, such arms and smuggle Czech and Soviet as occurred in the Dominican Republic in weapons i?to Chile were embezzled from mitted upon his safe return to Havana participating in the assassination of an 1965, must not be repeated. Covert U.S. in­ gove~nment accounts: other funds were volvement in the domestic politics of Latin obtamed from smuggling heroin and co­ anti-Castro exile leader in Miami. In America, such as occurred recently in Chile, other instances, acts of violence have cai~e into the United States, a project in is indefensible and should be ended. • • • wh1ch Orlando Letelier was implicated been in'>ti2"at.ed by Castro's DGI agents such activities • • • are inconsistent with a by the Chilean military government after provocateur who set up duped exiles for mutually respectful world order • • •. Overt Allende's overthrow. arrest. or covert intervention by other nations Furthermore, the Cuban Communists does not necessarily justify employment I~ is of interest that the Institute for began exporting revolutionary terror to of such • • • practices by the United Policy Studies' Ad Hoc Working Group many Latin American countries in the States. • • • Latin American nations will continue in on Latin America was brought together 1960's. These activities continue una­ unde: th~ general supervision of Orlando the coming years to possess widely •·arying bated and have caused death and injury political and economic systems. Although L~teher m 1976 while the second Lino­ to thousands. such diversity in the hemisphere may some­ Witz Commission report was being pre­ In this country, the Cubans coordinate times directly affect U.S. interests, these ten­ pared. support work for a wide range of Soviet- dencies clearly reflect the desire of nations 6776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 of the hemisphere, north and south, to de­ sore of totalitarianism in Cuba which mercia! and credit relations to human termine their own futures. Linowitz I, pp. even now is operating terrorist cadres ln rights issues in the Soviet Union. 24-25. our land and is training American citi­ "* • • the new thrust of U.S. policy in Riordan Roett, a consultant to the Latin America should be to support the ideo­ zens as terrorists in Angola and Aden. Linowitz Commission and director of logically diverse and experimental ap­ It is instructive that the IPS/TN! re­ Latin American Studies at Johns Hop­ proaches to development that a.re gaining port also asserts that it would be a "most kins University's School of Advanced In­ support around the world. Underlying this dangerous delusion of American omni­ ternational Studies. recognition and response must be the accept­ potence" for the United States to hope After the Allende Unided Popular gov­ ance of ideological pluralism in both eco­ that such a course of action would im­ ernment was deposed in 1973, Roett nomic and political affairs. prove human rights in any country. The headed the Emergency Committee to Aid "• • • the primary implication of accept­ ing ideological pluralism is clear: the United real result would be to weaken free world Latin American Scholars-ECLAS­ States must not intervene to shape govern­ countries resisting subversion while at which received a $40,000 grant from the ments and societies to our views and prefer­ the same time propping up the faltering Ford Foundation to organize the place­ ences. Instead, the United State must recog­ economies of the Communist camp with ment of Chilean Marxists as instructors nize the right of peoples around the world to food and high technology exports. at American colleges and universities. determine the nature of their political and IPS/TNI GROUP STAFF Among those "placed" was Orlando economic institutions for themselves. Ac­ Letelier, the Cuban agent. cepting the principle means, for example, In light of the strong bias toward Cuba that the United States will not boycott and foreign policy goals in the Western Hem­ Robert Pastor, executive director of isolate (or ultimately invade) any country, isphere exhibited by both the Linowltz the Linowitz Commission-Commission however small or near, because of political Commission reports and the IPS/TN! on United States-Latin American Rela­ and economic diH'erences.-IPS/ TNI "S.O.L.," "Son of Linowitz" group, an examination tions, "an independent bipartisan group pp. 3-4. of the staff of the ad hoc group, their of 20 private citizens." The IPS/TNI The intention is clearly for the United involvements with the Linowitz Commis­ report notes : Due to his commitments while serving as ~tat~s to forever abandon its military op­ sion, and with other Latin American ac­ tivities may be instructive. Executive Director of the Linowtiz Commis­ tiOn m the Western Hemisphere, and to sion and his successive appointment to the agree never to aid any government or or­ Roberta Salper, coordinator of IPS's staH' of the National security Council (Janu­ ganization resist Communist subversion Latin American Unit, served as a mem­ ary 1977), Robert Pastor did not participate and terrorism regardless of the training ber of the U.S. Zone Central Committee in the preparation of the last draft and the arms, financing and propaganda support of the Castroite Communist Puerto Rican final version of this Report. from Communist countries. In effect this Socialist Party-PSP-prior to her join­ ing the Institute for Policy Studies staff. Richard Rees Fagen, a consultant to would give carte blanche to the Soviets the Linowitz Commission; professor of and the Cubans who even now are well In 1976, IPS codirector Richard Barnet recommended her to the Council on For­ political science at Stanford University advanced in plans to transform Jamaica and 1975 president of the American Po­ into a Marxist-Leninist dictatorship. eign Relations. After the 25th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet litical Science Association. On "Human Rights": Fagen traveled to Cuba in July 1969, • • • the U.S. government should try to Union in Moscow, Salper arranged for private meetings at IPS with Guyana's with a group of U.S. revolutionaries, assure that its programs do not aid or abet mostly members of the Weatherman fac­ repressive regimes in carrying out inhumane Cheddi Jagan. Among the results was a activities. Linowitz I, p. 26 coordinated campaign against the pro­ tion of SDS, to meet with North Viet­ ''We believe that U.S. policy toward foreign U.S. Jamaican Labour Party alleging an namese Communists and Vietcong offi­ economic and mlli tary assistance ~ ,. $ attempt to "destabilize" the Castro-allied cials. With Fagen on that trip were should honor and support human rights. government of Prime Minister Michael Robert "Bo" Burlingham, indicted with IPS/ TNI "S.O.L.," p. 5 Manley by the United States. other Weatherman leaders in a bomb However, there is a major inconsist­ Salper states that Orlando Letelier, conspiracy plot, a former Ramparts edi­ ency in the "human rights" proposals. "colleague and friend," read the first tor and since 1974 an editor of the radi­ The United States is asked to deny eco­ draft of the "Son of Linowitz" report cal journal, Working Papers for a New nomic and security assistance to coun­ prior to his murder. Society, cosponsored by IPS and its off­ tries like Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Salper has been complaining that her shoot, the Cambridge Policy Studies In­ Uruguay on the grounds that they are salary is less than that of male IPS staff­ stitute; Sandra Levinson, a strident Cas­ authoritarian. Yet in each of those ers, and some of her colleagues claim troite now active with a Cuban propa­ countries, the authoritarianism was a that her taking credit for "Son of Lino­ ganda outlet in New York City called witz" which Abe Lowenthal actually the Center for Cuban Studies; James survival response against aggression Petras who combines support of Castro in the form of subversion, terrorism wrote is an effort to appear more active and earn a raise. with his Trotskyism; and Saul Landau, and attempted civil war instigated active in support of the Cuban Commu­ by the Marxist-Leninists with Cuban Abraham F. Lowenthal, director of the Latin American program at the Wood­ nists since the 1960's, an IPS fellow, and backing. In each of those countries with Orlando Letelier codirector of IPS's there is economic freedom, the right row Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C., was from Transnational Institute. to own privata property, businesses, and Fagen was a recipient of Ford Founda­ land, freedom of worship, and the right 1974 through December 31, 1976, acting director and then director of studies at tion grants in 1967-68, 1969, and 1972- to travel or to emigrate to another 73 during which period he lived in Chile country. There are varying amounts of the Council on Foreign Relations. Lowenthal was "special consultant" to as a "consultant" under the Marxist Al­ press censorship in political and national lende regime. security areas. There are varying the Linowitz Commission and in fact was the author of the IPS/TN! report. In 1967 Fagen was a founding sponsor amounts of political freedom but the of the U.S. Committee for Justice to various Communist and rev~lutionary In a broadcast interview last week, Lowenthal first argued that diplomatic Latin American Political Prisoners­ groups which had been involved in the USLA-a front of the Trotskyite Com­ subversion and terrorism are banned. and trade relations with Cuba would benefit U.S. businessmen and the U.S. munist Socialist Workers Party, the U.S. In each of these countries the individ­ section of the Fourth International ual has many more freedoms than exist economy. However, under questioning, Lowenthal admitted that the potential which has organized the training of in any Communist regime whether it be Latin American Trotskyites as terrorists C?ba, the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, or Cuban market was small and quite insig­ nificant with regard to the U.S. economy by the Cubans since 1962. USLA's func­ VIetnam. tion is to provide support to arrested Nevertheless, the United States is asked and balance of payments deficit. Pressed to cut off security assistance, forbid arms further, Lowenthal admitted that the members of revolutionary groups. Fagen sales, and end economic arrangements­ real Cuban questions were "r:-olitical." has retained his Trotskyite contacts. in effect, to apply pressure in support of Guy F. Erb, senior fellow, Overseas De­ serving as a USLA "honorary" execu­ the Communist revolutionaries-while velopment Council, who has urged that tive board member in 1974 and in July establishing relations and providing aid the U.S. Congress not "jeopardize" 1976 signing a letter protesting the Peru­ and economic assistance to that festering detente with the USSR by tying com- vian Government's expulsion of the March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6777 Trotskyite terrorist Hugo Blanco, a Locker and NACLA were among the devised for 1977, the penalty for that leader of the Fourth International. first of the Castroite New Leftists to couple was increased to $840. At this Fagen has been active in the agitation understand the value of detailed research rate, maybe churches should devise a against the non-Communist government and analysis of U.S. Government agen­ way to sanction a marriage under God of Chile which deposed Allende in 1973. cies and businesses to the revolutionary and simply ignore the legal sanction. He was a sponsor of the second Chile left. The range of NACLA interests is This way, the laws of God are satisfied, Solida.rity Conference in 1975 organized from the security practices at the plants and the couple can continue to file as by the Communist Party, U.S.A. con­ of U.S. defense contractors and other single taxpayers. trolled National Coordinating Center in vital businesses to negotiations with Although th~ aforementioned is bad Solidarity with Chile and in which many Third World countries for development enough, probably the worse part of this Castroites are also active. of resources, and the economics of Amer­ bill is the unbelievable plan the commit­ In July 1975 and again in 1976, Fagen ican bases in the Caribbean. tee devised for distributing $50 to certain was a sponsor of the Venceremos Bri­ The value of a sophisticated industrial lucky Americans. Please note that I did gade's yearly celebration of the Cuban research organization operating full not say "rebate" or "taxpayers" because Communist July 26 holiday, and in 1975 time with full access to the publicly fully 28 percent of the proposed handout signed a letter inviting Melba Hernandez, available data in the United States to goes to tndividuals who had no tax liabil­ a Cuban Communist leader active in the other countries in competition for inter­ ity. But that is not even the worst. Under World Peace Council's terrorist support national markets is obvious. However, not this bill, a single person earning $25,000 programs, to speak at the New York City all of NACLA's information is derived a year can plan on a $50 check this June. rally. Fagen is a sponsor of the Cuba Re­ from public sources and some of it is A family of four who lives on $25,000 a source Center, a propaganda mill which obtained by subterfuge. year can plan on $200. However, a family works closely with the Venceremos Bri­ Locker is currently president of Cor­ of 10 whose income is only $5,000 more gade and the Center for Cuban Studies. porate Data Exchange, Inc., which has can forget it because they are not going Fagen is a supporter of the North its office in room 706, 198 Broadway, New to get one red cent. Unbelievable. I am American Congress on Latin America­ York, N.Y. 10038-212/962-2980. Formed told that the committee was looking for NACLA-established from the SDS Rad­ in 1975 and closely associated with the a simple plan to feed money into the ical Education Project and characterized National Council of Churches' Corporate economy in a hurry. Well I have got to frankly by the SDS leadership as the in­ Information Center, Locker's CDE re­ give them credit, because this plan is telligence-gathering arm of the revolu­ searches stock ownership of major com­ certainly simple. tionary left. NACLA staffers have very panies so that radical activist groups can close ties to the Cuban regime, and CIA apply economic pressure against busi­ turncoat Philip Agee credited NACLA nesses with investments abroad more THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE along with members of the Cuban Com­ easily. PROGRAM munist Party with having aided him in Credit for the "Son of Linowitz" IPS/ producing his book. Said Fagen of TNI report is also given to Robert Bond, HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II NACLA "long before the Establishment a member of the staff of the Council on press and Congress took note, NACLA Foreign Relations; Joan Lipton of the OF vrEST VIRGINIA understood what was happening ln Chile University of Texas at Austin; Mark IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and why.'' Mrs. Patricia Fagen was active Schneider of the office of Senator Tuesday, March 8, 1977 in the Emergency Committee to Aid Latin EDWARD M. KENNEDY for his "pertinent Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, today I American Scholars headed by Riordan observations;" IPS codirectors Marcus have introduced legislation which will Roett. Raskin and Richard Barnet; and two amend the National Flood Insurance Act Richard R. Fagen is currently a mem­ staffers on the IPS Latin American Unit, cf 1968 for the purpose of extending the ber of the Board of Trustees of the Coun­ Marcia Grandon and Waldo Fortin. program and raising the amounts of cil on Hemispheric Affairs-COHA-as I find it disturbing and significant that coverage available to family home­ are Institute for Policy Studies codirec­ Americans in influential government and owners and businesses. tor Richard Barnet, Fund for Peace academic positions are working to pro­ The present coverage under the pro­ president, Nicholas Nyary, Ernest Chanes mote U.S. foreign policy changes in Latin gram is $35,000 on a single family of the National Emergency Civil Liber­ America with Castroite intelligence­ dwelling and $100,000 on all other types ties Committee-NECLC-and others in­ gathering organizations like NACLA; of buildings. volved with attempts to manipulate the and that their views coincide in a number My legislation will allow the Secretary academic and political communities. of areas with those of Cuban intelligence of Labor to increase the amounts of Michael Locker, with IPS/TNI fellow agents like Orlando Letelier with whom coverage as it is reflected by any in­ Michael Klare who has recently been lec­ they have been in contact. The activities crease in the cost of building materials turing on U.S. arms policies to the of the Cuban DGI spy agency in this and in wages paid to construction USSR's World Peace Council, the Fund country are long overdue for investiga­ worl{ers. for Peace in Washington, and at the Uni­ tion by this body, and I recommend such Also the legislation will extend the versity of Havana, Locker was a founder an investigation be commenced immedi­ program to September 1979. of the North American Congress on Latin ately. Communities eligible in the Fourth America-NACLA. District of West Virginia are: Cabell In his anti-CIA expose, "Inside the County-Barboursville, Milton, Hunt­ Company," Philip Agee states the book THE NATIONAL RIP-OFF ACT ington; Logan County-Chapmanville, could not have been written without the Logan, Man, Mitchell Heights, West encouragement of representatives of the HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. Logan; Wayne County-Ceredo, Fort Communist Party of Cuba, the resources OF CALIFORNIA Gay, Kenova, Wayne; Mingo County­ of the Cuban Government, and informa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Delbarton, Gilbert, Kermit, Ma tewin, tion provided by John Gerassi, Nicole Williamson; Raleigh County-Beckley, Szulc, and Michael Locker of the North Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Lester, Sophia, Rhodell; Wyoming American Congress on Latin America. Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, this County-Mullens, Oceana, Pineville; In the U.S. edition of Agee's book, all bill ought to be renamed the National McDowell County-Anawalt, Davy, mention of Locker is omitted. Divorce Act or perhaps the National Vaeger, Keystone, Kimball, Northfork, Locker has been a sponsor of the Tri­ Experimental Tax Act, or better still, War, Welch; Mercer County-Bluefield, continental Information Center which the National Rip-off Act. Bramwell, Matoaka, Oakvale, Prince­ disseminated Cuban materials supporting Why the National Divorce Act? Under ton. revolutionary armed struggle and terror­ this bill, the committee has actually in­ Mr. Speaker, West Virginia families ism; a founding sponsor of the Trotsky­ creased the already inequitable tax pen­ are being faced with the possibility of ite U.S. Committee for Justice to Latin alty for married couples who both work. record flooding this spring when the American Political Prisoners-USLA­ As an example, the 1976 tax penalty for snows and ice of this harsh winter are and is active in the leadership of the a married couple who earned $15,000 a melted by the warm temperatures ann Cuba Resource Center. year each was $794. Under the tax tables rains. 6778 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 Now is the time to act, not after flood­ of the Board of Registry might somehow a time for the professions heavily involved in ing has occurred, the families of West constitute an impropriety. the medical clinical laboratory to remain co­ ASMT further cites a 1975 position state­ operative and of single purpose, it is now. Virginia need Congress help now. I urge ment, which was part of the ASMT Future Further splintering can only confuse the my fellow colleagues to support this leg­ Directions Program, and in 1976 became government and public, with less under­ islation. action by their House of Delegates emphasiz­ standing and acceptance of the legitimate ing that organization's commitment to estab­ needs of the medical laboratory professions. lishing an "autonomous certification agency Finally, the ASCP regrets that ASMT feels AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL with representation from, but not limited to, it must withdraw because of the current TECHNOLOGY WITHDRAWS ITS ASMT and ASCP." inquiry by the Federal Trade Commission. REPRESENTATION ON ASCP The officers and Board of ASMT apparent­ The FTC has issued subpoenas to some 40 BOARD OF REGISTRY ly feel that the policy discussions with ASCP medical Epecialty societies. This proceeding regarding the Board of Registry, which have is purely ln its preliminary stages. ASMT's been ongoing for the last year, were not pro­ withdrawal apparently placed substantial HON. ROBERT W. DANIEL, JR. gressing rapidly enough. ASCP was making a reliance on this FTC matter, as their an­ OF VmGINIA strong commitment to these policy discus­ nouncement stated, "This action was neces­ sions. The roles of the two Societies, as well sary to prevent the society from being placed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as possible changes in the Board of Registry in legal jeopardy." We are advised that the Tuesday, March 8, 1977 have been discussed, and reorganization pro­ Federal Trade Commission is conducting a posals have been drawn up. In view of thorough investigation into the ASMT files. Mr. ROBERT W. DANIEL, JR. Mr. ASMT's announcement that they have been It is unfortunate that the impression has Speaker, one of my constituents, George involved in planning for this new certifying been left that this investigation is one of the J. Carroll, M.D., of Suffolk, Va., is agency for the past five years, one must ques­ reasons for ASMT's withdrawal. presently serving as president of the tion whether ASMT's officers and Board took Furthermore, the comments of John F. American Society of Clinical Pathol­ seriously our commitment to arrive at mu­ Sembower, Esq., ASMT's legal counsel, as ogists, a professional medical society, in tually satisfactory policy relationships re­ communicated to the ASMT president and garding the Bo:»rd of Registry. ASMT has now which have been given wide circulation, existence since 1922. One of the best announced the establishment of its own "in­ suggest that another reason why he endorsed known and most highly respected activi­ dependent certification agency", which it the proposed withdrawal statement was the ties of this organization is its board of refers to as "a certification agency designed 1967 investigation of the Department of registry, which certifies clinical labora­ by and for laboratory professions". Justice of ASCP, ASMT, and the College of tory personnel. It is apparent that ASMT made this move American Pathologists. It is unfortuhate The American Society of Clinical with some planning and consideration. This that Mr. Sembower did not point out that Pathologists is holding its national meet­ 1s evidenced by the 1975 Future Directions after the thorough investigation by the De­ ing this week in Miami Beach, Fla.r and Statement and their announcement of plans partment of Justice in 1967, in which ASCP to have a certification examination by sum­ fully cooperated, no charges were filed one of the matters to be discussed at that mer of this year. I sincerely hope that all against ASCP. meeting is the recent action by the Amer­ factors have been carefully considered and The American Society for Medical Tech­ ican Society for Medical Technology to all the possible ramifications of this action nology has stated that "the profession will withdraw its representation on the board havo been examined. now have the opportunity to benefit from of registry. The ASMT is involved in the A wide proliferation or certification agen­ a certification system designed to meet cre­ establishment of another certification cies within the medical laboratory field can dentialing needs." The profession has had agency. My constituent, Dr. Carroll, re­ only weaken the significance of all certifica­ the benefits of such a system since the estab­ tion and ultimately will weaken the profes­ cently issued, on behalf of the organiza­ lishment of the ASCP Board of Registry in sions themselves. Board of Registry certifi­ 1928. It is our intention to continue the tion he heads, a statement regarding this cation, particularly for the medical technol­ Board's operation as we have for 48 years. action. Because the clinical laboratory cgist, is respected not only in this country Examinations will be given as usual and occupies such an important position in but throughout the world. The ASCP certi­ there will be no change other than the fact the delivery of quality health care to our fication is a mark of excellence and- attests that the technologists sitting on the Board citizens, I would like to share with my to high competence. It represents quality and and its many examination committees will colleagues the text of Dr. Carroll's credibility to the general public, all levels of no longer officially represent ASMT. Appli­ government, laboratory professionals and cants for any category of certifying examina­ statement: physicians. STATEMENT OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF tion offered by the ASCP Board of Registry The Board of Registry has gained this re­ should submit their application in accord­ CLINICAL PATHOLOGISTS REGARDING THE spect and prestige over 48 years through the DECISION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR ance with established and published pro­ efforts of qualified, hard-working and dedi­ cedure. MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY To WITHDRAW FROM cated persons in ASCP and ASMT. Important THE ASCP BOARD OF REGISTRY In keeping with ASCP's desire to make the relationships have been established with Board responsive to the needs of the regis­ The American Society of Clinical Pathol­ organizations such as the American Asso:::ia­ trants, changes and improvements will be ogists ha.s been advised by the President of tion of Blood Banks, National Registry for made as deemed necessary. after careful con­ the American Society for Medical Technology Clinical Chemistry, the American Academy of sideration. Our commitment to progress for that ASMT has withdrawn its representatives Microbiology. the Society of Nuclear Medi­ the Board is evidenced by our concern with to the ASCP Board of Registry effective cine-Technology Section, the American such research projects as: ( 1) Development January 17, 1977, and will no longer partic­ Society of Hematology, the American Society of criterion-referenced, competency-based ipate in its operation. of Cytology, and the National Society for examinations and evaluations systems; (2) The ASCP-ASMT relationship on the Histotechnology. These organizations add Development of multiple pathways to cer­ Board of Registry has been a long and stature, provide valuable input to ex­ tification as a technician in the generalist productive one. ASMT has been represented amination content and are a:::tive in the area; and (3) Development of appropriate on the ASCP Board of Registry since 1940, development of criterion-reference examina­ recertification/continued competency assess­ and has had full voting membership for tions. The Board of Registry's experience and ment instruments. 28 years. At the time of their withdrawal, high level capabilities in constructing, vali­ We deeply regret that ASMT does not wish they had equal representation and the im­ dating and administering examinations and to continue In its participation in the ac­ mediate past chairperson of the Board was in certifying personnel, has led to a strong tivities of the Board of Registry, or In this an ASCP-certified medical technologist, leadership role on the steering committee representing the ASMT. Considering this long for the establishment of a National Commis­ commitment to the Board's progress. association, as well as the possiblllty of mis­ sion for Health Credentlaling Agencies. understanding of the status of the Board of Evolving programs include periodic self­ Registry as a result of this action, I believe asse!;sment, assessment-directed continuing that a policy statement by ASCP is in order. education, on-job evaluation and competency A CZECH HERO I want to begin this statement by em­ evaluation. These programs are ready for phasizing that the Board of Registry wm implementation. It is unrealistic to believe continue its examinations and all other that this capability, this type of leadership, HO . JAMES J. DELANEY activities as scheduled, with no interruption. this respect and prestige, will be attained OF NEW YORK ASMT has given as a reason for its with­ by a new certifying agency in the foreseeable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES drawal a recent communication from the future. Federal Trade Commission, which is part of Any new agency will be costly and an in­ Tuesday, March 8. 1977 a massive inquiry directed to all professional creased financial burden for the societies and Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, yesterday organizations within the health community. the individual technologists involved. More In view of this inquiry, ASMT suggests that important, however, it will be divisive and marked the 127th anniversary of the Its continued participation in the activities unnecessarily duplicative. If there ever was birth of one of Europe's greatest scholars March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6779 and statesmen-Thomas G. Masaryk. It the United Nations High Commissioner for ities by both sidees, and the breakdown of was he who, with his student Eduardo Refugees (UNHCR) in cooperation with the so:.i:J.l services, have led to the displacement United Nations International Children's Ed­ of a very large portion of the population. Benes, founded the modern Czecho­ ucational Fund (UNICEF), the World Eard data a re extre!nely diflicult to obtain, slovakian nation in 1918 after his people Health Organization (WHO), the World but most estimates agree that 500,000 out of had lived through over 300 years of ty­ Food Program (WFP), the Food and Agri­ the total population of 2.5 million, have rannical Hapsburg domination. It was he cultural Organization (FAO), and the In­ fled the country or have been forced to who served as Czechoslovakia's first ternational Red Cross. aban don their homes for more secure areas President. About 260,000 Cambodians, Laotians and of Lebanon. As early as 1891, in the Austro-Hun­ South Vietnamese fled a broad in 1975. Many Both Christians and Moslems have bean garian parliament, Masaryk was fighting Indochinese, mostly Vietname3e, were reset­ involved in this exodus. About 150,000 have tled in the U.S. and a smaller number found migrated within the country and most of for the rights of Slavic minority groups. homes in a variety of other countries. the rest have gone across the border into In 1917-18 he came to the United There are also more than 70,000 Indochi­ Syria. Of the remainder, thousands have States to seek our support and met per­ nese, mostly Laotians, in refugee camps in gone to Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, sonally with President Wilson. This led Thailand. The UNHCR, in cooperation with and Europe (particularly France). to an official declaration of sympathy for various voluntary agencies, has upgraded Many of those leaving the country have Czech goals and to the formal recognition conditions in the camps. Al"though the Thai some money or relatives abroad who can of the Republic by the Allied powers in government feels the refugees cannot be ab­ provide assistance. Syria has given aid to scrbed into Thai society, there are projects those coming there. In fact, the UN High the fall of 1918. underway to make the refugees agricultural­ Commissioner for Refugees has not clas­ To quote Masatyk's own words as he ly self-sufficient, creating "refugee villages" sified these people as refugees because, it is reminisced in 1928: out of refugee camps. believed, most of them will return when the In a sense, the United States is Czecho­ In Cambodia, hundreds of thousands of fighting diminishes. slovakia's foster parent. It is upon President people are being moved by the government, The greatest need is experienced by those Wilson's immortal charter of freedom, as em­ frequently at gunpoint, from one area of the still within Lebanon. Many are in makeshift bodied in his famous Fourteen Points, that country to another, according to Western camps and require blankets, clothing, shel­ the foundations of our State are laid. We intelligence sources and Cambodian refugees. ter and medicine. A great number of civilians have tried to pattern our young republic The regime's rationale for the move is to have also been wounded in the shooting. after our great sponsor. increase the rural work force. Even when the conflict ends, reconstruc­ Perhap:; the worst conditions are faced by tion will be costly and complex. Lebanon's When Tomas Masaryk died in 1937, the "boat people"-those Indochinese ref­ economy has been dependent on its position this coachman's son who became a "pres­ ugees refused temporary asylum by any as a Middle East financial and commercial idential liberator" was internationally country. They are forced to stay on board the center, supplying harbor, business and mid­ loved and respected. boats they u~:;ed to flee their homes or are dle-man services to the entire region. Tour­ Mr. Speaker,let us all remind ourselYes even ordered back out to sea, to wander from ism was also an important part of the of the living legacy of this Czech hero's port to port facL'15 the threat of typhoons. Lebanese economy. Disruption of all these There are already 2,600 such people a n d, since activities may have reached a level from dedication to the cause of freedom. May Asun coun tries refu~e to take in more ref­ which the economy might never recover. the spirit he constantly demonstrated­ ugees, most new escapees are findin3 them­ Outside aid will be, then, a necessity for the the spirit he passed through Benes to selves in this situation. foreseeable future. Dubcek and which is alive even today­ Outside Indochina, there are other recent The UNHCR appealed for $50 million in again liberate Czechoslovakia from the major dislocations. The aftermath of inde­ emergency relief in 1976. The U.S. Congress yoke of oppression. pendence struggles in Angola, Guinea-Bis­ has appropriated some $20 million for as­ S3.u and Mozambique, civil W3.r in Lebanon, sistance, mostly to the International Red the 1974 political con flict on Cyprus, the Cross and the American University of Beirut 1973 coup in Chile, and the struggle of the Hospital. THE WORLD REFUGEE SITUATION: Iraqi Kurds for self-determination have all In 1975, Sen. Kennedy charged the State created serious refu•.;ree situations. Department and Immigration and National­ A REPORT In addition, there are long-standing prob­ ization Service with "bureaucratic indiffer­ lems, not frequently publicized, which re­ ence" toward Lebanese seeking a U.S. haven. quire continued assistance by the interna­ However, the situation has clearly improved HON. EDWARD I. KOCH tional community. The UNHCR spends about since then. A number of special actions have OF NEW YORK 60 % of its regular budget for on-going ref­ been taken, including extending the visa IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES \.; gee pro3rams in Africa. Refugees from East­ of Lebanese now in this country, cutting red ern Eur;)pe and the Soviet Union continue tape for visa applications, and utilizing pa­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 to flee to the West. The year 1974 marked role program extensions. Several thousand Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, as a consist­ the •.;reatest influx of refugees from the Peo­ refugees have taken advantage of this offer. ent supporter of legislation and funds ples Republic of China to Ho:Jg Kong since Some 2700 stateless people, mostly As­ to aid refugees, it was extremely inter­ the early 1960s. Despite the reversal 9f the syrians and Armenians, who were caught in Hong Kong government's asylum policy in the fighting have also been helped by a esting to receive the U.S. Committee for that year and its replacement with a strict variety of agencies including the State De­ Refugees' "1977 World Refugee Survey deportation policy, the exodus did not cease partment, ICEM, UNHCR, and the National Report" which provides a background in 1975-76. For over a quarter of a century, Council of Churches. They were evacuated for understanding the problems of per­ relief has been provided for Palestine ref­ from Lebanon and 2300 of them have been sons displaced by warfare and social un­ ugees through the United Nations Relief and admitted to the United States. rest in many parts of the world. I am ap­ Works Agency for Palestine RefuP"ees LATIN AMERICA pending some excerpts from that report (UNRWA). However, a lal'IJ.: budget deficit The search by refugees for asylum in Latin which I feel will be of interest to my col­ and the civil war in Leb3.non have seriously America has come to resemble a game of leagues. These provide an overview of threatened UNRWA's operations. musical chairs. the world refugee situatioa; specific re­ LEBANON As military coups have overthrown sev­ ports on the situations in Lebanon, Latin Lebanon has amply proven ~he axiom eral governments in South America, oppo­ America, and Eastern Europe; back­ that civil wars are the bloodiest of all con­ nents of these regimes have fled to neigh­ flicts. Beginning in the summer of 1975, the boring countries. At first, when the leftist ground concerning the various interna­ government of Salvador Allende ruled Chile, tional conventions and organizations fighting has caused serious damage to the country's economic and social structures and thousands of political refugees from Brazil dealing with refugee problems; and a brought a tremendous amount of suffering and Bolivia came into the count:ry. wnen a summary of the U.S. Government role in to the Lebanec;e people. coup overthrew that elected government in caring for refugees: Tbe key issue in the war has been the September 1973, the right-wing military junta cracked down on these refugees. THE WORLD REFUGEE SITUATION: AN OVERVIEW relative proportion of political power to be Next, joined by thousands of Chileans, the held by the Christian and Moslem commu­ The most dramtic refugee story of 1975-76 refugee flow went to Peronist Argentina. Two is the result of a decade of war on the Indo­ nities. Yet there have also been a number of complicating factors, including Syrian in­ years later, this regime too was overthrown china peninsula. During the war, some ten by the mil1tary. The hunt for a fresh haven million persons were displaced at one time volvement and the presence of 200,000 Pales­ is now going on. or another in Vietnam. A quarter of the pop­ tinian refugees. The unwillingness of many South Ameri­ ulation of Laos, about 700,000 persons, was Although the number of armed men can governments to accept many refugees is also displaced along with large numbers of fighting is relatively small, the intensive due to the fact that many of them are iden­ Cambcxiians. battles in highly populated areas, indis­ tifi ed with the political left. Hence regimes Assistance to Indochina is coordinated by criminate use of artillery, looting and atroc· fear that they will engage in leftist activitie~ 6780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 within the country of asylum or prove an grate to West Germany. After a 1975 treaty, might be subjected to persecution. Yet this embarrassment in relations with their home 24,000 will be allowed to leave Poland annu­ principle only applies to persons already countries. ally up to a total of 125,000 people. West Ger­ within the territory of a contracting state About 4000 of the refugees In Argentina­ many, however, estimates that up to 280,000 and the Convention does not speclflcally mostly Chilean but including many Bolivians wish to depart. In addition, around 12,000 state the right of the refugees to be granted and Uruguayans-ha ve been resettled in 40 ethnic Germans are permitted to leave the asylum and the duties of states to admit host states. Of the remainder, 2000 have re­ USSR for West Germany each year. The Bonn them. ceived permanent work/residence permits in government says the number of those who In 1967, the United Nations General As­ Argentina, 6000 are being supported by aid desire to emigrate from the USSR is around sembly unanimously adopted the Declara­ from UNHCR and voluntary organizations, 300,000. tion on Territorial Asylum which articUlates and an additional 2000 are receiving no Easing of emigration restrictions in Poland the basic principle that asylum is a peaceful, assistance. and Romania have been matched, to some humanitarian act, and not to be regarded by Since a bloody guerrilla war between left extent, by East Germany in recent years, any state as an unfriendly act. It further and right wing terrorists has been going on though other East European states lag states that no person shall be subjected at In Argentina, inevitably some of the refu­ behind. the frontier, or, if he has already entered the gees have become targets. In June 1976, files There are also people still classified as refu­ territory in which he seeks asylum, expul­ were stolen from the offices of the leading gees from earlier waves of emigration. In sion, or compulsory return to any state where voluntary agency-a Catholic group-en­ France, for example, there are 17,000 people he may be subjected to persecution. This gaged in refugee work in Buenos Aires. Two from the USSR and 27,000 from Poland, Hun­ document, although not legally binding, days later, 24 of those on the aid lists were gary, Romania and Czechoslovakia stm given serves to crystallize internationally certain kidnapped and tortured by rightist armed that status. principles regarding territorial asylum. These principles have been adopted on a regional groups. INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION Understandably, UNHCR has made reset­ basis in the 1969 Organization for African tlement of the refugees stranded in Argen­ Office of the United Nations High Commis­ Unity Convention on the Specific Aspects of tina a high priority. sioner of Refugees (UNHCR) Refugee Problems in Africa. Throe thousand Chilean refugees have suc­ The first international assistance to refu­ The U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees ce<:..sfully transitted through Peru to resettle­ gees began under the a.nnpices of the League has stated that the adoption of an interna­ ment in other countries. Only a very small of Na.tions in 1921, with the appointment of tional convention on territorial asylum would percentage have been given permanent Fridjof Nansen as High Commissioner for "contribute to the strict observance of the asylum there. Refugees. This assistance consisted of legal principles of asylum and non-expulsion on About 10,000 more Chileans have been protection and immediate re!ief and resettle­ a more universal basis than heretofore." granted asylum in a wide variety of Latin ment programs. During the following three UNHCR reports from 1974 to 1976 have called American countries, particularly in Mexico. decades intergover11n1enta1 committees were attention to serious problems regarding Some controversy developed over whether created to deal with refugee problems as they asylum. the U.S. would take some of the refugees in, arise. The need for a legally binding interna­ particularly given U.S. support for the a.ntt­ Before the establishment of the United tional instrument on territorial asylum is Allende coup. A number have been admit­ Nations High Commissioner (UNHCR) for greater than ever and a Diplomatic Confer• ted, but congressional pressure sought to ex­ Refugees, first the United Nations Relief ence was held from January 10 to February 4. tend parole status. The Justice Department and Rehab111ta.tion Administration (UNRRA) 1977 in Geneva to consider a Convention on is considering admission of 200 refugees each and later the International Refugee Organi­ Territorial Asylum. from Argentina and Uruguay. zation (IRO) were entrusted with the man­ Ellgib11ity Determination EASTERN EUROPE date to take care of both refugees and dis­ The determination of eligib111ty of re• The main refugee problem in Europe re­ placed persons. fugee status is often made "ad hoc" because The UNHCR began its work within the no formal administrative procedures have mains the steady flow of people from the framework of i'efugee groups who fulfilled been adopted by states adhering to the 1951 USSR and Eastern Europe to the West. the definitional requirements of its Statute. This is a. unique refugee situation. Here, Convention and 1967 Protocol. Even if such the people in question want to leave their At the time, most of the world's refugees a procedure is established an official, in many home country, but they are often held back were from Europe. In recent years, however, cases, is free to interpret and apply judicial by the government. In general, only those refugee situations have been created in vir­ criteria. are allowed to leave who can claim another tually all cornt'rs of the globe, many outside The Office of the UNHCR has encouraged nation-Jews to Israel and ethnic Germans the specified activities of the UNHCR. nations to establish official commissions to In 1959, the United Nations General Assem­ to West Germany-plus a small number of apply the legal criteria contained in the 1951 bly passed resolution authorizing the High dissidents whom the state wishes to elimi­ a Convention and 1967 Protocol. Commissioner to use his good oftices in the nate from political life. Dr. Paul Wets, former head of the Legal At times of crisis, there has been an out­ transmission of contribution for assistance Division of UNHCR, has recommended that to refugees outside the limitations of the pouring of refugees, as after the 1956 Hun­ formal procedures be established in Con• Statute. garian revolt and the 1968 Soviet invasion tracting States where they do not already Such special assistance activities in the sev­ of Czechoslavakia. Yet the steady, if less exist, along with safeguards of due process publicized, population movements are also enties include (1) the airlift of 250,000 refu­ and right of appeal. It is also recommended gees, resulting from the independence of that determination of ellgiblllty be made by sizeable. Bangladesh, across the Asian subcontinent. Between 1972 and 1976, over 100,000 Jews a collegiate body and not by a single ofticial, left Russia, mostly for Israel, although about (2) repatriation assistance to Guinea-Bissau especially 1! this official is a member of th• and Mozambique and (3) coordination of hu­ 10,000 came to the U.S. during that period. police, security or immigration agencies. manitarian assistance to displaced persons Emigration reached a. peak of 35,000 in 1973, Regarding "de facto" refugees, those who in Cyprus, Southeast Asia, and Angola. do not meet the specific requirements for declined to 20,634 in 1974, and decreased to In S'lme respects, the special programs of around 13,000 each in 1975 and 1976. refugee status contained in the Convention the UNHCR have signaled a return to the and Protocol, Dr. Weis suggests that appro­ The refugee level is determined not so original concepts adopted by the United Na­ much by the individual wills of those wishing priate bodies consider extending the mint• tions at a time when its activities covered mum standards of the 1951 Convention to to leave as by the Kremlin's wtllingness to uprooted persons as a whole. raise-or lower-emigration quotas. Appli­ include those who have left their country of Starting 1n 1971 for a period of five years, cants for exit visas are virtually assured of origin for serious reasons without fulfilling the annual regular program of material as­ the condition o! a "well-founded fear of per­ losing their jobs, of being subjected to social sistance required an input of some $60 mil­ ostracism, and sometimes to arrest or im­ secution." lion. By comparison, contributions for the Family Unity prisonment. To become a refugee at all, then, UNHCR's special humanitarian task amount­ is something of a. "privilege." It 1s estimated In many refugee cases, family members are ed to over $350 million during the same time that 150,000 Jews are awaiting permission to period. often separated for a number of years. This go, a process often taking years. leads to a great deal of human suffering and A: similar, though more tolerant, situation Special areas of concern: Asylum, el!gibility, serious economic, social and psychological exists in Romania, from which around 12,000 acquisition of nationality and family problems arise when mlnor children or aged Jews have emigrated between 1973 and 1976. unity parents are deprived of family support. The Romania has met U.S. requirements for Asylum Final Act of the Conference of Plenipoten­ "most favored nation" status in trade rela­ The Universal Declaration of lluman tiaries on the Status of Refugees and State­ tions. The Jackson-Vantk Amendment tied Rights states that everyone has the right less Persons recommended that Governments these benefits to an easing of emigration to "seek and enjoy in other countries, asylum take the necessary measures for the protec­ policy.· from persecution." It does not, however, pro­ tion of the refugee's family, wlth a view to The U.S. has also appropriated money for vide for the right to be granted asylum. assuring its unity, especially ln cases where resettllng Jewish refugees in Israel and, in The 1951 Convention relating to the status the head of the family has fulfilled the 1975, accepted about 5200 people for resi­ of refugees contains the principle of non­ necessary conditions for admission to a par­ dence here. re!oulement, whereby no refugee within the ticular country. Ethnic Germans, primarily from the USSR territory of a Contracting State may be ex­ At the 1975 Conference on Security and and Poland, have also been allowed to emi- pelled or returned to a country where he Cooperation in Europe in Helsinki, thirty- March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6781 five heads of state adopted the following Services Committee's Manpower Sub­ petition from developing countries, as declaration: "The participating States will committee expressing criticism of the well as increased social demands. Last deal in a. positive and humanitarian spirit All-Volunteer Army received a good deal year, for the first time since 1954, the with the applications of persons who wish to of publicity. The report was prepared by Virgin Islands was forced to seek Fed­ be reunited with members of their fam111es a business administration professor at eral assistance in order to balance its with special attention being given to re­ budget and to provide a minimum level quests of urgent character-such as requests the University of Pittsburgh, William submitted by persons who are old and Ul." King. of public services. The UNHCR, Red Cross and Red Crescent Professor King's analysis has been In order to help bring the off -shore Societies, and the Intergovernmental Com­ strongly disputed by the head o.f Army areas back to fiscal health and to help mittee for European Migration (ICEM) are recruiting for Wisconsin and upper make them self -supporting once again, working t o implement this declaration. Michigan, Col. Robert Ainsworth. "The I have written to the President requesting THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND REFUGEES active army has been tremendously suc­ that he set up a Presidential Commission Since World War II, the United States has cessful beyond our fondest hopes in both charged with investigating the unique provided over $3 billion in refugee assistance quality and quantity," Colonel Ainsworth economic and social problems of these and accepted some 1.8 million refugees as told the Milwaukee Sentinel on March 4. areas and making appropriate recom­ immigrants. In 1975 more than 130,000 Indochinese The colonel backed up his statement mendations to assure their continued refugees, mostly Vietnamese, fled their war­ by citing decreases in the number of progress under the American flag. I would torn land to begin a new life in the U.S. An "lower mental category" volunteers and like to take this opportunity to share this additional 3,400 Laotians and 11,000 Indo­ increases in the number of high school letter with my colleagues: chinese from refugee camps in ThaUand en­ diploma volunteers. His statement is an­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tered the U.S. in 1976. A special task force other clear indication that the facts are Washington, D.C., March 4, 1977. under the Department of Health, Education on the side of the Volunteer Army. President JIMMY CARTER, and Welfare has been set up to facilitate White House, their resettlement in the U.S. Because of the importance of Colonel Ainsworth's statement, I am today in­ Washington, D .C. Perhaps the mass migration of Indochinese DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I am respectfully was the most dramatic refugee operation the serting it into the REcoRD. writing to request your support for the cre­ U.S. Government undertook in 1975-76 but The article follows: ation of a Presidential Commission charged it was not the only one. During this same [From the Milwaukee Sentinel, Mar. 4, 1977] with investigating the unique economic and period some 1,600 ChUean refugees, many of RECRUITER CALLS ARMY A SUCCESS social problems of the off-shore territories of whom had been in detention since the 1973 The head of Army recruiting for Wisconsin the United States and making appropriate coup, entered the U.S. The U.S. Government recommendations to assure their continued has also agreed to accept an additional 200 and Upper Michigan Thursday disputed a congressional report that characterized the progress under the American flag. I would Chilean refugees who have been endangered hope that such a commission would parallel by serious violations of refugee rights as a all-volunteer Army as a failure. "The active army has been tremendously the task of the one most recently recom­ result of events in Argentina. As in the case mended by the Government of Puerto Rico, of Indochinese refugees, ChUeans are ad­ successful beyond our fondest hopes in both quallty and quantity," said Col. Robert Ains­ but I must stress that while there are s1m1- mitted to the U.S. on a "parole basis." larit1es in our situation, there are significant About 2,000 Cuban refugees came to the worth. He was responding to the analysis of a differences as well. U.S. from Spain in the past year. Some are As you may know, Congress unanimously eligible for resettlement assistance !rom the report prepared for the Senate Armed Serv­ enact~d legislation last year authorizing the Cuban Refugee Program which currently ices manpower subcommitt~. which called for a back-up draft. The report labeled the people of the Virgin Islands and Guam to benefits some 29,000 persons with cash as­ write their own constitutions, thus providing sistance. all-volunteer Army a "sinking ship" full of misfits. for the fullest measure of internal self­ In the Middle East, the majority of 2,700 government in their relationship with the stateless Armenians and Assyrians who fled "I don't know where he got his statistics, but I don't agree with him," Ainsworth said United States. While this legislation, which the fighting in Lebanon to safe havens in affirms the fundamental principle of gov­ Greece are being settled in the U.S. along of William R. King, professor of business ad­ ministration at the University of Pittsburgh ernment by consent of the governed, repre­ with a number of Lebanese who have fled sents a significant and far-reaching advance the war. and author of the report. Also some 400 Iraqi Kurds, defeated in their Ainsworth cited decreases in the number in our present situation, it must be empha­ 1974 struggle for autonomy, found new homes of "lower mental category" volunteers and sized that these constitutional documents in this country during 1976. increases in the number of high school wm not be addressed to the more difficult and Through the State Department's U.S. diploma volun~rs as proof of the success sensitive issue of Federal-Territorial rela­ Refugee Program, in cooperation with the of the all-volunteer Army. tions. Intergovernmental Committee for European The lower mental category decreased from In the original draft of the constitution Migration and voluntary agencies, the U.S. 20 % of 196,000 volunteers in 1974 to 8% legislation I introduced, I Included a. provi­ assisted in the resettlement of some 5,500 of 192,000 in 1976, he said. High school grad­ sion for the establishment of a commission to study all aspects of the relationship of Eastern European refugees in W~stern Euro­ uate volunteers Increased from 78,000 to pean countries. Also, some 14,000 Jews from 91 ,000 during the same period. the laws and Government of the Virgin Is­ the Soviet Union were given migration assist­ According to Ainsworth. the all-volunteer lands to the laws and Government of the ance to Israel and other countries. Army has been above 100% each year since United States, and to submit to the Con­ In addition, the State Department operates its beginning. The Wisconsin-Upper Mich­ gress appropriate recommendations based a Far East Refugee program which assists igan District has run "around the 90% mark" thereon. Recognizlng, however, the inherent refugees in Hong Kong and an educational during that time but "we get a higher per­ complexity of the question of Federal rela­ asssistance program for minority students centage of diploma volunteers," he said. tions, it was decided to separate the two is­ from Southern Africa. Ainsworth also noted that the report could sues 1n the interest of quick legislative ac­ The U.S. Department also cooperates with possibly have relied heavily on first quar­ tion. The speed, as well as the unanimity, the Office of the United Nations High Com­ ter statistics, which were down slightly. with which the Congress moved to grant the missioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Peak volunteer periods occur following people of the off-shore areas the authority to Nations Relief and Works Agency for Pales­ midterm and June graduations, he explained. organize their own governments has, I think, tine Refugees (UNRWA), and the Intergov­ Spokesmen for the Navy and Air Force borne out the correctness of this course. ernmental Committee for European Migra­ declined to comment on the congressional With the Legislature of the Virgin Islands tion (ICEM). Only in such a spirit of partner­ report. moving expeditiously to call a. constitutional ship can permanent solutions be found to the convention pursuant to the above authority problems of the world's refug~s. sometime this Spring, I believe the time has VIRGIN ISLANDS SEEKS HELP TO now come to address those problems which BALANCE ITS BUDGET cannot be specifically resolved in the con­ RECRUITER CALLS ARMY A stitution itself. SUCCESS Since It was purchased by the United HON. RON DE LUGO States in 1917 and first administered by the Department of the Navy, the Territory of the OF T~ VmGIN ISLANDS HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER Virgin Islands has achieved important and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES almost continuous economic, political and OF WISCONSIN Tuesday, March 8, 1977 social progress. In 1936, Congress enacted the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES first Organic Act for the Virgin Islands, Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, the econ­ Tuesday. March 8, 1977 which provided for a greater degree of self­ omies of our off-shore territ<>ries have government, a comprehensive revision of the Mr. STEIGER. Mr. Speaker, last week been ravaged in recent years by b1fta­ Colonial Dane Law of 1906, and many of a report prepared for the Senate Armed tion, dollar devaluation, increased com- the constitutional protections which most CXXIII--427-Part 6 6782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 Americans take for granted. In 1954, Con­ essay entitled "The Land of Golden Op­ choices provided us in juries, poll1ng booths gress enacted a comprehensive revision of the portunity." I respectfully request that and the marketplace, we are given infinite Organic Act, which provided for additional her essay be printed in the REcoRD: opportunity to influence the course of our measures of self-government and contained nation. But just a-s a civ1llza.tion can be a number of fiscal provisions designed to as­ "The Land of Golden Opportunity." For traced back to a. single set of parents, so sist the local economy and to make the Ter­ people all over the world, this phrase seems can this multitude of freedoms and guar­ ritory self-supporting. I should add that, synonymous with The United States of Amer­ anteed rights be traced back to the singula.r, until 1954, the Virgin Islands Government ica. And with good reason. Equal opportunity most important ideal of all-equality of op­ had to make an annual pilgrimage to Wash­ has been the underlying ideal which has dis­ portunity. ington to request "Federal Deficit Appropri­ tinguished our country for more than 200 This ideal is what our country is founded ations" to meet its fiscal obligations. years. This is the base upon which our struc­ on, what we are envied for and renowned for ture of democratic principles is built and the These changes resulted in unprecedented ... and this ... is what America means prosperity for the Territory,,but recent years embryo that gave birth to the multitude of to me. have brought new problems and challenges. I freedoms we enjoy today. need not recite the litany of statistics that Throughout history, great men and women have supported this ideal. Well remembered describes our present situation, but suffice ZERO-BASE BUDGET INFORMATION it to say that unemployment remains intoler­ is Thomas Jefferson, who quoted, "We hold ably higher than the national average, per these truths to be self evident, that all men capita income has yet to achieve mainland are created equal." And following his exam­ HON. MAX BAUCUS standards, and a lagging economy continues ple, every leader of our nation has declared to nurture festering social ills. Last year, for equality between all citizens. OF MONTANA the first time since 1954, the Virgin Islands But what this concept spoke of was not an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES absolute equality. This kind of "equalitarian was forced to seek Federal assistance in or­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 der to balance its budget and to provide a utopia" is neither achievable, nor desirable. minimum level of public services. I believe No one person is born totally equal to an­ Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. Speaker, the Sub­ that these difficulties have been caused in other. Some are wealthier, brighter, prettier, bigger, smaller . . . and no two are exactly committee on HUD and Independent part by the gradual erosion of the benefits Agencies of the Appropriations Commit­ originally enacted by Congress in the Re­ the same. If they were, there would be vised Organic Act. Diminished by inflation, nothing to strive for; no chance to better tee will hold Congress first hearing on a dollar devaluation, increased competition one's self. Yet the ideal of equal opportunity zero-base budget next week. from developing countries, as well as new provides the hope for achievement that gives On Wednesday, March 16, the Con­ social demands, it is apparent that the leg­ us the courage to persevere. sumer Products Safety Commission will islation of the 1950's needs to be updated Our ancestors were seeking this equality be reviewed on the basis of their zero­ and adjusted to meet the requirements of when they first landed at Plymouth Rock. base budget submission. the 1970's and beyond. What they sought was the opportunity to worship freely, and they braved an impossible Because ZBB has proved strong con­ It is to this end that I believe a Presi­ gressional interests, I have been submit­ dential Commission composed of high level journey to find it. They could no longer live Federal officials representing different de­ in a country where advancement depended ting materials on the subject as back­ partments and agencies wlll best be able to on lineage or wealth and where opportunities ground. The following article is a thor­ serve. It would provide an important and were restricted to government sanction. When ough explanation of ZBB by one of its timely opportunity to review existing legis­ our forefathers fought a. revolution for inde­ leading proponents. In the near future, I lation and policies, and to make comprehen­ pendence from Great Britain, it was this that shall submit articles giving other sides of sive recommendations to assure that the they were fighting for. Our Constitution guaranteed equality, and although, it took the discussion. people of the Virgin Islands, as well as the The article follows: other off-shore areas, have the necessary re­ many years and two notable amendments, it was finally achieved-equality, regardless of THE ZERO-BASE APPROACH TO sources to meet the challenges of both the GOVERNMENT BUDGETING present and the future. race, creed, color or sex. But the American Revolution was not the (By Peter A. Pyhrr) I should like to stress that this Commis­ only battle fought for these aims. Thirty six (Abridged from the January/February 1~77 sion would not be charged with addressing years later, when England denied the United the question of political status. The peo­ issue of the Public Administration Revtew­ States equal trading opportunity, our fledg­ journal of the American Society for Public ple of the Virgin Islands have aftlrmed on a ling nation dogmatically stood its ground by number of occasions that the constitutional Administration.) declaring war on the world's most powerful Zero-base budgeting is nn emerging proc­ status of the Territory remain unchanged. country. And the War of 1812 is remembered However, as we begin the third century of our ess, which has been adopted by a. variety of because England grudgingly gave in, and individual organizations in many sectors of nation's existence, I believe that the estab­ withdrew trade barriers. lishment of a U.S. Territorial Commission the economy, as well as state and local gov­ It was for accomplishments like these that erments. will be a significant step forward in the re­ our country became known as the Land of lations of the United States with its off­ There are three key users of the zero-base Opportunity-a land of pride in the past, analysis in government: shore areas. devotion to the present, and most important I would be pleased to meet with you or 1. Legislative (Congress, state legislature, of all, hope for the future. city council) your designated representative at any time Thousands of people from every corner in order to discuss the specifics of this pro­ 2. Executive (President/OMB, governors, posal, which I hope will meet with your of the world believed that America was their mayor/city manager) approval and support. hope for the future, and they left their 3. Agency (agency director, program and With warmest personal regards, I remain homes, their countries, to seek a better life department managers). Sincerely, in this land. They rejected the social The focus of each user is obviously dif­ hierarchies, the kinds and dictators of their RON DELUGO, ferent, with the legislature requiring more Member of Congress. native lands, to accept the government "of summarization and focusing on public pri­ the people, by the people, and for the people" orities and objectives, the agencies requiring promised them in the United States. And more detailed information and focusing on when the immigrants came, they contributed program implementation and efficiency, and as much to our culture as they received. the executive straddling the needs of legisla­ VFW VOICE OF DEMOCRACY: THE Men like John Audubon, Albert Einstein, ture and agency. However, regardless of spe­ LAND OF GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY Alexander Graham Bell and Henry Kissinger cific information needs and focus, the legisla­ enriched us with their talents because they ture, executive, and agencies must all address were given the opportunity to do so I themselves to two basic questions: HON. MIKE McCORMACK The colonists brought with them another 1. Are the current activities emcient and trait--ur army from a Sparta dividual is unfortunately misguided to say of the Air Force officer corps. I have spent into an Athens. I have been told by some the least. Many, perhaps even the majority, three of the last :five years on exchange pro­ friends In the field that the discipline crisis of the younger Army and Air Force officers grams with blne-sulters and have listened continues unabated; others Teport that the whom I know are careerists. I know several attentively as they expressed their partiCUlar crisis has bottomed out and that the situa­ senior officer careerlsts too. It's a shame, but concerns. While I don't presume to be an ex­ tion is improving. I genuinely hope that the it's true. pert on the Air Force, I feel that I can at least latter is really the case. The moral character I do know a few professionals, however; comment effectively on the views of my con- and combat effectiveness of an Army depend and they are my closest associates. Call It March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6787 a clique if you will. We don't mind. We are like to draw you into your place in all of have been officers if you could not lead, and intent on the pursuit of the profession of this: if you col,lld not communicate, and if you could not infiuence opinions. I urge you to arms. All too often, soldiers view their job in We believe that the American Soldier, the narrow perspective of current conditions talk to your influential friends. Write letters. Sailor, Airman, or Marine deserves to be with no regard for how things got that way. Tell it ltke it is. For as goes the health of designated a professional. Overall, he has a We seem to take great delight in reinvent­ the profession of arms, so goes this Nation. proud tradition of service to his Nation. As ing the wheel every few years. Only since I a member of a uniformed service, he :nas have begun teaching military history at the dedicated himself to preparedness for war Air Force Academy have I really understood as he also pursues peace. He must com­ that there are lessons to be learned through DINGELL-BROYHILL AUTO EMIS­ petently manage or apply the tools of vio­ painful introspection and the study of his­ SION AGREEMENT REACHED lence to achieve his country's goals. The most tory. I went through the whole Vietnam war before I ever realized those traumatic times WITH UNITED AUTO WORKERS binding part of the soldier's contract is the UNION unlimited liab111ty clause-it is he who must were not aberrations, that those dramatic first lay his life on the line. It is not choice, moments were not "firsts" or "one of a kind", it is duty, once the oath is taken. No other but were really quite symptomatic of the American way of war. If we had cared enough HON. JOHN D. DINGELL profession can demand this ultimate sacrifice. OF MICHIGAN There is no room in our midst for careerists to look at history, we would have realized that the American involvement in Vietnam IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and we should eliminate them from our was the predictable culmination of definite ranks, and that word from our vocabulary. historical trends and events. Only recently Tuesday, March 8, 1977 The one feature which weakens the have I been able to compare the draft riots Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, Congress­ American military's status as a professional of the late 1960s to those in New York institution is our reluctance to continuously City in 1863. Had I examined history earlier, man JAMES T. BROYHILL of North Caro­ and effectively police our own ranks. We I would not have found it so surprising that lina and I have reached an agreement have, in the past few years, seen general the American people did not support such with Mr. Leonard Woodcock, president, officers and senior soldiers involved in Rll a far-way war. After all, in the winter of United Auto Workers Union, on auto­ sorts of disreputable, Ulegal behavior. We 1777-78, Philadelphians preferred to sell food mobile emission control standards for have seen all the wrath of a frustrated Army and supplies to the British for good money, model years 1978 and beyond. That descend on one young lieutenant-rightfully rather than take the worthless Continental so-but that lieutenant was certainly less currency that would have purchased suste­ agreement included the participation of than prepared to command troops on the nance for George Washington's starving Senators DoN RIEGLE and ROBERT GRIF­ morning he walked into My Lat. Surely, the troops at Valley Forge. FIN of Michigan. Legislation reflecting system bears the responsibility for his train­ I took for granted the typical American this agreement has been introduced as ing. Meanwhlle, the senior officers connected impatience to get on with the war, with little H.R. 444 and S. 919. with the same incident seem to have escaped, rt:~Jard for the people whose war it was to On March 1, 1977, the participants relatively unscathed. Scandals have occurred begin with. Had I known what I know now, I held a. news conference for this an­ in the other services too. Our dirty laundry could have compared the t}pical American ftaps in the breeze for all to see. We should nouncement and explanation of the attitude toward the Vietnamese with the at­ agreement. Elsewhere in the Extension hope that the people can quickly forget; we titude of most Americans at the turn of the officers cannot afford to forget. century toward the Cubans, Filipinos, and of Remarks for today is the statement Now, we can't do much about saving our HawaUans. I have only recently been able to delivered by Mr. Woodcock as he an­ benefits if Congress decides to take them draw valuable lessons on counter-guerrilla nounced the agreement. away. And we can't do much about there­ tactics from the Seminole Wars of the 1830s Included at this point in the RECORD is duction of our Armed Forces to the point and to realize that success in counter-in­ the statement I issued at the news con­ where we present a less than credible de­ terrent to the Russians. Little, that is, ex­ surgency is measured in political terms, not ference regarding -the auto emission cept tell the civilian lawmakers when and body count, weapons captured, or other su­ agreement and our joint efforts to go why we think they are wrong. But the three perficial military criteria. But in Vietnam forward to secure enactment in Con­ problems addressed herein are unique in nobody bothered to tell me that while I was gress: busy running up the body count I that they can be corrected within the Ameri­ STATEMENT BY THE HONORABLE JOHN D. can profession of arms. Here is where you come in. You were the professional warriors who saw to it that the DINGELL The entire military community is con­ I am very pleased to participate in this cerned about the breach of contract cur­ Kaiser, Hitler, Tojo, and the Chinese Reds rently underway regarding not only our bene­ didn't get to us during the last half-century, news conference today and in the agreement . fits such as Exchange and Commissary, but Surely you remember the loyal, effective · those of us at this table have reached on a also our pay and allowances. In short, we Corporal or Sergeant who handled your schedule of automobile emission control and those we command lay our lives on the troops and took care of you when the going standards for the model years 1978 and be­ llne. We deserve the "implied" benefits which was tou•Jh. Perhaps you will agree with Gen­ yond. we all considered when we signed on for the eral Ira Eaker when he recently listed his We have constructed a schedule of stand­ job. And I might add, we appreciate the ef­ two favorite quotations about the im­ ards that Congress should be able to move forts of the retired community in helping portance of leadership: ( 1) From an ancient forward expeditiously. I am urging that it be the representatives of the people of this great fable, "A ftock of sheep led by a lion w1ll adopted as promptly as possible. Nation to honor their contract with their always prevail over a pride of lions led by By this agreement we have strengthened defenders. a sheep" and (2) from Field Marshal A. P. and balanced from an environmental and At the. same time, we are incensed at the Wavell, "The more mechanical- become the energy conservation standpoint, both sched­ attacks on senior professional soldiers from weapons with which we fight, the less me­ ules of standards we have been advocating the press and Congress. Many of us see the chanical must be the spirit which controls to date. recent attacks on General Brown as vicious them." We in today's mllltary seem to forget · ·In· calling this news conference regarding calculated assaults on the credib1Uty of th~ what you learned and know to be correct. A this agreement today, we are also announcing mUitary. The uniform has been slandered few years back we even lost the chain of that Congressman Broyhill and I in the by dirty politics in an election year. We be­ command amongst a maze of hastily erected House and Senators Riegle and Gritftn in the Ueve that sort of thing hurts us and helps councils, boards, and committees. Senate, will shortly introduce this new the enemy. We are worried that we may As graduates of yea.rs of milltary experi­ schedule of emission standards in legisla­ have to play catch-up football in the next ence, perhaps you can help us to find ways tion and will be launching an active cam­ war, because of the naivete of our elected to make young officers belleve in their Na- · paign for enactment. This campaign will go officials, who seem to be oblivious to the tlon, their profession, and themselves as pro­ forward with efforts in the House and the realities of the Russian threat. By fanatical­ fessional soldiers with responsibility to Senate and in conjunction with Mr. Wood­ ly urging troop reductions and weapons match the benefits. You know the infiuential cock and the UA W. project cancellations such as new aircraft, The new legislation will_be an amendment cruise missiles, and the main battle tank people who run the services. You can per­ haps mention to those people that many to the 1970 Clean Air Act which both the they flirt with the llves of their own sons House and Senate committees now have un­ active duty officers are genuinely concerned and daughters. They are, as Clausewitz would der consideration, including the need !or re­ say," ... treading a slippery path upon which as to the health of their profe-ssion. Please vising auto emission regulations. the God of War may surprise [them) [They] do not hesitate to write in th"l warriors' trade Both Congressman Broyhill and I and Sen­ must always keep (their] eye(s) on the journals. Add your concerns to those of ours, ators Riegle and Gritftn previously this year enemy lest (they) have to defend (them­ it you feel the way we do. The fight to keep introduced a mobUe source emission control selves) with dress rapier(s) if the enemy benefits is one thing; far more important is bill, H.R. 2380 and S. 714, containing the takes up a sharp sword." the fight to keep this Nation properly armed D1ngelb-Broyh111 standards that the .House Now, in addressing the final issue I would and its soldiers bellevlng. You would not overwhelmingly adopted last fall, September 6788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 15th, 224 to 169. The Dingell-Broyhlll stand­ have accrued regardless o! when the 49-State Africa and the U.S.S.R. These are question­ ards, which had the support or the adminis­ standard is promulgated. able sources. This is a fact that could lead trator o! the environmental protection Present estimates for manufacturers indi­ to short supplies of rhodium, especially in agency, Mr. Russell Train, were regrettably cate that the iuel economy penalty of a .41 consideration of mass produced vehicles, 10- deleted in the ensuing House and Senate HC standard in 1980 is between 2 percent and milllon a year. conference report last year, a conference re­ 10 percent. I continue to be concerned that I question how much dependency can be port which later died October 1st, in a Senate this is a high price to pay for these slight placed on the three-way catalyst. filibuster against stationary source emission gains in air quality. However, o! the three The final change made to the origin­ control provisions. pollutants, automotive HC emissions are al D!ngell-Broyhlll/Riegle-Grlflin emission Mr. Woodcock, testl!ying before a Senate strongly implicated ln smog formation; and, schedule ts on the ultimate oxides of nitro­ subcommittee in early February, announced 1! any clean-up should be accelerated, it is gen standard. Originally we would have au­ auto emission standards the UAW planned to agreed that HC control is probably the pri­ thorized EPA to set the NOx standard to be pursue. Those standards were most similar ority. effective in model year 1982. This approach to the original Dingell-Broyhlll/Riegle-Gri!­ The revision to the ultimate CO standard was recommended: (1) because there con­ fin schedule. is based on recent data that indicates that tinues to be substantial debate over what The bill we will introduce wlll contain the the originlal 3.4 GPM standard is not needed level o! control of oxides of nitrogen is needed new emission schedule and the other provi­ for health reasons, and technical data which for health reasons; and, (2) because of the sions or the sections on mobile sources in shows that three-way catalyst systems may concern that a final standard too stringent the current H.R. 2380 (Dingell-Broyhlli) and have great difficulty attaining both low NOx could preclude a number of technologies that S. 714 (Rlegle-Griffin). levels and the 3.4 GPM CO standard. On the show real promise of achieving both alr qual­ This will be a complete package which ade­ health side, there is increasing evidence that ity and fuel economy improvement. In the quately responds to needed changes in the a 9 GPM standard is more than adequate to revised blll EPA would have authority to set Clean Air Act regarding mobile sources. protect public health. the NOx standard in the range of 1 to 2 gpm. As you will recall those of you who followed Both the interagency task force .report on This appears to be the range that wlll ulti­ the auto emission issue last Congress before motor vehlcle goals beyond 1980 ("the 300 mately represent a balance of fuel economy it died, legislation Jim Broyhill and I pur­ day study.,) and the air qua.llty. noise and and air quality goals. Factors to be considered sued, provided !or a gradual tightening o! health panel report prepared by EPA in sup­ in determining the ultimate NOx include automobile emission standards. Today this port of the task force indicate that 1! a 9 technical avallab1Uty and practlcabillty, im­ agreement will continue the gradual tighten­ GPM CO standard is established: pact on fuel consumption, and cost of com­ ing of standards, a schedule which continues The average carbon monoxtde concentra­ pliance. I! these factors determine that the to balance environmental objectives and en­ tion in the year 2000 would be 20 percent of NOx standard should be revised upwards to­ ergy conservation goals and savings for con­ the average concentration . experienced in ward 2.0 gpm, the revision wlll occur 1! it sumer3 while continuing the rate or clean air 1971-73, yielding an 80 percent reduction wm not endanger public health. improvement. even in the presence of growth in vehicle use Also Admlnlstrator may grant a waiver Our new schedule o! emission standards and in stationary source CO production; up to 2.0 gpm NOx for innovative technology establishes portions o! Mr. Woodcock's rec­ No air quality control region ln the United that is shown to be extremely fuel efficient ommedations and includes provisions !rom States would violate the carbon monoxide alr and if the waiver upwards to 2.0 would not the schedule the four of us in the Congress quality standard in the year 2000; and endanger public health. I cite the diesel, the have been pursuing. There would be no cardiac health deaths CVCC, stratified charge, and lean burn as It is essential that the phased-in schedule attributable to carbon monoxide air quality some examples. o! emission standards we are announcing to­ in the year 2000. I think the facts can be said to argue for day move forward to enactment. The produc­ In fact the executive summary of the accelerated HC control although I continue tion of automobiles !or 1978 model year be­ motor vehicle goals study (page 22) states: to be concerned about fuel economy impact. gins ln a few months and it Js agreed by all "Control of carbon monoxide (CO) at the I also think there is now a strong case for a parties that the statutory standards 1n the present level of 15 gpm is sufflcient to reduce 9 gpm CO standard. In my opinion, the law cannot be met 1n 1978. Those levels are projected excess cardiac deaths and persons original Dingell/Broyh111 blll offered a rea­ unnecessary. days of discomfort to zero by 2,000 as emis­ sonable balance among the objectives of alr During congressional consideration o! this sion-controlled cars replace older vehicles. quallty and fuel economy improvement, min­ issue last year, the House and Senate both Lower CO emission levels do not change imized cost and stable auto employment. It passed bllls extending the 1977 current stand­ these health indicators." appears that the new proposal sponsored by ards through model year 1978. It is essential The State o! Callfornia has recently de­ Dingell-Broyhlll, Riegle-GrUJln, Woodcock­ that those standards be maintained, 1! due cided that a carbon monoxide standard of UAW is technologically achievable. only to the mere passage o! time, !or model 9 gpm is sufficient !or its needs. At a meet­ I cosponsor this revised schedule because year 1979. ing of the California Air Resources Board on it is reasonable and balanced and it is critical This time table is essential for the pur­ November 23, 1976, long-term standards for that we unite and resolve our differences in poses of providing certainty in the automo­ all three pollutants (HC, CO, and NOx) were order to avoid the catastrophic production tive industry and to continue to assure the recommended with the long-term standard disruptions, product and consumer impacts workers in that industry their jobs. for carbon monoxide remaining at today's that wlll result 1! we do not get on with the This new blll wlll dlffer from the original California level of 9 gpm. task before us. Dingell-Broyhlll/Riegle-Griffin proposal ln There is a strong case that more stringent threo respects: co standards than 9 gpm are not needed 1. The hydrocarbon standard !or the 1980- and there appear to be some strong technical 81 period is set at the original .statutory level arguments !or holding at the 9 gpm level. NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION of .41 GPM instead o! .9 GPM. Before completing my discussion on our new 2. The final carbon monoxide standard standards. I must comment on the serious which would have been in elfect in model concern that is held regarding the three-way HON. BILL LEE EVANS year 1982 is instead carried over indefinitely catalytic converter. This device, that is not OJ' GEORGIA at the Jnterim 1980-81 stand.ard o! 9 GPM. in mass production, shows some sign of being 3. A range of NOx is given !or the ultimate able to achieve somewhat lower emission IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES standard instead of leaving it entirely to EPA levels than those currently in effect. The Tuesday, March 8, 1977 discretion. three-way converter, planned to be placed Frankly, I am concerned about the poten­ on some new cars, is to be combined with an Mr. EVANS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, tial fuel economy impact of going to .41 GPM overall complex system of emission control I would like to share with my colleagues hydrocarbon standards 1n 1980-two years devices which may not have durablllty even the following paper prepared and sooner than my original schedule. We have, for the EPA 50,000 mile certification test. brought to my attention by Jeffrey M. however accelerated the HC standard in re­ There is no indication though that the Brookstone, Ph. D., assistant professor sponse to coJ5cerns about hydrocarbon emis­ motorist would have incentive to have the of economics and business, Ma~on Junior sions generally-even though calculations three-way catalyst repaired. Also, there is the using EPA methodology show that the two­ question of the availability of repair services College, Macon, Ga.: year pull-ahead wlll change the health 1m­ for the device that would be sufflclent to NUCLEAll PaOLIJ'ERATION: CAPABILITIES, COSTS, pacts by less than one percent. maintain the Federal Fleet Emission Stand­ CHOICES AND CoNSTRAINTS This minimal change is because Califor­ ards. (By Jeffrey M. Brook.stone) nia cars in the area where the photochemical It is also known that the three-way con­ The pressing questions about nuclear pro­ oxidant problem is acknowledged to be most verter will require excessive amounts of liferation are four tn number: (1) How do we serious, are already meeting and wlll con­ rhodium at this stage of tts development. control the spread of nuclear weapons? (2) tinue to meet the more stringent standard. Rhodium 1s a rare and expensive metal, a can we halt the spread and sale of nuclear So, most or the health benefits of going to by-product of platinum whose only known power technology? (3) Are national export more stringent hydrocarbon standards will sources in any amounts today are South controls on nuclear products effective? and March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6789 (4) What priority should be assigned to de­ long a.s we do what is necessary to maintain breeder reactors currently being constructed veloping non-nuclear sources of energy if a b:l.lance." in the U.S. The Department of Defense is this development means slower national eco­ Yet maintaining a nu::lear balance but the agency responsible for spending $15o­ nomic growth? To understand and answer controlling proliferation represent two hcrns $180 million each year to build and maintair. these questions, the capabilities, costs, of a nuclear aged dilemma. America's strategic nuclear weaponry. choices and policy constraints about U.S. What constitutes nuclear balance? The In the plutonium age, the costs of devel­ nuclear proliferation policies must be dis· U.S., for example, has about 7,600 nuclear oping the peaceful and strategic uses of nu­ cussed. warheads for intercontinenhl and submarine clear power are quite significant. For exam­ I. NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES hunched ballistic missiles. The Soviets have ple, t h e first prototype liquid-metal breeder reactor to be completed at CUnch River, Not every nation is a nuclear one. Long ago 2,300 nuclear warheads. Although the U.S. Tennessee, at minimum, will cost $10.7 bil­ the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet nuclear arsenal includes 1,054 intercontinen­ lion. The current estimates for maintaining Union, France and Mainland China developed tal ballistic misslle3 operated by the Strategic the United States' stockpile of strategic war nuclear capabilities. Recently, India, Israel, Air Command; 656 U.S. Navy submarine South Africa, Switzerland and Poland have launched ballistic missiles; 453 Air Force materials is $6.5 billion. The latest overall cost estimate by the Air Force to build 244 developed constructive and destructive bombers equipped with nuclear b:>mbs and sources of nuclear technology. To these ten short range attack missiles; and NATO em­ B-1 bombers at $93.8 million per plane comes to $22.8 billion. Indeed, former Secretary of nuclear nations must be added at least a ploys 6,800 more tactical nuclear weapo:~s at dozen more soon-to-be or threshold nuclear American disposal, we stand forewarned by Defense Rumsfeld suggested that by 1982 powers: Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Paki­ the Defense Department and the U.S. intelli­ the U.S. defense budget will total $156.4 bil­ stan, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Libya, gen::e community that the Soviet Union is lion. Clearly, of central concern is the over­ Algeria, Spain, Argentina and Brazil. Whether seeking nuclear weapon superiority. If the all cost of reducing the spread of nuclear or not these countries and the original nu­ Soviets do indeed build their next generation arms. This cost takes several forms. clear countries choose to use their nuclear of nuclear mil:siles, Soviet intercontinental First, the U.S. must develop the peaceful atoms for peace or for conflict is of central ballistic missiles in the 88-16 through the uses of nuclear power and technology. This concern to us. mobile S8-20 categcries will all be equipped will cost approximately $1.2 billion. This sum Presently, under the Nuclear Non-prolifera­ with multiple warheads. This process is will be spent on reprocessing plants to tion Treaty, more than 93 nonweapons powers called MIRVing and accounts for the fol­ strengthen natural uranium so the uranium and 3 weapons powers, including the U.S., the lowing anecdote. When asked by an American can be used in fuel reactors. This develop­ Soviet Union and Britain have signed. France, author what he would do if he heard a siren ment should discourage other countries from China, India, Israel, South Africa and Paki­ announcing a nuclea.r attlck on Moscow, the building their own nuclear reprocessing stan have not signed. Imagine for a moment Russian citizen replied, "Put on a sheet and plants. if one party knowingly or even accidently crawl to the cemetery-slowly." Why slowly? Second, more than half a. billion dollars, precipitated a nuclear war. Former Secretary "So you dcn't spread panic." Indeed, this approximately $521 million should be spent of Defense, James Schlesinger, estimated, for story lllustrates that a superpower nuclear to develop a program for the safe, long-term example, that 1f our primary nuclear adver­ war 1::; no laughing matter. U.S. intelligence disposal of nuclear wastes. Additionally, the sary, the Soviet Union, attacked the roughly estimates indicate that ten Americans would cost of solidifying nuclear wastes will approx­ 45 operational Strategic Air Command bomb­ die for every Russhn in such a war. imate $180 million. er bases in the U.S., total casualties would Nevertheless, to maintain U.S. nuclear Lastly, while the costs remain indetermi· number approximately 700,000. In rough strength and add to the problems of con­ nate, substantial monies must be spent to terms, that figure translated to destroying trolling nuclear proliferation, the 1978 De­ prevent nuclear terrorism, hijacking, theft entirely the population of six cities the size fense Budget allocates $234 million for the and uranium blackmail. Fissionable mate­ of Macon. Indeed, the stakes are high. Who Navy's Tomahawk misstle and $4 million rials are too easily sabotaged or pilfered in could imagine living in America, if after a has been set aside for research and develop­ transit. Electronic warning systems, armed comprehensive nuclear military attack, the ment of the land launched cruise missile. police, military guards, and other costly pre­ injured, and sick resulting from direct and Given the scant, real achievements of Kis­ ventive measures must be undertaken to indirect nuclear effects would number 5,100,- singer's detente policies we must ask if the protect military and commercial exchanges 000 citizens and the delayed fatalities result­ nuclear arms race has lessened? of nuclear materials. As the world's leading ing from nuclear fallout number~d an addi­ Unhapptly, using a blend of criteria such commercial supplier of nuclear technology, tional 6 million U.S. citizens? as throwweights, equivalent megatonnage, fuel and reactors as well as the world's pri­ To protect itself from this destructive or strategic balance, it is fairly clear the mary arms merchant, $10 billion last year nightmare, the United States has developed nuclear arms race hasn't let up. Presently, or approximately 50 percent of the world's 2. stockpile of strategic and nuclear wel.pons. although the quality of American weapons total, the United States faces truly critical The stockpile has the destructive fcrce of outweighs the increasing Soviet quantitative choices in the future on how nuclear pro­ 615,385 Hiroshima bombs. Not too m >ny years advantage, in the near future Americans liferation will be contained. ago, one Hiroshima atomic bomb killed more will confront a rather displeasing reality: m. ALTERNATIVE POLICIES ON NUCLEAR than 100,000 civilians. Today, of course, not the sheer numbers of Soviet nuclear weapons PROLIFERATION ISSUES will take precedence over the quality of only do more nations have the capacity t:> If the U.S., like Shakespeare's Hamlet, make nuclear weapons, but these instruments American weapons. Indeed, already, NATO Commander-in-Chief, Alexander Haig, notes must take arms against a sea of troubles, of death can be fired from submarines, port­ what choices are open to Americans in tbe able missile launchers and supersonic bomb­ that Soviet defense spending has placed more strain and increasing pressure on our realm of nuclear proliferation? At least five ers. I! some of you still question the serious­ alternatives are of central concern to us. ness of nucle1r proliferation, then consider Western European NATO allies than at any other time in the last 27 years. Given this As a diplomatic alternative, the successive t!le following recent developments: rounds of the Strategic Arms Limitation The Soviet Union now spends 11 to 13 per­ fact, to reassure ourselves and our Allies, the Defense Department has ordered changes Talks, Salt I through VI offer some hope of cent of its gross national product, approxi­ reduced nuclear arms development. In No­ mately $144 billion in 1975 on defense, while in the F-16. The F-16 will be made to de­ liver atomic bombs. This change and others vember, 1974, with the signing of the Ford­ the United States spends 5.75 percent of its Brezhnev Vladivostok agreement, an overall gross national product, 26 cents out of every indicate the critical costs involved in con­ trolling nuclear proliferation. ceiling of 2,400 nuclear missiles and bombers tax dollar or approximately $110.1 billion for for both the U.S. and Soviets was agreed defense in the current fiscal year. II. COSTS OF CONTROLLING NUCLEAR PROLIFERA­ upon. Approximately half of these missiles Since 1964, the number of armed military TION could have multiple nuclear warheads forces in Russia grew from 3.4 to 4.4 million To monitor the increasing costs of nuclear (MIRV's). Because of disagreement over the men while, since the Vietnam War, U.S. weapons sales and export of nuclear technol­ Soviet Backfire misslle bomber system and armed force totals h:we fallen to 2.1 million ogy, one international and two special gov­ the U.S. cruise missile system, current SALT men. ernmental bodies have been established. The negotiations are just now resuming. Ameri­ Since 1955, three times a.s ma-:1y ships have first, the International Atomic Energy Agen­ ca and President Carter have a definite been added to the Soviet Navy than has t:> cy (IAEA) is a special United Nations agency choice to negotiate forthrightly, or prove the United States' Navy. headquartered in Vienna, Austria. The IAEA fundamental Soviet sincerity in refusing to Russian submarine launched ballistic mis­ analyzes sales cf nuclear materials and veri­ curtail the nuclear arms race. siles have increased in the last ·de:!ade from fies that no fissionable material is diverted As a commercial alternative, the U.S. could 29 to over 700 in number. The U.S. has not to military use. Domestically, in addition to easily unilaterally ban exports of nuclear incre1sed its numbers of submarine launched the Federal Energy Administration, both the technology until effective prollferation con­ ballistic miss-iles, holding but 655. Energy Research and Development Adminis­ trols are developed. While such a ban might, Former Secretary of State Kissinger, a·ware tration (ERDA) and the Nuclear Regulatory in the long run, result in rule of thumb of these developments, has said: "The es­ Commission (NRC) have supplanted the standards for nuclear controls, in the short sence of the contemporary problem in the old Atomic Energy Commission. ERDA and run, substantial U.S. business would be lost military field is that the term 'supremacy', the Nuclear Regulatory Commission over­ to our West German, Japanese, and French when casualities will be in the millions, has see the 55 nuclear reactors presently oper­ nuclear competitors. practically no operational significance as ating in the United States as well as the 164 As a military. strategic alternative. the 6790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 U.S. can press for stronger adherence to the in nondefense sectors of the U.S. economy MORE ON THE DROUGHT nonproliferation treaty. Although achieving should be created. universal bans on nuclear testing and dis­ Efforts to reach a new Strategic Arms armament are desirable goals, in a world of Limitat ion Agreement must proceed. Secre­ HON. MAX BAUCUS increasingly intolerant natlon states, it tary of Defense Harold Brown and Presi­ OF MONTANA would be best to reward American allies for dent Carter will need to convince the Soviet s IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their selective foreign policy support by per­ to discontinue building their Backfire bomber mitting limited and closely controlled pur­ force. If the Backfire bomber is completed, Tuesday; March 8, 1977 chases of U.S. nuclear technology. This has by 1985 Russian's accurate multiple war­ already occurred. For example, as a gesture Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday heads and missiles will exceed America's I introduced a resolution, House Resolu­ to Peking, two Control Data Corporation destructive forces, forces whose payloads are Cyber 172 computers not sold by the U.S. delivered over half the time by our SAC tion 384, calling for the creation of a to the Soviets were sold by Americans to the Bombers. Reducing the 2,400 heavy bomber Select Committee On Drought. mainland Chinese for $2 million. Similarly, ceiling with the Soviets wlll not be easy. This morning's Washington Post had the U.S. sells Israel jet engines and the Is­ Indeed, hearings of the House International two front page articles which support my raelis rebuild these engines, install them in Relations Committee and the Senate For­ belief that the Western drought has high performance Super Mysteres milltary eign Relations Committee are now underway aircraft, and then sells the planes to third reached crisis proportions. to assess Soviet might and strategic strength. countries such as Honduras. Additionally, For the benefit of my colleagues who because Iran shares a 1,250 mile border with Breaking the Salt deadlock is critical. Now are interested in the drought problem, I the Soviet Union, the United States has is the time to ser:ously involve the Soviet am presenting today the text of my res­ agreed to sell the Shah of Iran 160 F-16 Union in substantial arms control arrange­ olution and the two Post articles. fighter planes for more than $3 billion. All ments. Now is the time to involve the Soviet Union in the proces3 of peaceful change in I will be calling for cosponsors on the of these purchases as well as military sales resolution for reintroduction on to Saudi Arabia indicate controlling the the internation::tl system. Three strategies can spread of nuclear arms will cost the United be utilized in this task. March 24. States incalculable millions. First, persuade the Soviets to sign an ex­ The material follows: FARM STATES' RIVER LEVELS KEEP FALLING As an energy, t~hnology alternative, the tensive Joint declaration of the principles of U.S. can sook to reduce plutonium and nuclear deterrence. Through the Nuclear (By William Nye Curry) Suppliers Conference, enlist members who uranium as sources of Ion~ term American A prolonged and parching drought reduced sell all forms of nuclear t~hnology to also energy. Plutonium, a known potent and stream flows to well below normal in 80 per deadly carcinogen, costs more than enriched sign this declaration. Second, curtail planned development of the U.S. cruise xnis3ile sys­ cent of the nation last month, and ground­ ura nium to produce. Usin~ laser technolog-y, water levels reached record lows on a grand enriched uranium is a safer alternative fuel. tem for a designated period, from 12 to 18 mont hs. Enlist the United Nations' Interna­ scale. However, with 55 operating nuclear reactors tional Atomic Energy Agency to inspect The Mississippi River, drainway of much of in the U.S. currently and with more on the openly that development of the cruise missile agricultural America, ran at about 60 per way; and with FEA projections of nucle:tr system has been halted. Insist then that the cent below normal, according to a new report power supplying 30 nercent of our energy Soviet Union agree to a sixnilar halt and IAEA by the United States Geological Survey. To­ needs by the year 2000, it appears unlikely inspection of the Soviet's Backfire Missile gether, the nation's "big five" rivers-the St. plutonium will not be the centerpiece of bomber program. Third, if neither a Joint Lawrence, Columbia, Ohio, Missouri and Mis­ America's third century energy needs. Al­ declaration nor a. missile development mora­ sissippi-averaged 40 per cent below normal. ready the Soviet Union has embarked on torium is forthcoxning, proceed to strengthen The report also said ground water levels. a massive construct!on program to increase and upgrade the entire range of American which usually build in February to be tapped Russia's nuclear power output by the 1980's. conventional and strategic forces and mili­ later in the year, declined in about half of If construction continues as planned, by tary hardware. Although this last alternative the 140-plus observation wells used by the 1980, the Soviet nuclear capacity will be 19.4 is costly and will do nothing to control the survey to monitor groundwater. million kilowatts. This will equal France or ravage3 of nuclear proliferation, this action The survey findings come at a time of West Germany's nuclear cat>acity. will indicate to the world that America's lib­ heightened concern over the effects of In light of these alternative nol!cy choices, erty is priceless. months of sparse rainfall on much of the nation's farmland. Dust storms, the shadowy what constraints must the United States V. SUMMARY exerclse in controlling nuclear proliferation? specters of the 1930s that stripped fertile In conclusion, after a serious look at the cropland bare, are increasingly frequent. IV. CONSTRAINTS ON NUCLEAR PROL"TERATION capabilities, costs, choices and constraints An Agriculture Department meteorologist As a post industrial, high technology in controlling nuclear proliferation, a. bit of said the next two to six weeks will tell what society. to remain economically strong and perspective is required. One humorist re­ toll the dry weather will exact on the winter competitive, the United States must con­ cently noted that the Defense Department wheat crop, which helps to fill not only the tinue its leadership in the research and shouldn't be worried. We have more than U.S. breadbasket but those of many other development of nuclear technology. The 7,600 deliverable nuclear warheads, which nations. United States no longer has a monopoly on makes us very safe-so long as we don't ask The February measurements marked the nuclear technology. Consequently, it is the U.S. Post Office to deliver them. third straight month of below-normal flows essential that the U.S. urge other nations to Fortunately, with the incoming Carter Ad­ in the "big five" rivers. After above-normal accept the provisions of the Treaty on the ministration, competent officials are now be­ flows in November, December was 6 per cent Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons which ginning to grapple with the issues raised below normal, January 33 per cent and Feb­ urges the fullest po~s l ble exchanJ?e of eouin­ here. One, former Harvard University profes­ ruary 40 per cent. ment. materials, and scientific and techno­ sor of government, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., will Geological Survey scientists said some head new office in the State Department logical information for the peaceful uses of a. streams in the Pacific Northwest dropped to charged with developing a policy against the nuclear energy. Definite diplomatic and their lowest February levels in more than 70 spread of nuclear weapons. Nye and others commercial sanctions should be enforced years of recordkeeping. A hydrologist with will apply reasoned analysis to determining a~ainst nations who i~?nore this treaty. In the National Weather Service, Joseph A. how and why the sale and spread of Ameri­ this way, when the United States develoos a Strahl, said yesterday that the Columbia new method of using lasers to ext~act can nuclear technology will continue. If stronger export controls are required on River basin there is expected to get only half Uranium-235 from uranium ore, this less of its normal water supplies between now expensive commercial method of producing American nuclear sales overseas, then we must put them into effect efficiently and to­ and October. nuclear fuel will not be utilized to produce Strahl said the same crazy wind patterns more dangerous nuclear weapons. tally. Lastly, to Energy Director James Schlesinger and President Carter fall the that gave the country its bitter freeze also A top priority, limiting exoorts of Amer­ awesome task of developing a national pro­ prevented normal winter rainfall. ican nuclear weaponry, should be examined. gram for energy sufficiency based on a. vari­ Sixteen flow-monitoring stations in 10 Presently, some 400,000 civilian jobs are ety of plutonium and uranium based nuclear states recorded their lowest flows for Febru­ related to U.S. armament sales. Every sale of processes. The cost of this program will ini­ ary since records were begun, in one case as a sophisticated instrument of destruction tially appear astronomical. However, Ameri­ far back as 85 years. The 10 states are Cali­ deprives a developing economy of needed can ingenuity and innovation in the peace­ fornia, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Michigan, health, nutritional and consumer goods ful uses of nuclear technology wUl provide Wisconsin, New Hampshire, Oregon, Utah and purchases. The President, not the Depart­ the world's leadership in the approaching Washington. ment of Defense, should have the ult~a ·ce 21st century. Without American leadership, The drought has helped leave more than last approval of overseas arms sales of Amer­ efforts at nuclear proliferation control are 17 million acres of land vulnerable to wind ican nuclear weaponry. Similarly, more jobs pointless. damage, according to the Agriculture Depart- March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6791 ment, and another 3.8 million acres since affected and what their absolute minimum thereof authorized by the select committee, Nov. 1 have already been reduced in fertility needs were. may sit and act at such times and places as or productivity because of winds. Brown said today that this was part of a it considers appropriate whether the House Topsoil from parts of Texas, Colorado and plan for mandatory rationing statewide if is sitting, has recessed, or has adjourned. Kansas passed over the East Coast last week needed. The governor noted, however, that (b) For purposes of this resolution, the as a result of dust storms-the first time that ditierent portions of the state have diJierent select committee, or any subcommittee has happened since the 1930s, an Agriculture requirements and that a blanket rationing thereof authorized by the select committee spokesman said. plan could be difficult if not impossible to to hold hearings, may hold such hearings, "Wheat is starting to green up" in some enforce. and may req,uire, by subpena or otherwise, areas of the Great Plains, said Agriculture Instead Brown said it is more likely that the attendance and testimony of such wit­ meteorologist Richard Felch, "but at the as the drought continues the five-member nesses and the production of such books, present time there is not enough moisture to Water Quality Control Board-which he records, correspondence, memorandums, papers, documents, and other exhibits and carry it for very long." called California's "water supreme court"­ He said eastern Oklahoma has had some would tour districts where the situation is materials, as it considers necessary. Subpenas moisture but Kansas, eastern Colorado and most critical and order mandatory cutbacks may be issued under the signature of the chairman of the select committee or any most of Nebraska "remain pretty dry." where required. "There is a potentially very serious situa­ "Persuasive power is always better than member of the select committee designated tion in store there," says Lester R. Brown, coercive power," said the governor. by him, and may be served by any person Brown has called for a statewide voluntary designated by such chairman or member. president of the non-profit Worldwatch In­ (c) A majority of the members of the select stitute, a research organization here. He said cut of 25 per cent in water use. Officials said today it is too early to tell how effective the committee shall constitute a quorum for the that if harvests are substantially affected, transition of business, except that the sele::t near panic conditions could arise in other request has been, but in areas like southern California, which has not been directly af­ committee may designate a lesser number nations, "since the whole world is so depend­ as a quorum for the purpose of taking testi­ ent" on U.S. grain. fected by the drought, there are indications that it is not working. mony. The chairman of the select commit­ tee, or any member of the select committee CALIFORNIA EYES MANDATORY WATER RATIONS H. RES. 384 designated by him, may administer oaths or (By Bill Richards) affirmations to any witness. Los ANGELEs, March 7 .--California officials Resolved., That (a) (1) there hereby is es­ (d) The select committee and any sub­ have begun dt·awing up a contingency plan te.blished in the HousE· of Representatives a. committee thereof and its staff may conduct for mandatory statewide water rationing select committee to be known as the Select field investigations or inspections. Members while Gov. Edmund G. Brown Jr. warned Committee on Drought (hereinafter in this and staff of the select committee may engage here today that, unless the current drought resolution referred to as the "select commit­ in such travel as may be necessary to con­ eases, the state faces "a disaster of unmeasur­ tee"). The select committee shall be com­ duct investigations relating to the purposes able magnitude." posed of fifteen Members of the House. of this resolution. Brown acknowledged that the contingency (2) M:embers of the select committee shall SEc. 4. The select committee may employ plan would impose mandatory rationing on be appointed by the Speaker of the HousP. and fix the compensation of such clerks, ex­ all of the state's 21.5 million residents. But One member of the select committee shall perts, consultants, technicians, attorneys, in­ he said he would be reluctant to implement be designated by the Speaker to serve as vestigators, and clerical and stenographic such a drastic measure except as a last resort. chairmz.n of the select committee. assl.stants as it considers necessary to carry "The specter of the drought iS gathering (3) At least one member of the select out the purposes of this resolution. The momentum," the governor told nearly 1,000 com.mi ttce shall be chosen from each of the select committee may reimburse the members state and local officials gathered here for the following committees of the House. Th~ of its staff for travel, subsistence, and other start of a two-day conference on the two­ Committee on Agriculture, the Committee necessary expenses incurred by them in the year Western drought. Other state officials on Appropriations, the Committee on Bank­ performance of the duties vested in the predicted that water shortages thiS year could ing, Finance and Urban Affairs, the Com­ select committee, other than expenses in con­ cost California up to $6 billion in agricul­ mittee on Government Operations, the Com­ nection with meetings of the select com­ tural losses alone. mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs, th~ mittee or any subcommittee thereof held in James G. Youde, acting director of the Committee on Public Works and Transpor­ the District of Columbia. state Agriculture Department, said cattle­ tation, the Committee on Science and Tech­ SEc. 5. The provisions of clause 2(g) (1) men lost $500 million in the last year from nology, and the Committee on Small Busi­ of rule XI of the rules of the House shall the drought and thiS year the loss could be ness. apply to the select committee. far worse. (4) Any vacancy occurring in the mem· SEC. 6. (a) The select committee shall re­ Twenty-nine counties have been declared bership of the select committee shall be port to the House with respect to the results disaster areas as a result of livestock and filled in the same manner as the original of any investigation conducted by the select other farming losses. appointment. committee, or any subcommittee thereof, Officials have estimated that in addition (b) The chairman of the select committee under section 3(d). to agricultural losses the drought could in­ may establish such subcommittees of the se­ (b) The select committee shall submit an crease the unemployment rate here by nearly lect committee as he considers appropriate. annual report to the House which shall in­ three percentage points because of layoffs in Any such subcommittee shall be composed clude a summary of the activities of the water-using industries. Officials also worry of not less than four members of the select select committee during the calendar year that water in some rivers has dropped so committee. to which such report applies. low that their sewage proportion has reached SEc. 2. The select committee shall noii (c) Any report of the select committee dangerously high levels. have legislative jurisdiction. The select au·· under this section which is submitted dur­ The sewage content of the American River thority shall have authority- ing a period in which the House is not in near the capital at Sacramento, has reached (!) to conduct a comprehensive study and review of drought problems and possible so­ session shall be filed with the Clerk of the 12 per cent because of reduced water levels House. officials said last week. ' lutions for the Western United States, in·· SEc. 7. The select committee shall cease California has been one of the states hit eluding, but not limited to a comprehensivP. to operate one year following enactment of S\lrvey of the physical, economic and social the hardest by the drought, in part because this resolution. it has lasted the longest here and also be­ impacts of the drought on the people, com­ cause so much of the agricultural output 1s munities, an::l states immediately affected dependent on water from mountain snow­ (as well as the national and global eco­ nomic, energy and nutritional impacts of packs. This year, said Ronald B. Robie, di­ HISTORY OF THE NURSE CORPS rector of the Water Resources Department, the drought); an examination of 'the causes snowpacks feeding water supplies are only 20 of the drought; an array of possible solu­ per cent of what they should be. tions to the drought as demonstrated or contemplated in either this country or HON. JOSHUA EtLBERG Already about 30 communities in North­ abroad; a thorough examination of the ade­ OF PENNSYLVANIA ern California have imposed mandatory water quacy, comprehensiv£'ness, responsiveness, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rationing on their residents because of the efficiency and effectiveness of existing or pro­ drought. Attorney General Evelle J. Younger posed drough t_::rela. ted disaster relief pro­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 ruled last Friday that the governor has the grams. power to declare mandatory rationing (2) to review any recommendations made Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, on Feb­ throughout the state and some legislators by the President, or by any department or ruary 6, 1977, I had the ptivilege of at­ have been calling on Brown to exercise that agency of the executive branch of the Fed­ tending the 108th Combat Support Hos­ power soon. pital Nursing Service's, first celebration Several weeks ago Brown ordered telegrams eral Government, relating to programs or se?t to about 1,000 of the larger water dis­ policies relating to the drought. of the founding of the Army Nurse Corps, tncts asking that they tell the Water Re­ SEc. 3. (a) For purposes of this resolution, which was held in conjunction with the sources Department how badly they had been the select committee, or any subcommittee commemoration of the Army Nurse 6792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 Corps,' 76th anniversary. The 108th through Major. Later came full pay and privi­ last redesignation before becoming the 108th Combat Support Hospital, the first com­ leges of the grades and eligibility for the GI Combat Support Hospital occurred in May of bat support hospital in the State of benefits. Fifty years later the first Army 1972, when the unit became the 108th Field Pennsylvania, donated a pair of Army Nurse Corps Brigadier Generals, Anna Mae Artillery and served in this capacity until Hays and Elizabeth Hodsington were ap­ January 1976, when it was converted and re­ fatigues and boots in honor of this oc­ pointed. designated as the 108th Combat Support Hos­ casion to the Philadelphia Mueusm for Nurses were at the fall of Bataan and Cor­ pital. Its present home station is Philadel­ Nurses, the only museum devoted exclu­ regidor, waded on shore at Anzio Beachhead, phia. sively to nursing in Pennsylvania. and helped to evacuate following the Nor­ At this time, I submit for the REcoRD many Invasion during World War II. Victory a history of the Army Nurse Corps and in Europe Day found 52,000 Army Nurses WATER POLLUTION C011.TTROL the 108th Combat Support Hospital: serving in 1,059 facilities overseas and at home. HISTORY OF THE NURSE CORPS T"ne decorations and awards continued for HON. ROBERT W. EDGAR (By Brenda Turner) meritorious service and bravery under fire In peacetime and wartime, whenever this through Korea and Vietnam. The Army Nurse OF PENNSYLVANIA country has been engaged in war and wher­ Corps also pioneered in many areas of nurs­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ever men have been injured or in need of ing practice, community health nursing, Tuesday, March 8, 1977 care, women have served as nurses. nursing education, administration and re­ Since 1775, the Army Nurse has served in search. Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, I would like the field of battle and in garrison. They The list goes on and on, bringing us to to­ to insert a portion of the testimony of have devotedly aided mankind, caring for day. February 6, 1977, is the 76th Birthday Ms. Khristine L. Hall, on behalf of the victims of disaster and disease throughout of the Army Nurse Corps. The nurses of the Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., the world. 108th Combat Support Hospital are again before the House Public Works Subcom­ The following is a brief history and over­ pioneering as the first of the Army Nurse view of selected milestones in the evolution Corps in the Pennsylvania. Army National mittee on Water Resources on H.R. 3199, of the Army Nurse Corps and some notable Guard. We, too, pledge to continue the proud a bill to amend the Federal Water Pollu­ contributions that were made. tradition and blaze trails for the future. tion Control Act: Immediately following the Revolutionary We, the nurse corps officers, are proud to STATEMENT OF KHRISTINE L. HALL War, the Continental Congress established be members of the Pennsylvania Army Na­ Mr. Chairman, members of the Committee, a plan for a hospital with a nurse for every tional Guard and especially the 108th Com­ we appreciate this opportunity to testify be­ ten patients. ·The women who served were bat Support Hospital. The 108th has a long fore you regarding H.R. 3199, which con­ not "nurses'' in the modern sense, but they and illustrious history, dating back over one tains amendments to the Federal Water heiped blaze the trail for another generation hundred and thirty-five years. Here are but Pollution Control Act of 1972. nearly 100 years later when modern schools a few highlights from a lengthy and meri­ Basically, we feel that Congress did its job o! nursing were established. torious lineage: well when it passed the Federal Water Pollu­ On 10 June 1861, two months after the The unit was organized December 11, 1840, tion Control Act of 1972. The Act contains a Civil War began, the Secretary of War ap­ in the Pennsylvania Militia as the National comprehensive, interwoven scheme aimed pointed Dorothea Dix, famed for her work Guards, a volunteer militia company assigned at restoring the chemical, physical, and bio­ on behalf of the mentally ill, as Superin­ to the 1st Volunteer Infantry Regiment at logical integrity of the Nation's waters and tendent of Women Nurses for the Union Philadelphia. at improving the waters so that by 1983 they Army. Miss Dix headed the list of about 6,000 The unit was mustered into federal service may once again be used for fishing and women who received a short nursing course April 27, 1861, as the 19th Pennsylvania Vol­ swimming. While we realize that some minor from Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman unteer Infantry Regiment and mustered out tinkering with the Act's provisions may be physician in the United States. This was 84 August 9, 1861, at Philadelphia. necessary to clarify ambiguous provisions years later and the Surgeon General gave the The unit was then reorganized and mus­ and to rectify a few problems, changes of the nurses a raise from $8 a month to $12 a tered into federal service September 1861- magnitude reflected in some provisions of month. March 1862, as the 90th Pennsylvania Volun­ H.R. 3199 are insupportable a.nd unnecessary. At the onset of the Spanish American War, teer Infantry Regiment. The 90th mustered Some provisions of H.R. 3199, particularly almost 1200 nurses volunteered, serving in out November 1864, at Fort Dushane, Vir­ the proposed amendment to Section 404, the United States, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the ginia, after participating in campaigns at: would leave a gaping loophole in the other­ Philippines, Hawaii and Japan, and on the Manass::1s, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chan­ wise comprehensive scheme of the Water hospital ship "Relief". Following the war, cellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsyl­ Act and would threaten the achievement of twelve nurses died of typhoid fever; another, vania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg. the Act's goals. Any changes that are made, Clara Louise Mass volunteered for experi­ The unit was reorganized October 2, 1867, should be made only after hearings on and mental research for the Yellow Fever Com­ in the Pennsylvania Militia as the 2nd In­ study of the Water Act as a whole, to make mi~sion and gave her life thereby helping to fantry Regiment (National Guard) . sure that all relevant factors are taken into establish a mosquito vector as the transmit­ In 1870, the Pennsylvania M111tia was re­ account before amending the Act. We under­ ter of the disease. designated as the Pennsylvania National stand that there will be a full review of the In February 1901, Dr. Anita Newcomb Mc­ Guard. From this point in history, the Penn­ Act's goals and requirements later this year. Gee, Vice President of the National Society sylvania National Guard was mustered into Issues raised in H.R. 3199 may receive a full of the Daughters of the American Revolu­ Federal Service numerous times and on Oc­ airing and detailed consideration at that tion wrote a bill, later passed by Congress, tober 23, 1916, the 2nd Infantry Regiment time. With that basic premise in mind, I will est ablishing a permanent Female Armv Nurse was converted and redesignated the 108th address specific sections of the bill. Corps of the Medical Department. A Reserve Field Artillery, an element of the 28th Divi­ Vve would like to express cur support for Corps was also authorized by the Medical sion. the funding authorization prr·vided by this Department. Each reserve nurse signed an The 108th was demobilized May 24, 1919. bill, but we urge that it be re_ported without the controversial, substantive amendments agreement to enter active service whenever During World War I, the 108th participated now attached. required and to report by letter to the Sur­ in the campaigns at: Oiss-Aisne, Manes-Ar­ geon General every six months. There were gonne, Ypres-Lys, Champagne, Lorraine, and SECTION 16-AMENDMENTS TO SECTION 404 37 nurses. who wore the Badge of the Army was awarded the Luxembourg Croix-de­ The Section 404 program protects against Nurse. Guerre and the streamer embroidered with two types of discharges which are among the In April 1917, the United States entered "Luxembourg". most serious threats today to the chemical, World War I. By June there were 1,176 The 108th Field Artillery was again in­ physical and biological integrity of the Na­ nurses; one year later, 12.986 nurses, 10,000 ducted into Federal Service on February 17, tion's waters: first, discharges of dredged of them reserve. By Armistice Day the Army 1941, at Philadelphia and inactivated on Oc­ spoil which are frequently contaminated Nurse Corps was 21,480 strong. Nurses had tober 25, 1945, at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. with heavy metals such as mercury and served in France, Belgium, England, Italy and During World War II, the 108th participated cadmium and chlorinated hydrocarbons such Siberia. They had been assigned to casualty in the campaigns at: Normandy, Northern as PCBs and kepone and, second, discharges clearing stations and surgical teams in field France, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, Central of fill materials which can result in the hospitals as well as to mobile, evacuation, Europe. destruction of irreplaceable wetlands-the base, camp, and convalescent hospitals. Sev­ On November 22, 1946, the unit was reor­ most valuable and productive part of the eral nurses were wounded but none died as a ganized and federally recognized as the 108th aquatic environment. The proposed amend­ result of enemy action. The Distinguished Field Artillery Battalion at Philadelphia. ment in HR 3199, almost identical to last Service Cross was awarded to three Army The 108th also saw periods of active federal year·s Wright Amendment, would allow these Nurses, and twenty-three received the Dis­ service throughout the Korean Con.fiict. discharges to occur without permits or tinguished Service Medal. On June 1, 1959, the unit was reorganized regulation in the great majority of the coun­ 1920 saw Army Nurses granted the status and redesignated as the 108th Artillery, an try's waterways. It would leave unprotected of officer ranking from Second Lieutenant element of the 28th Infantry Division. The most of the country's stream miles, most ot March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6793 the country's wetlands and indirectly all the Similarly, there is no serious doubt that tion 404 reached the discharge of fill mate­ downstream waters that depend on these the wetlands associated with our estuaries rial. The phrase "or fill material" is in Sec­ streams and wetlands. Section 16 would thus and streams are part of "the waters of the tion 404 itself, but its origins go back as far create a glaring loophole in the 1972 Act. It United States." Certain wetlands, for example as the Senate Report. The Senate bill had would undermine the Act's integrity and coastal wetlands below mean high tide, have the Administrator of the Environmental Pro­ would render its goals unachievable. always been included in the traditional defi­ tection Agency regulating -the discharge of The Section 404 program has become nition of navigable waters. all pollutants, including dredged and fill ma­ highly politicized during the past two years. When the 1972 Act abandoned the artificial terial. In describing EPA's responsibilities, It has been the victim of tremendous mis­ limitations of the navigation servitude, that the Senate report states: understanding. We are unfortunately still abandonment not only extended the Act's "In est ablishing the levels of best practi­ living with the poisoned atmosphere created jurisdiction upstream to non-navigable cable and best available technology for point by the Corps of Engineers' press release of waters but also laterally into the wetlands sources the Administrator should not ignore May 6, 1975. Among other misstatements, that are an integral part of the aquatic eco­ discharges resulting from point sources other that release said that federal permits may be system.1 Otherwise, for example, an indus­ than pipelines or similar conduits. For in­ required by the farmer "who wants to deepen trial polluter could escape regulation under stance, the Administrator must give proper an irrigation ditch or plow a field." Senator Section 404 merely by dumping its wastes attention to the control of dredged spoil dis­ Muskle, upon reading this release, demanded into a marsh or other wetland instead of posal and fill operations .•." (Senate Report that it be retracted. Over a year ago he stated into the stream itself. at 51; emphasis added.) on the fioor of the Senate: Most fundamentally, the basic goals of For all these reasons, the Corps was cer­ "The Corps, in what appears to be a the Act in Section 101-protecting the tainly correct when it established a Section deliberate attempt to distort Federal water chemical, physical, and biological integrity 404 permit program which covered both navi­ pollution policy for purposes which I do not of the Nation's waters and providing an gable waters and their tributaries, included understand, publicly announced that a court aquatic environment for the protection and wetlands and regulated discharges of both decision which upheld the intent of Con­ propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife fill materials and dredged spoil. Yet the gress as regards the meaning of navigable and for recreation in and on the water­ Corps took special precautions in its July 25. waters would have the effect of placing thou­ could not even be approximated if wetlands 1975, regulations to ensure that its program sands of farmers in violation of Federal law. were artificially segmented off and excluded did not extend to areas where it did not be­ Nothing could be further from the truth and from the protected "waters of the United long, that it did not become mired in the the Corps knows it.... States." The House Report states that processing of innumerable individual per­ "I only hope that this matter can now the "integrity" goal in Section 101 is in­ mits for trivial matters and that it cooper­ be ended and we can get on with the job tended to refer "to a condition in which ated fully wit h state and local authorities of regulating the discharge of dredge or fill the natural structure and function of eco­ and programs. The Corps regulations provide: materials in such a manner as to protect systems is maintained." (House Report at That "normal farming, silviculture and both the nation's wetlands and the quality 76). Wetlands are the most vital and pro­ ranching activities. such as plowing, culti­ of all the nation's waters." ductive part of the aquatic ecosystem. and vating, seeding and harvesting" will not be Former EPA Administrator Train, members we coUld never make much progress towards covered; of Congress, and others joined with Senator protecting that ecosystem and the integrity That fills for the purpose of the mainte­ Muskie in expressing these views. If only of the Nation's waters if wetlands were un­ nance of existing structures such as dikes, Senator Muskie's advice had been followed. protected. Consider the following: dams, high ways, etc., will not be covered; Unfortunately it was not. The Corps' alarmist Fully two-thirds of the annual U.S. har­ That only point source discharges will be and unsupported claims were repeated and vest of fish and shellfish can be traced back covered and nonpoint sources excluded; even further exaggerated in countless gov­ to wetlands. That general permits applying to many ernment news releases and agricUltural and Ducks, other waterfowl and numerous dischargers can be used to reduce red tape forestry newsletters and articles. Long after other wildlife species are almost completely and delay where activities have a minimal the Corps to its credit had put together and dependent upon wetlands for nesting and environmental impact; and begun to implement a workable and reason­ feeding habitat. That joint processing and other coopera­ able program, the distortions referred to by The pollutant removal, water cleansing tive steps can be followed where a state is Senator Muskie were perpetuated by certain properties of wetlands are enormous. A 500- operating a permit program for similar ac­ groups with narrow commercial interests in acre wetland has been shown to assimilate tivities. need of a broader political base to achieve tons of phosphates, nitrates, animal wastes, We believe that the program set out in their objectives, one of which appears to be sediment and other pollutants on a daily the Corps' July 25 regulations is reasonable, to escape all regulation under this Act. basis while enriching the surrounding waters is not overregulatory and deserves broad sup­ One argument sometimes made by oppo­ with oxygen. The wetland is the farmer's port and acceptance. It has our support and nents of the Section 404 program is that the pollution control plant. Runoff from agricul­ acceptance. The experience with the program courts are responsible for extending the pro­ tural areas is already a serious pollution over the past tw·o years bears out these con­ gram beyond Congress' intent. This is not problem and will become proportionately elusions. These conclusions are also borne out true. Take the question of whether the 1972 more important as controls on other pollu­ by information recently compiled by the Act and the Secti::m 404 program were meant tion sources are implemented. Without wet­ Corps of Engineers in response to inquiries to extend beyond traditionally defined "nav­ lands to act as natural filters, agricultural from Senators Randolph and Baker. Tabula­ igable waters." I am aware of not one but pollution of downstream areas, including tions covering July 1, 1975, through Decem­ ten court decisions holding that a much drinking water supplies, would be far more ber 1, 1976, reveal that there were only 236 broader jurisdiction was intended, and the servere. applications nationwide for Section 404 per­ Environmental Protection Agency and the If wetlands were not within the Act's ju­ mits for nonexempt agriculture, silviculture, Department of Justice have consistently sup­ risdict ion, we could easily find ourselves a and ranching activities. It is these interests ported this view. The reason for this essen­ decade hence having spent billions on con­ which have been most vocal in protesting tially unanimous position is the clarity of trolling industrial and municipal discharges "over-regulation" under Section 404. Last the 1972 Act's language and history on this but with an aquatic environment more im­ year's dramatic claims that Phase n would point. Section 502 (7) defines "navigable wa­ poverished than today's. bring a fiood of applications from these ters" as used in the Act to include all "wa­ Congress recognized the importance of full sources and lead to overregulation simply ters of the United States," and the Confer­ protectiOn of the aquatic environment when cannot be supported. In addition, the Corps' ence Report states that: it observed in its report on the Act that: figures show the general permit program has "The conferees fully in tend that the term "Water moves in hydrologic cycles and it is already begun to work well in the areas of 'navigable waters' be given the broadest pos­ essent;ia.l that discharge of pollutants be con­ agricultural and silvicultural activities, cut­ sible constitutional interpretation unencum­ trolled at the source. Therefore, reference ting back on red tape and delay. bered by agency determinations which have to the cont rol requirements must be made In over 600 instances where an individual been made or may be made for administra­ to the navigable waters, porti ons therof. and. permit woUld otherwise have been required, tive purposes." Conference Report, at 144. their tributaries." (Senate Report at 77; the activity has been covered by a general As Congressman Harsha noted in last year's emphasis added.) permit, making an individual permit un­ House debate on the Wright Amendment: Finally, we would also note that there has necessary. More general permits are being "The courts did not adjudicate a new defi­ never been any serious question that Sec- developed. nition of navigable waters.... The Court has No one-not the Corps, EPA, the environ­ upheld our position on that. It did not rede­ 1 Prior to the court's ruling in NRDO & mental community, or the public-no one fine navigable waters." Congressional Record NWF v. Callaway the House Government Op­ wants to see the Corps wasting its time on 16558, June 3, 1976. erations Committee was calling upon the trivial discharges. We can assure this Com­ All that the Dlstrlct Court did 1n NRDC Corps to abandon its narrow view of Section mittee that if the Corps should ever become & NWF v. Callaway, 524 F. Supp. 79 (D.D.C. 404's jurisdictipn and to use that provision overzealous and begin to get involved in ac­ 1975), was to require the Corps of Engineers "to protect additional wetlands from the tivities outside the 404 program, or which to regulate the discharge of the two types of damaging effects of dredging and filling." H. have no significant environmental effect, pollutants assigned to lt in the same areas Rep. No. 93-1396, 93d Cong., 2d Sess. (1974), then we will join with the other members of that EPA regulates other pollutants. at 14-27. this panel in opposing the Corps' action. Un- 6794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 :;n then, though, the Corps and EPA should Yet these discharges would not be subject to CUBAN EXILE GROUP FAVORS be left to run the program as it is now con­ testing and regulation under Section 16. EMBARGO LIFTING stituted, especially if the alternative course Millions of cubic yards of dredged mate­ is to cripple the program as Section 16 would rials, much of it contaminated with toXic do. materials, must be disposed of each year in HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM It is also worth noting here that Section the U.S. Under Section 16, it could be dumped 16, although it may remove the permit bur­ into any waters other than those that are OF NEW YORK den for some dischargers, will impose addi­ or could be used for navigation. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional requirements on others. Section 16 In addition, dischargers would be free to makes the primary test of federal jurisdic­ dump into the majority of our waters un­ Tuesday, March 8, 1977 tion the mean high water mark. However, ac­ protected by Section 16 anything they can get Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, con­ cepted engineering practices of determining away with calling "fill." If a chemical com­ trary to popular notion, a great many mean high water lines may be unreliable and pany has some severely contaminated soil it Cuban Americans favor improved rela­ expensive, since the determination often de­ has to get rid of, it could conceivably buy pends on the establishment of tidal data some wetland acreage and dump the soil as tions with Cuba, including a lifting of which may be nonexistent or highly ques­ "fill." No permit required. the U.S. trade embargo. Graphic proof tionable. In fact, the General Development Testimony submitted by the Environ­ of such support is contained in a letter Corporation of Florida claims that an amend­ mental Defense Fund last year in the Senate's I have received from the leaders of a ment such as Section 16 "can only create fur­ oversight hearings on Section 404 enumerates Miami-based organization known as ther confusion and chaos in an already com­ many cases where toxic materials could be Cuban Group for Family Reunification. plex area just at a time when some degree used for fill and would be left unregulated This organization consists of Cuban of consistency is being achieved." 2 by Section 16. I have appended that portion exiles in the United States who have im­ The attack on the Section 404 program is of EDF's testimony which lists these case nothing less than an attack on the integrity examples and urge you to read it. mediate family-in many cases wives or of the 1972 Act. Section 16 would allow the Section 16 would also authorize the inclu­ husbands and children-in Cuba. On the discharge of both dredged spoil and fill ma­ sion of any type of discharge, no matter how basis of responses they have received to terial to go unrelated in most U.S. streams serious, under a general permit. Environ­ advertisements in Spanish-language and rivers. It would jeopardize about three­ mental groups support the concept of the magazines in recent months, they esti­ fourths of all U.S. wetlands. Wetlands are general permit in the Section 404 program. mate that there are more than 1,500 such not only among our most valued resources; However, the general permit should not be divided families, and many more fami­ they are among our most threatened. Already allowed for environmentally damaging dis­ lies longing to restore contact with more half of America's wetlands have been de­ charges. A loose, vague, and criteria-free gen­ stroyed. And we are still losing our wetlands eral permit authority invites administrative distant relatives in Cuba. at a rate of over 200,000 acres a year. The and legal challenges which would create con­ This week, the leaders of Cuban Group Fish and Wildlife Service has concluded that fusion and delay. for Family Reunification took time off an amendment like Section 16 could leave Section 16 would also allow delegation of from their jobs and traveled a long dis­ even the largest swamps and freshwater the permit program to the states, but again tance at their own expense to Washing­ marshes such as the Okeefenokee and the without any criteria for program adequacy ton to deliver their message to Govern­ Everglades unprotected. The consequences such as those established in Section 402. ment leaders. That message is that the would be extremely serious. Without criteria in la.w, the Corps must One of the most serious problems with Sec­ establish them by administrative rulemak­ U.S. embargo has only imposed hard­ tion 16 is that it wlll open an enormous ing. Sound criteria such as those Congress ships and suffering on the 9 million Cu­ loophole In the Water Act which will permit wrote into Section 402 are needed to give an bans in Cuba, and that the best way to and may even encourage the discharge of interested state a stationary target, to prevent ease the problems of human separation some of the most hazardous pollutants delegation to an inadequate state program, between the United States and CUba is known-toxic and carcinogenic substances­ and to preserve national uniformity in to lift the embargo as a step toward ne­ into roughly 85 percent of the Nation's sur­ order to protect those states which do come gotiation and normalization of relations. face waters and wetlands. Section 16 would forward with good programs. Program uni­ Mr. Speaker, the letter stating the simply preclude the regulation of the dis­ forn fty in Section 404 is even more important charge of these materials into these areas than in Section 402, because Section 404 lacks views of Cuban Group for Family Reuni­ when they are present in dredged or fill mate­ nationally uniform discharge standards for fication delivered to me yesterday fol­ rials of any kind. Furthermore, under the individual permits. lows: proposed amendment, it will be impossible Finally, Section 16 exempts many federally CUBAN GROUP FOR to determine when or where toxic substances a·,t· orized or assisted projects from Section FAMILY REUNIFICATION, are present in dredged or fill materials prior 404 requirements. We do not for one minute Miami, Fla., March 7, 1977. to discharge. Absent regulation, no mecha­ believe that the Corps has the authority to HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, nism will be available by which to require use Eection 404 to veto projects which Con­ International Relations Committee, the advance testing necessary to protect pub­ gress has authorized. On the other hand, it Washington, D.C. lic health. seems equally clear that the 404 process has a HoNoRABLE CoMMITTEE: Cuban Group for Both the National Cancer Institute and the useful role to play in the planning of these Family Reunification 1s formed by Cubans World Health Organization vave concluded proje..:ts. living in the United States, but unfortu­ that 6Q-90 percent of all human cancers are Defenders of Section 16 may point to the nately our families (wives or husbands, and caused by chemicals in the environment, in­ fact that it does at least attempt to protect kids) are stlll in Cuba. For several years they cluding some of the very substances the dis­ the small portion of our wetlands associated have been trying to get exit permits to get charge of which will be permitted by Section with traditionally navigable waters. There out from Cuba, but the Cuban Government 16. are at least four flaws in even this limited has denied them that permit, even though Sediments dredged from the bottoms of our cle•m: our families have air fare and visas to fly to streams and rivers are found increasingly to ( 1) Section 16 defines "adjacent wetlands" Spain or Mexico. be contaminated with toXic and carcinogenic as something distinct from "navigable Our goal is to get exit permits for our materials. One example is tl'>e presence of waters." Yet under other provisions of the families, so we could reunite with them, cancer-causing PCBs in Antietam Creek in 1972 Act, which are essential to make Sec­ but at the same time we don't forget 9 mil­ Maryland, a non-navigable tributary up­ tion 404 work, e.g., Section 301, it is only lion Cubans living in Cuba. We consider that stream of Washington's water supply intakes. "navigable waters" that are protected. So U.S. embargo against Cuba aimed to over­ Another example is the presence of kepone in "adjacent wetlands" are probably not pro­ throw Castro, has only imposed hardships sediment in a small trout stream in Pennsyl­ tected at all by Section 16. and sufferings to Cuban population. vania, some thirteen years after a company (2) The language of Section 16 excludes We advocate for lifting U.S. embargo on the stream stopped its discharge of the historical test of navigability. The result against Cuba, as the first step towards dip­ kepone. These dangerous chemicals persist is th .t many waters which are covered by the lomatic and commercial relations between in the sediment of many of the nation's traditional test of navigability are not pro­ both countries. tected under Section 16. When Arab countries in 1973 imposed an waters. the federal .1urisdiction of which oil boycott on U.S., it arose an angry reply would be abandoned under Section 16. When­ (3) Under Section 16, the wetlands aspects from U.S. Government, but at the same time ever these streams are dredged, for inst!l.nce of the Section 404 program can be delegated to the states without any statutory re­ U.S. has kept Cuba. for 15 years under a. total for a channelization or flood control program. trade embargo. the toxic materials can be released into the straints or criteria.. Yet the vast majority of states are unprepared at present to handle Latin American countries, at the begin­ water column, threatenin~ the aquatic en­ ning, backed the embargo, but today only a vironment, and in some cases human health. the Section 404 program. It is noteworthy that a recent study by the Interstate Commis­ few do it. The majority has established dip­ sion on Water Pollution indicates that of the lomatic and trade relations with Cuba, leav­ 2 Letter to Sen. Jennings Randolph from states which would seek to administer the the United States in an isolated position. Arthur L. Harper, General Development Cor­ Section 404 program only six met certain European countries, Canada and Japan poration, Miami, Florida, August 4, 1976. threshold tests of program adequacy. never bother to consider an embargo of IMarch 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6795 Cuba, and !or years had been enjoying a community and the entire city of Cleve­ history of community service. It is a half billion dollars market, without any land. The residents of her neighborhood long list, but I feel that it is important competition from the United States. look to Rubie McCollough for leadership to name them all to emphasize the ex­ If U.S. maintains cordial relations with tent of Mrs. McCollough's impact on our Russia, China, etc., as well as all kind of and guidance and she, Mr. Speaker, is a repressive regimes, we don't see any trouble most persuasive and eloquent spokes­ city: to start talks with Cuba. U.S.A. and Cuba woman for their legitimate concerns. No AWARDS are very close neighbors, it imposes ties that matter what the problem-a street in Kiwanis, Area Council Neighborhood neither country could ignore, like much nec­ disrepair, a troubled child, a family in Service award______1968 essary air piracy treaty and fishing agree­ financial need, a civic dispute-Mrs. Mc­ The Phillis Wheatley Association (23 ment. years service)------1969 Collough finds a way to get the job done. Cleveland Club of the National Associ- Besides other economic and political is­ As founder and director of the Har­ sues, there are too several humanitarians ation of Business Women's Club, problems, like family reunification, Ameri­ vard Community Services Center, 18240 Inc., Community Services award___ 1970 can citizens in Cuba's jails, homesick elderly Harvard Avenue, Cleveland, Mrs. McCol­ Silver Tankard award______1970 Cubans who want to return to Cuba, etc. lough has initiated a wide variety of Career Women's Civic Club, Commu- We believe there is a way only to find a comprehensive social services for the nity Service award______1970 solution to all difference between U.S.A. and Lee-Harvard-Miles community. Mr. NAACP, Community Participation Cuba, it is to lift the embargo of Cuba and Speaker, the center has preschool and award ------1971 to start negotiations to discuss all problems child care programs, tutoring, day camp, United Area Citizens · Agency, Dedi- without any preconditions. cated Service award______1973 Everybody in this country believes that family and individual counseling, and Southeast Economic Development Cor­ Cubans living in the United States oppose elderly day care, to name but a few. Fur­ poration Outstanding Achievement restoration of diplomatic relations between thermore, the center provides a central in Social Service______1974 U.S.A. and Cuba. That is a myth. We can meeting place for neighborhood organi­ City of Cleveland, Resolution for Out­ assure you that a great majority of Cubans zations and social groups, making it an standing Service______1974 living in this country wants U.S. to lift important focal point for community Library Advisory Committee, Resolu- economic embargo of Cuba and to normalize activities. tion of Appreciation______1974 relations. Northeast Ohio Areawide Coordinat- Mr. Speaker, we in Cleveland feel for­ ing Agency, Community Involve- Only a small minority opposes it, but un­ tunate that Mrs. McCollough chose to fortunately that mlnority controls the Span­ ment ------1974 ish news media in U.S.A., backed by power­ come to our city back in 1945. Prior to Lee-Harvard Community Association, ful economic and political groups. There are that time, she was a native of North Outstanding Service______1976 too, extremist groups spreading terrorism Carolina. Born in the town of Enfield, Future Outlook League, Outstanding a.mong Cuban com~unity in order to silence Mrs. McCollough later went on to re­ Work with Youth and Senior Citi- public opinion. ceive a bachelor of science degree from zens ------1976 If U.S. considers useful to consult Cubans Cleveland PIVOTS, Outstanding Com­ living in the United States, we suggest to North Carolina Central University. Dur­ munity Work______1976 make a poll among rank and file Cubans. ing the early years of her professional Poll results will show that a high percent­ career, she served as a high school Mr. Speaker, on April 1, 1977, Rubie age of Cubans favor diplomatic and com­ teacher, and as the secretary to the reg­ McCollough will add one more award to mercial relations between Cuba and U.S.A. istrar at Shaw University. In 1945, Mrs. her impressive list. From all over Cleve­ They feel that better relations between McCollough came to Cleveland to take a land and Ohio, her friends and relations both countries, will permit them to visit position at the Phillis Wheatley Associa­ will join to honor her at a testimonial their relatives in Cuba, at the same time dinner at the North Randall Holiday Inn. there will be better postal and telephone tion, where she remained for 23 years. communications, and much less restrictions Mrs. McCollough's professional career As an honorary chairperson of the to send goods and medicines to Cuba. is but one indication of her overall com­ testimonial dinner, I would like to take We have come to Washington to express mitment to her community. She is also this opportunity to ask my colleagues in our organization's views on the issues of very active in the Mount Zion Congrega­ the House to join me in praise of Mrs. normalization of relations between the tional Church, the NAACP, the Phillis Rubie McCollough. Her sense of dedica­ United States and Cuba. Wheatley Association, Lee Harvard tion and commitment to the well-being Cuban Group For Family Reunification of her community and city should stand very much hopes that present Administra­ Community Association, the Eldamere tion will reach an agreement with Cuba, to Street Club-West, Northeast Ohio Area­ as a shining example to all of us gathered end 17 years of "cold war" between both wide Coordinating Agency, Urban Serv­ here today. Mr. Speaker, Rubie McCol­ countries. ices Advisory Committee of the Cleve­ lough has given so much to Cleveland. Sincerely, land Public Library; the Cuyahoga Com­ All we can offer in return for her out­ MIGUEL A. BETANCOURT. munity College Evaluation · Committee, standing service is our admiration, our REINALDO TORRES. the S. Wilder Dietary Technology respect, and our continued devotion. FERNANDO MENA. School Committee of Cuyahoga Com­ munity College, the Cleveland Board of Education Evaluation Committee, and NATIONAL EMPLOY THE OLDER WORKER WEEK RUBIE McCOLLOUGH IS HONORED the Advisory Committee of Desegrega­ FOR OUTSTANDING SERVICE tion of the Cleveland Board of Educa­ tion. Mr. Speaker, 1\IIrs. McCollough's ' HON. JOHN BRADEMAS impact on the city of Cleveland has been so significant that two former mayors, OF INDIANA HON. LOUIS STOKES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF OHIO Ralph Locher and my brother Carl IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Stokes, elected her to serve on their top Tuesday, March 8, 1977 advisory commissions. Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, the Anyone of Mr. McCollough's stature week beginning March 13, 1977, has been Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise to­ and influence is a welcome addition to designated by Presidential proclamation day to bring to your attention and to the b<:>ards of trustees. She ·sits on the as "National Employ the Older Worker attention of my distinguished colleagues trustee boards of Community Action Week." This action should help to en­ in the U.S. House of Representatives, the Against Drug Addiction, past president; courage the private and public sectors of outstanding record of accomplishments the Lee-Harvard Community Associa­ American society to observe this week of Mrs. Rubie J. McCollough of Cleve­ tion, the Lee-Seville-Miles Development with appropriate activities and programs land, Ohio. Corporation, and is the vice chairperson encouraging employment opportunities Nothing could please me more, Mr. of Cuyahoga Community College. Her for older workers. Spe~ker, than to convey to you the deep former trustee positions were with the Mr. Speaker, large numbers of Ameri­ feeling of respect and admiration that I YWCA, the United Area Citizens cans are discovering that advancing age have for this remarkable woman. For Agency, and Fair Housing, Inc. is a serious barrier to job opportunities more than 30 years, she has been at the Mr. Speaker, I am sure that it comes because of the many false stereotypes forefront of the struggle for social, polit­ as no surprise that Mrs. McCollough has which are widely accepted about older ical, and economic survival in the black received numerous awards for her long workers. 6796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 The proclamation of National Employ March 1, 1977, news conference state­ parties, and are confident that there will be the Older Worker Week, which was ap­ ment by Mr. Leonard Woodcock, presi­ a broad coalition, embracing diver~e regional and ideological groups, supporting the proved by a joint resolution of Congress dent, United Auto Workers Union, re­ Riegle-Griffin and Dingell-Broyhill legisla­ on April 21, 1976, can help to create a garding the agreement on auto emission tion in their res~ectlve bodies of the Con­ more favorable climate for the employ­ standards reached by the UA W with my­ gress. What you see today Is the emergence ment of mature workers. self and Congressman JAMES T. BRoY­ of what will be an effort of great breadth Mr. Speaker, as chief sponsor of that HILL of North Carolina and Senators with a coalescing of support for the UA W resolution in the House of Representa­ DoN RIEGLE and ROBERT GRIFFIN of position. tives which was cosponsored by 219 other Michigan. We have introduced legisla­ I might say, in anticipation of the in­ Members of the House, I am pleased evitable question, that we are talking about to tion reflecting this agreement, H.R. 4444 a. substitute for the proposed amendments insert at this point in the REcORD the and S. 919. to the Clean Air Act only for the portion of proclamation of President Carter desig­ Mr. Woodcock's statement follows: the Clear Air Act Amendments on mobile nating "National Employ the Older STATEMENT OF LEONARD WOODCOCK, sources. Our proposal will not move to strike Worker Week." PRESIDENT, U A W nor to amend in any way the stationary [Presidential Documents] For some time the United Auto Workers source provisions of the pending legislation. PROCLAMATION 4487-NATIONAL EMPLOY THE has been concerned about the auto emis­ Let me emphasize that adoption of revised OLDER WORKER WEEK, 1977 sion standards contained in the Clean Air automobile emission standards is an urgent Act and in the pending amendments to that requirement. (By the President of the United States of There is widespread agreement that the America) Act. Our goal has always been to see the adoption, enforcement and monitoring of law presently in effect imposes requirements, A PROCLAMATION standards that are, first and foremost, con­ for 1978 and subsequent model years, which Our prosperity as a nation rests on our pro­ sistent with protecting the public health. are unnecessary and infeasible. The 94th ductivity as workers. Our happiness as in­ We have recognized that must utilize prac­ Congress clearly agreed with that conclu­ dividuals begins with our ability to find tical technology and be done in a. manner sion-alternative requirements were ap­ useful, rewarding jobs. that helps achieve the national goal of en­ proved by the Senate, the House, and the That is why I feel it so important that ergy conservation through increased fuel Conference Committee--even though no pro­ jobs be available for all our people able to efficiency in automobilel). posed revision received final approval. perform them-people in every region, of To this end, the UA W secured the serv­ It is important to remember that the 94th every religion and color, and of every age. ices of a totally independent and highly re­ Congress did enact mandatory fuel efficiency Time and again in our history we have bene­ garded expert on this i~sue, David Ragone, standards which first become applicable for fitted from the skill and dedication of our Dean of the College of Engineering at the 1978 model autos. The UA W supported that older workers. But too often prejudices and University of Michigan. We have endorsed legisle.tion, and pointed out that o · ~r con­ stereotypes-not limitations of ability-have Dean Ragone's recommendations, which re­ cern about the emission standards WhS based kept older Americans from fulfilling their full flect the most recent developments, regard­ primarily on the need for increased fuel ef­ potential at work. ing a timetable and goals for controlling the ficiency. There is a trade-off between in .. The law now recognizes our special respon­ three principal pollutants in automobile creases in fuel efficiency and deer ~a.ses in sibil1ty to assure older workers an equal exhausts: hydrocarbons (HO), carbon mon­ emissions. That should not override the con­ chance for jobs and promotions. Many pri­ oxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). cern for public health, but any unnecessary vate groups and organizations are now work­ Last month, in testimony to the Senate margine; of safety in the emission standards inE to improve prospects for older workers. Committee on Environment and Public should be eliminated. The efforts deserve our vigorous support. Works, I set forth the UAW position. That WhUe each of the auto emission bllls ap­ To encourage and support educational ef­ differed from both the Conference Comtnlt­ proved last year by the Senate, the House, forts designed to make employers more aware tee action last year and the desires of the and the Conference Committee provided the of the advantages of hiring older workers, auto companies, but I said then that the same standards for 1978 models, there was the Congress, by joint resolution approved UAW position "is not put forth as a bargain­ lack of agreement with respect to subse­ April 21, 1976 (90 Stat. 396), has requested ing position intended to achieve some other quent requirements. Rapid action is needed the President to issue a. proclamation desig­ objectives." The urgency of the situation re­ to resolve the questions regarding future nating the week beginning March 13, 1977, as quired that a focus be established for a re­ standards, or auto production wlll be se­ National Employ the Older Worker Week. alistic and responsible solution. verely disrupted with widespread economic Now, therefore, I, Jimmy Carter, President The key elements of the UAW proposed impact. Production of 1978 models is ex­ of the United States of America, do hereby standards for auto emissions and the at­ pected to begin this summer; the industry's designate the week beginning March 13, 1977, tainment schedule, based on Dean Ragone's only realistic option has been to assume as National Employ the Older Worker Week. recommendation, are as follows: that the applicable standards will be those I call upon State and local officials, a.s well agreed. upon last year. Engineering decisions, as labor, business, veterans, farm, religious, Model year: HC co NO" certification procedures, and other long lead scientific, professional and other groups, to 1978-79 ------1.50 15 2.0 time actions must be taken quite soon with join with older workers in making the Amer­ 1980-81 ------.41 9 2.0 respect 1979 models. Equally important 11.0 to ican people aware of the value of employing 1982 and later------. 41 9 preliminary manufacturing decisions must older men and women. I urge all Americans 1 EPA could increase up to 2.0 if air quality be made soon with respect to 1980 and later to observe this week with appropriate cere­ permits. Also EPA is to formulate program models. monies, activities and programs designed to of waivers, up to 2.0, for innovative engines­ Finally, I want to make it clear that be­ promote employment opportunities for older such as diesels-that can produce fuel econ­ cause of the emergence of broad-based sup­ workers. omy substantially higher than comparable port for the UAW proposal on emission In witness whereof, I have hereunto set vehicles. standards, it is our intention to wage a vig · my hand this 14th d'ay of February, in the orous fight in both the House and Senate for year of our Lord nineteen hundred seventy­ I would be less than candid if I did not the proposal outlined above. seven, and of the Indcpt'ndence of the United acknowledge that this position has been at­ States of America the two hundred and first. tacked, from different directions, as being Mr. Speaker, I also have inserted my JIMMY CARTER. either too lenient or too restrictive. statement on the auto emission agree­ we are convinced, ne7ertheless, that it is ment those of us in Congress have the correct position. reached with Mr. Woodcock-UAW and Because of our conviction that the inde­ which appears elsewhere in today's REc­ STATEMENT BY MR. LEONARD pendently arrived at UA W position is correct, ORD of Extensions of Remarks. WOODCOCK, PRESIDENT, UNITED we are especially pleased to announce today AUTO WORKERS UNION, ON AUTO that Representatives Dingell and Broyhill EMISSION STANDARDS AGREE­ and Senators Riegle and Griffin have all POSTHUMOUS A WARD CITES BUF­ agreed to adopt and to support the UAW FALO OFFICER'S HEROISM MENT WITH MEMBERS OF CON­ position outlined above. GRESS These able men have all previously intro­ duced legislation with different standards HON. HENRY J. NOWAK than those proposed by the U AW. The re­ OF NEW YORK HON. JOHN D. DINGELL vised legislation that they have now agreed OF MICHIGAN to introduce will include the UAW emission IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES standard!:', as well as other mobile source Tuesday, March 8, 1977 provisions of the legislation they introduced Tuesday, March 8, 1977 earlier in the 95th Congress. Mr. NOWAK. Mr. Speaker, on March 1. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I am We have already begun discussion with I inserted in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a pleased to insert in the RECORD the other Senators and Congre~smen, of both copy of a Buffalo Police Department re- March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6797 port detailing the heroic efforts of Officer TRIDUTE TO DAVID OBEY Since June, Obey has headed first a task force and now a commission of House mem­ Carl Reese, who died of a heart attack on bers and outsiders that is providing a broad February 1 after working long hours overhaul of internal operations-from the assisting victims during the blizzard that HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI scheduling of House sessions to the account­ began January 28. OF WISCONSIN ing system. On March 1 also, the Buffalo Police IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Though the ethics package passed by an Department posthumously awarded the Tuesday, March 8, 1977 overwhelming 402 to 22, that vote belied the department's Medal of Merit to Officer fight it took to get it passed. In the end it Reese. The award was received by the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, on was a motherhood issue the members were March 7 the Washington Post ran, what scared to oppose, but behind the scenes hard officer's widow, Elaine, and her son, Mi­ fights took place. chael, 8. is in my opinion, an excellent story on our distinguished colleague from Wisconsin, Last June, after Wayne Hays was toppled The following article from the March 1, Representative DAVID OBEY, under the when it was revealed he had put his mis­ 1977, editions of the Buffalo Evening byline of Mary Russell. tress on his payroll, Obey was appointed by News details the report of that award then Speaker Carl Albert to clean up the ceremony. The article accurately portrays Repre­ mess. Not the sex scandal mess--that was up sentative OBEY as a man of integrity, to individuals-but the mess Hays had left I would like to share this with my col­ strong-willed, honest, and hard-working. by using the chairmanship of the House Ad­ leagues as an example of the type of As a close friend, I can personally vouch ministration Committee to shower the mem­ devoted and dedicated service the citi­ for these attributes. bers with perks through the accounting sys­ zens of our Nation receive from our pub­ tem. lic safety officers. In his performances before this body, By July Obey had drafted a package that Representative OBEY h!ls consistently The Nation owes a great debt to men required members to account for almost and ably demonstrated his sensitivity to every penny spent on office expenses, travel of high caliber like Officer Carl Reese. people and his willingness to fight for and newsletters. He ended a practice of al­ The article follows: what he believes in. He is a public serv­ lowing them to take the stationery allow­ ONLY ROSES, MERIT MEDAL REMAIN FOR WIDOW ant in the true sense of the word. ance in cash and using it for anything from OF HEROIC OFFICER Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to call atten­ putting kids through college to buying a car. (By Mike Vogel) Obey acknowledges he thought financial tion and to share the Washington Post disclosure was enough. But he was convinced Lt. John Brown waited until the t elevision article entitled "Hot Blooded Obey Wins c3.meras, microphones and lights had all been by commission hearings and by Rep. Lee From Within," with my colleagues: Hamilton (D. Ind.) that outside income was cleared away. HoT-BLOODED OBEY WINs FRoM Wtl'HIN the source of an enormous potential for con• Then he walked quietly past the departing filet of interest. officials and reporters, over to the couch (By Mary Rus~ell) where Mrs. Elaine Reese sat with her son, Almost from the moment Rep. David R. Obey was also convinced by hi!S close Obey (D-Wis.) was elected to the House eight friend, Sen. Gaylord Nelson (D-Wis.). Nelson Michael. took Obey to see Senate Majority Leader "Here's a little something else," he mur-:. years ago at the age of 30, it was clear he was going to leave a mark on the place. Robert Byrd (D-W. Va.). Byrd agreed the mured, handing her a large bouquet of dark Senate must adopt a similar ethics code, red roses. What kind of a mark wasn't clear. "I think appointed Nelson to head the committee, and Amid the official praise for the young he probably got into a fight with George the two worked on the details of the package widow's late husband, Carl, the moment came Mahon on his very first day," Rep. Lloyd informally together. Meeds ( D-Wash.) said. as a time of personal regard from the radar Obey's first indication that the code he squad officers who had worked with him. Mahon, chairman of the powerful Appro­ wa:; producing was in trouble came when he For Carl Reese, 38, had made what police priations Committee on which Obey now b;:-gan to take it to committees that had officials, in awards presentations today, serves, was just the first one Obey took en. juri3diction over its various parts. termed "the final sacrifice." He wa:; appointed to a military subcommittee whose chairman made it a custom for mem­ First the ethics committee made a pro­ He died of a heart attack on Feb. 1, after bers to stand when high-ranking generals hibition on gifts so restrictive that a member would have to account for every desk calen­ long hours of aiding blizzard victims through and admirals appeared to testify. Obey re­ dar sent to him. the Jan. 28 storm. fused. The chairman sent a staff' member to For a series of rescues which included two inform Obey that he expected him to rise Then the House Administration Commit­ separate Inile-long trips on foot through the with the others. Obey told the chairman to go tee balked at its part. blizzard to bring medication to storm victilns, to hell. Obey flew into one of his rages. Sources Police Officer Reese was posthumously In the House, a man off' to that kind of said he marched in to Speaker Thomas A. awarded the department's Medal of Merit. start usually remains an outsider forever, (Tip) O'Ne111, who had endorsed his plan Mrs. Reese and her son, Michael, 8, were at playing the role of a dissident, a bomb for a new ethics code, and threatened to a special ceremony in the office of Police thrower, almost always in a minority, and abandon the project unless O'Neill got the Commissioner Thomas R. Blair, who pre­ rarely effective. committees in line. sented her with a plaque and citation. Though Obey remains as intense, blunt and O'Neill called the House Administration Later, she joined the families and friends hot-tempered as the day he came, he is now Committee members and that afternoon they of 25 more officers who were honored for their an insider, with a growing reputation as are­ adopted the package Obey wanted. heroism and service during 1976. former and seats on not only Appropriations The Rules Committee became the biggest In the larger Police Academy hall, officials but the Budget Committee and the Demo­ problem. presented the Medal of Valor to ten more cratic leadership group, the Steering and Obey wanted a ruling that would allow officers, the Medal of Merit to two patrolmen, Policy Committee. floor votes up or down on each proposal but and commendations to 13 men. He avoided becoming a. permanent outsider would prevent members from amending it to The award winners, previously announced by a capacity for hard work, a perfectionist death. The five cominittee Republicans were in The News, were congratulated by the com­ drive to be precise and not a shotgun at­ committed to opposing that rule. More im­ missioner and Erie County Sheriff Ken­ tacker, a willingness to learn, and an obvious portantly, at least four Democrats on the neth R. Baum for acts of heroism ranging concern for the institution. Rep. Richard 16-man committee had personal problems from fire rescues to the capture of armed Bolling (D-Mo.), 'Vho len.rned from Sam Ray­ with the income limit. suspects. burn how to work on the inside, became Claude Pepper (Fla.) and Morgan Murphy Commissioner Blair said that the awards Obey's mentor, teaching him to work with (lll.) had lucrative law practices. Shirley were recommended by a committee of police the leadership and use House procedures to Chisholm (N.Y.) was a star on the lecture officers of all ranks, and the fact that the get what he wanted. circuit. And B. F. Sisk (Calif.) oppos~d the highest honor, the Medal of Honor, was not Last week Obey insured his reputation for limit. awarned reflects "the very high standards of eff'eotiveness as he became responsible for O'Neill invited the Rules Committee Demo­ service these officers demand from their pushing through the House a comprehensive crats to breakfast, at which he pounded the brother officers." strengthening of the code of ethics, requir­ table demanding their cooperation. They were The men, he said, bad shown a common ing fuller financial disclosure, an end to the not convinced. Next day, O'Neill got tougher. abllity "to act without hesitation in the pur­ use of campaign funds for personal or un­ They wen all his personal friends, O'Neill suit of their sworn duty to protect the peo­ official office exJ;>enc;es, an end to "slush said, but by God they would find themselves ple of the city of Buffalo." funds" of private contributions for a mem­ on the District of Columbia Committee next In the back of the room, a young widow ber's unofficial exoense account, and a 15 per year if they failed him on this one. sat with her son, and listened. cent liinit on outside earnings. Every Rules Committee Democrat fell in CXXIU--428-Part 6 6798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 line. "He's got the guts to do what Speakers of Engineers, the Office of Management the further evaluation of projects. However, are supposed to do-lead," Obey said. and Budget, and the Council on En­ they concluded that they needed certain Adoption of the rule was the key vote on vironmental Quality, as well as the Soil data on all projects, presented in a standard the floor. The whip system went to work and format, in order to develop sound criteria it passed 266-153, almost a straight party Conservation Service of the Agriculture .for evaluating these aspects of each proj­ line vote. "Once you had that rule it was Department, and the President's Do­ ect. Enclosure 1 is a list of the types of data. very hard to attack each issue frontally," mestic Council. which the responsible agency will compile in Obey said. These representatives provided for the standard format for each project re­ "Obey thinks he's the goddamned Pope," those in attendance the following letter quiring further evaluation. The list is indic­ one member still chaflng over the income from Secretary Andrus and the attached ative but not necessarily all inclusive of limit said. "He thinks once he proposes some­ material which I believe should be made the areas to be covered by evaluation criteria. thing, it's got the doctrine of infall1btl1ty a part of the REcoRD for all interested As determined jointly by the agencies, and attached to it." at the appropriate time in the review process, "Obey's a tough and gutsy guy," said parties: more detailed information will be compiled Meeds, a member of the commission. He ac­ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, on individual projects including critical knowledged Obey's style may someday cause Washington, D.O., March 8, 1977. benefit assumptions, local conditions, and a backlash, but said, "His great strength is Han. HENRY M. JAcKsoN, impacts of alternatives. he's so honest and aboveboard and com­ Chairman, Committee on Energy and Nat­ Tasks which will proceed in sequence are mitted, he is forgiven a lot." ural Resources, Washington, D.O. the initial screening of projects, the compila­ It's not that Obey is a. protester of the DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: This letter is to re­ tion of data on the projects identified for '60's or even an angry young man from the port progress to date on the review of water further evaluation, and the evaluation it­ '50s. It's just that he's always been that way. resource projects directed by President self. The same process will be reiterated for In seventh grade he decked a nun who hit Carter. The purpose of the review is to carry the Department of Agriculture projects to him. In high school he became politicized out a complete evaluation of the 19 projects be reviewed by the July 15 deadline. when rlrJht-wing backers of Joseph McCarthy listed in the President's February 21st mes­ We shall let you know the results of these attacked his history teacher. sage to the Congress and of all other water steps as soon as they are completed. Obey got his master's degree from the Uni­ resource projects and to develop comprehen­ Sincerely, versity of Wisconsin in 1960, intending to be­ sive policy reforms. Although the President's CECIL D. ANDRUS, come a political science professor. But he February 21 announcement did not specifi­ Secretary. thought experience in the state legislature cally mention the Department of Agricul­ might help. At 24 he was elected from his ture, or the Tennessee Valley Authority, it INFORMATION BASE FOR FURTHER EVALUATION home county in Wausau. To make money was intended that small watershed projects OF WATER RESOURCE PROJECTS he tended bar at his father's supper club on (P.L. 83-566) and subwatershed projects (P.L. 78-534) were to be included in the proj­ Responsible agencies will compile the fol­ weekends. "That's where I really learned ect reviews, a.s well as the Tennessee Valley lowing information in a. standard format for about polltlcs. Members of the county board Authority's water resource development all water resources projects not exempted came in for lunch and after meetings, and I projects. from further evaluation by the initial screen­ really learned how county government op­ Representatives of the Department of the ing. erated." Interior, the Department of the Army, the A. ECONOMIC Obey is not finished with his work. He Department of Agriculture, the Tennessee 1. Federal and non-Federal Costs: still intends to go over the mana~Jement sys­ Valley Authority, the Council on Environ­ a. Total. tem of the House, do something about audits mental Quality, the Office of Management b. Sunk through FY 1977. ot accounts and the support systems before and Budget, and the White House Staff be­ c. To complete. (Tabulate total, land his commission goes out of business in De­ gan meeting on Friday, February 25, to de­ and relocations, and construction for each cember. velop criteria for carrying out the review. line.) He feels that the Republicans are attack­ At the flrst day's meeting the participants 2. Beneflt/Cost Ratios: in~ Congress as an institution and dra!:{ging agreed on the following three criteria a.s the a. Current Rate (6%%). Remaining Pri­ it down. "It's unfair as hell and politically basis for an initial screening to determine mary. Ftupid," he said. which projects do or do not require more b. Authorized Rate. Total Primary. hailed in the pre~s or wm do much for the detailed evaluation: c. Rate applicable for appropriations ln He does not believe that his work wm be 1. No additional major adverse environ­ fiscal year of initial construction funding. image of Coq~ress. But he himself is satis­ mental impacts would result from project Total Primary. fied. completion. 3. Average annual benefits and costs by 2. Ratio of remaining direct benefits to project output, including separate identi­ remaining direct costs exceeds unity when fication of any flood control benefits from REVIEW OF FEDERAL WATER RE­ discounted at a rate of 6% percent. protection of future development; effective SOURCE PROJECTS AND POLICIES 3. No credible question remains to be re­ non-Federal cost share by purpose, where solved concerning the safety o! project available. structures. 4. Amounts already paid and remaining to HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS Each of the construction agencies will be paid by non-Federal interests and project beneficiaries; terms of repayment. OF VERMONT screen projects authorized for installation for which funds are proposed for obligation 5. Status of Definite Plan Report or Design IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for installation during flscal year 1978. In Memorandum and Environmental Impact Tuesday, March 8, 1977 the case of the Department of Agriculture, Statement. the remaining authorized projects, proposed 6. Net direct employment impact both on­ Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, on for funding in later years, will be evaluated and off-site. Tuesday, March 8 the Environmental in the same manner by July 15, 1977. Proj­ 7. Whether opportunity costs associated Study Conference sponsored a briefing ects satisfying all three initial screening cri­ with foregone recreation beneflts and hydro­ for Members and staff on the adminis­ teria wlll be exempted .from furiher evalua­ electric power generation have been incorpo­ tration's upcoming comprehensive re­ tion. The screening and evaluation task rated in benefit/cost analysis. If not, esti­ force of each agency will include representa­ view of Federal water resource projects mate dollar value using market rates. tion from at least one other construction 8. Water use as proposed by project (irri­ and policies. President Carter ordered agency, CEQ, and OMB to help assure uni­ this review when he recommended a dele­ gation: volume of water diverted vs. volume form application of the criteria. These same of water consumed; municipal and indus­ tion of funds from the fiscal year 1978 agency task forces w111 carry out the furth­ trial: average dally per capita water usc). budget for 19 major water projects of er evaluation of projects to enable each De­ the Army Corps of Engineers and Bureau partmental Secretary and the Chairman of B. ENVIRONMENTAL of Reclamation. The briefing was de­ TVA to prepare recommendations on his pro­ 1. Significant impacts on: signed to provide Members and staff with gram prior to April 15. a. Agricultural and/or forest productiv­ ity (acreage, type; cropland, grazing land, information on the goals and scope of In their February 25 meeting the repre­ sentatives exchanged views on the criteria to forest). the review, its schedule of action, its pro­ be used for the further evaluation of proj­ b. Upland wildlife habitat (acreage, types visions for congressional and public in-· ects after the initial screening. This discus­ of wildlife affected) . volvement, and general criteria for proj­ sion brought out a number of differences c. Wetland habitat (acreage, type). ect evaluations. Information was pro­ among the projects of the four agencies and d. Commercial and/or sport fisheries re­ vided by a panel of representatives from the need to make allowance in the criteria sources (area, type) . for addressing the differing aspects in an e. Water quality (short-term, long-term; the key executive agencies involved 1n equivalent manner. · eutrophication, salinity, flow reductions). the review, including representatives The representatives reached agreement on f. Inducement for 1loodplaln development from the Interior Department, the Corps the aspects which should be addressed in (urban and agricultural acreage) . March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6799 g. Existing or potential recreational uses be very proud to have been chosen as a de:'initely serves to make the United States (type, magnitude). representative of the Voice of Democ­ a great place to live, that is, the importance h. Threatened or endangered species (spec­ racy. of the individual, represented by the letter ify). In his high school career, Craig Keefer "I". This is perhaps one of the strongest 1. Potential induced downstream floo~Ung points of the American philosophy. It is upon (magnitude, frequency). has received several outstanding honors. this concept that our voting system is based j. Cultural, historic, and archeological re­ A student at the Newburgh Free Aca­ and it is through this voting process that the sources (type, extent). demy, he is a national merit semi-final­ vast majority of decisions are made. This k. Parks, wilderness areas, wlld, or scenic ist, the recipient of the faculty math voting process determines the men and rivers (specify). award for 2 years, and the Optimist In­ women who will be representing us in our 2. Nature and extent of mitigation of or ternational Oratorical Contest. Craig is government, and that, perhaps, is the most compensation for any adverse impacts listed also the president of his school's chapter important decision that can ever be made. above and enhancement. So we see that the individual is at the very of the national honor society. In addi­ 1s C. SAFETY heart of our political system, and this an tion to enjoying and excelling in school, integral part of what America means to me. (Data required only for projects where Craig works 30 hours in the local grocery The "C" is a symbol of the cloudy days that credible questions remain to be resolved con­ store and even finds time for his hobbies, our country has already weathered. From the cerning safety of structures.) Whiskey Rebellion and the Civil War, right 1. Status of design in relation to stage of photography and magic. I wish Craig success in all his future on up to the political events of the past few project development. years, the strength of our country has been 2. Conditions requiring special considera­ endeavors, and in particular, in his stud­ under a constant challenge. The fact that we tion in design, such as seismic and founda­ ies at Rensselaer, where he plans to have survived these events and, in most tion conditions. pursue a course in mechanical engineer­ cases, emerged from them a bit stronger than D. INSTITUTIONAL ing. I am proud of Craig and very proud we were when we began is a very reassuring 1. Identification of beneficiaries, includ­ of the fact that such a fine young man is thought. ing for direct beneficiaries estimated num­ part of New York's 26th District. Finally, this brings me to the most encour­ ber of individuals, farms where available, In order to afford my colleagues an op­ aging part in what America means to me and and identification of all beneficiaries receiv­ portunity to share Craig's thoughts, I that is the Anticipation of the future, rep­ ing over 5% of direct project benefits. resented by thP last "A" in America. The cit­ 2. Any involvement with international ob­ insert Craig's fine essay at this point in izens of America can be very proud of the ligations. the RECORD: history of this country and the many ac­ 3. Extent of displacement of area residents. 1967-77 VFW VoiCE OF DEMoCRACY ScHOLAR­ complishments that have been inscribed in 4. Are costs within project authorization SHIP PRoGRAM, NEW YORK WINNER, CRAIG the annals of America. We can be happy to ceiling? ALLAN KEEFER think of how nice things were way back 5. Status of local assurances and contrac­ The meaning that the institution of Amer­ when, but that's not the end. Our country is tual commitments of non-Federal interests. ica holds for me can most readily be dis­ one in which much faith can be placed in 6. Extent to which project beneficiaries cerned through a brief examination of the spite of human errors of the past. Because of have been investments whose return is con­ letters comprising the word "America". Each this, we can look to the future with an atti­ tingent upon completion of the Federal proj­ of these letters stands for one of seven im­ tude of confidence and this is what has char­ ect. portant concepts that constitute what Amer­ acterized the prospects for the future of 7. Effect on Indians (Federal trust respon­ ica means to me. America since its birth in 1776. This makes sib111ties, etc.). The leading "A" in America brings to mind clear the one word that summarizes what 8. Litigation. the Ancestry that is shared by all of the peo­ America really means to me; and that word E. ALTERNATIVES ples of the United States without regard to is hope. It is only because of this word that I can truthfully say the things I have already 1. Reasonable alternatives where avail­ parsonal background. This ancestry of which I speak refers to the first American colonists. said. It is this word that will continue to able. It is necessary that this ancestry should form fortify the strength of America and it's this 2. What use of project can be made in the foundation of my meaning of America word that will give people the desire to sur­ present scale or what changes are necessary because these people and their beliefs formed vive. Hope, the strength of the past, the light to make it useful short of completion? the cornerstone upon which the United of the present and the key to the future! States of America was established. The "M" reminds us of the Melting Pot that Ameri~ trufy is. It is very difficult to CRAIG ALLAN KEEFER-NEW find another country with a populace com­ ANNOUNCING WORKABLE CLEAN YORK'S VOICE OF DEMOCRACY posed of people with so many different back­ AIR STANDARDS ESSAY CONTEST WINNER grounds. The variety of ideas and customs that these people have brought into this country have helped it become the great HON. JAMES T. BROYHILL nation that it is today. It is the combination HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN OF NORTH CAROLINA OF NEW YORK of the best of these customs and beliefs that has come to be known as the American tradi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion. Tuesday, March 8, 1977 Tuesday, March 8, 1977 The "E" in America represents the equality that, more and more, America bas come to Mr. BROYHTI.L. Mr. Speaker, for Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am proud represent. This equality is not limited to any several months congressional efforts to share with my colleagues New York's one prominent area but it applies to a num­ have been directed toward establishing winning essay in the Voice of Democracy ber of realms within our country. It might be a sensible clean air policy for our Na­ competition sponsored by the Veterans said by some that there is no true equality tion. Last week, my colleague JoHN of Foreign Wars in conjunction with the to be found anywhere in this country, how­ ever, this can be attributed to the fact that DINGELL, Mr. Leonard Woodcock and I Ladies Auxiliary to the VFW and the our country is, was and always will be com­ had the opportunity to announce the National and State Associations of posed of human beings, none of which is per­ formation of a new coalition to lead the Broadcasters. Craig Allan Keefer, of fect. The important aspect of this is that fight for a cleaner environment. A new Newburgh, N.Y., was chosen at a broad­ equality has been strived for throughout our set of automobile pollution standards, cast of NBC television to represent New history and presently this equality is becom­ embodied in H.R. 4444, marks a new era York in the final judging of the essays. ing more a reality than an ideal. of cooperation between labor, industry, Craig has accomplished what few high One of the greatest things about our coun­ try is that we have consistently had a gov­ Government, and the consumer which school students are able to, achieving ernment that was both responsive and re­ hopefully will result in an equitable and an honor which he will undoubtedly re- sponsible, signified by the letter "R." In effective program for combating our na­ member for a lifetime, having been general, our government has responded to the tional pollution problem. chosen over all the other contestants in needs and desires of its peoples, and in so I would like to take this opportunity New York State, and having succeeded in doing, it has become a tool for the benefit of to insert into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD creating a script which reflects the goals the people rather than an instrument for their exploitation. In addition, all of the my remarks from our press conference and philosophies of the Veterans of on March 1: Foreign Wars. The VFW's dedication to branches of our government have been ac­ countable to the people for their actions, a The Auto Emissions standards that we ad­ furthering the cause of democracy and factor which emphasizes America's demo­ vocate today will permit us to achieve our the insurance of democracy for all Amer­ cratic position. national clean air goals and at the same icans are truly worthy ideals. Craig must This brings up one of the distinctives that time will not result in unreasonable cost in- 6800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 'March 8, 1977 creases in automobiles which would have to New York Times describing a unique TV sion, to post a "Sorry, lost our picture" slide be borne by consumers. station in Jackson, Miss. when a black person appeared on a network John Dingell and I have repeatedly called The style of operation and different broadcast. Some Jackson residents who recall for a balanced approach to a clean air pro- those days say the deletion of blacks ex­ gram. It is my belief that the bill we are modes of programing are not the only tended to ballplayers in baseball telecasts. introducing represents the best combination reasons that WLBT is unique. The main WLBT was one of only two commercial of Environmental, Economic, and Consumer reason is that the general manager, Wil­ television stations in Jackson at the time, concerns possible. Last year, an inter-agency liam H. Dilday, Jr., is the only black gen­ and because it was considered an important study concluded that extreme pollution eral manager in America. local resource, the F.C.C. permitted the sta­ standards would result in much higher con- The station, which has no owner, turns tion to remain on the air on an interim basis sumer costs with relatively little to &how its profits over to educational projects in the custody of a newly formed nonprofit in the way of long-term air quality improve- that benefit blacks in Mississippi. organization. ments. A recent update of that study only That caretaker organization, Communica­ echoed that conclusion: That moderate, However, the station is in the midst tions Improvement Inc., with a biracial board more feasible standards would achieve the of a struggle to secure its license from of 18 prominent members of the community, same health benefits, at minimal cost to the the Federal Communications. Commis­ recruited Mr. Dilday-a Bostonian with the consumer. It told us that we could take into sion. physical proportions of a football player­ consideration the economic factors and con- Before Mr. Dilday took over the sta­ as operating head. cerns of our citizens without sacrificing their tion in 1972 the license was revoked from In what was represented as a temporary health. position, Mr. Dilday has already had a longer our bill, the Mobile source Emission its former owner. The revocation was the ruu than most network presidents have 1n Standards, addresses several of the problems result of racial discrimination. jobs that are purported to be permanent. encountered when attempting to control As a black I strongly support the is­ Mr. Dilday began with two handicaps: He automobile emissions. It protects the envi- suance, by the FCC, of a license to WLBT had never lived in a Southern city before­ roninent through a stringent schedule of and other black networks interested in in fact had never previously traveled below pollution controls. It protects the individ- entering the industry. Washington-and be had had a scant three ual by preserving his rights as a consumer. years of broadcasting experience as personnel It protects the working American by incor- I hope my colleagues will read the ar- director for WHDH-TV in Boston. porating an approach which is feasible both ticle which follows. I feel it will be very But during the five years of Mr. Dilday's economically and technologically. informative: stewardship, WLBT has increased both its We have included in the bill several pro- [From the New York Times, Feb. 24, 1977] share of the audience and its annual profits visions dealing with different segments of BEHIND THE SCENES AT WLBT IN JACKSON over what they had been under the Lamar the automotive industry. These sections of management. the blll are intended to preserve a competi- (ByLes Brown) "I never think of us as nonprofit," I\.fr. tlve situation and thus safeguard the rights JAcKSON, Miss.-What 1s unusual about Dilday said in an interview. "I play by all of the consumer as well as of the independ- television station WLBT here 1s not always the rules of commercial broadcasting, com-_ ent businessman. Specific provisions address apparent on the screen. Most hours of the pete the way the others do--worrying about the "after market" parts industry as well as day it is a fairly typical NBC affiliate carry­ demographics, audience-flow and the rest­ the ~housands of Independent repair and ing the standard commercial fare. and send all the money I can to my board maint:mance stations upon which we all de- The hints of unorthodoxy are in the locally of directors." pend. Our emissions schedule allows auto originated programing. A black newsman, Mr. Dilday expects this year's revenues to manufacturers opportunity to perfect and Walter Saddler, anchors the 6 P.M. newscast approach $3.7 million and the profits to be implement new, more etftcient .pollution- and a white woman, Marsha Halford, the 10 about $500,000. The profits could be con­ control technologies. This will be achieved · o'clock report. There is also a daily educa­ siderably higher, be says, but for the fact without sacrificing either our economy or tional children's program in the mornings that WLBT must pay $30,000 a month to the clean air goals. whose hostess 1s black and a weekly prime- former licensee, Lamar, for the use of its The 1970 Amendments to the Clean Air time documentary on local issues that oc­ facilities, equipment and broadcast tower. Act included a provision which has dimin- casionally examines outmoded laws in the "They're making more money out of this ished competition in the automobile after- state. now than they did when they held the li­ market and which threatens to have an even These alone set WLBT aoart from most cense, and they have none of the worries," Mr. greater antl-competltton effect in the near television stations in the uiilted States, but Dilday commented sardonically. future. The uncertainties surrounding the the real differences are behind the screen. TASK MORE DIFFICULT warranties provisions will give the consumer Since 1972, WLBT has )?een run by the only little choice but to return his vehicle to the black genetal manager in American televi­ Mr. Dilday's success with the station has dealer for warranty work, maintenance and sion, William H. Dilday Jr. made tbe F.C.C.'s task in awarding the li­ repair. The consumer might well have his About 40 percent of the station's staff 1s cense considerably more difficult than it service work performed more cheaply and black and more than one-third of the em­ would bave been 1f WLBT were struggling to as effectively by an in~ependeJ?t service ployees are women. The station has no owner, remain profitable. The station has an esti­ establishment, but he Will be tled to an and its profits-which are considerable-are mated market value of $18 million. automoblle dealer by the fear of losing his given away chietly to educational projects The commission came close to making a warranty protection. Our bill would provide that benefit black residents of the state. decision in 1973. After two years of holding that the maintenance instructions must in- comparative bearings on the five competing clude notice to consumers that they might LANDMARK COURT DECISION applicants for the license, an F.C.C. adminis­ have their service performed at independent How long WLBT will operate in this man• trative law Judge determined that it should service centers. It would also reduce the ner 1s uncertain. The Federal Communica­ go to an organization known as Dixie Na­ warranty to 18,000 miles or 18 months so as tions Commission must eventually award tional Broadcasting Corporation, which was to lessen the anti-competitive effect and re­ the license to a business concern. The agency 40 percent owned by Dixie National Life In­ duce consumer cost. has been weighing the relative merits o! surance Company. The purchase of an auto is often the sec­ five applicants for the license ever since Three of the principals of Dixie National, ond largest purchase of a lifetime. In my Lamar Life Insurance Company, in a land­ Rubel L. Phillips, William D. Mounger and judgment there 1s no need to set such strin­ mark court decision in 1969, lost its right James Roland, had been active in Republican gent standards as would drive up the cost to to broadcast on Channel 3 for pursuing a politics in Mi~issippi. All are white. The consumers in return for minimal environ­ policy of discrimination against blacks. three black shareholders in the corporation mental benefits. The contest for the license since then has controlled less than 4 percent of the stock. JAMES T. BROYHILL, taken bizarre twists and turns, and the in­ SINGLE NEW APPLICATION Member of Congress. volvement of citizens groups determined to However, soon after the recommendation see that blacks have fair representation in was made by the F.C.C., Mr. Phillips was in­ the new ownership bas added to the confu­ dicted in the $40 million Stirling Homex sion. The disposition of the license may still stock swindle, and last January was con­ BLACKS IN THE MEDIA be years away. victed of forging a signature to a Federal Lamar lost the license, after 15 years o! document in behalf of Stirling Homex. ownership, after the office of communication Another organization vying for the sta­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL of the United Church of Christ presented tion was effectively disqualified after its evidence, obtained from monitoring the sta­ OF NEW YORK principal figure, Charles Evers, a civil right.-; tion, that WLBT maintained racist policies activist and brother of the late Medger Evers, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in a city where blacks make up 40 percent published his autobiography, "Evers." In the Tuesday. March 8. 1977 of the population. During the civil-rights struggle, the sta­ book, Mr. Evers described himself as having Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, on Febru­ tion had given voice only to the segregation­ once engaged in a number of illegal activi­ ary 24, 1977 an article appeared 1n the ist point of view and was known, on occa- ties, including pandering and bootlegging, '·March 8, 1fJ77 EXTENSIONS OF REMA:RKS 6801 and thus revealed himself a.s a probable tax­ pie unwittingly delinquent in their property specific equipment requirements for pollu­ evader. taxes. tion control to the determination of word­ A few months ago, two of the applicants The broadcast said that most of those who ing that would be acceptable in an adver­ agreed to drop out, in return for reimburse­ lost their land in this manner were the poor tisement for plastic film and child-proof ment of their expenses, while members of and the elderly, ignorant of the Mississippi clcsures on containers for many products. the remaining three groups worked out a laws. Frequently they are blacks. But the study concedes, "it would be merger creating a single new applicant call­ The news department checked Mr. Dilday wrong to imply that all regulations are ing itself TV 3 Inc. for permission to include Mr. McClendon in wrong or unnecessary .... Many of the rules Whittling down the field of bidders to a the dccumentary, recognizing that in naming under which Dow must operate deal with single organization would seem to smooth him the station might appear to be inter­ expenditures that are necessary for the safety the way for an F.C.C. decision, but two in­ fering with the application for the license. and protection of our workers, our custom­ tluential citizens groups-the United Church "This has nothing to do with the license," ers and the public at large. of Christ in New York and the Community Mr. Dilday told the newsman. "If it is factual "The results show that Dow's managers Coalition for Better Broadcasting in Jack­ and pertinent to the story, we have to run it. recognize that under the present laws and son-have petitioned the F.C.C. to deny the Go ahead." regulations about 59 percent of the costs merger. covered by regulations are appropriate and Their opposition to TV 3 Inc. centers on thought to be necessary." The costs, the W11liam D. Mounger, its chairman and sec­ study points out, are passed along to Dow ond-largest stockholder, who, they contend, THE HIGH COST OF FEDERAL customers. holds segregationist views. In their filings REGULATION In conducting the study, the task force with the F.C.C., the citizens groups identify divided the company into 119 units which Mr. Mounger as a former official of a segre­ were examined individually. Regulatory costs gated private school. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK were identified by product or product fam­ "We don't think the merger will provide OF OHIO ily, business group and location and by gov­ the services we'd like to see delivered by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernment program involved. station," said Alex Waites, a member of the The task force chairman, Joseph Bevirt, Community Coalition. "While basically we Tuesday, March 8, 1977 a senior analyst on Dow's marketing man­ object to the backgrounds of some of the Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, on agement staff at Midland, Mich., conducted principals, we also find that blacks hold 31 interviews with managers of more than 100 percent of the stock. What we and the United numero11s occasions I have brought to the of the units examined. Church of Christ want is 51 percent black attention of my colleagues the high cost When the study was undertaken, it was ownership." of Federal regulation. Such regulation considered by some observers to be perhaps "We don't care how long this drags on," costs the businesses of our Nation-and the most detailed examination of the cost Mr. Waites said. ··we wouldn't care if the indirectly the consumers-billions of dol­ of government regulation ever undertaken by station were left the way it is, run by a care­ lars every year. a private corporation, and it was expected taker group." Dow Chemical Co. has completed a to be a pilot study for similar efforts by other ANNOYANCE EXPRESSED piuneering study in this field. The Dow corporations. Reuben Anderson, a black lawyer in Jack­ The Dow study covered 71 federal agencies study indicates that Federal regulatory whose activities concern the corporation. son who has specialized in civ11-rights cases activities cost the company $147 million a Dow this past January canceled plans to and is a. 'shareholder in the merged group as year. It also concludes that as much as well as its general counsel, expressed annoy­ build a $300 million petrochemical complex ance with the citizens-group opposition ..and $60 million of that amount is the result in California because of what the company despaired that "this thing could drag on to of either excessive or questionable regu­ considers regulatory roadblocks. An advance the year 2000." lation. These costs are passed on to Dow's copy of Oreffice's speech today says, "after "I don't think the United Church of Christ customers. more than two years and costs exceeding could ever be satisfied with any group of $4 million for an environmentally sound It is time that Congress gave careful project, we hadn't even reached first base in Mississippians that might be put together," consideration to the problem of Federal he said. "But here we have an opportunity the regulatory red tape maze." for blacks to control 31 percent of a profit­ overregulation. We cannot afford to con­ By the time the project was canceled, he able, successful broadcast operation. tinue adding billions of dollars to the said, Dow had obtained only four of the 65 "Some people think we're a bunch of Uncle cost of doing business. permits it needed from federal, state, local Following is an article from the March and regional regulatory bodies. It is still pos­ Toms for going along with this thing. But sible, though, that some parts of the can­ we have to make a start somewhere, to par­ 5 edition of the Washington Star that ticipate in something more than a beauty celed project may be built at existing Dow discusses the Dow study in more detail: operations on the Gulf Coast. shop. This is what the citizens groups ought REGULATION COSTS Dow $147 MILLION to be encouraging, rat her than opposing. "The issue is dividing a good black com­ (By Stephen M. Aug) munity here." The Dow Chemical Co., in what may be the Mr. Anderson said the expense of com­ first study of its type, has concluded that PARTNERSHIP COOPERATION NEED­ peting for a station license "makes it dif­ federal regulatory activities cost the huge ED, NOT CONFRONTATION ficult for blacks to buy Into this kind of op­ chemicals firm $147 million a year-and eration and tends to favor the wealthy about $60 m1llion is the result of either ex­ whites who can hang in." According to his cessive or questionable regulation. HON. THOMAS B. EVANS, JR. estimates, his organization has spent close The Dow study, which took a company OF DELAWARE task force about 15 months to complete, in­ to $300,000 since 1969 to remain in the con­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES test for the llcense and he personally has al­ dicates that the area in which the largest per­ ready invested $10,000. centage of excessiV>e regulation occurs is Tuesday, March 8, 1977 He said the new organization, TV 3 Inc., health and safety. The study says that of the had already made an offer to Mr. Dilday $22 million annual cost, $9 mlllion--<>r 41 Mr. EVANS of Delaware. Mr. Speaker, to remain as general manager, with assur­ percent--is clear!? excessive, while another $1 on February 7, 1977, I had the oppor­ ances that nothing at the station would million is questionable. tunity to speak before the Home Build­ be changed unless he wished tt to be. The study never has been marie public, but ers Association of Delaware. On that "Everyone has great respect for Bill a draft was made available to The Washing­ same night, Mr. Frederick V. Quercetti Dilday's ab111t1es," Mr. Anderson said. "He to... . Star, which had requested it some months was inaugurated as president of the as­ runs a tight ship and keeps everyone in line ago. Paul Oreffice, president of Dow U.S .A., sociation and made what I consder to be He's hired the best people, and the who!~ was scheduled to use some of the material in a talk today in Freeport, Tex. some very sensible remarks with respect staff respects him." to the future of our country. Mr. Dilday acknowledged receiving the The E Ludy separates the broad areas in offer, but said he had not accepted it, because which there is financial impact from federal As a member of the Housing Subcom­ he felt obliged to remain neutral until the regulation. Aside from health and safety, mittee, I was particularly impressed with matter of ownership was settled. these include: $63 million to meet environ­ Mr. Quercetti's comments on the partner­ Last week his neutrality faced an uncom­ mental requirements (including $19 m!llion ship which should be formed between fortable test when B. B. McClendon, Jr., one of excessive cost and $2 million question­ Government and the private sector. U of the key stockholders in TV 3 Inc. was able); transportation, $45 million ($16 mil­ we are to achieve economic progress, we identified tn the station's Wednesday night lion exceo::sive, $4 million questionable), and must have cooperation, not confronta­ "Probe" documentary as one of the real­ a miscellaneou~ area of $17 million, with $6 million of excessive cost and $3 million ques­ tion between these two important sectors. estate speculators (called "vultures" by some tionable. Government should stimulate and assist, in the program) who buy up land from peo- The regulations, the study says, range from not replace, the private sector. 680.2 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Ma'tch- 8, 1977 Mr. Quercetti also points out very tough. We are 25 % of the gross national OSHA DEFEAT PROVES YOU CAN clearly the basic fact that Government product. Building is a part of growth whether FIGHT CITY HALL it is home building, factory building, !arm by itself does not create money. Every building or city re-building. Whatever­ cent it spends comes from the taxpayers building is vital to the economic and cul­ HON. GEORGE HANSEN of this country. I hope that as we con­ tural health of our civilization. Without OF IDAHO sider the various pieces of legislation building and growth we will have only dust coming before the House, we will remem­ and ashes to give our children. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ber that it is the taxpayers' money which Our State is, as this winter clearly shows, Tuesday, March 8, 1977 a part o! the Northeast. Some people like to we are using to fund our many massive Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, Ronald programs. think t hat we are part of the South but The statement of Mr. Quercetti it is very clear that we are part of the North, Reagan has an enviable way with words at least in terms of the weather. We must which can weave a factual account into follows: all unite in an unprecedented spirit of co­ an interesting and inspiring message. INAUGURAL ADDRESS BY FREDERICK V. QUERCETTI operation. The private sector, along with His March 4 radio account of the story I will try to keep my comments short. the state governments of the Northeast, must and principles behind the successful We, whatever your position, builders, work hard to create a more productive apartment owners, contractors, bankers, atmosphere. fight to get OSHA's warrantless inspec­ lawyers, politicians, realtors, all of us who are We have to have a regional approach to our tions declared unconstitutional is both involved in the growth and development of problems. State and local governments must, plain and patriotic. Included here is a Delaware have some serious problems. Some on a regional level, remove the many needless reprint from the Reagan radio program: are unique to Delaware, some are unique bureaucratic rules and regulations that have MORE ABOUT OSHA to the Northeastern United States and some helped in bringing the Northeast to its knees. The other day, I said it was possible to are problems of Western civ111zation. We must compete as a region to survive. In fight city hall and even the marble halls 1n In reverse order I would like to talk about everything in nature we must compete so Washington. Here is confirmation of that our civllizatton. I am going to quote Ken­ let's stop griping about our problems, let's fact. neth Clark from his book Civilisation. I think face them; and turn them around. I mentioned a businessman in Idaho who he has a lot to say to us. Finally, the problems of Delaware. The had been encouraged by his Congressman, First on Civllization: "What is civ111za­ home builders of Delaware realize that with­ George Hansen, to stand up to OSHA. This tion? I don't know. I can't define it in out people, home building is pretty tough. isn't a case o! "let's you and him tlght"­ abstract terms. But I think I can recognize State and county government must realize Congressman Hansen has accepted the it when I see it. Great nations write their that the only real productive dollar that book of their deeds, the book of their words chairmanship of an organization called government has to spend is the money taxed "Stop OSHA". and the book of their art. Not one of these or borrowed out o! the individual or corpo­ books can be understood unless we read the B111 Barlow and his four sons have a two others, but of the three the only trust­ rate pocket. plumbing, heating and electrical subcon­ worthy one is the last . . . . Writers and Money does not come from God. It comes tracting business in Pocatello, Idaho. They politicians may come out with all sorts from the individual or the corporate pocket. have 35 employees in their famUy-owned of edlfylng sentiments; but they are what The government by itself creates no money. business. Bill said he knew that OSHA would get is known as declarations of intent. If I had It is our money. If you reduce the number to say which was telling the truth about of individuals and corporations in this state, around to him sooner or later. So, in the society; a speech by a Minister of Housing, and increase services or fail to live within meantime, he did a lot of studying and or the actual bulldlngs put up in his time. your means, the result is higher taxes that thinking. He came to the conclusion that I should belleve the buUdlngs." increasingly burden those individuals and such inspection of private property by gov­ Whatever civilization is, its bulldings and corporations left ln this state. This prob­ ernment was a violation of a constitutional its builders are baste to its Ufe. We live in lem of increasing taxes is even worse for right under the Fourth Amendment. Inci­ a time when it is fashionable to advocate no senior citizens and the poor who are den tally, OSHA bases its right to search building, no development and no growth. crushed by ever higher taxes. without a warrant on Section 8(a) of the It is no wonder that we have problems. Delaware must shed its anti-business, Occupational Safety and Health Act. Some say our civlliza.tion is in decltne. Mr. anti-growth image. Well, when the inspectors finally reached Clark said of decllne. "Decline shows that We must actively seek out new industry. the Barlow firm, Bill said "not without a however complex and solid civ111zatlon seems We must follow the example of the Sun warrant". You'll remember that, earlier, a. It 1s actually quite fragile. It can be de­ Belt states in the South and New Hampshire lady in New Mexico had done this and was stroyed. What are its enemies? Well, first of in the North. For fiscal sanity and reasonable upheld by a federal court. In Bill's case, all fear-fear of war, fear of invasion, fear taxes we need industry. We need new jobs however, OSHA declined to get a warrant of plague and famine that make it simply which will create revenue and new homes, and obtained a court order instead. Blll not worthwhile constructing things-and which in turn will create even more jobs and refused to obey the order and was cited for then exhaustion, the feeling of hopelessness more revenue. contempt of court. He petitioned for the which can overtake people even with a high empanelling o! a three-judge court, chal­ Certainly growth costs money, but the lack lenging the constitutionality of Section degree of material prosperity." of growth costs even more money. Clark said civ111zation requires confi­ 8Ca) of the OSHA Act. On December 30th, We can't have it both ways. Either we are the U.S. District Court ruled in his favor, dence--confidence in society, belief in its going to grow and meet the challenge of the philosophy, bellef ln Its laws. Civllization ruled that Section S(a) iS, Indeed, uncon­ future or we are going to have no-growth stitutional and that it "directly offends needs vigor, energy and vitality; ln other and stagnation. words that bad word, the unspeakable word against the prohibitions of the 4th Amend­ We builders want to see tax reform. Taxes, ment of the Constitution of the United "Growth". for example, on corporate executives are too I am sick and tired of the no-growth at­ States of America." high. It is these corporate officers who Btll Barlow still faces the contempt cita­ titude that prevails 1n our civillzatlon. We decide whether new installations should cannot stand still and take a breath and stop tion but 1s hopeful it wlll be dismissed. So grace our state. If we tax them at a ridic­ am I. Here is a citizen who, like the farmers growth. No people have ever been able to ulous level they certainly wm not choose do that. The Romans tried lt, so did 15th at Concord Bridge, took a stand for what he Delaware. They w111 go some place else. believes is right and, thanks to him, freedom century Spain. Their attitude was, now that I call for government reform. County and I have made it let's st op everything so that I is a little more secure for all of us. can keep what I have. The attitude that now state government must complement each This may well be a landmark decision. that I have made lt, let's stop everything so oth er, not duplicate the same services. We OSHA has announced it will appeal to the that I can keep what I have, fails. It fails are much too small a state !or two county U.S. Supreme Court but, in the meantime, because it denies jobs to the young, the pos­ governments or two state governments. suspend further inspection in Idaho. eon:. sibillty of a better life for the poor, incentive Delaware has its own port, rail connections, gressman Hansen has said this isn't good to be creative, for those who would create, an interstate highway, excellent airport enough; that, pending a Supreme Court and financial security. facilities and a major International Airport decision, inspections everywhere should be Our clvlUzatlon must grow; we must not on its doorstep. We homebuilders offer our suspended. He ls introducing a resolution be afraid to face the challenges of the fu­ help and co-operation, along with other to that effect 1n Congress. ture. We must have confidence ln our abUity parts of the private sector in bringing hope Powerful forces are rallying to support to meet the needs of the future through a and vitality to this State. OSHA and first in 11ne 1s the AFL-CIO. new partnership between government and With the advantages we have the present Bureaucracy itself feels threatened because the housing sector the private sector and state of economic stagnation in Delaware OSHA isn't the only agency that has been labor. is absolutely Inexcusable. We implore all of guilty of search-and-find-guilty missions. We are all interdependent on each other. The AFL-CIO claims that all government in­ No sector can enjoy the luxury of going it you to help us. We especially implore those alone. It is important that all sectors realize of you in government to understand the spections a.re threatened, but this is a. scare that the building industry is not some or­ issues of growth for all of our sakes. tactic exaggeration. phan to be cast out when the going gets Help us to help Delaware. The court, in its decision, specifically , . March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS' OF REMARKS 6803 stated that heavily regulated industries; 10:00 a.m. Environment and Public Works those, for example, having to do with food Appropriations To review those items in the Presidential and drugs could be subject to warrantless Foreign Operations Subcommittee budget for fiscal year 1978 which fall inspections as a condition for obtaining To resume hearings on proposed budget within its legislative jurisdiction with licenses and that this would not be a viola­ estimates for fiscal year 1978 for for­ a view to making recommendations tion of constitutional rights. eign aid programs to hear testimony thereon to the Budget Committee. The people should be on the side of Bill on funds for the Peace Corps, the In­ 4200 Dirksen Building Barlow. All that he is asking and all that ter-American Foundation, Interna­ 11:00 a.m. the District Court upheld is that shop­ tional Organizations and Programs, Foreign Relations keepers, farmers and manufacturers should and U.N. Environmental Fund. Subcommittee on Foreign Assistance have the same constitutional protection we 1318 Dirksen Building To hold hearings to receive testimony give to suspected criminals; they can't be Appropriations from Administration witnesses con­ searched without a warrant showing prob­ Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ cerning international financial insti­ able cause. ernment Subcommittees tutions. To continue hearings on proposed budg­ 4221 Dirksen Building et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for 1:30 p.m. certain units in the Executive Office of Appropriations SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS the President, and for the Office of Agriculture Subcommittee SCHEDULED Federal Procurement Policy. To hold hearings on proposed budget 1224 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, agreed Appropriations Department of Agriculture. to by the Senate on February 4, 1977, Defense Subcommittee 1114 Dirksen Building calls for establishment of a system for To continue closed hearings on proposed 2:00p.m. a computerized schedule of all meetings budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 Appropriations and hearings of Senate committees, sub­ for the Defense Establishment, to hear Public Works committees, joint committees, and com­ Navy witnesses on procurement pro­ To continue hearings on proposed budg­ grams. et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for mittees of conference. This title requires 1223 Dirksen Building public works projects, to hear repre­ all such committees to notify the Office Appropriations sentatives of the Bureau of Reclama­ of the Senate Daily Digest-designated Defense Subcommittee tion. by the Rules Committee-of the time, To continue closed hearings on proposed S-126, Capitol place, and purpose of all meetings when budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 Appropriations scheduled, and any cancellations or for the Defense Establishment, to hear Treasury, Postal Service and General Gov­ changes in meetings as they occur. Navy witnesses on procurement pro­ ernment Subcommittee grams. To continue hearings on proposed budg­ As an interim procedure beginning 1223 Dirksen Building et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for February 21, and until the computeriza­ Appropriations U.S. Postal Service, the Office on Fed­ tion of this information becomes opera­ Mllitary Construction Subcommittee eral Paperwork. tional, the office of the Senate Daily To resume hearings on proposed budget 1224 Dirksen Building Digest will prepare such information estimates for fiscal year 1978 for mili­ Energy and Natural Resources daily for printing in the Extensions of tary construction programs. To consider S. 925, to provide the Secre­ S-146, Capitol tary of the Interior with temporary Remarks section Of the CONGRESSIONAL Armed Services authority to take actions to mitigate RECORD. Subcommittee on Research and Develop­ the adverse impacts of the 1976-77 Any changes in committee scheduling ment drought on Federal Reclamation Proj­ will be indicated by placement of an To resume closed hearings on fiscal year ects, and S. 36, authorizing funds for asterisk to the left of the name of the 1978 authorizations for Navy research certain programs of the Energy Re­ unit conducting such meetings. and development programs. search and Development Administra­ 224 Dirksen Building tion for fiscal year 1977. Meetings scheduled for Wednesday, Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 3110 Dirksen Butlding March 9, may be found in the Daily Di­ To hold oversight hearings on the state Judiciary gest section of today's RECORD. of the U.S. banking system. Business on committee organization. The schedule follows: 5302 Dirksen Building Room to be announced Finance MEETINGS SCHEDULED MARCH 11 To hold hearings on the proposed Tax 9:00a.m. MARCH 10 Reduction and Simplification Act of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 9:00a.m. 1977 (H.R. 3477). To continue hearings on proposed leg­ Armed Services 2221 Dirksen Building islation to amend and extend the Agri­ Subcommittee on Tactical Air Power Budget culture and Consumer Protection Act. To hold closed hearings on proposed To hold hearings in preparation for re­ Un til: Noon 322 Russell Bullding military procurement authorizations porting the first concurrent resolution 9 :30 a.m. for fiscal year 1978 for tactical weap- on the fiscal year 1978 budget to re­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation ons. ceive testimony on welfare programs. To hold oversight hearings on the im­ 212 Russell Building 357 Russell Building plementation of the Marine Mammal Energy and Natural Resources Protection Act. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry To hold hearings on the nominations of To continue hearings on proposed legis­ Guy Richard Martin, of Alaska, to be 5110 Dirksen Building lation to amend and extend the Agri­ an Assistant Secretary of the Interior; Finance culture and Consumer Protection Act. and Robert L. Herbst, of Mi,..,nesota, to To hold hearings on the proposed Tax Until: Noon be Assistant Secretary of the Interior Reduction and Simplification Act of 322 Russell Building for Fish and Wildlife. 1977 (H.R. 3477) . Environment and Public Works 3110 Dirksen Building 2221 Dirksen Building To hold hearings to review Presidential Human Resources 10:00 a.m. budget requests for fiscal year 1978 for Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research Appropriations the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Defense Subcommittee 4200 Dirksen Building To hold hearings to receive testimony on To continue closed hearings on pro­ 9 :30a.m. procedures used by the Food and Drug posed budget estimates for fiscal year Administration for testing new drugs. Appropriations 1978 for the Defense Establishment, to 4232 Dirksen Building Interior Subcommittee Select Intell1gence hear Air Force witnesses on procure­ To resume hearings on proposed budget Subcommittee on Budget Authorization ment programs. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To resume closed hearings on proposed 1223 Dirksen Building Department of the Interior, to hear fiscal year 1978 authorizations for Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs officials of the Geological Survey. Government intelligence activities. To continue oversight hearings on the 1114 Dirksen Building S-407, Capito] state of the U.S. banking system. Finance 10:30 a.m. 5302 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on the nomination of Commerce, Science, and Transportation Budget Arabella Martinez, of the District of Merchant Marine Subcommittee To hold hearlne:s in preparation for re­ Columbia, to be an Assistant Secre­ To hold hearings on bills calling for porting the first concurrent resolution tary of Health, Education, and Wel­ more stringent oll tanker safety on the fiscal year 1978 budget, to re• fare, 9:30a.m. standards: (S. 682, 568, 182, 715) . ceive testimony on health programs. 2221 Dirksen Butldtng 5110 Dirksen Building 357 Rusesell Building 6804. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 Foreign Relations Council of Economic Advisers, the 10:00 a.m. To review items in the Presidential CouncU on Wage and Price Stability, Appropriations budget for fiscal year 1978 which fall the National Security Council, and the Foreign Operations Subcommittee within its legislative jurisdiction, to National Center for Productivity and To resume hearings on proposed budget be followed by closed briefing by Quality of Working Life. former Defense Secretary Clifford on estimates for fiscal year 1978 for for­ 1224 Dirksen Building eign aid programs to hear Secretary of his recent trip to Greece, Turkey and Appropriations Cyprus. Defense Brown. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Building S-116, Capitol To continue hearings on proposed Appropriations Human Resources budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Labor-HEW Subcommittee for the Veterans' Administration, To resume hearings on proposed budget Humanities American Battle Mounments Commis­ To hold hearings on S. 701, to provide estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the sion, and for the U.S. Army Cemeterial National Institutes of Health. Federal financial assistance to edu­ Expenses. cationalinstitutions to meet the emer­ S-128, Capitol 1318 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs gency caused by high fuel costs and Appropriations shortages. To hold hearings on corporate bribery Labor-HEW Subcommittee and investment disclosure legislation. 4232 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on proposed budget 11:00 a.m. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 5302 Dirksen Building Special Aging Budget National Institutes of Health. To hold hearings in preparation of re­ Business meeting. S-128, Capitol 155 Russell Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs porting the first concurrent resolution MARCH 14 Subcommittee on International Finance on the fiscal year 1978 budget, to re­ 9:00a.m. ceive testimony on the overall eco­ To hold hearings on S. 69 and 92, to nomic outlook. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry amend and extend the Export Admin­ To continue hearings on proposed legis­ istration Act. 357 Russell Building lation to amend and extend the Agri­ 5302 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation culture and Consumer Protection Act. Energy and Natural Resources Consumer Subcommittee Until: Noon 322 Russell Building To hold hearings on S. 9, proposed Outer To hold oversight hearings on causes of 10:00 a.m. Continental Shelf Lands Act Amend- deaths and injuries involving cars and Appropriations ments. tractor trailers. HUD-Tndependent Agencies 3110 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building To resume hearings on proposed budget Select Intelligence Subcommittee on Energy Research and estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Subcommittee on Budget Authorization Water Resources Veterans• Administration. To resume closed hearings on proposed To hold hearings on proposed authoriza­ 1318 Dirksen Building fiscal year 1978 authorizations for tions for fiscal year 1978 for the Appropriations Government intell1gence activities. Energy Research and Development Transportation Subcommittee S-407, Capitol Administration, with testimony on To resume hearings on proposed budget 2:00p.m. nuclear aspects. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Appropriations 3110 Dirksen Building Federal Railroad Administration; and Treasury, Postal Service and General Gov­ Select Intelllgence to consider supplemental appropria­ ernment Subcommittee Subcommittee on Budget Authorization tions for fiscal year 1977 for activities To continue hearings on proposed budget To resume closed hearings on proposed fal11ng within the subcommittee's estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the fiscal year 1978 authorizations for jurisdiction. Federal Election Commission, the Civil Government intelligence activities. 1224 Dirksen Building Service Commission, the Defense Civil S-407, Capitol Judiciary Preparedness Agency and the Federal 10:30 a.m. To resume hearings on S. 11, and printed Labor Relations Council. Commerce, Science, and Transportation amendment No. 40 thereto. providing 1224 Dirksen Building Merchant Marine Subcommittee for the aopointment of additional dis­ Appropriations To hold hearings on bills calling for trict judges. Public Works Subcommittee more stringent oil tanker safety 2228 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budget 2:00p.m. standards (S. 682, 586, 182, 715). estimates for fiscal year 1978 for pub­ 5110 Dirksen Building Appropriations He works projects. 2:00p.m. Publlc Works Subcommittee Room to be announced Appronrlattons To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Appropriations Public Works Subcommittee et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for public works pro.1ects. Labor-HEW Subcommittee To resume hearinczs on pronosed bud~et Room to be announced To resume hearings on proposed budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 for public Appropriations estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the works programs t<> hear renresen ta­ Transportation Su bcommlttee National Institutes of Health. tives of the Energy Research and De­ To continue hearings on proposed budg­ S-128, Capitol velopment Administration. et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Appropriations Room to be announced the Federal Railroad Administration. Foreign Operations Subcommittee MARCH 17 9:30a.m. 1224 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budget MARCH 15 Appropriations 9:00a.m. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for for­ eign aid programs, to hear officials of Interior Subcommittee Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry the Department of Defense and AID. To continue hearings on orooosed legis­ To continue hearings on propo"'ed budget lation to amend and extend the Agri­ 1318 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the culture and Consumer Protection Act. Appropria tlons Bureau of Indian Affairs. Until Noon 322 Russell BuUding Labor-HEW Subcommittee 1114 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. To continue hearings on proposed budget 10:00 a.m. Approprlattons estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Appropriations Interior Subcommittee National Institutes of Health. Treasurv, Postal Service and General Gov­ To resume hearine:s on oroposed budget S-128, Capitol ernment Subcommittee estimates for fiscal year 1978 and on MARCH 16 To continue hearings on proposed bude;et pronosed supolemental aonronriations 9:30a.m. estimates for fiscal vear 1978 fot" the for fiscal year 1977 for the Trust Terri­ Appropriations Committee for the Purchase of Prod­ tory of the Pacific Islands. Interior Subcommittee ucts and S~>rvices for the Blind and 1114 Dirksen Bullding To resume hearings on proposed supple­ Other Severelv JJandicapped, General 10:00 a.m. mental appropriations for fiscal year Services Administration. Aooropriations 1977, and on proposed budget esti­ 1318 Dirksen Building Treasury, Postal Service and General Gov­ mates for fiscal year 1978 for the ad­ Appropt'ia.tions ernment Subcommittee ministration of the Trust Territory of Labor-FEW Subcommittee To continue hearinl!s on nronos"ld budg­ the Pacific. To continue hearings on pronoc:ed bude:et et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 1114 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the March 8, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6805 Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Commerce, Science, and Transportation ficials of the Defense Communications Health Administration, and Saint Subcommittee on Aviation Agency, Mapping Agency, Nuclear Elizabeth's Hospital. To hold hearings on bllls proposing reg­ Agency, and Supply Agency. S-128, Capitol ulatory reform in the air transporta­ 1223 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs tion industry, including S. 929 and Appropriations To mark up proposed legislation to ex­ s. 689. Foreign Operations Subcommittee tend the Export Administration Act 5110 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on proposed budget and related matters. Human Resources estimates for fiscal year 1978 for for­ 5302 Dirksen Building Handicapped Subcommittee eign aid programs, to hear officials of Budget To hold oversight hearings on develop­ AID. To hold hearings in preparation for re­ mental disabilities. 8-126, Capitol porting the first concurrent resolution Room to be announced Appropriations on the fiscal year 1978 budget. Small Business HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee 357 Russell Building To hold hearings to consider the impact To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation of product safety regulations on small et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Subcommittee on Science and Space businesses. the National Aeronautics and Space To resume hearings on S. 365, authoriz­ 318 Russell Building Administration. ing funds for fiscal year 1978 for the 10:00 a.m. 1318 Dirksen Building National Aeronautics and Space Appropriations Appropriations Administration. HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Labor-HEW Subcommittee 235 Russell Building To resume hearings on proposed budget To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Energy ancJ. Natural Resources estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Subcommittee on Energy Research and National Aeronautics and Space Ad­ the Office of the Assistant Secretary Water Resources ministration. for Education and the Commissioner To hold hearings on proposed author­ 1318 Dirksen Building of Education. izations for fiscal year 1978 for the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 8-128, Capitol Energy Research and Development Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Appropria tlons Administration. To hold oversight hearings on the ac· Treasury, Postal Servlce, and General Gov­ 3110 Dlrksen Building tivities of the Electronic Fund Trans­ ernment Subcommittee Select Intelligence fer System Commission. To continue hearing on proposed budg­ Subcommittee on Budget Authorization 5302 Dirksen Building et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for To hold closed hearings on proposed Energy and Natural Rescurces the Department of the Treasury, the fiscal year 1978 authorization for Gov­ To hold hearings on proposed legislation Postal Service, and General Govern­ ernment intelligences activities. dealing with utilization of coal re­ ment. S-407, Capitol sources. 1224 Dirksen Building 10:30 a.m. 3110 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Commerce, Science, and Transportation Government Affairs Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Merchant Marine Subcommittee Energy Subcommittee To hold oversight hearin~s on activities To hold hearings on bills calling for To hold hearings on S. 897, to strengthen of the Electronic Fund Transfer Sys­ more stringent oil tanker safety stand­ U.S. policies on nonproliferation and tem Commission. ards (S. 682, 586, 182, 715). to reorganize certain export functions 4302 Dirksen Building 5110 Dirksen Building of the Federal Government to promote Budget 2:00p.m. more efficient administration. To hold hearings in preparation for re­ Appropriations 6226 Dirksen Building porting the first concurrent resolu­ Labor-HEW Subcommittee 2:00p.m. tion on the fiscal year 1978 budget, to To continue hearing~ on proposed budget Appropriations receive testimony on U.S. Monetary estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Public Works Subcommittee pollcy. Health Resources Administration. To resume hearings on proposed budget 357 Russell Building S-128, Capitol estimates for fiscal year 1978 for pub­ Energy and Natural Resources Appropriations lic works programs, to hear represent­ Subcommittee on Energy Research and Treasury, Postal Service and General Gov­ atives of Environmental Research and Water Resources ernment Subcommittee Development Administration. To hold hearings on proposed authoriza­ To continue hearings on proposed budget Room to be announced tions for fiscal year 1978 for the Energy estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the MARCH 22 Research and Development Adminis­ Committee for the Purchase of Prod­ 9:30a.m. tration. ucts and Services for the Blind and Appropriations 3110 Dirksen Building Other Severelv Handicapped, Genera! Interior Subcommittee Services Administration. Governmental Affairs To resume hearings on proposed budget Energy Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To hold hearings on S. 897, to strengthen Appropriations Office of the Secretary; the Office of Public Works Subcommittee U.S. policies on nonproliferation and the Solicitor; and the Navajo-Hop! to reorganize certain export functions To resume hearings on proposed budget Relocation Commission. of the Federal Government to promote estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Pub­ 1114 Dirksen Building more efficient administration. lic Works pro~rams, to hear testimony Commerce, Science, and Transportation 6226 Dirksen Building on national security programs. Communications Subcommittee Governmental Affairs Room to be announced To hold hearings to inquire into domes­ MARCH 18 tic communications common carrier Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Rela­ 10:00 a.m. policies (i.e., telephones, computers, tions Appropriations To hold hearings on S. 2, to require re­ Defense etc.). authorization of Government programs 235 Russell Building at least every 5 years (proposed Sun­ To resume hearing-s on propo.,ed budget Commerce, Science, and Transportation estimates for fiscal year 1978 for re­ set Act). Subcommittee on Aviation 3302 Dirksen Building search, development, testing and To hold he-riPgs on bills proposing reg­ evaluation program of the Army. ulatory reform in the air tranc:oorta­ Select Intelligence 1223 Dirksen Building tion industry, including S. 292 and Subcommittee on Budget Authorization Commerce, Science, and Tranc:portation s. 689. To resume closed hearings on proposed Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ 5110 Dirksen Building fiscal year 1978 authorizations for Gov­ mittees ernment intelligence activites. To hold over~ight hearings on ocean Human Resources Handicapped Subcommittee S-407, Capitol shipping practices. 2:00p.m. 235 Russell Building To receive testimony on the administra­ MARCH 21 tion's legislative propo!'als for pro­ Approprlations 9:30 a .m. grams for the handicanped. Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ Commerce, Science, and Tranc;po;tation Room to be announced ernment Subcommittee Communicationc; Sttbcommittee 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on proposed To hold hearin!!'s to inaPire into domec;­ Aporo9riations budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 tic communications common carrier Defense Subcommittee for the Department of the Treasury, policies (i.e., telephone, computers, To continue he-rings on proposed budg­ the Postal Service, and General Gov­ etc.) et estlm.ates for fiscal year 1978 for ernment, to heal' public witnesses. 235 Russell Building the defense establishment, to hear of- 1224 Dirksen Building

• 6806 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 8, 1977 Appropriations 10:00 a.m. Energy and Natural Resources Labor-HEW Subcommittee Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy Research and To continue hearings on proposed Labor-HEW Subcommittee Water Resources budget estimate for fiscal year 1978 To continue hearings on proposed budget To hold hearings on proposed authoriza­ for the National Institute of Educa­ estimates for fiscal year 1978 for pro­ tions for fiscal year 1978 for Energy tion. grams for education of the handi­ Research and Development Adminis­ S-128, Capitol capped, and for occupational, voca­ tration. MARCH 23 tional, and adult education programs. Room to be announced 9:30a.m. 8-128, Capitol 11:00 a.m. Appropriations Appropriations Veterans' Affairs Interior Subcommittee Foreign Operations Subcommittee To hold hearings to receive legislative To continue hearings on proposed To continue hearings on proposed budget recommendations for 1977 from offi­ budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 estimates for fiscal year 19'78 for for­ cials of Amvets for the Bureau of Land Management. eign aid programs, to hear officials of Until: Noon 1114 Dirksen Building AID. MARCH 28 Commerce, Science, and Transportation 1378 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Communications Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings to inquire into domes­ To hold hearings on S. 406, the proposed Subcommittee on Aviation tic communications common carrier Community Reinvestment Act. To hold hearings on bllls proposing regu­ policies (i.e., telephone, computer, 5302 Dirksen Building latory reform in the air transporta­ etc.). Commerce, Science, and Transportation tion industry, including S. 292, and Commerce, Science, and Transportation Surface Transportation Subcommittee s. 689. Subcommittee on Aviation To hold hearings on proposed legislation 5110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on bills proposing reg­ authorizing funds for fiscal year 1978 10:00 a.m. ulatory reform in the air transporta­ for the u.s. Rallway Association--Of­ Appropriations tion industry, including S. 292, and fice of Rail Public Counsel. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee s. 689. 235 Russell Building To resume hearings on proposed budget 5110 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 10:00 a.m. To hold oversight hearings on the pro­ Department of Housing and Urban Appropriations posal for an international petroleum Development Labor-HEW Subcommittee transshipment port and storage center 13~8 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budg­ to be located on the ~lau District, Appropriations et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Western Caroline Islands, Trust Terri­ Public Works Subcommittee elementary and secondary education tory of the Pacific Islands. To continue hearings on proposed budg­ programs. 3110 Dirksen Building et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for 8-128, Capitol Energy and Natural Resources public works projects, to hear Mem­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Energy Research and bers of Congress and public witnesses. To hold hearings on S. 406, the proposed Water Resources Room to be announced Community Reinvestment Act. To hold hearings on proposed authoriza­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation 5302 Dirksen Building tions for fiscal year 1978 for Energy Communications Subcommittee Energy and Natural Resources Research and Development Adminis­ To resume hearings to inquire into do­ Subcommittee on Energy Research and tration. mestic communcations common car­ Water Resources Room to be announced rier policies (i.e., telephones, com­ To hold hearings on proposed authori­ Governmental Affairs puter, etc.). zations for fiscal year 1978 for the Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Re­ 235 Russell Building Energy Research and Development lations Energy and Natural Resources Adminlstratlon. To hold hearings on S. 2 to require reau­ To hold hearings on proposed legisla­ 3110 Dirksen Building thorization of Government programs tion dealing with ut111zation of coal Governmental Affairs at least every five years (proposed Sun­ resources. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Rela­ set Act). 3110 Dirkse:a Bulldlng tions 3302 Dirksen Building Governmental Affairs To hold hearings on S. 2, to require re­ 2:00p.m. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Re­ authorization of Government pro­ Appropriations lations grams at least every five years (pro­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 2 to require re­ posed Sunset Act). To continue hearings on proposed budget authorization of Government pro­ 3802 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for for­ grams at least every five years (Pro­ Select Intelligence eign aid programs, to hear officials of posed Sunset Act) . Subcommittee on Budget Authorization AID. 3302 Dirksen Building To resume closed hearings on proposed 1318 Dirksen Building 2:00p.m. fiscal year 1978 authorizations for Gov­ Appropriations Appropriations ernment intelligence activities. Labor-HEW Subcommittee Public Works Subcommittee 8-407, Capitol To continue hearings on proposed budget To continue hearings in proposed budg­ 2:00p.m. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for higher et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Appropriations education and welfare programs, and public works projects, to hear Mem­ Labor-HEW Subcommittee for library r~..ources. bers of Congress and public witnesses. To continue hearings on proposed budg­ 8-128, Capitol Room to be announced et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for MARCH 25 MARCH 29 school assistance in Federal affected 9:30a.m. 9:30a.m. areas and emergency school aid. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Appropriations S-128, Capitol Subcommittee on Aviation Interior Subcommittee MARCH 24 To hold hearings on bills proposing regu­ To resume hearings on propol'ed budget 9:00a.m. latory reform in the air transportation estimates for fi~cal year 1978 for the Select Nutrition and Human Needs industry, including S. 292, and S. 689. Fish and Wlldiife Service. To resume hearings to examine the rela­ 5110 Dirksen Building 1114 Dirksen Building tionship between diet and hectlth, to 10:00 a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation receive testimony on beef consump­ Appropriations Subcommittee on Aviation tion. Subcommittee on Defense To hold hearings on bills p-roposing reg­ Until: 1 p.m. 457 Russell Building To continue hearings on proposed budg­ ulatory reform in the air transporta­ 9:30a.m. et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the tion industry, including S. 292, and Appropriations defense establishment, to hear Con­ s. 689. Interior Subcommittee gressional witnesses. 5110 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on propo~ed budget 1223 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affa.1rs Appropriatlons Smithsonian Institution. To hold hearings on S. 406, the proposed Defense Subcommittee To resume hearings on proposed budget 1114 Dirksen Building Community Reinvestment Act. 5302 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Commerce, Science and Transportation Defense Establishment to hear Con­ Subcommittee on Aviation Commerce, Science, and Transportation Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ gressional wi tneses. To hold hearings on bills proposing reg­ mittees 1223 Dirksen Bullding ulatory reform in the air transporta­ To hold oversight hearings on ocean Approprlations tion industry, including S. 292, and shipping practices. BUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee s. 689. 235 Russell Building To resume hearings on proposed budget March 8, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6807 estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the estimates for fiscal year 1978 for for­ Appropriations Department of Housing and Urban De­ eign aid programs, to hear officials of Public Works Subcommittee velopment. the Export-Import Bank, and Over­ To continue hearings on proposed bud­ 1318 Dirksen Building seas Private Investment Corporation. get estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Appropriations 1318 Dirksen Building public works projects, to hear mem­ Labor-HEW Subcommittee Approprlations bers of Congress and public witnesses. To continue hearings on proposed budget Labor-HEW Subcommittee Room to be announced estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To resume hearings on proposed budget Energy and Natural Resources Office of Human Development. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Subcommittee on Public Lands and Re­ 8-128, Capitol Social and Rehabilitation Service. sources Appropriations 8-128, Capitol To consider S. 7, to establish in the Transportat ion Subcommittee Appropriations Department of the Interior an Office To resume hearings on proposed budget Public Works Subcommittee of Surface Mining Reclamation and estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To continue hearings on proposed budget Enforcement to administer programs Federal Railroad Administration estimates for fiscal year 1978 for public to control surface coal mining opera­ (Northeast Corridor). woritS projects, to hear members of tions. 1224 Dirksen Building Congress and public witnesses. 3110 Dirksen Building Appropriations Room to be announced Foreign Relations Public Works Subcommitte Appropriations Subcommittee on Oceans and Interna­ To continue hearings on proposed budget Transportation Subcommittee tional Environment estimates for fiscal year 1978 for pub­ To resume hearings on proposed budget To hold hearings on S. Res. 49, express­ lic works projects, to hear members estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the ing the sense of the Senate that the of Congress and public witnesses. Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ U.S. Government should seek the Room to be announced tration. agreement of other governments to a Energy and Natural Resources 1224 Dirksen Building proposed treaty requiring the propaga­ To hold hearings on proposed legislation Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs tion of an international environmental dealing with utilization of coal re­ To m ark up proposed legislation on cor­ impact statement for any major proj­ sources. porate bribery and investment dis­ ect expected to have significant ad­ 3110 Dirksen Building closure. verse effect on the physical environ- Government Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building ment. · Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Re­ Energy and Natural Resources 4221 Dirksen Building lations Subcommittee on Public Lands and Re­ 2:00p.m. To hold hearings on S. 2 to require re­ sources Appropriations authorization of Government pro­ To consider S. 7, to establish in the Labor-HEW Subcommittee grams at least every five years (pro­ Department of the Interior an Office To continue hearings on proposed bud­ posed Sunset Act) . of Surface Mining Reclamation and get estimates for fiscal year 1978 for 3302 Dirksen Building Enforcement to administer programs the Office for Civil Rights, Inspector Select Intelligence to contrcl surface coal mining opera­ General, Policy Research and General Subcommittee on Budget Authorization tions. Management. To resume closed hearings on proposed 3110 Dirksen Building 8-128, Capitol fiscal year 1978 authorization for Gov­ Select Intelligence Appropriations ernment intelligence activities. Subcommittee on Budget Authorization Public Works Subcommittee 8-407, Capitol Tc. resume closed hearings on proposed To continue hearings on proposed bud­ 2:00p.m. fiscal year 1976 authorization for Gov­ get estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Appropriations ernment intelligence activities. public works projects, to hear mem­ Labor-HEW Subcommittee 8-407, Capitol bers of Congress and public witnesses. To continue hearings on proposed budget 2:00p.m. Room to be announced estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Appropriations Select Intelligence National Technical Institute for the Publlc Wor.tts Subcommittee Subcommittee on Budget Authorization Deaf; the American Printing House To continue hearings on proposed budget To resume closed hearings on proposed for the Blind; Gallaudet College, and estimates for fiscal year 1978 for public fiscal year 1978 authorizations for Howard University. works projects, to hear Members of Government intelligence activities. 8-128, Capitol Congress and public witnesses. 8-407, Capitol Appropriations Room to be announced APRIL 1 Transportation Subcommittee MARCH 31 9:30a.m. To continue hearings on proposed budget 9 :00a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Select Nutrition and Human Needs Subcommittee on Aviation Federal Aviation Administ ration. To continue hearings to examine the To hold hearings on bills proposing reg­ 1224 Dirksen Building relationship between diet and health, ulatory reform in the air transporta­ Appropriations to receive testimony on the need for tion industry, including S . 292, and Public Works Subcommittee fiber in diet. s. 689. To continue hearings on proposed budget Until: 1 p.m. 3302 Dirksen Building 5110 Dirksen Buildlng estimates for fiscal year 1978 for pub­ 9:30a.m. 10:00 a.m. lic works projects, to hear members Appropriations Appropriations of Congress and public wit nesses. Interior Subcommittee Traru;portation Subcommittee Room to be announced To continue hearings on proposed bud­ To resume hearings on proposed budget MARCH 30 get estimates for fiscal year 1978 for estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 9:30a.m. the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation and Federal Highway Administration. Appropriations the Land and Water Conservation 1224 Dirksen Building Interior Subcommittee Fund. Energy and Natural Resources To resume hearings on proposed budget 1114 Dirksen Building Subcommittee on Energy Research and estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Wa ter Resources National Park Service. Subcommittee on Aviation To hold hearings on S. 419, to test the 1114 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on bills proposing reg­ commercial, environmental, and so­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation ulatory reform in the air transporta­ cial viability of various oil-shale tech­ Subcommittee on Aviation tion industry, including S. 292, and nologies. To hold hearings on bills proposing reg­ s. 689. 3110 Dirksen Building ulatory reform in the air transporta­ 5110 Dirksen Building APRIL 4 tion industry, including S. 292, and 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. s. 689. Appropriations Appropriations 5110 Dirksen Building Defense Subcommittee HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on proposed bud­ te~ Appropriations get estimate for fiscal year 1978 for Subcommittee on Defense To resume hearings on proposed budget the defense establishments, to hear estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To continue hearings on proposed budget public witnesses. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 1223 Dirksen Building Department of the Treasury, on funds Defense Establishment, to hear con­ Appropriations for New York City financing. gressional witnesses. Labor-HEW Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Building 1223 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed bud­ Appropriations Appropriations get estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Public Works Subcommittee Foreign Operations Subcommittee the Social Security Administration. To continue hearings on proposed budg­ To resume hearings on proposed budget 8-128, Capitol et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for ·6808 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ' March 8, 1977 public works projects, to hear mem­ et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the bers of Congress and public witnesses. public works projects, to hear mem­ Department of the Interior and related Room to be announced bers of Congress and public witnesses. agencies, to hear public witnesses. 2:00p.m. Room to be announced Appropriations 2:00p.m. 1114 Dirksen Building Public Works Subcommittee Appropriations Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Public Works Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed housing et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for To continue hearings on proposed budg· and community development legisla­ public works projects, to hear mem­ et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for tion with a view to reporting its final bE'!rs of Congress and public witnesses. public works projects, to hear mem­ recommendations thereon to the Room to be announced bers of Congress and public witnesses. Budget Committee by May 15. APRIL 5 Room to be announced 5302 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. APRIL 7 Government Afl'airs Appropriations 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Interior Subcommittee Appropriations Management To resume hearings on proposed budget M1litary Construction Subcommittee To hold hearings to examine a~counting estilnates for fiscal year 1978 for the To resume hearings on proposed budget and auditing practices and procedures. Forest Service. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for mili­ 1114 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building tary construction programs, on funds APRIL 22 Select Small Business for NATO and classified programs. Monopoly Subcommittee 8-146, Capitol 10:00 a.m. To resume hearings on alleged restrictive APRIL 18 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and anticompetitive pra.ctices in - the 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on proposed housing eye glass industry. Appropriations and community development legisla­ 318 Russell Building HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee tion With a view to reporting its final 10:00 a.m. To resume hearings on proposed budget recommendations thereon to the Appropriations estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Budget Committee by May 15. HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Department of Housing and Urban De­ 5302 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budg­ velopment and independent agencies, et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for APRIL 26 to hear public witnesses. 10:00 a.m. the Consumer Product Safety Com­ 1318 Dirksen Building mission. Appropriations APRIL 19 Room to be announced 9:30a.m. Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations Appropriations To continue hearings on proposed budget Publlc Works Subcommittee Interior Subcommittee estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To continue hearings on proposed budg­ To resume hearings on proposed budget National Highway Traffic Safety et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Administration. publlc works projects, to hear mem­ Department of the Interior and re­ 1224 Dirksen Building bers of Congress and public witne!:ses. lated agencies, to hear public wit­ 2:00p.m. Room to be announced nesses. Appropriations Energy and Natural Resources 1114 Dirksen Building Transportation Subcommittee Subcommittee on Energy Research and Appropriations To continue hearings on proposed budget Water Resources Transportation Subcommittee estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To hold hearings on S. 419, to test the To resume hearings on proposed budget National Highway Traffic Safety commercial, environmental, and social estUnates for fiscal year 1976 for the Administration. viability of various oil shale tech­ Federal Aviation Administration. 1224 Dirksen Building nologies. 1224 Dirksen Building APRIL 27 3110 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. 2:00p.m. Appropriations Banking, Housing; and Urban Affairs Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed housing Publlc Works Subcommittee To continue hearings on proposed esti­ and community development legisla­ mates for fiscal year 1978 for the Urban To continue hearings on proposed budg­ tion With a view to reporting its final et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Mass Transportation Administration. recommendations thereon to the 1224 Dirksen Building public works projects, to hear mem­ Budget Committee by May 15. APRIL 28 bers of Congress and public witnesses. 5302 Dirksen Building Room to be announced Government Affairs 2:00p.m. APRIL 6 Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Appropriations 9:30a.m. Management Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations To hold hearings to examine accounting To continue hearings on proposed budget Interior Subcommittee and auditing practices and procedures. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To resume hearings on proposed budget 3302 Dirksen Building National Highway Traffic Safety estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the 3:00p.m. Administration. Department of the Interior, to hear Appropriations 1224 Dirksen Bullding Congressional witnesses. HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee MAY 3 1114 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed budget 10:00 a.m. Select Small Business estimate for fiscal year 1978 for the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Monopoly Subcommittee Department of Housing and Urban De­ To hold oversight hearings on U.S. To resume hearinl?s on alleged restrictive velopment, to hear public witnesses. monetary policy. and antlcompetltive practices in the · 1318 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building eye glass industry. APRIL 20 MAY 4 318 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. Appropriations Banking, Housing, and Urban Atralrs Aonropriations Interior Subcomniittee To consider all prooosed legislation un­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee To continue hearings on proposed budget der the committee's juri<;diction with a To resume hearings on prooosed budget estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the view to reporting its final recommen­ estilnates for fiscal year 1978 for Department of the Interior and related dationc; to the Budget Committee by foreign aid programs, to hear public agencies to hear public witnesses. May 15. witnesses. 1114 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building 1318 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs MAY 5 Annroprlatlons To hold hearings on proposed housing 10:00 a.m. HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee and community development legisla­ Banking, Housin~. and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on prop<"'s~d budget tion with a view to reporting its final Tc consider all '"'rono~ed lell'islation un­ estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the recommendations thereon to the der the commtttee'c: 1urlsdiction with a Consumer Product Safety Commis"'fon; Budget Committee by May 15. viaw to reportint? its final recommen­ Office of Consumer Affairs and Con­ 5302 Dirksen Building dations to the Budget Committee by sumer Information Center. 10:00 a.m. May 15. Room to be announced APRIL 21 5302 Dirksen Building Apnropriations Appropriations Public Works Subcommittee MAY 6 Interior Subcommittee 10:00 a .m. To continue hearings on proposed budg- To continue hearings on proposed budget Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs March 9, 1977 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 6809 To consider all proposed legislation un­ Management Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and der the committee's jurisdiction with a To hold hearings to examine accounting Management view to reporting its final recommen­ and auditing practices and procedures. To hold hearings to examine accounting dations to the Budget Committee by 3302 Dirksen Building and auditing practices and procedures. May 15. MAY 18 3302 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. MAY 26 MAY 10 Appropriations 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a .m. Transportation Subcommittee Governmental Affairs Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs To continue hearings on proposed budget Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and To hold oversight hearings on U.S. mon­ estimates for fiscal year 1978 for DOT, Management tary policy. to hear Secretary of Transporbtion To hold hearings to examine accounting Adams. and auditing practices and procedures. 5302 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building Governmental Affairs 2:00p.m. Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Appropriations CANCELLATION Management Transportation Subcommittee MARCH 15 To hold hearings to examine accounting To continue hearings on proposed budget 10:30 a.m. and auditing practices and procedures. estimates for fiscal year 1978, to hear Commerce, Science, and Transportation 5302 Dirksen Building Secretary of Transportation Adams. Merchant Marine Subcommittee MAY 12 1224 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on bills calling for 10:00 a.m. MAY 24 more stringent oll tanker safety stand­ Governmental Affairs 10:00 a .m. ards (S. 682, 658, 182, 715). Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Governmental Affairs 5110 Dirksen Building

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, March 9,1977 The House met at 3 o'clock p.m. committee last year was unable to find sador Young and asking him just what The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, any evidence, and then to apologize for he meant when he told the Washington D.D., offered the following prayer: that supposed action. Post that black American soldiers will It is noteworthy, I think, that this Mr. not obey orders if the President felt it Acquaint now thyself with him, and was in the national interest to side with be at peace; thereby good shall come Tyson was recruited into his position of unto thee._,Job 22: 21. responsibility by QUr U.N. Ambassador, South Africa. Eternal God, our Father, who art the Andrew Young, who last month spoke strength of 'Thy people in every age and warmly of the stability and order which Communist Cuban troops can bring to COMMUNICATION FROM THE our strength in this present hour, make CLERK OF THE HOUSE Thyself real to us as we bow humbly in a country. Thy presence. Help us to realize our de­ With friends like this handling our The SPEAKER laid before the House pendence upon Thee and our constant foreign affairs we 'hardly need enemies. the following communication from the need of Thy guidance, Thy wisdom, and Clerk of the House of Representatives: WASHINGTON, D.C., Thy love. Give us to feel that Thou art THE CARTER ADMINISTRATION'S March 9, 1977. with us always and that with Thee we DO-IT-YOURSELF DIPLOMACY Hon. THoMAs P. O'NEILL, Jr., are made ready for every task and equal