J. Crop Prot. 2013, 2 (4): 453-460______

A checklist of Iranian (: )

Maryam Darbemamieh1, Hamidreza Hajiqanbar1* and Mohammad Khanjani2

1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-336, Tehran, Iran. 2. Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Bu Ali-Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

Abstract: The present checklist is a compilation of the eupodoid of Iran using published records and original data from recent researches. It contains 19 species belonging to 13 genera and five families. Family Cocceupodidae Jesionowska, 2010 (because of moving the genera to a new family) and two species i.e. Foveacheles (Foveacheles) cegetensis Zacharda, 1983 and Linopodes antennaepes Banks, 1894 are new records for Iranian fauna. In addition to some corrections to specific identities which have been previously reported in Iranian literature, we report here the known geographical distribution and habitats in Iran and distribution in the world as well.

Keywords: Eupodoid mites, checklist, new record, Foveacheles (Foveacheles) cegetensis, Linopodes antennaepes, Iran

Introduction12 be symbiotic on other (Krantz and Walter, 2009; Qin, 1996). According to Zhang et al., 2011, nine families The present checklist is a survey to collect have been distinguished in the superfamily the results of all identified eupodoid mites in Eupodoidea Koch, 1842. These families have Iran and to indicate their taxonomic status, been listed as Koch, 1842 (10 habitats and distribution. Some name changes, genera, 69 species), Oudemans, new records and/or new location reports are 1931 (five genera, 16 species), Penthalodidae added to previous reports. Distribution in the Thor, 1933 (six genera, 35 species), world is added as much as possible. Oudemans, 1922 (28 genera, 157

Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 20:02 IRST on Wednesday September 29th 2021 species), Strandtmanniidae Zacharda, 1979 (one Materials and Methods genus, two species), Eriorhynchidae Qin & Halliday, 1997 (one genus, five species), The authors checked all available papers Pentapalpidae Olivier & Theron, 2000 (one including new taxa collected from Iran till 2012, genus, one species), Dendrochaetidae Olivier, and new reports of the families, genera and 2008 (one genus, one species) and species. Collected samples from soil, mushroom, Cocceupodidae Jesionowska, 2010 (three stored products, litter and moss were extracted genera, 23 species). Eupodoids are worldwide using Berlese-Tullgrens over a period of 48 in distribution and often are found in extreme hours. Some species were removed directly environments including high alpine and polar using a stereomicroscope. Specimens were habitats. They are predaceous, fungivorous, cleared in lactic acid and mounted on permanent bryophagous or phytophagous and not known to slides using Hoyer’s medium (Krantz and Walter, 2009). Identification of rhagidiid species was verified by Dr Miloslaw Zacharda. The used Handling Editor: Dr. Ali Asghar Talebi method, followed that of Qin (1996), ______* Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Zacharda (1980) and Jesionowska (2010 b). All Received: 18 May 2013, Accepted: 25 August 2013 mounted specimens of new records are deposited 453 Checklist of Iranian Eupodoidea______J. Crop Prot.

in the Acarology Museum, Department of Distribution and habitat in Iran: East Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Azarbaijan (Miandoab), sugar beet soil Modares University, Tehran, Iran. (Haddad et al., 2005). World Distribution: Afro-tropical (North Superfamily Eupodoidea Koch, 1842 Africa) (Abou-Awad et al., 2006), Nearctic Family Cocceupodidae Jesionowska, 2010 (Mexico, USA) (Sepedap and Withford, 1990), Cocceupodes Thor, 1934 Palaearctic (Austria, Britain, France, Germany, Cocceupodes sp. Iceland, Italy, Norway, Switzerland) Distribution and habitat in Iran: Mazandaran, (Strandtmann and Goff, 1978; Olivier, 1997). Citrus (Faraji and Kamali, 1993); Guilan, soil of crozetensis Strandtmann & Davies, tea fields (Nejadghanbar et al., 2010). 1972. World Distribution: Palaearctic [Austria, Britain, Distribution and habitat in Iran: East Belgium (Ducarme et al., 2004), Denmark, Azerbaijan, Soil (Fathipour, 1994); Fars, Stored Germany (Strandtmann and Goff, 1978), Ireland, hay (Ostovan, 1993). Italy, Norwegian mainland, Poland (Jesionowska, World distribution: Southern Indian Ocean 2010), Norway, Sweden, Switzerland], Nearctic (Possession Island, Crozet Islands) (United States) (Strandtmann and Goff, 1978), (Strandtmann and Davies, 1972). Australian (New Zealand) (Qin, 1998), Eupodes sigmoidensis Stradtmann & Goff, 1978. Afrotropical (Southern Africa) (Olivier and Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan, Theron, 2003), (Egypt) (Abou-Awad et al., 2006). Bean (Khanjani, 1996); East Azerbaijan, Linopodes Koch, 1835 Alfalfa Soil (Lotfollahi et al., 2010) Linopodes sp. World Distribution: West Africa (Ivory Coast, Distribution and habitat in Iran: East Lamto-Pakobosavanna), Nearctic (USA) Azerbaijan, Soil (Fathipour, 1994); Kermanshah, (Stradtmann and Goff, 1978). Soil (New location). Eupodes voxencollinus Thor, 1934 World Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan, Britain, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Bean (Khanjani, 1996). Switzerland, Japan) (Banks, 1915; Shiba, 1976; World Distribution: Nearctic and Palaearctic Clancy, 1981); Nearctic (United States) (Banks, (North Africa, Poland, Norway, Germany, 1915), Australian (Australia, New Zealand) Britain) (Fauna Europaea, 2012; Jesionowska, (Qin, 1998), Oriental region (Malaysia) (Shiba, 2003; Stradtmann and Goff, 1978). 1976); Ethiopian region (Egypt, South Africa) Benoinyssus sp. Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 20:02 IRST on Wednesday September 29th 2021 (Abou-Awad et al., 2006). Distribution and habitat in Iran: Miandoab, Linopodes antennaepes Banks, 1894 sugar beet soil (Haddad et al., 2005). Distribution and habitat in Iran: Kermanshah World Distribution: Palaearctic (Britain, and Kamyaran, Mushroom (New record for Iran). Germany, Poland) (Fauna Europaea, 2012), World Distribution: Palaearctic (Italy, Nearctic (Mexico), Ethiopian (Southern Africa) Britain), Nearctic (United States), Australian (Sepedap and Withford, 1990; Olivier and (Australia) (Banks, 1915; Clancy, 1981). Theron, 2003). Linopodes cameronensis Shiba, 1976 Claveupodes Strandtmann & Prasse, 1977 Distribution and habitat in Iran: Gachsaran, Claveupodes sp. Soil (Moradian and Ostovan, 2011) Distribution and habitat in Iran: East World Distribution: Oriental region Azerbaijan, Alfalfa Soil (Lotfollahi et al., (Malaysia) (Shiba, 1976) 2010); East Azerbaijan (Miandoab), sugar beet Family Eupodidae Koch, 1842 soil (Haddad et al., 2005). Eupodes Koch, 1835 World Distribution: Palaearctic (Belgium, Eupodes sp. Britain, Germany, Poland), Australian region

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(Fauna Europaea, 2012; Russell et al., 2010; World Distribution: Holarctic (Italy, Czech Ducarme et al., 2004). Republic, Slovak Republic, Russia, Canada, Family Penthaleidae Oudemans, 1931 Hawaii, USA) (Zacharda et al., 2012; Fauna Penthaleus Koch, 1835 Europaea, 2012). Penthaleus major (Duges, 1834) Coccorhagidia pittardi Strandtmann, 1971 Distribution and Habitat in Iran: Chahar Mahal Distribution and habitat in Iran: Ardabil, & Bakhtiari, Cereals soil (Noorbakhsh, 1993), hazelnut orchard soil; Hamedan-Shokriyeh, (Noorbakhsh and Kamali, 1995); East Azerbaijan, Peach orchard soil (Zacharda et al., 2012). soil (Fathipour, 1994); Hamedan, pagoda tree World Distribution: Holarctic (Russia, (Sophora alopecuroides L.) soil, (Khanjani, 1996), Austria, Slovak Republic, United States) (Khanjani and Kamali, 1993), Khorasan, saffron (Zacharda et al., 2012). soil (Rahimi, 1991); Acroptilon sp., soil (Modarres Foveacheles Zacharda, 1980 Awal, 1997), Khuzestan, soil (Sadeghi Nameghi, Foveacheles sp. 1990), (Sadeghi Nameghi and Kamali, 1993). Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan World Distribution: Worldwide (Umina et al., (Shokriyeh), peach orchard soil (Zacharda et 2004). al., 2012); Esfahan, soil (new location). Penthaleus minor (Canestrini, 1886) World Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, Distribution and habitat in Iran: East Belgium, Britain, Czech Republic, France, Azerbaijan, soil (Fathipour, 1994). Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Norway, Poland, World Distribution: Australian (Australia) Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, (Qin, 1998), Palaearctic (Britain, Germany, Netherland), Nearctic (Zacharda et al., 2012; Italy, Switzerland), Nearctic (Qin, 1998, Fauna Fauna Europaea, 2012). Europaea, 2012). Foveacheles (Foveacheles) brevichelae Family Penthalodidae Thor, 1933 Zacharda, 1980 Penthalodes Murray, 1877 Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan Penthalodes polonicus Jesionowska, 2010 (Shokriyeh), peach orchard soil, (Zacharda et (correct name used in Jesionowska, 2010a). al., 2012). Penthodes polonica, Jesionowska, 2010 (incorrect World Distribution: Holarctic region (Czech name used in Hajizadeh and Noei, 2012). Republic; the Otztal Alps in Austria; Elbrus, Distribution and habitat in Iran: Guilan Central Caucasus, Russia; Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest (Fuman, Rud-khan castle, Shaft, chubar), Territory, Canada) (Zacharda et al., 2012). unknown plant Soil (Hajizadeh and Noei, 2012). Foveacheles (Foveacheles) cegetensis Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 20:02 IRST on Wednesday September 29th 2021 World Distribution: Poland (Jesionowska, Zacharda, 1983. 2010a). Distribution and habitat in Iran: Tehran, Family Rhagidiidae Thor & Willmann, 1941 unknown plant soil (New record for Iran). Brevipalpia minima Zacharda, 1980 World Distribution: Czech Republic Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan (Zacharda, 1983; Fauna Europaea, 2012). (Emamzade), sour cherry orchard (Zacharda et Foveacheles (Foveacheles) osloensis (Thor, al., 2012). 1934) World Distribution: Czech Republic (Central Syn.: Rhagidia osloensis Thor, 1934 Bohemia), Iran (Zacharda et al., 2012). Distribution and habitat in Iran: East Coccorhagidia Thor, 1934 Azerbaijan, soil (Fathipour, 1994). Coccorhagidia clavifrons (Canestrini, 1886) World Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan, Czech Republic, Germany, Norway, Sweden) Alfalfa (Khanjani, 1996); Hamedan-Shokriyeh, (Zacharda, 1980; Fauna Europaea, 2012). peach, sour cherry and apple orchard soil Rhagidia Thorell, 1871 (Zacharda et al., 2012); Tehran, soil (new Rhagidia sp. location).

455 Checklist of Iranian Eupodoidea______J. Crop Prot.

Distribution and habitat in Iran: East Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan, Azarbaijan (Miandoab), sugar beet soil (Haddad Alfalfa (Khanjani and Kamali, 1993), Sainfoin et al., 2005); Hamedan (Shokriyeh), peach (Onobrychis viciifolia) (Modarres Awal, 1997). orchard soil (Zacharda et al., 2012). World Distribution: Holarctic region (abundant World Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, in Czech Republic) (Zacharda, 1980). Belgium, Britain, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Romania, Discussion Slovakia, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands), Nearctic, Oriental (Fauna The mites of the genus Cocceupodes show Europaea, 2012; Zacharda et al., 2012). substantial homogeneous structure, distinctly Rhagidia cf. breviseta Zacharda, 1995 different from species of typical genus Eupodes, Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan and other species recently regarded as belonging (Absineh), apple orchard soil (Zacharda et to the family Eupodidae (e.g. Benoinyssus or even al., 2012). Protereunetes). This is the reason why World Distribution: Holarctic (Canada, Jesionowska (2010b) classified them as a separate Alaska, Slovakia, Finland, Russia) and prefers family, Cocceupodidae, including three genera: cooler habitats such as caves, peat bogs and Cocceupodes, Filieupodes and Linopodes. Main moss pads (Zacharda et al., 2012). differential features are rostral setae, ro, located Robustocheles Zacharda, 1980 just behind a naso and not on it (differently from Robustocheles mucronata (Willmann, 1936) those in other eupodoids), and just two pairs of Distribution and habitat in Iran: Fars, Bed of circumanal setae, with total number of ten pairs of humid stores (Ostovan, 1993); Ardabil, setae present on opisthosoma (excluding genital hazelnut orchard soil (Zacharda et al., 2012); region setae). The family Cocceupodidae was Hamedan-Ganjnameh, plum orchard soil derived from the family Eupodidae in 2010 and (Zacharda et al., 2012); Hamedan (Heydareh), therefore, the reports from the genus Linopodes apple orchard soil (Zacharda et al., 2012); were classified as Cocceupodidae instead of the Golestan, soil (New location). family Eupodidae. In this study, Linopodes World Distribution: worldwide distribution antennaepes Banks, 1894 is reported as new [Russia (Central Siberia, Elbrus mountain), record of this family from Iran. Banks (1894) first Poland, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic described it as a reddish or yellowish mite, (North Bohemia), Thailand, North Vietnam, sometimes with some pale marks. Legs are mostly Brazil, Alaska] (Zacharda et al., 2012). yellowish, except distal half of leg I, which is Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 20:02 IRST on Wednesday September 29th 2021 Robustocheles hamedanensis Zacharda, 2012 hyaline. Body oblong, rounded in front and Distribution and habitat in Iran: Hamedan behind; broadest at hind margin of cephalothorax; (Shokriyeh) litter in peach orchard (Zacharda et cephalothorax semicircular, with a large shining al., 2012). eye on each side. A narrow, emarginated, smooth World Distribution: Iran (Zacharda et al., 2012) band is just behind cephalothorax, which gives it a Shibaia Zacharda, 1980 median projection reaching to the tip of the Shibaia heteropoda (Berlese, 1910) abdomen, the whole forming a T. Dorsum has a Distribution and habitat in Iran: East few scattered hairs. Leg I more than twice as long Azarbaijan (Miandoab), sugar beet soil (Haddad as body, femur I longer than body; legs II and III et al., 2005). slender, not quite as long as body; leg IV with World Distribution: Palaearctic and Nearctic femur enlarged. Chelicerae are short, forming a (Zacharda, 1980). little cone; palpi a little longer than chelicera, Shibaia longisensilla (Shiba, 1969), correct joints subequal, the third being the longest. It name in Zacharda, 1980 differs from the European L. motatorius in having Shibaia longicornis (Shiba, 1969), incorrect tibia I nearly as long as the metatarsus, and the name in Iranian records. tarsus I being divided into three or four joints. The

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body of the male is a little more globose than that Eupodoidea: Eupodidae). Acarologia, 46 (1- of the female. This species lives on the ground, 2): 43-52. and is most common under pieces of wood, bark, Banks, N. 1894. Some new American Acarina. etc. that have been on the ground for some time. Transactions of the American Entomological The first pair of legs is used as feelers; ordinarily, Society, 21 (2): 209-222. it walks slowly but when disturbed can move very Banks, N. 1915. The Acarina or mites. A rapidly to the rear (Banks, 1894). In current study, review of the group for the use of economic L. antennaepes was collected from cultivated and entomologists. United States Department of forest mushrooms in Kermanshah and Kamyaran. Agriculture. Office of the Secretary. Report Linopodes species are present in mushroom 108: 1-153 (as Linopodes antennaepes) cultivation but are not common (Hussey et al., Cepedap, J. and Withford, W. G. 1990. 1969; Clancy, 1981). L. antennaepes is the only Microarthropodos edaphicos del desierto species in the genus recorded from Australia by Chihuahuense, al norte de Mexico. Folia Halliday (2001). Entomologica Mexicana, 78: 257-272. Other new record in this paper is Clancy, G. 1981. Observations of mites Foveacheles (Foveacheles) cegetensis associated with the low yielding crops of Zacharda, 1983 from the family Rhagididae cultivated Agaricus bisporus in Australia. which is recorded for first time from Iran. Some Mushroom Science, 11: 233-244 (as diagnostic features for identification of this Linopodes antennaepes). species are as below. Proximal cheliceral seta Coineau, Y. 1976. La premiere prelarveconnue inserted just before joint of digitus mobilis and du genre Eupodes, Eupodesstrandtmanni, n. almost reaching basis of distal cheliceral seta. sp. Acarologia, 18: 56-64. Rhagidial organ I and II consist of 4 separated Ducarme, X., Andre, H. M. Wauthy, G. and rhagidial setae. Stellate seta is between 1st and Lebrun, P. 2004. Are there real endogenic 2nd proximal rhagidial setae. Length of the body species in temperate forest mites? 970-1150 µm (Zacharda, 1983). The epimeral Pedobiologia, 48: 139-147. formula 3-1-6-3 and the location of the Faraji, F. and Kamali, K. 1993. Mites solenidion on genu III is medioventral, associated with Citrus spp. In eastern proximad of the first pair of ventral setae Mazandaran. Proceedings of 11th Iranian (Zacharda, 1993). Plant Protection Congress, Gilan University, Rasht, p. 186. Acknowledgement Fathipour, Y. 1994. Soil mites fauna in Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 20:02 IRST on Wednesday September 29th 2021 orchards of Tabriz and population The authors wish to thank Prof. M. Zacharda fluctuation and abundance of important (Department of Biodiversity and species. M. Sc. thesis, Tarbiat Modarres Biomonitoring, Institute of Systems Biology University, Tehran, 172 pp. and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Fauna Europaea, 2012. Fauna Europaea version Czech Republic) for help in identification of 2.5. Available on: http://www.faunaeur.org rhagidiid mites. Special thanks go to Dr. A. (accessed August 20, 2013) Zamany and S. Barzegar (Department of Haddad Irani-Nejad, K., Hajiganbar, H. R. and Agriculture, Razi University of Kermanshah, Talebi Chaichi, P. 2005. An introduction of Iran) for providing some specimens. the prostigmatic mites in sugarbeet fields in Miandoab plain. Iranian Journal of References Agricultural Science, 36 (1): 247-262. Hajizadeh, J. and Noei, J. 2012. Report of a Abou-Awad, B. A., El-Sawaf, B. M. and Abdel- new family for the mite fauna of Iran: khalek, A. A. 2006. Four new species of Penthalodidae (Acari, Prostigmata). 20th eupodid mites from Egypt (Acari: Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 486.

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ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺎﻧﻮاده (Eupodoidea (Acari: Prostigmata در اﻳﺮان

ﻣﺮﻳﻢ درب اﻣﺎﻣﻴﻪ1، ﺣﻤﻴﺪرﺿﺎ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ ﻗﻨﺒﺮ1*و ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﺠﺎﻧﻲ2

1- ﮔﺮوه ﺣﺸﺮهﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪرس، ﺻﻨﺪوق ﭘﺴﺘﻲ 336-14115، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﻳﺮان. 2- ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻴﺎهﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ ﻫﻤﺪان، ﻫﻤﺪان، اﻳﺮان. * ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺒﻪ: [email protected] درﻳﺎﻓﺖ: 28 اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ 1392؛ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش: 3 ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮر 1392

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه: ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ درﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪه ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﺰارشﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه از ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Eupodoidea در اﻳﺮان ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 19 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از 13 ﺟﻨﺲ و 5 ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ از ﺑﻴﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ,Cocceupodidae Jesionowska 2010 (ﺑﻪدﻟﻴﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺟﺪﻳﺪ) و دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Foveacheles(Foveacheles cegetensis Zacharda, 1983 و Linopodes antennaepes Banks, 1894 ﮔﺰارشﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮن ﻛﻨﻪﻫﺎي اﻳﺮان ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺤﺎت در اﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺑﻪﻫﻤﺮاه ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ در اﻳﺮان، زﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه آﻧﻬﺎ و ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ در ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪﻫﻤﺮاه اﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ آورده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

واژﮔﺎن ﻛﻠﻴﺪي: ﻛﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻳﻮﭘﻮدواﻳﺪآ، ﭼﻚ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ، رﻛﻮرد ﺟﺪﻳﺪ، (Foveacheles (Foveacheles Linopodes antennaepes ،cegetensis، اﻳﺮان Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 20:02 IRST on Wednesday September 29th 2021

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