February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5491 ness, heretofore known as the South The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without close of morning business tomorrow, the Absaroka Wilderness, Shoshone National objection, it is so ordered. Chair lay before the Senate the unfinish­ Forest, in the State of Wyoming, and ed business. for other purposes, disagreed to by the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Senate; agreed to the conference asked ORDER OF BUSINESS objection, it is so ordered. by the Senate on the disagreeing votes Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Pres­ Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi­ of the two Houses thereon, and that Mr. ident, I yield time on behalf of the dis­ dent, the pending question at the time JoHNSON of California, Mr. UDALL, Mr. tinguished majority leader to the able morning business is closed tomorrow and RONCALIO, Mr. KYL, and Mr. LLOYD were senator from Wisconsin . All time has expired on that amend­ annual camping permit, and for other ment. purposes, disagreed to by the Senate; It should be stated that perfecting agreed to the conference asked by the REMOVAL OF COSPONSORS FROM amendments to that amendment will still Senate on the disagreeing votes of the s. 2818 be in order. Whether such will be offered, two Houses thereon, and that Mr. I cannot say, but if such is offered, there ASPINALL, Mr. TAYLOR, Mr. JOHNSON Of Mr. PROXMIRE. Mr. President, I ask would be a limitation of 2 hours on any California, Mr. SAYLOR, and Mr. SKUBITZ unanimous consent that the names of the such perfecting amendment. were appointed managers on the part of Senator from South Dakota (Mr. Mc­ So Senators are on notice that there the House at the conference. GoVERN) and the Senator from Indiana will be rollcall votes tomorrow. There is The message further announced that New York and served upon me on the request of the gentleman from Colo­ February 22, 1972. rado? The Chair hears none, and ap­ In accordance with 2 U.S.C. 118, I have points the following conferees: Messrs. A COMMUNICATION FROM THE sent a copy of the summons and complaint JOHNSON Of California, UDALL, RoNCALIO, - CLERK-PICHLER ET AL. VERSUS in this action to the U.S. Attomey for the KYL, and LLOYD. JENNINGS District of Columbia requesting that he take The SPEAKER laid before the House appropriate action under the supervision and direction of the Attorney General. I am also the following communication from the sen ding you a copy of the letter I forwarded REV. MAX E. SAAR, ESTONIAN EVAN­ Clerk of the House of Representatives: this date to the U.S. Attorney. GELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WASHINGTON, D.C., Sincerely yours, Detroit is an outrage and a mock­ finance and manage the two stations. with regard to the conference on S. 18 ery of justice and fairness. The dual On August 2, 1971, the Senate approved and the House amendment thereto. It is school system in South Carolina has been a bill, S. 18, which authorized an ap­ a sad story where the conferees of one eliminated. South Carolina school dis­ propriation of $35 million for the financ­ House are absolutely unwilling to con­ tricts are busing and cannot return to ing of Radio Free Europe and Radio Lib­ sider the point of view expressed by an the dual system or segregated school sys­ erty through the Department of State. overwhelming vote in the other coequal tems. The time has come to eliminate The authorization was limited to fiscal body. The arrogance of such behavior dual justice in the United States. The year 1972. severely strains any effective relation­ same law that applies to South Carolina On September 14, 1971, the Committee ship between the two bodies without should apply to Detroit in voting rights, on Foreign Affairs began its consideration which the national interest cannot be busing of school children, equal employ­ of S. 18 and of the administration's rec­ served. ment, and segregation. We must not have ommendations. The question of the continuation of one code of ethics and justice for one After hearings and initial executive Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty area of the country and exempt other meetings, it became apparent that the beyond the next week or two is now areas. This indeed should be a Nation committee was not ready to make a squarely in the lap of the other body. We indivisible with liberty and justice for permanent disposition of this matter­ who represented the House in this con­ all. Constitutional amendments and either by following the Senate proposal ference tried our best to find a middle amendments to the Education Act are and allowing the two radio stations to ground between the expressed wishes of only designed to relieve the great cities exist until the end of this fiscal year, or by each of the two branches of Congress, of the burden of busing school children accepting the administration's recom­ and were totally rebuffed. while busing continues in South Caro­ mendations and placing these broadcast­ lina. Mr. Speaker, many of our citizens ing activities on a permanent basis. are receiving tax notices now-notices of The committee felt that the Congress RADIO FREE EUROPE AND RADIO greatly increased property taxes. Local knew all too little about these operations LIBERTY property taxes are increasing at a fan­ on which nearly half a billion dollars had tastic rate. The Federal Government, been spent in the preceding 20 years. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, who ordered busing, should help finance And so the committee, by a vote of 23 as one of the House conferees on legisla­ busing thus prov.iding more money for to 1, accepted a compromise advanced by tion to continue the activities of Radio quality education. the Honorable DANTE B. FASCELL of Flor­ Free Europe and Radio Liberty, I am em­ ida, and amended S. 18 to provide for the barrassed that we must report to the establishment of a Presidential Commis­ House that the conference committee sion to study Radio Free Europe and has been unable to reach any agreement. CONFERENCE ON RADIO FREE Radio Liberty, to reach some conclusions At the outset let me say that this out­ EUROPE AND RADIO LIBERTY regarding their relevance to our foreign come was in no way the fault of the (Mr. MORGAN asked and was given policy undertakings of the 1970's, and to House conferees. It was our earnest de­ permission to address t.he House for 1 report its findings to the Congress before sire to find a basis for agreement. minute, to revise and extend his remarks the ~nd of this year. Unfortunately, the conference com­ and include extraneous matter.) The amendment further provided that mittee met only twice. The second time Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, I regret the Commission would go out of business was only yesterday, and then with but to report to the House that the efforts on June 30, 1973 and that the two radio a few hours' notice. of the managers on the part of the stations would be financed until that time By yesterday, I might add, the legisla­ S. 18, a bill to authorize interim financ­ through the Chairman of the Commis­ tive authority for these programs had al­ ing for Radio Free Europe and Radio sion. ready expired. Our failure to reach Liberty, have met with no success. This seemed like an eminently sensible agreement will affect over 3,000 employ­ Throughout the conference, the man­ interim solution. It would provide the ees of the two organizations involved. agers on the part of the Senate have Congress, through membership in the This is a most serious matter, Mr. refused to make any accommodation study Commission and the Commission's Speaker, and the sad fact is that there is whatsoever to the position taken by the studies, with an opportunity to obtain no real reason why the discussions House, by a vote of 278 to 12, on Novem­ the information necessary to make a should have been deadlocked. The differ­ ber 19, 1971. sound disposition of the entire matter. ences between the bills passed by the They have said, in effect, "Either the The House approved S. 18, as amended, House and the Senate could have been House accepts the Senate bill or there on November 19, 1971, by a vote of 271 to reconciled had good will been shown, and will be no bill at all." 12. reasonable concessions made by both Under some circumstances, such a And this is where the matter stood sides. Had this occurred, the legislative solution may have been necessary, even when the conferees first met on Janu­ authority for continuing these programs advisable. In this case, however, the ary 26, 1972. could have been agreed upon. issues separating the two Houses are so It became apparent at that time that You may ask, Mr. Speaker, why no basic that the acceptance of the pro­ the Senate conferees favored abolishing agreement was reached. The answer is posal of the Senate conferees would have the two stations. simple. The Senate conferees-at least done violence to the position that we At that first meeting, as well as during three out of five of them-were unwilling were instructed to uphold. the weeks that followed and through yes­ to compromise. They have made it evi­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to briefly terday's session, the managers on the dent, both publicly and privately, that recount the developments which brought part of the House tried to work out some they viewed the expiration of existing us to this impasse. compromise that would be consistent authority as an opportunity to kill these Little more than a year ago, it became with the positions taken by the two programs. By their refusal to seek, let public knowledge that Radio Free Eu­ Houses. alone reach, a compromise with the rope and Radio Liberty, the two Amer­ We failed. The Senate conferees re­ House conferees, they may have acted can-run radio stations which beam local mained adamant. within their rights as conferees, but by and international news to the people of Last evening, all of the House confer­ their action they unquestionably per­ eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, ees affixed their signatures to a document verted the legislative process. had been financed largely for some 20 which would report the conference to be As I said on the House floor 2 days years by the Central Intelligence Agency. in disagreement. The signatures were de­ ago the conference committee, in the Proposals were subsequently made in livered to the Senate conferees this legitimate exercise of its responsibilities, both Houses that the financing of these morning. could not have killed these programs. broadcasting activities be brought into The matter now rests with the Senate. Both the Senate and the House had ap­ the open and accomplished through spe­ proved their continuation. All that was cial authorizations and appropriations to in issue was the length of time that these the Department of State. CONFERENCE COMMITTEE ON B. 18 programs should continue and how the In the spring of last year, the admin­ Mr. MAILLIARD. Mr. Speaker, our funding should be handled. And yet now, istration requested that the Congress distingUished chairman, Dr. MoRGAN, has as the result of the failure to reach any OX'Vni--347-Pal"t 5 5494 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 24, 1972 agreement, three Senate conferees may Members will agree with me they are the minute, to revise and extend his remarks, have achieved what they feel is desir­ gentlemen who can do the job. and include extraneous matter.) able, namely, the end of the Radio Free Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, a ma­ Europe and Radio Liberty. If they should jor responsibility of the Select Subcom­ be successful in achieving their own ends PROPOSED CHANGES IN FUNDING mittee on Education of the Committee on it will have been because of their ma­ OF SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAM Education and Labor in the coming nipulation of the legislative process, in CHINA consistently followed. In view of the dif­ representing the aging, State, and local Vietnam war and bring home our troops all the funds requested for the U.N. de­ You have made a good case, and I am go­ from Southeast Asia. ing to surprise some of my friends, because velopment program because there wa.s I am going to support this blll. Let us look, if we may, at Vietnam. Of some indication from testimony before course, we know that 3 years ago we had the committee that they had suffi.cient I single this gentleman out because 542,000 troops in Vietnam, with expenses funds to operate for a period of 6 months. that gentleman worked along with us, running about $30 billion a year. Subsequently, however, we went behind and walked side by side with us, so that On May 1 the number will be down to the testimony and we found out that the we could bring back a good blll. around 64,000 at an estimated expense of witness was not correct and all these Of course, my very distinguished about $6 billion a year. funds were not available. We look at the friend, the gentleman from Kansas

- - - February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5497 FOREIGN ASSISTANCE AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATION BILL, FISCAL YEAR 1972-CONFERENCE SUMMARY TABLE [Note-All amounts are in the form of "appropriations" unless otherwise indicated)

Conference action compared with- New budget New budget Budget esti- New budget New budget (obligational) New budget Budget esti- New budget New budget (obligational) mates of new (obligational) (obligational) authority (obligational) mates of new (obligational) (obligational) authori~, (obligational) authority authority recommended authori~, (obligational) authority authority fiscal year 19 1 authority, recommended recommended by conference fiscal year 19 1 authori~· recommended recommended Item (includes supps.) fisca I year 1972 in House bill in Senate bill action (includes supps.) fiscal year 1!J 2 in House bill in Senate bill (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TITLE I-FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT ACTIVITIES Funds Appropriated to the President Economic ass1stance: Worldwide, technical assistance ••• $166, 750, 000 I $232, 929, 000 $150, 000, 000 $165, 000, 000 $160, 000, 000 -$6, 750, 000 -$72, 929, 000 +$10, 000, 000 -$5,000,000 Alliance for Progress, technical assistance. _____ •• __ ----___ ._. 82,875,000 2129, 745, 000 75,000,000 80,000,000 80,000,000 -2,875,000 -49, 745, 000 +5, 000,000 ------International organizations and programs ______-----__ •• 103, 810, 000 8 141, 000, 000 41,000,000 138, 000, 000 127, 000, 000 +23, 190, 000 -14,000,000 +86, 000, 000 -11, 000, 000 Programs relating to population growth ••••• ------._. _____ (4) (6) 50,000,000 125, 000, 000 125, 000, 000 +125, 000,000 +125, 000,000 +75, 000,000 ------American schools and hospitals abroad •.• -----___ ._._. ______12,895,000 10,175,000 17,200,000 20,000,000 20,000,000 +7, 105,000 +9,825,000 +2, 800,000 ------Indus Basin Development Fund, grants ______------_____ 4, 925,000 15,000,000 7, 500,000 15,000,000 10, OOO,OOQ +5,075,000 -5,000,000 +2,500,000 -5,000,000 Indus Basin Development Fund, loans._---- ___ ------. ____ 6, 980,000 12,000,000 6, 000,000 12,000,000 12,000,000 +5. 020,000 ------+6. 000,000 ------United Nations Relief and Works Agency (Arab refugees) ______1, 000, 000 ------1,000,000 ------Contingency fund______22,500,000 100,000,000 30,000,000 30,000,000 30,000,000 +7,500,000 -70, 000,000 ------Re~~f1:t!~~i_e!_~~~i~~~~~~-~E:~~------e 250, 000, 000 175,000,000 . 250, 000, 000 200, 000, 000 +200, 000, 000 -50, 000, 000 +25, 000, 000 -50,000,000 Alliancement loansfor Progress, ______develop- 287,500,000 235, 000, 000 150, 000, 000 150, 000, 000 150,000,000 -137,500,000 -85,000,000 ------.------Development loans. __ ------420, 000, 000 400, 000, 000 250, 000, 000 150,000,000 200, 000, 000 -220,000,000 -200, 000, 000 -50, ooo, 000 +50, 000, 000 Admimstration expenses: StateA.I.D. ______---__ ------____ 51,000,000 1 60, 200, 000 54,600,000 50,000,000 50,000,000 -1,000,000 -10, 200, 000 -4,600,000 ------4,100,000 14,555,000 4, 255,000 4, 221,000 4, 221,000 +121, 000 -334,000 -34,000 ------Subtotal, economic assistance ___ • ______1, 164, 335, 000 I, 590,604,000 1, 010, 555, 000 1, 189, 221, 000 1, 168, 221, 000 +3,886,000 -422, 383, 000 +157, 666, 000 -21, 000, 000 Military and security supporting as- sistance: Military assistance ______... 690, 000, 000 705, 000, 000 552,000,000 350, 000, 000 500,000,000 -190, 000, 000 -205,000,000 -52,000,000 +150, 000,000 Security supporting assistance .. __ 569, 600, 000 0 764, 614, 000 575, 000, 000 22 400, 000, 000 22 550, 000, 000 -19,600,000 -214, 614, 000 -25,000,000 +150, 000,000 SubtotaL ••• __ ------____ .. _ 2, 423, 935, 000 3, 060, 218, 000 2,137, 555,000 I, 939, 221, 000 2, 218,221,000 -205, 714, 000 -841, 997, 000 +SO, 666, 000 +279, 000, 000 Other: Overseas Private Investment Cor- poration, reserves______18,750,000 25,000,000 25, 000, 000 ------12,500,000 -6, 250,000 -12,500,000 -12,500,000 +12, roo, 000 Inter-American Foundation (limi- tation on obligations)______(10,000,000) (ll,OOO,OQO)______(11,000,000) (10, 000, 000)______( -1,000, 000) ( +10, 000, 000) ( -1,000, 000) Total, title I, new budget (obli- gational) authority, Foreign Assistance Act activities. ____ to 2, 442,685,000 u 3, 085,218,000 u 2,162, 555,000 1, 939,221,000 2, 230,721,000 -211, 964, 000 -854, 497, 000 +68, 166,000 +291, 500,000 TITLE II-FOREIGN MILITARY CREDIT SALES Foreignmilitarycreditsales ______$200,000,000 $510,000,000 $510,000,000 $400,000,000 $400,000,000 +$200,000,000 -$110,000,000-$110,000,000------Military credit sales to IsraeL______500,000,000 ------500,000,000 ------Total, title II, new budget (ob­ ligational) authority, Foreign military credit sates______700,000,000 510,000,000 510,000,000 400,000,000 400,000,000 -300,000,000 -110,000,000 -110,000,000 ------======TITLE Ill-FOREIGN ASSISTANCE (OTHER) Funds Appropriated to the President Peace Corps .• ------­ 90,000,000 Ia 82,200,000 68,000,000 77,200,000 72,000,000 -18,000,000 -10,200,000 +4,000,000 -$5, 200, 000 Limitation on administrative ex- penses •••• ______(31, 400, 000) (28, 400, 000) (24, 000, 000) (24, 500, 000) (24, 250, 000) (-7,150,000) ( -4, 150, 000) <+250, 000) (-250, 000) Department of the Army­ Civil Functions Ryukyu Islands, Army, Administration_ 6, 736,000 U4, 564,000 4, 216,000 4, 564,000 4, 216,000 -2,520,000 -348,000 ------348,000 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Assistance to refugees in the United States (Cuban program) ______112, 130, 000 16144, 103, 000 100, 000, 000 139, 000, 000 139, 000, 000 +26, 870, 000 -5,103,000 +39, 000,000 ------Department of State Migration and refugee assistance ______5, 70&, 000 Ia 8, 690,000 8, 690,000 8,690,000 8, 690,000 +2. 984, 000 ------.------Funds Appropriated to the President International Financial Institutions Asian Development Bank (paid-in capital). ______------_____ 20, 000, 000 ___ ------______------____ ------20, 000, 000 •••. ______------__ ------______----. ______Inter-American Development Bank: Paid-in capita'------25,000,000 75,000,000 13,240,000 75,000,000 75,000, 000 +SO, 000,000 ------+61, 760, 000 ------_ Callable capitaL ______------_ 200,000,000 136,760, 000 136,760, 000 136,760,000 136,760,000 -63,240,000 ____ ------____ ------__ _ Fund for special operations______50,000,000 50,000,000 ------50,000,000 ------50,000,000 -50,000,000 ------50,000,000 Subtotal, 10 B. ______• ______---:2=7-=-s.--=ooo-=-.-=-oo=-=o--u-2=-=6-=-l,--=7-=-60-.-=-ooo:-:---l-:50-::-,--=ooo-=-.-=-oo-o--26..... 1-. 7-60-,-oo-o--2-11-. -760-. oo-o----63-,2-4-o-. ooo- - _- 50-.-ooo-. _oo_o__ +_6_1.-7-60-.-ooo----50-, ooo--. oo-o

Footnotes at end of table. 5498 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 24, 1972 FOREIGN ASSISTANCE AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATION BILL, FISCAL YEAR 1972--CONFERENCE SUMMARY TABLE-Continued

Conference action compa red with- New budget New budget Budget esti- New budget New budget (obligational) New bu dget Budget esti- New budget New budget (obligational) mates of new (obligational) (obligational) authority (ob ligational) mates of new (obligational) (obligationa l) authority, (obligational) -authority authority recommended authority, (obligational) auth ority authority fisca I year 1971 authori~, recommended recommended by conference fiscal year 1971 authority ; recommended recommended Item (includes supps.) fiscal year 19 2 in House bill in Senate bill action (includes supps.) fi scal yea r 1972 in Hou se bill in Senate bill (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

International Bank tor Reconstructtor. and Development: Paid-in capitaL------24, 610, 000 ------24,610, 000 12,305, 000 +12, 305, 000 -12, 305, 000 + 12, 305, 000 -12, 305, 000 Callable capitaL------221,490, 000 ------221, 490,000 110, 745, 000 +110, 745, 000 -110, 745, 000 + 110, 745, 000 -110, 745, 000

Subtotal, IBRD------11 246, 100, 000 ------246, 100, 000 123, 050, 000 +123, 050, 000 -123, 050, 000 + 123, 050, 000 -123, 050, 000 International Development Association_ 160, 000, 000 ------160, 000, 000 ------.- International Monetary Fund (Quota increase) ______------_____ (1, 540, 000, 000) ___ ------__ ------______.. ____ ------<-1 , 540, 000, 000) ______~ ______Total, title Ill, new budget (obligational) authority, Foreign Assistance (other) ___ -==6=6=9,=5=72=, =00=0==74= 7=,4 =1=7,=0=00==3=3=0,=9=06=, =00=0==7=3=7,= 3=14=, =00=0==5=58='=7=16=,0 =0=0==-=1=1=0,=8=56='=00=0= -=1=8=8,=7=01=, =00=0=+=2=2=7,=8=10=, 0=0=0= -=1=78='=59=8=, 0=0=0 TITLE IV-EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES Limitation on program activity ------(4, 075, 483, 000)'' (7, 323,675, 000) (7, 323, 675, 000)(7, 323, 675, 000)(7, 323, 675, 000)(+3, 248, 192, 000) ______------__ Limitation on administrative expense__ (7, 048, 000) 20 (8, 072, 000) (8, 072, 000) (8, 072, 000) (8, 072, 000) ( +1, 024, 000) ______------Total, title IV, Export-Import Bank of the United States, limitations on use of corpo- . rate funds ______(4, 082, 531, 000) (7, 331, 747, 000) (7, 331 , 747, 000)(7, 331 , 747, 000)(7, 331, 747, 000)( +3, 249, 216, 000) ______

TITLE ¥-DEPARTMENT OF LABOR UNEMPLOYMENT TRUST FUND

Def~~~;~~~~-~a_b_~r- ~_n_e_~~~~~~-e_n_t ______(21) ------RECAPITULATION Grand total , new budget (obligational) authority , titles I, II, and IlL ______: , 812,257, 000 4, 342,635,000 3, 003, 461 , 000 3, 076,535, 000 3, 189, 437, 000 -622, 820, 000 -1, 153, 198, 000 +185, 976, 000 + 112, 902, 000 Reappropriation of unobligated balances: (a) Economic assistance ______(26, 503, 000) (25, 149, 000) (25, 149, 000) (25, 149, 000) (25, 149, 000) (b) Military assistance __ ------­ (6, 300, 000) (4, 000, 000) ( 4, 000, 000) (4, 000, 000) ( 4, 000, 000) (c) Security supporting assistance_ (768, 000) (2, 721, 000) (2, 721 , 000) (2, 721 , 000) (2, 721, 000) (~ +=~ 1,: 953~~ri,: 000)ggg~ =- -=-=====------=== -==-- ==- ---== ===------======------======------== =

tlncludes an increase of $1,654,000 contained In H. Doc. 92-93. u Unobligated balances as of June 30;1971, requested to be reappropriated. 'Includes an increase of $745,000 contained in H. Doc. 92-93. u Unobligated balances reappropriated. a Includes $13,300,000 for UNRWA which was funded in fiscal year 1971 from "Supporting u Includes an increase of $11,000,000 contained in H. Docs. 92-93 ($1,100,000) and 91-122 assistance." ($9,900,000). • In fiscal year 1971, th is program was funded at a level of $100,000,000 mostly from the u Includes an increase of $114,000 contained in H. Doc. 92-93. "Development loan" accounts. Ulncludes an increase of $103-tOOO contained in H. Doc.-92-93. 1 1n the fiscal year 1972 budget, this program was proposed to be funded at a level of $100,000,000 te Includes an increase of $40,u00 conta ined in H. Doc. 92- 93. mostly from the "Technical assistance" accounts. t7 Includes an increase of $211 ,760 ,000 contained in H. Doc. 92- 149. • Submitted as a budget amendment in H. Doc. 92-166. ''Submitted as a budget amendment in H. Doc. 92- 149. 1 Includes an increase of $2,600,000 contained in H. Doc. 92-93. n Includes an increase in limitation of $3,690,735,000 contained in H. Doc. 92-175. a Includes an increase of $15~,~~0 contained in H. Doc. 92- 93. 20 Includes an increase in limitation of $373,000 contained in H. Doc. 92-93. e Includes an increase of $2,Ub4,000 contained in H. Doc. 92-93. 21 Indefinite. 10 Unobligated balances as of June 30 , 1970, reappropriated. 22 Includes $50,000,000 earmarked for Israel. Mr. Speaker, I will reserve the remain­ tion and to insure that the South Viet­ rut. Funds are included in this for these der of my time. namese Government will not simply col­ fine programs in education abroad and The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen­ lapse as soon as we leave. hospitals abroad. tleman from Louisiana has consumed 13 This bill also includes and earmarks On December 15, the House approved minutes. $300 million of military credit sales for a continuing resolution to continue our The Chair recognizes the gentleman Israel. foreign aid efforts and our Vietnamiza­ from Kansas (Mr. SHRIVER). Money is included to continue the tion efforts by a vote of 233 yeas to 86 Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I yield Peace Corps. Funds are included to con­ nays. myself such time as I may consume. tinue our participation in the Inter­ Previously, on November 10, a similar Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to American Development Bank and the continuing resolution was passed by a vote in favor of the conference report. World Bank. voice vote. So again we come to the We are now 8 months into the 1972 Adequate funds have been included in House with a compromise, but one that fiscal year, which this bill is supposed this bill to meet the Federal Govern­ is very much like the House-passed ap­ to fund, and I believe that all of you ment's obligation to the States, and propriation and which is very similar to will agree that this is much too long especially to Dade County, Fla., for the the continuing resolution passed last a time for this agency or any agency assistance program for the Cuban refu­ December 15. of the Federal Government to have to gees. We can no longer delay on this fiscal wait to know what the program is that Fifteen million dollars, the amount of 1972 appropriation-the last regular ap­ they are supposed to be administer­ the authorization, is included for propriation bill for 1972. ing, and to have to operate for such a UNICEF. Two hundred million dollars is I would reemphasize the most im­ long period of time from continuing res- in this conference report for refugee as- portant item in this conference recom- olutions. sistance for the victims of the Pakistani mendation in my judgment is $550 mil­ Mr. Speaker, may I say that this con­ conflict. lion for supporting assistance. Approxi­ ference report includes money for the Twenty million dollars is included for mately 90 percent of the funds pro­ continued Vietnamization of the conflict American ~chools and hospitals abroad. gramed for the fiscal year 1972 in this in Southeast Asia. Our troops are re­ Many of those schools are, of course, in title are to be allocated to Vietnam, Laos, turning home, and supporting assist­ Israel. We have supported for many and Thailand-mostly to Vietnam, and ance must be provided for their protec- years the American University at Bel- the Vietnamization program, so that February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5499 South Vietnam can continue to take care that if we give any of the bureaucrats gentleman from Iowa has said at this of itself and so that we can have the around here time enough, especially time a.nd the great cooperation he has withdrawal program the President has those in this outfit, they will get the given to me in the past. We have no mis­ announced and which is working so suc­ money spent. understanding about this bill. I am just cessfully. Mr. PASSMAN. Not the callable cap­ as opposed to excessive foreign aid spend­ So this sum of $550 million is included ital. In the long history of the existence ing as is the gentleman from Iowa. But in this appropriation for Vietnamiza­ of the World Bank, there is no record we cannot correct all the evils in one tion-a large proportion really of this of callable capital ever being spent, not year. There comes a time when a man greatly reduced fo:reign aid bill. a dime of it. must face up to his responsibility, and Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 Mr. GROSS. I do not care whether that is what I am trying to do. minutes to the gentleman from Iowa you call it callable capital or what it is If the gentleman will yield further to (Mr. GROSS). called. They will get it eventually and permit me to make one further observa­ Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman it will be spent. tion, let us take one of the items that from Kansas for yielding me this time. Mr. PASSMAN. It has not been spent. I did not go into and that is the World­ Mr. Speaker, let me see if I understand Mr. GROSS. The gentleman says that wide Development Loan Fund. We gave this conference report, and to that end this is $622 million less than the amount them $420 million last year. They asked I would address a question or two to the for the fiscal year 1971. for $400 million in fiscal year 1972. We gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. PAss­ Mr. PASSMAN. $622,820,000. gave them $200 million. We cut that by MAN). Mr. GROSS. All right, $622,820,000 50 percent. As I understand it, this calls for $3,- less than for fiscal 1971. Let me ask the So in some areas of course we have cut 189,437,000 to be spent on foreign aid in gentleman this question: How much of it very substantially. Had it not been for this fiscal year? that claimed reduction of $622,820,000 is some of the other organizations, such as Mr. PASSMAN. This is titles I, n and to be found in other appropriation bills? the Inter-American Development Bank, m which includes the amount of $110,- Mr. PASSMAN. I am not in a position the World Bank and others, this bill 745,000 for callable capital for the World to discuss bills that I do not handle. It would have been much lower than it is. Bank; that is correct. takes all I can do to keep on top of this But I think we made a very good start Mr. GROSS. But it is still a commit­ bill. I would say to my distinguished in this long conference to bring this pro­ ment and could be expended, if needed; friend, if he will yield further, I certainly gram under control. is that correct? support him. He is a great Member. If If the gentleman will yield for one Mr. PASSMAN. It is not likely that he would make the fight on the author­ further statement. The trend is toward there will ever be a time that the callable izing bills providing funds for these in­ multilateral foreign aid. In the multi­ capital would be spent. But I say to the ternational organizations, we could save lateral organization we do not know when gentleman categorically, it is a correct a lot of time when the authorizations the money is obligated, we do not know indication that if there were some emer­ are handed to my committee for the ap­ the amount obligated, we do not know t<> gency that is unforeseen at this time and propriation. We should stop this trend what country it is obligated to, and we where all of the creditors would default when these huge amounts are provided do not know for what purpose it is obli­ and no other money was coming into the in some authorizing bill. gated. We are gradually pushing for­ World Bank, then there is a commitment Mr. GROSS. Let me say to the able eign aid over into the multilateral area to use it. Of course, this provides the gentleman, to keep the record straight, where we have little or no control. Once money. that the gentleman from Iowa has op­ we get an authorization, some of the posed the foreign handout bills in the bureaucrats claim that we have no alter­ Mr. GROSS. So $3,189 million is the authorizing committee just as assidu­ native, and we have to give them the fi­ total commitment for spending on the ously as he has opposed your bills on the nancial support. foreign handout program under the House floor because this money has to be Mr. GROSS. Of course, I support the terms of this bill and for the fiscal year borrowed, and I want to get the foreign­ gentleman in his opposition to multi­ 1972 which ends in 4 months? ers off the backs of the American tax­ lateral foreign aid. The proper over­ Mr. PASSMAN. That is the total com­ payers. So I renew the question: To the sight cannot be given to multilateral aid. mitment, if you include that part which best of the gentleman's knowledge is But multilateral or unilateral, it makes is included for callable capital for the any of the $622 million which he claims no difference. This business of foreign aid several international financial institu­ as a saving over 1971 to be found in any has got to end for it is one of the real tions. other appropriation bills? reasons why the people of this country The chances are we would never have Mr. PASSMAN. I wish that I could are facing bankruptcy. to pay out this callable capital. give the gentleman a sworn statement Mr. PASSMAN. If the gentleman will Mr. GROSS. Do I understand correctly on that. Of course, I have no knowledge yield further, I assure the gentleman I that the commitment under this confer­ of any other bills where this is hidden. share his views just as far as I possibly ence report is more than it was under What I have said applies only to the bill can, but once it is authorized, once we either the original House or Senate bill? that this committee handles. We took get into these entanglements, it is ex­ Mr. PASSMAN. I want to answer the every bill that we handled last year and tremely hard to get out of them, but not gentleman correctly, in titles I and n, the reduction of $622 million below fis­ impossible. What we should do is block normally referred to as foreign aid, we cal year 1971 is an accurate one. I can them prior to the point where they come are under the House bill. We are over the assure the gentleman that that is true. to the Committee on Appropriations. House bill only when you include title The World Bank was not in the bill last The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ m, which, of course, includes the World year. This committee denied funds in the tleman has expired. Bank and the Inter-American Develop­ supplemental bill for the World Bank. Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield ment Bank. That is true. We denied them funds in the regular 2 minutes to the distinguished gentle­ Mr. GROSS. I am speaking of the bill this year. Only when the other body man from Maryland . the final chapter in the great foreign aid Fortunately, reason and good sense pre­ Mr DOW. Mr. Speaker, I thank the debate of fiscal 1972. vailed, and foreign assistance was resur­ gentleman from Louisiana for yielding. Today is February 24, 1972, nearly 8 rected Phoenix-like from the ashes to May I inquire how much is in this bill months into the fiscal year, and yet, only take :flight once again. for financial aid to Cambodia? now are we completing action on the final But I think we must squarely face the Mr. PASSMAN. May I say to the dis­ major appropriations bill for the fiscal fact that foreign assistance is still a tinguished gentleman from New York, all year which began last July. I think it is weak bird with a broken wing flying foreign aid funds are appropriated on an disgraceful that only two of the 14 major against the wind in the middle of a illustrative basis. Of course, we have no funding bills had cleared the Congress storm. And that bird is going to be im­ idea just how these funds will be allo­ prior to the beginning of the fiscal year­ periled by the same congressional tem­ cated along the way. They are shifted education and legislative. The rest of our pest for some time to come unless action from one country to another, depending Government agencies were forced to op­ is taken to reform and thereby strength­ on the need. Of course, military assist­ erate for months under continuing reso­ en our foreign assistance apparatus. On ance for Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam lutions, making for a great deal of un­ April 21, 1971, Prseident Nixon proposed are handled by the Defense Subcommit­ certainty and confusion in :;>lanning and to the Congress a major overhaul of our tee on Appropriations. There was a operation. I do not say this in criticism foreign assistance structure, based on budget request presented for assistance of the Appropriations Committee, for in the recommendations of his Task Force to Cambodia, but inasmuch as funds in this bill are appropriated by program and most cases the hangup was in the au­ on International Development, chaired the budget requests are made on a illus­ thorization process. We must face up to by Mr. Rudolph Peterson. I have been trative basis, we cannot give the gentle­ this sorry situation and do something assured by the chairman of the House man an accurate answer on that question about it. I hope the deadline set by the Committee on Foreign Affairs that the at this time. leadership for major authorizations in reform legislation submitted by the Pres­ Mr. DOW. In other words, in the ad­ this session is strictly adhered to so that ident would be given serious considera­ ministrative departments who have dis­ we can proceed immediately on consid­ tion in this session of the Congress. I posal of these funds, they could decide eration of the appropriations measures. think it is imperative that we move in to use the total amount of the assistance And it is my further hope that we can the directions proposed by the President and could apply all this financial aid to establish some permanent mechanism or if we are to salvage foreign assistance as Cambodia, and I believe the amount rules for expediting the authorization­ a vi3ible, constructive, and effective in­ would be a half billion dollars? appropriation process in future years. gredient of American foreign policy. If Mr. PASSMAN. The total amount for One need only look at the Peace Corps not, the Phoenix will soon return to its security supporting assistance, of course, as a case study in what these prolonged nest of ashes. is $550 million. Now $481 million of that delays can mean. The Peace Corps began Finally, Mr. Speaker, I wish to address has been obligated, and $50 million of it its spending in this fiscal year at the myself to several salutary provisions is earmarked for Israel. budget request level of $82 million. Later contained in the conference report be­ Of course, I can assure the gentleman in the fiscal year the spending level was fore us today. Funds for international that there is no likelihood Cambodia cut back to $77 million by the authoriza­ organimtions and programs were raised would ever get all the money or get half tion and continuing resolt~tions; and still from $41 million in the House version to the money. later into the fiscal year the spending $127 million, including up to $86 million I believe the administrators must have level was further reduced to $72 mil­ for the United Nations development pro­ some latitude in this matter, in the case lion by continuing resolution. The con­ gram for which the House had at>proved of an emergency, where they could ship ferees on the foreign assistance bill com­ nothing. Funds for programs relating to more to Vietnam or to other countries promised the House-passed $68 million population growth were raised from $50 getting supporting assistance. I actually and the Senate-passed $77.2 million at million in the House version to $125 mil­ believe that this supporting assistance is $72 million. But because the Peace Corps lion. Funds for refugee relief assistance necessary. The executive must have that was spending at the higher levels in the in East Pakistan were raised from $175 right to use supporting assistance where first half of the fiscal year, it now finds million in the House version to $200 mil­ needed. itself substantially overextended in lion. And development loans were raised At this time it appears Vietnam will get terms of the $72 million appropriation from $150 million in the Senate version the lion's share of supporting assistance. and it actually has very few funds re- to $200 million, as compared with $250 Mr. DOW. It seems to me that the com­ maining to carry it through the rest of million in the House version. In conclu­ mittee is giving an open-ended license this fiscal year. What this means in sion, while this bill falls some $900 mil­ to our Government to proceed any way operating terms is that the Peace Corps lion short of the administration's re­ it chooses in a far country without any will have to drastically reduce its over­ quest, I think it is deserving of our authorization by way of a declaration of seas force levels, perhaps even shut down support. war, any specific authorization from this its operations in some countries; it will Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, only Congress, and that we are in effect traf­ have to close down current training 10 years ago it would have been incon­ ficking in blood. We have embarked on operations and cancel those which have ceivable to suggest that the level of noise a course of adventurism, especially in been planned between now and July, thus in our environment might pose a threat Cambodia, and I want to register my reneging on promises made to other coun­ to our health and safety. strong opposition to this license. tries. By our delays and reductions we in Regretfully, what would have been

--- - February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5501 termed folly then, is now all too sobering particular bill in two areas represents a amendment which would close the loop­ reality. The growing volume and inten­ "pennywise and pound-foolish" ap­ hole and bar aid to Ecuador. sity of noise generated in the home, of­ proach. Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, fice, and our cities constitutes just an­ Specifically, I take strong exception to I rise today in support of the conference other menacing phenomenon of our the figure of $72 million appropriated for report on H.R. 12067, the foreign as­ modern age. the Peace Corps, since I believe the full sistance and related programs appropria­ No less than water or air pollution. amount authorized by the Senate, $77.2 tion bill. It is unfortunate, however, that noise pollution is a problem which we million, should be appropriated. The the conference committee could not rec­ cannot delay in meeting head on now Peace Corps is a positive force, an opera­ ommend the full $77 million for the Peace and one which we must solve soon. The tion that has reached maturity and, if Corps. solution to this problem would be much anything, it should have its appropria­ On February 7, 1 sent a letter to each easier if its cause were limited to but a tions increased and not decreased. Manager on the part of the House, urging few major sources. However, this is not It is unfortunate that the chairman of support for the full funding of the Peace the case; this pollution emanates from the House subcommittee was successful Corps. At that time I believed, as I still an almost infinite variety of sources. in his vendetta in having the Peace believe, that this does not appear to be Since noise pollution is such a com­ Corps appropriations decreased. the logical time to cut the Peace Corps. prehensive and all pervasive threat to In my judgment the limit on foreign For, after a period of disillusionment and our people and because it is a threat to military credit sales is also unfortunate. distrust in government, our young people the very quality of our lives, we must at­ I believe that we should take a good hard are again turning to national service in tack it on a national scale. This measure look at military sales to our allies, espe­ large numbers. I strongly feel that with does just that and, if for no other rea­ cially those that have met all their the projected decrease in the military son than that it represents a first step obligations to treaties with us rather draft, the number of young people ex­ toward that goal, it is worthy of our than retreating into neoisolationism. pressing interest in service-related fields approval. Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. such as the Peace Corps is bound to in­ Mr. Speaker, the scientific facts which Speaker, I rise in support of the motion crease. motivated this legislation are worthy of by Mr. VAN DEERLIN. I heartily applaud the efforts of the review because they illustrate just how On December 8, 1971, during con­ conferees, who have acted most judi­ real, how devastating the consequences of sideration of the Foreign Aid Appro­ ciously in raising the appropriation to excessive noise actually are. priations Act, the House of Representa­ $72 million, $4 million above the House­ We now know that prolonged and un­ tives adopted an amendment which pro­ passed appropriation. This is an admir­ usually high levels of noise cause emo­ hibited any of the funds in the act from able step in the right direction. tional stress which can have long-term providing assistance to Ecuador. We cannot forget, though, that one implications for many people. As for Many of us feel very strongly that step in the proper direction must be fol­ physical effects, extreme noise can result nations, such as Ecuador, which hijack lowed by another. It is probable that even in partial or complete loss of hearing. our vessels on the high seas, and then a $72 million appropriation will force the A study made at the University of Ten­ exact fines totaling over $2 million in cessation of operations in as many as 15 nessee has proven that an alarming num­ 1971 alone, should not receive foreign countries and reduce activities in some 40 ber of incoming freshmen already have aid. others. We must not allow the continued reduced hearing facilities. These young Why should the American taxpayer be curtailment of such a vital and valuable people between the ages of 18 and 21 had asked to give $25 million in aid to program. the hearing ability of people twice their Ecuador, as requested by the administra­ The Peace Corps is worth saving, for age. Just how much this defect will ac­ tion? it utilizes our most important product, celerate as they grow older no one can I do not believe we should. our young people, for a most important accurately predict. If we approved granting foreign aid purpose-the propagation of peace. It is true that the high rate of hearing to those countries which voted against Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, as I un­ defects among young people is due in us in the United Nations, then Ecuador derstand it, the purpose of the confer­ part to the fact that they often subject would rightly deserve U.S. foreign aid. ence committee is to reconcile the differ­ If we approved granting foreign aid ences between the House version and the themselves for long periods of time to to those countries which violate inter­ version passed by the other body. excessively loud music. However, the ef­ national law by pirating our fishing If this were true, the present confer­ fect it has had upon them should serve vessels, then Ecuador would rightly de­ ence report on foreign aid assistance now as a graphic example of the potentially serve U.S. foreign aid. before us would appropriate some­ disastrous consequences of prolonged If we approved granting foreign aid where between $3.003 and $3.077 billion noise pollution. to those countries which use U.S. vessels for foreign assistance. Unfortunately, Mr. Speaker, by giving the Administra­ on loan from the Navy to seize our ships this is not the case. The conferees ask us tor of the Environmental Protection on the high seas, then, again, Ecuador to accept a report that would set aside Agency the authority to prescribe accept­ would rightly deserve U.S. foreign aid. $3,189,437,000 for this purpose, an in­ able noise limits we can roll back the tide But, Mr. Speaker, I do not believe we crease of approximately $113 million over of noise which threatens to inundate us should adopt a policy which grants aid the Senate bill and $185,976,000 over that all. Today, there are more than 80 million to a country which commits the above appropriated by this House, December 8, Americans, 40 percent of the population, acts, and thus, I vigorously supported the 1971. who are affected by noise pollution. Fur­ amendment barring aid to Ecuador on This conference report is but another thermore, of that number, 40 million are DecemberS. gigantic shell game practiced on the risking serious and permanent hearing However, when the bill went to the American people. The conferees have impediments. Senate, this provision was deleted. simply rewritten the bill. If this legis­ Mr. Speaker, pollution of any kind, In the House-Senate conference, which lation is enacted into law, it can bring whether it be of noise, water, or air, is convened to iron out the differences in us closer and closer to bankruptcy and distinguished by the fact that no individ­ the two bills. the language of the House­ the brink of one world government. ual by his own efforts can escape it. This passed amendment was altered in order An examination of !>ut a few of the enemy will fall only to a national attack; to bar aid to Ecuador, unless the Presi• amendments proposed by this conference a concerted and united plan by this Gov­ dent determines that the furnishing of report illustrates my point. Amendment ernment to control the level of noise in such assistance is important to the na­ No. 1 sets aside $160 million for "world­ our society before it truly does become tional interest of the United States. wide, technical assistance,'' an increase deafening. I, therefore, respectfully urge Mr. Speaker, the loophole allowing the of $10 million over that appropriated by the passage of the Noise Control Act. State Department to continue granting the House. Amendment No. 2 increases Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in foreign aid to Ecuador will remain open. the amount appropriated for technical casting my vote against foreign assist­ Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I support the assistance to the Alliance for Progess to ance appropriations, I do so with mixed motion by Mr. VAN DEERLIN which would $80 million, $5 million over that contain­ feelings since, generally, I feel the aid reject the conference amendment. In­ ed in the House bill. program should have been scaled back to stead, I believe that the conference com­ Of most importance, however, is the this size some time ago. However, this mittee should accept the House-passed fact that amendment No.3 increases the 5502 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 24, 1972 amount appropriated by the House for Brademas Hebert Poage Qulllen Shoup Thomson, Wis. Brasco Heckler, Mass. Podell Randall Sikes Thone international organizations and pro­ Brooks Helstosk.l Preyer, N.C. Rarick Skubitz Veysey grams $86 million to a grand total of Broomfield Hicks, Mass. Price, Til. Roberts Slack Waggonner $127 million. Furthermore, the conferees Brotzman Hicks, Wash. Quie Rogers Smith, Calif. Waldie Brown, Mich. Hogan Railsback Roush Snyder Wampler agreed that $86 million, which, inciden­ Brown, Ohio Horton Rangel Rousselot Staggers White tally, is the exact amount of the increase, Buchanan Howard Rees Roy Stanton, Whitten "shall be available for the United Na­ Burke, Mass. Jacobs Reid Runnels James V. Wilson, Burton Johnson, Calif. Reuss Ruth Steiger, Ariz. Charles H. tions development program.'' Byrne, Pa. Johnson, Pa. Rhodes Sandman Stephens Winn In addition to setting aside $86 million Carey, N.Y. Jones, Ala. Riegle Satterfield Stubblefield Wylie more of the American taxpayers' money Cederberg Kazen Robinson, Va. Saylor Stuckey Wyman Colllns, ru. Keating Robison, N.Y. Scherle Sullivan Young, Fla. for international organizations and pro­ Conable Kee Rodino Schmitz Talcott Zion grams, the conferees have agreed to set Conte Keith Roncalio Scott Taylor Zwach aside $15 million specifically for the Corman Kluczynski Rooney, N.Y. Sebelius Terry United Nations Children's Fund. This Cotter Koch Rooney, Pa. Shipley Thompson, Ga. Coughlin Kyros Rosenthal House did not even include this item in Culver Lent Rostenkowski NOT VOTING-51 its version passed less than 3 months Daniels, N.J. Link Roybal Abernethy Edwards, La. McDonald, ago. Dellenback:. Lloyd Ruppe Ashbrook Erlenborn Mich. What this means, Mr. Speaker, is that Dennis Long, Md. Ryan Ashley GalUlanakis Macdonald, Diggs McClory St Germain Baker Green, Oreg. Mass. 0 the conferees are asking us to accept a Dingell McDade Sarbanes Baring Gubser Metcalfe report that sets aside $101 million ear­ Donohue McEwen Schneebeli Bell Hagan Moorhead Drinan McFall Schwengel Bergland Hawkins Mosher marked specifically for the United Na­ duPont McKay Seiberling Blatnik Heinz Murphy, N.Y. tions and its international programs. Eckhardt McKevitt Shriver Broyh111, N.C. Hillis Patman Furthermore, and most interesting, the Edmondson McKinney Smith, Iowa Byrnes, Wis. Holifield Pryor, Ark. Edwards,Callf. Madden Smith, N.Y. Celler Hosmer Pucinskl total amount set aside for international Eilberg Mahon Springer Chisholm !chord Purcell organizations and programs over that Esch Mallllard Stanton, Clark Jones, Tenn. Roe appropriated by this House is exactly Evans, Colo. Mallary J. W1111am Clay Karth Scheuer Fascell Mann Steed Colmer Kuykendall Sisk $101 million. Findley Mathias, Calif. Steele Danielson Leggett Spence Furthermore, as if to compound this Fish Matsunaga Steiger, Wis. Davis, Wis. Long, La. Tiernan insult to the American people, this con­ Flood Mayne Stokes Dwyer McCloskey Foley Mazzoli Stratton ference report to accompany H.R. 12067, Ford, Gerald R. Meeds Symington So the conference report was agreed to. the foreign assistance appropriations, Ford, Melcher Teague, Calif. The Clerk announced the following suggests that the Congress appropriate a William D. Mikva Teague, Tex. pairs: total of $123.52 million for the Inter­ Forsythe Miller, Calif. Thompson, N.J. Fraser Mills, Md. Udall On this vote: American Bank over that set aside for Frelinghuysen Minish Ullman Mr. Tiernan for, with Mr. Macdonald of this purpose by the House, or a total of Frenzel Mink Van Deerlin Massachusetts against. $286,760,000. Fulton Mitchell Vander Jagt Gallagher Mollohan Vanik Mr. Holifield for, with Mr. Hagan against. Mr. Speaker, I intend to cast my peo­ Garmatz Monagan Vigorito Mr. Celler for, with Mr. Ashbrook against. ple's vote against the conference report Giaimo Morgan Ware Mr. Blatnik for, with Mrs. Chisholm to accompany H.R. 12067, the foreign Gonzalez Morse Whalen against. assistance appropriations for :fiscal year Gray Murphy, Til. Whalley Mr. Slsk for, with Mr. Long o'f Louisiana Green, Pa. Nedzi Whitehurst against. 1972-it is but another piece of legisla­ Gr111lths Nelsen Widnall tion to further entangle America in in­ Gude Nix Wiggins Mr. Metcalfe for, with Mr. Colmer against. Halpern O'Hara Williams Mr. Hosmer for, with Mr. Baring against. ternational alliances and is a waste of Hamilton O'Ne111 Wilson, Bob Mr. Heinz for, with Mr. Ashley against. taxpayers' money as it proposes to con­ Hanley Passman Wolff Mrs. Dwyer for, with Mr. Abernethy tinue to pour American dollars into the Hanna Patten Wright against. Hansen, Idaho Pelly Wyatt Mr. Mosher for, with Mr. Gallfianakis sink hole of international progress. Hansen, Wash. Pepper Wydler My people would not tolerate the origi­ Harrington Perkins Yates against. nal bill passed by the House less than 3 Harsha Peyser Yatron Mr. Clay for, with Mrs. Green of Oregon months ago. This conference report is Harvey Pickle Young, Tex. against. even more repulsive. Hathaway Pirnie Zablocki Mr. Erlenborn for, with Mr. Purcell against. NAYs-167 Mr. McCloskey for, with Mr. Jones o'! Ten­ Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I have no nessee against. further requests for time. Abbitt de la Garza Hull Abourezk. Delaney Hungate Mr. Clark for, with Mr. Baker against. Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I move Anderson, Dellums Hunt Mr. Moorhead for, with Mr. Kuykendall the previous question on the conference Calif. Denholm Hutchinson against. report. Archer Dent Jarman Mr. Murphy of New York for, with Mr. H1llis A spin Derwinsk:.l Jonas against. The previous question was ordered. Beglch Devine Jones, N.C. The SPEAKER pro tempore Flowers McCormack Mr. Pryor of Arkansas with Mr. Davis of der that a quorum is not present. Cabell Flynt McCulloch Wisconsin. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evident­ Caffery Fountain McMillan Mr. Pucinski with Mr. Spence. Camp Frey Martin ly a quorum is not present. Carney Fuqua Mathis, Ga. Mr. Patman with Mr. Scheuer. The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Carter Gaydos Michel Mr. HULL and Mr. BRAY changed sent Members, and the Clerk will call the Casey, Tex• . Gettys Miller, Ohio roll. Chamberlain Gibbons Mills, Ark. their votes from "yea" to "nay." Chappel Goldwater Minshall Mr. BROWN of Michigan, Mrs. HAN­ The question was taken; and there Clancy Goodling Mizell SEN of Washington, and Mr. BOB were-yeas 213, nays 167, not voting 51, Clausen, Grasso Montgomery as follows: Don H. Griffin Moss wn.,soN changed their votes from [Roll No. 51] Clawson, Del Gross Myers "nay" to "yea." Cleveland Grover Natcher The result of the vote was announced YEAS-213 Colller Haley Nichols Abzug Andrews Blester Colllns, Tex. Hall Obey as above recorded. Adams Annunzlo Bingham Conyers Hammer- O'Konski A motion to reconsider was laid on the Addabbo Arends Blackburn Crane schmidt Pettis table. Alexander Aspinall Boggs Curlin Hastings Pike AMENDMENTS IN DISAGREEMENT Anderson, Dl. Badlllo Boland Daniel, Va. Hays Poff Anderson, Barrett Bolling Davis, Ga. Hechler, W.Va. Powell The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report Tenn. Blaggl Bow Davis, S.C. Henderson Price, Tex. the first amendment in disagreement. February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5503 The Clerk read as follows: Senate amendment No. 27: On page 11, in this matter-whenever this option has Senate amendment No.5: On page 2, line lines 12 and 13, strike out the following: been left to the administration, under 21, insert the following: "SEc. 114. No part of any appropriations any administration, whether the Ken­ It 1s the sense of the Senate that the total contained in this Act may be used to pro­ nedy, the Johnson, the Eisenhower, _or United States contribution to the Interna­ vide assistance to Ecuador." the Nixon administration, nothing has tional Atomic Energy Agency be negotiated MOTION OFFERED BY MR. PASSMAN ever happened. by the State Department with the members Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I offer a of the IAEA in order to bring our contribu­ If we really meant what we decided tion down to a per centum not to exceed motion. here on the 8th of December, we had bet­ 31.5. Progress made on these negotiations The Clerk read as follows: ter not make it optional. We had bet­ shall be reported to the Foreign Relations Mr. PASSMAN moves that the House re­ ter make it stick to the language that and Appropriations Committees of the Senate cede from its disagreement to the amend­ we adopted in the House, and I shall by September 30, 1972." ment of the Senate numbered 27 and con­ surely, Mr. Speaker, ask that this be cur therein with an amendment, as fol­ MOTION OFFERED BY MR. PASSMAN done. lows: In lieu of the matter stricken by said Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I offer a amendment, insert the following: Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ motion. "SEc. 113. No part of any appropriations tleman yield to me? The Clerk read as follows: contained in this Act may be used to pro­ Mr. PASSMAN. I yield to the gentle­ man from Washington. Mr. PASSMAN moves that the House recede vide assistance to Ecuador, unless the Presi­ from its disagreement to the amendment of dent determines that the furnishing of such Mr. PELLY. I just wanted to say to the the Senate numbered 5 and concur therein assistance is important to the national in­ House it is not as bleak as it might ap­ with an amendment, as follows: In lieu of terest of the United States." pear, because I am informed that under the matter proposed by said amendment, in­ The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes the Hickenlooper amendment, finally our sert the following: the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. State Department has started to with­ "It 1s the sense of the Congress that the PASSMAN). hold aid and that no aid has gone to total United States contribution to the Inter­ Ecuador for the last 14 months. So I national Atomic Energy Agency be negotiated Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield join with the gentleman from California by the State Department with the members to the gentleman from California

·_-,_ ~ -- February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5505 '

Keith Morgan Shoup Frey !chord Pryor, Ark. otherwise in accord with the applicable pro­ Kemp Morse Shriver Fulton Karth PUcinskl visions of this act." King Moss Skubitz Galifianakis Leggett Purcell Kluczynski Murphy, Ill. Smith, Iowa Gray Long, La. Roe The motion was agreed to. Koch Nedzi Smith, N.Y. Griffiths McCloskey Rooney, Pa. A motion to reconsider the votes by Kuykendall Nelsen Springer Hagan Macdonald, Scheuer Kyl Obey Staggers Harsha Mass. Sisk which action was taken on the several Landgrebe O'Hara Stanton, Hawkins Metcalfe Smith, Calif. motions was laid on the table. Latta O'Konski J. William Heinz Moorhead Spence Lent O'Neill Steed H1111s Mosher Tiernan Link Passman Steele Holifield Murphy, N.Y. Wilson, Bob GENERAL LEAVE Lloyd Patten Steiger, Ariz. Hosmer Patman Young, Fla. Lujan Pelly Steiger, Wis. Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask McClory Pepper Stokes So the motion was agreed to. McCollister Perkins Stratton The Clerk announced the following unanimous consent that all Members McCulloch Peyser Symington pairs: may have 5 legislative days in which to McDade Pirnie Talcott revise and extend their remarks in the McDonald, Poage Teague, Calif. On this vote: Mich. Podell Terry Mr. Tiernan for, with Mr. Hogan against. RECORD on the conference report just McEwen Pofi' Thompson, N.J. Mr. Holifield for, with Mr. Long of Lou- adopted. McFall Powell Thomson, Wis. isiana against. The SPEAKER. Without objection, McKay Price, Ill. Thone it is so ordered. McKevitt Quie Udall Mr. Blatnik for, with Mr. Abernethy McKinney Railsback Ullman against. There was no objection. Madden Rangel VanderJagt Mr. Scheuer for, with Mr. Abbitt against. Mahon Rees Vanik Mr. Clark for, with Mr. Baring against. Mailllard Reid Veysey Mr. Murphy of New York for, with Mr. PERMISSION TO INCLUDE TABLES Mallary Reuss Vigorito Dowdy aaginst. IN REMARKS ON CONFERENCE Mann Rhodes Ware Mr. Moorhead for, with Mr. Burleson of Martin Riegle Whalen REPORT Mathias, Cali!. Robinson, Va. Whalley Texas agaiJ:!.St. Matsunaga Robison, N.Y. Widnall Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mayne Rodino Wiggins Until further notice: unanimous consent that I may include Mazzoli Rooney, N.Y. Williams Mr. Sisk with Mr. Smith of California. certain tables in my remarks on the Meeds Rosenthal Winn Mr. Bergland with Mr. Mosher. conference report just adopted. Melcher Rostenkowski Wright Mr. Macdonald of Massachusetts with Mr. Michel Roybal Wyatt The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Mikva Ruppe Wylie Byrnes of Wisconsin. is so ordered. Miller, Calif. Ryan Wyman Mr. Boland with Mr. Erlenborn. Mills, Md. StGermain Yates Mr. Celler with Mrs. Dwyer. There was no objection. Mink Schneebell Young, Tex. Mr. Karth with Mr. Esch. Minshall Schwengel Zablocki Mr. Hawkins with Mr. Pucinski. Mitchell Sebelius Zion Mr. Anderson of Tennessee with Mr. Young PERMISSION FOR COMMITI'EE ON Monagan Seiberling Zwach of Florida. INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN COM­ ·NAY8-138 Mr. Clay with Mr. Heinz. MERCE TO FllE REPORT ON H.R. Abourezk Foley Pickle Mr. Danielson with Mr. Harsha. 11384, mGH SPEED GROUND Adams Fountain Pike Mr. Fulton with Mr. Baker. Alexander Fuqua Preyer, N.C. Mr. Rooney of Pennsylvania with Mr. TRANSPORTATION Anderson, Garmatz Price, Tex. Hosmer. Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Cali!. Gaydos Quillen Mr. Gray with Mr. Spence. Archer Gettys Randall unanimous consent that the Committee Begich Goodling Rarick Mrs. Griffiths with Mr. Broyhlll of North on Interstate and Foreign Commerce Bennett Green, Oreg. Roberts Carolina. may have until midnight tonight to file Betts Grifiln Rogers Mr. Pryor of Arkansas with Mr. Ashbrook. Bevill Gross Roncalio Mr. Purcell witth Mr. Frey. a report on H.R. 11384, high speed Blagg! Grover Roush Mr. Roe with Mr. Davis of Wisconsin ground transportation. Blanton Haley Rousselot Mr. Willlam D. Ford with Mr. Chamber- The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Brinkley Hall Roy Burke, Fla. Hanley Runnels lain. is so ordered. Burlison, Mo. Hays Ruth Mr. Metcalfe with Mr. Bell. There was no objection. Byrne, Pa. Hebert Sandman Mr. !chord with Mr. McCloskey. Byron Hechler, W.Va. Sarbanes Mr. Colmer with Mr. Hillis. Cabell Heckler, Mass. Satterfield Mrs. Chisholm with Mr. Galifianakis. Caffery Henderson Saylor Mr. Leggett with Mr. Evins of Tennessee. LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM Carney Hicks, Wash. Scherle Carter Hull Schmitz Mrs. GREEN of Oregon, Mr. DOW and (Mr. GERALD R. FORD asked and was Chappell Hungate Scott given permission to address the House Collins, Tex. Hunt Shipley Mr. DUNCAN changed their votes from for 1 minute.) Corman Jarman Sikes "yea" to "nay." Crane Johnson, Calif. Slack The result of the vote was announced Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, Curlin Jones, Ala. Snyder I have asked for this time for the purpose Daniel, Va. Jones, N.C. Stanton, as above recorded. of getting the rest of the program for Daniels, N.J. Jones, Tenn. James V. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report Davis, Ga. Kyros Stephens this week, if any, and the schedule for Davis, S.C. Landrum Stubblefield the next amendment in disagreement. next week. de la Garza Lennon Stuckey The Clerk read as follows: Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, will the Denholm Long, Md. Sullivan Senate amendment No. 40: On page 18, gentleman yield? Dennis McClure Taylor line 19, insert: Dent McCormack Teague, Tex. SEc. 504. Not to exceed $1,200,000 of the Mr. GERALD R. FORD. I yield to the Devine McMillan Thompson, Ga. funds appropriated under title I of this Act distinguished majority leader. Dickinson Mathis, Ga. Van Deerlln Dorn Miller, Ohio Waggonner and for the Peace Corps under this Act may Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, in response Dow Mills, Ark. Waldie be used to reimburse the expenses of the to the inquiry of my good friend, the Downing Minish Wampler Inspector General, Foreign Assistance, of distinguished minority leader, we have Dulski Mizell White which amount not to exceed $1,028,000 may completed the program for this week. Duncan Mollohan Whitehurst be expended for compensation for personnel. Edmondson Montgomery Whitten It is my intention to ask to go over Edwards, Cali!. Myers Wilson, MOTION OFFERED BY MR. PASSMAN to Monday in a few minutes. Eilberg Natcher Charles H. Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I offer a We have transferred one bill that was Fisher Nichols Wolff Flowers N1x Wydler motion. scheduled for this week until next Tues­ Flynt Pettis Yatron The Clerk read as follows: day, that is the Noise Control Act of 1972, NOT VOTING-63 Mr. PASSMAN moves that the House recede which was listed on this week's whip Abbitt Boland Danielson from its disagreement to the amendment of notice. The bill will be considered under Abernethy Broyhill, N.C. Davis, Wis. the Senate numbered 40 and concur therein an open rule with 1 hour of general Anderson, Burleson, Tex. Dowdy with an amendment, as follows: Add the debate. Tenn. Byrnes, Wis. Dwyer following at the end of said amendment: On Monday, which is District day, Ashbrook Celler Edwards, La. "All obllgations incurred during the period Baker Chamberlain Erlenborn beginning February 23, 1972 and ending on there are no District bills scheduled. Baring Chisholm Each the date of approval of this Act, for projects There is one resolution-House Reso­ Bell Clark Evins, Tenn. Bergland Clay Ford, or activities for which provision is made 1n lution 819-Special Committee To In­ Blatnik _ Colmer _WilHam D. this Act are hereby ratlfted and confirmed 1f vestigate Campaign Expenditures. That 5506 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 24, 1972 is the committee that is appointed each DISPENSING WITH CALENDAR winning a competition in which all con­ election year. WEDNESDAY BUSINESS ON testants must be graced with the highest On Tuesday, we will consider 22 unani­ WEDNESDAY NEXT degree of attractiveness and good groom­ mous-consent btlls from the Committee Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ ing, intelligence, conversational ability, on Ways and Means. imous consent that Calendar Wednes­ a sense of humor and a genuine interest The bills are as follows: day business in order for Wednesday in other people. H.R. 532, money gifts to enhance Cap­ next be dispensed with. As rodeo's spokesman throughout the itol; The SPEAKER. Is there objection to country, Miss Jowers represents a sport H.R. 1010, Wagering Tax Amendments the request of the gentleman from and a sanctioning organization, Inter­ of 1972; Louisiana? national Rodeo Association, that has H.R. 1246, tax treatment of divestitures There was no objection. steadfastly resisted exploitation and to effectuate FCC policy; overorganization-one in which personal H.R. 1247, modifications of charitable initiative and pride of performance are deduction transition rules under the Tax PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT the marks of an individual. Rodeo cow­ Reform Act of 1969; Mrs. GREEN of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, boys remain independent, self-reliant, H.R. 1467, personal exemptions in the earlier this afternoon I was delayed in a and unique, in an age of regimentation case of American Samoans; meeting and did not vote on the foreign and "follow the leader." H.R. 2466, estate tax treatment of an- aid conference report. Had I been pres­ I am proud to salute Brenda Jowers as nuities in community property States; a most fitting representative of the fine H.R. 3233, rate of duty on olives; ent, I would have voted "nay.'' I would like the RECORD to SO shOW. qualities of professional cowboy rodeo, H.R. 3544, rates of tax on cigars; The SPEAKER. The gentlewoman's re­ in her new role as Miss Rodeo, U.S.A. H.R. 5372, production of wine for per­ marks will appear jn the REcoRD. sonal consumption by other than heads of families; OUR NATIONAL SUMMER RECREA­ H.R. 5527, refunds in the case of cer­ MISS RODEO, U.S.A. tain uses of tread rubber and tires; TION AND PARKS PROGRAM H.R. 5815, cancellation of .indebtedness (Mr. PASSMAN asked and was given (Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI asked and was of States for funds deposited with them permission to address the House for 1 given permission to address the House in 1837; minute, to revise and extend his remarks for 1 minute, to revise and extend his H.R. 6547, sales of bonds by banks; and include extraneous matter.) remarks and include extraneous matter.) H.R. 7025, maintenance of common Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, trust fund by affiliated banks; proud to pay tribute to a young lady who 2 weeks ago, I arranged for a special or­ H.R. 7175, duties on equipment and re­ has been selected nationally to reign as der of the House in order to praise the pairs for U.S. vessels in foreign countries; queen of the professional cowboy rodeo Bureau of Outdoor Recreation for their H.R. 8975, definition of commuter fare world, as its goodwill ambassadress. role in our national summer recreation revenue; As Miss Rodeo, U.S.A., Miss Brenda and parks program. I reiterate--the BOR H.R. 9463, importation of pre-Colum­ Jowers, a 21-year-old, blue-eyed bru­ has been an invaluable asset in provid­ bian sculpture, etc.; nette beauty from Monroe, La., will rep­ ing technical assistance on both the Fed­ H.R. 9900, excluding from gross income resent the International Rodeo Associ­ eral and local levels to summer recrea­ compensation of prisoners of war, etc.; ation of Pauls Valley, Okla., a sanction­ tion programs. Without the Bureau, the H.R. 10379, exemption from duty for ing boc.ly that brings the one, true, Amer­ vast majority of these programs would articles reimported into the United States ican sport-professional cowboy rodeo-­ not have survived the bureaucratic under certain circumstances; to thousands of people throughout the chaos that perennially seems to plague H.R. 10837, requirements for showing land. summer recreation. total cost on airline tickets; A graduate of West Monroe High In the past few days I have been re­ H.R. 11185, exempt status of veterans' School and presently a sophomore at viewing the program guide for the 1972 organizations; Northeast Louisiana University, Miss recreation support program published by H.R. 11186, exemption from duty for Jowers epitomizes the standards of the the Manpower Administration of the U.S. equipment and repairs to vessels oper­ International Rodeo Association and Department of Labor. The only encour­ ated for U.S. Government; and cowboy rodeo--unexcelled sportsman­ aging factor of this program guide is that H.R. 11196, definition of unrelated busi­ ship, high moral character, ethical it does not claim to be a policy statement ness income. standards, and concern for the careful by the Department of Labor. As I mentioned, the Noise Control Act treatment of all living things. Miss The recreation support program­ of 1972, H.R. 11021, will be taken up un­ Jowers reflects the many things that are RSP-was not intended to be a job ort­ der an open rule with 1 hour of debate. good about this country and her people­ ented program. It is only because of the On Wednesday and the balance of the the virtues that have made her great. Bureau that the recreation support pro­ week, the first order of business will be The daughter of Mr. and Mrs. H. Ray­ gram has managed to remain a reason­ eight funding resolutions from the Com­ mond Jowers, Brenda was sponsored by able facsimile of its intended purpose. It mittee on House Administration includ­ KNOE-TV in Monroe in the Miss Ark­ now appears that the Manpower Ad­ ing funds for the House Committee on La-Miss Stampede Pageant. ministration plans to have BOR reduced Internal Security. KNOE-TV has been instrumental in to a solely advisory role. This action will H.R. 11416, international air fares will developing community spirit and in mak­ have the effect of eliminating BOR as a be taken up subject to a rule being ing the Monroe rodeo one of the biggest technical adviser to city programers. granted. and finest entertainments in Louisiana, It will make BOR impotent in assisting, H.R. 11384, high speed ground trans­ or anywhere. on any level, the implementation of the portation will be taken up subject to a After winning the Monroe competi­ RSP. In short, it will all but elim1Illate rule being granted. tion, Miss Jowers competed at Tulsa at BOR from the RS program. Conference reports may be brought up the premiere rodeo event nationally, the Mr. Speaker, the recreation support at any time and any further program International Finals Rodeo of the Inter­ program is being treated unfairly by will be announced later. national Rodeo Association, and won her the Department of Labor. It is being title after consideration of 15 lovely remolded into a job oriented program ladies from all sections of the Nation, in under the guise of a recreation program. ADJOURNMENT OVER TO MONDAY, a contest judged on appearance, per­ FEBRUARY 28, 1972 I have c:Ohtihually urged a reevalu­ sonality, horsemanship, and the general ation and a re~rganization of our na- Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ qualifications of attractiveness, sincerity, tional recreation programs. We have, mous consent that when the House ad­ integrity, intelligence, maturity, and and rightly so, paid strenuous attention journs today that it adjourn to meet on high moral standards. to employing our youth during those Monday next. The Miss Rodeo, U.S.A. 1972 Pageant, potentially volatile summer months. The The SPEAKER. Is there objection to under Pageant Director Jackie Thomp­ Department of Labor's Neighborhood the reque~t of the g_entle~an ·from son, included a style snow, horseman­ Youth Corps has proved to be a highly LouiSiana? · · ship· events, and 'press intervieWS. . successful ·and most necessary program. There was no objection. Miss Jowers is to be c·ongratulated on I callllot commend the Depa:rtment of February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5507 Labor and the Manpower Administration will be impossible to ·recoup any more Federal mandate. This committee has enough for the excellent job they are than a small percentage of the $2.2 bil­ now advised that they cannot find con­ doing with NYC. But, recreation support lion already expended in R. & D. The stitutional authority common to all pub­ was not meant to be a part of NYC. builders of the aircraft are being further lic bodies which would authorize imple­ It is not a summer job program. It is a aided by loans of $500 million from the mentation of the Relocation Act by all recreation program-a program designed British and French Governments to cover public bodies in the State. to provide quality recreation facilities early production costs. Based on the recommendation of this and meaningful experiences to all of There are also indications that the committee and with the support of the this Nation's youth. The RSP cannot and Anglo-French National Airlines will be State administration an amendment to should not fulfill the designs described allowed to purchase the first production the Georgia constitution has been pro­ in the manpower program guide. By Concordes for somewhat less than the posed in order to assure all public bodies eliminating BOR from its already too $32.5 million figure. within this compliance. However, un­ restricted position in regards to recrea­ At this time 16 airlines have already fortunately, this resolution cannot be tion support, the Department of Labor taken options on 74 Concordes. At $32.5 considered by the people of the State un­ has implied that RSP will, if not this million each that is a total of over $2.4 til the general election which is to be summer, then by summer 1973, be non­ blllion. I cannot help but think how wel­ held in the fall of this year-well after existent as we now know it. We cannot come that expenditure would be to our the present compliance deadline. allow this to happen. own ailing aerospace industry. In view of this existing condition in The recreation support program must If the noise and some other remaining Georgia and, possibly other States as be allowed to continue to provide the problems are solved, then we may expect well, I am convinced that additional time programs that our Nation, particularly to see most international airlines even­ for compliance and for continuation of our cities, so desperately needs. The RSP tually entering SST service. The min­ Federal assistance in this area is re­ can and should work concurrently with imum investment will almost certainly quired. To make this necessity a reality the Neighborhood Youth Corps and be for three aircraft with spare parts I offer for consideration this legislation other summer job programs. It is both and service installations. Tbis represents to amend the present law, allowing for natural and logical that the Department at least $125 mlllion just to inaugurate this more realistic compliance date. of Labor should administer the job re­ service. lated summer youth programs. It is The Anglo-French producers are plan­ unnooural and illogical that recreation ning to have the first production aircraft CIVIL SERVICE REDUCTIONS- support, whose sole purpose should be to ready for delivery into commercial serv­ SAVINGS OR ADDED EXPENSES? fulfill national recreational needs, should ice by the end of 1975. By 1980 they ex­ (Mr. HENDERSON asked and was be administered as though it were a job pect to have sold at least 250 Concordes, given permission to address the House for program. The RSP is, and must remain, over $8 billion in sales. 1 minute, to revise and extend his re­ primarily a program that provides a There is no doubt that this volume of marks and include extraneous matter.) means to creatively use leisure time for business would do much to revive the Mr. HENDERSON. Mr. Speaker, an of­ diversion, self-expression, and cultural sagging U.S. aviation industry, but it is ficial in the Office of Management and enrichment. not to be. Eight blllion dollars will pay Budget, Mr. David P. Taylor, an assistant Mr. Speaker, I strongly urge the De­ the salaries of many jobs, but they director, has in·dicated to the Manpower partment of Labor and the Manpower will not be American jobs. Eight blllion and Civil Service Subcommittee that the Administration to reevaluate its 1972 dollars will mean years of knowledge and 5-percent personnel reduction, by the guidelines concerning the RSP and the experience, but it will not be American knowledge and experience. President last August, is not meant to role of the Bureau of Outdoor Recrea­ result in the contracting out of work by tion. It is imperative that this program Mr. Speaker, I would remind my col­ leagues, in conclusion, that the cost of the departments and agencies. This is function as it was intended to function­ the statement from the executive office as a recreation program. It is also im­ developing an American SST would have been great, but the cost of not develop­ of the President-and I quote: perative that the agency with the most ing one may be even greater. Can we Contracts wtth private firms or individuals expertise in the recreation field be al­ a1Iordit? will not be increased or used as a way to lowed to make use of its expertise. circumvent the required reductions in em­ ployment. EXTENDING UNIFORM RELOCATION Tbis is certainly a laudatory statement SALES PLAN FOR THE ANGLO­ ASSISTANCE AND REAL PROP­ on the part of the executive offices and I FRENCH CONCORDE-CAN AMER­ ERTY ACQUISITION POLICIES ACT applaud them for their stand. ICA AFFORD NOT TO DEVELOP OF 1970 However, I fear that top management THE SST? New York City, as execu­ which usually signal to personal tragedy of the House, the gentleman from West tive secretary, were elected members and huge medical bllls. Virginia (Mr. MOLLOHAN) is recognized from various parts of the United States Yet, we are now beginning to survey for 5 minutes. and Canada. the problem, to make Improvement, and Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Speaker,-my col- The Croatian Academy of America is February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5509 an association of Americans of Croatian Skolska Knjiga, the publishing house for last few decades have made them espe­ descent interested in and dedicated to Croatian school textbooks, have been re­ cially acute. moved, and textbooks in Croatian history Nearly nine out of every 10 older peo­ study of the history and culture of Croa­ and culture have actually been burned. tia and specifically to research on the Editors and writers of a number of mass ple presently receive Social Security contributions of Americans of Croatian circulation publications have been ousted by benefits. For many, this is the major or descent to our national culture. Recently the police in total disregard of legal proce­ only source of income. Of the people a member of the academy, Dr. George dures. Among these are the editor-in-chief over 65, one-tenth receive old age assist­ Prpich, professor of history at John Car­ of the principal Croatian mass-circulation ance and more than half receive supple­ roll University in Cleveland, has pub­ weekly, Vjesnik u Srijedu, and several of its mentation of inadequate social security lished a well-docwnented book on Croa­ editorial writers, along with many of the benefits. Despite increases in social se­ writers and editors of the principal Zagreb curity benefits-grudgingly approved by tian immigrants in the United States. daily, Vjesnik. The academy issues annually a schol­ Hundreds of other individuals, including the Nixon administration-the elderly arly publication, the Journal of Croatian writers, economists, educators, and journal­ find it increasingly difficult to make ends Studies, which has attained an interna­ ists, have been purged and/or arrested. This meet. It is surprising that they can live tional leadership among the academic purge constitutes, in all probability, the most on what little income they do receive. communities. systematic attack on the intellectual elite Eight out of every 10 dollars is allocated After an exhaustive analysis and dis­ of the Croatian people in history. to housing, food, transportation, and cussion of disturbing and ominous All of this has been done by brutal police methods and in total disregard of the legal medical care. These are items required events which continue to run their course obligations undertaken by Yugoslavia. as a for day-to-day survival. They are not unabated in Yugoslavia, and particularly signatory of the Charter of the United Na­ expenditures that can be postponed un­ throughout the Republic of Croatia, the tions, in violation of its Constitution which til the price is right. annual general assembly has unani­ guarantees national and civil rights, and in This Nation has experienced unprece­ mously adopted the following statement, blatant disrespect of the basic human free­ dented price increases: increases in the which I would like to share with my col­ doms of thought, opinion and expression, Conswner Price Index of 5.4 percent in leagues today: and peaceful assembly and association, as proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of 1969 and 6 percent in 1970 were the STATEMENT OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL ASSEM­ Human Rights. sharpest rises in decades. As of August BLY OF THE CROATIAN ACADEMY OF A..'\IIERICA, History, however, teaches that political 1971, the cost of living had registered ISSUED ON JANUARY 29, 1972, IN NEW YORK, questions cannot be permanently solved by increases for 55 consecutive months, the N.Y. oppression, terror, and suppression of basic longest unbroken string in the 58-year The Croatian Academy of America is human rights. On the contrary, such meth­ history of the Consumer Price Index. deeply distressed by the developments which ods lead to further confiict and are censured Even more important, many of the price have been taking place in Croatia in the last by world opinion. few months, and especially since December The Croatian people, like all other nations, increases have been especially steep for 1971. According to reports of foreign corre­ have an inalienable right to national self­ the items upon which the elderly are spondents and accounts in the government determination and statehood, recognized by most dependent. controlled press of Yugoslavia, it is possi'ble the present Yugoslav Constitution, but de­ The hard facts are these: not only are to esta:blish the following faCits: nied the Croatian people in actuality. Police our elderly poor, but they also live daily The drastic measures carried out by the terror and repression will only strengthen with chronic and debilitating illness. President of Yugoslavia, with the support of the resistance of the Croatian people and More than three-quarters of our aged the military a.n!d the police, were aimed at their firm resolve to achieve their legitimate suffer from at least one chronic disease; the destruction of the liberalizing forces in national sovereignty. • the government of the Socialist Republic of The Croatian Academy of America feels one-half suffer from two or more. The Croatia which were acting within the frame­ impelled to speak out on the tragic develop­ incidence of illness increases as income work of the Yugoslav constitution as it haS ments in Croatia. We do so not only as an decreases, and the recent trend of "med­ recently been amended to insure greater association of Americans of Croatian descent, ical starvation" continues to take its toll. freedom to individuals and to the Croatian but also as members of the academic com­ The average out-of-pocket health cost nation as a whole. Following these political munity who protest against the crass sup­ for the elderly was $248 in 1969. Costs c'ha.nges, the destruction of the cultural life pression of the cultural life, the national such as these cannot be borne by persons of the Croatian people has been ordered. self-determination, and the human rights Under the guise of a. struggle against Cro­ of the Croatian people. living in abject poverty. Medicare does atian "nationalism", "separatism", "cl'S.SS en­ We, therefore, call on the academic com­ not provide enough financial relief to pay emies", "rotten liberalism", and "counter­ munity and public to protest the persecution the cost of the medical needs of the el­ revolutionary forces", the full force of the to­ and arrest of hundreds of Croatian profes­ derly. In New York City, for example, al­ talitarian state has been unleashed once sors and students and demand their imme­ most all persons over 65 are enrolled again to crush the aspirations and the rights diate release. We also appeal to our American in one or both parts of medicare, and of the Republic of CrOOitia and its people by academic colleagues to help us in our de­ about 210,000 are covered by medicaid. repression reminiscent of the post-war Sta­ mand for the restoration of constitutional It might seem at first glance that older linist period in East Central Europe. liberties and individual and national rights The federal government in Belgr3ide and in Croatia. people have to pay very little of their the new government of the Socialist Repub­ medical expenses, but this is just not lic of Croatia are seeking to achieve these so. In 1969, with medicare in full force objectives by illegal and violent means, a INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATIVE and effect, older people were still pay­ fact which is clearly illustrated by the fol­ PACKAGE TO AID THE ELDERLY ing an average of 30 percent of their lowing instances: medical costs out of their own pockets. The government has accused the Croatian The SPEAKER. Under a previous or­ Many people simply cannot afford the University in Zagreb with its extensions in der of the House, the gentlewoman from costs of prescription drugs, eye and den­ Rijeka, Zada.r, and Split, and its students New York

- February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5517 programs should be designed so that resi­ Supplementary resources need to be al­ The National Council of Senior Citizens, dences and natural neighborhoods are re­ located for alternate care (care other than 1511 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005 newed, not bulldozed. Those involved, in­ in nursing homes or institutions). The National Councll of Senior Citizens, cluding the elderly poor, should participate There is need for a change in national publisher of this supplement, was organized i:l planning such developments. priorities so some of our resources are shifted in 1961 by Aime J. Forand, a retired COn­ The Spanish Speaking Elderly from defense, foreign assistance and explora­ gressman from Rhode Island and pioneer tion of space to the needs of our elderly citi­ advocate of what is now Medicare. Spanish speaking delegates called on local, zens, especially in the area of long-term care. THE NATIONAL COUNCIL State and Federal governments to provide Any national health insurance program special considerations for the senior citizens which is adopted should meet the needs of Led the fight for Medicare, strives for im­ of Hispanic ancestry. provement in that program and supports Every Cabinet-level department was called those who require catastrophic care, long­ term physical and mental heaLth care and National Health Security legislation for all upon to give priority to programs and related Americans; services to meet the needs of the Spanish social services both within and outside of institutions. Is spearheading the drive for stronger speaking senior citizens, taking into consid­ Social Security; eration cultural and family relationships of Special concerns session on older blacks Pushes vital programs like housing for the this ethnic group. Black delegates to the White House Con­ elderly, the Older Americans Act, and a The delegates called for all action to cover ference on Aging unanimously voted for a Senior Citizens Community Service Corps to both urban and rural areas. wide-ranging series of recommendations de­ provide jobs for the low income elderly; Migrant farmworkers have special prob­ signed to offset the special problems of older Fights discrimination against older peo­ lems and special needs which require special Black Americans which grow out of racism ple; and consideration in the comprehensive plans for and poverty. Is the link between older people and other senior citizens, the Spanish speaking dele­ Submitted as the beginning of a "national large national organizations. gates pointed out. policy for the black aged," the recommenda­ Today's elderly are the men and women The need for b111ngual and bicultural staffs tions ranged from a guaranteed annual in­ who lost jobs, homes and savings in the Great to administer programs and services was em­ come of $6,000 ($9,000 for couples) and lower Depression. They survived the Depression phasized. age and work requirements for Social Secu­ and helped bulld a period of unparalleled Delegates requested that public informa­ rity purposes to issues of health, nutrition, prosperity but, for millions of today's seniors, tion on programs, services and aid for citi­ housing, transportation, and employment. the Depression never ended. zens also be made available in the Spanish "God knows all poor people should have The National Councll of Senior Citizens language. the right to a decent income, but people who seeks legislation at the Federal, State and Legal Aid and the Urban Aged have been deprived and underpaid all local levels to assure them minimum com­ The Federal Government (through the Of­ through the decades have earned a right to fort and security during the retirement fice of Economic Opportunity or any suc­ an immediate remedy," said Dr. Benjamin years. cessor legal service agency providing funds Mays, President-Emeritus, Morehouse Col­ However, the National Council 1s more for legal services to the poor) should set aside lege, and President of the Atlanta Board of than a special interest group for the elderly. a minimum of $10 million immediately to be Education, who presided at the session. Our organization seeks a better life for all used for special legal services for the elderly. Speakers outlined the plight of the one Americans--old and young. It supports clean Future funding should be at least propor­ and a half million black aged in the country air and clean water legislation, the war on tionate to the percentage of needy elderly to during a four-hour morning session, which poverty, occupational safety and health the total poor. followed two other sessions held during the measures, consumer protection and other The Federal Government (through the Of­ Conference. The recommendations will be legislation foi' a greater America. fice of Economic Opportunity) or any succes­ included in the Conference report. National Council of Senior Citizens, Inc. sor legal service agency, should establish a Dr. Robert Hill, Associate Research Direc­ Officers special center dealing with legal rights of the tor for the National Urban League, in a pro­ elderly comparable to centers relating to file of the black aged noted that the group (Elected as of Convention, June 11, 1971): health, housing, consumer and migrant comprises eight per cent of the 20 million Presidents Emeriti: Hon. Alme J. Forand, problems. persons 65 years and over (61 per cent resid­ John W. Edelman, Mrs. Bessie Gottlieb. Elderly laymen should be trained as paid ing in the South) and has a median income President: Nelson H. Cruikshank. legal aides to operate programs in which of $3,222. The life expectancy for black men First Vice President, Matthew DeMore; these aides can act as advocates for the declined a full year (from 61.1 to 60.1) be­ Second Vice President, Walter Newburgher; elderly before administrative agencies. tween 1960 and 1968, while that for white Third Vice President, Emerson 0. Midyett; Legislation to establish a legal services men has remained about the same (67.5). Fourth Vice President, David Miller. agency to assume the responsibllities of the Dr. Hill quoted a survey conducted by the Secretary-Treasurer: Andrew W.·L. Brown. Office of Economic Opportunity relating to Department of Health, Education, and Wel­ Board Members at Large legal services should assure that the elderly fare which stated that two-thirds of the Walter A. Adams, Southington, Conn.; are represented on the agency's board of di­ black elderly are not benefiting from doctor Roger Andrews, Highland Park, Mich.; Mrs. rectors in approximate proportion to their bill coverage under Medicare because they Virginia Ferracho, New York, N.Y.; Henry I. percentage of the total poor. cannot afford the premiums. Gilman, Miami Beach, Fla.; Ed Carlson, New The elderly should be provided competent The black delegates called for massive im­ York, N.Y.; George Kourpias, Washington, attorneys at no charge in all proceedings re­ provements in the Social Security system, D.C.; Dr. Mary c. Mulvey, Providence, R.I.; lating to civ11 commitment, conservatorships, replacement of the present welfare system James C. O'Brien, Washington, D.C.; Mrs. and other proceedings brought to restrict with a more humane method of helping the Dora N. Schatz, Philadelphia, Pa.; Herman their freedom or other legal rights. poor, infirm and elderly, a greatly expanded Stassfurth, St. Petersburg, Fla.; Mrs. ESitelle The States should adopt legislation provid­ program of Federal support for housing for Wegert, Deltroit, Mich.; Israel Weinstein, New ing public guardians, conservators, and ad­ the elderly and expansion of Medicare health York, N.Y.; David McSweeney, Mattapan, ministrators without cost to the elderly who insurance benefits for those age 65 or over Mass.; Charles Alvarez, Bronx, N.Y.; John J. cannot afford from modest assets to pay for (to be financed by Federal general revenue). Pecoraro, Washington, D.C.; Frank Sa.nta­ these services. The delegates were urged by Congressman guida, Waterbury, Conn.; David Humphrey, Long-Term Care for Older People John Conyers (D., Mich.) to confront Con­ Detroit, Mich.; Walter Cassidy, Dearborn, Long-term institutional care aspects of gress as well as the White House with their Mich.; Mrs. Dorothy Ezelle, Louisville, Ky.; Medicaid (the Federal-State health program demands. Irvin H. Ryan, Youngstown, Ohio; James for the needy) should be completely Fed­ Seniors demand end of Vietnam war Brown, Detroit, Mich.; Rev. Kelmo C. Porter; Newark, N.J.; Mrs. Vera Sheridan, Queens, eralized. Funding should come from Federal WASHINGTON, D. C.-The war in Southeast general revenues. A uniform minimum level N.Y. Asia must stop, President Nixon was told by Regional Board Members of benefits should be established on a nation­ delegates to the 1971 White House Confer­ al level. ence on Aging here. Harry Dunham, New Bedford, Mass.; Irving Payment to institutional providers of long­ "Delegates from every part of our nation S. Bachman, New York, N.Y.; Vaughn Rudy, term care should be made on such a basis as call upon the President to end U.S. involve­ Buffalo, N. Y.; Jack Volosin, Linden, N. J.; to cover the cost of providing that care and, ment in the war in Southeast Asia," the anti­ Charles Chapotz, Turtle Creek, Pa.; Walter in the case of proprietary fac111ties, allow a war resolution declared, adding: Jones, Washington, D. C.; Arnold McFarland, fair return on investment. Chesterfield, Ind.; Max Serchuk, Mla,;mi The Department of Health, Education, and "We declare urgently and simply: "The Beach, Fla.; Albert Tate, Sr., VHle Platte, Welfare should change the primary emphasis War Must Stop!" La.; James oa.rbray, Whittier, Calif.; Robert in nursing home inspections (involving nurs­ The anti-war resolution was presented by Gavin, Milwaukee, Wis.: Ken Johnston, ing homes receiving Federal funds) from the White House Conference Section on Peoria, Til.; Adam Otfinowski, Detroit, Mich.; physical plant standards to direct patient Facilities, Programs and Services. Dr. Ellen David Sherwood, Grand Rapids, Mich.; Henry care. Winston, retired COmmissioner of the U.S. Rail, Bloomfield, N. J.; Robert Baron, Glass­ A national policy on long-term care needs Welfare Administration (now Assistance port, Pa.; Stanley E. Sprague, Bellevllle, Til.; must have mechanisms for being imple­ Payments Administration), presided over Harry Gallant, Rockvllle, Md.; Clement D. mented and financed. this Conference section. Dowler, Greensboro, N.C.; Robert Sharp, No. 5518 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 24, 1972

Miami Beach, Fla.; John Allard, Bell, Galif.; Already passed by both houses is a 10 per "SUN CITY" AND LUXURIES P. H. LaRiviere, Longview, Wash.; Mrs. Agnes cent increase in Social Security payments­ There are complete towns like "Sun City" · Czaohor, Chicago, lli.; Joseph J. Keenan, the second round of increases in 16 months. near Phoenix, Ariz., as well as condominium­ Cleveland, Ohio; Rev. Edward Peet, San Other bills propose improvements in health type apartment houses for older people lo­ Francisco, calif. insurance, employment, opportunities for the cated in downtowns or busy suburbs. Staff aged, low-income housing and nursing There are those that offer luxury-and find Wlliia.m R. Hutton, Executive Director and homes. plenty of customers. Director of Information; Rudolph T. Dan­ Also on the agenda is a White House con­ One example is the "Leisure World" estab­ stedt, Assistant to the President; Lawrence ference on aging, to be held in November, lishment at Laguna Hills south of Los A. Oxley, Director of Special Projects; Laurine bringing together top authorities in this field Angeles, where 14,000 persons aged 52 and A. Pember.ton, Administrative Assistant; Jim to aid their ideas on easing the problems over pay anywhere from $20,000 to $50,000 Kim, Comptroller; Ed. W. Murphy, Informa­ of the aged. plus maintenance charges for apartments. tion Assistant; James P. Gibbons, Insurance What is giving the older people in America At their disposal are tennis courts, bowling Administrator. much of their political clout is the fact that greens, an 18-hole golf course, a swimming as many as 70 per cent of them will turn Senior Citizens News pool, scores of "hobby" clubs, a restaurant, out on Election Day to vote. classrooms, libraries, medical clinic, closed­ Published monthly as the offici&! newspaper GROWING IN NUMBERS circuit television and free bus transportation of the National Council of Senior Citizens, Older Americans are gaining strength in to Los Angeles. Six-foot walls and guards who 1511 K Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20005. patrol grounds and buildings around the Subscription rates: $2.50 per year for 12 is­ sheer numbers, too. Today there are 20 million Americans aged clock provide physical security-a major pre­ sues for members of affiliated clubs; $3 for occupation of the elderly. other individual subscriptions. 65 or more-and an additional 8.6 million aged 60 to 64. The 1970s are expected to bring About one third of Laguna Hills' inhabit­ Editor: William R. Hutton. a 20 per cent increase in these groups, at a ants work part time or full time. A few be­ Second class postage paid at Washington, time when declining birth rates hold U.S. come disencha.ruted with living among their D.C. growth as a whole to less than 15 per cent. own kind exclusively, and move out. But most Because life spans are lengthening, Ameri­ stay on, if only to use "Leisure World" as [From U.S. News & World Report, a home base for travels in the U.S. and May 24, 1971] cans aged 75 or more are increasing at a faster rate than those aged 65 to 74, a situa­ abroad. "SENIOR POWER"-A GROWING FORCE IN tion that points to increases in medical prob­ THE AGED POOR POLITICS lems of the aged. For about one quarter of all Americans RISING AMONG AMERICA'S OLDER PEOPLE Is A St111, an estimated 81 per cent of the U.S. over 65, classified as living in poverty, MOOD OF REBELLION. MANY ARE TRAPPED IN elderly get around without help. Another 8 "Leisure World" might as well be located POVERTY. OTHERS WORRY ABOUT INFLATION. per cent manage with mechanical aids, and in another galaxy. NOW THE ELDERLY ARE BEGINNING To RAISE 6 per cent get by with the assistance of an­ Such Americans, drawing a cash income of THEIR VOICES AT THE POLLS other person. Only 5 per cent are housebound less than $2,194 a year for a couple, fight a Now it is "senior power" that is surfacing because of physical ailments. dally battle against increasing costs of food, across the U.S. as 20 million older Americans MANY IMPROVEMENTS clothing, medical care, ut111ties, rentals and­ seek a better place for themselves in the na­ if they own a home-property taxes. tion's life. In other ways, too, the situation of older Medicare benefits are partially offset by ris­ Nearly all of these Americans are getting Americans shows marked improvement over ing medical costs-including a near-doubling Social Security benefits and medicare from what it was 30 to 40 years ago. of premiums for supplmentary medical insur­ the Government. About two thirds of elderly householders ance paid by the recipients in recent years. More than half own their homes debt-free. own their homes, and 80 per cent of these Liberalizing of Social Security benefits and Increasing numbers are covered by pension senior citizens have paid off their mortgages. eligiJbillty is expected to reduce for a time the plans developed in government, business and While median family income for older peo­ number of older Americans living in or near industry. ple was estimated at $5,500 a year in 1970- poverty. Yet for many, the fruits of old age are compared with $10,500 for younger families­ Social Security for most of America's eld­ turning bitter. these figures do not tell the entire story. erly, however, is becoming not just the base Almost 5 Inillion aged are officially de­ A recent study by Dr. Hale N. Tangren, of retirement income but the bulk of it. scribed as living in poverty. Millions of oth­ chairman-designate of the department of Despite the growth of pension systems, 93 ers fear the same fate, as the inflationary business administration at George Mason per cent of single persons over 65 and 81 per squeeze tightens on fixed incomes. College in Fairfax, Va., asserted this: cent of elderly couples are not covered by . ECONOMIC CASTOFFS An aged family with a cash income of such plans. A Government study in 1968 $5,500 would actually be doing as well as a Beyond that, many-perhaps most-of showed that 41 per cent of older couples and younger couple earning $7,200 a year, or even 58 per cent of elderly "singles" had no estab­ America's elderly are beginning to see them­ more-assuming that its sources of income selves as social and economic castoffs from lished income of $300 a year or more, other approximate the pattern found in a Govern­ than Social Security. the community at large. ment analysis of income in 1963. Today, possibly more than at any time Result: Even with the latest raises in ben­ since the Townsend movement of the 1930s, Reasons: Older people benefit from U.S. in­ efits, half or more of older Americans will be come tax allowances, the elimination of the subsisting entirely--or nearly so-on Social older Americans are beginning to organize Social Security tax, ownership of a home in and act on their own behalf. Security payments averaging out to $1,560 a many cases, end a differential in medical year for individuals and $2,340 a year for In New York, Governor Nelson A. Rockefel­ costs as a result of medicare. ler is getting a sample of senior militancy couples. following his decision to cut social programs, FLOW OF "NEW PRODUCTS"? Income from part-time work is limited by some of them affecting old persons. Dr. Tangren concluded: Social Security rules under which 50 per cent At a May 7 conference on aging, elderly of earnings above $1,680 a year and 100 per "The recognition that aged persons may cent above $2,880 are deducted from benefits. hecklers interrupted his speech several times. have more discretionary cash than would be One aged man tried to engage him in debate. expected from their incomes may prompt RETIRING TOO EARLY? Protesters waved placards warning the Gov­ market researchers to develop new product.s As economists see it, many elderly per­ ernor: "You can't ignore our vote." suitable to older persons. As birth rates de­ sons-and many not so elde:rly-are being Senior citizens flocked to the polls in Cal­ cline, the over-65 age group wlll become an swept into retirement before they are ready iiornia last year to help oust from office one even larger segment of the population than for it. of their own-68-year-old Senator George it is today, and the market does not ignore About 50 per cent of all men claiming So· Murphy-who had voted against medicare a potentially profitable group for very long." cial Security in recent years accepted a re­ and increases in Social Security benefits. Militant spokesmen for the elderly might duced benefit at the age of 62. About lin 5 of In Florida elections, they played an impor­ question the dollar value assigned by Dr. these had not worked for the prior 12 months. tant part in the defeat of the president of Tongren to these fringe benefits. Result, for Ina.ny older Americans, is that that State's upper house, a man they deemed Even so, a 1968 survey of savings and loan the gilt on the "golden years" is wearing thin. hostile to legislation for the elderly. companies in California--where assets of the In Recently a 76-year-old woman in Swarth­ dozens of States they have pushed suc­ elderly admittedly are believed to be higher more, Pa., told a U.S. Senate special commit­ cessfully in the last two or three years for than in most States-showed that 52.8 per tee on aging: such programs as hot lunches for shut-ins, cent of savings accounts came from persons "I am one of those elderly people, living low-cost housing for the elderly poor, and aged 60 and more. tax allowances. In 26 cities, they have put alone, who has become poor since becoming Some growth in amuence among the aged old. Unable to work any longer, I am trying across reductions in bus fares for the aged. also is reflected in rather expensive "re­ to get along on my Social Security of $64 per PLANS TO HELP tirement communities'' springing up across month income, besides drawing a few dollars Congress this year is considering more than the U.S.-not only in California and Florida from a fast-dwindling nest egg in the bank 190 major proposals for helping older Amer­ but in Oregon, New York, Maryland and else­ and an occassional fee from private French Icans. where. teaching and some baby-sitting."

-- - February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5519 Simllarly, a 76-year-old man in Alhambra., MASSACHUSETTS' EXPERIENCE place for themselves in the day-to-day life Calif., said: Nowhere are older Americans exerting of the nation. "I retired 10 years ago with my home paid pressure more busUy than in Massachusetts. for, and no debts. There a former Congress of Industrial Or­ SoME SURPRISING FACTS ABOUT AMERICA'S "After 10 years my property taxes have ganizations leader, Frank Manning, heads up ELDERLY CITIZENS doubled. Every service and general living a Statewide Massachusetts Legislative Ooun­ costs have skyrocketed and medical, doctor cll for Older Americans that pushes aid for In today's "youth culture,.. 1 American in and hospital costs are as near to robbery as a the elderly. every 10 is 65 years or age or older, and the cost can get-$600 for removing a cataract In 1968 it was able to activate a dormant proportion is growing steadily. from one eye, almost $400 for the hospital." housing plan for older persons of low and Older Americans carry considerable politi­ As younger Americans moved from the moderate income. Result, to date, is the cal heft. Those 65 or older comprise nearly 1 city to the suburbs in the last 25 years, the building of 14,000 units-"just a start," said of every 7 people of voting age and, since they elderly poor have stayed behind, for the most Mr. Manning. go to the polls in heavier proportion than part. Many cling stubbornly to their homes, In 1969, the Massachusetts legislature the rest of the electorate, they are an even often located in deteriorating neighborhoods. maide senior citizens eligible for half fares larger share of votes actually cast. Others move into low-cost hotels and room­ on public transit in the Boston area-24 Nearly 1 out of 5 is still working or look­ ing houses---the "retirement community" of hours a day, not just in nonrush hours as in ing for a job. the poor. other cities. Their buying power-now 60 bUlion dollars Such older persons, even more than the More recently, the Council persuaded legis­ a year-makes older Americans a big and affluent elderly, feel increasingly their isola­ lators to broaden the State's hot-lunch pro­ growing market for clothing, health aids, re­ tion from the mainstream of American life. gram for poor or shut-in elderly. At pres­ tirement homes, travel, recreation and a host of other goods and services. LIKE ''SOLITARY CONFINEMENT'' ent a drive is under way to get State help in solving the transportation problems of older Nearly a third of those over 65 live in just Said John B. Martin, U.S. Commissioner on persons living in isolated areas. four States--california, New York, Pennsyl­ Aging: The growing "senior power" of older Amer­ vania and nunois. Many States have an un­ "About &mlllion older Americans are living icans brought the CouncU at least 70 re­ usually high proportion of older persons, in a type of solitary confinement. No one quests for endorsement in last year's elec­ including Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, Arkansas, cares about them. Although many are physi­ tion. Endorsements finally were given to six. South Dakota and Missouri. cally and mentally able to participate effec­ All won. Mr. Manning added this cautionary Among these older people, women are far tively in community affairs, they live in note: more numerous than men-7 women for ev­ rooms like prisoners, rarely venturing out... "It's a good record, but this is something ery 5 men. Most of the women are widows, Fear of muggings keeps many old people we have to use carefully-not as a scourge most of the men are stm married. off the streets, especia.lly in big cities. A New against any politician who may disagree with York City study indicated that of 137 elderly us from time to time." persons interviewed, each had been assaulted SoCIAL SECURITY COULD RISE 20 PERCENT at least once. A WARNING WITHOUT TAX BoosT, ExPERTS SAY Also contributing to isolation of the elderly Also heard is the warning that older WASHIGTON, D.C.--Qongress could raise So­ is the scarcity and rising cost of public trans­ Americans should not "ghettoize" them­ cial Security benefits 20 per cent immediately port for those unable to drive. selves further by concentrating on issues without raising the SocieJ. Security tax or al­ TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS that affect older people only: Said Walter locating Federal genera.l revenues to pa.y for Newburgher, president of the Congress of the added benefits, Nelson H. Cruikshank, In outlying areas, this problem becomes Senior Citizens of Greater New York: National Council President asserts. acute. One study for the National CouncU "We're fighting for universal national In a statement submitted to the Senate on Aging found that one third of the elderly health care-not just for the old but for Finance Committee which is considering poor and one fifth of the near poor had everybody. We want to show the young peo­ House-passed H.R. 1, the Soclal Security and transportation problems. At a hearing con­ ple we're with them, not on the fringes of welfare bUl, Cruikshank said a 20 per cent So­ ducted by the West Virginia Commission on society. Our people don't want to be shoved cial Security increase would be possible on Aging, an aged man from a rural area re­ aside and isolated." present Social Security income if Congress ported this: Nationally, problems of the elderly are be­ accepts a change in the actuarial assumption Since neither bus or taxi was avaUable, coming an important political issue. relating to the Social Security trust fund pro­ he paid a neighbor $9.50 to drive him to town Such organizations as the National Coun­ posed by experts in the Social Security field. for an early morning appointment with his cil of Senior Citizens and the American As­ This cha.nge in the actuarial assumption doctor. But the doctor didn't see him untU sociation of Retired Persons are pushing for that shapes Social Security :flna.ncial policy early afternoon, so he had to give the driver bigger Social Security payments and a wider is urged by the latest Advisory Council on $1 for lunch. The doctor's examination, plus variety of aids to older persons. Some Con­ Soci:aJ. Security in a report published last laboratory test and two pharmaceutical pre­ gressmen are suggesting a minimum income year, Cruikshank noted. scriptions brought his total outlay to $31.03- of $1,800 for all individuals of 65 and over, Dr. ArthurS. Flemming, newly named Spe­ one third of his monthly Social Security and $2,400 for a married couple. Others would cial Consultant to the President on problems check. This man said it would be a long time like a formula adjusting benefits periodi­ of aging and Chairman of the 1971 White before he would feel able to make another cally to rises in cost of living, and a liberal­ House Conference on Aging, headed the So­ such trip-although the physician had told izing of present rules which, in effect, dis­ cial Security Advisory Council that made this him to return in two weeks. courage Social Security recipients from earn­ recommendation, the National Council lead­ Among such older persons, nutrition be­ ing more than $1,680 a year. er said. comes an increasing cause of poor health. As many authorities see it, what is needed The idea behind changing the actuarial as­ Many are anxious to keep food bllis to a now is more emphasis on keeping elderly sumption pertaining to the Social Security minimum. Other causes of improper diets are people active and independent rather than trust fund is that wages and salarles subject lack of mobUlty, emotional stress and loneli­ becoming early candidates for nursing to the Social Security payroll tax wll1 rise in ness. homes. the years ahead, as they have in the past, re­ In an Iowa survey of 695 persons aged 65 NEEDED TAX BREAKS flecting increases in the nation's industrial years and over, only 1 person in 20 was Suggested is legislation providing elderly productivity and capacity to create wealth, choosing a nutritionally desirable diet. In Cruikshank explained. America's big cities social workers have found homeowners with bigger exemptions in prop­ instances of elderly poor vlrrtually starving erty taxes and other aids to an independent REASONING EXPLAINED to death rather than accepting welfare. life in their own homes. Also being promoted However, Social Security financial policy It is against this background of want, in­ are "home worker" programs providing el­ up to now has been based on the assumption security and isolation that "senior power" derly persons in need with dally visits and that wages and salaries subject to the So­ is becoming a batle cry of elderly mUltants. hot meals, as well as periodic help in house­ cial Security tax would remain level in the Aged homeowners are in the forefront of re­ cleaning and transportation. years ahead, Cruikshank said. bel11on against property-tax increases that Observed Dr. James E. Birren, director of Should Congress accept the actuarial as­ in some places have raised levies to $1,500 a the Institute of Gerontology at the Univer­ sumption recommended by the Social Secur­ year or more on relatively modest homes. sity of Southern california: ity Advisory CouncU, it would not be neces­ Governor Ronald Reagan's push for a re­ "Older people need a variety of small aids sary to plle up huge surpluses to keep the duction in welfare and medical-insurance to keep them going. But this requires some­ Social Security system in balance, and ben­ payments in California brought picketing body to put it all together. The cost of not efits could be increased substantially-ap­ from elderly demonstrators, and a protest doing something like this will become great­ proximately 20 per cent-without raising the rally of 1,300 persons. er as more and more older people enter in­ Social Se~urity tax rate, he explained. In Florida, which has 1.1 mlllion retirees, stitutions of one kind or another." Cruikshank cited the Social Security Ad­ "senior citizen" organizations are joining Few authorities would care to predict what visory Council's findings in a discussion of forces on behalf of legislation to Uberalize solutions to the problems of the elderly will the 25 per cent Social Security increase rec­ the state's Homestead Exemption Law which emerge in times ahead. ommended by delegates to the 1971 White forgives local and county property taxes on There is wide agreement, however, that House Conference on Aging and urged by the the first $5,000 of assessed value of home "senior power" is on the move in a drive to National Council of Senior Citizens. property purchased by newcomers. recapture for older Americans a worthwhUe However, Congress decided to meet the cost 5520 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 24, 1972 o! increased Social Security benefits-whe­ have waited more than six months for ac­ all Americans without regard to income or ther by adopting the new rising ea.rnings ac­ t ion on Social Securt.ty legislation-H.R. 1 social status. tuarial assumption or by some other method was approved by the House of Representa­ Noting than the White House Conference ot financing-a substantial Social Security tives last July-while Congress was voting delegates were forbidden under the Confer­ increase is imperative 1! the desperate poverty a whopping $8 blllion in tax cuts for busi­ ence rules to endorse specific legislation (be­ of millions of older Americans is to be alle­ ness and corporations." cause the legislation might be changed before viated, the N'ational Council leader told law­ ELDERLY FORGOTTEN IN CRISIS the Conference report could be published), makers. He asked: "Must the aged be pushed aside Cruikshank saJd they nevertheless came out He pointed out: "Nearly 5,000,000 men and whenever there is an economic crisis? Be­ strongly tn favor of the principles of the women age 65 or over are impoverished and cause they do not riot or threaten violence, Kennedy National Hea.Ith Security btll (S-3 millions more--2,000,000 more at the least­ wU1 they continue to be forgotten and aban­ in the Senate) in their recommendation of are very, very close to the poverty line." doned? the kind of national health program they ELDERLY TRY TO HIDE POVERTY "Speaking for 3,000,000 members or the consider necessary to adequately meet the nation's health needs. Cruikshank continued: "We all know some National Council of Senior Citizens, I re­ elderly individuals who are, perhaps, finan­ spectfully call upon the Administration and (S-3 is jointly sponsored by Senator Ed­ Congress to face up to the misery and suffer­ ward M. Kennedy (D., Mass.) a.nd 25 other cially well off but rarely do we see the hard­ Senators.) ship and suffering of the millions of the ing of millions of older Americans and do elderly who are the poorest of the U.S. poor. something about it." Cruikshank said the White House Confer­ The elderly do not parade their poverty. As Cruikshank said this calls for a reordering ence delegates urged that this legislation be a. matter of pride, they do their best to hide of national priorities as requested by the financed through a. tax on workers and em­ it." White House Conference on Aging. ployers and with Federal general revenue Americans age 65 or over represent 25 per Social Security financing should come contributions. cent of the U.S. poor although they com­ largely from Federal general revenues MEDICARE IMPROVEMENTS SOUGHT prise no more than 10 per cent of the U.S. whether or not Congress decides to change Pending enactment and implementation of population, he noted. the actuarial assumption relating to the So­ a. National Health Security program, Cruik­ Cruikshank also said: "We all feel the im­ cial Security trust fund, he declared. shank said the White House Conference dele­ pact of the steady rise in consumer prices­ "There are compelling reasons tor this," he gates asked for improvement of the Medicare and there is little indication this rise wm stated, noting that full-rate benefits were health insurance program for those age 65 be slowed substantially with the present paid all covered workers in the early da.ys or over to include, at a. minimum, Medicare inadequate control machinery-but the el­ of the Social Security program as 1f they had coverage of out-of-hospital drugs (now ex­ derly, living on fixed incomes, are hit harder contributed to the program all their working cluded), Medicare coverage for care of the than any other group by the continuous years. eyes, ears, teeth and feet including eye­ shrinkage of their purchasing power that Today's workers are paying for this and it glasses, hea.rtng aids and dentures (also ex­ has gone on month after month, year after involves an estimated one-third of the cost cluded under Medicare) and improvement in year withont letup." of the entire Social Security program, he said. home health care (provided for under Medi­ There ifl an ever-widening gap between GENERAL REVENUE FINANCING ESSENTIAL care) as an alternative to institutional care what the elderly receive in retirement and of the elderly. what they were able to earn on the job, "As a. matter of equity, Federal general revenue should be used to lift this burden off Especially significant, Cruikshank said, Cruikshank declared. The average Social Se­ was the recommendation by White House curity benefit of a couple retiring in 1950 met the backs of the workers," Cruikshank said, adding: "Social Security is a. great national Conference delegates for removal of all out­ half the U.S. Labor Department's minimum of-pocket payments now imposed on Medi­ budget (for an elderly couple) then but resource, benefiting the nation as a whole as well as the individual Social Security recipi­ care beneficia.rtes. subsequently dropped to a third of the La­ Cruikshank made an evaluation of the bor Department's minimum budget, he said, ent. It is proper and reasonable that the na­ tion as a whole share in the cost of the pro­ Medicare program 1n his statement to the quoting from findings by a task force of Senate Finance Committee. experts in a report to the Senate Special Com­ gram through allocation of substantial gen­ eral revenue to support it." He said it has succeeded brilliantly in these mittee on Aging. major areas: More and more low income elderly are The Nationa.I Council o'f Senior Citizens favors the idea. of automatically adjusting Most of America's 20 million older persons being overwhelmed by the steadily rising have been relieved of a major part of the tide of infiation, he declared. Social Security benefits to increases in living costs only if there is an adequate level of crushing cost of medical care and the !ear ADEQUATE BENEFIT LEVEL ESSENTIAL Social Security benefits to start with, Cruik­ of financial catastrophe resulting from an In addition, property taxes have risen so shank declared. acute tllness. rapidly in recent years that for large num­ , Cruikshank said the H.R. 1 provision for Complexities that could have thwarted the bers of elderly the home that was intended keeping Social Security benefits in line with Medicare program have been overcome even to be a haven of security in later years has cost-of-living increases is much better than though it may seem that to Medicare bene­ become an economic liabtllty, Cruikshank an earlier Administration proposal in this ficiaries that the program's procedures are asserted. area. because the new provision would op­ unnecessarily complicated. He said Social Security is the main sup­ erate only when Congress falls to act on He said Medicare has not lived up to ex· port of older people--their chief bulwark needed Social Security increases. pecta.tions in these respects: against poverty in later years-but it offers Whtle opposed to basing automatic Social Fallure to prevent the dangerously steep very inadequate protection for mtllions of Security increases on today's inadequate ben­ tncrea.se in the cost of medical services. beneficiaries. efit levels, Cruikshank said the National Failure to hasten changes in the health Cruikshank called the five per cent Social Councll supports other Social Security pro­ delivery system essential to improve qua.Uty Security increase proposed under H.R. 1 visions of H.R. 1 calling for: of health care. "patchwork legislation with the patch not An increase in widows' benefits (now 80 Failure to meet the need !or long term covering the gap it should cover." per cent of the primary benefit) to 100 per care of chronically ill. The National Council of Senior Citizens cent of the primary Social Security benefit. Cruikshank urged the Senate to extend the sees the provision of H.R. 1 !or an automatic Liberalized computation or Social Security Medicare program to those Social Security cost-of-living adjustment !or future Social benefits for men who retire at age 62. beneficiaries under 65 who are disabled. Security benefits "as a trap to keep low in­ Dropping out one additional year of low In the interest of better health services, come beneficiaries impoverished" if it is not earnings for each 15 years of work covered Cruikshank said the National Council of applied to an adequate benefit level, Cruik­ under Social Security for the purpose of Senior Citizens supports a. provision of H.R. shank told the Committee. computing retirement benefits. 1 that seeks to encourage development of "Just as many beneficiaries will remain An increase in the amount a Social Secu­ health maintenance organizations (including just as poor as they now are and their finan­ rity recipient under age 72 may earn without prepayment group health plans). However, cial condition may get worse--indeed, it is reduction of benefits from the present $1,680 he said, there should be general agreement likely to-as advanced age and deteriorat­ to $2,000 a year with provision for a reduc­ in Congress on what constitutes a health ing health deplete whatever resources they tion of $1 in benefits 'for each $2 in earnings maintenance organization. have in addition to Social Security benefits," above $2,000. RETROACTIVE DENIAL OF BENEFITS SCORED he said. Reduction from 20 to 10 years in the pe­ The National Council seeks, he emphasized, Cruikshank said the National Council also riod a divorced wife must have been married supports a provision of H.R. 1 that would an immediate Social Security increase of 25 to her former husband to be eligible for a per cent as a step toward an income level wife's or widow's Social Security benefit. authorize the Secretary of Health, Educa­ equal to the U.S. Labor Department's inter­ tion, and Welfare to establish periods !or mediate budget for a retired couple amount­ HEALTH SECURITY PLAN NEEDED which a patient would be presumed to be ing to $4,500 a year (as of Spring, 1970) as In the area. of health care, Cruiksha.nk told eligible for benefits in an extended care recommended by delegates to the White the lawmakers the National Council of Sen­ facUlty (nursing home) or for home health House Conference on Aging. lor Citizens strongly supports the recommen- services. (The Labor Department has not updated dation of delegates to the White House Con­ This would, he said, eliminate retroca.tive the retired couple's budget since 1970.) ference on Aging that there be a. Federal denials of benefits that have "placed such "Already," Cruikshank said, "the elderly system of comprehensive health services for a. heavy burden on older people and given

- February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5521 rise to more complaints about the Medicare there are undoubtedly many among those care Part A (hospital insurance) and Medi­ program than any other feature." able-bodied on welfare who are ready and care Part B (doctor insurance) . Cruikshank called the absence of a na­ willing to work if they can find jobs. Cruikshank warned: "It is not possible to tional program of coordinated, continuous "Getting able-bodied welfare recipients transfer money to the Medicare Part B trust medical and social services for the aged and onto jobs and off the welfare rolls requires fund from the other Social Security trust chronically 111 "a grave national problem for intelligent planning and concern for these funds without jeopardizing the programs which a solution must be found." job seekers-it cannot be done with mirrors," financed under these trust funds or foregoing "Our long term care system is in such a Cruikshank concluded. much needed increases in Social Security and mess that it is a national scandal," he Medicare benefits." That is why, Cruikshank said, "the Na­ declared, adding: "Congress should move NIXON PART B PROPOSAL quickly to correct long term care abuses and tional Council of Senior Citizens considers stop the commercial exploitation of the WASHINGTON, D.C.-President Nixon is Mr. Nixon's proposal to eliminate Medicare chronically ill." playing games with the nation's elderly when Part B premium fiscal legerdemain." Cruikshank condemned as "far too low to he talks about ellminating the burdensome support a decent level of living in most com­ Medicare Part B (doctor insurance) premium as he did in his State of the Union message, (From the Christian Science Monitor, Nov. munities of the nation" the $2,400 annual 16, 1971} income proposed for a family of four under National Councll President Nelson H. Cruik· the welfare provision of H.R. 1. shank has warned the Senate Finance THE SEARCH FOR A HOME The National Councll of Senior Citizens Committee. (By Robert P. Hey) sees the need for an immediate guarantee of "There appears to be a strange mixture of PROVIDENCE, R.I.-Judith Pearson is one of a least $3,000 a year for a famlly of four as rhetoric and fiscal legerdemain in the Ad­ more than 6 Inillion elderly Americans who sought under an amendment to H.R. 1 drawn ministration proposals in this area," Cruik­ need a better home. But she isn't sure she by Senator Abraham Ribicoff (D., Conn.) who shank said in a statement prepared for the even can afford the one she's got. is a member of the Senate Finance Com­ Committee hearing on the House-passed Miss Pearson (not her real name) lives in mittee, Cruikshank said. Social Security and welfare blll, H.R. 1. a basement apartment in a dilapidated frame The Ribicoff amendment provides that the Cruikshank recalled that a year ago Mr. house in downtown Providence. Most of the initial payment level ($3,000) be increased Nixon suggested a drastic cut in Medicare old clapboard houses nearby are sixnilarly each year so that, by 1976, no welfare reci­ Part A (hospital insurance automatically run down. To her friends it's a slum. pient-whether a family with chlldren, a covering all Americans age 65 or over) from It's been home for Miss Pearson for a dec­ single person or a chllpless couple-would the present 60-day coverage of hospital ex­ ade. But her landlord recently raised the receive less than the poverty level adjusted pense (subject to an initial out-of-pocket rent from $45 a month to $65. "I guess I'll annually for raises in living costs, Cruikshank payment of $68) down to 12 days. have to move," she says resignedly. "I don't explained. This proposed cutback was coupled with k now how I can afford $65. an Administration proposal to ellmlnate the FEDERAL MINIMUM WAGE URGED "But my friends say $65 really is pretty preinium charge for optional Medicare Part cheap-that I can't do any better. Is that However, even a basic benefit of $3,000 B (doctor insurance) now amounting to true?" would be less than is now paid in some States, $5.60 a month and scheduled to go to $5.80 Yes it is, Miss Pearson; $65 is pretty cheap. he noted, adding: "The National Council a month next July 1. Housing is the elderly's No. 1 expense, as urges that States receiving Federal match­ "Fortunately,'' Cruikshank said, "law­ many will tell you. Most speak of paying ing grants be required to make supplemental makers saw this as trading a horse for a rents a good deal higher. The Bureau of payments to insure continuance of welfare rabbit" and there has been no action on the Labor Statistics figures household expenses payment levels (including food stamp bene­ President's proposal. -rent, u t ilities-take 34 percent of their fits) presently in effect. Mr. Nixon made no further public refer­ budget. They take less of Miss Pearson's Cruikshank said the National Council also ence to eliminating the Medicare Part B monthly income, but she wonders how she'll insists no welfare recipient be obliged to premium until his address last December 2 make it with $65 rent. take a job paying less than the Federal mini­ before the delegates to the White House mum wage and that no welfare mother with Conference on Aging and at no time has the SCRIMPING ON "trNIMPORTANT" THINGS small children be obliged to work unless Administration proposed legislation to effect Miss Pearson's no spendthrift. For most there are easlly accessible chlld care centers this change, Cruikshank pointed out. of her nearly 90 years she has saved money for her chlldren whlle she is on the job. The President again raised the subject of on "unimportant" things--rent, food, cloth­ The National Councll supports, Cruikshank ellmlnating the Medicare Part B premium ing-to have a little for the important stated, a provision of the Ribicoff amend­ in his State of the Union message but again things-travel, the broadening of her hori­ ment to H.R. 1 that would increase author­ he failed to indicate how he planned to ac­ zons. ization for child care programs for working complish this and no Administration bill to But not even she can figure out how to mothers to $1% blllion in grants, half a btl­ accomplish it has been offered in Congress, afford an apartment most Americans would lion in loans, plus $100 mlllion for construc­ Cruikshank stated. consider decen t. It's a problem many of the tion of such centers and $25 million for Moreover, Cruikshank said, Mr. Nixon 20 million elderly share. Mlllions of them training center attendants. made no provision in the health section of live in substandard apartments or homes. Under no circumstances should a welfare his budget message to Congress for the pro­ Across the country there simply aren't mother with children under three years of posed elimination of the Medicare Part B enough decent places for them to live, at age be obliged to go outside the home to premium. prices they can afford. work, Cruikshank stated. WANTS TO STOP GOVERNMENT CONTRIBUTION Even worse, perhaps, nobody is certain just He also asked that H.R. 1 provide job pro­ how severe the problem really is. Few statis­ tection for State and local workers who cur­ The National Council of Senior Citizens tics are available on the elderly's housing rently administer welfare programs against has learned that Mr. Nixon has proposed not needs; most that do exist stem from informa­ loss of job rights when the Federal Govern­ only that the Medicare Part B premium be tion gathered by the 1960 census. No new ment assumes full charge of public assist­ ellmlnated but that the contribution from statistics are expected in the near future. ance. Federal general revenues which marches the Because of understandable concern for pri­ The National Councll of Senior Citizens Part B premium payment would also be vacy, the questions that yielded this in­ supports provisions of H.R. 1 that would, ellminated, Cruikshank disclosed. formation in 1960 were omitted from the over a two-year period, provide an annual in­ The National Council leader said Part B 1970 census. come floor of $1,800 a year for an individual benefits and the cost of administering the The 1960 census concluded that about 30 and $2,400 a year for a couple in the blind, Part B program are running at an annual percent of the elderly-6 Inilllon-lived in disabled and elderly poor category but, he rate of $2.5 billion while Part B premium housing that was dllapidated, deteriorating, said, provision should be made to assure payments and the matching contribution or lacking some facilities. This figure is be­ maintenance of existing benefits in States from Federal general revenues will come to lieved to represent about 2.8 million sub­ now paying more than H.R. 1 would guar­ approximately $2.6 bllllon for the year end­ stan dard apartments or houses. antee. ing next July 1, leaving a small surplus to The Senate's Special Committee on Aging Noting that the goal of H.R. 1 is to pro­ go into the already skimpy reserve in the concludes that new housing construction vide incentives for welfare recipients to find Medicare Part B trust fund. for the elderly over the past decade has jobs, Cruikshank said that, if there is to Cruikshank observed: "The obvious con­ roughly been keeping pace with the expand­ be any real progress toward this goal, there clusion is that, if matching funds from Fed­ ing need-without making major inroads on must be job opportunities available. He said eral general revenues for the Medicare Part the pent-up need. It estimates that today the National Council strongly supports a B program are to be discontinued, the loss "a minimum of 3 million units" are needed. provision of the Ribicoff amendment to H.R. must be made up either by raiding one of the The problem of the elderly poor appears 1 that would authorize $1.2 billion for public other Social Security trust funds or by in­ the most active. In 1968 the President's Com­ service jobs instead of the $800 million that creasing the Social Security tax on workers mittee on Urban Problems reported "an im­ H.R. 1 as presently written would make and employers." mediate and critical social need for mUUons available. (There are separate Social Security trust of decent dwellings to shelter the nation's Most welfare recipients are physically un­ funds for old age and survivors benefits, for low-income families." It called for low­ able to work, Cruikshank noted, adding that Social Security disability benefits, for Medi- incoming housing units to be built at the rate 5522 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 24, 1972 of 600,000 a year, for 10 years-to a total of my friends are here; there I'd walk down the borhood. Perhaps it s biggest boost is the nu­ 6 to 8 million. street and know no one, and no one would tritious, low-cost dinner it serves some 125 to 150 elderly every day (some meals are sent J'OB.TY•ONE THOUSAND NEW UNITS AGAINST know me." ONE-HUNDRED THOUSAND Nevertheless, many do retire to other areas; to the homebound as well). witness the many elderly 11 ving in mile a.fter " I give t h em more protein than is re­ The Senate Special Committee concludes Inlle of mobile homes and SIID8oll houses in quired," says Mrs. Gertrude W. Wagner, the that, since one-fifth of the poor are elderly, parts of Florida. center's nutritionist, "because I feel that, one-fifth of the 600,000 housing units are In search of country peacefulness, a few being t he highest priced food element, that's needed annually by the elderly--about 120,- retirees even ignore harsh winter weather­ the one they won't get ot h erwise. She says 000. "By contrast," the committee reported as with those who retire to Freedom, N.H. t hat "quite a. large group that comes every early this year, "only 41,000 units could be (population 387). "I've vacationed here from day for a. meal lives in resident homes Wit h­ identifted as approved or committed for the Boston every year since '28,'' says a courtly out any cooking fa.cillt ies. elderly poor last year." gentleman standing in front of Freedom's Mrs. Wagn er says " there is no douot" that Much emphasis in construction for the Village Store. "I retired two years ago: mov­ because of meals provided by the center a elderly is on apartments, and many elderly ing here year round was the na.turel thing to number of local elderly are able to keep liv­ are moving from homes to apartments. But do. Freedom's becolne a. retirement village, ing in their homes, not have to move to at present two-thirds of Americans past 65 you know." nursing homes. That, she says, "is the thing live in their homes (80 percent have fully Over the years a. Midwesterner has bought all of them want. Nobody wa.nts to leave his paid off their mortgages) . and bea.utlfully restored several Freedom home." "For most older Americans," says the Sen­ buildings, including the old inn and a one­ The center is widely acknowledged to be ate committee, "their home is their only time store that had fallen upon sorry days. doing a fine job through its meals and many asset." Now the store is four nice apartments for other programs. Yet, ever t h e realist, Mrs. One elderly person in 20 lives in a nursing retirees. Wagner warns that even in this area of Man­ home for the aged, or other institution. Retirees coining to Freedom have been able hattan the need is far larger: Seven in 10 live in families, reports the to find good housing. But na.tiona.lly the "It's important that we know we're just a Admlnistratlon on Aging. It adds that 1 in 4 housing problem of the elderly is acute. drop in the bucket , compared with the total lives alone, or with nonrelatives. "Three This is an area in which government is needs in the area, or in the city, or in the times as ma.ny older women live alone or helping. But critics charge it should do more country." with nonrelatives,"it says, "as do older men." than it has done. What's worse, they say, the For untold thousands of elderly, living Living alone seems particularly difticult Nixon ad.mln1s·tra.tion has been tr'Y'ing to cut alone and struggling to remain independent, for the elderly, whether it is uncounted back on housing and other aid to the elderly a. nursing home is the only alternative to the thousands in 11 ttle rundown hotels or those when it really should be expandnig ilt. help this and other centers provide. One alone in large houses. In little hotel rooms The Department of Housing and Urban elderly American in 20 lives in a nurs·ing a sense of loneliness and isolation sometimes Development (HUD) reports that by Inld- home or other institution. And to many seems overpowering; in too-big houses it is 1970, elderly were living in more than 336,000 an ot her, the very idea of having to move to the expense and difticulty of keeping up such apartments or houses subsidized in whole or one brings a tear. a large place. And the ever-soa.rlng taxes. in part by the federal government. The de­ There are many dedicated nursing home TAXES UP "SOMETHING TERRIBLE" partment says it admln.Lsters 2'1 programs un­ administra:tors and staffs across the country, "The real-estate taxes are going to drive der which the elderly are aided, including: and a substantial number of fine nursing me out of my home," laments a widow from apartments exclusively for the elderly; low­ homes. But a two-year Senate study chaired northwest Washington, D.C. "I've paid taxes rent public housing for elderly and others; and directed by Utah Sen. Frank E. Moss (D) for years; I paid plenty in taxes to educate and rent-subsidy programs. concludes that despite some improvement in my children. But the taxes have gone up NO INROADS ON BACKLOG the nation's nursing hom e situation in re­ something terrible the last few years, and cent years, by and large the picture remains As evidence of progress in meeting the shocking. with my husband gone I don't have that housing needs, HUD reports that elderly were much income anymore. living in 156,000 general-purpose, low-income BEHIND-SCENES CRITICISM "Why do I have to keep paying to edu­ apartments in 1970, compared with 77,000 10 Many persons who have worked in nursing cate someone else's children? If taxes go years earlier. It reports also that in 1960 homes can relate firsthand how care and food much higher I'll have to sell the house and only 1,100 federally aided apartment units costs are held down--even in some expensive move into an apartment. But I'll always ex.lsted in programs specifically designed for establishments. think of the old house as my home." the elderly. Ten years later, it says, there A kitchen aide says she resigned from a It's more than taxes that makes many were 180,000. modern southern Massachusetts nursing elderly exchange their houses for apartments. Even critics admit that's worthy progress. home because: For many it's also the expense of house re­ But they say it only keeps pace with the "One day when I was ladling mashed pairs and the effort needed to keep up a increase in need-and does·n't meet a basic potatoes onto the patients• plates the man­ house. need for nearly 3 mlllion good-quality, low­ ager came into the kirtchen. He told me to It's a typical pattern for many elderly, es­ cost housing units for the elderly. mash the potatoes down on the plates with pecially those widowed. Income goes down: it HUD says that in the past 10~ years, end­ a fork 'so it looks like t here is more than there gets harder and harder to manage a big ing last December, 43,500 apartment units really is.' house financially and otherwise. One day were begun under the major federal program "That was too much for me; I quit the they decide the ease of apartment living to provide low-cost apartment housing ex­ same day. I felt so sorry for those poor pa­ would make the switch worthwhile. clusively for the elderly. But the Nixon ad­ tients." However, with reduced incomes and often Inlnistration has decided to end this program Nursing homes became big business from special needs-such as being within. walking and instea.d stress low-to-moderate-income 1966 to '69. Hundreds sprang up across the d1stance of good public transportation­ housing for all ages. nation, largely in response to a. federal car­ many elderly find it dlfticult to compete with Critics charge that the practical effect of rot: the f.ederal government began to pay mil­ younger persons for available apartments. this change in direction, made more than a lions of dollars to nursing homes to care for Reports the Senate Special Committee on year ago, is to stop new housing for the el­ the aged. Housing: derly-making it too expensive to build be­ Today, the Moss subcominlttee estimates, "With apartments generally showing only cause of needlessly higher specifications and nursing homes take in from $2.5 billion to $3 a 5 percent vacancy rate and apartments on interest rates. The Senate in 1970 voted $10 billion a year. Public funds account for $2 the Eastern corridor showing only a 2.8 per­ million for the old program ·anyway, but of every $3; federal funds alone pay abou t $1 cent vacancy rate, seniors had little oppor­ HUD did not spend it. of every $2. tunity to find or exchange housing. They A LITTLE EXTRA HELP Ironically, the Moss st udy concludes, t his have to compete for these vacant units with is not enough to provide proper care. And in their younger counterparts, who are more Acute as is the shortage of adequate hous­ ing, for many elderly the problem is not fact a number of nursing homes have de­ mobile and better off financially. clared bankruptcy over the past two years . "In times of severe shortage the elderly finding an apart ment, it's remaining there. What's needed by many is a little extra help St ates determine how much money should are the ones who are forced to accept the be paid nursing homes each day to care for run-down apartment that would otherwise from someone: a good hot meal once a day; someone to take them shopping twice a indigent elderly patients under the medicaid stand vacant." week; a once-a-week cleaning service; help program. The cost then is shared between the NO CHANGE OF VENUE FOR JUDGE in cutting through the miles of red tape state and federal government. When most people retire they prefer to con­ oft en woun d around proinlsed government The Moss study finds most states pay $14 a tinue living in the communities they're in, aid. day for medicaid patients, which has to cover where friends and surroundings are faan1Uar. Many privately and publicly fina nced pro­ the room, nursing care, food, medicines, and For instance, like the Rhode Islander who grams exist to provide these services. But in oth er expenses. It's less than most hotels moved two blocks from house to apartment. almost every area of the country the need charge merely for a room. "Grossly inade­ And like the Missouri judge in his late 70's far exceeds the services provided. quate" for proper care, complains Senator but stUl pmcticing law when his wife passed One of the best programs is at Hudson Moss. on. His daughter-in-law invited him to live Guild-Fulton Center, on New York's Ninth However, charges a Moss commit tee aide with her f'8Jlllly just outs1de New York City. Avenue. The center provides many activities who has been deeply involved in the study, He thanked her warmly but declined: "All and much help for the elderly of the neigh- "if a nursing home operator really wants to February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5523 cut services and care, he can make a fortune low-quality nursing home and earning high Jlll Battersby, a Women's Royal Volunteer on $14 a day." profits. The reason is that your major ex­ Service (WRVS )- social worker. "There are The study holds that "the gist of the prob­ penses as a nursing home are staff and food. hundreds of cases still that are precious close lem is money." The Senator recommends that So if you want to make a lot of money in the to tragedy.'' the way to solve the problem is to pay more nursing home field, you cut care and food But the numbers are steadily being re­ money contingent on adequate care, good costs.'' duced. Mrs. Mary S~ons, for instance, food, and other elements of a first-rate nurs­ worked for 60 year& as a "char" (domestic). ing home. THE AGED OVERSEAS: How Do THEY FARE? At 75 she retired. She now lives in a one-bed­ Hl:GH-QUALITY INCENTIVES SOUGHT (By staff correspondents of the Christian room, single-story house on a council estate Science Monitor) (public housing} in one of the most expen­ He wants to build financial incentives into sive areas for private housing in Britain. existing government programs that would This article was complled by staff writer Florence Mouckley from dispatches written "Oh, I am lucky," she says; "this is a encourage high-quality nursing homes. He lovely house. I can live very well on my pen­ praises the incentive system Connecticut by Monitor correspondents John Allan May in London, Harry B. Ellls in Bonn (who in­ sion really." builds into its medicaid payments to nursing Local authorities now build about half the homes for care of the ill and poor. cluded information from many visits to Sweden), Eliza.beth Pond in Tokyo, and houses in Britain. Of these, one-quarter are The state inspects nursing homes and specifically for the elderly. The rate of build­ grades them in five categories; the better Charlotte SaJ.kowskiin Moscow. BOSTON.-With the United States stffi gy­ ing old folks' accommodations is 80,000 units they are, the more money they receive. "Typi­ a year. In addition, more than 5,000 housing cally," the Senator says, "a Class A nursing rating to the rhythm of the young, in Great Britain a new, measured beat is being heard. associations are concerned exclusively with home will receive about $1 a day (per patient) the elderly. more than a Class B nursing home and $2 a The elderly person is slowly being brought day more than a Class C nursing home, and back to a meaningful place in society. MEDICAL SERVICES LARGELY FREE so forth." Compared with other industrlaJlzed na­ Medical services are provided largely free. He says that Connecticut "is commonly rec­ tions, Britad.n has a foot out in front. As One-third of total National Health Service ognized as having one of the best nursing more and more of the physical requirements spending goes to care for the elderly, who home systems in the nation. To be sure, there of the elderly are being met, public and pri­ are also exempt from prescription charges are problems with this system ... (which vate agencies are responding to their need on recommended medicines. are recognized), but with some minor re­ for companionship, for usefulness, and for Last year half a million older people took vision it might provide a useful model for being a pa.rt of the ma.1nstream of life. advantage of the home nursing services pro­ other states." For instance, some 600 day centers and vided by the local authorities. Some 373,000 Good food, enough nursing care, a con­ 7,500 socia.l clubs for the elderly dot the had "home helps" provided for them and cerned staff, a clean and cheery atmosphere, a country. Many of these a.re provided by local 828,625 enjoyed free chiropody treatment. fireproof building-good nursing homes have town governments and county councils. Volunteer agencies provided 21,561,819 "meals to provide all these things. But there is some­ others are endowed by voluntary services. on wheels"-some 14 Inillion served to the thing more-respect for the patients. Many of In every town in Britain a wide range of aged in their homes and the rest at social the homes have it: But too many, unfortun­ "leisure-learning courses" is available. And clubs. ately, do not. more and more elderly folk are helping in And an increasing number of local au­ the social services, in libraries, and on local A SHORTAGE OF DIGNITY thorities are furnishing even such things as sports, social, a.n.d politicaJ committees. laundry services. It's trauma.tic indeed for the elderly to lose Workrooms are being set up by most local Sweden, which has probably the most com­ their independence and have to go to a nurs­ authorities to provide those who want it prehensive social-welfare programs of all ing home--however sunny its rooms. How­ with part-time light work. industrialized nations, is just beginning to ever loving its staff. OLD ORDER CHANGES SHARPLY grapple with the need. of the elderly for Some nursing homes unconsciously twist This movement to include the elderly in companionship and stimulation. the knife in the unklndest cut of all: slicing the ongoing life of the nation marks a dra- from the patient his last shred of dignity. With physical needs now met, loneliness is • ma.tic cha.nge in Britain. the prime problem. And Sweden must also There is, for instance, a lovely, modern It would be almost true to say tiha.t even deal with another, unique aspect of the lone­ nursing home in southern New England 10 years ago the elderly had no position. The liness problem: a traditional stiffness and where nurses and staff automatically call days when "grandma" presided over the fam­ aloofness among its people. first even their newest patients by their ily a.n.d was taken along on all its outings names. It's never "Mr." or "Mrs.," but always For centuries Sweden was a farming coun­ had already go:p.e. try. Isolated by geography and by long, severe "John," or "Edith." Nobody ever asks the Most housing was getting too small and patients how they wish to be addressed; for winters, families looked only to their own expensive to allow the majority of young members and the immediate community for some, it's the last straw to be known, like people to have parents Uving with them. Peo­ social contact. Activity orbited around home children, only by one informaa first name. ple in the geriatric wards of hosplta.J.s and in and family. A comprehensive study by the Senate sub­ "homes" were half-forgotten and tragic ac­ But with industrialization and the move committee on long-term care concludes that tors on the social scene. Most of the poor about half of all the nation's nursing homes from farins and small communities to the were old and most of the old were poor. cities, the extended falnily system broke run for profit are substandard-in construc­ This situation has cha.nged. But the tion, care, food, or some other element. (Most down. change stm haa a long way to go before it MORE THAN THE CLINICALLY MODERN nursing homes which exist prima.r1ly to pro­ is complete. vide medical care are in this proprietary Some 7.6 million citizens a.re past the age With the close contact with the family group; most homes for the aged-well and of 65 in Britain. There is provision, although severed, many elderly people were forced to otherwise-are nonprofit.) it is small, for a basic pension for every one live on their own, either in government-sup­ H nursing homes were graded like school­ of them. And a system of supplementary ported homes or in their own fiats. And with children, the study concludes, only 5 percent benefits ensures that those with no other re­ the Swedish tendency toward diffidence, the would get an "A." (These also are expensive, sources receive a. basic income of at least elderly find it extremely difficult to make because the needed high level of care and £6.30 ($15) a week above the cost of their rent friends and find a new life. is food they provide patients costly.) 01· accommodation. More and more Swedes acknowledge tha-t Ten percent would get "B"; 15 percent, Meanwhile, a new pensions plan, due to they have planned for the elderly-retire­ "C"; and 20 percent, "D." These are rated be passed into law this year, will in time ment benefits, health care-but not in the as having good physical fac111ties. "But what ensure that everybody in retirement has an sense of finding out what they themselves you're sorely lacking there is care," explains adequate pension, related to earnings dur­ really want. The Swedish Government and a subcommittee a.lde-"more because they ing his or her working life, that will be auto­ public are coming to realize that the clini­ can't than that they don't care.'' matically adjusted to take account of in­ cally modern apartment blocks and the im­ "THE SYSTEM" GRADED LOWEST fi.ation. personal caring for physical needs are not the The guilty party, the study concludes, "is MAJORITY KEEP WORKING answer for the elderly. the system-and the system builds in poor However, despite these pension provisions, To bring the aged out of their isolation, care. You need more nurses. You need the 6 out of 10 men over the age of 65 still prefer Prime Minister Olof Palme hopes to inau­ involvement of more physicians. to stay on at work. With pensions at their gurate "continuing education" in Sweden­ "Most of all, you need a clear national present levels the majority must work after the opportunity for Swedes of all ages to policy as to how we are going to tre&t our retirement if they are to maintain a reason­ return to school at government expense. elderly ID." able standard of living. Although not directed speclftcally at retired In August President Nixon publicly ex­ And it remains true that one-third of all people, this program would include them. pressed his concern about the poor quality of the retired folk in Britain need Supplemen­ Echoing the Swedish situation, a social some nursing homes. He said he intends to tary Assistance to keep them above the worker in West Germany says: "What the see that those falling below minimum federal poverty line. elderly need above allis stimulation to make standards are brought up to them. As one It 1s also the case that the number of their everyday lives a bit different. Over and step he announced plans to train an addi­ special houses and fiatlets for the elderly over, as I go from one old people's home to tional 2,000 nursing home inspectors. needs to be quadrupled. another, that is what I hear. The Moss study holds that "there seeins "Every day we find old people who some­ "Most people in homes feel they are well to be a 1-to-1 relationship between being a how have been left out of things," says Mrs. taken care of," the social worker continued. 5524 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE February 24, 197~

"They acknowledge this, then they sigh and emptions for working elderly would also be examination are often too far away or in­ complain that one day is j-ust like another." raised from the present 120,000 yen. convenient for the elderly to get to. Also, Both Sweden and West Germany have Also, a combination of national and local there is a strong disinclination to have the comprehensive socialized-medicine programs governments would pay half the costs of examination, since at best the elderly per­ that antedate the American Medicare pro­ private medical insurance for those 70 and son would still have to pay half the costs; gram. In addition, many Germans take out over. Old-age pensions {for those 70 and and at worst he would have to pay all. Many extra health insurance through private plans. over) would be increased from 2,300 yen a an older person just cannot afford medical Thus old age is not the financial burden on month to 3,300 yen (about $10). attention. And there is at present no pub­ families that it is in the United States. According to a. survey by the Social Wel­ lic health insurance for the aged. As in Sweden basic living needs of West fare Min.11Stry made last June, 540,000 elderly The ruling Liberal Democrats are planning German elderly are met adequately. AU (men 65 a.nd over and women 60 and over) free medical care for older people, but it's workers contribute to compulsory old-age live alone, often in extreme poverty. Of these slow in coming. It will cover those past 75 insurance, with their employers giving an 170,000 can afford to eat only two meals a next year and only eventually cover those equal amount. Men are eligible at 65; women day; 86,000 are bedridden. past 70. at 60. And the pension rises automatically ABOUT A THIRD SUPPORT THEMSELVES Efforts to make life meaningful for the with increases in the cost of living. In more general terms, according to Fumlo old in Japan are llmitec1. Housewives who have never worked do not Prefectural (state) governments have some get a pension, though they share e.s wives Miura, section chief in the Welfare Minis­ social welfare centers with daytime activities. and widows in their husband's pensions. try's Social Research Institute, about 30 per­ The Welfare Ministry tries to provide some Legislation being prepared will give house­ cent of the 7 milllon elderly population sup­ club activity, too, but these attempts do not wives a pension for the years of work within port themselves; 50 percent are supported by even scrape the surface of the need. the home. their children; and 10 to 15 percent are sup­ A promise on the horizon: The problems of The traditional pattern of the "old folks" ported by the government. the aged have become an important issue in living with the younger generation is largely There are no company pensions in Japan. Japan and no political party can afford to superseded in West Germany. When, for ex­ ·I'here is a lump-sum payment on conclusion ignore them. ample, East Germany allowed pensioners to of employment, but this does not cover fur­ In the Soviet Union, although retirement visit their West German famll1es for a month ther needs. age is 60 for men and 55 for women, count­ each year, remarkably few elderly East Ger­ The first government pension program real­ less Russians continue to work either to sup­ mans remained in the West. Almost all re­ ly got started only in 1954. It 1.s financed by plement meager pensions or because of pro­ turned to East Germany to their own homes, funds collected in both company and work­ fessional interest. Many scientists, econo­ rather than start living with their grown er payments over 20 years of employment, mists, actors,· and musicians--as well as the children. supplemented by government money. country's political leaders--are in their 60's At best this gives the pensioner only about and 70's. HOUSING AMPLE, STANDARDS VARIABLE two-fifths of the salary he earned while work­ Unlike the United States, there is no seri­ ing. And the program has not been in op­ MANPOWER-AND CONTENTMENT-SOUGHT ous lack of housing for the elderly in Sweden eration long enough for anyone to qualify yet And most significant, because of a growing or in West Germany, both of which build for this maximum pension. shortage of manpower, a concerted effort is large numbers of "social" housing com­ If a man is forced to retire at 55, he may under way to enlist retired persons back into plexes-that is, supported by government find he has his most pressing financial needs jobs. Aside from the value to the economy, funds with low, controlled rents. immediately after retirement, for with fre­ it is recognized in the Soviet _Union that Those elderly who, for one reason or an­ quent late marriages in Japan, he may well activity keeps older people healthier and other, cannot live on their own find places stlll have children to support and educate. happier. Some planners suggest that special in either private or public homes for the A measure of the inadequacy of pensions light manufacturing plants be built that aged. Here the quality varies greatly and, is seen in the number of people who work would hire only elderly persons and that in West Germany, at least, there are inade­ after retirement. Over the past decade this part-time work be provided more widely quate controls on how such private homes has increased to 87 percent. With Japan's where feasible. should be run. labor shortage, retirees can find jobs, but­ Parallel with other societies is the dis­ Recently the West German press has these are often menial and low-paying ones appearance of the traditional Russian patri­ stressed the loneliness problems of the aged, like parking-lot attendants. archal family, in which two and three genera­ portraying them as often exploited by those tions lived together and the elderly "babush­ who run old-age homes. GOLDFISH PONDS AND PERSIMMON TREE ka" looked after the children. Young married There is a need for additional facll1ties for About 80 percent of the aged live with couples today prefer to live alone, and the the elderly as the percentage ad: those over their children. This percentage, which is just contemporary grandmother is less inclined to 65 increases. the reverse of the Western ratio, has re­ spend her senior years tied to family chores. Japan, rocketing onto the world scene as mained constant since 1955. Some 19 or 20 Hence care of the aged is a growing concern a major industrialized nation, was late percent live alone; 1 percent live in old-age in Russia. among nations in this category in adopting homes. Old-age pensions are paid to male wage social-welfare programs for the eldeT'ly, since Mrs. Toshi Higuchi, 70 years old, is one of earners at the age of 60 and to women at the traditionally they have always been cared for the fortunate elderly people in Japan, but age of 55. The minimum pension was raised by their children. still her situation is not ideal. She lives alone this year to 45 rubles ($50) a month and the Throughout history Japanese families have in a new mountain house built by her daugh­ m inimum monthly pension for collective respected and honored their elderly in obedi­ ter and son-in-law in a resort area of Nilgata. farmers to 20 rubles {$22). The maximum ence to Confucian ethics. Japan's whole sys­ She enjoys planting roses and comos and wa­ pension, based on years of employment and tem of loyalties was shattered by the coun­ tering her garden, which is quite large and size of earnings, is 120 rubles. As a measure try's defeat in World War II, however, and contains two goldfish ponds and a persimmon of comparison, the present average Soviet fillal piety was not exempt. And, too, the ex­ tree. She lives 15 minutes by car from the factory wage is 122 rubles a month. plosive postwar industrialization a.nd urban­ train station, and there is a good road to it. FOR HALF, LESS THAN 50 RUBLES ization, with their population mobillty and But it's difficult for an old woman to get increase in nuclear familles, further under­ up and down much. She was in the hospital Unlike most in the West, RUJSSians do not mined the old fa.m.Uy system. for 50 days recently but is back home now. contribute to the state pension fund, and pensions received are probably a higher per­ MEN AT THE TOP VERSUS LOSS OF PRESTIGE The daughter (her only one) and son-in-law llve in a. bakery, a 15-minute train ride away centage of average earnings than in most Now there is a wide gap between the men from the station. Her granddaughter is mar­ countries. However, they are also extremely in their 60's and 70's who hold the top ried a.nd llvlng far away In Kyushu. Her low in relation to food prices. Western econ­ polltical and business leadership posts a.nd grandson is llving rather far away, studying omists estimate thaJt at least one-half of all the vast majority of elderly, who no longer baking in Tokyo. When asked to compare the retired persons have to get along on less enjoy the prewar prestige of the aged. way older people are treated now with pre­ than 50 rubles a month, which is below the The vast majority faces compulsory retire­ war days, she replied: "I have nothing to say, official minimum living standards. ment at 65. because I am happy. Things are taken care of, Certain types of hard labor, such as min­ There is a growing Uterature, both factual but when it comes to evening time, I feel very ing, carry earlier retirement benefits, as do and fictional, on the uselessness, loneliness, lonely.... If I had a maid living with me, jobs in remote and d111lcult parts of the and even obsolescence that many of these I wouldn't be lonely, but then I would have coUllltry. men feel. to think about this and that for the maid all In the sphere of public health, the Soviet Financial provision for the elderly 1.s most the time, and I wouldn't like that, so I stay Union has an extensive system of free medi­ inadequate. However, the Finance Ministry alone." cal care (apart from the cost of medicines) . has just come out with a plan (which will There are reported to be 100 geriatric con­ probably be adopted) to increase social-wel­ A FREE MEDICAL CHECKUP-PERHAPS sulting offices attached to medical institu­ fare benefits next year. In theory the Japanese Government pro­ tions throughout the country now, and the Yearly income-tax exemptions for depen­ vides the elderly with a free medical check­ first comprehensive geriatric polyclinic has dent elderly would be increased from 140,000 up once a year. But only about 20 percent been opened in the city of Tashkent. (about $425) to 160,000 or 180,000 yen. Ex- actually take the checkups. The places of With 12 percent of the Soviet population February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5525 above the age of 60, problems of the elderly bargo on trade, and campaigned to keep because they have ended the dangerous are being talked about more these days. China out of the United Nations. double standard policy, under which the Geriatrics specialists would like to see the United States actually gave distinct dip­ construction of special rest homes, clubs, and A great Republican leader of a later even dietetic restaurants. generation has succeeded, step by step, lomatic, economic, and military advan­ over the past 3 years in removing the tage to the Soviet Union. By acting to NEED FOR SPECIALIZED HOUSING SEEN barricades the United States itself deal on equal terms with both Peking They would also like to see more special­ ized housing for the elderly. placed against an open door to China, and Moscow, the President has notified Housing in general is in short supply, with and he is now in Peking dealing face-to Moscow-and the world-that the United an estimated 40 percent of the population face with the great leaders of that great States will not gang up with Moscow still living in communal apartanents--two or nation. against Peking in border difficulties or more familles per apartment. But rents are The opening of the door to China is a other problems that may arise between subsidized by the state and are minimal by great personal achievement of Mr. Nixon, the two great rival centers of Communist Western standards. Collective farmers, for one in which Republicans especially can power. their part, own their own houses. rejoice. These steps, and most of all the Presi­ According to a Soviet report, about 250,000 to aged persons and invalids are cared for en­ Here are the steps taken by President dent's personal visit China, are major tirely by the state in special homes, of Nixon: steps toward permanent peace and safety which there are some 850 in the huge July 1969-American tourists were per­ in East Asia. And appropriately they have Russian Federation. There is also special mitted to purchase Chinese merchandise been undertaken by a Republican. (and better-quality) housing for retired sci­ abroad, travel restrictions were reduced. On each previous occasion in modern entists, writers, and other privileged members December 1969-Foreign subsidiaries history when instability threatened the of the intelligentsia. of U.S. firms were authorized to engage Far East, a Republican leader has re­ SOviet specialists say the needs of the sponded. elderly are far from met and they urge con­ in commerce between China and third struction of more boarding homes for the countries. First among them was John Hay., with aged, with places for 100 to 400 persons in March 1970-The United States an­ the original Open Door Policy toward the midst of normal urban communities. nounced it would validate passports to China. Then followed Republicans Theo­ The current five-year plan (1971-75) also China for any legitimate purpose. dore Roosevelt, Henry Stimson, Dwight calls for more homes for the aged. August 1970-Restrictions lifted so Eisenhower, and John Foster Dulles. most foreign ships could use U.S.-owned Richard Nixon in China carries for­ bunkering facilities for trips to and from ward with great honor and effect theRe­ PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENT IN CIDNA Chinese ports. publican tradition of leadership for March 1971-Requirement of special peace, stability, and progress in world The SPEAKER. Under a previous affairs. order of the House, the gentleman from validation of passports for travel to Illinois (Mr. FINDLEY) is recognized for China terminated. 5 minutes. April 1971-United States decided to Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, on the expedite visas for visitors from China, NOISE CONTROL ACT OF 1972 afternoon of September 6, 1899, the relaxed currency controls so China could The SPEAKER. Under a previous U.S. Secretary of State, John Hay, a acquire dollars from the United States, order of the House, the gentleman from Republican, transmitted to the U.S. Am­ permitted U.S. oil companies to provide New York (Mr. HALPERN) is recognized bassador in Germany a diplomatic note. fuel for ships and aircraft en route to for 5 minutes. This communication addressed to His or from China, allowed U.S. ships and Mr. HALPERN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in Germany Majesty's Government, con­ planes to carry mainland Chinese cargo enthusiastic support of H.R. 11021, the cluded with the declaration that: between non-Chinese ports and U.S.­ Noise Control Act of 1972, a bill I am The policy of the government of the United owned carriers under foreign registry to privileged to have cooponsored. Even States is to seek a solution which may bring call at Chinese ports. At this time the though I do not believe this legislation about permanent safety and peace to China, United States also compiled a list of non­ will provide a complete answer to the in­ preserve Chinese territorial and administra­ strategic items for direct export to tive entity, protect all rights guaranteed to creasingly serious problem of noise pol­ China. lution, I feel it is a long step forward to­ friendly powers by treaty and international May 1971-0ther controls on dollar law, and safeguard for the world the prin­ ward the resolution of the plane noise ciple of equal and inipartial trade with all transactions with China were lifted. problem. parts of the Chinese Empire. June 1971-The United States ended a The problem of excessive noise is roo By 1900, the Hay Doctrine had been self-imposed 21-year-old embargo on all-pervasive and too complex to be swept circulated to all United States Embassies trade with China, issuing a general ex­ by one act of Congress. And even if this and had become the basis for the so­ port license for a comprehensive list of were possible, I personally believe that called open door policy. For the next 50 nonstrategic items, and rescinding a 10- the bill we have before us does not go as years our foreign policy toward China year requirement that half of certain far in combating this menace to the was officially proclaimed to be an open grain shipments to Communist ports public health and happiness as it should. door. We pledged to observe China's ter­ must go in U.S. vessels. But, I repeat, the Noise Control Act of ritorial integrity because, very simply, it November 1971-The United states re­ 1972 is a most useful beginning step to­ was in our best interests to keep China versed its opposition to United Nations ward bringing noise pollution under con­ from being cut up and colonized. Ameri­ membership for Red China. trol. can policy was to keep China open to all. February 1972-The United States In recent years the public attitude to­ That we did not actively promote or lifted restrictions on trade with China ward environmental noise has undergone enforce the open door policy in the years so trade with China is permitted on ex­ a considerable, and most necessary, following 1899 is our discredit. On oc­ actly the same basis as trade with the change. Noise used to be considered a casion upon occasion, up to 1941, the Soviet Union. minor nuisance, an annoying byproduct United States gave lip service to the Each of these steps has been under­ of twentieth-century life which could be principles of the open door but failed taken by the President without initiative fought-or endured-by the individual to use the means necessary to implement or special action by the Congress. That citizen. At worst the local authorities the principles. Tragically and inevitably is why the President's opening of the could be involved, as by calling the police the open door policy ended. In April1950, door to China can properly be considered to silence a particularly noisy party, or the last American consular and diplo­ a great personal achievement, of special getting a city or town ordinance passed matic personnel withdrew from mainland pride to Republicans. to stop a round-the-clock construction China and the United States embarked By substituting a new open door pol­ project during the hours of sleep. But it on a China policy which was the very icy for thE: closed one he inherited, the was not really taken sertously, and it cer­ antithesis of the open door. Instead of President has acted courageously and tainly was not considered to be a major striving for closer relations with China, imaginatively to meet the pressing need national prdblem. the United States barred regular diplo­ of stability and normalization in the Far Now the public attitude is very differ­ matic relations, prohibited travel of East. His actions effectively reduce the ent from that which I have just de­ Americans to Cl;lina, placed a total em- po~sibility of· hostility in that region, scribed .. NoiSe is oonslderetl a· serious ·oxvnr---849-Part 5 5526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 24, 1972 problem, and it is considered a national will now have an extensive role in deal­ the establishment of national standards problem. There are three reasons for this ing with the noise control problem. I do for nutritional labeling of food commodi­ change in attitude. First, the increased not intend to explain the Noise Control ties. I firmly believe that consumers are concern with all aspects of the environ­ Act in detail here. The able members of realizing the inadequacy of their diets, ment in which we live has extended to the Interstate and Foreign Commerce are becoming aware of the loss of nutri­ noise, which degrades that environment. Committee, who have been working on ents through our refinement processes, Second, the problem itself has grown in­ this legislation for months, have already and want to select foods which are creasingly more severe, particularly in done so, in their comrhittee report and healthful and nutritious. Most people our urban centers. in their fioor statements. However, I will generally understand there are four basic Finally, research into the effects of comment on some of the more important food groups from which to make selec­ noise on human health has established aspects of this bill. Under the Noise Con­ tions; but they are stymied from good that noise is a health hazard. Exposure to trol Act, there will be noise standards, selection, because they lack knowledge excessive noise can cause a diminishing prescribed in most cases by the EPA, about the nutritional values of particu­ of the ability to hear, and it may also which would set maximum allowa;ble lar foods. With labeling, consumers produce non-auditory effects such as noise levels for transportation equip­ would be able to know which foods would mental stress, fatigue, dizziness, and in­ ment, construction equipment, and other supply the needed daily requirements terference with sleep. These three fac­ noisy machinery. The bill would also set and, if labeling were required, manufac­ tors-increased environmental aware­ Federal noise labeling requirements for turers would most likely compete to pro­ ness, increased volume of noise, and in­ products in interstate commerce, a pro­ duce the best possible food. creased knowledge as to the harmful vision I believe would be highly useful There is no one food that contains all effects of noise-have combined to cause since it would provide the consumer with the needed nutrients, but through care­ a growing public concern, and a demand information on noise levels which is not ful selection, the required amounts of on the part of many of our citizens that now available to him. It provides for citi­ nutrients can be obtained daily. For ex­ something be done about noise pollution. zen suits against alleged violators of ample, most consumers would probably A brief listing of some of the more noise control requirements, for a pro­ be surprised to learn that a quarter significant sources of noise will serve to gram Of research, technical assistance to pound of cooked ground round contains show how all-pervasive this problem is. locaJ. governments, and public informa­ more protein, less fat, less calories, and is Aircraft, of course, represent the noise tion, and for the encouragement of the generally more nutritious than a quar­ source most readily identified, and those development of new, quieter products to ter pound of sirloin steak. And I think living near airports would contend that replace existing, noisier ones. It also pro­ there would be a literal run on liver­ as a source of annoyance, no noise can vides that tJhe Environmental Protec­ and a proliferation of recipes to perhaps compare with the scream of jet engines. tion Agency shall coordinate Federal camouflage this meat-were it known But those living near busy highways or programs relating to noise research and that liver is one of the most nutritious construction sites would tend to identify noise control. _ foods available. those noise sources as most annoying. Oc­ This legislation is a major step forward To give a further example, I always cupational noise is a serious problem to in the battle against noise pollution. thought watermelon was basically sweet many of our industrial workers. The Those of us from New York City, or from water when, in actuality, a 4-inch by housewife is victimized by a number of the other great metropolitan areas of the 8-inch wedge of watermelon supplies irritatingly noisy home appliances. Fin­ country, recognize only too well the ur­ half the daily requirements of vitamins ally, even our leisure activities tend to gent need to bring noise under control. A and C, whereas the highly touted apple be overly noisy, as the examples of motor­ Mr. Speaker, I urge the passage of this contains only one-half a unit of vitamin boats, snowmobiles, and rock music will legislation. C. And how many consumers know that show. one cup of pork and beans contains less The most ironic aspect of the noise pol­ NUTRITIONAL LABELING ACT OF protein, less fat and fewer calories than lution problem is that, in a great many 1972 two cooked frankfurters? And should not cases, noise pollution is simply not neces­ consumers know tha.t kale far- out­ sary. The technology exists that would The SPEAKER. Under a previous or­ distances green beans, cabbage, and bring noise down to much more endurable der of the House, the gentleman from lettuce in vitamins and that a wedge of levels. It is not being applied because, Connecticut d to assist in de­ (2), by striking out the period at the end pended, and any amount so authorized but fraying the operating costs of the transit of paragraph (3) and inserting in lieu not appropriated for a ny fiscal year may be thereof "; and", and by adding after para­ appropriated for any subsequent fiscal year systems in its jurisdiction. graph (3) the following new paragraph: H.R. 13362 would help private as well ending on or before June 30, 1977. "(4) to assist urban mass transportation " (e) The Secretary shall prescribe such as public transit systems. In the in­ systems which are operating at a deficit to regulations as he deems necessary or appro­ stance of private systems, application for continue to provide vitally needed transpor­ priate to carry out this section and assure assistance would be made by a local tation services by helping to defray the costs that its purpose will be achieved." public body or agency on behalf of the of such systems, allocating funds for op­ SEc. 4. (a) The first sentence of section transit companies. erating subsidies to each such system in pro­ 3 (b) of the Url;lan Mass Transportation Act The $400 million annual authorization portion to the total number of passengers of 1964 is amended by striking out "section in the bill is the amount estimated by it carries." 7" and inserting in lieu thereof "section 8". SEc. 3. The Urban Mass Transportation (b) Section 3 (e) of such Act is amended the American Transit Association and Act of 1964 is amended- by striking out "section 13 (c)" and inserting the Institute for Rapid Transit as being ( 1) by redesignating sections 6 through in lieu thereof "section 14(c) ". needed to meet mass transit's financial 16 as sections 7 through 17, respectively; (c) Section 4(c) of such Act is amended­ crisis. and (1) by striking out "3, 7(b), and 9" and The Department of Transportation in (2) by inserting after section 5 the fol­ inserting in lieu thereof "3, 8 (b) , and 10"; its November 1971 report on the feas­ lowing new section: and ibility of Federal subsidies for mass tran­ "EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR OPERATING (2) by striking out "section 12(d)" each SUBSIDIES place it appears and inserting in lieu thereof sit stated: "section 13(d) ". There can be no doubt that urban mass "SEc. 6. (a) Notwithstanding any other transportation faces severe problems which (d) The first sentence of section 16 of such provision of this Act, the Secretary is au­ Act (as redesignated by section 3(1) of this affect both the transit operator and the com­ thorized to make grants to any local public munity. Act) is amended by striking out "section body or agency thereof, in accordance with 7 (b) " and inserting in lieu thereof "section Unfortunately, the Department has this section, to help defray the operating 8 (b)". not yet submitted a proposal for an op­ costs of any urban mass transportation sys­ (e) Section 17(c) of such Act (as so re­ erating subsidy program; it has only tem which maintains mass transportation designated) is amended by striking out "sec­ recommended further study of the prob­ service in an urban area within its tion 6" and inserting in lieu thereof "section jurisdiction. 7". lem. I would urge that we cannot afford "(b) (1) The amounts appropriated pur­ to withhold assistance any longer. Delay (f) Section 11 of the Urban Mass Trans­ suant to subsection (e) for any fiscal year portation Assistance Act of 1970 is amended will only mean the further decline of shall be allocated by the Secretary for grants by striking out "sections 6(a), 9, and 11" existing service and more fare hikes­ to local public bodies and agencies thereof and inserting in lieu thereof "sections 7 (a) , all of which will mean further loss of as provided in this subsection. 10, and 12". ridership. Public transit has already suf­ "(2) The Secretary shall allocate to each fered an enormous loss in ridership in local public body or agency thereof within the last two decades; in 1950 public tran­ whose jurisdiction an urban mass transpor­ ANNOUNCEMENT OF HEARINGS ON sit carried more than 17 billion passen­ tation system is being operated (whether by THE FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT such local public body or agency or by an­ PROBLEMS OF THE SPANISH gers while it now carries less than 7 bil­ other entity (including a private mass trans­ lion annually. If our urban areas are to portation company)), for each fiscal year, an SPEAKING survive and prosper, they must provide amount which bears the same ratio to the (Mr. EDWARDS of California asked their citizens adequate and efficient pub­ total amount appropriated pursuant to sub­ and was given permission to extend his lic transportation at a reasonable price. section (e) for such year as the number of remarks at this point in the RECORD and passengers carried or to be carried by such The House Banking and Currency Sub­ system during such year (as determined or to include extraneous matter.) committee on Housing, chaired by the estimated by the Secretary) bears to the Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. distinguished gentleman from Pennsyl­ total number of passengers ca rried or to be Speaker, I would like to announce that vania Jews, a letter to Pravda mer deputy state's attorney, ruled that the be planned and constructed together in stating his affini_ty with his fellow Jews policemen, David W. McBain and Benjamin P. COnnor, did qualify after a grueling cross­ order to utilize so-called waste by­ around the world. examination by lawyers James 0. M1ller and products. By remaining in contact with this Walter H. Madden. The present effort is being sponsored Soviet Jew and his f-amily, Temple Miller is considered one of the best crimi­ in St. Louis by the Environmental Pro­ Emanuel is performing an admirable nru lawyers in the county, and Madden, a tection Agency. It is expected that the service. They are giving comfort to this former assistant state's attorney, is con­ experiment will be underway in a mat­ man and his family, and they are serv­ sidered something of a drug expert himself. ter of months and should it prove effec­ ing witness to the deprivation of human Both the police and the prosecutor's of­ tive it will be a model for other cities, rights that .goes on in the Soviet Union fice want policemen in the county who can and one practical answer to the solid today. testify in court that they identified sus­ WHEATON, MD., pected substances as marijuana to speed up waste problem. I commend the Environmental Protec­ January 9, 1972. trials of alleged drug offenders. DEAR FRIEND: We have not heard from you Currently it takes from four to six weeks tion Agency for their effort and I in· in a long time, and hope that this letter finds fo:r drug cases to be scheduled for court hear­ sert their release of February 10, 1972, you well. We have written a separate letter ings, a spokesman for the prosecutor's office for the information of my colleagues and to Berte to find out how she and Naomi said. the public. are. The time lag occurs because the county The winter is not a pleasant time of year, must depend on chemists from the Justice WASTES To BE USED To GENERATE ELECTRICITY Engineers 1n St. Louis are butldlng a and we were wondering 1f there was any­ Department's Bureau of Narcotics and Dan­ thing you needed, and if we could send it to gerous Drugs for expert testimony on iden­ faci11ty for grinding up refuse ·and other municipal solid wastes to mix with pulverized you. tification. This winter in Washington has been quite In addition to serving Montgomery, the coal to fire a power plant boiler and generate electricity. mild. We live about 10 miles north of Wash­ bureau's chemists also analyze suspected ington in a suburban town. We have had no drugs for the District police and for au­ The demonstration is sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency, the Oi.ty snow so far, and many days with the tem­ thorities in St. Marys, Charles and Prince perature in the 50-60 degree Fahrenheit Georges counties in Maryland. They also of St. Louis and the Union Electric Company. "The fuel value of municipal solid waste is range. test evidence in federal cases. At the present time two of our children County tria-ls must be scheduled when it about half that of coal," said William D. Ruckelshaus, Administrator of EPA. "The are very much involved in playing Basketball. is convenient for the chemists. Our oldest son, Eric, plays for our synagogue With policemen in the county who can run St. Louis project, if successful, will provide a way to use energy that would otherwise be team, and our youngest, Ted, plays for a the tests on substances suspected to be boys' club team. Our third chtld is our daugh­ marijuana and testify as to their findings in wasted, and a procedure will become avail­ able that could be used in a number of large ter, Lynn, who is seven years old. She is court, officials hope to shorten the time be­ mostly interested in dolls and other things tween arrest and tria.l by two or three weeks, cities across the country to help solve the problem of waste disposal." that a young girl is interested in. We look a prosecutor said. forward to he.arlng from you. The real test for the two policemen wm The financing for the project is apportioned as follows: EPA--$1,743,600; and the City of Yours in friendship, come when they attempt to be accepted as ALAN DRATTELL. experts in an authentic trial, said Insp. Fred St. Louis-$667,300 (in ooopera.tion with the Thratlklll, head o'! the police investigations Union Electric Company). [Letter written to Berta Chernoglaz, wife of bureau and the man who originated the idea The actual process of burning waste as an prisoner Chernoglaz, Pr. Makllna.- 26-25, of having the men trained in marijuana iden­ aux111ary fuel, scheduled to start in a few Leningrad, U.S.S.R.] tification. months, w1ll work as follows: WHEATON, MD., The two policemen attended classes at the Before the solid waste is shredded to a January 9,1972. laboratories of the narcotics bureau for two particle size of 1% inches ferrous metals wU1 DEAR FRIEND: Greetings from my family days in January. They learned to identify be magnetically removed. Glass and other to yours. How are you and little Naomi? We marijuana only. All other drug substances flame-resistant materials will be ground up have three children, Eric, Ted and Lynn, who will continue to be sent to the federal laJbora­ along with the wood, paper and other ma­ are active in many activities in school and tory, Thratlkill said. terials that burn. through the synagogue. Jack Rosenstein, chief chemist of the fed­ The process will require about 300 tons of Eric is our oldest. He is 13 and became eral bureau who is watching the Montgomery St. Louts solid waste ·a day-nearly 30 per­ Bar Mitzvah last spring. He runs on his experiment with interest, said, "We have a cent of the solid waste collected by city school track team and plays the position of fantastic amount of cases and we don't have trucks. The ground solid waste wU1 be mixed center 1n our synagogue's basketball team. enough men to go around." with pulverized coal at initial proportion of Ted, who is 11, plays on a boys' club basket­ If the Montgomery policemen are accepted 90 percent coal, 10 peroent refuse, on a heat ball team. Just last night his team won 31- as experts "it can relieve us o'! some of the value basis. 14. Lynn, our daughter, is 7, and like most burden," Rosenstein said. This mixture will be fed to one of Union little girls, is interested 1n playing house If the men are accepted in an actual court Electric Company's 125 megawatt boner and talking a lot. We call her the family case, Montgomery will become only the sec­ units, Meramic Unit No. 1, for a full scale yentah. ond jurisdiction in the country where pollee test of the process. Union Electric's contribu­ Are there any things that you and Naomi officers can testify on marijuana identifica­ tion will underwrite the cost of the installa­ need? Do you need any clothing or books, tion. tion of test facllities for the storage, handling for example? Please let us know, and we Last year there were more than 500 ar­ and firing of solid waste on its property. will send you what we can. rests for possession or sale of marijuana in The recovery of heat from the incineration We are writing to David, too, to see 1f he Montgomery, according to police records. of municipal solid waste in boilers is fairly might need some things also, particularly Possession of marijuana, a misdemeanor common in Europe, but is not practiced ex­ now that winter is here. punishable by a $1,,000 fine and a year in jatl tensively in the Untted States. So far this winter has been quite mUd. We or both is the most common drug offense in live near Washington, D.C., and ordinartly Montgomery. Sale of the drug is a felony and winter here is quite mild. 'l1his year it 1s punishable by a $15,000 fine, five years in TEMPLE EMANUEI.r--DAVID especially so. jail or both. CHERNOGLAZ Washington is quite a beautt!ul city and GUDE even the bleakness of winter days cannot the New York Times and the read a recent article, entitled "Exchanges BEFORE 1949 Wall Street Journal, a former U.S. Ambassa­ With China?" by Douglas P. Murray. As exchange relations evolve, we should dor, and several "old China hands" hardly Douglas P. Murray is program director recall that they w111 renew a long standing known as sympathetic to the P.R.C. At the for the National Committee on United pattern interrupted only in part during the same time, however, China did invite groups States-China Relations, Inc. Based in last two decades. Largely subsidized by the and individuals clearly identified with either New York, the committee is a private, $15 million Boxer Indemnity Fund, from her own revolutionary philosophy or, in her 1919 to 1939 approximately 1,000 Chinese socialist view, exploited minorities: for ex­ nonpartisan, educational organization students came to the United States every ample, the National Peace Action Coalition, devoted to increasing public interest in, year. When the Chines£ Communists came the Black Panther Party, the Young Lords and understanding of, China and its re­ to power in 1949, almost 4,000 students from Party, the Black Workers Congress, and the lations with the United States. China were enrolled in American schools and Reverend Hosea W1lliams of the moderate Dr. Murray received his B.A. and M.A. universities. Since then, many thousands of Southern Christian Leadership Conference. degrees from Yale University and holds students, educators, and technical special­ Most Americans who Visited China in 1971 ists have traveled between Taiwan and the had one thing in common: by Virtue of a Ph. D. in international development United States, through cultural and scien­ either personal acquaintances or publicly education from Stanford University. tific agreements with the Republic of China. stated views, they were known to China's Mr. Speaker, in his paper, which was, (Most students from Taiwan, however, have leaders and could be assumed to be respon­ I must point out, written in mid-Novem­ remained in the United States after com­ sible, 1f not sympathetic, guests. For exam­ ber 1971, Dr. Murray summarizes what pleting their education.) Americans have ple, Drs. Paul Dudley White (the Boston has taken place since last March, when not been entirely cut off from China and heart specialist) and Samuel Rosen (the New the U.S. table tennis team was invited to Chinese culture, but only from the unique York otologist) had been inVited to China social and political experiments taking place years ago because they were internationally visit the People's Republic of China, and on the vast China mainland. And we should known and their special fields held great in­ he suggests some of the problems to be be aware that during this period the Peo­ terest for their Chinese counterparts: they worked out before there can once again ple's Republic of China has not been cut off were unable to make the earlier trip, how­ be normal exchanges of persons between from the rest of the world. From 1950 to ever, because of the preva111ng political cli­ the People's Republic and the United the mid-1960's as many as 40,000 Chinese mate. Seymour Topping of the New York States. studied abroad. Although the vast majority Times enjoyed the special introduction of Mr. Speaker, Dr. Murray's paper, went to the U.S.S.R., many were sent to his father-in-law, retired Canadian diplomat Western Europe, including France, England, Chester Ronning, who was personally ac­ which appears in the winter 1972 issue and Denmark. quainted with many of China's leaders. Wil­ of the journal Exchange, a publication Recent American visitors to China agree liam Attwood of Newsday and Bronson Clark of the U.S. Advisory Commission on In­ on one central fact, namely, that China's and Russell Johnson of the American Friends ternational Educational and Cultural leaders feel a.n almost desperate need to Service Committee were invited by Cambo­ Affairs, follows: learn more about-though not from-the dia's exiled leader, Prince Norodom Siha­ United States before embarking on formal nouk, whom they knew personally. Biology EXCHANGES WITH CHINA? exchange programs with us. One American (By Douglas P. Murray) Professor Arthur Galston (Yale) and Ethan reported that Foreign Ministry officers in Signer (MIT) had been outspoken opponents Late last year Ohalrman Mao Tse-tung told Peking were eagerly reading recent books of the Viet-Nam War and were visiting North Edga;r Snow that he would welcome visits to from the United States. From Premier Chou Viet-Nam when their Visa applications were Ohina by Americans of many backgrounds En-lai on down, Chinese officials have bom­ approved. and Viewpoints. His remarks signaled a pos­ barded their guests with questions about The 15-member delegation of the Commit­ sible end to 20 years of mutual isolation of "who's who" and "what's what" in Amertca. tee of Concerned Asian Scholars not only two vital and divergent societies. On March If China's culture has seemed somehow represented an organization known to op­ 15, 1971, the United States removed the last "inscrutable" to Americans, and her unique pose U.S. policies in Asia but were residents restrictions on travel to the People's Republic society somehow unfathomable, the central­ in Hong Kong when they applied and could of China (P.R.C.), and early in April came ized political system of the People's Repub­ thus discuss their interests at length with Ohina's dramatic invitation to the U.S. Table llc at least makes it clear who the respon­ P .R.C. spokesmen there. Former State De­ Tennis Team. Since then over 150 Am.eri­ sible authorities are, and with whom inter­ partment China specialist John Stewart ca.ns-----athletes, joUI'Diallsts, scientists, stu­ ested Americans must deal. The Chinese Service, who visited China in October 1971, dents, civic leaders, and official represent­ Government, particularly the quasi-official was one of four well-known Americans pub­ atives at our President--have vistted the Chinese People's Association for Friendship licly invited by Premier Chou En-lai on the People's Republic. The numbers are likely to With Foreign Countries, has been involved basis of previous residence and personal as­ grow steadily in the yea.rs ahead. in handling almost an visits by Americans sociations. Numerous Americans of Chinese We have not yet, however, entered the era thus far. origin, including Nobel Laureate Professor of "exchanges," for no groups or indiViduals Conversely, our highly pluralistic society Yang Chen-ning from the State University from the P.R.C. have made reciprocal Visilts must seem incredibly complex to officials in of New York at Stony Brook, several China to this country. Ohina's leaders have agreed Peking. How can they even begin to deal scholars, and a specialist in psycholin­ that their table tennis team will come, but with a country involving untold thousands guistics, also have been warmly received a.s no date has been set. The first arrivals from of private organizations, colleges and uni­ "overseas Chinese" visiting their homeland. Peking on our shores came not as visitors to versities, competing newspapers and media In general, it appears that China has invited, see us but rather as members of the P .R.C.'s networks, to say nothing of private busi­ or admitted, persons in whom they find some new mission to the United Nations in New nesses? China's leaders, moreover, have been basis for trust and confidence-not neces­ York. genuinely amazed by the numbers of private sarily political "allies" but simply persons If hopes are realized, it will not be many Americans wishing to visit their country. By who are likely to be "responsible" guests and years before two-way exchanges w1ll be initi­ one authoritative estimate, they have re­ ated. Whatever one's Viewpoint on China's ceived almost 300,000 individual visa appli­ not sources of embarrassment to either U.N. representation or official Washington­ cations from Americans; innumerable orga­ country. Peking relations, few people doubt that pri­ nizations, universities, and business firms At a. January 1971 Roundtable Conference vate contacts and exchange programs can have submitted proposals for exchanges and sponsored by the National (".,ommittee on 5536 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 24, 1972 U.S.-China Relations L-shortly before ping nizations has been preparing for some years become acquainted with several doctors be­ pong diplomacy opened the present erar-­ to initiate student exchange programs with fore deciding. If you are a newcomer in there was general agreement that science China and already has formally surveyed the town, the local medical society will be happy and medicine offered the best early prospect interests of its members. The InsUtute of to supply you with names of physicians, so for people-to-people relations between the International Education is similarly con­ you can make a choice. Your neighbors or United States and China. The sudden interest cerned, as is the National Association for your minister can often make helpful sug­ of Americans in China's use of acupuncture Foreign Student Affairs. The American gestions. in anesthesia and for curing deaf-mutism, Friends Service Committee has attempted for The doctor you choose may practice medi­ and her invitations to almost a dozen Ameri­ many years to develop working relationships cine alone, in a group or in a large clinic. can doctors and scientists this year, support with the P .R.C., and has proposed sending He should be a person who w111 come to know this judgment. In public health China's ef­ a diverse group of Americans to China next you and your family and be interested in forts to serve every rural and urban com­ spring. The new U.S.-China Friendship As­ your health. He w111 keep a permanent rec­ mune through local clinics and paramedical sociation, in San Francisco, encourages Amer­ ord of your medical history which may save "barefoot" doctors have captured the atten­ icans to develop a sympathetic apprecia­ duplicating many expensive and time con­ tion of many American specialists now ap­ tion of Ohina's development and an in­ suming tests, as well as having your previ­ plying to visit the P.R.C. Initially, at least, terest in reciprocal visits. Leaders of the ous tests on record to compare with those the relatively "culture free" fields of science, Committee for a New China Policy have had taken later. Knowing your background, he medicine, and technology may be more fruit­ extensive conversations about exchanges pos­ wm be better able to tell you promptly 1! any­ fill channels for people-to-people contacts sib111ties with Chinese officials in Ottawa and thing is wrong. than the fine or performing arts, or even ed­ elsewhere. The National Committee on U.S.­ Ask him about his fees. Don't be embar­ ucation, which in both countries reflect di­ China Relations, a private, a nonpartisan rassed about mentioning fees when you vergent--and controversial-political and educational organization based in New York, start going to a physician. In fact, your social values. is attempting to inform Americans about the doctor would prefer that you open the sub­ Although the Committee of Concerned exchange interests and activities of other ject, since you a.re aware of your own fi­ Asian Scholars has invited a delegation of groups concerned with China, and is co­ nancial situation and he is not. (Even If Chinese students to visit the United States, oper81ting with the U.S. Table Tennis Asso­ you've been ~ing to a particular doctor for and the invitation was accepted in principle, ciation in raising funds for, and managing, some time, if his fees bother you ask him no date has been set. Sixteen American teen­ the forthcoming visit of the Chinese Table about them. Why not be straightforward agers, led by the mother of former China Tennis Team. about it?) resident and author William Hinton, did At some stage, greater coordination of the Don't watt too long. Many people try to spend several months in China in the fall diverse efforts of American groups probably save money on medical b11ls by not seeing of 1971. But large-scale student exchanges will be needed. Whether this should involve the doctor unti they are seriously 111. This seem a long way off, and it could be many a centralized multipurpose organization, as not only defeats the purpose of preventive years before China is prepared to have its was proposed by Professor Robert Byrnes of medicine (the only sound way to preserve own young people visit our shores for pur­ the University of Indiana last year, of a your health), but it is more expensive in the poses other than table tennis competition. number of more limited operations such as long run. the International Research and Exchanges Emergencies are always more expensive, EXCHANGE PROGRAMS A UNIQUE PROBLEM Board ( esta.bllshed in 1969 to succeed the The question of exchange programs with whether with the family car, the household Inter-University Committee) that man­ plumbing or your health. And too often, the P .R.C. presents a new and unique prob­ ages scholarly exchanges wi·th the Soviet lem for Americans, not only politically but emergency repairs are only stopgaps toward Union and Eastern Europe, remains to be really solving the problem. Once a disease technically. In the late 1950's, when lines seen. Until the extent of China's interest of private communication with the Soviet process has started, it often lasts longer and both in welcoming Americans and in enabling costs more to cure. Union and Eastern Europe began to open, her people to visit the United States is bet­ Have a checkup. If you are past 85, a com­ diplomatic relations with Mosoow had been ter understood, the ad hoc pattern of 1971 established for a quarter century and many probably will continue. plete physical examination at regular inter­ means, both official and private, were avail­ vals is a good idea. It may show that you able to work out exchange agreements. To­ are in fine shape. But it could also provide day most private American organizations CUT YOUR MEDICAL EXPENSES an early warning of illness-to-come. Ob­ interested in exchanges with China simply viously, that would give your doctor a better do not know how to assess China's interests, (Mr. HALL asked and was given per­ chance to help control the problem before whom to talk to, or where to write. By all mission to extend his remarks at this it becomes serious-at less expense to your­ indications, China's Ambassador to Canada point in the REcoRD and to include per­ self. and his staff in Ottawa have speclal respon­ tinent materiaU Based on his findings, your doctor will sug­ sib111ty for surveying the American scene, gest when you should see him again for your and hundreds of Americans already have had Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, as a former next checkup. If he indicates a yearly exam fruitful conversations at the Ottawa Em­ practicing physician, prior to entering is desirable in your case, a good time to have bassy. Visa applications can be made there Congress, I have continued to interest it-as one doctor suggested to us--is on your and through the China Travel Service in myself in quality health care, and the birthday. Hong Kong. But such technical issues should needs of the individual, as well as the Go to your doctor's office. House calls are be relatively easy to resolve. The more long­ Nation as a whole. more expensive and less efficlent. Without his term, and fundamental, questions are not To that end, I have become aware that office equipment and his trained sta1f, your those of "access" to China but of maximiz­ physician is less able to make a really good ing the opportunities that emerge. What medical, hospital, and allied costs, like examination. (Of course, chronically 111, con­ fields will offer the greatest mutual benefit other living expense, have increased fined patients can be seen only at home.) to both countries in the long run? How can along with increased demands for serv­ When you catch a bad cold, suffer a we prepare ourselves to understand the China ice. Therefore, I think the following in­ stomach pain or otherwise beoome 111, your we might visit? What is required for us to be formation on how to cut medical ex­ doctor can give you better ca.re in his office-­ receptive and intelligent hosts? Just as China penses is not only timely, but good health at less expense. Except in unusual cases, 1s attempting to learn about America and practice: there is little danger ln transporting a our myriad organizations, how can we pre­ patient. Today's highways and comfortable pare to handle future exchanges at our end? CUT YoUR MEDICAL EXPENSES cars have brought almost everyone within Many organizations already are making The price you pay for medical care-like minutes of good medical treatment. plans. The Oommittee on Scholarly Com­ most other living expenses-has been rising Use the telephone. This will save you money munication With the People's Republic of in recent years. The Bureau of Labor Statis­ and it makes medical sense. A family doctor China, established in 1966 by the American tics estimates a typical family with two chil­ who has examined you regularly is familiar Councll of Learned Societies, the Social dren paid about $564 in medical bills in 1970. with your health history. Consequently, he Science Research Council, and the National Five years earlier, such a famlly would have can frequently advise you over the phone Academy of Sciences (NAS), is attempting paid about $468. regarding minor health problems. - to encourage and coordinate the interests stm, there are a number of common­ For anything that seems to be serious, he of scholars in various fields; the new In­ sense ways you can s-t-r-e-t-c-h your medi­ wm likely ask you to come to his office to be stitute of Medicine (within the NAS) has cal dollar. At the same time, you wUl be examined. If he's busy with appointments proposed a systematic study of medical in­ buying better protection for yourself and during office hours, he will call you later dur­ novations in China, which would include your family. ing the period he sets aside for telephone sending a delegation of specialists there. Have a family doctor. Choose him care­ consultations. The Council for International Educational fully-for his reputation in the commu­ Follow your doctor's orders. You'd be sur­ Exchange, a New York-based federation of nity, the type of practice he has developed, prised how many don't. Maybe that includes 165 American colleges and educational orga- and his availabllity. Does he have staff priv­ you. Have you ever been told to take off a ileges at a hospital nearby? Above all, are few pounds and get more exercise? Did you do 1 A report of the meeting is available from you comfortable with him and trust his judg­ it? the National Committee, 777 United Nations ment? If you don't follow the expert advice you Plaza, 9-B, New York, N.Y. 10017. As a wise shopper, you'll probably want to solicit and pay for, you might just as well February 24, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 5537 toss your money (and possibly your health) ward that end that I introduce this reso­ Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep­ down the drain. lution. resentatives of the United States of America Don't waste your money on "quack, cures. Optimist International has sponsored in Congress assembled, That the 7-day period The American Medical Association estimates beginning November 13, 1972, is hereby desig­ that Americans waste more than $2 billion Youth Appreciation Week since 1954. nated as Youth Appreciation Week, and the each year on quacks and quack products. This observance has been held annually President is requested to issue a proclama­ When in doubt, ask your physician. It will starting the second week in November. tion calling upon the people of the United cost you less and it's safer in the long run. The concept started in North Carolina States to observe such week with appropriate Buy enough health insurance. Health in­ by a small group of Optimists and has ceremonies and aativities. surance is a bargain, considering the shat­ grown to an important event in the pro­ tering effect that prolonged illness or injury gram of the majority of the 3,000 Opti­ I trust that this resolution will be con­ can have on family finances. Many people sidered promptly and favorably by the insure themselves-unwisely-against minor mist clubs. The States' objectives are: House Committee on the Judiciary and expenses they could pay themselves, while To recognize the accomplishments of that it will then be adopted by the Con­ failing to secure adequate coverage for ma­ youth in home, school, and community; gress and presented to the President and jor illness and hospital bills. To promote active participation by all that he will issue the proclamation called Roughly 8 or 9 people in 10 are covered members of families in activities involv­ for in-hospital visits by their doctor. Fewer for, just as was done with respect to the ing the family as a unit; and to encour­ resolution last year, to the end that the than half of all Americans are covered for age parents to rededicate themselves to doctors' home or office visits, for the drugs Youth Appreciation Week program may he might prescribe, or for the nursing serv­ the responsibilities of parenthood; be continued after getting off to such an ices that might be necessary. To encourage organizations and other auspicious start in 1971. For best economy, buy as much insurance groups to publicly show their respect for as you can afford. But if you have to choose, youth; protect yourself and your family first against To encourage the news media to rec- SOCIAL SECURITY INCREASE the expenses of serious illness. ognize the accomplishments and con- be determined), Mr. ScoTT. Not avallable. Mr. CHAMBERLAIN in two instances. nels. Batley bridge material (survey currently 35. Substantial additional voluntary con­ under way), Not avallable. Mr. HALPERN. tributions, In cash and in kind, wlll be ur­ Raw xnaterials---cotton, 80,000 bales. Mr. HANSEN of Idaho. gently required if the United Nations re­ General operational requirements $1 936 - Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. lief operation is to continue its humani­ 000. • • ' Mr. BRAY in three instances. tarian activities. As indicated above, plan­ N.B. No provision has been made in the ning by the United Nations is well under Mr. ROUSSELOT. foregoing for any supplies that may be di­ (The following Members use on the State of the Union. H.R. 13374. A bill to provide rellef to cer­ deductions from his benefits; to the Com­ Mr. BURTON: Committee on Interior and tain individuals 62 years of age and over mittee on Ways and Means. Insular Affairs. S. 860. An act relating to the who own or rent their homes, through in­ By Mr. DELANEY: Trust Territory of the Pacific Island; with come tax credits and refunds; to the Com­ H.R. 13386. A bill to provide for the issu­ amendments (Rept. No. 92-852). Referred to mittee on Ways and Means. ance of special immigrant visas to certain the Committee of the Whole House on the H.R .. 13375. A btll to establish Federal nationals of Northern Ireland; to the Com­ State of the Union. reinsurance and portability programs to pro­ mittee on the Judiciary. Mr. STAGGERS: Committee on Interstate tect employees in the enjoyment of certain By Mr. DORN: and Foreign Commerce. Senate Joint Reso­ rights under private pension plans; to the H".R. 13387. A bill to meet the special finan­ lution 190. Joint resolution to provide for Committee on Ways and Means. cial burdens on school districts which have -an extension of the term of the Commission H.R. 13376. A bill to provide a comprehen­ been required to bus pupils by the courts or on the Bankruptcy Laws of the United States, sive program of employment services and by the Department of Health, Education, and and for other purposes; with amendments opportunities for middle-aged and older Welfare; to the Committee on .Education and (Rept. No. 92-853) . Referred to the Com­ Americans; to the Committee on Education Labor. mittee of the Whole House on the State of and Labor. By Mr. EDWARDS of California: the Union. H.R. 13377. A blll to amend the Urban Mass H.R. 13388 .. A bill to amend section 612 of Mr. STAGGERS: Committee on Interstate Transportation Act o! 1964 to authorize title 38, United States Code, to authorize and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 11416. A bill grants and loans to private nonprofit or­ the establishment of residential halfway to amend the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 ganizations to assist them in providing houses for the treatment of drug-dependent to provide for the regulation of rates and transportation service meeting the special veterans and permit, incidental to their practices of air carriers and foreign air car­ needs of elderly and handicapped persons; treatment, the necessary treatment of the riers in foreign air transportation, and for to the Committee on Banking and Cur­ drug-dependent spouse of a drug-dependent other purposes; with amendments (Rept. rency. veteran; to the Committee on Veterans• Af­ No. 92-854). Referred to the Conunlttee of By Mr. ANDERSON of Tennessee: fairs. the Whole House on the State of the Union. H.R. 13378. A blll to amend the Conunu­ By Mr. FORSYTHE: Mr. STAGGERS: Committee on Interstate nications Act of 1934 to establish orderly H.R. 13389. A bill to amend section 702 of and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 11384. A bill to procedures for the consideration of applica­ the Housing and Urban Development Act of extend the act of September 30, 1965, relat­ tions of renewal of broadcast licenses; to the 1965 to permit water and sewer grants to be ing to high-speed ground transportation, by Committee on Interstate and Foreign made thereunder even though no coordi­ enlarging the authori-ty of the Secretary to Commerce. nated areawide water or sewer facilities pro- CXVIII--35Q-Part 6 5542 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1972 gram is being planned or completed, in the By Mr. NICHOLS: H.R. 13410. A blll to amend section 6302 of case of a project which otherwise qualifies H.R. 13399. A bill to amend the Nrutional the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 with re­ 'for such a grant, if there is an urgent need Trails System Act to authorize a feasibllity spect to the deposit of certain employment for the facilities involved; to the Committee study rela tlng to the Bartram Trail in Ala­ taxes by small employers; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. bama; to the Committee on Interior and on Ways and Means. By Mr. FRASER: Insular Affairs. By Mr. SAYLOR (for himself, Mr. H.R. 1339{). A bill to strengthen and im­ By Mr. O'HARA (for himself and Mrs. BLANTON, Mr. BROYHILL of Virgin1a, prove the Older Americans Act of 1965; to the CHISHOLM, Mrs. GRASSO, Mr. BADILLO, and Mr. GooDLING): Committee on Education and Labor. and Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey): H.R.13411. A blll to amend the Federal By Mr. GUDE (for himself, Mrs. H.R. 134{)0. A blll to amend the Farm Labor Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to include a ABZUG, Mr. Dow, Mr. FORSYTHE, and Contractor Registration Act of 1963, and for definition of "food supplements," and for Mr. CORMAN) : other purposes; to the Committee on Educa­ other purposes; to the Committee on Inter­ H.R. 13391. A bill to provide for a study and tion and Labor. state and Foreign Commerce. investigation to assess the extent of the By Mr. O'KONSKI: By Mr. THOMSON of Wisconsin: damage done to the environment of South H.R. 13401. A blll to amend the Federal H.R. 13412. A bill to provide additional Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia as the result Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41) to pro­ panelaties for the use of firearms in the com­ of operrutions of the Armed Forces of the vide that under certain circumstances ex­ mission of certain crimes of violence; to the United States in such countries, and to con­ clusive territorial arrangements shall not be Committee on the Judiciary. sider plans 'for effectively rectifying such deemed unlawful; to the Committee on In­ By Mr. WAMPLER (for himself, Mr. damage; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. terata te and Foreign Commerce. DOWNING, Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. By Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT: By Mr. PEPPER: SATTERFIELD, Mr. ABBITT, Mr. DANIEL H.R. 13392. A bill to repeal the Gun Con­ H.R. 134{)2. A bill to amend the Economic of Virgin1a, Mr. POFF, Mr. ROBINSON trol Act of 1968, to reenact the Federal Fire­ Opportunity Act of 1964 to provide a com­ of Virginia, Mr. ScoTT, and Mr. arms Act, to make the use of a firearm to prehensive child-development program; to BROYHILL of Virginia): commit certain felon1es a Federal crime the Committee on Education and Labor. H.R. 13413. A bill to proVide for the estab­ where that use violates State law, and for H.R. 134{)3. A bill to amend the Civil Serv­ lishment and operation of a research center at Blacksburg, Va.; to the Committee on other purposes; to the Committee on the ice Retirement Act to increase from 2 to 2~ Interior and Insular Affairs. Judiciary. percent the retirement multiplication factor H.R. 13393. A bill to amend title 38, United used in computing annuities of certain em­ By Mr. CARTER: States Code, in order to permit certain veter­ ployees engaged in hazardous duties; to the H.J. Res.1079. Joint resolution to proclaim ans up to 9 months of educational assistance Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. the last Friday in April as "Arbor Day"; to the Committee on the Judiciary. for the purpose of pursuing retraining or re­ H.R. 13404. A blll to amend the age and fresher courses; to the Committee on Vet­ service requirements for immediate retire­ By Mr. JONAS: H.J. Res. 1080. Joint resolution providing erans' Affairs. ment under subchapter ni of chapter 83 of By Mr. KYROS: title 5, Un1ted States Code, and for other pur­ for the observance of "Youth Appreciation H.R. 13394. A bill to provide for the estab­ poses; to the Committee on Post Office and Week" during the 7-day period beginning lishment of an Office for the Aging in the November 13, 1972; to the Committee on the Civil Service. Judiciary. Executive Office of the President, for the H.R. 13405. A bill to include firefighters fulfillment of the purposes of the Older By Mr. KEITH: within the provisions of section 8336(c) of H. Res. 845. Resolution expressing the Americans Act, for enlarging the scope of title 5, United States Code, relating to the that act, and for uther purposes; to the Com­ sense of the House of Respresentatives relat­ retirement of Government employees engaged ing to the situation in Northern Ireland; to mittee on Education and Labor. in certain hazardous occupations; to the the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. LANDRUM (for himself, Mr. Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. FLYNT, Mr. BRINKLEY, Mr. STEPHENS, By Mr. REID: H.R. 13406. A bill to require that an addi­ H. Res. 846. Resolution calling for peace Mr. MATHIS of Georgia, Mr. DAVIS tional $4 per month (refiecting post-1970 of Georgia, and Mr. STUCKEY): in Northern Ireland and the establishment across-the-board increases in social security of a united Ireland; to the Committee on H.R. 13395. A bill to extend for an addi­ and railroad retirement benefits) be passed tional year certain provisions of the Uni­ Foreign Affairs. along to public assistance recipients, either By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: form Relocation .c\SSistance and Real Prop­ by disregarding such amount in determining erty Acquisition Policies Act of 1970; to the H. Res. 847. Resolution providing for the their need or otherwise; to the Committee on expenses incurred pursuant to House Resolu­ Comm1ttee on Public Works. Ways and Means. tion 213; to the Committee on House Ad­ By Mr. McDADE (for himself, Mr. By Mr. POWELL: Dow, Mr. RooNEY of Pennsylvania, ministration. H.R. 13407. A bill to amend the Occupa­ H. Res. 848. Resolution authorizing the ex­ and Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey): t ional Safety and Health Act of 1970 to re­ H.R. 13396. A bill to authorize an increase penditure of certain funds for the expenses quire the Secretary of Labor to recognize the of the Committee on Internal Securi~ty; to in land acquisition funds for the Delaware difference in hazards to employees between the Committee on House Administration. National Recreation Area, and for other pur­ t he heavy construction industry and the light poses; to the Committee on Interior and residential construction industry; to the Insular Affairs. Committee on Education and Labor. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. McKINNEY: By Mr. REID: H.R. 13397. A bill to amend the Fair Pack­ Under clause 1 of rule XXIr, private aging and Labeling Act to provide for the H.R. 13408. A blll to provide for the con­ t inuation of programs authorized under the bills and resolutions were introduced and establishment of national standards for nu­ severally referred as followfl: tritional labeling of food commodities; to the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, and for other Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ purposes; to the Committee on Education By Mr. ARCHER: and Labor. merce. H.R. 13414. A bill for the relief of the estate By Mr. MIKVA: By Mr. SAYLOR: of Malcolm Gresham; to the Committee on H.R. 13398. A bill to provide for Federal H.R. 13409. A blll to relieve veterans of the Judiciary. grants to States which equalize expenditures liability upon default or disposal of property By Mr. FULTON: for public elf'lment ary and secondary schools, obtained with a loan made, guaranteed, or H.R. 13415. A bill for the rellef of the An­ to bring about a reduction in local real :grop­ insured under chapter 37 of title 38, United drew Jackson Lodge No. 5, Fraternal Order erty taxes; to the Committee on Education States Code; to the Committee on Veterans' of Police, of Nashville, Tenn.; to the Commit­ and Labor. Affairs. tee on Public Works.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

CZECHOSLOVAKIA lines for a few days and then receded into any of the other parties received and the the history books. It is therefore neces­ Communists got 114 of the 300 seats in sary to pause occasionally during our dis­ the constituent assembly and a new coa­ HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI cussions of current events and review lition cabinet was formed by Klement OF ILLINOIS what went on in past years. Gottwald, the Communist leader. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Of especial interest today is the coup On February 25, 1948, after the Com­ Thursday, February 24, 1972 d'etat that took place 24 years ago in munists had inflltrated most of the Gov­ Czechoslovakia. The stage for it had ernment services as well as the trade Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, as been set 2 years earlier, when the elec­ unions, Premier Gottwald, backed by the events follow each other with bewilder­ tion held on May 26, 1946, gave the Soviet Union, was in a position to seize ing rapidity, one finds it difficult to Communists 2. 7 million votes out of a power. President Eduard Benes was com­ remember many of the important oc­ total of 7.1 million. While a good deal pelled to accept an ultimatum issued by currences that have captured the head- short of a majority, this was more than the Communist leader and Communists