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CHINESE SCIENCE ABSTRACTS (Monthly, Established in 2006) Vol. 12 No. 5, 2017 (Sum No. 131) Published on May 15, 2017 Competent Authority: China Association for Science and Technology Supporting Organization: Contents
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（英文版） CHINESE SCIENCE ABSTRACTS 第 卷 第 期（总第 期） 年 月 日出版 （月刊， 年创刊） 12 5 131 2017 5 15 2006
主管 中国科学技术协会 支持单位 中国科协学会学术部 目 次 主办 科技导报社
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Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic
Nuclear Power
·Editor’s Note·
Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release slightly ahead of the United States (20%). Following a nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is major earthquake, a 15-metre tsunami disabled the power then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a supply and cooling of three Fukushima Daiichi reactors, nuclear power plant. According to IAEA, since 2012, causing a nuclear accident on 11 March 2011. It can be China has been the country with the largest installed power seen that nuclear power has obvious advantages, but how capacity, and it has increased this by 14% since then to to ensure its safety is also a common concern. reach 1245 GWe in 2014, or 21% of global capacity,
·Data Rankings·
By March 14, 2017, according to China Knowledge ‘nuclear power’ are 821 and 7166 respectively. The Resource Integrated Database (CNKI) and Web of Science number of published papers of institution, author, journal, (WOS), the numbers of journal papers by retrieving and cited frequency are as follows.
Number of Published Papers of Institution in CNKI Number of Published Papers of Institution in WOS
Institution Number of Papers Institution Number of Papers
China General Nuclear Power Corporation 46 United States Department of Energy 216 China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Ltd 29 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 132 Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and 23 Russian Academy of Sciences 104 Design Institute National Research Centre Kurchatov Nuclear Power Institute of China 20 98 Institute Korea Advanced Institute of Science Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center 19 96 Technology
(Sources: CNKI, Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-14)
Number of Published Papers of Author in CNKI Number of Published Papers of Author in WOS
Author Institution Number of Papers Author Number of Papers ZHANG China National Nuclear Corporation 5 Anonymous 159 Lu-qing Shanghai Electric Nuclear Power LI Shuang-yan 4 Seong, PH 43 Equipment Co., Ltd. WANG Electric Power Construction 4 Park, J 32 Hong-dong Corporation ZHANG China Institute of Nuclear Information 4 Margulova, TK 29 Rui-ping and Economics Shanghai Electric Nuclear Power LUO Cheng 4 Orlov, VV 27 Equipment Co., Ltd. China Institute of Nuclear Information ZHANG Xue 4 and Economics
(Sources: CNKI, Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-14)
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Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017
Number of Published Papers of Journal in CNKI Number of Published Papers of Journal in WOS
Journal Number of Papers Journal Number of Papers
China Nuclear Power 32 Nuclear Engineering and Design 516
Standard Measurement and Quality of Nuclear 23 Atomic Energy 476
Nuclear Science and Engineering 17 Thermal Engineering 230
Nuclear Power Engineering 28 Soviet Atomic Energy 199
China Nuclear Industry 23 Nuclear Technology 172
(Sources: CNKI, Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-14)
According to CNKI, highly cited papers by retrieving ‘nuclear power’ are as follows.
Highly Cited Papers in CNKI Citation Title First Author Source Frequency
The status and research development of nuclear World Sci-Tech R & D, 2007, 29(5): 38 CHEN Wei power technology 81-86
China Metalforming Equipment & Development of manufacture technology for main 35 PAN Pin-li Manufacturing Technology, pipe of large-sized nuclear power 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅2011, 1: 13-17 Earthquake Engineering and A prospective study on applicability of base 28 XIE Li-li Engineering Dynamics, isolation in nuclear power plants 2012, 32(1): 1-10
Development of nuclear power industry and its Corrosion & Protection, 27 YANG Wu demands on corrosion protection technology 1997, 18(3): 3-7
Status and development tactics for key technology Nuclear Power Engineering, 21 of digitized instrument and control system for YANG Qi 2002, 23(A02): 66-69 nuclear power plant
China Metalforming Equipment & Technical development of low-pressure rotor in 20 LIU Xin Manufacturing Technology, nuclear turbine 2009, 44(3): 13-18
Development tendency of the world’s nuclear Power Equipment, 2007, 21(5): 20 power generating technique and appraisal of OU Yang-yu 325-331 the 3rd generation’s achievement
(Source: CNKI; Retrieval date: 2017-03-14)
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Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic
According to Web of Science, highly cited papers by retrieving ‘nuclear power’ are as follows.
Highly Cited Papers in WOS
Citation Title First Author Source Frequency
Search for neutrino oscillations on a long Apollonio, M The European Physical Journal 834 base-line at the CHOOZ nuclear power station C-Particles and Fields, 2003, 27(3): 331-374
Preliminary estimation of release amounts of 131I and 137Cs accidentally discharged from the Journal of Nuclear Science and 350 Chino, M Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into Technology, 2011, 48(7): 1129-1134 theatmosphere
Nuclear-powered millisecond pulsars and the 262 Chakrabarty, D Nature, 2003, 424(6944): 42-44 maximum spin frequency of neutron stars
Neutrino-oscillation experiments at the Gösgen Physical Review D, 1986, 34(9): 205 Zacek, G nuclear power reactor 2621-2636
Xenon-133 and caesium-137 releases into the atmosphere from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 176 Stohl, A power plant: Determination of the source term, 2012, 12(5): 2313-2343 atmospheric dispersion, and deposition
Impacts of the Fukushima《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 nuclear power plants Environmental Science & 174 Buesseler, K on marine radioactivity Technology, 2011, 45(23): 9931-9935
Study of reactor antineutrino interaction with Physics Letters B, 1994, 338(2-3): 133 Declais, Y proton at Bugey nuclear power plant 383-389
Remote material analysis of nuclear power Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic 115 station steam generator tubes by laser-induced Whitehouse, AI Spectroscopy, 2001, 56(6): 821-830 breakdown spectroscopy
Depth distribution of 137Cs, 134Cs, and 131I in Journal of Environmental 107 soil profile after Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Kato, H Radioactivity, 2011, 111(S1): 59-64 Power Plant Accident
Search of neutrino magnetic moments with Physical Review D, 2007, 75(1): 101 a high-purity germanium detector at the Wong, HT 012001 Kuo-Sheng nuclear power station
(Source: Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-14)
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Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017
·Classic Papers· By using Histcite to analyze the top 50 papers of LCS (Local Citation Score) based on the data from Web of Science, the chosen classic papers are as follows.
Local Classical Papers
Number Title First Author Source Potential application of neural networks to the 1 Uhrig, RE Nuclear Safety, 1991, 32(1): 68-79 operation of nuclear power plants Nuclear power plant status diagnostics using an The Lancet, 2013, 381(9881): 2 Bartlett, EB artificial neural network 1916-1925 Abnormal event identification in nuclear power Nuclear Technology, 1993, 101(2): 3 plants using a neural network and knowledge Ohga, Y 159-167 processing Error prediction for a nuclear power plant Nuclear Technology, 1994, 108(2): 4 Kim, K fault-diagnostic advisor using neural networks 283-297 Survey of artificial intelligence methods for detection Nuclear Technology, 1977, 119(1): 5 and identification of component faults in nuclear Reifman, J 76-97 power plants
Potential application of neural networks Nuclear power plant status diagnostics using an to the operation of nuclear power plants artificial neural network Uhrig,《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 RE Bartlett, EB; Uhrig, RE Abstract: The application of neural networks, a rapidly Abstract: In this work, nuclear power plant operating evolving technology used extensively in defense applications, status recognition is investigated using a self-optimizing to some of the problems of operating nuclear power plants stochastic learning algorithm artificial neural network is a logical complement to the expert systems currently (ANN) with dynamic node architecture learning. The being introduced in some of those plants. The potential objective is to train the ANN to classify selected applications of neural networks include, but are not limited nuclear power plant accident conditions and assess the to: Diagnosing specific abnormal conditions. Identifying potential for future success in this area. The network is nonlinear dynamics and transients. Detecting the change of trained on normal operating conditions as well as on mode of operation. Controlling temperature and pressure potentially unsafe conditions based on nuclear power during start-up. Validating signals. Plant-wide monitoring plant training simulator-generated accident scenarios. using autoassociative neural networks. Monitoring of check These scenarios include hot-and cold-leg loss of coolant, valves. Modeling the plant thermodynamics to increase control rod ejection, total loss of off-site power, main efficiency. Emulating core reload calculations. Analyzing steamline break, main feed water line break, and steam temporal sequences in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory generator tube leak accidents as well as the normal Commission Licensee Event Reports. Monitoring plant operating condition. Findings show that ANNs can be parameters. Analyzing vibrations in plants and rotating used to diagnose and classify nuclear power plant machinery. The work on such applications indicates that conditions with good results. Continued research work is neural networks alone, or in conjunction with other indicated. advanced technologies, have the potential to enhance the Keywords: artificial neural network; fault diagnosis; safety, reliability, and operability of nuclear power plants. nuclear power plant safety Source: Nuclear Safety, 1991, 32(1): 68-79 Source: The Lancet, 2013, 381(9881): 1916-1925
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Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic
Abnormal event identification in nuclear power The data used in the development of the advisor contain ten plants using a neural network and simulated anomalies for the San Onofre Nuclear Power knowledge processing Generating Station. The stacked generalization approach is Ohga, Y; Seki, H used with two different partitioning schemes. The results of Abstract: The combination of a neural network and these partitioning schemes are compared. It is shown that knowledge processing have been used to identify abnormal the advisor is capable of recognizing all ten anomalies events that cause a reactor to scram in a nuclear power while providing estimated error bounds on each of its plant. The neural network recognizes the abnormal event diagnoses. from the change pattern of analog data for state variables, Keywords: artificial neural networks; stacked and this result is confirmed from digital data using a generalization; verification and validation knowledge base of plant status when each event occurs. Source: Nuclear Technology, 1994, 108(2): 283-297 The event identification method is tested using test data based on simulated results of a transient analysis program Survey of artificial intelligence methods for for boiling water reactors. It is confirmed that a neural detection and identification of component network can identify an event in which it has been trained faults in nuclear power plants even when the plant conditions, such as fuel burnup, differ Reifman, J from those used in the training and when the analog data Abstract: A comprehensive survey of computer-based contain white noise. The network does not mistakenly systems that apply artificial intelligence methods to detect identify the nontrained event as a trained one. The method and identify component faults in nuclear power plants is is feasible for event identification, and knowledge presented. Classification criteria are established that processing improves the reliability of the identification. categorize artificial intelligence diagnostic systems Keywords: neural network; abnormal event identification; according to the types of computing approaches used (e.g., operation support 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅computing tools, computer languages, and shell and Source: Nuclear Technology, 1993, 101(2): 159-167 simulation programs), the types of methodologies employed (e.g., types of knowledge, reasoning and inference Error prediction for a nuclear power plant mechanisms, and diagnostic approach), and the scope of fault-diagnostic advisor using neural networks the system. The major issues of process diagnostics and Kim, K; Bartlett, EB computer-based diagnostic systems are identified and Abstract: The objective of this research is to develop a cross-correlated with the various categories used for fault-diagnostic advisor for nuclear power plant transients classification. Ninety-five publications are reviewed. that is based on artificial neural networks. A method is Keywords: artificial intelligence; nuclear power plants; described that provides an error bound and therefore a diagnosis figure of merit for the diagnosis provided by this advisor. Source: Nuclear Technology, 1977, 119(1): 76-97
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Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017
·Highly Cited Papers·
Citation frenquency: 38 cost. It is also emphasized that there are still a number of The status and research development of nuclear bottle-neck problems in base-isolation to be solved to power technology receive the acceptance from the NPP industry and CHEN Wei; ZHANG Jun; LI Gui-ju regulatory for deployment in the NPPs. Abstract: This paper summarizes the newest development Keywords: seismic base isolation; nuclear power industry; status of global nuclear power. Then the Generation Ⅲ and nuclear power plant; quality-guarantee and quality-control; Ⅳ technology development tendency in the world is also beyond design ground-motion presented and the prospect for nuclear fusion power Source: Earthquake Engineering and Engineering generation is given at last. Dynamics, 2012, 32(1): 1-10 Keywords: nuclear power; Generation Ⅲ; Generation Ⅳ; nuclear fusion; research and development Citation frenquency: 27 Source: World Sci-Tech R & D, 2007, 29(5): 81-86 Development of nuclear power industry and its demands on corrosion protection technology Citation frenquency: 35 YANG Wu Development of manufacture technology for main Abstract: The tendency of development of nuclear power pipe of large-sized nuclear power industry in China and in the world is outlined from the point PAN Pin-li; ZHONG Yue-xian; MA Qing-xian; et al. of view of the needs in energy. The spectific requirements Abstract: The development of material and forming on R and D of corrosion science and protection technology technology for the main pipe has been studied in the text. in nuclear power plants using various types of reactor, with As per requirements for the integrated forging technology the emphasis on PWR, are briefly discussed. of the AP1000 main pipe, the development status and Keywords: nuclear power industry; corrosion science prospects for the study of《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 the integrated manufacturing protection technology technology for the main pipe in and out of China have been Source: Corrosion & Protection, 1997, 18(3): 3-7 introduced in details. Keywords: integrated forging; main pipe of nuclear power; Citation frenquency: 21 process development; overviews Status and development tactics for key technology Source: China Metalforming Equipment & Manufacturing of digitized instrument and control system for Technology, 2011, (1): 13-17 nuclear power plant YANG Qi Citation frenquency: 28 Abstract: The research of nuclear power plant digitized A prospective study on applicability of base instrument and control system (IC) in foreign countries has isolation in nuclear power plants been achieved remarkable success, but China has just XIE Li-li; ZHAI Chang-hai started the research in that field. The research results has Abstract: This paper is to review the present-status of been developed by Nuclear Power Institute of China (NPIC) application of seismic base isolation in nuclear power plant adopting mature industry control technologies and facilities. (NPP), discuss the related issues of applicability of this These results include the prototypes of the digitized reactor technology to NNP structures characterized by the protection system and the digitized reactor control system, particular importance, special sensitivity and very the platform used for the advance control room, the complicated configuration, and look into the prospect of high-precision real-time simulator for the nuclear steam NPP provided with the seismic base isolation. It is pointed supply system, and the related 17 computer software. out that the base isolation is a mature technology that can Through these development activities, research experience benefit the NPP in resisting the potential severe earthquake is accumulated, conditions for international cooperation
and facilitating the standardization of NPP design and is achieved. This also set enhanced technology basis for construction, as well as reducing the initial and life-cycle realizing self -reliance of nuclear power plant digitized
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Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic instrument and control system (IC). source and detector, the calibration methods and stability Keywords: nuclear power plant; digitized; instrument and checks, the event reconstruction procedures and the Monte control system Carlo simulation. The data analysis, systematic effects and Source: Nuclear Power Engineering, 2002, 23(A02): 66-69 the methods used to reach our conclusions are fully discussed. Some new remarks are presented on the Citation frenquency: 20 deduction of the confidence limits and on the correct Technical development of low-pressure rotor in treatment of systematic errors. nuclear turbine Source: The European Physical Journal C-Particles and LIU Xin; ZHONG Yue-xian; MA Qing-xian; et al. Fields, 2003, 27(3): 331-374 Abstract: The development status and future trend of the key component materials for low-pressure rotor in nuclear Citation frenquency: 350 turbine have been introduced briefly in the text, and its Preliminary estimation of release amounts of 131I forming and manufacturing technology have been described. and 137Cs accidentally discharged from the Keywords: forging process; heavy forgings; nuclear Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant power；overview into theatmosphere Source: China Metalforming Equipment & Manufacturing Chino, M; Nakayama, H; Nagai, H; et al. Technology, 2009, 44(3): 13-18 Abstract: The initial estimation of release amounts of 131I and 137Cs accidentally discharged from the Fukushima Citation frenquency: 20 Daiichi Nuclear power plant into the atmosphere is Development tendency of the world’s nuclear presented. For the source term estimation, environmental power generating technique and appraisal monitoring data on air concentrations of iodine and cesium of the 3rd generation’s achievement were mainly used. The System for Prediction of Environ- OU Yang-yu mental Emergency Dose Information (SPEEDI) network Abstract: A concise review of the《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 couse of development system) operated by MEXT was used for calculating air and future prospects of the world's nuclear power concentrations and dose rates. The simulation results were generation technique is presented, together with an furnished from NSC for the purpose of the source term elucidation of international requirements, concerning estimation. To estimate the total amounts of 131I and 137Cs nuclear power sets of the third generation, in respect to discharged into the atmosphere, the ‘Duration’ is roughly safety and economy, as well as measures taken for meeting estimated by assuming that the release with a certain these requirements. Explained in addition is the AP1000 release rate continued from/to the middle times between water cooled reactor of the third generation, and the special released times of sampled air. features of safety design measures, for preventing or Keywords: release amounts; 131I; 137Cs; atmosphere; mitigating consequences of serious accidents. A plan for Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant; accident; developing nuclear energy systems of the fourth generation monitoring data; air concentrations; atmospheric is also mentioned, with a schema of its realization, and dispersion simulation; SPEEDI; WSPEEDI-II developmental work to be done in this country. Source: Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2011, Keywords: energy and power engineering; nuclear power 48(7): 1129-1134 technique; tendency of development; appraisal Source: Power Equipment, 2007, 21(5): 325-331 Citation frenquency: 262 Nuclear-powered millisecond pulsars and the Citation frenquency: 834 maximum spin frequency of neutron stars Search for neutrino oscillations on a long base-line Chakrabarty, D; Morgan, EH; Muno, MP; et al. at the CHOOZ nuclear power station Abstract: Millisecond pulsars are neutron stars that are Apollonio, M; Baldini, A; Bemporad, C ; et al. thought to have been spun-up by mass accretion from a Abstract: This final article about the CHOOZ experiment stellar companion. It is not known whether there is a presents a complete description of the (v) over bar (e) natural brake for this process, or if it continues until the
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Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 centrifugal breakup limit is reached at submillisecond parameters are Δm2<0.019 eV2 (90% C.L.) for maximum periods. Many neutron stars that are accreting mass from a mixing and sin22θ<0.21 (90% C.L.) for Δm2>5 eV2. companion star exhibit thermonuclear X-ray bursts that last Source: Physical Review D, 1986, 34(9): 2621-2636 tens of seconds, caused by unstable nuclear burning on their surfaces. Millisecond-period brightness oscillations Citation frenquency: 176 during bursts from ten neutron stars (as distinct from other Xenon-133 and caesium-137 releases into the rapid X-ray variability that is also observed) are thought to atmosphere from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear measure the stellar spin, but direct proof of a rotational power plant: Determination of the source term, origin has been lacking. Here we report the detection of atmospheric dispersion, and deposition burst oscillations at the known spin frequency of an Stohl, A; Seibert, P; Wotawa, G; et al. accreting millisecond pulsar, and we show that these Abstract: On 11 March 2011, an earthquake occurred oscillations always have the same rotational phase. This about 130 km off the Pacific coast of Japan’s main island firmly establishes burst oscillations as nuclear-powered Honshu, followed by a large tsunami. The resulting loss of pulsations tracing the spin of accreting neutron stars, electric power at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power corroborating earlier evidence. The distribution of spin plant developed into a disaster causing massive release of frequencies of the 11 nuclear-powered pulsars cuts off well radioactivity into the atmosphere. In this study, we below the breakup frequency for most neutron-star models, determine the emissions into the atmosphere of two supporting theoretical predictions that gravitational isotopes, the noble gas xenon-133 (133Xe) and the radiation losses can limit accretion torques in spinning up aerosol-bound caesium-137 (137Cs), which have very millisecond pulsars. different release characteristics as well as behavior in the Source: Nature, 2003, 424(6944): 42-44 atmosphere. To determine radionuclide emissions as a function of height and time until 20 April, we made a first Citation frenquency: 205 guess of release rates based on fuel inventories and Neutrino-oscillation experiments《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 at the Gösgen documented accident events at the site. This first guess was nuclear power reactor subsequently improved by inverse modeling, which Zacek, G; Vonfeilitzsch, F; Mossbauer, RL; et al. combined it with the results of an atmospheric transport Abstract: A search for neutrino oscillations has been model, FLEXPART, and measurement data from several conducted at the 2800-MW (thermal) nuclear power reactor dozen stations in Japan, North America and other regions. in Gösgen (Switzerland), providing 5×1020 electron We used both atmospheric activity concentration antineutrinos per second. The energy spectrum of the measurements as well as, for 137Cs, measurements of bulk antineutrinos was measured at three distances, 37.9, 45.9, deposition. Regarding 133Xe, we find a total release of 15.3 and 64.7 m, from the reactor core. The detection of the (uncertainty range 12.2-18.3) EBq, which is more than ＿ + neutrinos is based on the reaction νe+p→e +n. Roughly twice as high as the total release from Chernobyl and likely 104 antineutrinos were registered at each of the three the largest radioactive noble gas release in history. The measuring positions. The measured spectra are analyzed in entire noble gas inventory of reactor units 1-3 was set free terms of a two-neutrino oscillation model and the results into the atmosphere between 11 and 15 March 2011. In are represented as exclusion plots for the oscillation fact, our release estimate is higher than the entire estimated parameters Δm2 and sin22θ. Two analyses are performed: 133Xe inventory of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power Analysis A relies exclusively on the data measured at the plant, which we explain with the decay of iodine-133 three different distances; analysis B combines the (half-life of 20.8 h) into 133Xe. There is strong evidence measured data with additional information, in particular that the 133Xe release started before the first active venting with the reactor antineutrino spectrum as derived from was made, possibly indicating structural damage to reactor independent β-spectroscopic measurements. Both analyses components and/or leaks due to overpressure which would show that the data are consistent with the absence of have allowed early release of noble gases. For 137Cs, the neutrino oscillations, and rule out large regions of inversion results give a total emission of 36.6 (20.1-53.1) parameters (Δm2, θ). The resulting limits on the oscillation PBq, or about 43 % of the estimated Chernobyl emission.
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Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic
Our results indicate that 137Cs emissions peaked on 14-15 can be compared to prior ocean studies and be used to March but were generally high from 12 until 19 March, address dose consequences as discussed by Garnier- when they suddenly dropped by orders of magnitude at the Laplace et al. in this journal. The data show peak ocean time when spraying of water on the spentfuel pool of unit 4 discharges in early April, one month after the earthquake started. This indicates that emissions may not have and a factor of 1000 decrease in the month following. originated only from the damaged reactor cores, but also Interestingly, the concentrations through the end of July from the spent-fuel pool of unit 4. This would also con- remain higher than expected implying continued releases firm that the spraying was an effective countermeasure. We from the reactors or other contaminated sources, such as explore the main dispersion and deposition patterns of the groundwater or coastal sediments. By July, levels of 137Cs radioactive cloud, both regionally for Japan as well as for are still more than 10000 times higher than levels measured the entire Northern Hemisphere. While at first sight it in 2010 in the coastal waters off Japan. Although some seemed fortunate that westerly winds prevailed most of the radionuclides are significantly elevated, dose calculations time during the accident, a different picture emerges from suggest minimal impact on marine biota or humans due to our detailed analysis. Exactly during and following the direct exposure in surrounding ocean waters, though period of the strongest 137Cs emissions on 14 and 15 March considerations for biological uptake and consumption of as well as after another period with strong emissions on 19 seafood are discussed and further study is warranted. March, the radioactive plume was advected over Eastern Source: Environmental Science & Technology, 2011, Honshu Island, where precipitation deposited a large 45(23): 9931-9935 fraction of 137Cs on land surfaces. Radioactive clouds reached North America on 15 March and Europe on 22 Citation frenquency: 133 March. By middle of April, 133Xe was fairly uniformly Study of reactor antineutrino interaction with distributed in the middle latitudes of the entire Northern proton at Bugey nuclear power plant Hemisphere and was for the first time also measured in the Declais, Y; Dekerret, H; Lefievre, B; et al. Southern Hemisphere (Darwin《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 station, Australia). In Abstract: We report on a high precision measurement at general, simulated and observed concentrations of 133Xe 15 m from a 2800 MWth reactor in which 300000 events of and 137Cs both at Japanese as well as at remote sites were electron antineutrino interactions with proton have been in good quantitative agreement. Altogether, we estimate detected using an integral method. The cross section of the that 6.4 PBq of 137Cs, or 18 % of the total fallout until 20 neutron inverse beta-decay process has been measured with April, were deposited over Japanese land areas, while most an accuracy of 1.4%. The ratio of measured cross section to of the rest fell over the North Pacific Ocean. Only 0.7 PBq, the expected one in the standard V-A theory of weak or 1.9 % of the total fallout were deposited on land areas interactions is: σ /σV−A = 98.7% ± 1.4% ± 2.7% = 0.987 ± other than Japan. 0.030. ⨍ Source: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012, 12(5): Source: Physics Letters B, 1994, 338(2-3): 383-389 2313-2343 Citation frenquency: 115 Citation frenquency: 174 Remote material analysis of nuclear power station Impacts of the Fukushima nuclear power plants on steam generator tubes by laser-induced marine radioactivity breakdown spectroscopy Buesseler, K; Aoyama, M; Fukasawa, M; et al. Whitehouse, AI; Young, J; Botheroyd, IM; et al. Abstract: The impacts on the ocean of releases of Abstract: We report on a novel design 75-m length radionuclides from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power umbilical fiber-optic LIBS (FOLIBS) system suitable for plants remain unclear. However, information has been made remotely determining the copper content of 316H public regarding the concentrations of radioactive isotopes austenitic stainless steel superheater bifurcation tubing of iodine and cesium in ocean water near the discharge within the pressure vessels of Advanced Gas Cooled point. These data allow us to draw some basic conclusions Reactor (AGR) nuclear power stations. The system was about the relative levels of radionuclides released which deployed during the routine reactor outage programs for
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Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017
-2 137 Hunterston ‘B’ and Hinkley Point ‘B’ stations during the and 10.4 kg m , respectively. The h0 of Cs in the studied summer of 1999 and used successfully to determine the soil profile was greater than those for the cultivated soils copper content of the bifurcations over the range nearby the Chernobyl NPP. The positive relationship was 0.04% (h0) derived from the depth distribution of radiocaesium were inferred. and 131I in the soil profile at the study site were 9.1 kg m-2 Source: Physical Review D, 2007, 75(1): 012001 ·10· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic ·Recommended Papers· The “three steps development strategy” of China and the nuclear related organizations. nuclear power science and technology Keywords: HTR; generation Ⅳ nuclear power technology; SU Gang industrialization progress Abstract: As a strategic industry of China, the nuclear Source: China Nuclear Power, 2016, 9(1): 25-30 power industry follows an innovation-driven strategy and keeps on reforming and upgrading. By focusing on the Research and development status and prospect power generation technology, China has developed a analysis of modular miniature nuclear Generation-III pressurized water reactor technology power reactor independently and achieved breakthroughs in the fast ZHANG Xue-jun reactor and the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor with Abstract: At present, most of the current nuclear power the features of Generation-IV reactor technology. As a key plants are the large power capacity types, some can up to member in the international ITER program, China has 1750 MW per nuclear reactor. It has the high investment successfully promoted the Planning Package program and and long construction period, and it can not suit for the achieved the delivery plan, laying a solid foundation for small electricity grid problems, but the modular miniature the “thermal reactor-fast reactor and nuclear fusion” nuclear power reactor can solve these problems. For above, three-step strategy. On the basis of summarizing the the modular miniature nuclear reactor is highly cared and development stages of nuclear power science and researched by people all over the world. The paper briefly technology, this paper points out the development summarizes the research and development status, and tendency and the technical direction for implementing the applications of the modular miniature nuclear power three-step strategy in the 13th Five Year Plan periods and, reactor, also analyses the advantages and the prospect of it. especially, how to realize the second step of “thermal Keywords: modular; miniature nuclear power reactor; reactor to fast reactor” and the third《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 step of “fast reactor research & development status; prospect and nuclear fusion”. Finally, this paper gives a prospective Source: Value Engineering, 2015, 34(2): 30-31 for the future development of the nuclear power science and technology. Fouling and corrosion prevention for seawater Keywords: proprietary Generation-III nuclear power cooling system of offshore floating nuclear technology; Generation-IV nuclear power technology; power plant nuclear fusion technology; three-step strategy LAN Zhi-gang; LI Xin-zhong; XIAO Gang; et al. Source: Science & Technology Review, 2016, 34(15): Abstract: The marine corrosion and fouling of sea water 33-41 cooling system of offshore nuclear power plant is Email: SU Gang; [email protected] introduced. The types of corrosion and fouling and the causes are described and analyzed. The prevention and The industrialization development of high control methods of corrosion and fouling corrosion are temperature gas cooled reactor in China listed and discussed, which can serve as a reference to GAO Li-ben; SHI Lei; SHANGGUAN Zi-ying; et al. the designers of seawater cooling system of offshore Abstract: In the light of the overseas development of high floating nuclear power plant. temperature gas cooled reactor and the achievement, Keywords: offshore floating nuclear power plant; current situation as well as direction trend of high seawater cooling system; prevention of fouling and temperature gas cooled reactor industrialization in China, corrosion some suggestions on how to promote the industrialization Source: Total Corrosion Control, 2015, 29(11): 55-57 of high temperature gas cooled reactor have been proposed which based on the strategic perspective of playing a Research on test methods of the graphite multi-purpose features and speeding up the pace of “going sealing graket for nuclear power plants out” for high temperature gas cooled reactor, which can YANG Shu-yi serve as references for relevant governmental departments Abstract: The graphite sealing gasket for nuclear power ·11· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 plants has such a brand-new structure, that there has been Separation of transformers for class 1E Systems no standard of retated test methods yet. This article in nuclear power plants focused on analyzing the test load of gasket compressibity Lee, SH; Chang, CK resiliency stress relaxation rate and leakage rate through Abstract: In order to supply electric power to the safety studying on test methods for the graphite sealing related loads, safety and reliability of onsite power have to gasket, Requests of the test load has been put which are be ensured for the safety function performance in nuclear of great importance for setting measure standards of the power plants. Even though the existing electric power product. system of APR1400 meets the requirements of codes Keywords: graphite sealing gasket; compressibility; regarding Class 1E system, there is a room for resilency; sealing improvement in the design margin against the voltage drop Source: Fluid Machinery, 2015, 43(1): 47-50 and short circuit current. This paper discusses the amount that the voltage drop and short circuit current occur in the Introduction and contrast of AP1000 and EPR existing electric power system of APR1400. Additionally, instrumentation control system platform this paper studies with regard to the improved model that ZHOU Xiao-ning has the extra margin against the high voltage drop and Abstract: The three generation nuclear power technology short circuit current by separation of unit auxiliary is currently under construction set higher safety transformer (UAT ) and standby auxiliary transformer technology, instrument control system is one of the most (SAT ) for the Class 1E loads. The improved model of the important system in nuclear power plant. Based on the electric power system by separation of UAT and SAT has AP1000 and EPR instrument control system platform been suggested through this paper. Additionally, effects of overall structure, software and hardware aspects of the reliability and cost caused by the electric power system analysis and comparing, the different point of the three modification are considered. generation of nuclear instrument control system platform Source: Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, was compared, AP1000 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅instrument control system 2017, 3976049 platform was more safe and reliable. Email: Lee, SH; [email protected] Keywords: AP1000; EPR; instrumentation and control system Development and characterization of a fiber-optic Source: Power & Energy, 2014, 35(6): 757-760 monitoring system for the key environment variables of the spent nuclear fuel pool at a Key technologies and processes research on nuclear power plant nuclear-grade cooling unit used for nuclear island Kim, R; Park, CH; Yoo, WJ; et al. H VA C system of third-generation PWR nuclear Abstract: This study develops and characterizes a power plant fiber-optic monitoring system for the key environment LIU Zi-wang; LIU Jing variables of the spent nuclear fuel pool (SNFP) at a Abstract: Through the study on the key technologies and nuclear power plant. The three key environmental processes of the nuclear grade cooling unit used for variables indicating the SNFP status directly are its water nuclear island H VAC system of third-generation PWR temperature, water level, and radiation level. First, this nuclear power plant, the feasibility of the key technologies study develops and characterizes the individual fiber-optic and processes of the nuclear-grade cooling unit applied to sensors for measuring the three key environmental nuclear island H VAC system is analyzed and the variables and then assembles them into an integrated applicability is extended to all nuclear-grade cooling units monitoring system. The individual fiber-optic sensors used for nuclear power plant. commonly use optical fibers to transmit the signals Keywords: third-generation PWR nuclear power plant; delivered from their sensing probes despite their different nuclear island H VAC system; nuclear-grade cooling unit; characteristics. For the fiber-optic temperature sensor key technology and process; seismic evaluation (FOTS), two types of FOTS are developed: contact and Source: Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, 2015, 16(11): non-contact types, which are distinguished by whether 43-46 their sensing probes are in direct contact with water. The ·12· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic contact-type FOTS uses a copper metal cap as its sensing influence and contribution. In this study, based on the probe, and the non-contact-type FOTS uses an infrared dynamic analyses of the floor response spectra of NPPs, a optical fiber, whose peripheral surface is coated with an comprehensive index of the assessed impact for various anti-fog solution as its sensing probe. The fiber-optic uncertain parameters is presented and recommended, water level sensor (FOWS) consists of optical fibers with including the correlation coefficient, the regression slope their ends connected to the sensing probes fabricated with coefficient and Tornado swing. To compensate for the lack a NaCl solution and stainless steel. The FOWS measures of guidance in the NPP seismic standards, the proposed the water level using the Fresnel reflection phenomenon, method can effectively be used to evaluate the contributions i.e., reflection of a portion of incident light at a discrete of various parameters from the aspects of sensitivity, acuity interface between two media having different refractive and statistical swing correlations. Finally, examples are indices. The FOWS identifies the water level by provided to verify the set of indicators from systematic and measuring the amount of light reflected at the interface intuitive perspectives, such as the uncertainty of the between the sensing probe and its outside medium, which impact of the structure parameters and the contribution to varies according to whether the sensing probe is in contact the FRS of NPPs. The index is sensitive to different types with water. The fiber-optic radiation sensor (FORS) of parameters, which provides a new technique for measures the gamma radiation in the SNFP. The sensing evaluating the anti-seismic parameters required for NPPs. probe of FORS is a cylindrical-shaped LYSO: Ce Keywords: uncertain parameter; floor response spectra scintillator, whose peripheral is wrapped with aluminum (FRS); soil-structure interaction (SSI); seismic analysis foil as the reflector. After characterizing the three and structural design; nuclear power plant (NPP) individual sensors developed in this study, they are Source: Earthquake Engineering and Engineering assembled and tested at a model water pool, 500 mm × Vibration, 2017, 16(1): 47-54 500 mm × 500 mm in size. The performance test results Email: Li, JB; [email protected] shows that individual sensors can measure the changes in each environmental variable in real《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅-time. Caesium-rich micro-particles: A window into the Keywords: fiber-optic monitoring system; spent nuclear meltdown events at the Fukushima Daiichi fuel pool; environment variables; water temperature; water Nuclear Power Plant level; radiation level Furuki, G; Imoto, J; Ochiai, A; et al. Source: Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2017, 99: 183-192 Abstract: The nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Email: Moon, JH; [email protected] Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) in March 2011 caused partial meltdowns of three reactors. During the meltdowns, Research on the attribution evaluating methods of a type of condensed particle, a caesium-rich micro-particle dynamic effects of various parameter (CsMP), formed inside the reactors via unknown processes. uncertainties on the in-structure floor response Here we report the chemical and physical processes of spectra of nuclear power plant CsMP formation inside the reactors during the meltdowns Li, JB; Lin, G; Liu, J; et al. based on atomic-resolution electron microscopy of CsMPs Abstract: Consideration of the dynamic effects of the site discovered near the FDNPP. All of the CsMPs (with and structural parameter uncertainty is required by the sizes of 2.0-3.4 μm) comprise SiO2 glass matrices and standards for nuclear power plants (NPPs) in most ~10-nm-sized Zn–Fe oxide nanoparticles associated with a countries. The anti-seismic standards provide two basic wide range of Cs concentrations (1.1-19 wt% Cs as Cs2O). methods to analyze parameter uncertainty. Directly Trace amounts of U are also associated with the Zn–Fe manually dealing with the calculated floor response oxides. The nano-texture in the CsMPs records multiple spectra (FRS) values of deterministic approaches is the reaction-process steps during meltdown in the severe first method. The second method is to perform probability FDNPP accident: Melted fuel (molten core)-concrete statistical analysis of the FRS results on the basis of the interactions (MCCIs), incorporating various airborne Monte Carlo method. The two methods can only reflect fission product nanoparticles, including CsOH and CsCl, the overall effects of the uncertain parameters, and the proceeded via SiO2 condensation over aggregates of Zn-Fe results cannot be screened for a certain parameter’s oxide nanoparticles originating from the failure of the ·13· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 reactor pressure vessels. Still, CsMPs provide a mechanism in the glass except Cs which has a concentration gradient, by which volatile and low-volatility radionuclides such as U increasing from center to surface. Nano-sized crystallites can reach the environment and should be considered in the such as copper- zinc- and molybdenum sulfide, and silver migration model of Cs and radionuclides in the current telluride were found inside the microparticles, which environment surrounding the FDNPP. probably resulted from the segregation of the silicate and Source: Scientific Reports, 2017, 42731 sulfide (telluride) during molten-stage. An alkali-depleted Email: Utsunomiya, S; layer of ca. 0.2 μm thick exists at the outer side of the [email protected] particle collected from cedar leaves 8 months after the nuclear accident, suggesting gradual leaching of Polymeric seal degradation in nuclear power plants: radiocesium from the microparticles in the natural Effect of gamma radiation on sealing properties environment. Porter, CP; Edge, R; Ogden, MD Source: Scientific Reports, 2016, 6, 20548 Abstract: An effort has been made to bridge the gap Email: Yamaguchi, N; [email protected] between academic knowledge of polymeric seal degradation and industrial practices. A series of physical Flow boiling heat transfer in a helically coiled and mechanical properties that can be related to the steam generator for nuclear power applications sealing behavior of three commercial samples of nitrile Santini, L; Cioncolini, A; Butel, MT; et al. rubber have been studied for their degradation when Abstract: Forced convection boiling of water was exposed to gamma radiation. For all samples the glass experimentally investigated in a 24 m long full-scale transition temperature (Tg) and retention factor (RF) helically coiled steam generator tube, prototypical of the were found to increase with total dose whilst percentage steam generators with in-tube boiling used in small change in mass (ΔM%) was found to decrease. The ultimate modular nuclear reactor systems. Overall, 1575 axially uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) did not appear to change local and peripherally averaged heat transfer coefficient with radiation dose but the《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 kinetics of the absorption measurements were taken, covering operating pressures process were found to decrease, suggesting the formation in the range of 2-6 MPa, mass fluxes from 200 to of crosslinks. The crosslinks formed appear to be 800 kg m−2 s−1 and heat fluxes from 40 to 230 kW m−2. dependent on the original material composition and The heat transfer coefficient was found to depend on the comparison against degradation of material properties mass flux and on the heat flux, indicating that both supports the theory behind butadiene, BDN, content being nucleate boiling and convection are contributing to the linked to a propensity for crosslink clustering. heat transfer process. Seven widely quoted flow boiling Keywords: CO2 uptake; degradation; glass transition; correlations for straight tubes fitted the present helical coil mechanical properties; swelling databank with a mean absolute percentage error within Source: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2017, 134(12) 15%–20%, which was comparable with the experimental Email: Ogden, MD; [email protected] uncertainty of the measured heat transfer coefficient values, thus indicating that curvature effects on flow Internal structure of cesium-bearing radioactive boiling are small and negligible in practical applications. microparticles released from Fukushima Keywords: helical coil; convective flow boiling; steam nuclear Power Plant generator; curvature effect; small modular nuclear reactor Yamaguchi, N; Mitome, M; Kotone, AH; et al. Source: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Abstract: Microparticles containing substantial amounts 2016, 92: 91-99 of radiocesium collected from the ground in Fukushima Email: Cioncolini, A; [email protected] were investigated mainly by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray microanalysis with scanning Numerical simulation and experimental TEM (STEM). Particles of around 2 μm in diameter are verification of microstructure evolution in large basically silicate glass containing Fe and Zn as transition forged pipe used for AP1000 nuclear power plants metals, Cs, Rb and K as alkali ions, and Sn as substantial Wang, SL; Yang, B; Zhang, MX; et al. elements. These elements are homogeneously distributed Abstract: AP1000 primary coolant pipe is a large ·14· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic special-shaped forged pipe made of 316LN stainless steel. sophisticated deposition scheme, which deals with dry and Due to the non-uniform temperature and deformation fogwater depositions, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) during its forging, coarse and fine grains usually coexist activation and subsequent wet scavenging due to in the forged pipe, resulting in the heterogeneous mixed-phase cloud microphysics (in-cloud scavenging) for microstructure and anisotropic performance. To investigate radioactive iodine gas (I2 and CH3I) and other particles the microstructure evolution during the entire forging (CsI, Cs, and Te), was incorporated into WSPEEDI-II to process, in the present research, the database of the 316LN improve the surface deposition calculations. The fallout to stainless steel was established and a numerical simulation the ocean surface calculated by WSPEEDI-II was used was performed. The results indicate that the middle body as input data for the SEA-GEARN-FDM calculations. section of the forged pipe has an extremely uniform Reverse and inverse source-term estimation methods average grain size with the value smaller than 30 μm. The based on coupling the simulations from both models was grain sizes in the ends of body sections were ranged adopted using air dose rates and concentrations, and sea from 30 μm to 60 μm. Boss sections have relatively surface concentrations. The results revealed that the homogeneous microstructure with the average grain size major releases of radionuclides due to FNPS1 accident 30 μm to 44 μm. Furthermore, a full-scale hot forging was occurred in the following periods during March 2011: the carried out for verification. Comparison of theoretical and afternoon of 12 March due to the wet venting and experimental results showed good agreement and hence hydrogen explosion at Unit 1, the morning of 13 March demonstrated the capabilities of the numerical simulation after the venting event at Unit 3, midnight of 14 March presented here. It is noteworthy that all grains in the when the SRV (Safely Relief Valve) at Unit 2 was opened workpiece were confirmed less than 180 μm, which meets three times, the morning and night of 15 March, and the the designer’s demands. morning of 16 March. According to the simulation Keywords: microstructure evolution; numerical results, the highest radioactive contamination areas simulation; integral forging technology; 316LN stainless around FNPS1 were created from 15 to 16 March by steel 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅complicated interactions among rainfall, plume Source: Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2016, 87: 176-185 movements, and the temporal variation of release rates Email: Yang, B; [email protected] associated with reactor pressure changes in Units 2 and 3. The modified WSPEEDI-II simulation using the new Detailed source term estimation of the source term reproduced local and regional patterns of atmospheric release for the Fukushima Daiichi cumulative surface deposition of total 131I and 137Cs and Nuclear Power Station accident by coupling air dose rate obtained by airborne surveys. The new simulations of atmospheric dispersion model source term was also tested using three atmospheric with improved deposition scheme and oceanic dispersion models (MLDP0, HYSPLIT, and NAME) dispersion model for regional and global calculations and showed good Katata, G; Chino, M; Kobayashi, T; et al. agreement between calculated and observed air Abstract: Temporal variations in the amount of concentration and surface deposition of 137Cs in East radionuclides released into the atmosphere during the Japan. Moreover, HYSPLIT model using the new source Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station (FNPS1) term also reproduced the plume arrivals at several accident and their atmospheric and marine dispersion are countries abroad showing a good correlation with essential to evaluate the environmental impacts and measured air concentration data. A large part of resultant radiological doses to the public. In this paper, we deposition pattern of total 131I and 137Cs in East Japan estimate a detailed time trend of atmospheric releases was explained by in-cloud particulate scavenging. during the accident by combining environmental However, for the regional scale contaminated areas, there monitoring data with atmospheric model simulations from were large uncertainties due to the overestimation of WSPEEDI-II (Worldwide version of System for Prediction rainfall amounts and the underestimation of fogwater and of Environmental Emergency Dose Information), and drizzle depositions. The computations showed that simulations from the oceanic dispersion model approximately 27% of 137Cs discharged from FNPS1 SEA-GEARN-FDM, both developed by the authors. A deposited to the land in East Japan, mostly in forest areas. ·15· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Source: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2015, 15(2): Nuclear power as a climate mitigation strategy: 1029-1070 Technology and proliferation risk Email: Katata, G; [email protected] Lehtveer M; Hedenus F Abstract: Recent years have witnessed renewed interest Assessment of thermal embrittlement in duplex in nuclear power in large extent due to the need to reduce stainless steels 2003 and 2205 for nuclear carbon emissions to mitigate climate change. Most studies power applications of cost and feasibility of stringent climate targets that Tucker, JD; Miller, MK; Young, GA include nuclear power focus on the currently available Abstract: Duplex stainless steels are desirable for use in light water reactor (LWR) technology. Since climate power generation systems because of their attractive mitigation requires a long-term commitment, the inclusion combination of strength, corrosion resistance and cost. of other nuclear technologies such as mixed oxide-fuelled However, thermal embrittlement at intermediate LWRs and fast breeder reactors may better describe the homologous temperatures of 475°C and below, limits future energy supply options. These different options also upper service temperatures for many applications. New entail different nuclear weapon proliferation risks stemming ∼ lean grade duplex alloys have improved thermal stability from uranium enrichment or reprocessing of spent fuel. To over standard grades and potentially increase the upper investigate this relation, we perform a scenario analysis service temperature or the lifetime at a given temperature using the global energy transition model. Our results for this class of material. The present work compares the indicate that meeting a scenario with a 430 ppm CO2 target thermal stability of lean grade, alloy 2003, to standard for 2100 is feasible without the involvement of nuclear grade, alloy 2205, through a series of isothermal agings power; however the mitigation costs increase by around between 260°C and 482°C for times between 1 and 20%. Furthermore, a lasting contribution by nuclear power 10000 h. Aged samples were characterized by changes in to climate change mitigation can only be achieved by microhardness and impact toughness. Additionally, atom alternative fissile material production methods and global probe tomography was 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅performed to illustrate the diffusion of nuclear technologies. This in turn bears evolution of the α–α′ phase separation in both alloys at important implications for the risk of nuclear proliferation select conditions. Atom probe tomography confirmed that for several reasons. First, knowledge and competence in phase separation occurs via spinodal decomposition for nuclear technology becomes more accessible, leading to both alloys, and identified the presence of Ni–Cu–Si–Mn–P the risk of nuclear programmes emerging in states with clusters in alloy 2205, which may contribute to the weaker institutional capacity. Additionally, even if the embrittlement of this alloy. The impact toughness model reprocessing step in a fast breeder cycle proves to be predictions for the upper service temperature show that essentially proliferation resistant, the build-up of breeder alloy 2003 may be viable for use in 288°C applications reactor systems necessitates a long transition period with for 80-year service lifetimes based on a Charpy V-notch large-scale use of enrichment technology and its related criteria of 47 J at room temperature. In comparison, alloy proliferation risks. Our study does not include the costs 2205 should be limited to 260°C applications for the same posed on society by nuclear accident risk and by the need room temperature toughness of 47 J. to upscale safeguards and regulatory capacity to deal with Keywords: duplex stainless steels; 475 degrees C increased proliferation risk. embrittlement; spinodal decomposition; atom probe Keywords: nuclear weapon proliferation; nuclear power; tomography energy system model Source: Acta Materialia, 2015, 87: 15-24 Source: Journal of Risk Research, 2015, 18(3): 273-290 Email: Tucker, JD; [email protected] Email: Lehtveer, M; [email protected] Editor: WANG Wei ·16· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic Coastal Waters Environmental Pollution ·Editor’s Note· The sea is a new space for human survival of coastal urbanization and coastal industry in china, the development, and the relationship between the ocean and ecological environment protection in our country is facing the land is getting closer and closer. Since entering in great pressure. In China, the contradiction between the twenty-first century, the topic of the how to realize the development of marine resources and environmental transformation and leapfrog development is particularly protection is becoming more and more serious, and has urgent for Bohai coastal region, Yangtze River Delta aroused extensive attention. region, Pearl River Delta and other coastal areas under the This issue was greatly supported by Professor constraints of emission reduction, population, resources MO Gong-zheng (Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology- and environment. Along with the rapid development of QIMG). ·Data Rankings· By March 28, 2017, according to China Knowledge pollution’ are 1118 and 6621 respectively. The number of Resource Integrated Database (CNKI) and Web of Science published papers of institution, author, journal, and cited (WOS), the numbers of journal papers by retrieving frequency are as follows. ‘coastal waters’ ‘offshore marine area’ ‘environmental Number of Published Papers of Institution in CNKI Number of Published Papers of Institution in WOS Institution 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Number of Papers Institution Number of Papers Ocean University of China 131 University of California System 335 National Marine Environmental 72 Harvard University 302 Monitoring Center Xiamen University 47 University of London 231 The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese 46 Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris APHP 223 Academy of Sciences The First Institute of Oceanography,Soa 43 National Institutes of Health NIH USA 185 (Sources: CNKI, Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-28) Number of Published Papers of Author in CNKI Number of Published Papers of Author in WOS Author Institution Number of Papers Author Number of Papers XU Zhao-li Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 47 Tanabe S 42 WANG Ocean University of China 13 Satpathy KK 24 Jiang-tao CHEN Jia-jie Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 11 Xu HL 23 SHI Xiao-yong Ocean University of China 10 Zhang W 22 NIU Zhi-guang Tianjin University 5 Shanmugam P 22 (Sources: CNKI, Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-28) ·17· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Number of Published Papers of Journal in CNKI Number of Published Papers of Journal in WOS Journal Number of Papers Journal Number of Papers Cochrane Database of Marine Environmental Science 69 107 Systematic Reviews Acta Oceanologica Sinica 55 PLoS One 106 Marine Sciences 42 Kidney International 76 Marine Science Bulletin 41 Lancet 55 Periodical of Ocean University of China 39 Current Pharmaceutical Design 55 (Sources: CNKI, Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-28) According to CNKI, highly cited papers by retrieving ‘coastal waters’ ‘offshore marine area’ ‘environmental pollution’ are as follows. Highly Cited Papers in CNKI Citation Title First Author Source Frequency Journal of Oceanography in Potential eutrophication assessment for Chinese 296 GUO Wei-dong Taiwan Strait, 1998, 17(1): coastal waters 64-70 Phytoplankton distribution and its to the runoff Oceanologia et Limnologia 113 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅WU Yu-lin in the changjiang (Yangzte) estuary Sinica, 2004, 35(3): 246-251 A primary study on ecological risk caused by Journal of Fisheries of China, 109 GAN Ju-li the heavy metals in coastal sediments 2000, 24(6): 533-538 Distribution features of nutrients and nutrient Dong Hai Marine Science, 2004, 95 structure in the East China Sea and the Yellow GAO Sheng-quan 22(4): 38-50 Sea in spring and autumn Distribution Patterns of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of the Yangtze Estuary and its Environment Science, 2008, 92 SHENG Ju-jiang Adjacent Areas and Environmental Quality 29(9): 2405-2412 Assessment Red tide disaster in coastal waters of China and Marine Environmental Science, 81 GUAN Dao-ming its prevention suggestions 2003, 22(2): 60-63 Chinese Journal of Numerical simulation study on three-dimensional 46 JIANG Heng-zhi Hydrodynamics, 2009, 24(1): tidal flow and salinity in the Oujiang Estuary 63-70 (Source: CNKI; Retrieval date: 2017-03-28) ·18· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic According to Web of Science, highly cited papers by retrieving ‘coastal waters’ ‘offshore marine area’ ‘environmental pollution’ are as follows. Highly Cited Papers in WOS Citation Title First Author Source Frequency Large groundwater inputs to coastal waters 568 Moore, WS Nature, 1996, 380(6575): 612-614 revealed by 226Ra enrichments Development and evaluation of sediment quality 498 MacDonald, DD Ecotoxicology, 1996, 5(4): 253-278 guidelines for Florida coastal waters Origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000, 466 in coastal marine sediments: Case studies in Soclo, HH 40(5): 387-396 Cotonou (Benin) and Aquitaine (France) areas Couplings of watersheds and coastal waters- 413 sources and consequences of nutrient enrichment in Valiela, I Estuaries, 1992, 15(4): 443-457 waquoit bay, massachusetts Variations in the light absorption coefficients of Journal of Geophysical 354 phytoplankton, nonalgal particles, and dissolved Babin, M Research-Oceans, 2003, 108(C7): 1-4 organic matter in coastal waters around Europe Seasonal and spatial variability of bacterial and Applied and Environmental 312 archaeal assemblages in the coastal waters near Murray, AE Microbiology, 1998, 64(7): 2585-2595 Anvers Island, Antarctica《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Changes in nutrient structure of river-dominated Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 354 coastal waters: Stoichiometric nutrient balance and Justic, D 1995, 40(3): 339-356 its consequences Atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS imagery for 286 Ruddick, KG Applied Optics, 2000, 39(6): 897-912 turbid coastal and inland waters Ices Journal of Marine Science, 2002, 273 Global change and eutrophication of coastal waters Rabalais, Nancy N 287(19): 2469-2475 Asia-Pacific mussel watch: Monitoring Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2003, 257 contamination of persistent organochlorine Monirith, I 46(3): 281-300 compounds in coastal waters of Asian countries (Source: Web of Science; Retrieval date: 2017-03-28) ·19· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 ·Classic Papers· By using Histcite to analyze the top 30 papers of LCS (Local Citation Score) based on the data from Web of Science, the chosen classic papers are as follows. Local Classical Papers Number Title First Author Source Atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS imagery for turbid 1 Ruddick, KG Applied Optics, 2000, 39 (6): 897-912 coastal and inland waters Large groundwater inputs to coastal waters revealed by 2 Moore, WS Nature, 1996, 380 (6575): 612-614 226Ra enrichments Couplings of watersheds and coastal waters-sources and 3 consequences of nutrient enrichment in waquoit bay, Valiela, I Estuaries, 1992, 15 (4): 443-457 massachusetts Origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000, 40(5): 4 coastal marine sediments: Case studies in Cotonou Soclo, HH 387-396 (Benin) and Aquitaine (France) areas The European water framework directive: A challenge Continental Shelf Research, 2005, 25 5 Borja, A for nearshore, coastal and continental shelf research (14): 1768-1783 Atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS imagery for Source: Applied Optics, 2000, 39 (6): 897-912 turbid coastal 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅and inland waters Ruddick, KG; Ovidio F; Rijkeboer M Large groundwater inputs to coastal waters Abstract: The standard SeaWiFS atmospheric correction revealed by 226Ra enrichments algorithm, designed for open ocean water, has been Moore, WS extended for use over turbid coastal and inland waters. Abstract: The flow of ground water directly into the Failure of the standard algorithm over turbid waters can coastal ocean has been studied previously by in situ be attributed to invalid assumptions of zero water-leaving measurements, seep meters and diffusion gradient models’. radiance for the near-infrared bands at 765 and 865 nm. In Although these techniques provide ample evidence that the present study these assumptions are replaced by the such flows occur, they do not provide a means of assumptions of spatial homogeneity of the 765:865-nm quantifying the groundwater flux on a regional scale. Here ratios for aerosol reflectance and for water-leaving I report large enrichments of 226Ra in coastal waters of the reflectance. These two ratios are imposed as calibration South Atlantic Eight, and demonstrate that groundwater parameters after inspection of the Rayleigh-corrected discharge is the main source of the 226Ra surplus. Using reflectance scatterplot. The performance of the new 226Ra data for brackish ground waters with estimates of algorithm is demonstrated for imagery of Belgian coastal residence times of nearshore waters, I conclude that the waters and yields physically realistic water-leaving groundwater flux to these coastal waters must be about radiance spectra. A preliminary comparison with in situ 40% of the river-water flux during the study period. radiance spectra fbr the Dutch Lake Markermeer shows Besides Ra, other metals, nutrients and organic compounds significant improvement over the standard atmospheric are expected to be enriched in brackish ground waters, so correction algorithm. An analysis is made of the these findings require an upward revision of terrestrial sensitivity of results to the choice of calibration fluxes of dissolved materials to these coastal waters, and parameters, and perspectives for application of the perhaps a re-evaluation of such fluxes to the global ocean. method to other sensors are briefly discussed. These fluxes may be sensitive to hydrological factors, ·20· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic groundwater usage, dredging and sea-level change. relation between land use and conditions in the aquatic Source: Nature, 1996, 380 (6575): 612-614 ecosystem. Study of the process and synthesis by appropriate models may provide a way to deal with the Couplings of watersheds and coastal waters- complexities of the coupling. sources and consequences of nutrient enrichment Source: Estuaries, 1992, 15 (4): 443-457 in waquoit bay, massachusetts Valiela, I; Foreman K; Lamontagne M; et al. Origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Abstract: Human activities on coastal watersheds (PAHs) in coastal marine sediments: Case provide the major sources of nutrients entering shallow studies in Cotonou (Benin) and coastal ecosystems. Nutrient loadings from watersheds Aquitaine (France) areas are the most widespread factor that alters structure and Soclo, HH; Garrigues, P; Ewald, M function of receiving aquatic ecosystems. To investigate Abstract: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were this coupling of land to marine systems, we are studying a identified and quantified in recent sediments of the series of subwatersheds of Waquoit Bay that differ in Cotonou coastal zones (Benin) in the total concentration degree of urbanization and hence are exposed to widely range 25-1450 ng·g-1, while the Aquitaine sediment different nutrient loading rates. The subwatersheds differ samples (France) exhibited total PAH concentrations in the in the number of septic tanks and the relative acreage of range 4-855 ng·g-1. The highest contents of PAHs were forests. In the area of our study, groundwater is the major found in the harbours, as well in Cotonou as in the mechanism that transports nutrients to coastal waters. Aquitaine region, with the maximum values in the Cotonou Although there is some attenuation of nutrient harbour. However, the PAH concentrations were concentrations within the aquifer or at the sediment-water comparable with those of slightly contaminated zones. interface, in urbanized areas there are significant Good correlations observed between a certain number of increases in the nutrient content《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 of groundwater arriving pairs of isomer PAH concentrations allowed to identify six at the shore's edge. The groundwater seeps or flows origin molecular indices that were used to identify the PAH through the sediment-water boundary, and sufficient contamination sources in the studied sampling stations: groundwater-borne nutrients (nitrogen in particular) Phe/ An, Flt/Py, Chry/BaA, LMW/HMW, Per/Sigma(PAH), traverse the sediment-water boundary to cause significant and Per/Sigma(penta-aromatics). In general, the Cotonou changes in the aquatic ecosystem. These loading- lagoon sampling sites were contaminated mainly by dependent alterations include increased nutrients in water, petrogenic PAHs, due to petroleum trade at individual scale greater primary production by phytoplankton, and along the lagoon, and also waste oils from mechanics increased macroalgal biomass and growth (mediated by a shops; the Aquitaine samples were polluted by pyrolytic suite of physiological responses to abundance of origin PAHs. Interferences of rather petrogenic and nutrients). The increased macroalgal biomass dominates pyrolytic PAH contaminations,pere noticed in the harbours the bay ecosystem through second-or third-order effects due to petroleum products deliveries and fuel combustion such as alterations of nutrient status of water columns and emissions from the ships staying alongside the quays. increasing frequency of anoxic events. The increases in Diagenetic origin of perylene was confirmed in this study, seaweeds have decreased the areas covered by eelgrass but its possible formation by combustion of organic matter habitats. The change in habitat type, plus the increased was also considered because of the relatively higher frequency of anoxic events, change the composition of the concentrations of this PAH in the harbours of Cotonou and benthic fauna. The data make evident the importance of of Aquitaine region sediment samples. bottom-up control in shallow coastal food webs. The Keywords: PAH; sediments; origin indices; lagoon of coupling of land to sea by groundwater-borne nutrient Cotonou; Estuary of Gironde; Arcachon Bay transport is mediated by a complex series of steps; the Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000, 40(5): cascade of processes make it unlikely to find a one-to-one 387-396 ·21· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 The European water framework directive: A relate to only 19.8% of the whole of the European challenge for nearshore, coastal and continental shelf, its application constitutes a challenge continental shelf research and an opportunity in nearshore, coastal and continental Borja, A shelf research. This contribution highlights some of the Abstract: The European Water Framework Directive main tasks and the research to be undertaken in the (WFD) establishes a framework for the protection of coming years, proposing investigations into: typologies; groundwater, inland surface waters, estuarine waters, and physico-chemical processes; indicator species; reference coastal waters. The WFD constitutes a new view of the conditions; integration of the quality assessment; water resources management in Europe because, for the methodologies in determining ecological status, etc. first time, water management is: (i) based mainly upon Keywords: water framework directive; policy research; biological and ecological elements, with ecosystems being ecosystem-based approach; reference conditions; nearshore; at the centre of the management decisions; (ii) applied to coastal; continental shelf European water bodies, as a whole; and (iii) based upon the Source: Continental Shelf Research, 2005, 25 (14): whole river basin, including also the adjacent coastal area. 1768-1783 Although the marine water bodies affected by the WFD 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 ·22· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic ·Highly Cited Paper Citation frenquency: 296 environment ideal for the occurrence of red tide. Hence Potential eutrophication assessment Changjiang Estuary has been one of the main regions for Chinese coastal waters experiencing the frequent red tide occurrence in China. GUO Wei-dong; ZHANG Xiao-ming; YANG Yi-ping Keywords: Changjiang Estuary; phytoplankton; discharge Abstract: A concept of potential eutrophication is put of Changjiang forword according to the fact that eutrophiration of coastal Source: Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica, 2004, 35(3): waters in China is usually nutrient-limited. Based on this 246-251 concept, a new set of eutrophicaton rating standards and related assessment model are developed. The model is used Citation frenquency: 109 to assess the eutrophication of Xiamen sea area and coastal A primary study on ecological risk caused by waters in China, respectively. The results show that the the heavy metals in coastal sediments eastern sea area of Xiamen is oligotrophic, while the western GAN Ju-li; JIA Xiao-ping; LIN Qin; et al. sea area is at the stage of phosphorus-limited potential Abstract: A system for assessment of the potential eutrophication. Like Xiamen sea area, main estuaries and ecological risk caused by the heavy metals in coastal bays in China are characteristic of phosphorus-limited or sediments was established based on the metal element slightly-phosphorus-limited potential eutrophication. abundance in various environmental media and the marine Keywords: nutrients; eutrophication; assessment model organisms. The results of metal toxicity investigations, the Chinese coastal waters effects of metal existing form in marine sediments on the Source: Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 1998, metal absorption by marine organisms and the sensitivity of 17(1): 64-70 marine ecosystem to the metal toxicity were also considered. The ecological risk of Honghai Bay was evaluated as an Citation frenquency: 113 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅example. The results from this evaluation could be used as Phytoplankton distribution and its to the runoff a reference of maximum capacity for large scale in the Changjiang (Yangzte) Estuary aquaculture in the semi-closed bays of South China Sea. WU Yu-lin; FU Yue-na; ZHANG Yong-shan; et al. Keywords: heavy metal; ecological risk; marine Abstract: Using data obtained from four quarterly ecosystem; coastal sediment investigations in the Changjiang Estuary during 2001 to Source: Journal of Fisheries of China, 2000, 24(6): 533-538 2002, relations between phytoplankton distribution and runoff in the Changjiang River were considered. Among Citation frenquency: 95 the 154 species of phytoplankton (including varieties and Distribution features of nutrients and nutrient foimas)identified, 113 species belonged to Bacillariophyta structure in the East China Sea and the and 36 species to Prrophyta. Eutytheimal and low saline Yellow Sea in spring and autumn species such as Skeletohema costatum were the most GAO Sheng-quan; LIN Yi-an; JIN Ming-ming; et al. dominate species. During summer, the dense area of Abstract: The distribution features of nutrients and phytoplankton growth was located in the northern section nutrient structure in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea of the study area and upwelling zone near the Zhejiang were discussed based on the data collected in October to coast. During spring and autumn, the dense area was November 2000 and in April 2001. The results showed that located in the southern section. Phytoplankton abundance the high concentrations of nutrients in the surface water peak occurred during summer(average 9.27×106 ind/m3). appeared mainly in the Changjiang diluted water area and During the winter(dry season), abundance of the coastal water area off Tiangsu and Zhejiang, and the phytoplankton was very low(average 2.91×105 ind/m3). low values were presented in the continental shelf zone of The flaw capacity of the Changjiang River was the major the East China Sea and the northwest part of the Yellow underpinning this seasonal variation of abundance and Sea. The contents of nutrients in the middle area of the composition of phytoplankton. The large quantity of Yellow Sea varied significantly from spring to autumn nutrients carried into the estuary, provided a nutrient rich due to strong and stabilizing thermo cline in autumn and no ·23· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 obvious stratification in spring. The ratios of N/P, Si/N and suggests that As, Cr, Pb, Cr and Zn are moderately Si/P in the surface water were much higher than Redfield contaminated, while Cd is not polluted. The values of As, ratios in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea except for Cr and Cr are between effect range-low (ERL) and effect the northwest part of the Yellow Sea. The surface nutrient range-median(ERM), which indicate they occasionally ratios in spring were higher in the East China Sea than bring adverse biological effect at most stations, and the those in the Yellow Sea, whereas the nutrient ratios in values of Cd, Pb and Zn are below ERL mean they rarely autumn were higher in the Yellow Sea than those in the bring adverse biological effect sediment quality guidelines East China Sea and the variation of nutrient ratios were assessment. From the results of factor analysis and cluster also greater than those in spring. The surface nutrient ratios analysis, we conclude that the outer sea areas of the increased notably during phytoplankton bloom and the Yangtze Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay have lower stratified period. Moreover, the surface nutrient ratios sediment environmental quality, therefore much attention decreased evidently when the stratification lessened or should be paid to these areas. eliminated and phytoplankton productivity weakened. Our Keywords: Yangtze Estuary; surface sediment; heavy investigation suggested that there was photosynthesis of metal; environment assessment phytoplankton in the East mainly was P-limitation in most Source: Environment Science, 2008, 29(9): 2405-2412 part of the little possibility of N limitation for the China Sea and the Yellow Sea, but there studied area. The content Citation frenquency: 81 of SiO3-Si was generally high and it was not possible to be Red tide disaster in coastal waters of China and a liMIting-Factor for phytoplankton growth in the studied its prevention suggestions area. The excessive DIN and extra high N/P ratio in the GUAN Dao-ming; ZHAN Xiu-Wen Changjiang diluted water area and the coastal water area Abstract: According to the red tide monitoring results in off Tiangsu and Zhejiang may be responsible for the last several years, and to be aimed at the problem of the enhancement of coastal eutrophication and the high multifarious occurrence of red tide disaster, the occurrence frequency of red《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 tide in that area over the last continuously extended incidence rouges, and the more and two decades. more losing cost. The suggestions to improve the level of Keywords: nutrient; distribution features; nutrient structure; the city s pollution management and lighten the influence the East China Sea; the Yellow Sea of red tide were made. It include that strengthening the Source: Dong Hai Marine Science, 2004, 22(4): 38-50 monitoring, prevention and control system developments of red tide; enhancing the control of eutrophication in Citation frenquency: 92 offshore season coastal cities; decreasing the influence of Distribution patterns of heavy metals in surface sea farming to the ocean ecosystem environment; sediments of the Yangtze estuary and its adjacent establishing good marine ecosystem environment. areas and environmental quality assessment Keywords: earthquake; risk assessment; China SHENG Ju-jiang; FAN De-jiang; YANG Dong-fang; et al. Source: Marine Environmental Science, 2003, 22(2): Abstract: The concentrations of six heavy metals were 60-63 determined in the fine fraction (63 μm) of surface sediments in the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent areas by Citation frenquency: 46 an inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy Numerical simulation study on three-dimensional (ICP-MS). The average contents of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cr and tidal flow and salinity in the Oujiang Estuary Zn are 10.47, 0.19, 37.68, 36.86, 97.80 and 98.65 mg·kg-1, JIANG Heng-zhi; SHEN Yong-ming; WANG Shou-dong respectively. The contents of As, Cd and Cr appear Abstract: Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) is gradually digressive from west to east, while the contents fully contaminant transport, and water quality- of Pb, Cr and Zn appear no apparent difference. In eutrophication simulation integrated Hydrodynamic, generally, the concentrations of heavy metals are higher in sediment transport, toxic capabilities. The model can be the south sea areas than those in the north sea areas. used for 1, 2, or 3-Dimensional physical and chemical Environmental assessment with single factor method simulation of rivers, lakes reservoirs estuaries, wetlands, ·24· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic and coastal regions. To study the Oujiang Estuary with Citation frenquency: 498 multi-islands, complex topography and flow patterns, the Development and evaluation of sediment quality model was applied to the simulation on tidal field and guidelines for Florida coastal waters salinity field in the Oujiang Estuary. Some parameters were MacDonald, DD; Carr, RS; Calder, FD; et al. calibrated and verified using observational data. The model Abstract: The weight-of-evidence approach to the data-comparisons are water elevation, flow velocity, and development of sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) was salinity and the simulation results agree with measured modified to support the derivation of biological data well. According to the simulation, the characteristics effects-based SQGs for Florida coastal waters. Numerical of tidal flow and salinity in Oujiang Estuary were analyzed, SQGs were derived for 34 substances, including nine trace which indicate the alternating currents are obvious in the metals, 13 individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons region of nearshore, estuary and Yueqing Bay, and the (PAHs), three groups of PAHs, total polychlorinated farther region from coast, the more obvious are the rotary biphenyls (PCBs), seven pesticides and one phthalate ester. currents. The salinity is mixed on the vertical distribution For each substance, a threshold effects level (TEL) and a in the estuary. The tidal current and salinity field were probable effects level (PEL) was calculated. These two re-acted successfully in Oujiang Estuary, the model can be values defined three ranges of chemical concentrations, applied in estuary and coastal regions. including those that were (1) rarely, (2) occasionally or Keywords: tidal flow; salinity; numerical simulation; (3) frequently associated with adverse effects. The EFDC SQGs were then evaluated to determine their degree of Source: Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2009, 24(1): agreement with other guidelines (an indicator of 63-70 comparability) and the percent incidence of adverse effects within each concentration range (an indicator of Citation frenquency: 568 reliability). The guidelines also were used to classify Large groundwater inputs to coastal waters (using a dichotomous system: toxic, with one or more revealed by 226Ra enrichments《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 exceedances of the PELs or non-toxic, with no Moore, WS exceedances of the TELs) sediment samples collected Abstract: The flow of ground water directly into the from various locations in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, coastal ocean has been studied previously by in situ The accuracy of these predictions was then evaluated measurements, seep meters and diffusion gradient models’. using the results of the biological tests that were Although these techniques provide ample evidence that performed on the same sediment samples. The resultant such flows occur, they do not provide a means of SQGs were demonstrated to provide practical, reliable quantifying the groundwater flux on a regional scale. and predictive tools for assessing sediment quality in Here I report large enrichments of 226Ra in coastal waters Florida and elsewhere in the southeastern portion of the of the South Atlantic Eight, and demonstrate that United States. groundwater discharge is the main source of the 226Ra Keywords: sediment quality guidelines; contaminants; surplus. Using 226Ra data for brackish ground waters with biological effects; marine; estuarine estimates of residence times of nearshore waters, I Source: Ecotoxicology, 1996, 5(4): 253-278 conclude that the groundwater flux to these coastal waters must be about 40% of the river-water flux during the Citation frenquency: 466 study period. Besides Ra, other metals, nutrients and Origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons organic compounds are expected to be enriched in (PAHs) in coastal marine sediments: Case studies brackish ground waters, so these findings require an in Cotonou (Benin) and Aquitaine (France) areas upward revision of terrestrial fluxes of dissolved Soclo, HH; Garrigues, P; Ewald, M materials to these coastal waters, and perhaps a Abstract: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were re-evaluation of such fluxes to the global ocean. These identified and quantified in recent sediments of the fluxes may be sensitive to hydrological factors, Cotonou coastal zones (Benin) in the total concentration groundwater usage, dredging and sea-level change. range 25-1450 ng·g-1, while the Aquitaine sediment Source: Nature, 1996, 380(6575): 612-614 samples (France) exhibited total PAH concentrations in the ·25· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 range 4-855 ng·g-1. The highest contents of PAHs were interface, in urbanized areas there are significant increases found in the harbours, as well in Cotonou as in the in the nutrient content of groundwater arriving at the Aquitaine region, with the maximum values in the Cotonou shore's edge. The groundwater seeps or flows through the harbour. However, the PAH concentrations were sediment-water boundary, and sufficient groundwater- comparable with those of slightly contaminated zones. borne nutrients (nitrogen in particular) traverse the Good correlations observed between a certain number of sediment-water boundary to cause significant changes in pairs of isomer PAH concentrations allowed to identify six the aquatic ecosystem. These loading-dependent alterations origin molecular indices that were used to identify the PAH include increased nutrients in water, greater primary contamination sources in the studied sampling stations: production by phytoplankton, and increased macroalgal Phe/ An, Flt/Py, Chry/BaA, LMW/HMW, Per/Sigma(PAH), biomass and growth (mediated by a suite of physiological and Per/Sigma(penta-aromatics). In general, the Cotonou responses to abundance of nutrients). The increased lagoon sampling sites were contaminated mainly by macroalgal biomass dominates the bay ecosystem through petrogenic PAHs, due to petroleum trade at individual scale second- or third-order effects such as alterations of nutrient along the lagoon, and also waste oils from mechanics status of water columns and increasing frequency of anoxic shops; the Aquitaine samples were polluted by pyrolytic events. The increases in seaweeds have decreased the areas origin PAHs. Interferences of rather petrogenic and covered by eelgrass habitats. The change in habitat type, pyrolytic PAH contaminations,pere noticed in the harbours plus the increased frequency of anoxic events, change the due to petroleum products deliveries and fuel combustion composition of the benthic fauna. The data make evident emissions from the ships staying alongside the quays. the importance of bottom-up control in shallow coastal Diagenetic origin of perylene was confirmed in this study, food webs. The coupling of land to sea by groundwater- but its possible formation by combustion of organic matter borne nutrient transport is mediated by a complex series of was also considered because of the relatively higher steps; the cascade of processes make it unlikely to find a concentrations of this PAH in the harbours of Cotonou and one-to-one relation between land use and conditions in the of Aquitaine region sediment《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 samples. aquatic ecosystem. Study of the process and synthesis by Keywords: PAH; sediments; origin indices; lagoon of appropriate models may provide a way to deal with the Cotonou; Estuary of Gironde; Arcachon Bay complexities of the coupling. Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000, 40(5): 387-396 Source: Estuaries, 1992, 15(4): 443-457 Citation frenquency: 413 Citation frenquency: 354 Couplings of watersheds and coastal waters- Variations in the light absorption coefficients of sources and consequences of nutrient enrichment phytoplankton, nonalgal particles, and dissolved in waquoit bay, massachusetts organic matter in coastal waters around Europe Valiela, I; Foreman, K; Lamontagne, M; et al. Babin, M; Stramski, D; Ferrari, GM; et al. Abstract: Human activities on coastal watersheds provide Abstract: We measured the absorption properties of the major sources of nutrients entering shallow coastal phytoplankton, nonalgal particles (NAP), and colored ecosystems. Nutrient loadings from watersheds are the dissolved organic matter (CDOM) at about 350 stations in most widespread factor that alters structure and function of various coastal waters around Europe including the English receiving aquatic ecosystems. To investigate this coupling Channel, Adriatic Sea, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and of land to marine systems, we are studying a series of North Sea. For comparison, we also collected data in the subwatersheds of Waquoit Bay that differ in degree of open ocean waters of North Atlantic. The exponential slope urbanization and hence are exposed to widely different of the CDOM absorption spectrum varied within a narrow nutrient loading rates. The subwatersheds differ in the range around 0.0176 nm-1 (SD=0.0020 nm-1). When data number of septic tanks and the relative acreage of forests. from all the regions were considered altogether, the In the area of our study, groundwater is the major relationship between phytoplankton absorption and mechanism that transports nutrients to coastal waters. chlorophyll concentration was generally similar to the one Although there is some attenuation of nutrient previously established for open oceanic waters. Our coastal concentrations within the aquifer or at the sediment-water data, however, show that significant departures from the ·26· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic general trend may occur due to peculiar pigment nearshore surface waters during the early spring of 1995 composition and cell size. In some coastal areas, high and during an 8-month period in 1996 and 1997, in situ phaeopigment concentrations gave rise to especially high hybridization experiments revealed that 5% to 14% of blue-to-red ratio of phytoplankton absorption. The NAP DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)-stained cells were absorption covaried with the particle dry weight. Most archaeal, corresponding to 0.9 × 104 to 2.7 × 104 archaeal absorption spectra of these particles were well described by cells per mi, in late winter 1996 samples. Analysis of an exponential function with a slope averaging 0.0123 nm-1 bacterial ribosomal DNA fragments by DGGE revealed (SD=0.0013 nm-1). In some highly turbid waters, the that the assemblage composition may reflect changes in spectra exhibited a signature possibly associated with iron water column stability, depth, or season. The data indicate oxides. In the Baltic Sea, NAP absorption systematically that changes in Antarctic seasons are accompanied by showed lower values at wavelengths shorter than 440 nm significant shifts in the species composition of than predicted from the fitted exponential function. bacterioplankton assemblages and by large decreases in Overall, the variability in the absorption properties of the relative proportion of archaeal rRNA in the nearshore European coastal waters showed some consistent patterns water column. despite the high diversity of the examined waters. Distinct Source: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998, features were identified in the phytoplankton and NAP 64(7): 2585-2595 components. An absorption budget is presented and parameterizations are proposed. Citation frenquency: 306 Keywords: absorption; particles; CDOM; phytoplankton; Changes in nutrient structure of river-dominated optics coastal waters: stoichiometric nutrient balance Source: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 2003, and its consequences 108(C7): 1-4 Justic, D; Rabalais, NN; Turner, RE Abstract: We present an analysis of extensive nutrient data Citation frenquency: 312 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅sets from two river-dominated coastal ecosystems, the Seasonal and spatial variability of bacterial and northern Adriatic Sea and the northern Gulf of Mexico, archaeal assemblages in the coastal waters near demonstrating significant changes in surface nutrient ratios Anvers Island, Antarctica over a period of 30 years. The silicon:nitrogen ratios have Murray, AE; Preston, CM; Massana, R; et al. decreased, indicating increased potential for silicon Abstract: A previous report of high levels of members of limitation. The nitrogen:phosphorus and the silicon: the domain Archaea in Antarctic coastal waters prompted phosphorus ratios have also changed substantially, and the us to investigate the ecology of Antarctic planktonic coastal nutrient structures have become more balanced and prokaryotes, rRNA hybridization techniques and potentially less limiting for phytoplankton growth. It is denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis likely that net phytoplankton productivity increased under of the bacterial V3 region were used to study variation in these conditions and was accompanied by increasing Antarctic picoplankton assemblages. In Anvers Island bottom water hypoxia and major changes in community nearshore waters during late winter to early spring, the species composition. These findings support the hypothesis amounts of archaeal rRNA ranged from 17.1 to 3.6% of that increasing coastal eutrophication to date may be the total picoplankton rRNA in 1996 and from 16.0 to associated with stoichiometric nutrient balance, due to 1.0% of the total rRNA in 1995, Offshore in the Palmer increasing potential for silicon limitation and decreasing Basin, the levels of archaeal rRNA throughout the water potential for nitrogen and phosphorus limitation. On a column were higher (average, 24% of the total rRNA) worldwide basis, coastal ecosystems adjacent to rivers during the same period in 1996. The archaeal rRNA levels influenced by anthropogenic nutrient loads may experience in nearshore waters followed a highly seasonal pattern similar alterations. and markedly decreased during the austral summer at two Keywords: nutrients; eutrophication; hypoxia; PO river; stations. There was a significant negative correlation Mississippi river; Adriatic sea; gulf of México between archaeal rRNA levels and phytoplankton levels Source: Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 1995, 40(3): las inferred from chlorophyll a concentrations) in 339-356 ·27· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Citation frenquency: 286 higher phytoplankton and macroalgal standing stocks, Atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS imagery for and more frequent or severe hypoxia. The negative turbid coastal and inland waters consequences of increased nutrient loading and Ruddick, KG; Ovidio, F; Rijkeboer, M; et al. stratification may be partly, but only temporarily, Abstract: The standard SeaWiFS atmospheric correction compensated by stronger or more frequent tropical storm algorithm, designed for open ocean water, has been activity in low and mid-latitudes. In anticipation of the extended for use over turbid coastal and inland waters. negative effects of global change, nutrient loadings to Failure of the standard algorithm over turbid waters can be coastal waters need to be reduced now, so that further attributed to invalid assumptions of zero water-leaving water quality degradation is prevented. radiance for the near-infrared bands at 765 and 865 nm. In Source: Ices Journal of Marine Science, 2002, 287(19): the present study these assumptions are replaced by the 2469-2475 assumptions of spatial homogeneity of the 765:865-nm ratios for aerosol reflectance and for water-leaving Citation frenquency: 257 reflectance. These two ratios are imposed as calibration Asia-Pacific mussel watch: Monitoring parameters after inspection of the Rayleigh-corrected contamination of persistent organochlorine reflectance scatterplot. The performance of the new compounds in coastal waters of Asian countries algorithm is demonstrated for imagery of Belgian coastal Monirith, I; Ueno, D; Takahashi, S; et al. waters and yields physically realistic water-leaving Abstract: Contamination of persistent organochlorines radiance spectra. A preliminary comparison with in situ (OCs) such as PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), DDT and radiance spectra fbr the Dutch Lake Markermeer shows its metabolites (DDTs), HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane) significant improvement over the standard atmospheric isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), and HCB correction algorithm. An analysis is made of the sensitivity (hexachlorobenzene) were examined in mussels collected of results to the choice of calibration parameters, and from coastal waters of Asian countries such as Cambodia, perspectives for application《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 of the method to other sensors China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, are briefly discussed. Malaysia, Philippines, Far East Russia, Singapore, and Source: Applied Optics, 2000, 39(6): 897-912 Vietnam in 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2001 to elucidate the contamination status, distribution and possible Citation frenquency: 273 pollution sources and to assess the risks on aquatic Global change and eutrophication of organisms and human. OCs were detected in all mussels coastal waters collected from all the sampling sites investigated. Rabalais, Nancy N.; Turner, R. Eugene; Considerable residue levels of p,p’-DDT and alpha-HCH Diaz, Robert J; et al. were found in mussels and the concentrations of DDTs and Abstract: The cumulative effects of global change, HCHs found in mussels from Asian developing countries including climate change, increased population, and more were higher than those in developed nations suggesting intense industrialization and agri-business, will likely present usage of DDTs and HCHs along the coastal waters continue and intensify the course of eutrophication in of Asian developing countries. On the other hand, lower estuarine and coastal waters. As a result, the symptoms of concentrations of PCBs detected in mussels from Asian eutrophication, such as noxious and harmful algal blooms, developing countries than those in developed countries reduced water quality, loss of habitat and natural resources, indicate that PCBs contamination in mussels is strongly and severity of hypoxia (oxygen depletion) and its extent in related to industrial and activities. To our knowledge, this estuaries and coastal waters will increase. Global climate is a first comprehensive report on monitoring OCs changes will likely result in higher water temperatures, pollution in the Asia-Pacific region. stronger stratification, and increased inflows of freshwater Keywords: organochlorine compounds (OCs); mussels; and nutrients to coastal waters in many areas of the globe. Asia-Pacific region; developing countries; developed Both past experience and model forecasts suggest that nations these changes will result in enhanced primary production, Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2003, 46(3): 281-300 ·28· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic ·Recommended Papers· Status and influencing factors of polychlorinated 22.31× 10-6, and 67.13× 10-6 respectively. The higher biphenyls(PCBs) pollution in the coastal values of heavy metal elements appear in the area from the areas in China Xiangshan to the Yueqing Bay, while the lower values LIU Min-xia; YANG Yu-yi; LI Qing-xiao; et al. occur along the Jiangsu coast. The comprehensive index Abstract: This review focused on the distribution, method was adopted for environmental quality assessment. pollution status, sources and influencing factors of PCBs in It is revealed that the heavily polluted area is located along the coastal areas(seawater, surface sediments and biota) in the channel of the Yangtze River, while slightly polluted China. A few main points are listed as follows: ①For area is near the Yangtze River Estuary and the area off coastal seawater, concentrations of PCBs were increasing Ningbo and Wenzhou. The area along the Jiangsu coat is from the north to the south and the highest concentrations rather clean. of PCBs were observed in the developed east coastal areas. Keywords: Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone; The concentrations of PCBs in most coastal areas were sediment; heavy metals; environment assessment higher than the seawater standard of U.S. EPA(30 ng·L-1), Source: Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2013, indicating that there was a high potential risk. ② Only a 33(5): 63-71 small part of surface sediments had PCBs concentrations higher than the ISQG(interim sediment quality guideline) Comprehensive evaluation of water quality in the and ERL(effects range-low) values, suggesting little offshore area of Leizhou Peninsula probability of causing biological adverse effects and SHI Cui; LIN Jinqing; XUE Qiao potential risk in surface sediments. ③ High- Abstract: Water quality of the offshore area along the molecular-weight PCBs(4, 5 and 6 chlorinated biphenyl) western coast of Leizhou Peninsula was investigated in were bio-accumulated in marine biota. The concentrations January, 2011. Based on the data, three aspects of the of PCBs in organisms were generally《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 lower than 2000 environmental quality of the investigated sea area were ng·L-1, which may have negligible effects on human assessed and discussed by using the methods of single health. ④ The main sources of PCBs were wastewater factor index, eutrophication level, and comprehensive discharged from factories and the leakage of dismantling fuzzy assessment. The results showed that: (1) the major PCBs from electronic wastes. Factors influencing the pollution factors of the sea surface water were petroleum concentrations and distribution of PCBs in the coastal areas and active phosphate (PO4-P), 100% of which exceeded the included distance from land, flow exchange situation, standards, and at some sampling stations the indexes such water-carrying capacity, season, sediment particle size and as pH and Cr6 also exceeded standards. (2) The nutrient in total organic carbon content. the investigated area was poor, the eutrophication level in Keywords: coastal areas; polychlorinated biphenyls the western coast offshore area was lower than that in the (PCBs); spatial distribution; pollution status; effect factors eastern. The content of active phosphate (PO4-P) in some Source: Environmental Science, 2013, 34(8): 3309-3315 sampling stations exceeded the class III water quality standard, that meant certain risk of pollution. (3) According Distribution pattern of heavy metals in the surface to the water quality sorting, water environment quality in sediments and environment quality evaluation for the western coast offshore area was higher than that in the the Yangtze River deltaic economic zone eastern. The high value of fuzzy membership grade LIU Shan-shan; ZHANG Yong; Gong Shu-yun; et al. appeared near the ports of Jianghong, Yanzao, Lemin and Abstract: This paper, based on the 1871 of geochemical Danchang. (4) That the detected items exceeded the data of surface sediments and other geological data, deals standards in surface water was influenced by offshore with the contents and distribution pattern of heavy metals operations, shipping oil wastewater and the upstream in the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone. The results pollutants. Jianghong Port is one of the ten largest fishing show that, in the surface sediments of the study area, the ports in Guangdong. In recent years, offshore operations average contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn are 8.12 × have become more and more frequent, ocean fishing and 10-6, 101.53×10-9, 74.79×10-6, 19.33×10-6, 34.87×10-9, farming have been developed greatly, in addition, there are ·29· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 few rivers pouring into the sea, and the hydrodynamics is Keywords: ocean; ecological functions; zoning; Changxi relatively weak in winter, leading to that the contents of island petroleum, activated phosphate and heavy metals exceed Source: Marine Sciences, 2013, 137(6): 89-94 the standards. The poor water quality of the sea surface near Lemin Port is caused by the pollutants from Tieshan causes and prevention mode on marine pollution Port. from the land-based activities or sources Keywords: Leizhou Peninsula; water quality; offshore (MPLBA) in China area; comprehensive evaluation GE Hua-qing; LAN Nan Source: Tropical Geography, 2013, 33(4): 387-393 Abstract: MPLBA is the negative environmental externalities and its basic reason is human economic Research on evolutionary game of offshore activities on land. Cumulative pollutants discharging into environmental regulation under the sea have far exceeded the environment capacity and emission-reduction constraint in China the self-purification capacity of the sea. MPLBA is not YUAN Fang only detrimental to wise use of sea area but also Abstract: The paper presents a new theoretical framework disadvantageous in the coastal development. In the past that accounts for the dynamic among different generation thirty years pollution prevention and control of MPLBA plays, system parameters and regulatory, and establishes have been in a passive supervision by the policies or laws the model of the offshore environment regulation. We in China. Some policies or laws were lack of predictability prove the strategies stability between plays and the process and effectiveness. Thus pollution damages of MPLBA derivational. The empirical dates is employed to estimated have been sustained increasing. To protect the coastal the model using administrative execution of offshore ecosystems we should establish integrated pollution dumping from 2000 to 2011. In the conclusion, the paper prevention and control system between the sea and the land concludes with some suggestions, and help for coastal in China. environmental regulation. 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Keywords: MPLBA; negative environmental externalities; Keywords: emission-reduction; evolutionary game; passive regulatory; integrated pollution prevention and environment regulation; duplicate trend control Source: Ecological Economy, 2013, (5): 29-34 Source: China Soft Science, 2014, (2): 22-31 The index system and technology method of The cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation marine ecological function zoning in small scale: of seawater quality in the coastal area along the A case study of offshore area in Changxing island Leizhou Peninsula in summer XU Yan; LIANG Bin; LAN Dong-dong; et al. XIE Qun; ZHANG Yu-bin; ZHANG Biao-biao; et al. Abstract: Taking marine ecosystem of Changxing Island Abstract: The seawater quality was analyzed at 57 in Liaoning province as research object, based on analysis monitoring stations in the coastal area along the Leizhou of characteristics of natural environment and marine Peninsula in summer based on the methods of cluster ecosystem service function, the technical methodology analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and the system was established according to the principle of proposals for pollution control was put forward. In the ecological function zoning. The offshore sea of Changxing present study, the 17 monitoring indicators were reduced Island is divided into three ecological function areas which into the 6 principal components by the R cluster method. are ecological protected area, ecological maintenance area The 57 monitoring stations were divided into 3 groups and development and utilization area, accounting for using the Q cluster method. The monitoring stations in 47.17%, 18.04% and 34.78%, respectively. The results of Leizhou Peninsula coastal were divided into 3 sorts by the marine ecological function zoning can provide important fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the first-classed basis for the ecological protection and construction of seawater, the second-classed seawater and the Changxing Island in the future. The regional industrial fourth-classed seawater respectively. The seawater quality structure and layout can make adjustments according to the was better in surface seawater than in bottom seawater. ecological environment problem in each area. The cluster analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation ·30· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic revealed some similarities and complementarities. They 35(11): 1-7 reflected more scientifically and objectively the actual environmental conditions, which was beneficial to guided Distribution features and seasonal variability of the marine planning and management. the transparency in offshore waters of China Keywords: Leizhou Peninsula; cluster analysis; fuzzy XUE Yu-huan; XIONG Xue-jun; LIU Yan-qing comprehensive evaluation; principal component analysis Abstract: This study analyzes the seawater transparency Source: Marine Environmental Science, 2014, 33(4): data in the offshore waters of China measured from 2006 to 617-619 2007. The seasonal distribution of the transparency was obtained. The results show that the distribution of the Carbon cycling processes and carbon fixed by transparency is mainly influenced by the water depth and organisms in China marginal seas the runoff into the sea. In general, the transparency SONG Jin-ming increases from the Bohai Sea to the South China Sea. Its Abstract: In the paper, carbon cycling processes and contours tend to be parallel to the isobaths and show a low carbon fixed by organisms in China marginal seas are value in the shallow waters and a high value in the deep reviewed. The carbon cycling processes include CO2 fluxes waters, excluding the areas nearby the Changjiang River between atmosphere and seawater, carbon biological pump Estuary. In addition, the results also show minimum values process, carbon sink/release in particulates and carbon in winter and maxmum values in summer based on the transfer in fishing/culture. China marginal sea is a sink area statistics. This study also indicates that the transparency in of CO2 in the air, but some coastal parts are source areas the Bohai Sea, Changjiang River Estuary and its eastern such as the Jiaozhou Bay and the Changjiang estuary. The areas, the western region off the Hainan Island decreases mean annual sink strength of atmospheric CO2 in China prominently compared with the historical data. marginal seas is about 30 million ton carbon per year. The Keywords: seawater transparency; distribution features of source/sink strength is controlled by sea surface transparency; seasonal variability of transparency; offshore temperature(SST), phytoplankton《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 production and seawater waters of China mixing process in different sea-regions and seasons. The Source: Advances in Marine Science, 2015, 34(6): amount of fixed carbon by phytoplankton is about 891 -897 8 6.39 × 10 t/a in China marginal seas, in which 65.3% carbon is fixed in spring and summer. The carbon fixation Ecosystem health assessment of the petrochemical 8 ability of the South China Sea is about 4.16 × 10 t/a, sewage waters in Daya Bay which is double of that in Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and XU Shan-nan; CHEN Zuo-zhi; LIN Ling; et al. the East China Sea. Fishing and culture can increase carbon Abstract: Using the model of health assessment of a sink strength. In recent years, the yield of large-size marine coastal ecosystem, we assessed the petrochemical economic seaweeds in China marginal seas is about sewage waters in Daya Bay using the ecological survey 6 6 1.20 × 10 -1.50×10 t/a, so their fixed carbon is about data of 2011 and 2012. The results showed that the 5 4.0 × 10 t/a. If the seaweed yield amount increase by 5% ecosystem health comprehensive index(EHCI)of the every year in China marginal seas, carbon fixed amount of petrochemical sewage waters suggesting that the ecosystem the large-sized economic seaweeds may reach to 9.3×105 health was at a “good” of Daya Bay level. Spatial during t/a up to 2020. Therefore, algae breeding is an important the flood season(August 2011)was 0.808, distribution of technique for increasing marine carbon sink with multi- EHCIs of inshore waters was that of offshore waters, and values. To reveal the fishing/culture eco-environment, the comprehensive biodiversity index of benthos was found establish the method for grading the carbon sink of to be the negatively affected ecosystem health. The EHCI fishing/culture and study the recycling period of of the petrochemical 0.767, higher be the suggesting that fishing/culture carbon sink are very important in the future. ecosystem health was at a “moderate” level. Spatial sewage Keywords: carbon cycling process; carbon fixation; waters in the dry season primary(January higher factor phytoplankton; fishing/culture carbon sink; China marginal 2012) distribution of EHCIs of offshore waters, as than that seas of inshore waters, and the comprehensive biodiversity Source: Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2015, indices of phytoplankton and benthos were found to ·31· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 primary factors that negatively affected ecosystem health. and low biodiversity due to economic Sanmen Bay, and Compared and changed from to 2006 petrochemical some other river estuaries. These regions have poor sewage waters in Daya Bay was deteriorating “good” to development, construction of large sea-helated projects, and 2007, health status of the “moderate”. overfishing, and serious water pollution. In addition, the Keywords: bay ecosystem; health assessment; indicator complexity and high turbidity of the water around the system; petrochemical sewage waters; Daya Bay northern shores of Zhejiang Province indicated that the Source: Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(5): 1421-1430 cause weak ocean primary productivity, which affects the health of the entire ecosystem. (3) The unhealthy areas are A GIS-based health assessment of the offshore mainly distributed in the vicinities of the coast, estuaries, marine ecosystem in north Zhejiang Province and harbors, analysis and the distribution of these areas LI Zhi-peng; DU Zhen-hong; ZHANG Feng; et al. with low ecological environment is similar to the human Abstract: The coastal waters around the northern part of activities pattern, which suggests that human activities the Zhejiang Province are confronted by serious environmental main factors affecting the quality health status of this threats caused by the rapid development of the economy marine ecosystem. In general, environment quality in and highly efficient use of marine resources. In order to coastal waters around northern Zhejiang Province reduce and mitigate the possible negative effects of larger progressively worsened between 2009 ecological and 2012. sea-related projects on the marine ecological environment, This empirical study shows that the index system we built an evaluation index system to assess the offshore constructed for eco-environmental quality assessment and ecological environmental quality by analyzing the the method adopted reflects the actual state of a particular complexity and high turbidity of the water around the ecosystem and the internal relationships of the ecological northern part of Zhejiang Province, as well as system. Furthermore, our study results can provide a implementing an AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)method scientific basis for improving ecological environmental based on three aspects: water environment, depositional quality in the northern coastal waters of Zhejiang Province. environment, and marine biodiversity.《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 We used the entropy Keywords: Eco-environmental quality; GIS; spatial weight method to determine the weight of the relevant interpolation; hotspot analysis factors, and used the comprehensive index weighting Source: Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(24): 8183-8193 method to calculate the marine ecological environment comprehensive index S. When S ≥ 75, it implies that Distribution and Sources of Heavy Metals in marine ecosystem is healthy; when 60≤S<75, it suggests Surface Sediments, Northern South China Sea that marine ecosystem is sub-healthy; And when S<60, it CHEN Liang; LI Tuan-jie; YANG Wen-feng; et al. indicates that the marine ecosystem is unhealthy. On the Abstract: About 4000 sediment samples have been basis of this, we integrated GIS spatial analysis methods grabbed from the bottom of the northern South China Sea with a mathematical model to practically study, on a macro to further understanding distribution and sources of heavy scale, the coastal water around the northern shores of metals. Grain sizes of all samples have been measured by Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2012. The results were as the composition of Mastersizer 1000 and sieving method, follows: (1) the ecological environmental quality of the the content of heavy metals for more than 1000 samples coastal water around the northern shores of Zhejiang have been tested by ICP-AES (samples from Pearl River Province are in an unhealthy state, especially in Hangzhou Estuary) and ICP-MS (samples from other parts), and the Bay, Xiangshan Harbor, Sanmen Bay, and Ningbo-Zhou distribution and relationship between the content of four Shan sea area. The high inorganic nitrogen and phosphate heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr)as well as the mean of the contents quality of this environment. These factors cause grain size have been analyzed. The results indicate similar and weak ocean primary productivity are the main factors distribution of four heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr), with affecting the serious marine pollution in this area. (2) The relative high values are mainly came from the Pearl River hotspot the Ningbo-Zhou Shan coastal waters, Hangzhou Estuary declining to the west. Compared to the Chinese Bay, organic pollutant index values, high levels of first-class sediment standard, regions of above-standard Pb eutrophication, and analysis results showed that the and Zn are mainly distributed in the Pearl River Estuary pollutants are mainly concentrated in biological survival and offshore to the west of Hailing Island. Above-standard ·32· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic of Cu and Cr values are distributed from Pearl river estuary environmental variables, especially COD and the nutrients; to Yangjiang sea area alongshore, and above-standard Cr is (3) five dominant species (Hartmannula angustipilosa, also distributed widely in Beibu Gulf. There is a strong Metaurostylopsis sp.1, Discocephalus ehrenbergi, correlation between the four heavy metals, indicating that Stephanopogon minuta and Pseudovorticella paracratera) the elements have the same origin, with the gradient were significantly correlated with nutrients or COD; and indicating the source up the Pearl River. We also found (4) the species richness measure was significantly four heavy metal enrichment areas in the northern South correlated with the nutrient NO3-N. It is suggested that China Sea alongshore area, and analyzed the source and biofilm-dwelling ciliate communities might be used as a formation mechanism combine with the ocean currents in potentially robust bioindicator for discriminating this region. We conclude that the heavy metals around environmental quality status in coastal waters. Qiongzhou Strait mainly derive from Pearl River, with the Keywords: maine bioassessment; environmental stress; most distal deposits to the east of Beibu Gulf. Pollution field community; biofilm-dwelling ciliate; artificial characteristics and ecological risk have been evaluated by substratum; coastal waters the Hakanson potential ecological risk model. The results Source: Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 470: show that there are three middle level risk areas in the 511-518 studied region, which spread mainly from the Pearl River Estuary to the west of Hailing Island. An overview of ecological status, vulnerability and Keywords: heavy metal; sediment; grain size; provenance; future perspectives of European large shallow, north of South China Sea semi-enclosed coastal systems, lagoons and Source: Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2016, transitional waters 25(3): 464-470 Newton, Alice; Icely, John; Cristina, Sonia; et al. Abstract: The paper gives an overview of some of the Use of biofilm-dwelling ciliate communities to large, shallow, semi-enclosed coastal systems (SECS) in determine environmental《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 quality status of Europe. These SECS are important both from the ecological coastal waters and the economic perspective (socio-ecological systems) Xu, Henglong; Hang, Wei; Jiang, Yong; et al. and provide many valuable ecosystem goods and services. Abstract: It has increasingly been recognized that the Source: Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2014, 140: ecological features of protozoan communities have many 95-122 advantages as a favorable bioindicator to evaluate environmental stress and anthropogenic impact in many Emerging organic contaminants in coastal waters: aquatic ecosystems. The ability of biofilm-dwelling ciliate Anthropogenic impact, environmental release and communities for assessing environmental quality status ecological risk was studied, using glass slides as an artificial substratum, Jiang, Jheng-Jie; Lee, Chon-Lin; Fang, Meng-Der during a 1-year cycle (August 2011 July 2012) in coastal Abstract: This study provides a first estimate of the waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China. The samples sources, distribution, and risk presented by emerging were collected monthly at a depth of 1 m from four organic contaminants (EOCs) in coastal waters off sampling stations with a spatial gradient of environmental southwestern Taiwan. Ten illicit drugs, seven nonsteroidal stress. Environmental variables, e.g., salinity, dissolved anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), five antibiotics, two oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate blood lipid regulators, two antiepileptic drugs, two UV nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and filters, caffeine, atenolol, and omeprazole were analyzed by soluble reactive phosphates (SRP), were measured solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled synchronously for comparison with biotic parameters. to tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS). Thirteen Results showed that: (1) the community structures of EOCs were detected in coastal waters, including four the ciliates represented significant differences among the NSAIDs (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and four sampling stations; (2) spatial patterns of the ciliate codeine), three antibiotics (ampicillin, erythromycin, and communities were significantly correlated with cefalexin), three illicit drugs (ketamine, pseudoephedrine, ·33· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 and MDMA), caffeine, carbamazepine, and gemfibrozil. Marine protist diversity in European coastal The median concentrations for the 13 EOCs ranged from waters and sediments as revealed by 1.47 ng/L to 156 ng/L. Spatial variation in concentration of high-throughput sequencing the 13 EOCs suggests discharge into coastal waters via Massana, Ramon; Gobet, Angelique; ocean outfall pipes and rivers. Codeine and ampicillin have Audic, Stephane; et al. significant pollution risk quotients (RQ>1), indicating Abstract: Although protists are critical components of potentially high risk to aquatic organisms in coastal waters. marine ecosystems, they are still poorly characterized. Keywords: emerging organic contaminants; coastal Here we analysed the taxonomic diversity of planktonic waters; anthropogenic input; ocean outfall; principal and benthic protist communities collected in six distant component analysis; risk quotient European coastal sites. Environmental deoxyribonucleic Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2014, 34(11): 907-929 acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) from three size fractions (pico-, nano- and micro/mesoplankton), as well as Integrated assessment of heavy metal pollution in from dissolved DNA and surface sediments were used as the surface sediments of the Laizhou Bay and the templates for tag pyrosequencing of the V4 region of the coastal waters of the Zhangzi Island, China: 18S ribosomal DNA. Beta-diversity analyses split the Comparison among typical marine protist community structure into three main clusters: picoplankton-nanoplankton-dissolved DNA, micro/meso- sediment quality indices plankton and sediments. Within each cluster, protist Zhuang, Wen; Gao, Xuelu communities from the same site and time clustered Abstract: The total concentrations and chemical forms of together, while communities from the same site but heavy metals ( Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the surface different seasons were unrelated. Both DNA and RNA- sediments of the Laizhou Bay and the surrounding marine based surveys provided similar relative abundances for most area of the Zhangzi Island ( hereafter referred to as Zhangzi class-level taxonomic groups. Yet, particular groups were Island for short) were obtained and multiple indices and overrepresented in one of the two templates, such as marine guidelines were applied to 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅assess their contamination and alveolates (MALV)-I and MALV-II that were much more ecological risks. The sedimentary conditions were fine in abundant in DNA surveys. Overall, the groups displaying the both of the two studied areas according to the marine highest relative contribution were Dinophyceae, Diatomea, sediment quality of China. Whereas the probable effects Ciliophora and Acantharia. Also, well represented were level guideline suggested that Ni might cause adverse Mamiellophyceae, Cryptomonadales, marine alveolates biological effects to occur frequently in some sites. All and marine stramenopiles in the picoplankton, and indices used suggested that Cd posed the highest Monadofilosa and basal Fungi in sediments. Our extensive environmental risk in both the Laizhou Bay and the and systematic sequencing of geographically separated Zhangzi Island, though Cd may unlikely be harmful to sites provides the most comprehensive molecular human and ecological health due to the very low total description of coastal marine protist diversity to date. concentrations. The enrichment factor (EF) showed that a Source: Environmental Microbiology, 2015, 17(10): substantial portion of Cr was delivered from anthropogenic 4035-4049 sources, whereas the risk assessment code (RAC) indicated that most Cr was in an inactive state that it may not have Spatial and temporal analysis of the risks posed by any adverse effect either. Moreover, the results of EF and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polychlorinated geoaccumulation index were consistent with the trend of biphenyl and metal contaminants in sediments the total metal concentrations except for Cd, while the in UK estuaries and coastal waters results of RAC and potential ecological risk factor did not Nicolaus, E. E. Manuel; Law, Robin J.; follow the same trend of their corresponding total metal Wright, Serena R; et al. concentrations. We also evaluated the effects of using Abstract: The environmental risks of 22 contaminants, different indices to assess the environmental impact of comprising 6 metals, 10 PAHs and 6 PCB congeners these heavy metals. occurring in UK estuaries and coastal waters were assessed Source: PLoS One, 2014, 9(4): e94145 as single substances. Sediment samples were taken within ·34· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic 12 nautical miles of the English and Welsh coastlines Testing the water: Understanding stakeholder between 1999 and 2011. The measured environmental readiness for strategic coastal and marine concentrations were compared to quality standards management including EEL, ERM and EAC, all of which have been Mason, Claire M.; Lim-Camacho, Lilly; established internationally. Out of a total of 38031 Scheepers, Kelly; et al. individual samples analysed, 42.6% and 7.7% exceeded the Abstract: We argue that stakeholder commitment and ERL/EAC and ERM values, respectively. The highest Risk cooperation is essential for the success of strategic coastal Characterisation Ratios (RCRs) for metals, PAHs and and marine management initiatives and draw upon social PCBs were observed for copper, fluorene and CBI 18 identity theory to explain how inter-group relationships can (2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl). In general, the highest either support or hinder cooperation across stakeholder concentrations of PAHs and PCBs were observed in 2011 groups. We analyse data from interviews carried out with in the Lower Medway indicating a potential risk to the 24 coastal and marine stakeholders from the Northern aquatic environment. This study suggests that re- Territory, Australia, looking at how stakeholders describe suspension of contaminants banned over 20 years ago is their objectives for coastal and marine management and still an ongoing issue. evidence of social identity effects either facilitating or Keywords: contaminants; marine sediments; risk impeding cooperation between stakeholders. While most characterisation ratio; environmental quality standards participants sought improvements to coastal and marine (EAC, ERM, ERL) management, only some were thinking in terms of a more Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015, 95(1): 496-479 regional-scale, forward-looking and integrated approach. Strong social identity effects inhibiting cooperation Modelling of ship engine exhaust emissions in between stakeholders were evident in many of the ports and extensive coastal waters based on interviews. However, the interviews also revealed shared terrestrial AIS data: An Australian case study objectives (e.g., the need for more data, to avoid Goldsworthy, Laurie; Goldsworthy,《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Brett duplication of effort, and more transparent and systematic Abstract: A model is developed to calculate and spatially decision-making) that could serve as a basis for developing allocate ship engine exhaust emissions in ports and a common social identity, and fostering the commitment extensive coastal waters using terrestrial Automatic and cooperation needed for strategic coastal and marine Identification System data for ship movements and management initiatives. operating modes. The model is applied to the Australian Keywords: marine management; stakeholder analysis; region. The large geographical extent and number of social identity theory; strategic assessment; ecosystems included ports and vessels, and anomalies in the AIS data approach are challenging. Particular attention is paid to filtering of Source: Ocean & Coastal Management, 2015, 104: 45-56 the movement data to remove anomalies and assign correct operating modes. Data gaps are filled by interpolation and Microplastics in coastal sediments from Southern extrapolation. Emissions and fuel consumption are Portuguese shelf waters calculated for each individual vessel at frequent intervals Frias, J.P.G.L.; Gago, J; Otero, V; et al. and categorised by ship type, ship size, operating mode and Abstract: Microplastics are well-documented pollutants in machinery type. Comparisons of calculated port emissions the marine environment that result from fragmentation of with conventional inventories and ship visit data are larger plastic items. Due to their long chemical chains, they favourable. Estimations of ship emissions from regions can remain in the environment for long periods of time. It within a 300 km radius of major capital cities suggest that a is estimated that the vast majority (80%) of marine litter non-negligible percentage of air pollutants may come from derives from land sources and that 70% will sink and ships. remain at the bottom of the ocean. Microplastics that result Keywords: ship engine exhaust emissions; AIS movement from fragmentation of larger pieces of plastic are common data; extensive coastal region; AIS data filtering; regional to be found in beaches and in the water surface. The most inventory; emissions mapping common microplastics are pellets, fragments and fibres. Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015, 63: 45-60 This work provides original data of the presence of ·35· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 microplastics in coastal sediments from Southern Into the deep: Evaluation of sourcetracker for Portuguese shelf waters, reporting on microplastic assessment of faecal contamination of concentration and polymer types. Microplastic particles coastal waters were found in nearly 56% of sediment samples, accounting Henry, Rebekah; Schang, Christelle; Coutts, Scott; et al. a total of 31 particles in 27 samples. The vast majority Abstract: Faecal contamination of recreational waters is were microfibers (25), identified as rayon fibres, and an increasing global health concern. Tracing the source of fragments (6) identified as polypropylene, through infrared the contaminant is a vital step towards mitigation and spectroscopy (mu-FTIR). The concentration and polymer disease prevention. Total 16S rRNA amplicon data for a type data is consistent with other relevant studies and specific environment (faeces, water, soil) and reports worldwide. computational tools such as the Markov-Chain Monte Keywords: marine litter; microplastics; FTIR; MSFD; Carlo based SourceTracker can be applied to microbial algarve; portugal source tracking (MST) and attribution studies. The current Source: Marine Environmental Research, 2016, 114: 24-30 study applied artificial and in-laboratory derived bacterial communities to define the potential and limitations Microplastics in mussels along the coastal waters associated with the use of SourceTracker, prior to its of China application for faecal source tracking at three recreational Li, Jiana; Qu, Xiaoyun; Su, Lei; et al. beaches near Port Phillip Bay (Victoria, Australia). The Abstract: Microplastic has been confirmed as an emerging results demonstrated that at minimum multiple model runs pollutant in marine environments. One of the primary of the SourceTracker modelling tool (i.e. technical environmental risks of microplastics is their bioavailability replicates) were required to identify potential false positive for aquatic organisms. Bivalves are of particular interest predictions. The calculation of relative standard deviations because their extensive filter-feeding activity exposes them (RSDs) for each attributed source improved overall directly to microplastics present in the water column. In the predictive confidence in the results. In general, default present study, we investigated《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 microplastic pollution in parameter settings provided high sensitivity, specificity, mussels (Mytilus edulis) from 22 sites along 12400 mile accuracy and precision. Application of SourceTracker to coastlines of China in 2015. The number of total recreational beach samples identified treated effluent as microplastics varied from 0.9 to 4.6 items/g and from 1.5 major source of human derived faecal contamination, to 7.6 items/individual. M. edulis contained more present in 69% of samples. Site-specific sources, such as microplastics (2.7 items/g) in wild groups than that (1.6 raw sewage, stormwater and bacterial populations items/g) in farmed groups. The abundance of microplastics associated with the Yarra River estuary were also was 3.3 items/g in mussels from the areas with intensive identified. Rainfall and associated sand resuspension at human activities and significantly higher than that (1.6 each location correlated with observed human faecal items/g) with less human activities. The most common indicators. The results of the optimised SourceTracker microplastics were fibers, followed by fragments. The analysis suggests that local sources of contamination have proportion of microplastics less than 250 gm in size the greatest effect on recreational coastal water quality. arranged from 17% to 79% of the total microplastics. Keywords: microbial source tracking; coastal waters; Diatom was distinguished from microplastics in mussels bacterial communities; 16S rRNA amplicon; sourceTracker; for the first time using Scanning Electron Microscope. Our faecal contamination results suggested that the numbers of microplastic kept Source: Water Research, 2016, 93: 242-253 within a relatively narrow range in mussels and were closely related to the contamination of the environments. Presence of pharmaceuticals and heavy metals in We proposed that mussels could be used as a potential the waters of a Mediterranean coastal wetland: bioindicator of microplastic pollution of the coastal Potential interactions and the influence of the environment. environment Keywords: microplastic; mussels; biomonitoring; Andreu, V; Gimeno-Garcia, E.; Pascual, J.A; et al. seafood Abstract: The occurrence of 17 relevant pharmaceuticals Source: Environmental Pollution, 2016, 214: 177-184 and 7 heavy metals in the waters of the Pego-Oliva ·36· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Hot Topic Marsh Natural Park (Valencia Community, Spain) were Keywords: reclamation; ecosystem health; coastal monitored. Thirty four zones (including the lagoon and ecosystem; marine management; assessment model; Bohai the most important irrigation channels), covering the Sea main land uses and water sources, were selected for Source: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2016, 103: 144-150 sampling. Thirty three of them were contaminated with at least one pharmaceutical. Ibuprofen and codeine Environmental occurrence and ecological risk were the pharmaceuticals more frequently detected, in assessment of organic UV filters in marine concentrations between 4.8 and 12 ng/L and a maximum organisms from Hong Kong coastal waters of 59 ng/L and 63 ng/L, respectively. Regarding metals, Sang, Ziye; Leung, Kelvin Sze-Yin Zn showed values under the detection limit in all the Abstract: Organic UV filters, now considered to be samples, while Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb were detected at emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, are being concentrations lower than the WHO and EU maximum intensively tracked in environmental waters worldwide. levels for drinking waters. Ni showed significant direct However, their environmental fate and impact of these correlations with diazepam, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and contaminants on marine organisms remains largely fenofibrate, and inverse relationships with ibuprofen, at 99 unknown, especially in Asia. This work elucidates the and 95% of significance. Cu, Co and Cr also showed occurrence and the ecological risks of seven UV filters significant correlations with some of the pharmaceuticals. detected in farmed fish, wild mussels and some other wild These interactions could favor the synergistic/antagonistic organisms collected from local mariculture farms in Hong interactions among pharmaceuticals and metals in the Kong. For all of the organisms, ethylhexyl marsh, which can affect its aquatic fauna and flora or even methoxycinnamate (EHMC) and octyl dimethyl human health. The influences of the water sources, land p-aminobenzoic acid (OD-PABA) were the predominant uses and spatial distribution of both types of contaminants contaminants with the highest concentrations up to 51.3 were also studied. and 24.1 ng/g (dw), respectively; lower levels were found Keywords: coastal wetlands;《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 heavy metals; for benzophenone- 8 (BP-8), octocrylene (OC) and pharmaceuticals; water; human pressure benzophenone-3 (BP-3) from ·37· Hot Topic Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 reduced and oxidized sides of the nitrogen cycle. These sampling points in the study's coastal area in May, August, steps are typically tightly coupled with the primary and October 2011, the seasonal and spatial characteristics intermediate, nitrite, rarely accumulating in coastal of the chemical indicators and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) were environments. Nitrite concentrations can exceed 10 μm analyzed. The chemical indicators for pH, chemical oxygen during summer in estuarine waters adjacent to Sapelo demand (COD), and reactive silicate (SiO3-Si) showed Island, Georgia, U.S.A. Similar peaks at other locations higher concentrations in the summer than in the spring and have been attributed to decoupling of the two steps of fall, whereas the nutrients of reactive phosphate (PO4-P) nitrification by hypoxia; however, the waters around and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) presented complex Sapelo Island are aerobic and well mixed. Experiments seasonal characteristics under the combined influence of examining the response to temperature shifts of a nitrifying abundant nutrients from rivers and nutrient consumption by assemblage composed of the same organisms found in the large algal bloom in August. Subsequently, two methods a field indicate that ammonia- and nitrite-oxidation become fuzzy, integrated assessment and an organic pollution index uncoupled between 20 and 30 degrees C, leading to nitrite were used to characterize the organic pollution. The trophic accumulation. This suggests that nitrite peaks in coastal status of most coastal waters were oligotrophic and waters might be explained by differences in the responses mesotrophic, and most coastal waters were clean in spring of ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizers to increased summer and summer, except in the vicinity of the harbor and temperatures. Analysis of field data from 270 stations in 29 estuaries, where the organic pollution index was generally temperate and subtropical estuaries and lagoons show high. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficients of various transient accumulation of nitrite driven primarily by water variables were analyzed, which demonstrated that, commonly, temperatures, rather than by hypoxia. Increased climate there was a significant positive correlation between COD and variability and warming coastal waters may therefore Chl-a. Because algal blooms in August changed the increase the frequency of these nitrite peaks, with potential nutrients structure of the coastal waters, Chl-a, in a ecosystem consequences that include increased N2O remarkably high concentration, had significant correlation production, NO － toxicity, and shifts in phytoplankton with NO -N, the atomic N/P ratio, and the atomic N/Si 2 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅2 community composition. ratio. The algal bloom aggravated the current P limitation, Source: Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, and the atomic N/P ratio, the PO4-P concentration, and the 51(6): 3157-3164 COD can be selected as the three most-sensitive indicators of algal bloom in Qinhuangdao coastal water. These Analysis of chlorophyll-a correlation to findings have provided scientific supports for local determine nutrient limitations in the authorities who are taking measures to control pollution coastal waters of the Bohai Sea, China emissions and to prevent the recurrence of algal blooms. Mao, Xiaodan; Kuang, Cuiping; Gu, Jie; et al. Keywords: Algal bloom; trophic status; fuzzy integrated Abstract: The coastal water of Qinhuangdao, a famous assessment; organic pollution index; temperate coastal resort located in the NW of the Bohai Sea, China, suffered water; water quality algal bloom for a consecutive 3 years by 2011, causing Source: Journal of Coastal Research, 2017, 33(2): great economic loss. Based on measurements at 46 396-407 Responsible Editor: WEI Xia-wen ·38· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Cover Papers Agronomy Estimation on chlorophyll content of cotton based on optimized spectral index WANG Shuo, CHANG Qing-rui, LIU Meng-yun, et al. Abstract: In order to improve the estimation accuracy of cotton chlorophyll content based on hyperspectral vegetation index, the spectral reflectance of cotton leaves in blooming stage in Guanzhong region was applied to analyze the relationship between 12 extracted vegetation index and chlorophyll content of cotton leaves. By using fine sampling method, a systematic analysis was undertaken on the quantitative relationship between chlorophyll content of cotton leaves and major hyper spectral index RSI (Ration spectral index), which was composed of any two wavebands with original reflectance within the full spectral range of 400-2000 nm. The results showed that: 1) The correlation coefficient between SPAD value and NIR/NIR was 0.914, which is highest among the twelve extracted vegetation index.And the regression equation model based on NIR/NIR was better than model based other extracted vegetation index. The conic regression model was the best of all SPAD estimation models. The determination coefficients of training model and test model were 0.900 and 0.785, respectively, RMSE was 4.762, and RE was 7.86%; 2) The optimized ratio of spectral index RSI of the sensitive wavelengths were 500 and 563 nm, respectively. The correlation coefficient between RSI (500, 563) and SPAD value was 0.999, and SPAD value of cotton leaves under the 0.01 level was significantly correlated. The conic regression model was the best of all SPAD estimation models. Its determination coefficients of training model and test model were 0.912 and 1 respectively, RMSE was 2.848, and RE was 4.38%. In conclusion, the extracted twelve vegetation index model based on quadratic equation had high degree of coincidence between the estimated and measured《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 values. The analyses above further proved that the optimized spectral index RSI based on the wave bands combination could better predict the chlorophyll content of cotton leaves. Keywords: cotton; chlorophyll content; spectral index; optimized algorithm Source: Journal of China Agricultural University, 2017, 22(4): 16-27 Email: CHANG Qing-rui, [email protected] Basic Theory of Environmental Science Pollution and exposure characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor dust in Xinxiang, China CAO Zhi-guo, ZHAO Lei-cheng, SHI Yu-meng, et al. Abstract: To investigate the contamination levels, sources, human exposure and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor environment, 15 PAHs were measured in 22 indoor dust samples collected from middle school students’ house in the urban area of Xinxiang, China. The results showed that the detection rates of the 15 EPA priority PAHs in the indoor dust samples were all 100%. ∑PAHs concentrations in the indoor dust ranged from 203 to 9500 ng·g-1 with a mean of 2100 ng·g-1. PAHs in indoor dust mainly consisted of 4 ring components, accounting for 38.1% of the total. The isomer ratios indicated that the dust-borne PAHs were derived primarily from the incomplete combustion of grasses, wood and coal. Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) analysis showed that the ILCRs values of the three exposure pathway ranked as dermal contact > ingestion > inhalation, indicating that the dominant exposure pathway of PAHs in indoor dust was dermal contact. The CR values of six sampling sites were within the acceptable safety range, and the other sampling sites represented potential health risks. PAHs contamination in this study should cause more attention in the future. ·39· Cover Papers Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Keywords: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; household indoor dust; source apportionment; human exposure; Xinxiang Source: Environmental Chemistry, 2017, 36(3): 463-471 Email: SHEN Mo-hai, [email protected] Botany Variation and correlation analyses of total anthocyanin content of brown rice (Oryza sativa) in F5 lines from japonica rice cross combination Longjin 1/Xiangruanmi 1578 SUN Ming-mao, HAN Long-zhi Abstract: With increasing environmental pollution and attention to people’s health, functional foods become popular in the world. As a member of rice family, pigmented rice is rich in trace elements, anthocyanins, alkaloids and other functional ingredients, which has become one of the hotspots of functional food research and development. In this study, 214 F5 lines that derived from japonica rice cross Longjin l/Xiangruanmi 1578 were employed. The variation and correlation analyses among total anthocyanin cnntent, grain color grade and thousand grain weight of brown rice for 214 F5 lines were conducted. Grain color grade of brown rice ranged from 1 to 9, mean was 4.98 and the coefficient of variation was 57.87%. Total anthocyanin content of brown rice ranged from o to 5459.34 mg/kg with mean of 834.47 mg/kg, and the coefficient of variation was 191.96%. Thousand grain weight of brown rice ranged from 11.96 g to 26.24 g with mean of 17.75 g, and the coefficient of variation was 12.89%. The total anthocyanin content, grain color grade and thousand grain weight of brown rice did not follow a normal distribution pattern but a right skewed distribution, among which total anthocyanin content of brown rice showed the largest skew degree. The kurtosis coefficients of total anthocyanin content and thousand grain weight of brown rice were positive, indicating a sharp peak. However, the kurtosis coefficient of grain color grade《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 of' brown rice was negative, indicating a flat peak. The total anthocyanin content of brown rice was extremely significant positive correlated with grain color grade of brown rice, and the correlation coefficient was 0.69. The total anthocyanin content and grain color grade of brown rice were extremely significant negatwe correlated with thousand grain weight of hrown rice, and correlation coefficients were -0.20 and -0.34, respectively. Compared with Longjin l, the total anthocyanin content of brown rice for 27 lines increased extremely signific, ant, accounting for 12. 62% of 214 F5 lines. This study lays the foundation for germplasm innovation of high anthocyanin rice. Keywords: total anthocyanin content of brown rice; grain color grade of brown rice; thousand grain weight of brown rice; high anthocyanin rice; germplasm innovation Source: Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2017, 18(2): 186-192 Email: HAN Long-zhi, [email protected] Cover Story: Molecular phylogenetic and morphological investigation of Staphyleaceae revealed five major clades. The investigation for morphological synapomorphies in Staphyleaceae included examination of venation in leaf teeth, ultrastructural epicuticular wax features of leaves, and pollen. All images of leaf teeth, epicuticular waxes, and pollen are shown in relative size, respectively, and are presented in the paper and/or included in linked external sources with voucher information and scale bars. A molecular phylogeny of Staphyleaceae: Implications for generic delimitation and classical biogeographic disjunctions in the family AJ Harris, CHEN Ping-ting, XU Xin-wei, et al. Abstract: Staphyleaceae traditionally comprises three genera of temperate and tropical trees and shrubs: Euscaphis Siebold & Zucc., Staphylea L., and Tuprinia Vent. These genera are clearly supported by morphology, but a recent classification based on four chloroplast genes and nuclear ITS treats Staphylea, Euscaphis, and New World ·40· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Cover Papers Turpinia in Staphylea s. l. and Old World Turpinia in Dalrympelea Roxb. In this study, our objectives were to (1) resolve the phylogenetic relationships within Staphyleaceae using two nuclear and six chloroplast markers, (2) explore morphological synapomorphies that support major clades, and (3) discuss the implications of our results on generic delimitation and biogeography. Our phylogenetic results show five major clades in Staphyleaceae: (1) Old World Turpinia, (2) New World Turpinia, (3) a clade of exclusively Old World Staphylea, (4) an Asian-North American clade of Staphylea comprising all New World species and the rest of the Old World ones, and (5) Euscaphis. Within the two clades each of Staphylea and Turpinia, morphological features traditionally used for delimiting the genera may exhibit convergence. Among morphological features examined in this study, we found that pollen is not taxonomically informative, features of leaf teeth and epicuticular waxes show limited support for the traditional genera of Staphylea and Tuprinia, respectively, and petal length (i.e., flower size) is significantly smaller in Old World Turpinia compared to New World Turpinia. With respect to biogeography, our results support a rare disjunction between eastern North America and the Himalayas. Keywords: Amphi-Pacific disjunction; Asian-North American disjunction; biogeography; Dalrympelea; generic delimitation; Euscaphis; Staphylea; Turpinia Source: Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 2017, 55(2): 124-141 Email: WEN Jun, [email protected] Chemistry Cover Story: SUN Li-cheng and co-workers report a low-cost and high-performing hole-transporting material (HTM) based on a facilely synthesized solution-processable copper tetra-(2,4-dimethyl-3-pentoxy) phthalocyanine (CuPc-DMP) in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimized devices based on such a HTM afford a very competitive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 17.1% measured at 100 mW cm-2 AM 1.5G irradiation, which is on par with that of the well-known spiro-OMeTAD (16.7%) under equivalent conditions. This is a very high value 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅reported so far for metal organic complex-based HTMs in PSCs. The advantages of this HTM observed, such as facile synthetic procedure, superior hole transport characteristic, high photovoltaic performance together with the feasibility of tailoring the molecular structure would make solution-processable copper phthalocyanines as a class of promising HTM that can be further explored in PSCs. The present finding highlights the potential application of solution-processed metal organic complexes as HTMs for cost-effective and high-performing PSCs. Efficient perovskite solar cells employing a solution-processable copper phthalocyanine as a hole-transporting material JIANG Xiao-qing, YU Ze, LAI Jian-bo, et al. Abstract: The development of alternative low-cost and high-performing hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is of great significance for the potential large-scale application of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the future. Here, a facilely synthesized solution-processable copper tetra-(2,4-dimethyl-3-pentoxy) phthalocyanine (CuPc-DMP) via only two simple steps, has been incorporated as a hole-transporting material (HTM) in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimized devices based on such a HTM afford a very competitive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 17.1% measured at 100 mW cm-2 AM 1.5G irradiation, which is on par with that of the well-known 2,2-,7,7-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-metho- xyphenylamine)-9,9-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) (16.7%) under equivalent conditions. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest value reported so far for metal organic complex-based HTMs in PSCs. The advantages of this HTM observed, such as facile synthetic procedure, superior hole transport characteristic, high photovoltaic performance together with the feasibility of tailoring the molecular structure would make solution-processable copper phthalocyanines as a class of promising HTM that can be further explored in PSCs. The present finding highlights the potential application of solution processed metal organic complexes as HTMs for cost-effective and high-performing PSCs. ·41· Cover Papers Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Keywords: solution-processable copper phthalocyanine; metal organic complex; low-cost; hole-transporting material; perovskite solar cells Source: Science China: Chemistry, 2017, 60(3): 423-430 Email: YU Ze, [email protected] Cover Story: The cover picture shows a concise and effective protocol for the synthesis of valuable exocyclic phosphine oxides via the process of free radical cascade cyclization. Waterwheel in series shows the implied meaning in the process of phosphorylation/cascade cyclization of various 1,6-dienes involving the C—P and C—C bonds formation. Silver-catalyzed cascade radical cyclization for stereoselective synthesis of exocyclic phosphine oxides MAO Liu-liang, LI Yong-hong, YANG Shang-dong Abstract: A silver-catalyzed phosphorylation/cyclization radical cascade of 1,6-dienes has been developed. The reaction process involves in a one-pot operation described as an autotandem catalytic process with a cascading radical cyclization for the construction of C—P and C—C bond with high stereoselectivity. Moreover, it also affords an efficient method for the synthesis of valuable exocyclic phosphine oxides compounds with broad substrate applicability, mild reaction condition and succinct reaction system. Keywords: silver-catalyzed; cascade radical cyclization; 1,6-dienes; exocyclic phosphine oxides Source: Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 2017, 35(3): 316-322 Email: YANG Shang-dong, [email protected] 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Cover Story: Gold-catalyzed nucleophilic addition to terminal alkynes has received considerable interest in the past decade, as this chemistry offers a highly efficient and regioselective method for C—C, C—H, and C—X bond formation. However, such nucleophilic addition involves mainly Markovnikov addition. Here, the recent progress of gold-catalyzed 5-endo-dig cycloisomerization-initiated tandem reactions that utilize the steric strain from ring formation to achieve anti-Markovnikov re- gioselectivity is reviewed, including the scope of the reactions, their mechanisms, and synthetic applications. We believe that this strategy will help to inspire new chemistry regarding ring strain-driven regioselectivity, thus leading to the divergent synthesis of complex molecules. The cover illustration shows the design of the ring strain strategy and its application to the efficient and divergent synthesis of valuable five-membered heterocycles from readily available homopropargyl alcohols or amides. Ring strain strategy for the control of regioselectivity. Gold-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov cycloisomerization initiated tandem reactions of alkynes SHU Chao, LI Long, TAN Tong-de, et al. Abstract: Gold-catalyzed nucleophilic addition to terminal alkynes has received considerable interest in the past decade, as this chemistry offers a highly efficient and regioselective way for C—C, C—H and C—X bond formation. However, such a nucleophilic addition mainly involves a Markovnikov addition. In this short review, the recent progress of the gold-catalyzed 5-endo-dig cycloisomerization-initiated tandem reactions by utilizing the steric strain in ring formation to achieve an anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity was reviewed, including the scope of reactions, mechanism and synthetic applications. Keywords: gold; heterocycles; ring strain; cyclization; tandem reaction ·42· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Cover Papers Source: Science Bulletin, 2017, 62(5): 352-357 Email: WU Ye-long, [email protected] A dual-signal amplification method for dna detection based on exonuclease Ⅲ and fluorescence quenching ability of MoS2 nanosheet LIU Yu-fei, XUE Jin-tao, YAN Hui-juan, et al. Abstract: A highly sensitive and selective DNA biosensor is described based on the fluorescence quenching ability of MoS2 nanosheet and exonuclease Ⅲ (Exo Ⅲ) assisted dual-signal amplification. In this sensor, the fluorescence probes (HP1 and HP2) cannot be degraded by Exo Ⅲ due to the 3'-termini protrusion and thus are adsorbed on the surface of MoS2 nanosheets, which will result in the quenching of MoS2 nanosheets toward the probes and induce a low fluorescent signal. The presence of the target DNA leads to the desorption of probes on the surface of MoS2 nanosheets due to the hybridization toward probes, generating many fluorescent fragments by Exo Ⅲ digestion and inducing dual-signal amplification. This method can improve the sensitivity and detection limit compared with single amplification method, and shows excellent selectivity in the discrimination of single base mismatched targets. On the basis of the significantly high sensitivity, the developed biosensor can be potentially extended to detect various DNA targets with excellent sequence selectivity. Keywords: DNA sensor; molybdenum disulfide nanosheet; exonuclease Ⅲ; dual-signal amplification method; quenching ability Source: Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2017, 45(3): 303-308 Email: LIU Yu-fei, [email protected] 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Recent advances of photoluminescence polyimides YANG Ting-ting, ZHOU Zhu-xin, ZHANG Yi, et al. Abstract: Polyimides (PIs) are a class of representative high-performance polymers possessing a number of merits, such as high thermal stability, good mechanical and electrical properties, superior dimensional stability, and designable structures. They have important potential applications in the fields of organic optoelectric industries. However, traditional polyimides are in general non-luminescent. Studies of polyimides as light-emitting materials are rare. The photoluminescence quantum efficiency reported is quite low, mainly due to the strong inter- and intra-molecular charge-transfer (CT) interaction of polyimides, which greatly restricts their applications as light-emitting functional layer in the organic optoelectric fields. In order to better understand the general rules of light-emitting behavior of polyimides, and to broaden their application fields in the organic light-emitting diode, this review gives a presentation on the photoluminescence mechanism of polyimides that have been developed, including the formation of locally excited (LE) state and charge transfer (CT) state in the typical donor-acceptor polyimide structures, and the influence for both of the states on their respective photoluminescence process. The recent advances of photoluminescence polyimides as well as the methods to improve the fluorescence quantum yield of polyimides are also provided. Reviewing the polyimides with high photoluminescence quantum yield is focused mainly on the introduction of heterocyclic chromophores (like triphenylamine, pyridine, coumarin, dioxazole, porphyrin etc.) and fused-ring chromophores (like naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, perylene, fluorene, etc.) into the main chain or the side chain of the aromatic polyimides. These methods would improve more or less the luminescence intensity without sacrificing the comprehensive properties of the polyimides, but there still be a long way to go as the fluorescence may be weakened by the condensed stacking of the ·43· Cover Papers Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 chromophores. In another aspect, some researchers also introduced chromophores into semi-aliphatic polyimides, and found it an efficient way to develop highly fluorescent polyimides, because these aliphatic structures in the polymer backbone would effectively limit the intra-CT interactions, and finally form LE emission. However, the overall properties of these semi-aliphatic functional polyimides would be greatly decreased, and their work functions were difficult to match with the metal electrodes, which would greatly limit their applications. Therefore, to obtain the key technologies for the controllable preparation of highly-efficient luminescent polyimides and the controllable adjustment of the luminescent color would be the most important research directions in the near future, which would be of great interest to develop the applications in the fields of photo electronic devices, energy saving and environmental protection for high-performance and high-efficiency light-emitting polyimides. keywords: polyimide; photoluminescence; CT interactions; structure; recent advances Source: Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2017(3): 411-428 Email: ZHANG Yi, [email protected] In Situ synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies by poly- merization-induced self-assembly under heterogeneous condition CHEN Sheng-li, SHI Peng-fei, ZHANG Wang-qing Abstract: Controlled synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymer nanoparticles in a convenient way is an important and interest topic in polymer science. In this review, three formulations of polymerization-induced self-assembly to in situ synthesize block copolymer nanoparticles are briefly introduced, which perform by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization under heterogeneous conditions, e.g., aqueous emulsion RAFT polymerization, dispersion RAFT polymerization and especially the recently proposed seeded RAFT polymerization. The latest developments in several selected areas on the synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies are highlighted. 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅keywords: block copolymers; self-assembly; emulsion RAFT polymerization; dispersion RAFT polymerization; seeded RAFT polymerization Source: Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2017, 35(4): 455-479 Email: ZHANG Wang-qing, [email protected] Pinning-down molecules in their self-assemblies with multiple weak hydrogen bonds of C—H…F and C—H…N JIN Xin, Jacob R. Cramer, CHEN Qi-wei, et al. Abstract: Two-dimensional self-assemblies of four partially fluorinated molecules, 1,4-bis(2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl)benzene, 4,4'-bis(2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl)-1,1'- biphenyl, 4,4'-bis(2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl)-1,1' : 4',1''-terphenyl and 4,4'-bis(2,6- difluoropyridin-3-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl, involving weak intermolecular C—H…F and C—H … N hydrogen bonds were systematically investigated on Au(111) with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. The inter-molecular connecting modes and binding sites were closely related to the backbones of the building blocks, i.e., the molecule length determines its binding sites with neighboring molecules in the assemblies while the attaching positions of the N and F atoms dictate its approaching and docking angles. The experimental results demonstrate that multiple … … weak hydrogen bonds such as C—H F and C—H N can be efficiently applied to tune the molecular orientations and the self-assembly structures accordingly. keywords: fluorinated pyridyl molecules; grouped hydrogen bonds; molecular self-assembly; molecular design; scanning tunneling microscopy Source: Chinese Chemical Letters, 2017, 28(3): 525-530 Email: WU Kai, [email protected] ·44· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Cover Papers General Industrial Technology Cover Story: TiO2, as one of the most attractive anode materials, has yet been limited for the applications in Li-ion batteries due to its low tap density (usually < 1 g cm-3) and volumetric capacity. Liu and co-authors reported uniform mesoporous TiO2 sub-microspheres as a promising anode material, with a tap density as high as -3 1.62 g cm . The TiO2submicrospheres used as anodes have impressive volumetric capacities which are more than twice the values of their counterparts. And, these TiO2 submicro-spheres can be synthesized with ~100% yield and within a reaction time of only 6 h by optimizing experimental conditions, offering a possibility of large-scale production for industrial applications. Fast synthesis of uniform mesoporous titania submicrospheres with high tap densities for high-volumetric performance Li-ion batteries ZHU Kun-lei, SUN Ying-hui, WANG Rong-ming, et al. Abstract: High-tap density electrode materials are greatly desired for Li-ion batteries with high volumetric capacities to fulfill the growing demands of electric vehicles and portable smart devices. TiO2, which is one of the most attractive anode materials, is limited in their application for Li-ion batteries because of its low tap density (usually <1 g cm-3) and volumetric capacity. Herein, we report uniform -3 mesoporous TiO2submicrospheres with a tap density as high as 1.62 g cm as a promising anode material. Even with a -2 high mass loading of 24 mg cm , the TiO2 submicrospheres have impressive volumetric capacities that are more than double those of their counterparts. Moreover, they can be synthesized with ~100% yield and within a reaction time of ~6 h by optimizing the experimental conditions and formation mechanism, exhibiting potential for large-scale production for industrial applications. Other mesoporous《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 anode materials, i.e., high-tap density mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 submicrospheres, are fabricated using the generalized method. We believe that our work provides a significant reference for the industrial production of mesoporous materials for Li-ion batteries with a high volumetric performance. Keywords: fast synthesis; Li-ion batteries; mesoporous materials; TiO2; volumetric performance Source: Science China: Materials, 2017, 60(4): 304-314 Email: SHAN Zhong-qiang, [email protected] Preparation and electrochemical performance of composite electrode material of molecular sieve coated with graphene ZHAO Xiao-chan, FANG Yan, FANG Chun-hui, et al. Abstract: A 3D composite electrode was prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of a suspension mixed proportionally with 4A molecular sieve (4A) and graphene oxide gel (GO). The structure, morphology and electrochemical property of the 4A/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, pore analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical measurements. The result shows that 4A is firmly adhered on the surface of RGO sheets, which can effectively avoid the stacking of RGO sheets. The RGO sheets link with each other to form a 3D electric conductive network in which can increase the electrical conductivity of the composite. The specific capacitance of 4A/RGO composite can reach 450 F/g at current density of 4 A/g when the mass ratio of graphene oxide and 4A is 1 : 6. Furthermore, the specific capacitance of 4A/RGO remains at 85.7% after 800 cycles under the same current density. Therefore these results indicate that this new composite possesses good rate capability and cycle stability and its supercapacitive performance is better than that of pure RGO or 4A. The excellent performance of the 4A/RGO composite can be attributed to the synergy between RGO and 4A. ·45· Cover Papers Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Keywords: 3D composite; 4A molecular seive; graphene; supercapacitor; synergy Source: Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(4): 386-392 Email: FANG Yan, [email protected] Geology The accumulation characteristics and mechanism of rotational- translational landslides in the Neogene Basins on the northeastern Margin of Tibet Plateau XIN Peng, DONG Xiao-juan, WU Shu-ren, et al. Abstract: The rotational-translational landslides occur widely within the Neogene basins throughout the world because of their high risk. Based on field survey, this paper summarized the distribution features and geometric strain models of rotational- translational landslide to analyze the dynamic mechanism of nearly horizontal sliding band transformation using the experiment and numerical simulation calculation. The study yields the following understanding. (1) The rotational-translational landslides mainly occur in the Pliocene mudstone basins on the northeastern margin of Tibet Plateau. The activity intensity of these landslides is mainly affected by the uplift process of Tibet Plateau, with the volume gradually reducing from the hinterland of the Plateau to the marginal basin. The giant landslides concentrate in the upstream areas of the Yellow River system, while the large ones distributed respectively in the downstream areas. (2) The slide mass of rotational-translational landslide are all composed of Pliocene mudstones with high clay contents and over-consolidation features. Under the environment of nearly horizontal shear stress of slide mass, which is controlled by water flow erosion, clay grains of over-consolidated mudstones within shear stress zones, with internal friction angle below 10, tend to directional alignment and present ductile and brittle deformation. (3) The sliding surfaces extend along weak《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 layers with high clay content and low calcium content due to the deformation of creep and crack. This process is also accelerated with increasing content of pore water and the theology of sliding zone. Therefore, the macro movement of sliding mass was determined by creep and glutinous flow of clay minerals in sliding zones, which is one of the driving factors of landslip deformation. Keywords: Tibet Plateau; the Neogene basins; rotational-translational landslides; accumulation characteristics; mechanism Source: Acta Geologica Sinica, 2017, 91(3):499-509 Email: SHI Ju-song, [email protected] Cover Story: As already evidenced, the 13 fluvial terraces of the Weihe River in the Sanyangchuan Basin sequentially formed over a period of 1.2 million years. These fluvial sediments and landforms may provide not only valuable archives of palaeoclimatic data but also significant inferences about crustal instability. Fluvial terraces and their implications for Weihe River valley evolution in the Sanyangchuan Basin GAO Hong-shan, LI Zong-meng, LIU Xiao-feng, et al. Abstract: Fluvial terraces are important geomorphic markers for modern valley development. When coupled with numeric ages, terraces can provide abundant information about tectonic, climatic, paleohydrological and the paleoenvironmental changes. On the basis of the paleomagnetic, electron spin resonance (ESR) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, in addition to an investigation of local loess-paleosol sequences, we confirmed that 13 fluvial terraces were formed, and then preserved, along the course of the Upper Weihe River in the Sanyangchuan Basin over the past 1.2 Ma. Analyses of the characteristics and genesis of these terraces indicate that they resulted from the response of this particular river system to climate change over an orbital scale. These changes can further be placed within ·46· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Cover Papers the context of local and regional tectonic uplift, and represent an alternation between lateral migration and vertical incision, dependent upon the predominance of climatic and tectonic controls during different periods. Most of the terraces are strikingly similar in that they have several meters of paleosols which have developed directly on top of fluvial deposits located on the terrace treads, suggesting that the abandonment of terraces due to river incision occurred during the transitions from glacial to interglacial climates. The temporal and spatial differences in the distribution patterns of terraces located on either side of the river valley indicate that a tectonic inversion occurred in Sanyangchuan Basin at ~0.62 Ma, and that this was characterized by a transition from overall uplift to depression induced by fault activity. Synthesized studies of the Basin’s terraces indicate that formation of the modern valley of the Upper Weihe River may have begun in the late Early Pleistocene between 1.4-1.2 Ma. Keywords: river terrace; valley evolution; tectonic activity; climate change; Sanyangchuan Basin Source: Science China: Earth Sciences, 2017, 60(3): 413-427 Email: PAN Bao-tian, [email protected] Oceanography The complete genome of hydrocarbon-degrading Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ289 and its phylogenetic relationship LIU Fang-ming, WANG Yi-bin, QU Chang-feng, et al. Abstract: Genus Pseudoalteromonas belongs to Family Pseudoalteromonadaceae in Gammaproteobacteria. A cold-adapted gram-negative bacterium, hydrocarbon-degrading Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ289, was isolated from sea-ice of the Antarctica region, and sequenced the whole genome through the next generation sequencing platform. The assembly yielded three contigs representing two chromosomes and one plasmid with the sizes of 3.2 Mb, 636 kb and 1.8 kb, respectively. The G+C contents of genome were 40.83% and included 3 589 ORFs. Functional annotation indicated some potential roles 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅in enzymatic activity and environmental adaptability. This study may help for under- standing the population diverse, evolutionary ecology and the microbial interaction. Keywords: Pseudoalteromonas; low temperature; environmental adaptability; sequencing; phylogenetic tree Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2017, 36(2): 88-93 Source: Email: XIAO Tian, [email protected] Research and Exploration of Aerospace Cover Story: The BD-IES instrument is an imaging electron spectrometer onboard the IGSO spacecraft, which was developed by Peking University IES instrument development team based on the PIN-hole technique. The instrument is able to measure high-resolution electron differential fluxes in 9 directions, with 8 energy channels for each direction. On 11 November 2015, BD-IES observed large-amplitude modulations of energetic electron fluxes with the frequency of a few millihertz, which indicates strong interactions between energetic electrons and ultralow frequency (ULF) waves. In the electron energy spectrum, a series of increasingly-inclined stripes were observed from 12 : 25 to 13 : 00 UT, which are a most characteristic, “smoking-gun” signature of ULF wave-particle drift resonance after considering the growth and damping of the wave amplitude. The excellent agreement between theory and observations also enables extraction of electromagnetic wave characteristics from the BD-IES electron data, and therefore provides new insights into ULF wave evolution and particle acceleration (to relativistic energies) in the Earth’s magnetosphere. ·47· Cover Papers Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Ultralow frequency wave characteristics extracted from particle data: Application of IGSO observations LI Li, ZHOU Xu-zhi, ZONG Qiu-gang, et al. Abstract: Interaction between ultralow frequency (ULF) waves and charged particles plays an important role in the acceleration of particles in the Van Allen radiation belts. The strong wave-particle interaction predicts an energy-dependent observational signature of particle flux variations during different stages of the ULF wave evolution. In this paper, we find that the energetic particle data newly available from an IGSO spacecraft are quite consistent with theoretical predictions, which enables the application of a best-fit procedure to quantitatively extract key parameters of the ULF waves from the particle data. The general agreement between observations and the best-fit results validates the scenario of wave-particle drift resonance within the entire ULF life span, and provides a new technique to understand the ULF wave characteristics in the absence of electromagnetic field data. We also examine the minor differences between observations and the best-fit results, and propose that the differences may result from a longitudinal dependence of the ULF wave power to be considered in a future study. Keywords: ultralow frequency waves; wave-particle interactions; drift resonance; ULF wave characteristics Source: Science China: Technological Sciences, 2017, 60(3): 419-424 Email: ZHOU Xu-zhi, [email protected] Zoology Biodiversity of birds and mammals in alpine habitat of Mt. Gaoligong, Lushui County, Yunnan GAO Ge, WANG Bin, HE Chen-xiang, et al. 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Abstract: Gaoligong Mountains, known for its richest biodiversity, locates in the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot. However, our knowledge of the fauna in the alpine habitat of Mt. Gaoligong is still lacking due to complex terrain and poor accessibility. From October 2014 to June 2016, infrared cameras were established to monitor the biodiversity of mammals and birds in the alpine habitat of Mt. Gaoligong, Lushui County, Yunnan. In this survey, we selected three sample plots, North (Jinman), Central (Tingming Lake), and South (Pianma Pass), and in each sample plot, 20 cameras were established for 10400 camera trapping days and 1,342 effective images were obtained. We identified 18 species of mammals and 44 species of birds belonging to 9 orders and 28 families, including 11 species listed as State Key Protected Wild Animals. The most abundant species was Tarsiger chrysaeus, along with Ithaginis cruentus, Zoothera mollissima, Ochotona forresti, and Ailurus fulgens. Luscinia pectoralis was recorded for the first time in Mt. Gaoligong. A one year survey at the Jinman sample plot revealed that faunal diversity in the alpine habitat had strongly seasonality, i.e. the months from May to October had much higher abundance than the other months. This was a consequence of the high immigration rate to alpine habitats during this period due to altitudinal movement and autumn migration. This survey is the first time to use infrared cameras for alpine faunal surveys at Mt. Gaoligong, and the generated data provided a scientific basis for the protection and management of this nature reserve. Keywords: Mt. Gaoligong; alpine habitat; camera traps; species richness Source: Biodiversity Science, 2017, 25(3): 332-339 Email: LUO Xu, [email protected] Editor: ZHANG Bao-qing ·48· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Highly Cited Papers TOP10 in Foreign Database Source：Web of Science Publication date：2015-01—2016-12 Retrieval date：2017-01-16 Medicine, General & Internal Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Berkhemer, O. A.; New England Journal of A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for 769 Fransen, P. S. S.; Medicine acute ischemic stroke Beumer, D.; et al. 2015, 372(1): 11-20 Global, regional, and national age-sex specific Naghavi, Mohsen; all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 Lancet 732 Wang, Haidong; causes of death, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis 2015, 385(9963): 117-171 Lozano, Rafael; et al. for the global burden of disease study 2013 Robert, Caroline; New England Journal of Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma Long, Georgina V.; 658 Medicine without BRAF mutation Brady, Benjamin; et al. 2015, 372(4): 320-330 Campbell, B. C. V.; New England Journal of Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with 639 Mitchell, P. J.; Medicine perfusion-imaging selection 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Kleinig, T. J.; et al. 2015, 372(11): 1009-1018 Larkin, J.; New England Journal of Combined nivolumab and ipilimumab or 633 Chiarion-Sileni, V.; Medicine monotherapy in untreated melanoma Gonzalez, R.; et al. 2015, 373(1): 23-34 Brahmer, Julie; New England Journal of Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced 624 Reckamp, Karen L.; Medicine squamous-cell non-small-cell lung cancer Baas, Paul; et al. 2015, 373(2): 123-135 New England Journal of Collins, Francis S.; 582 A new initiative on precision medicine Medicine Varmus, Harold 2015, 372(9): 793-795 Garon, Edward B.; New England Journal of Pembrolizumab for the treatment of 524 Rizvi, Naiyer A.; Medicine non-small-cell lung cancer Hui, Rina; et al. 2015, 372(21): 2018-2028 Goyal, M.; New England Journal of Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular 503 Demchuk, A. M.; Medicine treatment of ischemic stroke Menon, B. K.; et al. 2015, 372(11): 1019-1030 Robert, Caroline; New England Journal of Pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab in advanced 493 Schachter, Jacob; Medicine melanoma Long, Georgina V.; et al. 2015, 372(26): 2521-2532 ·49· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Kobayashi, Shinya; Journal of the Meteorological The JRA-55 reanalysis: General 185 Ota, Yukinari; Society of Japan specifications and basic characteristics Harada, Yayoi; et al. 2015, 93(1): 5-48 The community earth system model (CESM) Kay, J. E.; Bulletin of the American large ensemble project a community 101 Deser, C.; Meteorological Society resource for studying climate change in the Phillips, A.; et al. presence of internal climate variability 2015, 96(8): 1333-1349 Stein, A. F.; Bulletin of the American Noaa’s hysplit atmospheric transport and 99 Draxler, R. R.; Meteorological Society dispersion modeling system Rolph, G. D.; et al. 2015, 96(12): 2059-2077 Le Quere, C.; Earth System Science Data 99 Global carbon budget 2014 Moriarty, R.; Andrew, R. M.; et al. 2015, 7(1): 47-85 Elemental ratio measurements of organic Canagaratna, M. R.; compounds using aerosol mass Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 95 Jimenez, J. L.; spectrometry: 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Characterization, improved Kroll, J. H.; et al. 2015, 15(1): 253-272 calibration, and implications Compilation of Henry’s law constants Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 95 Sander, R. (version 4.0) for water as solvent 2015, 15(8): 4399-4981 Asseng, S.; Rising temperatures reduce global wheat Nature Climate Change 78 Ewert, F.; production Martre, P.; et al. 2015, 5(2): 143-147 Rapidly falling costs of battery packs for Nykvist, Bjorn; Nature Climate Change 74 electric vehicles Nilsson, Mans 2015, 5(4): 329-332 Rahmstorf, Stefan; Exceptional twentieth-century slowdown in Box, Jason E.; Nature Climate Change 64 Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation Feulner, Georg; 2015, 5(5): 475-480 et al. Exploring the severe winter haze in Beijing: Zheng, G. J.; Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 60 The impact of synoptic weather, regional Duan, F. K.; transport and heterogeneous reactions Su, H.; et al. 2015, 15(6): 2969-2983 ·50· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Microbiology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Makarova, Kira S.; An updated evolutionary classification of Wolf, Yuri I.; Nature Reviews Microbiology 124 CRISPR-Cas systems Alkhnbashi, Omer S.; 2015, 13(11): 722-736 et al. Blair, Jessica M. A.; Nature Reviews Microbiology 121 Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance Webber, Mark A.; Baylay, Alison J.; et al. 2015, 13(1): 42-51 Backhed, Fredrik; Dynamics and stabilization of the human Cell Host & Microbe 117 Roswall, Josefine; gut microbiome during the first year of life Peng, Yangqing; et al. 2015, 17(5): 690-703 Carmody, Rachel N.; Diet dominates host genotype in shaping the Gerber, Georg K.; Cell Host & Microbe 103 murine gut microbiota Luevano, Jesus M., Jr.; 2015, 17(1): 72-84 et al. The dynamics of the human infant gut Kostic, Aleksandar D.; Cell Host & Microbe 92 microbiome in development and in Gevers, Dirk; progression toward type《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 1 diabetes Siljander, Heli; et al. 2015, 17(2): 260-273 Tong, Steven Y. C.; Staphylococcus aureus infections: Davis, Joshua S.; Clinical Microbiology Reviews 88 Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical Eichenberger, Emily; manifestations, and management 2015, 28(3): 603-661 et al. Takala-Harrison, Independent emergence of artemisinin Shannon; Jacob, Journal of Infectious Diseases 87 resistance mutations among plasmodium Christopher G.; Arze, falciparum in southeast asia 2015, 211(5): 670-679 Cesar; et al. Berendonk, Thomas U.; Tackling antibiotic resistance: The Manaia, Celia M.; Nature Reviews Microbiology 79 environmental framework Merlin, Christophe; 2015, 13(5): 310-317 et al. Advances in laboratory methods for detection Journal of Clinical Microbiology 76 Vinje, Jan and typing of norovirus 2015, 53(2): 373-381 Li, Xianzhi; The challenge of efflux-mediated antibiotic Clinical Microbiology Reviews 72 Plesiat, Patrick; resistance in gram-negative bacteria Nikaido, Hiroshi 2015, 28(2): 337-418 ·51· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Mineralogy Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Water-fluxed melting of the continental crust: Weinberg, Roberto F.; Lithos 35 A review Hasalova, Pavlina 2015, 212: 158-188 Geology and genesis of the giant Beiya porphyry- Deng, Jun; Ore Geology Reviews 32 skarn gold deposit, northwestern Yangtze Block, Wang, Qingfei; China Li, Gongjian; et al. 2015, 70: 457-485 Properties and applications of halloysite Yuan, Peng; Applied Clay Science 31 nanotubes: Recent research advances and Tan, Daoyong; future prospects Annabi-Bergaya, Faiza 2015, 112: 75-93 Deng, Jun; Structural control and genesis of the Oligocene Ore Geology Reviews 27 Wang, Qingfei; Zhenyuan orogenic gold deposit, SW China Li, Gongjian; et al. 2015, 65: 42-54 Thickness, modulus and strength of interphase Zare, Yasser; Applied Clay Science 27 in clay/polymer nanocomposites Garmabi, Hamid 2015, 105: 66-70 Geochemical and《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 mineralogical evidence for a Dai, Shifeng; Ore Geology Reviews 26 coal-hosted uranium deposit in the Yili Basin, Yang, Jianye; Xinjiang, northwestern China Ward, Colin R.; et al. 2015, 70: 1-30 Enrichment of U-Se-Mo-Re-V in coals preserved Dai, Shifeng; within marine carbonate successions: Geo- Mineralium Deposita 26 Seredin, Vladimir V.; chemical and mineralogical data from the Late Ward, Colin R.; et al. 2015, 50(2): 159-186 Permian Guiding Coalfield, Guizhou, China Borra, Chenna Rao; Leaching of rare earths from bauxite residue Pontikes, Yiannis; Minerals Engineering 24 (red mud) Binnemans, Koen; 2015, 76(SI): 20-27 et al. Paterson, Scott R.; Elements 24 Arc magmatic tempos: Gathering the evidence Ducea, Mihai N. 2015, 11(2): 91-97 Origin of the Jiaodong-type Xinli gold deposit, Deng, Jun; Jiaodong Peninsula, China: Constraints from Ore Geology Reviews 24 Liu, Xuefei; fluid inclusion and C-D-O-S-Sr isotope Wang, Qingfei; et al. 2015, 65(SI): 674-686 compositions ·52· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Multidisciplinary Sciences Citation Title Authors Source Frequency High-performance photovoltaic perovskite Yang, Woon Seok; Science 1006 layers fabricated through intramolecular Noh, Jun Hong; exchange Jeon, Nam Joong; et al. 2015, 348(6240): 1234-1237 Jeon, Nam Joong; Compositional engineering of perovskite Nature 911 Noh, Jun Hong; materials for high-performance solar cells Yang, Woon Seok; et al. 2015, 517(7538): 476 Rizvi, Naiyer A.; Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to Science 585 Hellmann, Matthew D.; PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer Snyder, Alexandra; et al. 2015, 348(6230): 124-128 Nie, Wanyi; High-efficiency solution-processed perovskite Science 548 Tsai, Hsinhan; solar cells with millimeter-scale grains Asadpour, Reza; et al. 2015, 347(6221): 522-525 Uhlen, Mathias; Fagerberg, Linn; Science 533 Tissue-based map of the human proteome Hallstroem, Bjoern M.; 2015, 347(6220): 1260419 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅et al. Dong, Qingfeng; Electron-hole diffusion lengths > 175 μm in Science 445 Fang, Yanjun; solution-grown CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals Shao, Yuchuan; et al. 2015, 347(6225): 967-970 Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable Liu, Juan; Science 444 visible water splitting via a two-electron Liu, Yang; pathway Liu, Naiyun; et al. 2015, 347(6225): 970-974 Shi, Dong; Low trap-state density and long carrier Adinolfi, Valerio; Science 427 diffusion in organolead trihalide perovskite Comin, Riccardo; single crystals 2015, 347(6221): 519-522 et al. LeCun, Yann; Nature 420 Deep learning Bengio, Yoshua; Hinton, Geoffrey 2015, 521(7553): 436-444 Graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, Bonaccorso, Francesco; Science 347 and hybrid systems for energy conversion and Colombo, Luigi; storage Yu, Guihua; et al. 2015, 347(6217): 1246501 ·53· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Mycology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Jayasiri, Subashini C.; The faces of fungi database: Fungal names linked Fungal Diversity 72 Hyde, Kevin D.; with morphology, phylogeny and human impacts 2015, 74(1): 3-18 Ariyawansa, Hiran A.; et al. Liu, Jian Kui; Fungal diversity notes 1-110: Taxonomic and Fungal Diversity 64 Hyde, Kevin D.; phylogenetic contributions to fungal species 2015, 72(1): 1-197 Jones, E. B. Gareth; et al. Hagen, Ferry; Fungal Genetics and Recognition of seven species in the Cryptococcus 56 Khayhan, Kantarawee; Biology gattii/Cryptococcus neoformans species complex Theelen, Bart; et al. 2015, 78(SI): 16-48 Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Towards a natural classification and backbone tree Fungal Diversity 50 Hyde, Kevin D.; for Sordariomycetes 2015, 72(1): 199-301 Jones, E. B. Gareth; et al. Ariyawansa, Hiran A.; Fungal diversity notes 111-252-taxonomic and Fungal Diversity 36 Hyde, Kevin D.; Jayasiri, phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa 2015, 75(1): 27-274 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Subashini C.; et al. Brown, Shawn P.; Veach, Scraping the bottom of the barrel: Are rare high Fungal Ecology 29 Allison M.; Rigdon-Huss, throughput sequences artifacts? 2015, 13: 221-225 Anne R.; et al. International Society of Human and Animal Irinyi, Laszlo; Mycology (ISHAM)-ITS reference DNA barcoding Serena, Carolina; Medical Mycology 28 database-the quality controlled standard tool for Garcia-Hermoso, Dea; 2015, 53(4): 313-337 routine identification of human and animal et al. pathogenic fungi Tedersoo, Leho; Shotgun metagenomes and multiple primer Anslan, Sten; Mycokeys 27 pair-barcode combinations of amplicons reveal Bahram, Mohammad; 2015, 10: 1-43 biases in metabarcoding analyses of fungi et al. Senanayake, Indunil C.; Towards unraveling relationships in Maharachchikumbura, Fungal Diversity 26 Xylariomycetidae (Sordariomycetes) Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, 2015, 73(1): 73-144 Kevin D.; et al. CRISPR/Cas9: A molecular Swiss army knife for Mans, Robert; Fems Yeast Research 26 simultaneous introduction of multiple genetic van Rossum, Harmen M.; 2015, 15(2): 004 modifications in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wijsman, Melanie; et al. ·54· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Chen, Jingde; Single-junction polymer solar cells exceeding Advanced Materials 402 Cui, Chaohua; 10% power conversion efficiency Li, Yanqing; et al. 2015, 27(6): 1035-1041 Ferrari, Andrea C.; Science and technology roadmap for graphene, Bonaccorso, Francesco; Nanoscale 315 related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid Fal'ko, Vladimir; systems 2015, 7(11): 4598-4810 et al. Cao, Shaowen; Polymeric photocatalysts based on graphitic Advanced Materials 288 Low, Jingxiang; carbon nitride Yu, Jiaguo; et al. 2015, 27(13): 2150-2176 Metal-halide perovskites for photovoltaic and Stranks, Samuel D.; Nature Nanotechnology 255 light-emitting devices Snaith, Henry J. 2015, 10(5): 391-402 Tao, Li; Cinquanta, Silicene field-effect transistors operating at Nature Nanotechnology 237 Eugenio; Chiappe, room temperature 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Daniele; et al. 2015, 10(3): 227-231 Brongersma, Mark L.; Plasmon-induced hot carrier science and Nature Nanotechnology 231 Halas, Naomi J.; technology Nordlander, Peter 2015, 10(1): 25-34 Zhao, Zaiwang; Graphitic carbon nitride based nanocomposites: Nanoscale 224 Sun, Yanjuan; A review Dong, Fan 2015, 7(1): 15-37 A metal-free bifunctional electrocatalyst for Zhang, Jintao; Nature Nanotechnology 220 oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution Zhao, Zhenghang; reactions Xia, Zhenhai; et al. 2015, 10(5): 444-452 Perovskite solar cells: From materials to Jung, Hyun Suk; Small 213 devices Park, Nam-Gyu 2015, 11(1): 10-25 Nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites Protesescu, Loredana; Nano Letters (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, and I): Novel Yakunin, Sergii; 205 optoelectronic materials showing bright Bodnarchuk, Maryna I.; 2015, 15(6): 3692-3696 emission with wide color gamut et al. ·55· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Neuroimaging Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Power, Jonathan D.; Recent progress and outstanding issues in Neuroimage 80 Schlaggar, Bradley L.; motion correction in resting state fMRI Petersen, Steven E. 2015, 105: 536-551 International retrospective study of the pipeline Kallmes, D. 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C.; et al. 2015, 7: 377-401 Taranger, Geir Lasse; Risk assessment of the environmental impact Karlsen, Orjan; Ices Journal of Marine Science 28 of Norwegian Atlantic salmon farming Bannister, Raymond John; 2015, 72(3): 997-1021 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅et al. Jumars, Peter A.; Annual Review of Marine Diet of worms emended: An update of 28 Dorgan, Kelly M.; Science polychaete feeding guilds Lindsay, Sara M. 2015, 7: 497 Tierney, Jessica E.; Tropical sea surface temperatures for the Abram, Nerilie J.; Paleoceanography 27 past four centuries reconstructed from Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; 2015, 30(3): 226-252 coral archives et al. 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Stephen; unresectable or metastatic melanoma Robert, Caroline; et al. 2015, 33(17): 1889 ·60· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Ophthalmology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Retinal vascular layers imaged by fluorescein Spaide, Richard F.; Jama Ophthalmology 140 angiography and optical coherence tomography Klancnik, James M., Jr.; angiography Cooney, Michael J. 2015, 133(1): 45-50 McCulloch, Daphne L.; Documenta ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical Marmor, Michael F.; 89 Ophthalmologica electroretinography (2015 update) Brigell, Mitchell G.; et al. 2015, 130(1): 1-12 de Carlo, Talisa E.; Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography Ophthalmology 63 Bonini Filho, Marco A.; angiography of choroidal neovascularization Chin, Adam T.; et al. 2015, 122(6): 1228-1238 Comparison of ranibizumab and bevacizumab for Berg, Karina; Ophthalmology 52 neovascular age-related macular degeneration Pedersen, Terje R.; according to LUCAS treat-and-extend protocol Sandvik, Leiv; et al. 2015, 122(1): 146-152 Elman, Michael J.; Intravitreal ranibizumab for diabetic macular Ayala, Allison; Ophthalmology 49 edema with prompt versus deferred laser treatment: Bressler, Neil M.; 5-year randomized trial results 2015, 122(2): 375-381 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅et al. Spaide, Richard F.; Retina-the Journal of Retinal Image artifacts in optical coherence tomography 47 Fujimoto, James G.; and Vitreous Diseases angiography Waheed, Nadia K. 2015, 35(11): 2163-2180 Karlstetter, Marcus; Progress in Retinal and Eye Retinal microglia: Just bystander or target for 47 Scholz, Rebecca; Research therapy? 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Vohra, Varun; Efficient inverted polymer solar cells employing Nature Photonics 178 Kawashima, Kazuaki; favourable molecular orientation 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Kakara, Takeshi; et al. 2015, 9(6): 403 Ushijima, Ichiro; Nature Photonics 123 Cryogenic optical lattice clocks Takamoto, Masao; Das, Manoj; et al. 2015, 9(3): 185-189 Broadband nonlinear optical response in Lu, S. B.; Optics Express 121 multi-layer black phosphorus: An emerging Miao, L. L.; infrared and mid-infrared optical material Guo, Z. N.; et al. 2015, 23(9): 11183-11194 Decker, Manuel; Staude, Isabelle; Advanced Optical Materials 102 High-efficiency dielectric huygens’ surfaces Falkner, Matthias; 2015, 3(6): 813-820 et al. Ouyang, Xinhua; Efficient polymer solar cells employing a Nature Photonics 100 Peng, Ruixiang; non-conjugated small-molecule electrolyte Ai, Ling; et al. 2015, 9(8): 520 Mechanically exfoliated black phosphorus as a Chen, Yu; Optics Express 98 new saturable absorber for both Q-switching and Jiang, Guobao; mode-locking laser operation Chen, Shuqing; et al. 2015, 23(10): 12823-12833 ·62· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Ornithology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Piacentini, Vitor de Q.; Annotated checklist of the birds of brazil by the Aleixo, Alexandre; Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 19 brazilian ornithological records committee Agne, Carlos Eduardo; 2015, 23(2): 91-298 et al. Timing of migration and residence areas during Liechti, Felix; the non-breeding period of barn swallows Journal of Avian Biology 15 Scandolara, Chiara; Hirundo rustica in relation to sex and 2015, 46(3): 254-265 Rubolini, Diego; et al. population New insights into New World biogeography: Barker, F. Keith; An integrated view from the phylogeny of Auk 15 Burns, Kevin J.; blackbirds, cardinals, sparrows, tanagers, 2015, 132(2): 333-348 Klicka, John; et al. warblers, and allies Hostetler, Jeffrey A.; Full-annual-cycle population models for Auk 15 Sillett, T. Scott; Marra, migratory birds 2015, 132(2): 433-449 Peter P. Regional and seasonal flight speeds of soaring Vansteelant, W. M. G.; Journal of Avian Biology 14 migrants and the role of weather conditions at Bouten, W.; Klaassen, 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅2015, 46(1): 25-39 hourly and daily scales R. H. G.; et al. Madden, Christine F.; A review of the impacts of corvids on bird Ibis 13 Arroyo, Beatriz; productivity and abundance 2015, 157(1): 1-16 Amar, Arjun Ibanez-Alamo, J. D.; Nest predation research: Recent findings and Journal of Ornithology 12 Magrath, R. D.; future perspectives 2015, 156(S1): S247-S262 Oteyza, J. C.; et al. Nests, Eggs, and Incubation: Deeming, D. C.; New Ideas About Avian 12 Functional properties of nests Mainwaring, M. C. Reproduction 2015, 29-49 Oil and natural gas development has mixed Ludlow, Sarah M.; Condor 11 effects on the density and reproductive success Brigham, R. Mark; 2015, 117(1): 64-75 of grassland songbirds Davis, Stephen K. Ouwehand, J.; Light-level geolocators reveal migratory Ahola, M. P.; Journal of Avian Biology 10 connectivity in European populations of pied Ausems, A. N. M. 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A systematic review of Roffi, Alice; Filardo, Arthroscopic and Related Surgery preclinical and clinical evidence Giuseppe; et al. 2015, 31(4): 767-775 Rotator cuff repair published evidence on McElvany, Matthew D.; American Journal of Sports 29 factors associated with repair integrity and McGoldrick, Erik; Medicine clinical outcome Gee, Albert O.; et al. 2015, 43(2): 491-500 Do epidural injections provide short and Manchikanti, Laxmaiah; Clinical Orthopaedics and Related 28 long-term relief for lumbar disc herniation? Benyamin, Ramsin M.; Research A systematic review Falco, Frank J. 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Charles in acquired sensorineural hearing loss 2015, 330(SI): 191-199 Seidman, Michael D.; Otolaryngology-Head and Neck 38 Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis Gurgel, Richard K.; Surgery Lin, Sandra Y.; et al. 2015, 152(1): S1-S43 Smith, Kristine A.; Cost of adult chronic rhinosinusitis: A Laryngoscope 31 Orlandi, Richard R.; systematic review Rudmik, Luke 2015, 125(7): 1547-1556 Journal of Vestibular Lopez-Escameza, Jose Research-Equilibrium & 27 Diagnostic criteria for Meniere’s disease A.; Carey, John; Orientation Chung, Won-Ho; et al. 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅2015, 25(1): 1-7 Mosnier, Isabelle; Jama Otolaryngology-Head & Improvement of cognitive function after 23 Bebear, Jean-Pierre; Neck Surgery cochlear implantation in elderly patients Marx, Mathieu; et al. 2015, 141(5): 442-450 Jaro-Journal of the Association Dynamics of cochlear synaptopathy after Liberman, Leslie D.; 21 for Research in Otolaryngology acoustic overexposure Liberman, M. Charles 2015, 16(2): 205-219 Hutcheson, Katherine European Archives of Functional outcomes after TORS for A.; Holsinger, F. 21 Oto-Rhino-Laryngology oropharyngeal cancer: A systematic review Christopher; Kupferman, Michael E.; et al. 2015, 272(2): 463-471 Steele, Catriona M.; The influence of food texture and liquid Alsanei, Woroud Dysphagia 21 consistency modification on swallowing Abdulrahman; physiology and function: A systematic review Ayanikalath, Sona; 2015, 30(1): 2-26 et al. Investigation of change in cardinal symptoms DeConde, Adam S.; International Forum of Allergy 20 of chronic rhinosinusitis after surgical or Mace, Jess C.; Alt, & Rhinology ongoing medical management Jeremiah A.; et al. 2015, 5(1): 36-45 ·65· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Paleontology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Tierney, Jessica E.; Tropical sea surface temperatures for the past four Abram, Nerilie J.; Paleoceanography 27 centuries reconstructed from coral archives Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; 2015, 30(3): 226-252 et al. Pollen and macroremains from Holocene Mercuri, Anna Maria; Review of Palaeobotany and 20 archaeological sites: A dataset for the understanding Allevato, Emilia; Palynology of the bio-cultural diversity of the Italian landscape Arobba, Daniele; et al. 2015, 218(SI): 250-266 Strap: An R package for plotting phylogenies Bell, Mark A.; Palaeontology 17 against stratigraphy and assessing their Lloyd, Graeme T. 2015, 58(2): 379-389 stratigraphic congruence Carbon and strontium isotope stratigraphy of Frijia, Gianluca; the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Campanian) Parente, Mariano; Cretaceous Research 15 shallow-water carbonates of southern Italy: Di Lucia, Matteo; 2015, 53: 110-139 Chronostratigraphic calibration of larger et al. foraminifera biostratigraphy Palaeogeography Changes in marine productivity and redox Zhou, Lian; Palaeoclimatology conditions during the Late Ordovician Algeo, Thomas J.; 15 Palaeoecology Hirnantian glaciation《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Shen, Jun; et al. 2015, 420: 223-234 Palynology of Aptian and upper Albian (Lower Barron, Eduardo; Cretaceous) amber-bearing outcrops of the Peyrot, Daniel; Pedro Cretaceous Research 15 southern margin of the Basque-Cantabrian Rodriguez-Lopez, 2015, 52: 292-312 basin (northern Spain) Juan; et al. 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Caloxanthus Sadori, Laura; Review of Palaeobotany qnd 14 Archaeobotany in italian ancient roman harbours Allevato, Emilia; Palynology Bellini, Cristina; et al. 2015, 218(SI): 217-230 Dicranoptycha osten sacken, 1860 (Diptera, Kania, Iwona; Cretaceous Research 14 Limoniidae) from the earliest cenomanian Wang, Bo; 2015, 52: 522-530 burmese amber Szwedo, Jacek ·66· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Parasitology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Zanluca, Camila; Andrade de Melo, Memórias do Instituto First report of autochthonous transmission of Zika 191 Vanessa Campos; Oswaldo Cruz virus in Brazil Pamplona Mosimann, 2015, 110(4): 569-572 Ana Luiza; et al. Backhed, Fredrik; Dynamics and stabilization of the human gut Roswall, Josefine; Cell Host & Microbe 117 microbiome during the first year of life Peng, Yangqing; 2015, 17(5): 690-703 et al. 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What is the impact of mental health-related Clement, S.; Psychological Medicine 75 stigma on help-seeking? 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A systematic review Graham, T.; of quantitative and qualitative studies 2015, 45(1): 11-27 et al. The cognitive neuroscience of working D’Esposito, Mark; Annual Review of Psychology 74 memory Postle, Bradley R. 2015, 66: 115-142 The science of mind wandering: Empirically Smallwood, Jonathan; Annual Review of Psychology 71 navigating the stream of consciousness Schooler, Jonathan W. 2015, 66: 487-518 Polanczyk, Guilherme V.; Annual research review: A meta-analysis of Journal of Child Psychology and Salum, Giovanni A.; 68 the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders Psychiatry Sugaya, Luisa S.; in children and adolescents et al. 2015, 56(3): 345-365 Garfinkel, Sarah N.; Knowing your own heart: Distinguishing Seth, Anil K.; Biological Psychology 63 interoceptive accuracy《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 from interoceptive Barrett, Adam B.; awareness 2015, 104: 65-74 et al. The nucleus accumbens: An interface Annual Review of Psychology 51 Floresco, Stan B. between cognition, emotion, and action 2015, 66: 25-52 The reward positivity: From basic research Psychophysiology 48 Proudfit, Greg Hajcak on reward to a biomarker for depression Robust speech perception: Recognize the Kleinschmidt, Psychological Review 47 familiar, generalize to the similar, and Dave F.; adapt to the novel Jaeger, T. Florian 2015, 122(2): 148-203 Motivation and cognitive control: From Botvinick, Matthew; Annual Review of Psychology 46 behavior to neural mechanism Braver, Todd 2015, 66: 83-113 Beyond simple models of self-control to Annual Review of Psychology 45 Casey, B. J. circuit-based accounts of adolescent behavior 2015, 66: 295-319 ·82· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Robotics Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Computational Intelligence Azar, Ahmad Taher; Computational intelligence applications in Applications in Modeling and 27 Vaidyanathan, modeling and control preface Control Sundarapandian 2015, 575: V-VII Wu, Naiqi; IEEE Robotics & Automation 26 Short-term scheduling of crude-oil operations Zhou, Mengchu; Magazine Li, Zhiwu 2015, 22(2): 64-76 Johnson, Matthew; Team IHMC’s lessons learned from the DARPA Journal of Field Robotics 24 Shrewsbury, Brandon; robotics challenge trials Bertrand, Sylvain; et al. 2015, 32(2): 192-208 Yan, Tingfang; Robotics and Autonomous Review of assistive strategies in powered Cempini, Marco; 24 Systems lower-limb orthoses and exoskeletons Oddo, Calogero Maria; et al. 2015, 64: 120-136 Niu, Shichao; Excellent structure-based multifunction of Journal of Bionic Engineering 22 Li, Bo; morpho butterfly wings: A review 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Mu, Zhengzhi; et al. 2015, 12(2): 170-189 Marchese, Andrew D.; Soft Robotics 22 A recipe for soft fluidic elastomer robots Katzschmann, Robert K.; Rus, Daniela 2015, 2(1): 7-25 Ranzani, T.; A bioinspired soft manipulator for minimally Gerboni, G.; Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 19 invasive surgery Cianchetti, M.; 2015, 10(3) et al. Li, Yang; Personalized microtopic recommendation with Social Media Processing 19 Jiang, Jing; rich information Liu, Ting; et al. 2015, 568: 1-14 Lenz, Ian; International Journal of Robotics 17 Deep learning for detecting robotic grasps Lee, Honglak; Research Saxena, Ashutosh 2015, 34(4-5): 705-724 He, Wei; Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Neural network control of a rehabilitation robot 15 Ge, Shuzhi Sam; Systems by state and output feedback Li, Yanan; et al. 2015, 80(1): 15-31 ·83· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Statistics & Probability Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Bates, Douglas; Fitting linear mixed-effects models using Maechler, Martin; Journal of Statistical Software 840 lme4 Bolker, Benjamin M.; 2015, 67(1): 1-48 et al. Anders, Simon; HTSeq-a Python framework to work with Bioinformatics 795 Pyl, Paul Theodor; high-throughput sequencing data Huber, Wolfgang 2015, 31(2): 166-169 Hu, Bo; GSDS 2.0: An upgraded gene feature Bioinformatics 96 Jin, Jinpu; visualization server Guo, Anyuan; et al. 2015, 31(8): 1296-1297 Simao, Felipe A.; BUSCO: Assessing genome assembly and Waterhouse, Robert M.; Bioinformatics 90 annotation completeness with single-copy Ioannidis, Panagiotis; orthologs 2015, 31(19): 3210-3212 et al. Multivariate Behavioral An index and test of linear moderated 89 Hayes, Andrew F. Research mediation 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 2015, 50(1): 1-22 repDNA: A python package to generate various Liu, Bin; modes of feature vectors for DNA sequences Bioinformatics 88 Liu, Fule; by incorporating user-defined physicochemical Fang, Longyun; et al. 2015, 31(8): 1307-1309 properties and sequence-order effects The ASA’s statement on p-values: Context, Wasserstein, Ronald L.; American Statistician 72 process, and purpose Lazar, Nicole A. 2016, 70(2): 129-131 Adaptive fuzzy control for a class of Liu, Yanjun; Fuzzy Sets and Systems 49 unknown nonlinear dynamical systems Tong, Shaocheng 2015, 263: 49-70 PseKNC-general: A cross-platform package Chen, Wei; Bioinformatics 48 for generating various modes of pseudo Zhang, Xitong; nucleotide compositions Brooker, Jordan; et al. 2015, 31(1): 119-120 Roy, Kunal; Chemometrics and Intelligent On a simple approach for determining 47 Kar, Supratik; Laboratory Systems applicability domain of QSAR models Ambure, Pravin 2015, 145: 22-29 ·84· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Substance Abuse Citation Title Authors Source Frequency King, Brian A.; Trends in awareness and use of electronic Patel, Roshni; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 85 cigarettes among US adults, 2010-2013 Nguyen, Kimberly H.; 2015, 17(2): 219-227 et al. Intentions to smoke cigarettes among never- Bunnell, Rebecca E.; smoking US middle and high school electronic Agaku, Israel T.; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 81 cigarette users: National youth tobacco survey, Arrazola, Rene A.; 2015, 17(2): 228-235 2011-2013 et al. McMillen, Robert C.; Trends in electronic cigarette use among US Gottlieb, Mark A.; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 57 adults: Use is Increasing in both smokers and Shaefer, Regina M. nonsmokers 2015, 17(10): 1195-1202 Whitmore; et al. A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette use among a population-based sample of adult Biener, Lois; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 53 smokers: Association with smoking cessation Hargraves, J. Lee 2015, 17(2): 127-133 and motivation to quit What has research over the past two decades Addiction 53 revealed about the adverse《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 health effects of Hall, Wayne recreational cannabis use? 2015, 110(1): 19-35 Kong, Grace; Reasons for electronic cigarette experimentation Morean, Meghan E.; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 36 and discontinuation among adolescents and Cavallo, Dana A.; young adults 2015, 17(7): 847-854 et al. Is the use of electronic cigarettes while smoking Brose, Leonie S.; associated with smoking cessation attempts, Addiction 35 Hitchman, Sara C.; cessation and reduced cigarette consumption? A Brown, Jamie; et al. 2015, 110(7): 1160-1168 survey with a 1-year follow-up Brief alcohol interventions for adolescents and Journal of Substance Abuse Tanner-Smith, Emily 34 young adults: A systematic review and Treatment E.; Lipsey, Mark W. meta-analysis 2015, 51: 1-18 Effects of user puff topography, device voltage, Talih, Soha; and liquid nicotine concentration on electronic Balhas, Zainab; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 34 cigarette nicotine yield: Measurements and model Eissenberg, Thomas; 2015, 17(2): 150-157 predictions et al. Associations between E-cigarette type, frequency Hitchman, Sara C.; Nicotine & Tobacco Research 28 of use, and quitting smoking: Findings from a Brose, Leonie S.; longitudinal online panel survey in great britain Brown, Jamie; et al. 2015, 17(10): 1187-1194 ·85· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Surgery Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Recommendations for laparoscopic liver resection Wakabayashi, Go; Annals of Surgery 99 a report from the second international consensus Cherqui, Daniel; 2015, 261(4): 619-629 conference held in morioka Geller, David A.; et al. The 2014 International Society of Urological Epstein, Jonathan I.; American Journal of Surgical Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on gleason 92 Egevad, Lars; Pathology grading of prostatic carcinoma definition of grading Amin, Mahul B.; et al. 2016, 40(2): 244-252 patterns and proposal for a new grading system Angrisani, L.; Obesity Surgery 92 Bariatric surgery worldwide 2013 Santonicola, A.; 2015, 25(10): 1822-1832 Iovino, P.; et al. Kirklin, James K.; Journal of Heart and Lung Seventh INTERMACS annual report: 15000 Naftel, David C.; 89 Transplantation patients and counting Pagani, Francis D.; 2015, 34(12): 1495-1504 et al. Matas, A. J.; American Journal of 81 OPTN/SRTR 2013 annual data report: Kidney Smith, J. M.; Transplantation 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅Skeans, M. A.; et al. 2015, 15(SI) Rosenfeld, Richard Otolaryngology-Head and M.; Piccirillo, Jay F.; 67 Clinical practice guideline (Update): Adult sinusitis Neck Surgery Chandrasekhar, Sujana 2015, 152(2): S1-S39 S.; et al. A consensus document for the selection of lung Weill, David; Journal of Heart and Lung transplant candidates: 2014-An update from the 67 Benden, Christian; Transplantation pulmonary transplantation council of the inter- Corris, Paul. A.; et al. 2015, 34(1): 1-15 national society for heart and lung transplantation Radiological and surgical implications of Ferrone, Cristina R.; neoadjuvant treatment with FOLFIRINOX for Marchegiani, Annals of Surgery 65 locally advanced and borderline resectable Giovanni; Hong, 2015, 261(1): 12-17 pancreatic cancer Theodore S.; et al. Fernandez-Hevia, Transanal total mesorectal excision in rectal Maria; Delgado, Annals of Surgery 53 cancer short-term outcomes in comparison with Salvadora; Castells, 2015, 261(2): 221-227 laparoscopic surgery Antoni; et al. Functional compromise reflected by sarcopenia, Reisinger, Kostan W.; frailty, and nutritional depletion predicts adverse van Vugt, Jeroen L. Annals of Surgery 51 postoperative outcome after colorectal cancer A.; Tegels, Juul J. W.; 2015, 261(2): 345-352 surgery et al. ·86· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Telecommunications Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Achieving efficient cloud search services: Fu, Zhangjie; Ieice Transactions on 108 Multi-keyword ranked search over encrypted Sun, Xingming; Communications cloud data supporting parallel computing Liu, Qi; et al. 2015, E98B(1): 190-200 Lu, Xiao; IEEE Communications Surveys and Wireless networks with RF energy 108 Wang, Ping; Tutorials harvesting: A contemporary survey Niyato, Dusit; et al. 2015, 17(2): 757-789 A novel routing protocol providing good Shen, Jian; Journal of Internet Technology 108 transmission reliability in underwater sensor Tan, Haowen; networks Wang, Jin; et al. 2015, 16(1): 171-178 Ren, Yongjun; Mutual verifiable provable data auditing in Journal of Internet Technology 100 Shen, Jian; public cloud storage Wang, Jin; et al. 2015, 16(2): 317-323 Checko, Aleksandra; IEEE Communications Surveys and Cloud RAN for mobile networks: A 78 Christiansen, Henrik Tutorials technology overview 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅L.; Yan, Ying; et al. 2015, 17(1): 405-426 IEEE Transactions on Wireless Coverage and rate analysis for Bai, Tianyang; 73 Communications millimeter-wave cellular networks Heath, Robert W., Jr. 2015, 14(2): 1100-1114 Efficient motion and disparity estimation Pan, Zhaoqing; IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting 64 optimization for low complexity multiview Zhang, Yun; video coding Kwong, Sam 2015, 61(2): 166-176 IEEE Communications Surveys and Wireless network virtualization: A survey, Liang, Chengchao; 63 Tutorials some research issues and challenges Yu, F. Richard 2015, 17(1): 358-380 Bi, Suzhi; Wireless powered communication: IEEE Communications Magazine 59 Ho, Chin Keong; Opportunities and challenges Zhang, Rui 2015, 53(4): 117-125 Ulukus, Sennur; IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Energy harvesting wireless communications: 59 Yener, Aylin; Communications A review of recent advances Erkip, Elza; et al. 2015, 33(3): 360-381 ·87· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Thermodynamics Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Three dimensional mesoscopic simulation of International Journal of Heat Sheikholeslami, M.; 100 magnetic field effect on natural convection of and Mass Transfer Ellahi, R. nanofluid 2015, 89: 799-808 Ellahi, R.; International Journal of Heat Shape effects of nanosize particles in Cu-H2O 76 Hassan, M.; and Mass Transfer nanofluid on entropy generation Zeeshan, A. 2015, 81: 449-456 Multivariate weighted complex network analysis Gao, Zhongke; Experimental Thermal and 67 for characterizing nonlinear dynamic behavior in Fang, Pengcheng; Fluid Science two-phase flow Ding, Meishuang; et al. 2015, 60: 157-164 Sheikholeslami, International Journal of Heat Forced convection heat transfer in a semi annulus Mohsen; Vajravelu, 66 and Mass Transfer under the influence of a variable magnetic field Kuppalapalle; Rashidi, Mohammad Mehdi 2016, 92: 339-348 Lattice Boltzmann simulation of magnetohy- Sheikholeslami, International Journal of Heat drodynamic natural convection heat transfer of Mohsen; Gorji-Bandpy, 66 and Mass Transfer Al2O3-water nanofluid《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 in a horizontal cylindrical Mofid; Vajravelu, enclosure with an inner triangular cylinder Kuppalapalle 2015, 80: 16-25 Baeyens, Jan; Progress in Energy and Challenges and opportunities in improving the 62 Kang, Qian; Combustion Science production of bio-ethanol Appels, Lise; et al. 2015, 47: 60-88 Review of high efficiency and clean reactivity Progress in Energy and Reitz, Rolf D.; 62 controlled compression ignition (RCCI) Combustion Science Duraisamy, Ganesh combustion in internal combustion engines 2015, 46: 12-71 Mixed convection heat transfer in power law Sui, Jize; International Journal of Heat 51 fluids over a moving conveyor along an Zheng, Liancun; and Mass Transfer inclined plate Zhang, Xinxin; et al. 2015, 85: 1023-1033 Progress in Energy and Plasma assisted combustion: Dynamics and Ju, Yiguang; 50 Combustion Science chemistry Sun, Wenting 2015, 48: 21-83 Developments in organic solid-liquid phase Sharma, R. K.; Energy Conversion and 50 change materials and their applications in Ganesan, P.; Management thermal energy storage Tyagi, V. V.; et al. 2015, 95: 193-228 ·88· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Toxicology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Annual Review of Urban, Daniel J.; 73 Activated by Designer Drugs): Chemogenetic Pharmacology and Toxicology Roth, Bryan L. tools with therapeutic utility 2015, 55: 399-417 Use of satellite observations for long-term van Donkelaar, Aaron; Environmental Health 59 exposure assessment of global concentrations Martin, Randall V.; Perspectives of fine particulate matter Brauer, Michael; et al. 2015, 123(2): 135-143 Singh, Rachana; Ecotoxicology and Arsenic contamination, consequences and 57 Singh, Samiksha; Environmental Safety remediation techniques: A review Parihar, Parul; et al. 2015, 112: 247-270 Gyoergy, Bence; Annual Review of Therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles: Hung, Michelle E.; 56 Pharmacology and Toxicology Clinical promise and open questions Breakefield, Xandra O.; et al. 2015, 55: 439-464 Pharmacodynamics, efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT2) Drugs 53 Scheen, Andre J. inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes 2015, 75(1): 33-59 mellitus 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Radosevic, Kristina; Ecotoxicology and Evaluation of toxicity and biodegradability of Bubalo, Marina 40 Environmental Safety choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents Cvjetko; Srcek, Visnje Gaurina; et al. 2015, 112: 46-53 Bisphenol S and F: A systematic review and Environmental Health Rochester, Johanna R.; 39 comparison of the hormonal activity of Perspectives Bolden, Ashley L. bisphenol a substitutes 2015, 123(7): 643-650 Interaction of tannic acid with carbon nanotubes: Zhang, Xiaoyong; Toxicology Research 38 Enhancement of dispersibility and Liu, Meiying; biocompatibility Zhang, Xiqi; et al. 2015, 4(1): 160-168 Siddiqui, Waseem The mystery of Bcl2 family: Bcl-2 proteins and Archives of Toxicology 36 Ahmad; Ahad, Amjid; apoptosis: An update Ahsan, Haseeb 2015, 89(3): 289-317 Guadagnini, Rina; Toxicity screenings of nanomaterials: Challenges Kenzaoui, Blanka Nanotoxicology 35 due to interference with assay processes and Halamoda; Walker, components of classic in vitro tests 2015, 9(1): 13-24 Laura; et al. ·89· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Transportation Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Transportation Research Part Global optimization method for network design Liu, Haoxiang; 29 B-Methodological problem with stochastic user equilibrium Wang, David Z. W. 2015, 72: 20-39 Dynamics of heterogeneity in urban networks: Ramezani, Mohsen; Transportation Research Part 27 Aggregated traffic modeling and hierarchical Haddad, Jack; B-Methodological control Geroliminis, Nikolas 2015, 74: 1-19 Rezvani, Zeinab; Transportation Research Part Advances in consumer electric vehicle adoption 22 Jansson, Johan; D-Transport and Environment research: A review and research agenda Bodin, Jan 2015, 34: 122-136 Ibarra-Rojas, O. J.; Transportation Research Part Planning, operation, and control of bus 21 Delgado, F.; B-Methodological transport systems: A literature review Giesen, R.; et al. 2015, 77: 38-75 Transportation Research Part A novel discrete network design problem Wang, David Z. W.; E-Logistics and Transportation 21 formulation and its global optimization Liu, Haoxiang; Review solution algorithm Szeto, W. Y. 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅2015, 79: 213-230 Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles: Transportation Research Part Fagnant, Daniel J.; 20 Opportunities, barriers and policy A-Policy and Practice Kockelman, Kara recommendations 2015, 77: 167-181 On the fundamental diagram for freeway Qu, Xiaobo; Transportation Research Part 18 traffic: A novel calibration approach for Wang, Shuaian; B-Methodological single-regime models Zhang, Jin 2015, 73: 91-102 Wang, Shuaian; Transportation Research Part Profit-based maritime container assignment 17 Liu, Zhiyuan; B-Methodological models for liner shipping networks Bell, Michael G. H. 2015, 72: 59-76 Accident Analysis and Modeling crash spatial heterogeneity: Random Xu, Pengpeng; 16 Prevention parameter versus geographically weighting Huang, Helai 2015, 75: 16-25 Train scheduling for minimizing passenger Niu, Huimin; Transportation Research Part waiting time with time-dependent demand and 15 Zhou, Xuesong; B-Methodological skip-stop patterns: Nonlinear integer Gao, Ruhu programming models with linear constraints 2015, 76: 117-135 ·90· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Veterinary Sciences Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection: Etiology, Jung, Kwonil; Veterinary Journal 43 epidemiology, pathogenesis and immunoprophylaxis Saif, Linda J. 2015, 204(2): 134-143 International Society of Human and Animal Mycology Irinyi, Laszlo; (ISHAM)-ITS reference DNA barcoding database-the Serena, Carolina; Medical Mycology 28 quality controlled standard tool for routine Garcia-Hermoso, Dea; 2015, 53(4): 313-337 identification of human and animal pathogenic fungi et al. Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Annual Review of Animal 26 The genome 10 K project: A way forward Paten, Benedict; Biosciences O’Brien, Stephen J. 2015, 3: 57-111 Van den Brom, R.; Haemonchus contortus resistance to monepantel in Veterinary Parasitology 25 Moll, L.; Kappert, C.; sheep et al. 2015, 209(3-4): 278-280 Previous infection of sows with a “mild” strain of Goede, Dane; Veterinary Microbiology 23 porcine epidemic diarrhea virus confers protection Murtaugh, Michael P.; against infection with《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 a “severe” strain Nerem, Joel; et al. 2015, 176(1-2): 161-164 Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Li, Wei; Cryptosporidium, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Veterinary Parasitology 22 Li, Yijing; Giardia duodenalis in cats and dogs in Heilongjiang Song, Mingxin; et al. 2015, 208(3-4): 125-134 province, China Nava, Santiago; The taxonomic status of Rhipicephalus sanguineus Veterinary Parasitology 22 Estrada-Pena, Agustin; (Latreille, 1806) Petney, Trevor; et al. 2015, 208(1-1): 2-8 Sanchez-Vizcaino, J. Journal of Comparative An update on the epidemiology and pathology of M.; Mur, L.; Gomez- 21 Pathology african swine fever Villamandos, J. C.; et al. 2015, 152(1): 9-21 Response evaluation criteria for solid tumours in Nguyen, S. M.; Veterinary and Comparative 20 dogs (v1.0): A Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Thamm, D. H.; Oncology Group (VCOG) consensus document Vail, D. M.; et al. 2015, 13(3): 176-183 Song, Linsheng; Fish & Shellfish The immune system and its modulation mechanism 20 Wang, Lingling; Immunology in scallop Zhang, Huan; et al. 2015, 46(1): 65-78 ·91· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Virology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Hamel, Rodolphe; Biology of zika virus infection in human skin Dejarnac, Ophelie; Journal of Virology 122 cells Wichit, Sineewanlaya; 2015, 89(17): 8880-8896 et al. Backhed, Fredrik; Dynamics and stabilization of the human Cell Host & Microbe 117 Roswall, Josefine; gut microbiome during the first year of life Peng, Yangqing; et al. 2015, 17(5): 690-703 Musso, Didier; Journal of Clinical Virology 112 Detection of Zika virus in saliva Roche, Claudine; Tu-Xuan Nhan; et al. 2015, 68: 53-55 Carmody, Rachel N.; Diet dominates host genotype in shaping the Gerber, Georg K.; Cell Host & Microbe 103 murine gut microbiota Luevano, Jesus M., Jr.; 2015, 17(1): 72-84 et al. The dynamics of the human infant gut Kostic, Aleksandar D.; Cell Host & Microbe 92 microbiome in development and in Gevers, Dirk; progression toward《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 type 1 diabetes Siljander, Heli; et al. 2015, 17(2): 260-273 Zammarchi, Lorenzo; Zika virus infections imported to Italy: Stella, Giulia; Journal of Clinical Virology 60 Clinical, immunological and virological Mantella, Antonia; findings, and public health implications 2015, 63: 32-35 et al. Lazear, Helen M.; Govero, Jennifer; Cell Host & Microbe 53 A mouse model of zika virus pathogenesis Smith, Amber M.; 2016, 19(5): 720-730 et al. Seeger, Christoph; Virology 53 Molecular biology of hepatitis B virus infection Mason, William S. 2015, 479(SI): 672-686 Sogaard, Ole S.; The depsipeptide romidepsin reverses hiv-1 Plos Pathogens 52 Graversen, Mette E.; latency in vivo Leth, Steffen; et al. 2015, 11(9): e1005142 Watson, Robert O.; The cytosolic sensor cGAS detects myco- Bell, Samantha L.; Cell Host & Microbe 51 bacterium tuberculosis DNA to induce MacDuff, Donna A.; type I interferons and activate autophagy 2015, 17(6): 811-819 et al. ·92· Vol. 12 No. 5 Chinese Science Abstracts Data Ranking Water Resources Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Shaffer, Devin L.; Desalination 91 Forward osmosis: Where are we now? Werber, Jay R.; Jaramillo, Humberto; et al. 2015, 356(SI): 271-284 A review on emerging contaminants in Petrie, Bruce; wastewaters and the environment: Current Water Research 81 Barden, Ruth; knowledge, understudied areas and Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara 2015, 72(SI): 3-27 recommendations for future monitoring Mohammad, A. W.; Nanofiltration membranes review: Recent Desalination 76 Teow, Y. H.; advances and future prospects Ang, W. L.; et al. 2015, 356(SI): 226-254 Drioli, Enrico; Membrane distillation: Recent developments Desalination 64 Ali, Aamer; and perspectives Macedonio, Francesca 2015, 356(SI): 56-84 The limitations of applying zero-valent iron technology in contaminants sequestration and Guan, Xiaohong; Water Research 62 the corresponding countermeasures: The Sun, Yuankui; development in zero-《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅valent iron technology Qin, Hejie; et al. 2015, 75: 224-248 in the last two decades (1994-2014) Occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic Rodriguez-Mozaz, Sara; resistance genes in hospital and urban Water Research 58 Chamorro, Sara; wastewaters and their impact on the Marti, Elisabet; et al. 2015, 69: 234-242 receiving river Ahmed, Farah Ejaz; A review on electrospinning for membrane Desalination 49 Lalia, Boor Singh; fabrication: Challenges and applications Hashaikeh, Raed 2015, 356(SI): 15-30 Improving forecasting accuracy of annual Wang, Wenchuan; Water Resources 48 runoff time series using ARIMA based on Chau, Kwok-wing; Management EEMD decomposition Xu, Dongmei; et al. 2015, 29(8): 2655-2675 Emerging desalination technologies for water Subramani, Arun; Water Research 48 treatment: A critical review Jacangelo, Joseph G. 2015, 75: 164-187 Balsamo, G.; Hydrology and Earth ERA-interim/land: A global land surface 48 Albergel, C.; System Sciences reanalysis data set Beljaars, A.; et al. 2015, 19(1): 389-407 ·93· Data Ranking Chinese Science Abstracts 2017 Zoology Citation Title Authors Source Frequency Island life in the Cretaceous-faunal composition, Csiki-Sava, Zoltan; biogeography, evolution, and extinction of Zookeys 36 Buffetaut, Eric; land-living vertebrates on the late Cretaceous Osi, Attila; et al. 2015, 469(SI): 1-161 European archipelago Wong, Bob B. M.; Behavioral Ecology 31 Behavioral responses to changing environments Candolin, Ulrika 2015, 26(3): 665-673 The effect of experimental design on the Dougherty, Liam R.; Behavioral Ecology 30 measurement of mate choice: A meta-analysis Shuker, David M. 2015, 26(2): 311-319 Lacey, L. A.; Journal of Invertebrate Insect pathogens as biological control agents: 29 Grzywacz, D.; Pathology Back to the future Shapiro-Ilan, D. I.; et al. 2015, 132: 1-41 From micropterism to hyperpterism: Recognition Bourgoin, Thierry; strategy and standardized homology-driven Zoomorphology 28 Wang, Rongrong; terminology of the forewing venation patterns Asche, Manfred; et al. 2015, 134(1): 63-77 in planthoppers《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) Proposal for a revised classification of the Morrow, Christine; Frontiers in Zoology 27 Demospongiae (Porifera) Cardenas, Paco 2015, 12: 7 A sting in the spit: Widespread cross-infection McMahon, Dino P.; Journal of Animal Ecology 26 of multiple RNA viruses across wild and Fuerst, Matthias A.; managed bees Caspar, Jesicca; et al. 2015, 84(3): 615-624 Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Annual Review of Animal 26 The genome 10 K project: A way forward Paten, Benedict; Biosciences O’Brien, Stephen J. 2015, 3: 57-111 Lizard island polychaete workshop: Sampling Ribas, Julia; Zootaxa 24 sites and a checklist of polychaetes Hutchings, Pat 2015, 4019(1): 7-34 Morphological evidence that the molecularly Journal of Zoological Brunetti, Riccardo; determined Ciona intestinalis type A and type Systematics and Evolutionary 23 Gissi, Carmela; B are different species: Ciona robusta and Research Pennati, Roberta; et al. Ciona intestinalis 2015, 53(3): 186-193 Responsible Editor: YAO Yu-qin ·94· 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅