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In Higher Education

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In Higher Education IN HIGHER EDUCATIO N Contents Higher Education is Changing Gears ........................................................................................................5 1. Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................6 1.1. Hungarian Higher Education in 2030 ...........................................................................................................7 1.2. Current State of Hungarian Higher Education ...........................................................................................9 1.3. What changes are needed? ............................................................................................................................11 2. Competition, Performance, Quality and Success ...............................................................................15 2.1. Performance-based Teaching and Learning Environment ......................................................................16 2.1.1. Strategic Objectives Set in the Field of Education and Training ..................................................18 2.2. World-class Research ...................................................................................................................................23 2.2.1. Strategic Objective of the Higher Education Institutional System Related to R&D&I ..............24 2.3. Higher Education is the Catalyst for Urban and Regional Development ..............................................28 2.3.1. Strategic Objectives Related to the Th ird Mission of Higher Education .....................................28 3. Changes Required for Development .................................................................................................... 33 3.1. Profi le clarifi cation and Specialisation ........................................................................................................33 3.2. Transformation of the Institutional System ...............................................................................................37 3.2.1. Public Institutions ................................................................................................................................39 3.2.2. Church and Private Institutions ........................................................................................................42 3.2.3. Unity of the Hungarian Higher Education in the Carpathian Basin ..........................................42 3.2.4. Internationalisation of the Hungarian Higher Education ............................................................43 3.3. Educational Innovation .................................................................................................................................45 3.4. Effi cient Institution Management and New Business Models ................................................................47 3.4.1. Transformation of the High Level Management System of Institutions ......................................48 3.4.2. Operative Management Model of Institutions - Rector and Chancellor .....................................49 3.4.3. Transformation of the Student System .............................................................................................50 3.4.4. New Business Models and the Resulting Strategic Actions ..........................................................50 3.4.5. Central Services in the Sector ............................................................................................................51 4. Special Areas of Intervention ............................................................................................................... 52 4.1. Medical, Healthcare and Social Education and Training .......................................................................52 4.2. Education and Training in Natural Sciences, Engineering and IT ........................................................55 4.2.1. Education and Training in Natural Sciences ...................................................................................55 4.2.2. Education and Training in Engineering...........................................................................................58 4.2.3. Education and training in IT ............................................................................................................60 4.3. Education and Training in Economic Sciences ........................................................................................61 4.4. Eduation and Training in Agriculture ........................................................................................................63 4.5. Teacher Training ...........................................................................................................................................64 5. Financing .............................................................................................................................................67 6. Key Points ............................................................................................................................................. 70 6.1. Performance-based teaching and learning environment .........................................................................70 6.2. World-class Research ....................................................................................................................................70 6.3. Higher Education is the Catalyst for Urban and Regional Development ..............................................71 6.4. Profi le clarifi cation and specialization .......................................................................................................72 6.5. Transformation of the institutional system ...............................................................................................72 6.6. Educational innovation .................................................................................................................................72 6.7. Effi cient Institution Management and New business Models..................................................................72 6.8. Special areas of intervention ........................................................................................................................72 6.9. Financing .........................................................................................................................................................73 ▶ 3 ◀ Higher Education is Changing Gears In the last 25 years Hungary has paid its long standing debt to society and families regarding higher education. Higher education became more accessible, groups that had been denied access to education could get the desired degrees, freedom of teaching was introduced, the institutional system and structure of training of the unifi ed Hungarian higher education was created, the unity of education and research was re-established and the demand for the quality development of higher education appeared. Regarding access to higher education, the system of institutions in its spatial structure covers the whole country both in economic and social terms. Th is transition process – alongside of the above positive points – toke place in such a way and including such elements (uncritical implementation of the bologna-system, supporting mass education without substantial control, drawing away from the labour-market demands, erroneous interpretation of the autonomy in higher education, unconsidered institutional mergers and formation of structure of programmes), that has led to a system of higher education operating with low effi ciency in almost all of its elements. Over-complicated and uneconomical structure of degree programmes, occasionally worthless degrees, declining performance of lecturers, researchers and students, governance systems with a wide range of powers but with limited obligations, both in the management of the institutions (senate and rector elected on a self-governance base), and in student relations. Hungarian higher education has to switch to the speed of the global world by creating a system that delivers better quality, that is performance oriented and serves the needs of the economy, through using the capabilities of the system in a focussed manner, concentrating on value preservation and creation and using the resources eff ectively. Education and training meeting the needs of the labour market means that institutions fulfi l their roles if knowkedge transferred to students are relevant in the labour market and useful for the society and the national economy as well, and if professionals with adequate qualifi cations and in suffi cient number are available in all regions of the country. To that eff ect we restructure the educational structure of Hungary. Programmes not promoting employments and support to such programmes through state grant will be eliminated, and at the same time new forms of education and training will be created, and interoperability between higher education and vocational education will be facilitated. To make transition from education to work smoother, forms of education requiring project-based student work will be favoured, skills needed in the labour market will be made part of the curricula, dual higher education will be spread, higher vocational education wil be restructured, and industrial cooperation centres will be created. Th e network of institutions will be restructured according to the functional spatial structure of the country, and community-type
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