George Washington and the Temple of Democracy. Teaching with Historic Places
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 368 656 SO 023 851 AUTHOR Hunter, Kathleen A. TITLE George Washington and the Temple of Democracy. Teaching with Historic Places. INSTITUTION National Register of Historic Places, Washington, DC. Interagency Resources Div.; National Trust for Historic Preservation, Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY Mobil Foundation, Inc., New York, NY. PUB DATE 93 NOTE 9p.; For related documents, see ED 364 464-471. AVAILABLE FROMNational Trust for Historic Preservation, 1785 Massachueetts Avenue, Washington, DC 20036. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Instructional Materials (For Learner) (051) Guides Classroom Uso Teaching Guides (For Teacher) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Constitutional History; Elementary Secondary Education; *Federal Government; History Instuction; Instructional Materials; Learning Activities; Maps; *Presidents of the United States; Revolution; *Revolutionary War (United States); Social Studies; Supplementary Reading Materials; *United States History IDENTIFIERS *George Washington; Washington DC ABSTRACT This document, from the lesson plan series, "Teaching with Historic Places," provides a description of George Washington's life and the building of the U.S. Capitol. George Washington became the first U.S. President after leading the colonies through the revolutionary war. The U.S. Congress and the President decided to create a federal city on thr.! Potomac River near Alexandria,Virginia. George Washington laid the cornerstone of the Capitol Building in Washington D.C. on September 23, 1793. Drawings, floorplans, and maps illustrate the text. Fifteen student activities supplement the text for instructional purposes in the elementary and secondary school curriculum. (CK) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supolied by EDRS are the best that can be made h-om the original document. *****************************************************w***************** -.MEM Fort .4c.eazity cr.) CU/14er lan) .0 izzs z _Harperd "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of .Educattonal Research and Improvement MAT RIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CE NTE R (ERIC) Jl'h.s document has been reproduced as reberved from the person or ofganaatron onginaung ft 0 Mtnor changes have been made to improve reproduttron tummy Points of mew or opintons stated tn thts dOcu- TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES ment do notnecessanne representntfmtat INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." OERI oosnion or ototicy -zr-,777/ r AIatitdaVille ///,44,'y - :;i1 /1/ 44- r4.4e / _121 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM GEORGE WASHINGTON AND TH E ... f Wa4ht tiO Temple of Denwcracy ,1 National Tra.rt.for r'fitiorie Preoerration Field Sludy.4)r the Bicentenna. qf the Lizited Stated Capitol :77( opon,tored by the Gem:qt./own Heritage Tam/ /4;, limumorresumiemREMY MACH 2 V. ,SE1598ehlcaPErgiggVi. 00040000P001100 cithe Cityf NONFINEO598og09tglaigLE*E'n, WAS anra T ON. HM MatigiciEit 5 5 0000401:1 °la oZ? C100000000007.7c3=1=10(36.. 1,03S.9P.4E2 03 017 .S-°.Z212.9 IsQ = DC ag° 4DDLY4oZ0.988AME,90t*,sozantuncipmn0000ceeen. EvIng,g.ggas.2°,,,..2:2mEgggHg.hig).E....gtEINELEMB,atc) ow o cm Op OOgcciggig" O"agiggW=gicligra cicuat .488 0 ggEn.:!o08signri.:4341:dotrofir.o gg.,orsi:=...:2,ococatragomorautioczoRl00000 -°°°' act&FV1"iggg888g2C1W6S8EggES DMOOODOOZN g 8E4980 EBREQSE WOE% °am' <JO TP...°00Zsgig gi 800sesSaacioDwang To1183BOOF.1&;v4E1 orre4t Marburs/ liduze . 1,9 440 I ' 0. Great Ta11.4 oqa, -,(A(///(///n7 A lexandria 41,./dr. ,,,MY,/ /(//,./Ifffo, / /.,//:// le/"./ //e, te/0 , /74, 'Vet , te<7/// 11 t ' 614. lilt /14.. It(4 / 01.C.-1446 ve-'94° oud " rton 1./fOtne 4/ Funded by: Mobil Corporation BEST COPY AVAILABLE Teaching. with Historic Places Geowe Iradbingion and the Temple of Democracy George Washinfnon could look Irom the porch at Mount Vernon down his Ileitis to the boat landings, across the Potomac River to the forests ,:ind I arms alona Maryland's shorehne % \ here the once miehty Piscataway Empire had dispersed into iso:ated bands of Indians. To the north, the river reached into the interior, past Alexandria. Georgetown and the site of tl-e new Federal City. The view from his Virginia plantation was a portrait of the promise and challenge facing a very young nation. A land of exquisite beauty and humbling power. it hosted a broodine collision of native peoples. freeborn immigrants and the enslaved. Imagina- tion and enthusiasm stimulated invention and enterprise on the expanding frontier. But suspicion and intrieue among states and interest groups complicated the growth of a national economy. The land was alive with lofty debate tbotit the right values and institu- tions f or a republican government. On the morning of September 18.179.1, President Washington left .Mount Vernon to lay the cornerstone lor the Federal Capitol in a city that was just beginning. It was only a mornine's ride by coach from his home. The Capitol would b,.. home to the Congress of the United States the nation's most precious demo- i cratic institution provided for by the Constitution in 1787. Those who came here as senators and representatives would have the awesome re- ,v, sponsibility to write laws that would chart the nation's destmy. EST COPY AVAILABLE teb.ammiEbt. - I (.644i4 0 Sr4m4mil. d ROTUNDA tiAu. 1 OLD SKNATE Hot. se I CV111,.! CdA44deltj _ :511 II .. uniorasaniumlakinftninbf 4W.4,11.144., 117-741,1, 11-1 Washington was bonded to the land and its people. As a gangly The US. cap%tol. sixteen year-old, he had travelled past the settled farms of the Chesa- The Capitob floorplan, peake Tidewater and the Piedmont to survey the vast holdings of Lord above; drowing of the Fairfax. He explored hardly-known landscapes beyond the Blue Ridge statue Freedom at right; mountains and Shenandoah valley, following the Potomac's swift and the dome as it waters to their origin in the distant Allegheny mountains. appears today, below. A few years later, a strongyoung man of twenty-two, over six feet tall, he returned to the region, leading the Virginia militiE a mission that sparked the European war for a wilderness en. (known in this country as the French and Indian War). On .111.i expedition, his men hacked the first road into the Ohio River Vafley that later became a part of' the National Road. An inexperienced officer, he learned about humiliating defeat at Fort Necessity and about the economic and military chaos that plagued the colonial governments, tying Indians and colonists alike to the rivalries of far-off European powers. Now, having led the colonies through a revolution to independence, he was the nation's first President. He and the people's elected representatives in the Con- g a gress must find orderly solutions to the social and Atilt economic ills they had inherited. The weight of the cornerstone he would lay today was not measured by the stone alone. The stone was weighted with the trust, expectation and optimism that the citizens of the United States cautiously placed in their government. 5 Student ActMties George Washington and the Temple of Democracy Alexandria, Virginia O Why might Washington, Jefferson and other Since his i..outh, \Vashington had seen the city's wharves and Varelltap,es leaders of the republic believe an educated citi- loaded with trade goods from England, Europe, the \Vest Indies. die .\liddle East, zenry was critical to democratic government? .\Irica and .\sia. The Potomac River k as .\lexandria's avenue to the world. The Today we take free, or public, education for ladies and gentlemen ol .\lexandria dressed arid dined as well as their counterparts granted. How many public schools do you know of in I,ondon. Planters and frontierslltell arrived from the interior with hogsheads of in your community? Who can attend these tohacco and wagon loads of timber, flour, alcohol and furs that they excliano-ed for schools? How is public education paid for? Has the Congress passed laws to prova equal educa- manufactured items and trading goods [Or the Indians. tional opportunities for all citizens? \Vashington played an active role in the .\lexandria comtnunity. lie belonged to (he :\lasonic I.odge and concerned himsell with the well-heing ol die cint.ens. O We also take freedom of religion for granted. How dt? the First Congress amend tbe Constitu- On his way to (he Federal City this day, he rode by the .\lexandria Acmulemy tion to ensure freedom of religion? Discover and w here he had cr 'ated an endowment toprovide a free education lOr indigent list churches, synagogues, mosques, temples or hildren in Virginia.I le passed the site where St. Mary's Church was h,1112 built other places of worship in your community. with donations from hint and other citizens. This would he the first Catholit church in a colony where the .\ nglican churcli had been the estabhshI rea.r.on.; \Vasittngton travelled along the Virginia shore of the Potomac toI Inc's ferry that tok him across the riker to Georgetown in .\laryland and the Federal City. George Washington's Patowmack Canal O How might Washington's experiences as a From the Chesapeake 13av to Georgetown, the broad Potomac River ,wells surveyor and military officer during the colonial each day with the Atlantic's salty tides. Then the land rises sharply into the period have led him to his vision (la nation from Piedmont and fresh mountain waters from the upper river thunder through the sea to sea? Why might Washington, and others gorge of the Great Falls of the Potomac. For 10.000 yearslmlian tribes travelled in his day, have concluded that the great eastern the w hole course of the river they named the "meeting place.- Colonial boatmen rivers were the most likely roadways to the inte- poled shallow boats, known as bateaux, along the upper river. loathed pret ariously rior? with trading goods. fhey then hauled their cargo overland past the Falls to meet O Identify on the map the natural barriers that the ocean piing sailing ships at Alexandria and (;eorgetown.