This region dashboard on financial inclusion gives a % high-level overview of the adult % Kachin population uptake and usage Sagaing (  ­   of financial products and % services. The dashboard % Shan also describes the adult Chin (   (   perceptions, attitudes % and needs within the  % Magway Tanintharyi region. (  (   

% % Rakhine Nay Pyi Taw (  (  % Bago % Demographics (   Kayah (  % Tanintharyi is home to % Ayeyarwady Kayin about 881 thousand adults (   (   or close to 3% of the adult % population in . ( % The largest concentration  % Tanintharyi of adults are in Yangon Mon (  (17%) and Mandalay (13%). (  Adult population by State/Region

% Married % Divorced/ % % %  Separated  Tanintharyi % %  Myanmar  Widowed % % Single % Marital status Rural

Urban Rural vs. urban

% 18 - 24 years % Male  Tanintharyi Female 25 - 34 years % % Male  Myanmar  % Female 35 - 44 years %  % 45 - 54 years %  % %  55 - 64 years  % % % 65 years %   % and older % Age (%)  Male vs. female 1USD = ± MMK1,320  % No income % % % 33 $1—$100 % % OF % TANINTHARYI $101—$200  % % HOUSEHOLDS $201—$300 % INVOLVED IN % % 61 are dependent on  Tanintharyi FARMING $301—$400 % savings for their Myanmar of these farming inputs $401—$500 % % $501—$1000 % % 2 borrow from MADB $2001—$10000 % Monthly Refused/ % income % Household involvement in farming (%) do not know  USD (%)

Collection centres % %  18 Middleman/agents OF FARMER % HOUSEHOLDS ARE Wholesaler MOSTLY % SUBSISTENCE OR Directly to consumers % LARGELY FARMING  Markets for commercial farmers FOR OWN Retailer % CONSUMPTION 

% % % % % % % %

% % % % % % % %

Farming Self- Formally- Formally- Informally- Remittances Other No & fishing employed employed employed employed dependent income income (Government) (Private) Main source of income (%) 109’ 98’ Tanintharyi Myanmar 58’ 58’ 53’ 54’ 49’ 25’ 34’ 34’ 38’ 24’ 26’ 25’ 23’ 22’ 9’ 10’

Grocery Public Bank ATM Post Market Medical MFI Mobile store access office facility money Mean time taken to reach destination (minutes - dry season) Myanmar TANINTHARYI

1USD = ± MMK1,320  % No income % % % 33 $1—$100 % % OF % TANINTHARYI $101—$200  % % HOUSEHOLDS $201—$300 % INVOLVED IN % % 61 are dependent on  Tanintharyi FARMING $301—$400 % savings for their Myanmar of these farming inputs $401—$500 % % Dealing with finances % $501—$1000 % is stressful/a burden % % % 2 borrow from MADB $2001—$10000  Monthly You adjust your expenses % Refused/ % income according to your income % % USD (%) Household involvement in farming (%) do not know A budget helps to keep track of % how much money you can spend % Collection centres % You often have to spend more %   Adult % money than you have available % Tanintharyi Middleman/agents population 18 % Myanmar OF FARMER % You keep track of your    % income and expenditure  Agreeing with MILLION HOUSEHOLDS ARE Wholesaler on a monthly basis MOSTLY % statement (%) SUBSISTENCE OR Directly to consumers % LARGELY FARMING  Markets for Unplanned expenses % commercial farmers % FOR OWN Retailer e.g. new clothes  % % Tanintharyi CONSUMPTION   % Irregular/unreliable income % Myanmar 38 % Not enough income % OF TANINTHARYI % % % % % % % %  ADULTS HAVE % % Other DEPLETED HOUSEHOLD % %  % % % % % % % %         % FUNDS FOR FOOD AND  Skipping meal Don’t know % OTHER CRITICAL LIVING NEEDS BEFORE THEIR Reasons for not planning (% of those not planning) NEXT INCOME

Farming Self- Formally- Formally- Informally- Remittances Other No Poverty symptoms reduced % & fishing employed employed employed employed dependent income income nationally between 2013 (Government) (Private) Main source of income (%) and 2018 (22% to 18%). % 109’ Tanintharyi citizens 98’ % 69 have double the national Skipping treatment Tanintharyi OF ADULTS HAVE HAD A average prevalence of Myanmar 58’ 58’ 53’ 54’ 49’ MAJOR EXPENSE OR EVENT hunger symptoms due 25’ 34’ 34’ 38’ to a lack of money. 24’ 26’ 25’ 23’ 22’ 9’ 10’ %

% % %  %  Skipping school Grocery Public Bank ATM Post Market Medical MFI Mobile Borrow/ Rely on Savings credit family/friends store access office facility money % of households experiencing Mean time taken to reach destination (minutes - dry season) Mechanism for paying for major expense (%) poverty symptom Main Regulated/ Financial Main Focus unregulated Uptake Product Provider(s) Tanintharyi adults use different financial mechanisms (both formal and informal), ranging from borrowing and Formal % Payments Bank MEDICAL LIVING EDUCATION pawning of goods to saving and investing, to meet their top Financial Access EXPENSES EXPENSES EXPENSES three needs which are medical, living, and education expenses. Credit, Savings groups, jewellery, Informal % Products  savings livestock, money lenders

Tanintharyi Inclusion % Formal Savings MFI  Myanmar FinScope measures the perceived Depth ownership/usage of financial products. Multiple Informal Formally % products % Credit Money lenders % If an adult (18 years or older) believes to only served  % Banked  currently have or use a product or service % from an institution (e.g. MADB) or Formal % Savings Bank Other formal % family/friend, the individual is classified (non-bank) % % as accessing financial services, either Urban Informal  % Credit Money lenders Informal  % formally or informally. This classification Area % may deviate from supply-side information Excluded % Formal % Payments Bank  (on formal product reporting) as one adult may have multiple products with Financial access overall (with overlaps) (%) Credit, Savings groups, jewellery, Informal % similar institutions (e.g. savings account Rural  savings livestock, money lenders with two banks). FinScope only counts this adult once although having multiple Formal % Payments Bank products in the access strand. The ‘banked’ Banked  % Other formal Credit Savings Payments Insurance category has precedence over other formal Credit, Savings groups,  %  % Male Informal % channels which has precedence over savings jewellery, money lenders  % Gender informal channels. Hence, Finscope and  %  % % % % % % % % % supply-side may differ when reporting on Formal  % Payments Bank Formal adult perceptions versus accounts in the Informal % Credit, Savings groups,  corresponding supply side analysis. Informal % Female  savings jewellery, money lenders Excluded %  % % % % % % % % Overall 48% of Myanmar adults are Overview of financial access (%)         formally served while 50% are informally Informal Cross-use between bank products and services, served. Comparatively, 29% of Tanintharyi Financial access (overall) other formal (non-bank) and informal products Formal (regulated) vs. informal usage of financial products (%) adults are formally served with 43% of adults being served informally. Tanintharyi region Bank access is much lower in Tanintharyi together with other formal (non-bank) has 16% of its households with a formal product uptake. Low economic activity and stability, financial access points and Formal % account compared to a higher 24% nationally. general perceptions of financial services contribute to lower than average financial savings % Tanintharyi % inclusion compared to national averages. Banked  Myanmar % Other formal % % % % % (non-bank) % Tanintharyi % % %  Informal % One household % % % %  one account (%) Tanintharyi Myanmar Myanmar % At home % % Other formal Not saving % Banked Informal only Excluded Financial access  Tanintharyi adult product ownership or (non-bank) strand (%) usage is largely driven by credit from MFI Savings overall (with overlaps) (%) 19% (8%). Overall penetration of MFIs is 11% % %  %  % while MADB is 4%. %   OF TANINTHARYI % % % % % % % % % ADULTS CLAIM TO   % %     MADB MFI Cooperatives  % Tanintharyi BELONG TO INFORMAL % % % %  % % % % % Tanintharyi    %      %   % Myanmar SAVINGS GROUPS. Myanmar % % % Female Male Rural Urban Penetration levels Savings Savings other Savings Savings Do not Saving - formal product up-take (%) Tanintharyi access strand by gender (%) Tanintharyi access strand by location (%) at bank formal (non-bank) informal at home save strand (%) Main Regulated/ Financial Main Focus unregulated Uptake Product Provider(s) Tanintharyi adults use different financial mechanisms (both formal and informal), ranging from borrowing and Formal % Payments Bank MEDICAL LIVING EDUCATION pawning of goods to saving and investing, to meet their top Access EXPENSES EXPENSES EXPENSES three needs which are medical, living, and education expenses. Credit, Savings groups, jewellery, Informal % Products  savings livestock, money lenders Formal vs. informal usage of financial products Tanintharyi Formal % Savings MFI  Myanmar Depth Tanintharyi adults have a high use of informal products with only Multiple Informal Formally % payments/remittances being largely formal (16%). Informal savings % Credit Money lenders % products only  served  and credit are both popular informal mechanism largely used. % Banked  % Formal % Savings Bank Informal credit comprises mostly current borrowing from money lenders, Other formal % (non-bank) % employers and getting goods in advance from shop/store. Informal insurance % % largely comprises community based groups or solidarity systems and funeral or Urban Informal  Credit Money lenders Informal  % Area burial societies referred to as Nar yay athin. Informal savings comprises village % Excluded % savings groups such as Su Jay or Su-mae, savings in livestock and jewellery. Formal % Payments Bank  Financial access overall (with overlaps) (%) Credit, Savings groups, jewellery, Informal % Rural  savings livestock, money lenders

Formal % Payments Bank

Banked  % Other formal Credit Savings Payments Insurance Credit, Savings groups,  %  % Male Informal % savings jewellery, money lenders  % Gender  %  % % % % % % % % % Formal  % Payments Bank Formal Informal % Credit, Savings groups,  Informal % Female  savings jewellery, money lenders Excluded %  % % % % % % % % Overview of financial access (%)         Informal Cross-use between bank products and services, other formal (non-bank) and informal products Formal (regulated) vs. informal usage of financial products (%)

Formal % Savings and Investments savings % Tanintharyi % Banked  Myanmar A significant proportion of Tanintharyi adults save mainly through % informal mechanisms (22%) compared to a higher national average of Other formal % % % % % (non-bank) % 34% overall. Tanintharyi % % %  Informal % One household % % % %  one account (%) Tanintharyi Myanmar Myanmar % At home % % Other formal Not saving % Banked Informal only Excluded Financial access  (non-bank) strand (%) Savings overall (with overlaps) (%) 19% % %  %  % %   OF TANINTHARYI % % % % % % % % % ADULTS CLAIM TO   % %     MADB MFI Cooperatives  % Tanintharyi BELONG TO INFORMAL % % % %  % % % % % Tanintharyi    %      %   % Myanmar SAVINGS GROUPS. Myanmar % % % Female Male Rural Urban Penetration levels Savings Savings other Savings Savings Do not Saving - formal product up-take (%) Tanintharyi access strand by gender (%) Tanintharyi access strand by location (%) at bank formal (non-bank) informal at home save strand (%) Borrowing and Credit Formal  % credit % % Borrowing from informal (mainly driven by money lenders) in Tanintharyi is Banked  % marginally higher at 23% compared to 22% nationally. Other formal % (non-bank) % Tanintharyi Myanmar % % % % % % Informal      % Tanintharyi Family/ %  % % % % % % Myanmar friends Not % borrowing % Credit Credit at other Credit Credit with Do not Credit at bank formal (non-bank) informal family/friends borrow strand (%) Credit overall (with overlaps) (%)

Tanintharyi % % % % %

Myanmar % Nearly two in five adults in  % % % % Tanintharyi are aware of % % % % % mobile money which is lower Tanintharyi % % % % % Mobile Aware of Registered with Used Banked and Unbanked and than the national average of Myanmar money mobile money mobile money mobile money remit via bank remit via bank nearly one in two adults. Have one Have/use two Have/use three Informal Do not use any regulated regulated products regulated products product(s) only formal/informal product product(s) Remittances and mobile money Formal % % Product depth strand (%) remittances Tanintharyi % Bank remittances – both banked and unbanked users Banked % Myanmar (over the counter) – constitute one of the two main Other formal % % % % % % % drivers of formal remittances. (non-bank)  Remittances overall Male %  % % % % Informal % (with overlaps) (%)     Female % Family/friends  % Have one Have/use two Have/use three Informal Do not use any  % Not remitting % regulated regulated products regulated products product(s) only formal/informal  product product(s)

% % %%  % Remittances through bank Tanintharyi product depth strand by gender(%) Tanintharyi Remittances through other formal (non-bank) %  % % % % Remittances through informal channels Myanmar Remittances through family/friends Remittances Do not remit strand (%) % Transactional 16 23% % Insurance and risk management Insured  % Tanintharyi Other formal % Myanmar The most common income security risks (non-bank) % encountered by Tanintharyi adults in the past % Insurance overall Informal % 12 months was major illness (33%). The main  (with overlaps) (%) Remittances Savings Insured 31% 52% coping mechanism for this risk was pawning % through others  26% 57% goods or borrowing money. % Not insured %

% % % Tanintharyi Formal insurance is largely driven by social Tanintharyi % % % % % % Myanmar security benefit while informal insurance is Myanmar 13 53 21% 55% largely driven by informal funeral funds and Insurance Credit Landscape Insured from other Insurance from Insure through Not Insurance solidarity systems. formal (non-bank) informal sources others insured strand (%) of access Product Depth Strand

The product depth strand classifies adults with their current number of different regulated (formal) products across the four main categories of credit, savings, payments (transactions and remittances), and insurance. The last two tiers are those only using informal (unregulated) products and the excluded (those that do not have/use any financial product/service).

% % % % % Tanintharyi % % % % % Myanmar

Have one Have/use two Have/use three Informal Do not use any regulated regulated products regulated products product(s) only formal/informal product product(s) Product depth strand (%)

% % % % % Male  % % % % Female

Have one Have/use two Have/use three Informal Do not use any regulated regulated products regulated products product(s) only formal/informal product product(s)

Tanintharyi product depth strand by gender(%)

Landscape of Access % Transactional 16 23% The Landscape of Access is used to illustrate the extent to which financially included individuals have/ Remittances Savings use financial products/ 31% 52% services (excluding 26% 57% those borrowing from family/friends and those who save at home/ saving in secret place). The population here Tanintharyi Myanmar 13% 53% would include those 21% 55% formally included as well Insurance Credit Landscape informally included. of access Key fi ndings

» Tanintharyi formal fi nancial access notably lags the nation at 29% compared to 48% nationally. Formal fi nancial access is driven mainly by MFI credit (11%), in line with the national average, MADB, and formal remittance channels.

» Tanintharyi has a lower than national average uptake of informal fi nancial products (43% versus 50%) largely driven by borrowing from money lenders, village savings groups and informal funeral funds/solidarity systems.

» Tanintharyi has a higher proportion of adults (31%) dependent only on informal mechanisms as compared to the national average (22%).

» Most adults only use one formal product (17%) with less using two or three regulated products (11%).

» The proportion of households with one account is at 16% for Tanintharyi which is eight percentage points lower than the national average of 24%.

» Rural adults in Tanintharyi are more formally included at 30% when compared with urban formal inclusion at 25%. Urban adults that are informally served sit at 37% while rural adults sit at 28% indicating higher urban dependency on the informal services alone. A higher excluded population is in rural areas (42%) compared to urban areas (38%).

Note to Reader: The data displayed depicts the understanding, perceptions and responses to questions of the surveyed adult population asked by well-trained enumerators. The dashboard refl ects the demand-side data on fi nancial inclusion for understanding consumer perceptions and behaviour. Disparities emerging between the FinScope fi ndings and supply-side are due to measurement differences, duplication, literacy, awareness, etc. Some of these disparities are explored for follow-up investigation in the MAP Diagnostic Report. Some graphs are not meant to be added due to multiple mention/overlaps. Some of the numbers in the graphics may add to less or more than 100% due to rounding off.