Witzenberg Municipality 2017
WITZENBERG: AT A GLANCE
1. DEMOGRAPHICS 1
2. EDUCATION 3
3. HEALTH 7
4. POVERTY 12
5. BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY 15
6. SAFETY AND SECURITY 19
7. THE ECONOMY 24
8. INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT 28
SOURCES 33
Witzenberg: At a Glance
Population Estimates, 2018; Actual households, 2016
130 607 35 976
2016
Matric Pass Rate 74.5% Gini Coefficient 0.57 Learner-Teacher Ratio 35.4 Human Development Index 0.66 Gr 12 Drop-out Rate 35.5%
2016
15 64.1% 0.0 8.9%
Percentage change between 2016 and 2017 in number of reported cases per 100 000
-4.2% -6.8% 17.7% 16.9% 17.8%
Percentage of households with access to basic services, 2016
99.3% 87.1% 94.6% 96.5% 83.3%
2016 2016
Drought 23 Unemployment Rate Financial Sustainability (Grant dependency)
36 7.0% Stagnating Economic Growth
Contribution to GDP, 2015
Wholesale and retail trade, Finance, insurance, real Agriculture, forestry and fishing catering and accommodation estate and business services
17.3% 16.9% 15.4%
1
2015 DEMOGRAPHICS
This first chapter of the SEP focusses on the people living in the Witzenberg area. A demographic perspective on a municipality allows one to observe not only simple changes in population growth, but also to look at other various developments that influence the social life of every citizen. Demographics allow to emphasise aspects of society like, e.g. gender, race, migration or life expectancy. Decisions made by politicians as well as by the administration affect at least one aspect of Demographics. Therefore, a good understanding of this area is crucial for the government’s work.
The overview of key demographic factors given in this chapter comprises of the estimates of population size, the distribution of population within age cohorts and furthermore the dependency ratio, which is of high importance to understand economic activity in the area as well as for planning welfare systems. With this short, but informative overview, the SEP tries to help the municipalities in their budgeting process by delivering precise data as a solid foundation for future decisions.
Data source: Department of Social Development, 2017
Contribution to GDP, 2015
1 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
POPULATION
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0 Breede Valley Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg 2018 179 550 273 066 104 289 176 523 130 607 2019 181 259 275 980 105 159 179 463 132 542 2020 182 941 278 791 106 013 182 372 134 444 2021 184 576 281 498 106 862 185 216 136 295 2022 186 182 284 087 107 708 187 983 138 107 2023 187 723 286 563 108 539 190 680 139 872
In 2018, Witzenberg municipal area will have an estimated population of 130 607 and after five years this population is estimated to be 139 872. This equates to an estimated growth rate in this time span of 7.0 per cent. The estimated population growth rate of Witzenberg is therefore 1.4 percentage points higher than the estimated population growth of the Cape Winelands which is 5.7 per cent. AGE COHORTS Children: Working Age: Aged: Dependency Year 0 – 14 Years 15 – 65 Years 65 + Ratio 2011 29 459 81 632 4 855 42.0
2018 32 649 91 479 6 659 42.8
2023 34 305 91 706 8 461 44.0
The above table depicts the population composition regarding age cohorts. The total population is broken down into three different groups: Age 0 - 14: children; Age 15 - 65: working age population; Age 65+: seniors. A comparison of the basis year (2011) and the estimated numbers for 2023 display a sharp rise in the aged population (aged 65+) relative to the other age cohorts but more specifically the working age cohort (15 - 65) for Witzenberg.
This is an important factor in the calculation of the dependency ratio. In Witzenberg, this ratio was 42.0 in 2011 and will increase to an estimated 44.0 in 2023. This ratio expresses the dependency of people who are part of the workforce (Age 15 - 65) and those, who are depending on them (children and seniors). A higher dependency ratio means a higher pressure on social systems and the delivery of basic services.
2 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
2
EDUCATION
Education and training improves access to employment opportunities and helps to sustain and accelerate overall development. It expands the range of options available from which a person can choose to create opportunities for a fulfilling life. Through indirect positive effects on health and life expectancy, the level of education of a population also influences its welfare. EDUCATION2 Data source: Western Cape Education Department, 2017
EDUCATION
EDUCATION2
3 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
EDUCATION2
LEARNER ENROLMENT
50 000 45 000 40 000 35 000 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg Breede Valley 2014 46 474 17 226 25 274 18 038 32 076 2015 46 988 17 499 26 129 18 181 32 466 2016 47 601 17 838 26 085 18 048 32 558
Learner enrolment in Witzenberg tapered off from 18 181 in 2015 to 18 048 in 2016. This could be attributed to a number of factors including demographics and socio-economic context. LEARNER-TEACHER RATIO
The learner-teacher ratio in Witzenberg increased from 29.3 in 2014 to 34.4 in 2015 and up to 35.4 in 2016, which could in future affect learner performance within the Witzenberg municipal area. Factors influencing the learner-teacher ratio is the ability of schools to employ more educators when needed and the ability to collect fees.
The learner – teacher ratio in Witzenberg increased from 29.3 in 2014 to GRADE 1234.4 DROP in 2015 and- upOUT to 35.4 inRATES 2016, which could in future affect learner performance within the Witzenberg municipal area. Factors The drop-out rates for learnersinfluencing within the Witzenberg learner-teacher municipal ratio areais the thatability enrolled of schools between to employ 2015 and 2016 remained unchangedmore educators at 35.5 perwhen cent. needed These and high the levels ability of drop to collect-outs are fees. influenced by a wide array of economic factors including unemployment, poverty, indigent households, high levels of households with no income or rely on less than R515 a month and teenage pregnancies. The learner – teacher ratio in Witzenberg increased from 29.3 in 2014 to 34.4 in 2015 and up to 35.4 in 2016, which could in future affect learner performance within the Witzenberg municipal area. Factors influencing the learner-teacher ratio is the ability of schools to employ more educators when needed and the ability to collect fees.
The learner – teacher ratio in Witzenberg increased from 29.3 in 2014 to 34.4 in 2015 and up to 35.4 in 2016, which could in future affect learner performance within the Witzenberg municipal area. Factors 4 2017 Socio-economic Profile:influencing Witzenberg the learner Municipality-teacher ratio is the ability of schools to employ more educators when needed and the ability to collect fees.
EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES The availability of adequate education facilities such as schools, FET colleges and schools equipped with libraries and media centres could affect academic outcomes positively.
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 Witzenberg Witzenberg Number of Schools with Libraries Total Number of Schools 2014 16 53 2015 16 53 2016 14 54
In 2016, Witzenberg had a total of 54 schools. Given the tough economic climate, schools have been reporting an increase in parents being unable to pay their school fees. However, the proportion of no-fee schools dropped from 84.9 per cent in 2015 to 83.3 per cent in 2016. This could in future further increase the drop-out rate. The number of schools equipped with libraries declined from 16 to 14 between 2015 and 2016, which could affect the overall educational outcomes within the Witzenberg area.
100,0% 90,0% 80,0% 70,0% 60,0% 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0% 10,0% 0,0% Witzenberg 2014 84,9% 2015 84,9% 2016 83,3%
5 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
EDUCATION OUTCOMES
Education remains one of the key avenues through which the state is involved in the economy. In preparing individuals for future engagements in the broader market, policy decisions and choices in the sphere of education play a critical role in determining the extent to which future economy and poverty reduction plans can be realised. This section measures the matric pass rate within the Witzenberg municipal area.
100,00% 90,00% 80,00% 70,00% 60,00% 50,00% 40,00% 30,00% 20,00% 10,00% 0,00% Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg Breede Valley 2014 83,80% 84,20% 87,20% 75,10% 82,10% 2015 86,70% 84,50% 85,60% 72,50% 82,40% 2016 86,70% 85,70% 86,90% 74,50% 84,20%
Witzenberg matric pass rate declined slightly from 75.1 per cent to 72.5 per cent between 2014 and 2015. However, the matric pass increased to 74.5 per cent in 2016, which could improve access for learners to higher education to broaden their opportunities. The matric pass rate within the Witzenberg area remains well below that of the other regions in the Cape Winelands District.
6 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
3
HEALTH
Health is another major factor contributing to the general quality of life in Witzenberg. It is therefore important to monitor the public health facilities as well as a variety of factors as diseases like HIV or TB and general topics that affect the community, like maternal health. This Socio-economic Profile provides the basic statistics concerning those issues. Since this profile HEALTH focusses on the public health facilities, private3 facilities do not appear in it. Data source: Department of Health, 2017
HEALTH
HEALTH3
7 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
HEALTH3
HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
All citizens’ right to access to healthcare services are directly affected by the number and spread of facilities within their geographical reach. South Africa’s healthcare system is geared in such a way that people have to move from primary, with a referral system, to secondary and tertiary levels.
25
20
15
10
5
0 Number of Total number Number of ART PHC Clinics - Number of Number of TB of PHC Community Community clinics/ non-fixed PHC Clinics - clinics/ facilities (Fixed Day Centres Health Centres treatment sites (mobiles/ Fixed treatment sites Clinics, CHCs satelite) and CDCs) 2014 1 0 5 6 8 17 15 2015 1 0 7 6 8 20 15 2016 1 0 7 6 8 19 15
In terms of healthcare facilities Witzenberg had 15 public healthcare (PHC) clinics in 2016, which comprises of 8 fixed PHC clinics and 6 mobile clinics as well as 1 community day care centre to serve the community. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES
Access to emergency medical services is critical for rural citizens due to rural distances between towns and health facilities being much greater than in the urban areas. Combined with the relatively lower population per square kilometre in rural areas, ambulance coverage is greater in rural areas in order to maintain adequate coverage for rural communities.
Provision of more operational ambulances can provide greater coverage of emergency medical services. Witzenberg, has 1.8 ambulances per 10 000 inhabitants in 2016 which is below the district average of 2.2 ambulances per 10 000 population.
8 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS management is crucial given its implications for
the labour force and the demand for healthcare services.
Registered patients Number of new ART HIV Transmission Rate receiving ART patients Area 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Witzenberg 3 250 4 295 5 370 775 1 058 1 194 3.2 0.0 1.9
Cape Winelands 19 615 23 172 27 162 4 595 5 195 5 097 1.7 1.7 1.5 District
Witzenberg’s total registered patients receiving ARTs is steadily rising from 2014 to 2016. Patients receiving antiretroviral treatment increased by 2 120 between 2014 and 2016. The 5 370 patients receiving antiretroviral treatment are treated in eight clinics or treatment sites. A total of 2762 registered patients received antiretroviral treatment in Cape Winelands District in 2016. Witzenberg at 5 370 patients represent 19.8 per cent of the patients receiving ART in Cape Winelands District.
The number of new antiretroviral patients increased to 1 194 in 2016 from 1 058 in 2015.
HIV transmission rate for Witzenberg shows an increase from zero per cent in 2015 to 1.9 per cent in 2016. This consequently edged higher than the District transmission rate of 1.5 per cent.
TUBERCULOSIS
1 120 1 111 1 110 1 100 1 092 1 090 2014 1 080 1 075 2015 1 070 2016 1 060 1 050 Number of TB patients
In contrast to the rising numbers of HIV/AIDS cases, Witzenberg experienced a decline in tuberculosis (TB) cases. In 2016 Witzenberg has a total of 1 092 TB patients compared to 1 111 in 2015.
9 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
CHILD HEALTH
Cape Health Indicator Witzenberg Winelands
Immunisation 64.1% 69.2%
Malnutrition 3.2 3.9
Neonatal mortality rate 13.4 5.2
Low birth weight 18.0% 14.0%
The Department of Health strongly advises mothers to protect their children from infectious diseases by getting them vaccinated from birth to when they are 12 years old. Vaccination is Cape free of charge at all health facilities.Health The DepartmentIndicator also runsWitzenberg immunisation campaigns and health workers are sent to nursery schools and crèches to immunise children. Winelands
Immunisation rate in the WitzenbergImmunisation area has declined from64.1 68 .6 per cent69.2 in 2014 to 64.1 per cent in 2016. Witzenberg malnutrition rate decreased from 3.6 in 2014 to 3.2 in 2016.
Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Malnutritionthe Witzenberg area has 3.2 shown an increase3.9 from 11.6 per 1 000 live births in 2014 to 13.4 deaths per 1 000 live births in 2016. A rise in the NMR may indicate deterioration in newNeonatal-born healthmortality outcomes, rate or it may13.4 indicate an improvement5.2 in the reporting of neonatal deaths.
The low birth weight indicator has deterioratedLow birth weight between 2014 and18.0% 2016. 14.0%
DEFINITIONS
Immunisation: The immunisation rate is calculated as the number of children immunised as a percentage of the total number of children less than one year of age. Immunisation protects both adults and children against preventable infectious diseases. Low immunisationCape rates speak Health Indicator Witzenberg to the need for parents to understand the critical importance of immunisation,Winelands as well as the need to encourage parents to have their young children immunised. Immunisation 64.1 69.2 Malnutrition: Expressed as the number of malnourished children under five years per 100 000 people. Malnutrition (either under- or over-nutrition) refers to the condition whereby an individual does not receive adequateMalnutrition amounts or receives excessive3.2 amounts of nutrients.3.9 Neonatal mortality rate: Measured as the number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age, per 1 000 live births in a given year. The first 28 days of life (neonatal period) represent the Neonatal mortality rate 13.4 5.2 most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. The Province’s target for 2019 is 6.0 per 1 000 live births. Low birth weight: Percentage of all babies born in facility that weighed less than 2 500 g. Low birth weight is associated with a range ofLow both birth short weight- and long-term consequences.18.0% 14.0%
Cape 10 2017 Socio-economic Profile: WitzenbergHealth IndicatorMunicipality Witzenberg Winelands
Immunisation 64.1 69.2
MATERNAL HEALTH
Cape Health Indicator Witzenberg Winelands
Maternal Mortality Ratio 0.0 0.1
Delivery Rate to Women 8.9% 6.6% under 18 years
Termination of Pregnancy Rate 0.0% 0.6%
Maternal mortality rate: A positive development can be observed in Witzenberg with the MMR at zero in 2016.
Births to teenage mothers: The delivery rate to women under 18 years has increased from 7.9 per cent in 2015 to 8.9 per cent in 2016.
Termination of pregnancy: The termination of pregnancy rate remains steady at zero for 2015 and 2016.
DEFINITIONS
Maternal mortality rate: Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births in health facilities. Maternal death is death occurring during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy and irrespective of the cause of death (obstetric and non-obstetric).
Births to teenage mothers: Percentage of babies born to mothers under the age of 18 years. Teenage pregnancy is almost always unplanned; as a result, when young parents are placed in a position to care for their children, life can become particularly tough, especially if they do not have family or social support. Termination of pregnancy: The percentage of terminations as a proportion of the female
population aged 15 to 44 years. Government hospitals, designated private doctors and gynaecologists, and non-profit providers offer safe and legal termination of pregnancy. To have a free abortion, the request must be made at a primary healthcare clinic, where the pregnancy will be confirmed, counselling provided, an appointment made, and a referral letter be given to a facility where the procedure can be performed.
11 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
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POVERTY
This section shows living conditions and economic circumstances of households in the Witzenberg municipal area based on most recent data including Statistics South Africa’s Non- Financial Census of Municipalities 2016 and Quantec. Economic theory suggests that when an economy prospers its households are expected to enjoy a good standard of living. On the contrary, a declining economy tends to lower the standards of living of people. This section uses indicators in terms of GDP per capita, income inequality, human development, as well as indigent households and free basic services to show the current reality of households residing in the Witzenberg municipal area. POVERTY4 The deteriorating financial health of households and individuals under the weight of economic pressures, specifically between 2011 and 2015, has resulted in an increase in the poverty levels, according to the Poverty Trends in South Africa report released by Statistics South Africa in 2017. The report cites rising unemployment levels, low commodity prices, higher consumer prices, lower investment levels, household dependency on credit, and policy uncertainty as the key contributors to the economic decline in recent times. These recent findings indicate that the country will have to reducePOVERTY poverty at a faster rate than previously planned. According to the report the categories of people vulnerable to poverty remained to be
African females, children 17 years and younger, people from rural areas, and those with no education. Inflation-adjusted poverty lines show that food poverty increased from R219 in 2006 to R531 per person per month in 2017. The lower-bound poverty line has increased from R370 in 2006 to R758 per person per month in 2017 while the upper-bound poverty line has increased from R575 in 2006 to R1 138 per person per month in 2017.
POVERTY4
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POVERTY4
GDPR PER CAPITA
An increase in real GDPR per capita, i.e. GDPR per person, is experienced only if the real economic growth rate exceeds the population growth rate. Even though real GDP per capita reflects changes in the overall well-being of the population, not everyone within an economy will earn the same amount of money as estimated by the real GDPR per capita indicator.
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000 GDPR per capita per GDPR
0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Witzenberg 35 563 35 359 38 203 43 843 43 888 44 557 45 895 46 564 47 503 49 518 48 099 47 393 Cape Winelands District 43 830 44 634 47 014 49 988 48 374 48 784 49 682 50 241 50 709 51 591 50 838 50 239 Western Cape 54 363 56 550 59 251 60 656 58 845 59 197 60 423 61 095 61 648 61 935 61 794 61 199
Source: Stats SA 2017, own calculations
At 47 393 in 2016, Witzenberg’s real GDPR per capita is well below that of the Cape Winelands District as well as the Western Cape. INCOME INEQUALITY
The National Development Plan has set a target of reducing income inequality in South Africa from a Gini coefficient of 0.7 in 2010 to 0.6 by 2030. Income inequality has increased in Witzenberg between 2010 and 2016 with the exception of 2011, when it dropped below 0.55.
0,62
0,60
0,58
0,56
0,54
0,52
0,50 Witzenberg Cape Winelands Western Cape
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Source: Global Insight, 2017
On a positive note, income inequality levels were marginally lower in Witzenberg than in the Cape Winelands District and the Western Cape.
13 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT The United Nations uses the Human Development Index (HDI)1 to assess the relative level of socio-economic development in countries. Indicators that measure human development are education, housing, access to basic services and health.
0,74
0,72
0,70
0,68
0,66
0,64
0,62
0,60
0,58 Witzenberg Cape Winelands Western Cape 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Source: Global Insight, 2017
There has been a general increase in the HDI in Witzenberg, Cape Winelands and the whole of the Western Cape between 2011 and 2015, with the exception of a drop in HDI levels for the Western Cape for 2016. INDIGENT HOUSEHOLDS The objective of the indigent policies of municipalities is to alleviate poverty in economically disadvantaged communities.
Area 2014 2015 2016
Witzenberg 2 671 4 497 4 720 Cape Winelands District 33 406 34 704 42 756 Western Cape 404 413 505 585 516 321 Source: Department of Local Government, 2017
The Witzenberg municipal area experienced an increase in the number of indigents between 2014 and 2016, implying an increased demand for indigent support and additional burden on municipal financial resources. Similarly, the number of indigent households has increased in the Cape Winelands District as well as the Western Cape.
1 The HDI is a composite indicator reflecting education levels, health, and income. It is a measure of peoples' ability to live a long and healthy life, to communicate, participate in the community and to have sufficient means to be able to afford a decent living. The HDI is represented by a number between 0 and 1, where 1 indicates a high level of human development and 0 represents no human development.
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BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa states that every citizen has the right to access to adequate housing and that the state must take reasonable legislative and other measures within its available resources to achieve the progressive realisation of this right. Access to housing also includes access to services such as potable water, basic sanitation, safe energy sources and refuse removal BASICservices, SERVICE to ensure DELIVERY that households enjoy a decent standard of living. 5
This section reflects on housing and basic services access levels (Census 2011) and the incremental progress municipalities have made hereto within the last 5 years (Community Survey 2016).
BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY
BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY5
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BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY5
HOUSEHOLDS
In order to ensure basic service delivery to all, municipal budget allocations should be informed by credible and accurate assumptions regarding the number of households within a municipal area.
Access to formal housing and services in Witzenberg is measured against a total number of households of 27 419 in 2011 and 35 976 in 2016. Witzenberg experienced a higher growth rate in the number of households from 2011 to 2016 relative to the Cape Winelands District.
Average Average Area 2011 2016 annual annual growth increase 2011 - 2016 Witzenberg 27 419 35 976 1 711 5.6%
Cape Winelands District 198 265 236 006 7 548 3.5% ACCESS TO HOUSING
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to a formal dwelling.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Witzenberg 86.2% 83.3% 6 328 1 266 4.9% Cape Winelands District 82.3% 81.0% 27 999 5 600 3.2%
The number of formal dwellings in Witzenberg increased by 6 328 between 2011 and 2016, at an average annual rate of 4.9 per cent, which translates into approximately 1 266 additional formal dwellings per year over this period. This increase in formal dwellings was however unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households, resulting in the proportion of formal households declining from 86.2 per cent in 2011 to 83.3 per cent in 2016.
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ACCESS TO WATER
Given the Western Cape’s current drought situation, great focus is currently placed on water availability and supply. This goes hand in hand with due consideration for water quality. Access to safe potable water is essential to prevent the contraction and spread of diseases and maintaining a healthy life.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to piped water inside the dwelling or yard or within 200 metres from the yard.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Witzenberg 99.5% 99.3% 8 438 1 688 5.5% Cape Winelands District 99.2% 98.6% 36 002 7 200 3.4%
Although Witzenberg experienced an annual increase of household access to piped water (to within 200 metres of the yard) of approximately 1 688 households per annum between 2011 and 2016, the proportion of households with access declined marginally over this period from 99.5 per cent in 2011 to 99.3 per cent in 2016. This again is an indication that access to piped water was unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households.
ACCESS TO SANITATION
Access to sanitation promotes health and dignity through the provision of safe disposal and treatment of human waste. Where sanitation systems are inadequate, negative health effects can be extremely serious. The current drought highlights challenges in the use of potable water within the sanitation services process.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to a flush toilet connected to the sewerage system.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Witzenberg 92.2% 96.5% 9 459 1 892 6.6% Cape Winelands District 91.5% 96.9% 47 232 9 446 4.7%
Witzenberg experienced significant progress in household access to sanitation services, as the proportion of households with access to acceptable standards of sanitation services increased from 92.2 per cent in 2011 to 96.5 per cent in 2016. The Municipality was able to provide an additional 1 892 households with access annually; access growing at an average annual rate of 6.6 per cent.
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ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
Energy is essential for human life; generally identified household uses include energy for cooking, heating and lighting. Energy sources also have usage risks; for example, health and safety risks especially in the use of paraffin and open flame usage. The information below relates to the use of electricity for lighting purposes.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to electricity as the primary source of lighting.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Witzenberg 93.4% 94.6% 8 416 1 683 5.8% Cape Winelands District 92.8% 92.6% 34 507 6 901 3.5%
The annual growth in household access to electricity of 1 683 did not keep pace with the total household growth of approximately 1 711 on average per annum. The proportion of households with access to electricity nonetheless increased from 93.4 per cent in 2011 to 94.6 per cent in 2016. ACCESS TO REFUSE REMOVAL
Refuse removal is an essential service that ensures that health related problems are kept at bay. A lack of or inadequate service is likely to result in uncontrolled and unregulated dumping. There are growing concerns around the land and environmental limitations in the creation and lifespan of landfill sites. This would benefit greatly from the ‘reduce – reuse – recycle’ approach, that firstly encourages non-wasteful consumption practices (reduce), the reuse of products where possible (reuse) and the recycling of the product where its use in current form has been exhausted (recycle).
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households who have waste removed by local authorities at least weekly.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Witzenberg 69.9% 87.1% 12 184 2 437 10.3% Cape Winelands District 79.9% 81.8% 34 548 6 910 4.0%
Household access to refuse removal services in Witzenberg has increased from 69.9 per cent in 2011 to 87.1 per cent in 2016; household access to this service increasing faster (additional 2 437 households annually) than the growth in formal households (1 266 annually), but slower than total household growth (1 711 per annum) on average over the period.
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6
SAFETY AND SECURITY
The Constitution upholds the notion that everybody has the right to freedom and security of the person. The safety of persons and property is therefore vitally important to the physical and emotional well-being of people and business. Without the respect of person and property, it would be impossible for people to live peacefully, without fear of attack and for businesses to flourish.
The extent of crime in South Africa does however not only have a significant impact on the livelihood of citizens, but alsoSAFETY affects AND the SECURITY general economy. Crime hampers growth and discourages investment and capital accumulation.6 If not addressed with seriousness, it has the potential to derail both social and economic prosperity.
People’s general impressions, as well as official statistics on safety and crime issues, mould perceptions of areas as living spaces or places in which to establish businesses. The discussion
in this section that follows is limited to the reported contact and property-related crime such as murder and sexual crimes, as well as crime heavily dependent on police action for detecting drug-relatedSAFETY crimes and driving AND under the SECURITY influence of alcohol/drugs. Note: Percentage change calculation will differ from the actuals reflected due to rounding down to per 100 000 population.
Data source: The data depicted in the following section was sourced from the 2017 Crime Statistics released by the South African Police Service (SAPS) in October 2017. Incidences of crime per 100 000 were calculated using actual crime and estimated population figures provided by SAPS. Also note that although the crime data contained in the following section is for ease of reference depicted as a single calendar year, it is in actual fact referring to criminal activity within a financial year i.e. incidences of murder for 2016 is referring to occurrences within the period April 2016 to March 2017. SAFETY AND SECURITY The information relating to fatal crashes and 6 crash fatalities were sourced from the Department of Transport and Public Works.
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SAFETY AND SECURITY6
MURDER
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Witzenberg 38 44 16.9 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 33 41 23.0 (per 100 000)
Definition: Murder is a social contact crime resulting in the loss of life of the victim, but excludes cases where the loss of life occurred as a result of a response to a crime, for example self-defence. Area 2016 2017 % Change Crime remains a prominent issue in South Africa at a high socio-economic cost. Overall, the Witzenberg country has a very high rate of murder when compared to38 most countries.44 16.9% (per 100 000) Within the Witzenberg area, theCape murder Winelands rate showed an increase of 16.9 per cent from 38 in 2016 to 44 in 2017 (per 100 000 population)District and the murder33 rate within41 the Cape23.0% Winelands District also increased by 23.0 per(per cent 100 from 000) 33 in 2016 to 41 in 2017. The murder rate remains a grave concern throughout the Cape Winelands District. SEXUAL OFFENCES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
WitzenbergArea 2016 2017 % Change 38 44 16.9% (per 100 000) Witzenberg Cape Winelands 120 142 17.8 (perDistrict 100 000) 33 41 23.0% (per 100 000) Cape Winelands District 117 111 -5.6 (per 100 000)
Definition: Sexual offences includes rape (updated to the new definition of rape to provide for Area 2016 2017 % Change the inclusion of male rape), sex work, pornography, public indecency and human trafficking.
WitzenbergArea 2016 2017 % Change The rate of sexual violence in South Africa is amongst the38 highest in the44 world. In16.9% addition, a (per 100 000) number of sexual offence incidences often go unreported (as in the case of rape). Witzenberg Cape Winelands 120 142 17.8% (per 100 000) The cases of sexual offences in theDistrict Witzenberg area increased33 by 17.841 per cent23.0% from 120 in 2016 to 142 in 2017 (per 100 Cape0(per00 population). Winelands100 000) The cases of sexual offences in the Cape District 117 111 -5.6% Winelands District area overall dropped by 5.6 per cent from 117 in 2016 to 111 in 2017 (per (per 100 000) 100 000 population).
Area 2016 2017 % Change 20 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality Witzenberg 120 142 17.8% (per 100 000)
DRUG-RELATED CRIMES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Witzenberg 2 307 2 715 17.7 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 1 395 1 624 16.5 (per 100 000)
Definition: Drug-related crimes refers to the situation where the perpetrator is found to be in possession of, under the influence of, or selling illegal drugs. This is a crime detected through police activity rather than reports by members of the public. An increase in crimes of this nature may therefore reflect an increase in police.
Drug-related crimes have a negative impact on human development by degrading the quality of life as it infiltrates all aspects of society including families, health, the work environment and the economy. Drug-related crimes within the Witzenberg area displays an increase in 2017, up by 17.7 per cent from 2 307 cases in 2016 to 2 715 cases in 2017 (per 100 000 population). The Cape Winelands District’s trend is also on an increasing trajectory, with drug-related crimes increasing by 16.5 per cent from 1 395 in 2016 to 1 624 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Witzenberg 106 99 -6.8 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 105 106 0.5 (per 100 000)
Definition: DUI refers to a situation where the driver of a vehicle is found to be over the legal blood alcohol limit. This is a crime detected through police activity rather than reports by members of the public.
Despite concerted efforts by government our roads are still considered amongst the most dangerous in the world. Reckless driving and alcohol consumption remain the top reason for road accidents.
The number of cases of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs in the Witzenberg area shows a decrease of 6.8 per cent from 106 in 2016 to 99 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). In the Cape Winelands District area, the number of cases increased marginally by 0.5 per cent from 105 in 2016 to 106 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). It is noteworthy that cases of driving under the influence is on the decline in Witzenberg.
21 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
RESIDENTIAL BURGLARIES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Witzenberg 736 693 -5.8 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 763 750 -1.8 (per 100 000)
Definition: Residential burglary is defined as the unlawful entry of a residential structure with the intent to commit a crime, usually a theft.
Given its regular occurrence and the psychological impact on victims, residential burglaries are an obstinate concern in South Africa. Residential burglary cases within the Witzenberg area decreased by 5.8 per cent from 736 in 2016 to 693 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). Residential burglaries within the Cape Winelands District also show a decline of 1.8 per cent from 763 in 2016 to 750 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). Although declining, the number of cases of residential burglary crimes remain a serious concern throughout the Cape Winelands District area. FATAL CRASHES
Area 2015 2016 % Change
Witzenberg 24 23 -4.2
Cape Winelands District 189 218 15.4
Definition: A crash occurrence that caused immediate death to a road user i.e. death upon impact, flung from the wreckage, burnt to death, etc.
In 2016, there were a total of 23 fatal crashes involving motor vehicles, motorcycles, cyclists and pedestrians within the jurisdiction of the Witzenberg Municipality, only one less incident compared to 2015. The number of fatal crashes in the broader Cape Winelands District increased by 15.4 per cent from 189 crashes in 2015 to 218 in 2016.
22 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
ROAD USER FATALITIES
Area 2015 2016 % Change
Witzenberg 28 36 28.6
Cape Winelands District 226 290 28.3
Definition: The type of road user that died in or during a crash i.e. driver, cyclist, passengers, pedestrians.
According to a recent study, the majority of road fatalities in Africa fall within the working age cohort - between the ages of 15 – 44 years – whilst three out of four fatalities were found to be male (Peden et al., 2013). The untimely death of these primary breadwinners therefore impacts directly upon not only the livelihood of family structures, but deprive society of active economic participants that contribute towards growth and development. The socio-economic impact of such road fatalities has proven to be particularly devastating in South Africa where the majority of road users hail from poor and vulnerable communities.
The previous section specified that a total of 23 fatal crashes occurred within the Witzenberg region in 2016. This gave rise to a total of 36 road users succumbing in those crashes. This is 8 more deaths than the 28 recorded in 2015 which equates to a 28.6 per cent increase in road user fatalities.
Additional, lower-level information regarding the time, location, gender, ages of above specified crashes are available from the Department of Transport and Public Works upon request.
23 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
7
THE ECONOMY
Economic activity within municipal boundaries is important as it shows the extent of human development and living standards of communities. Although municipalities have no power to increase or decrease taxes in order to stimulate economic activity, there are few levers that local government authorities have control over to contribute to economic performance, including, among others, procurement of goods and services, job creation through expanded public works programmes as well as creating an enabling environment for small businesses. THE ECONOMY The ability of households to pay for services such as water, electricity, sanitation, and refuse removal depends on income generated from 7economic activities. A slowdown in economic activity may result in job losses and inability of households to pay for services leading to reduced municipal revenues. Data on macroeconomic performance, especially the information on sectoral growth and employment, is useful for municipalities’ revenue and expenditure projections.
Most municipalities within the Western Cape are currently experiencing hydrological drought conditions where the severeTHE weather ECONOMYis affecting groundwater levels in natural springs, streams, reservoirs and dams to the extent that potable water has reached alarmingly low levels. An overview of the current economic reality facing the municipalities of the Western Cape would therefore not be complete without elaborating on the manner in which the drought impacts upon the short and medium term financial and economic sustainability of local authorities.
THE ECONOMY7
24 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
THE ECONOMY7
ECONOMIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE
The Witzenberg municipal area is one of the smallest economies in the District, contributing 13.9 per cent to the economy in terms of GDPR and 16.8 per cent to employment. Over the last five years since 2010, Witzenberg’s tertiary sectors have achieved above average growth rates in terms of GDPR and has contributed significantly to employment.
The local economy of the Witzenberg municipal area is driven by the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector (17.3 per cent), the wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation sector (16.9 per cent), the finance and business services sector (15.4 per cent) and the manufacturing sector (14.2 per cent). Combined, these sectors contribute more than R5.0 billion to the economy.
In 2014, the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector’s GDPR growth rate was 8.5 per cent; this growth rate can be attributed to a significant increase in exports in pome fruits (apples and pears) in the period due to good weather, increased production and the depreciating Rand. The sector subsequently contracted by 2.8 per cent in 2015 with a more severe contraction predicted for 2016.
Witzenberg GDPR performance per sector, 2005 - 2016
Contribution R million Trend Real GDPR growth (%) to GDPR (%) value Sector 2015 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Primary Sector 17.4 1 363.9 2.7 2.2 0.9 1.9 2.8 8.5 -2.8 -8.7 Agriculture, forestry 17.3 1 362.2 2.7 2.2 0.9 1.9 2.8 8.5 -2.8 -8.7 and fishing Mining and 0.0 1.7 4.5 7.2 7.6 5.2 7.2 11.9 4.0 -2.3 quarrying Secondary Sector 26.1 2 053.0 4.9 3.7 3.1 3.5 4.5 5.5 2.0 2.4 Manufacturing 14.2 1 119.8 3.1 2.6 2.1 2.2 2.7 4.9 1.3 1.4 Electricity, gas and 3.3 261.9 4.8 3.1 6.0 4.2 3.2 2.1 0.2 -0.8 water Construction 8.5 671.3 10.3 6.5 4.5 6.5 9.1 8.1 4.3 5.6 Tertiary Sector 56.5 4 444.0 6.2 5.6 7.4 6.1 5.8 4.8 4.1 3.8 Wholesale and retail 16.9 1 325.9 5.3 5.0 7.0 6.2 4.5 3.8 3.5 3.6 trade, catering and accommodation Transport, storage 7.0 553.2 4.2 3.9 5.7 4.2 4.2 4.6 1.0 1.3 and communication Finance, insurance, 15.4 1 210.7 8.5 7.2 8.6 7.3 7.1 6.0 6.7 5.5 real estate and business services General 10.4 814.4 5.6 5.4 7.8 5.1 6.6 5.0 2.5 3.3 government Community, social 6.9 539.9 5.6 5.1 6.6 5.7 5.6 3.8 3.7 2.9 and personal services Total Witzenberg 100 7 860.9 5.0 4.4 4.9 4.6 4.8 5.7 2.1 0.9 Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
25 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
The five-year average annual growth rates are less than the ten-year average annual growth rates across all sectors (except mining and quarrying), indicating that the economy was slow to recover from the recession. A decline in GDPR growth in 2015 and 2016 indicate that the economy is again on a downward trend. This decline can be attributed to the contraction of the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector and the decelerated growth of tertiary sectors. The main crops within the Witzenberg municipal area are apples, pears and peaches (WC Department of Agriculture, 2013) which are largely dependent on irrigation water; the lack of water due to the drought conditions are therefore contributing to the decline in output from this sector. The depreciating Rand increases input costs such as fuel and fertilisers which puts further strain on the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector. LABOUR
The sectors that contributed the most to the 63 361 jobs in the Witzenberg municipal area in 2015 were the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector (34.7 per cent) and the wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation sector (18.4 per cent). Even though the manufacturing sector contributes R1.1 billion (14.2 per cent) to the GDPR, this sector only employed 3 605 people (5.7 per cent of employment) in 2015 indicating that the manufacturing sector within the Witzenberg municipal area is less labour intensive and more dependent on mechanisation.
The agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in the Witzenberg municipal area has shed 5 684 jobs between 2005 and 2015, however, it has experienced a significant increase in agricultural jobs in 2012, 2013 and 2015, which is in line with the change in employment in this sector for the District over the same period. Employment in this sector is volatile, with job losses in 2011, 2014 and 2016. Labour needs within the agricultural, forestry and fishing sector are seasonal i.e. not permanent, which depends on the harvest each year. Changes in the number of hectares under production will also have an impact on the demand for labour. Favourable economic conditions resulting in new investment from farmers to expand their orchards and vineyards will increase the demand for labour and vice versa.
26 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
Witzenberg employment growth per sector 2005 - 2016
Contribution to employment Number Trend Employment (net change) (%) of jobs Sector 2015 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Primary Sector 34.7 22 016 -5 684 4 951 -718 1 057 946 -1 152 4 818 -225 Agriculture, forestry 34.7 22 011 -5 684 4 951 -718 1 056 948 -1 152 4 817 -225 and fishing Mining and 0.01 5 - - - 1 -2 - 1 - quarrying Secondary Sector 12.90 8 175 2 038 1 388 276 246 380 283 203 402 Manufacturing 5.7 3 605 68 200 -18 -33 176 9 66 56 Electricity, gas and 0.3 208 107 58 14 12 7 9 16 12 water Construction 6.9 4 362 1 863 1 130 280 267 197 265 121 334 Tertiary Sector 52.4 33 170 14 280 7 627 1 395 1 454 1 670 1 602 1 506 1 236 Wholesale and retail 18.4 11 654 4 772 2 574 508 551 496 472 547 440 trade, catering and accommodation Transport, storage 2.6 1 668 800 413 56 108 106 13 130 -11 and communication Finance, insurance, 9.0 5 731 2 413 1 208 261 213 249 180 305 238 real estate and business services General 10.1 6 422 2 940 1 457 384 258 259 540 16 269 government Community, social 12.1 7 695 3 355 1 975 186 324 560 397 508 300 and personal services Total Witzenberg 100 63 361 10 634 13 966 953 2 757 2 996 733 6 527 1 413 Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
Unemployment has been steadily rising in the Witzenberg municipal area over the last decade, with an unemployment rate of 6.9 per cent recorded in 2015. In 2016, the unemployment rate of the Witzenberg municipal area is estimated to have increased to 7.0 per cent, which is lower than that of the Cape Winelands District (11.6 per cent) and significantly lower than that of the Province (18.7 per cent in 2016).
Unemployment Rates for the Western Cape (%) Area 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Witzenberg 5.5 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.6 6.8 7.0 6.9 7.0
Cape Winelands District 9.6 9.0 9.2 9.2 9.8 9.8 10.1 10.7 10.6 10.9 11.2 11.6
Western Cape 16.5 15.8 15.7 15.3 15.8 16.1 16.4 17.0 16.7 17.2 17.8 18.7
Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
27 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
8
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
As Economic theory and empirical work suggest that public investment in infrastructure will boost economic growth by stimulating related private sector investments – the so-called “crowding-in effect” – as well as providing a solid foundation for social development (Swilling, 2006). In South Africa the importance of infrastructure has not only been emphasised at national level but also INFRASTRUCTUREat regional level. TheDEVELOPMENT Western Cape Government’s main infrastructure budgets and investment, both in social and economic8 infrastructure over the 2017 MTEF, includes spending by provincial government departments and public entities; as well as spending on public private partnerships.
In the Western Cape, the region needs efficient transport systems, water and sanitation, telecommunications and power supplies in order to influence the standard of living of their populations and regional economic growth. There is, thus, a pressing need to determine whether government’s strategy on infrastructure investment will yield the desired economic growth benefits at micro (i.e. project or sector level) or at national or macro level.
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT8
28 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT8
PROVINCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND Empirical evidence at a National level has shown that investment in economic infrastructure has a positive impact on economic growth. This growth however depends crucially on provincial and municipal performance. All municipalities are tasked with basic service delivery objectives in order to stimulate local economic development. Population growth and deteriorating infrastructure has continued to place strain on infrastructure budgets. The objective of this section is to determine if there is a relationship between infrastructure investment and growth in the Cape Winelands and to show the success the region has had in providing infrastructure.
West Coast R731.5 million 9% Overberg Across districts R416.0 million R2.6 billion 5% 30% Eden R1 billion 12%
Cape Winelands City of Cape Town R1.3 billion R2.4 billion Central Karoo 15% 28% R127.7 million 1%
Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
In fulfilment of Provincial Strategic Goal 1 (PSG 1: Grow the economy and create jobs), the Western Cape Government has dedicated R28.0 billion towards infrastructure development across the 2017 Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). This amount will be spent on new assets, replacements assets maintenance and repairs, upgrades and additions, rehabilitation, renovation as well as the refurbishment of existing assets (Western Cape Estimates of Provincial Revenue and Expenditure, 2017). Of this total, an amount of R26.1 billion has been set aside for physical infrastructure developments whilst R231.0 million and R1.7 billion will respectively be channelled towards broadband connectivity and public private partnerships.
The total Provincial Infrastructure budget for 2017/18 amounts to R8.6 billion which will be split amongst the various municipal districts by taking into consideration a wide array of socio-economic variables, most notably anticipated population growth trends as well as estimated economic growth potential, the latter being influenced largely by the 2014 Growth Potential Study of Towns (Donaldson et al, 2014).
For the financial year 2017/18, the City of Cape Town assumes the majority of the Western Cape’s infrastructure allocations with an estimated infrastructure spend of R2.4 billion (28 per cent of Provincial allocation). The Cape Winelands region is another notable receiver of Infrastructure funding with approximately R1.3 billion (15 per cent) allocated from the Provincial Government. As will be discussed during the course of this section, it’s the mirroring of Provincial infrastructure allocation with Municipal infrastructure budgets and plans which will truly set the Municipality and the Province on a higher growth path and improved socio-economic environment.
29 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
Provincial Infrastructure Allocations: Cape Winelands
There have been varying levels of infrastructure investments and development across the 131 towns outside the Cape Town Metropolitan areas. Some towns have solid development potential while others are declining due to a deteriorating infrastructure. Municipal infrastructure consists mainly of bulk treatment plants, pump networks, pump stations treatment works, reservoirs and distribution pipelines, electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure. In some municipalities infrastructure remains under threat whilst other municipalities have invested significantly in infrastructure provision and experience high growth rates.
Vote Cape Winelands Breede Witzenberg Drakenstein Stellenbosch Langeberg R’000 District Valley Education 23 617 5 000 15 000 21 413 25 000 Health 38 132 5269 21 181 6637 Social Development 38 960 79 764 7 767 100 200 32 150 Public Works 11 258 Roads 92 Human Settlements 181 863 72 000 86 000 91 492 81 300 331 400 CapeNature ------Total 193 213 172 709 176 033 135 440 209 550 388 550 Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
The above table presents the Western Cape Government’s Provincial allocation for infrastructure in 2017/18 across the Cape Winelands District. The Provincial expenditure on infrastructure is concentrated in Langeberg (R388.8 million). The Langeberg area largely benefit from major road upgrade projects currently underway between Ashton and Montagu. Other notable allocations to Witzenberg include Human Settlements (R39.0 million) and Health (R38.1 million). The following table lists the Top 10 2017/18 capital projects (in terms of value) that contribute to Witzenberg’s total infrastructure allocation.
2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Sector Project description R’000 R’000 R’000 Transport C751.2 PRMG TR23/3 Gouda-Kleinbergrivier 70 000 90 000 16 000 Transport C814.1 PRMG Op die Berg Phase 2 - - 70 000 Education Waveren SS 10 000 26 500 16 000 Human Settlements 3199-02 - Ceres Vredebes (454 units) IRDP 12 000 12 000 12 000 Health CI810079: Prince Alfred Hamlet - Prince Alfred 16 088 4 800 200 Hamlet Clinic - Replacement Education Boy Muller LS - 2 000 16 000 Health CI810100: Wolseley - Wolseley Clinic - 15 033 2 870 50 Replacement Education Tulbagh PS 13 617 - - Human Settlements 3199-xx - Ceres Vredebes (2 417 services) IRDP 13 000 - - Human Settlements 3209-02 - Bella Vista (268 units) IRDP 13 000 - - Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
Provincial Government infrastructure spend in Witzenberg amount to R172.7 million in 2017/18, the bulk (R72.0 million) will be directed towards road projects (economic infrastructure). The major project to be funded through this allocation include the Gouda-Kleinbergrivier project (R70.0 million in 2017/18). Next follows the Prince Alfred Hamlet Clinic Replacement (R16.1 million) and Wolseley Clinic Replacement (R15.0 million).
30 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND National and Provincial Transfers
The main sources of infrastructure funding at municipal level mostly emanate from either internal (own) revenue sources and National or Provincial Government grants. These grants are complimentary to municipal own funding and are aimed to address historical social and economic infrastructure backlogs.
The following table contains the total capital transfers and grants received by the Witzenberg Municipality from National and Provincial Government over the 2017/18 MTREF. The information depicted below was obtained from the budget schedules within the Municipality’s 2017/18 approved budget. The names of specific grants may therefore differ from their official wording.
2017/18 Medium Term Revenue Audited Outcomes Current Funding Source Year and Expenditure Framework R’000 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 National Government 59 565 33 330 19 479 23 104 35 598 39 302 51 440 Municipal infrastructure grant 19 407 18 433 18 541 19 104 22 226 23 302 24 440 Integrated national electrification - 2 000 - 4 000 - 6 000 7 000 programme (municipal) grant Regional bulk infrastructure grant 21 007 5 658 - - 13 372 10 000 20 000 MSIG 743 592 820 - - - - FMG - 113 118 - - - - EPWP 800 - - - - DWAF 5 256 73 - - - - - ACIP 3 478 ------NDEV 1 196 - - - - Rural Development 7 678 6 461 - - - - Provincial Government 13 520 14 806 32 154 1 076 27 632 - - Human Settlements Development - - - - 27 632 - - Grant Library Conditional Grant - 3 500 1 868 925 - - - MRF - - 62 151 - - - Housing 13 386 11 298 29 697 - - - - Department of Local Government ------PTIP 30 ------Sport 104 ------Municipal Infrastructure Support - - 527 - - - - Grant CDW - 8 - - - - - Other Grant Providers 701 - 6 838 1 038 - - - Total Capital Transfers and Grants 60 266 36 830 28 185 25 067 63 230 39 302 51 440 Source: Witzenberg Municipality, 2017/18 Approved Budget Schedules (SA18)
31 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
The Municipality receives support from National Government in the form of the Municipal Infrastructure Grant (MIG) which should exclusively be applied towards infrastructure for the delivery of basic services. MIG funding allocations should be applied towards upgrading and building new infrastructure or to rehabilitate existing infrastructure. The MIG allocation towards the Municipality amounted to R22.2 million in 2017/18 and will gradually increase to R24.4 million in 2019/20.
Witzenberg Municipality’s 2017/18 capital budget is funded through the National (R35.6 million) and Provincial (R27.6 million) allocations as well as internally generated funds (R2.5 million) and external borrowings (R20.9 million). The current state of the economy puts pressure on the national fiscus which may subsequently lead to a reduction in transfers and grant support towards local authorities. This scenario will not only impact upon the enhanced roll-out of municipal infrastructure projects. The Municipality should therefore strive to increase own- revenue as a percentage of its total capital budget.
The Municipality will apply the allocations received from above specified funding sources to prioritise the following projects for 2017/18:
2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Sector Project description R’000 R’000 R’000
Water Tulbagh Dam 11 730 8 772 17 544 Road Transport Vredebes Housing Roads 7 000 – – Water Vredebes Bulk Water Supply 6 769 – – Sanitation Vredebes Bulk Sanitation 6 253 1 973 – Sanitation Vredebes Housing Sanitation 6 000 – – Road Transport Vredebes Housing Stormwater 6 000 – – Water Vredebes Housing Water 6 000 – – Road Transport Rehabilitation - Streets, Tulbagh 4 200 2 000 3 000 Road Transport Vredebes Access Collector 3 130 5 000 – Other Assets Vehicle Replacement Programme 2 600 – – Source: Witzenberg Municipality, 2017/18 Approved Budget Schedules (SA36)
It is clear that the Municipality is prioritising water infrastructure, followed by roads infrastructure, sanitation and refuse. These projects all align to the Municipality’s developmental needs outlined within the 2017/18 Integrated Development Plan (IDP).
32 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
1. Demographics
Population: Department of Social Development, 2017
Age cohorts: Department of Social Development, 2017
2. Education
Learner enrolment: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Learner-teacher ratio: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Grade 12 drop-out rates: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Educational facilities: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Educational outcomes: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
3. Health
Healthcare facilities: Department of Health, 2017
Emergency medical services: Department of Health, 2017
HIV/AIDS: Department of Health, 2017
Tuberculosis: Department of Health, 2017
Child health: Department of Health, 2017
Maternal health: Department of Health, 2017
4. Poverty
GDP per capita: Statistics South Africa, 2017; own calculations
Income Inequality: IHS Global Insight, 2017
Human Development: IHS Global Insight, 2017
Indigent households: Department of Local Government, 2017
33 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality
5. Basic Services
Households: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to housing: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to water: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to electricity: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to sanitation: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to refuse removal: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
6. Safety and Security
Murder: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Sexual offences: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Drug-related crimes: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Driving under the influence: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Residential burglaries: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Fatal crashes: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2017
Road user fatalities: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2017
7. Economy
Sector Performance: Quantec Research, 2017
Labour: Quantec Research, 2017
8. Infrastructure Development
Provincial Infrastructure Spend: Provincial Treasury, 2017
Municipal Infrastructure Spend: Municipal Budget Schedules (SA18 & SA36)
34 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Witzenberg Municipality