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Based Dog Training Programs on Prison Misconduct, Post-Release Employment and Recidivism Leslie Brooke Hill

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Based Dog Training Programs on Prison Misconduct, Post-Release Employment and Recidivism Leslie Brooke Hill Florida State University Libraries 2016 Becoming the Person Your Dog Thinks You Are: An Assessment of Florida Prison- Based Dog Training Programs on Prison Misconduct, Post-Release Employment and Recidivism Leslie Brooke Hill Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE BECOMING THE PERSON YOUR DOG THINKS YOU ARE: AN ASSESSMENT OF FLORIDA PRISON-BASED DOG TRAINING PROGRAMS ON PRISON MISCONDUCT, POST-RELEASE EMPLOYMENT AND RECIDIVISM By LESLIE BROOKE HILL A Dissertation submitted to the College of Criminology and Criminal Justice in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2016 Leslie Hill defended this dissertation on April 12, 2016. The members of the supervisory committee were: William Bales Professor Directing Dissertation Stephen Tripodi University Representative Daniel Maier-Katkin Committee Member Sonja Siennick Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii For my parents, Susan and Stephen Hill. Thank you for my education and your unwavering support throughout my educational endeavors. You two are an inspiration for me every day. I know Papa, NooNoo, Fifi and Smoky are so proud of the unbelievably wonderful parents you are. Merci beaucoup, je t’aime. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Bill Bales for his never-ending help throughout the dissertation process. You were always available during my “data emergencies” and you always had the solution. I would also like to thank the Florida Department of Corrections for giving me access to such a comprehensive and thorough data set, without which I would not have been able to study this topic. Lastly, I would like to thank my husband, Robert Ubieta and my best friend, Erika Benson for putting up with me throughout this process, even when I was “a nightmare.” iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vi Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1 CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE .........................................................................21 CHAPTER 3 DATA AND METHODS ........................................................................................53 CHAPTER 4 FINDINGS ON THE EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION IN A DOG TRAINING PROGRAM ON PRISON MISCONDUCT ..................................................................................77 CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS ON THE EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION IN A DOG TRAINING PROGRAM ON POST-RELEASE EMPLOYMENT...................................................................89 CHAPTER 6 FINDINGS ON THE EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION IN A DOG TRAINING PROGRAM ON POST-RELEASE RECIDIVISM .......................................................................94 CHAPTER 7 DISCUSSION, LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSION........................................124 APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................139 A. PRISON MISCONDUCT ADDITIONAL TABLES .............................................................139 B. POST-RELEASE RECIDIVISM ADDITIONAL TABLES ..................................................142 C. IRB APPROVAL ....................................................................................................................163 References ....................................................................................................................................164 Biographical Sketch .....................................................................................................................174 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Qualitative Studies of Prison Animal Programs ..............................................................42 Table 2: Empirical Studies of Prison Animal Programs ...............................................................44 Table 3: Description of Control Variables ....................................................................................63 Table 4: Florida Inmate Dog Training Programs by Facility, Program Type and Affiliate. .........66 Table 5: T-test, Means, and Frequencies of Dependent Variables and Control Variables Among Dog Training Program Participants and Comparison Group ........................................................74 Table 6: Table 6: Descriptive Statistics for Exposure to the Dog Training Program (n=414). .....76 Table 7: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Disciplinary Infractions in Prison: OLS Regression Model. ....................................................................................................78 Table 8: Means Before and After Matching for All Control Variables for Participation in a Dog Training Program on Prison Misconduct (5:1 Matching, Nearest Neighbor with Replacement). 80 Table 9: Coefficients and Average Treatment Effect for Participation in a Dog Training Program on Prison Misconduct (5:1 Nearest Neighbor Matching with Replacement). ...............................81 Table 10: Summary of the Effect of Type of Exposure to a Dog Training Program on Disciplinary Infractions: OLS Regression Models (Control Variables Not Displayed) ................84 Table 11: Means Before and After Matching for All Control Variables for Participation in a Dog Training Program on Prison Misconduct (5:1 Nearest Neighbor Matching with Replacement). .85 Table 12: Coefficient and Average Treatment Effect of Long Duration in a Dog Training Program on Prison Misonduct (5:1 Nearest Neighbor Matching with Replacement). ..................87 Table 13: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Post-Release Employment: Logistic Regression Model. ...........................................................................................................90 Table 14: Summary of the Effect of Type of Exposure to a Dog Training Program on Post Release Employment: Logistic Regression Models (Control Variables Not Displayed). .............92 Table 15: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Re-Arrest for Any Reason (Within 1 Year): Logistic Regression Model.................................................................................95 Table 16: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Re-Arrest for a New Crime (Within 1 Year): Logistic Regression Model.................................................................................97 vi Table 17: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Re-Arrest for a New Felony Crime (Within 1 Year): Logistic Regression Model. .....................................................................99 Table 18: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Reconviction for a New Felony Crime (Within 1 Year): Logistic Regression Model. .....................................................101 Table 19: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Re-Imprisonment for Any Reason (Within 1 Year): Logistic Regression Model. .................................................................103 Table 20: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Re-Imprisonment for Any Reason (Within 2 Years): Logistic Regression Model. ..............................................................105 Table 21: Means Before and After Matching for All Control Variables for Participation in a Dog Training Program on Recidivism Outcomes (5:1 Nearest Neighbor Matching with Replacement). ..............................................................................................................................107 Table 22: Coefficients for the Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Recidivism Outcomes (5:1 Nearest Neighbor Matching with Replacement). ................................................109 Table 23: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Timing to Re-Arrest for Any Reason: Survival Analysis Model (n=166,866). ..........................................................................110 Table 24: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Timing to Re-Arrest for a New Crime: Survival Analysis Model (n=166,866). ...................................................................111 Table 25: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Timing to Re-Arrest for a New Felony Crime: Survival Analysis Model (n=166,866) ........................................................113 Table 26: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Timing to Reconviction for a New Felony Crime: Survival Analysis Model (n=166,866). .......................................................114 Table 27: The Effect of Participation in a Dog Training Program on Re-Imprisonment for Any Reason: Survival Analysis Model (n=166,866). ..........................................................................115 Table 28: Summary of the Effect of Exposure to a Dog Training Program on Recidivism Outcomes: Logistic Regression Models (Control Variables Not Displayed) ..............................118 Table 29: Means Before and After Matching
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