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© in This Web Service Cambridge University Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05527-8 - The Punic Mediterranean: Identities and Identification from Phoenician Settlement to Roman Rule Edited by Josephine Crawley Quinn and Nicholas C. Vella Index More information Index Abdera, 235–8, 242 Arados, 285–6 Abela, G. F., 26–7 archaeological evidence, 181, 199, 207, 213, access pits, 158–9, 166 257, 264, 268, 276, 279 acculturation, 97, 104, 165, 288, 296 Archaic period, 60, 116–17, 260, 289 afterlife, 74, 163 architecture, 60, 150, 154, 168 Agathocles, 176, 223, 292 houses, 124, 129, 145, 215–16, 248, 252–3, Agenor, 295–6 271, 303 Agnelli, Gianni, 25 courtyard houses, 248 agriculture, 71, 205, 251–3, 263, 269–75, 279 see also funerary architecture Alboran Sea, 217 Argos, 286, 295, 299 Albufereta, 250 Arharbi, R., 206, 213 Alcúdia d’Elx, 250 Aristotle, 16, 46 Alexander, 283–9, 291, 295, 302 armies, 16, 169, 176, 283 conquests, 284–7, 297 Arrian, 285–8, 291 as liberator, 284, 286 Arsa, 225–31 Alexandropoulos, J., 197–8, 235, 238 art historians, 25, 29–30, 32 Alfaro Asins, C., 217, 225, 228, 235–40 ashlars, 123, 126, 128 Algeria, 48–9, 72, 183, 196, 200, 203, 205, 238 Asido, 221, 225–30, 233, 237, 240 Alicante, 191, 245, 247 assimilation, 55, 97, 101, 233 alliances, 63–4, 157, 181 Assyrians, 31–2, 282 Almería, 225, 247–9 Astarte, 29, 131, 207 Alonai, 247 Athenians, 17, 284 alphabet, 37, 45, 219, 221, 225–7, 236, 283, 288, Atlantis, 57 295 Automalax, 173 altars, 171–2, 176–7, 233 Avienus, 222 of the Philaeni, 169–79 Azemmour, 204 Althiburos, 161, 183 Amathus, 32–4 Baal Hammon, 130, 218, 229–31, 233 ambassadors, 179 Babylon, 286 amber, 205, 209 Bailo, 221, 225–33, 237 amphorae, 86, 90, 141–98, 206–8, 212 Balearic Islands, 180, 183, 189–90, 195–6, 200, Carthaginian, 183, 196–8 205, 228, 236 see also individual names Dressel 1, 189, 195 Balleia, 235 Ibizan, 188–90, 196, 256 Banasa, 212–13, 217–18 Maña, 184–8, 192–3, 196 barbarians, 17–20, 263, 288, 292 Punic, 184, 268, 274 Barreca, F., 259 Rhodian, 194, 198 bathtubs, 124–5 table, 142 BʿBʿL, 225, 230, 233, 237 transport, 84, 133 see also ceramics Beirut, Hellenistic, 296 amulets, 37, 61, 73 Belgium, 3, 120 Andalusia, 2, 24, 87, 192, 197, 209, 217, 236, 241 beliefs, 48, 74, 156–7, 162–4, 266–7, 281, 296 animal bones, 117 benches, 125, 152–3, 158, 162, 248 antiquarians, 25–30, 39 Bes, 38–9, 99–101 364 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05527-8 - The Punic Mediterranean: Identities and Identification from Phoenician Settlement to Roman Rule Edited by Josephine Crawley Quinn and Nicholas C. Vella Index More information Index 365 bilingual inscriptions/legends, 228, 236–7, 241 Canadian excavations, 110, 119 Bir El Knissia, 107, 110 Cap Achakar, 208–9 Bir Ftouha, 110 Cap Bon, 126, 159, 162 Bir Massouda, 76, 82, 106, 110, 117, 120–31 Carissa, 232 Bisi, A. M., 39, 141 Carmo, 232, 235, 239 Blanco, J. M., 225 Cartagena, 197, 207, 228 Blasto-Phoenicians, 223 Carteia, 205, 238, 240 Blázquez, C, 237 Carthage, 1–7, 61–8, 76–130, 180–4, 195–202, Bondì, S. F., 4–8 255–63, 289–93, 299–304 bones, 26, 72, 153–61 circular harbour, 106–7, 110, 123, 126 cremated, 153 coinage, 88–90, 196–8, 217, 231, 234 Bourdieu, P., 244, 255, 280 destruction, 14, 36, 172, 176, 196, 202 bowls, 30–4, 36–41, 164–6, 195 foundation, 142, 148 black-glaze, 135 foundation myth, 85, 117, 146, 178 carinated, 164 hegemony, 6, 11–12, 59, 67–8, 166–8, 182, cone-shaped, 164 257, 260, 301–2 handmade, 164 Magon quarter, 127–9 metal, 30–41 as special city, 142–6 see also ceramics. topography British excavations, 119 of early Punic city, 118–22 British Museum, 30–4, 107 urban expansion of middle Punic city, British School at Rome, 3, 7, 24, 42, 69, 299 122–6 see also coinage. Bronze Age, 40, 60, 209, 251, 275, 277–9 Carthageland theme park, 50 Bulla Regia, 184–7, 195, 198 Carthaginian colonies, 203, 210, 224, 245 bulls, 229–33, 240–2, 249 Carthaginian conquests, 65, 259–61, 264, 276 man-headed, 84, 96 Carthaginian homeland, 80, 84, 98 Bunnens, G., 13, 21, 69 Carthaginian influences,180,182,200,246,262 burial, 71, 74, 87, 152, 159–61, 209, 250 Carthaginian necropoleis, 133, 140 chambers, 150–4, 261 Carthaginians, 12–22, 80–2, 96–7, 127–9, children, 72, 140, 160 169–79, 223, 290–3 goods, see grave goods. Carthago Nova, 197, 222, 246 inhumation, 6, 72, 115, 150–3, 159–60, casemate walls, 120, 126 209–11, 261 Castillo de Doña Blanca, 143–4, 252 lateral extended position, 152–3 Catalonia, 180, 191 lateral flexed position, 160, 166 Cato, 20, 178 methods, 150, 160 cauldrons, 30 practices, see funerary practices Celts, 37, 223 Byblos, 24, 29, 284–6 cemeteries; see necropoleis. Byrsa, 71, 106–7, 110, 120–3, 126, 145, 156 ceramics, 76, 88, 164–5, 197, 206, 209, 212–13, Byzacium, 148–9, 153, 156–7, 161 217, 241, 268, 281 necropoleis, 148, 153, 161 askos, 135–41 Attic pottery, 183, 212 Cabezo Lucero, 250, 253 black-figure, 136 Cabiria,1–2, 300 black-glazed, 86, 133, 135–67, 183, 190, 195 Cádiz, 66, 70–1, 143–4, 210–11, 217–19, 222, Carthaginian, 137, 140 225, 234 casseroles, 139 caduceus, 94, 229, 242 Castulo (stemless) cups, 134 Cagliari, 51, 70, 130 closed-form vessels, 73, 164 Campania, 84–7, 207 Euboean skyphos, 132–3 Campanians, 77, 242 geometric vessels, 132 Campidano, 65, 275, 277 Greek, 64, 135, 289 Camps, G., 159–61, 164, 215 handmade, 163–6, 208–9 Canaanites, 7, 60 bowls, 164 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05527-8 - The Punic Mediterranean: Identities and Identification from Phoenician Settlement to Roman Rule Edited by Josephine Crawley Quinn and Nicholas C. Vella Index More information 366 Index ceramics (cont.) coinage, 76–90, 92–107, 196–8, 219–21, gutti, 135, 183 224–41, 303 jugs, 165 bronze, 82, 87, 90, 97, 100, 103, 226, 230–2, plates, 164–5 234 Iberian, 190–2, 254 Carthaginian, 88–90, 196–8, 217, 231, Ibizan, 190 234 imitative, 166, 205, 213 Ebusitan, 99–101, 237 imported, 184, 274–6 electrum, 82 jugs, 165, 189 of Gades, 229, 237 single-handled, 190 gold, 81, 97, 235 kalathoi, 191, 196 Greek, 77, 228 kotylai, 131–7 hoards, 105, 107, 182, 235 kraters, 135–6 imitative, 84, 99–101, 166, 205, 213, 231 lekanides, 135 of Lascuta, 228, 240 lekythoi, 135–6, 166 legends, 76, 81, 103–5, 221, 224–9, 236–7, Megarian bowls, 195 240–2 oenochoai, 150, 183, 189–91 bilingual, 228, 236, 241 red-and-black painted ware, 137–8 Greek, 26–8 skyphoi, 131–7 neo-Punic, 224–8, 234–41 stemless cups, 134 Punic, 225, 236, 240 tablewares, 196, 301 Libyphoenician, 219–21, 224–8, 233–6, unguentaria, 73, 211 239–41 urns, 26, 141, 153–4, 161, 189, 248 litrai,84–7 two-handled, 189 Numidian, 182 vases, 30, 156, 189, 209–10, 217 overstrikes, 77, 82, 303 vessels, 32, 156, 163–4, 189, 194, 196, prancing horse, 82–8, 96–8, 104 255 Punic, 76–95, 99, 103–4, 108–10, 238, 241, closed-form, 73, 164 303 wheel-turned, 166 bronze, 79–95, 108–10 see also amphorae, Punic ceramic repertoire. in non-Punic environments, 99–102 cereals, 65, 251, 262, 269 regional types, 85–8, 92, 96–7, 103–4 Cerro de S. Lorenzo, 206 Roman, 101, 231, 235 Cerveteri, 31–2 of Sicily, 80, 97, 105 Ceuta, 217 silver, 77–81, 84, 96–7, 234 Charon of Lampsakos, 174 supra-regional types, 4, 80, 86–90, 96–8, 103 Chaves, F., 226, 235–8 tetradrachms, 80–2, 87, 97, 103, 303 Chemtou, 160–1, 164, 199 use in non-economic contexts, 98–102 Cherchell, 183, 197 weight standards, Attic, 80–1 children, 72, 209–10, 285, 291–3, 302 Collo, 166, 198 burials, 72, 140, 160 colonialism, modern, 202, 264, 300 child sacrifices, 1, 43, 46 see also infants colonies, 143, 148, 211–12, 218, 221, 245, 247, Choay, F., 26 289, 291–3 Ciasca, A., 63 Carthaginian, 203, 210, 224, 245 Cicero, 13, 23 Greek, 198, 245, 282 Cintas, P., 144, 192, 204 Phoenician, 61, 145–6, 149–50, 159, 211, cippus, 233 225, 247 Círculo de l’Estrecho, 204–7 Portuguese, 217–18 Cirta, 158, 161, 194, 198, 238 colonists, 61, 98, 205, 224, 233, 259, 293 cities, 118–27, 142–3, 174–9, 210–11, 214–17, commercial routes, 62, 199 286–9, 291–5, 302–4 common language, 29, 68, 296 citizenship, 173, 241 communities, 16, 44, 47–8, 162–3, 224, 239–42, civic ethnics, 15–16, 241 250, 275–7, 279–81 Classicism, 45–6, 56, 299 Greek, 97, 132, 291 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05527-8 - The Punic Mediterranean: Identities and Identification from Phoenician Settlement to Roman Rule Edited by Josephine Crawley Quinn and Nicholas C. Vella Index More information Index 367 local, 56–7, 241, 254, 257, 280–1 decontextualization, 24–5, 32, 39 Punic, 98, 104, 220 decoration, 30, 129, 190 conflicts, 21, 81–2, 97, 104, 176, 181, 183, 296, geometric, 191–2 300 decumanus maximus, 106, 110, 119–30 conquests, 103, 108, 264–7, 288, 291, 297 Delos, 130, 198, 295 by Alexander, 283–5 Delphi, 294 Carthaginian, 65, 259–61, 264, 276 Demeter, 65, 234, 277, 281 Roman, 65, 87, 108–9, 221, 241, 247, 257, 304 destruction, 81, 108–9, 146, 204, 261, 271, 279 Constantine; see also Cirta, 158, 195, 198 diadems, 229–31 Contenau, G., 35 diaspora, 61, 290 continuity, 60, 86–7, 98–9, 104, 209–11, 217, African, 240 271, 279, 283–90 Punic, 219 of settlement, 208, 276 dictionaries, 2, 69 cooking pots, 73, 138–9, 164 differentiation, 59–61, 242 corn ears, 97, 229–34, 240–2 cultural, 267 cornucopia, 229, 233 social, 213 crabs, 84–6, 96, 98, 102 Diodorus, 17, 45, 64, 174, 178, 223, 262–3, 285, cremation, 6, 72–4, 115, 150–3, 210–11, 288, 292–3 248–50, 253 Dionysios I of Syracuse, 97–8, 104 crescent moon, 229–31 Diotimos of Sidon, 294–6 crescents, 229–33, 240 disenfranchisement,
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