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Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration, Second Edition Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration, Second Edition John C. Norcross Marvin R. Goldfried, Editors OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS HANDBOOK OF PSYCHOTHERAPY INTEGRATION OXFORD SERIES IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Editorial Board Larry E. Beutler Bruce Bongar Gerald P. Koocher John C. Norcross Comprehensive Textbook of Psychotherapy: Theory and Practice edited by Bruce Bongar and Larry E. Beutler Clinical Personality Assessment: Practical Approaches, Second Edition edited by James N. Butcher Ethics in Psychology, Second Edition by Gerald P. Koocher and Patricia Keith-Spiegel Oxford Textbook of Psychopathology edited by Theodore Millon, Paul H. Blaney, and Roger D. Davis Child and Adolescent Psychological Disorders: A Comprehensive Textbook edited by Sandra D. Netherton, Deborah Holmes, and C. Eugene Walker Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration, Second Edition edited by John C. Norcross and Marvin R. Goldfried Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration Second Edition Edited by John C. Norcross Marvin R. Goldfried 1 2005 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright 2003, 2005 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com First edition published in 1992 by Basic Books Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of psychotherapy integration / John C. Norcross, Marvin R. Goldfried, editors.—2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13 978-0-19-516579-1 ISBN 0-19-516579-9 1. Eclectic psychotherapy. I. Norcross, John C., 1957– II. Goldfried, Marvin R. RC489.E24H36 2005 616.89′14—dc22 2004006513 987654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Preface From its beginnings, psychotherapy integration ment was small and concentrated in the United has been characterized by a dissatisfaction with States. single-school approaches and the concomitant In 2005, psychotherapy integration has en- desire to look beyond school boundaries to see tered young adulthood, no longer an immature what can be learned—and how patients can or novel approach to clinical work. Eclecti- benefit—from other forms of behavior change. cism—or the increasingly favored term, integra- Improving the efficacy, efficiency, and applica- tion—is now well established as the modal ori- bility of psychotherapy is the raison d’eˆtre of entation of psychotherapists, and this book is integration. now only one of many volumes on the subject. The 13 years between publication of the Literally hundreds of books around the globe original edition of the Handbook of Psychother- are now published with the term integrative in apy Integration and this second edition was their titles. Empirical evidence attesting to the marked by memorable growth in psychother- effectiveness of integrative psychotherapies is apy integration. In 1992, psychotherapy inte- growing. Integration has grown into a mature gration was relatively new and novel, just en- and international movement. tering its pre-teen years. Integration had only For these and related reasons, the original recently crystallized into a formal movement. edition of the Handbook of Psychotherapy Inte- Our original Handbook was the first compila- gration became dated and incomplete. It was tion of the major integrative approaches and time for a new edition. was hailed by one reviewer as “the bible of the integration movement.” Few empirical studies OUR AIM had yet been conducted on the comparative effectiveness of integrative or eclectic approaches What has not materially changed is the purpose to psychotherapy. The formal integration move- of our book. The aim of this second edition vi Preface continues to be a state-of-the-art, comprehen- Psychotherapy Integration (SEPI). Within the sive description of psychotherapy integration constraints of a printed volume, we have tried and its clinical practices by some of the leading to share some of that excitement by including proponents. Along with these integrative ap- an actual dialogue on psychotherapy integra- proaches, we feature the concepts, history, tion between Paul Wachtel and Marvin Gold- training, research, and future of psychotherapy fried. integration as well. The Handbook is divided into five substan- The intended audiences are practitioners, tive parts. Part I presents the concepts (Nor- students, and researchers. Psychotherapists of cross) and history (Goldfried, Pachankis, & all persuasions and professions will be attracted Bell) of psychotherapy integration. Part II fea- to these premier integrative psychotherapies tures exemplars of each of the movement’s four and integrative treatments. The first edition of predominant thrusts: common factors (Beitman, the Handbook was widely adopted for courses Soth, & Bumby; Miller, Duncan, & Hubble); and seminars on psychotherapy integration, technical eclecticism (Lazarus; Beutler, Con- and we anticipate that the second edition will soli, & Lane); theoretical integration (Prochaska again serve this purpose. The contributors’ & DiClemente; Wachtel, Kruk, & McKinney; use of the chapter guidelines (see below) and Ryle); and assimilative integration (Stricker & our addition of a summary outline (next sec- Gold; Castonguay, Newman, Borkovec, Holt- tion) will facilitate a systematic and compar- forth, & Maramba). Part III presents integrative ative analysis of the integrative approaches. psychotherapies for specific disorders and pop- We worked hard to maintain the delicate bal- ulations—anxiety (Wolfe), chronic depression ance between authors’ individual preferences (McCullough), borderline personality disorder and readers’ desire for uniformity in chapter (Heard & Linehan), and culturally diverse cli- content and format. And researchers will find ents (Ivey & Brooks-Harris). Part IV features that each chapter summarizes the empirical integrative treatment modalities, specifically, dif- evidence associated with that particular ap- ferential therapeutics (Clarkin), combining ther- proach. apy formats (Feldman & Feldman), integrative problem-centered therapy (Pinsof), integrat- ing spirituality into psychotherapy (Sollod), CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION and blending pharmacotherapy and psycho- therapy (Beitman & Saveanu). Part V con- The contents of this second edition reflect cludes the volume by addressing clinical train- both the evolution of psychotherapy integra- ing (Norcross & Halgin), outcome research tion and the continuation of our original goals. (Schottenbauer, Glass, & Arnkoff), and future We have deleted several dated chapters that ap- directions (Eubanks-Carter, Burchell, & Gold- peared in the original edition, and all remain- fried) in integration. ing chapters have been revised and updated. No single volume—even a hefty one like We added new chapters on outcome-informed this—can canvass all important topics or clini- clinical work, cognitive-analytic therapy, cogni- cal situations. One regrettable gap in our cov- tive-behavioral analysis system of psychother- erage is the absence of a chapter on integrative apy, integrative psychotherapy with culturally therapy with children and adolescents. We could diverse clients, integrative problem-centered not readily identify a conceptually advanced therapy, and blending spirituality with psycho- and empirically supported integrative therapy therapy. An entirely new section (with two for children. Moreover, space considerations re- chapters) features assimilative integration. We stricted us to four examples of integrative thera- have also tried to convey more about the pro- pies for specific disorders and populations. In cess of integrative dialogue itself—the lively making the precarious choices of which mate- and dynamic exchanges that often occur in in- rial would receive coverage and which would tegrative meetings, particularly the annual con- be passed over, we opted to keep the book clin- ferences of the Society for the Exploration of ically useful and student accessible. Preface vii CHAPTER GUIDELINES Applicability and Structure Aim: To describe those situations and patients Contributors to Part II (Integrative Psychother- for which the approach are particularly apy Models) and Part III (Integrative Psycho- relevant. therapies for Specific Disorders and Popula- • For which types of patients (e.g., diagnos- tions) were asked to address a list of central tic types, client characteristics) is the ap- topics in their chapters. Chapter guidelines proach relevant? were designed to facilitate comparative analy- • For which types of patients is the ap- ses and to ensure comprehensiveness. As ex- proach not appropriate or of uncertain pected, the authors did not always use the sug- relevance? gested headings; all of the requested topics • For what situations (e.g., clinical settings, were addressed in the respective
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