TAES 143: 453-472 RESEARCH ARTICLE ISSO 0002-8320 http://taes.entomology-aes.org/

An annotated catalog of the Iranian (: Chalcidoidea) HASSAN GHAHARI1 and MIKDAT DOĞANLAR2

1- Department of Plant Protection, Yadegar-e- Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] (Corresponding author)

2- Biological Control Research Station, Adana, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The fauna of Iranian Torymidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) is summarized in this paper. In total 80 species from 2 subfamilies Megastigminae (10 species within 2 genera), and Toryminae (70 species within 16 genera) are listed as the fauna of Iran. Distribution and host data of species are given. Key words: Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Torymidae, catalog, Iran

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS

The family Torymidae (Hymenoptera, The published data on distribution of the Chalcidoidea) is distributed worldwide and Torymidae in Iran are summarized by province. contains 1100 valid species within 67 genera and Subfamilies, tribes, genera and species are listed two subfamilies, Megastigminae and Toryminae alphabetically. The following data are included in (Noyes 2016). Members of this family are both the catalogue for each species: (1) valid name, (2) entomophagous (parasitoids of gall makers) and junior synonym(s) used in literature about Iran, (3) phytophagous and include wide range of hosts published Iranian records synthetized by province (Grissell 1995). The subfamily Megastigminae (classified by alphabetical order of Iranian province comprises primarily phytophagous species which names) and the relevant references (classified by are associated with seeds of coniferous trees and chronological order), (4) about the new country rosaceous plants (Roques and Skrzypczynska records, number of species, (5) host records in Iran, 2003). Toryminae includes entomophagous species, (6) synthetical information on general distribution especially on gall forming Hymenoptera and on a world scale. When accurate data about local Diptera (Grissell 1995). Because of characteristic distribution in Iran are lacking in a quoted reference, morphology (long ovipositor) of torymids, they are the mention “Iran (no locality cited)” is used. successful for biological control of which Classification, nomenclature and distribution data of have sheltered habitat (e.g. xylophagus beetles) suggested by Noyes (2016) have been followed. The (Lotfalizadeh 2012). Iranian provinces are shown in Figure 1. The Iranian fauna of the Torymidae has been poorly studied. The first checklist of the torymids RESULTS fauna of Iran was prepared by Modarres Awal (1997) with 5 species from 3 genera. Stojanova and Ghahari Species diversity of Iranian Torymidae is (2009), and Fallahzadeh et al. (2009) listed 36 and 41 represented in this catalogue by 80 species from species, respectively. After the mentioned checklists, 18 genera, Adontomerus Nikol’skaya (4 species), several contributions comprise new data have been Bootanomyia Girault (5), Cryptopristus Förster (1), published (see references). The aim of this paper is Ecdamua Walker (1), Eridontomerus Crawford (2), cataloging of all the data on Iranian Torymidae. Exopristoides Bouček (1), Exopristus Ruschka (1),

Publication date: 19 May 2017 454 Iranian Torymidae

Figure 1: Map of Iran with boundaries of provinces.

Glyphomerus Förster (5), Idiomacromerus Crawford Family Torymidae Walker, 1833 (6), Megastigmus Dalman (5), Microdontomerus Crawford (2), Westwood (6), Subfamily Megastigminae Thomson, 1876 Oopristus Steffan (1), Podagrion Spinola (5), Podagrionella Girault (4), Pseudotorymus Masi Genus Bootanomyia Girault, 1915 (12), Torymoides Walker (3), and Torymus Dalman (16). Four species, Glyphomerus tibialis Förster, Bootanomyia almusiensis (Doğanlar, 1989) 1856, Monodontomerus minor (Ratzeburg, 1848), Torymus affinis (Fonscolombe, 1832), and Torymus Megastigmus almusiensis Doğanlar, 1989. cultriventris Ratzeburg, 1844 (all Toryminae) are new records for the fauna of Iran. The list of species Distribution in Iran — Iran (no locality cited) is given below alphabetically with distribution data. (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as Megastigmus GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 455

almusiensis Doğanlar, 1989). Bootanomyia dumicola (Boucek, 1982) General distribution — Iran, Turkey. Megastigmus dumicola Bouček, 1982. Bootanomyia dorsalis (Fabricius, 1798) Distribution in Iran — Kermanshah (Nazemi- Megastigmus dorsalis (Fabricius, 1798). Rafie et al. 2007, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as Megastigmus dumicola Bouček, 1982). Distribution in Iran — Fars, Khuzestan General distribution — France, Iran, Spain. (Golestaneh et al. 2008 as Megastigmus dorsalis Comments — Parasitoid of Andricus cecconii (Fabricius, 1798)), Kermanshah (Nazemi-Rafie et (Cynipidae) on Quercus brantii (Fagaceae) (Nazemi- al. 2007, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as M. dorsalis), Rafie et al. 2007 asM. dumicola). Kordestan (Nazemi-Rafie et al. 2007, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as M. dorsalis, Nazemi Rafie and Bootanomyia stigmatizans (Fabricius, 1798) Lotfalizadeh 2012), Lorestan (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Azizkhani et al. 2005, 2008, Stojanova Megastigmus stigmatizans (Fabricius, 1798). and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as M. dorsalis), West Azarbaijan (Zargaran et al. 2008, Distribution in Iran — Kermanshah, Kordestan Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. (Nazemi-Rafie et al. 2007, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 2009), Iran (no locality cited) (Tavakoli et al. 2010 as Megastigmus stigmatizans (Fabricius, 1798)), as M. dorsalis). Lorestan (Azizkhani et al. 2005, 2008, Stojanova General distribution — Andorra, Austria, and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as M. Belgium, Bosnia Hercegovina, Bulgaria, China, stigmatizans), Iran (no locality cited) (Tavakoli et al. Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Europe, 2010 as M. stigmatizans). Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, General distribution — Austria, Bosnia Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Macedonia, Moldova, Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, England, Europe, France, Germany, Greece, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Morocco, Portugal, Romania, former USSR (European). Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Comments — Parasitoid of Andricus cecconii Turkey, Ukraine, former USSR. Kieffer, 1901, A. grossulariae Giraud 1859, A. Comments — Parasitoid of Andricus megalucidus (Melika, Stone, Sadeghi and Pujade- quercustozae (Bosc 1792) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Villar, 2004), A. multiplicatus Giraud 1859, A. on Quercus infectoria (Nazemi-Rafie et al. 2007 as truncicolus (Giraud, 1859), Chilaspis israeli M. stigmatizans), Andricus insana Westwood, 1837 Sternlicht, 1968, Cynips quercusfolii Linnaeus, 1758 (Azizkhani et al. 2008 as M. stigmatizans). (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on Quercus brantii and Q. infectoria (Fagaceae) (Nazemi-Rafie et al. 2007), Bootanomyia synophri (Mayr, 1874) Andricus aestivalis Giraud, 1859, A. cecconii, A. grossulariae, A. multiplicatus, Dryocosmus israeli Megastigmus synophri Mayr, 1874. (Sternlicht 1968), Neuroterus saliens (Kollar 1857) (Cynipidae) on Quercus brantii, Andricus lucidus Distribution in Iran — Lorestan (Azizkhani et (Hartig, 1843), A. megalucidus, Andricus panteli al. 2008). (Kieffer, 1896) on Quercus infectoria (Azizkhani General distribution — Algeria, Austria, et al. 2008), Aphelonyx persica (Melika, Stone and Bulgaria, Europe, Greece, Hungary, Turkey. Sadeghi 2003) (Cynipidae) (Golestaneh et al. 2008 Comments — Parasitoid of Dryocosmus israeli as M. dorsalis). (Cynipidae) (Azizkhani et al. 2008). 456 Iranian Torymidae

Genus Megastigmus Dalman, 1820 cited) (Zoebelein 1966, Grissell and Prinsloo 2001, Nikolskaya and Zerova 1978, Rice and Michailides Megastigmus aculeatus (Swederus, 1795) 1988, Roques and Skrzypczynska 2003). General distribution — Afghanistan, Algeria, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan Armenia, Australia, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Cyprus, (Daneshvar et al. 2009), Tehran (Rakhshani et al. Europe, France, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Israel, Italy, 2003a, b, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh Kirgizia, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, Portugal, et al. 2009, Daneshvar et al. 2009), Iran (no locality Russia, Spain, Syria, Tadzhikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, cited) (Peck 1963, Grissell 1979, Xu and He 1995, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, O’Connor 2003, Roques and Skrzypczynska 2003). former USSR (Central Asia, European), Uzbekistan. General distribution — Argentina, Armenia, Comments — M. pistaciae is a key pest of Australia, Austria, Bosnia Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Pistacia vera and P. atlantica in Iran (Modarres Awal China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, 1997, Zohdi et al. 2016) and also hazelnut (Modarres England, Ethiopia, Europe, Finland, France, Awal 1997). Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Megastigmus rosae Bouček, 1971 Nearctic, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Somalia, South Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009, Daneshvar et USSR (Central Asia, Eastern USSR, European, al. 2009), Kerman (Madjdzadeh et al. 2013), West Siberia), former Yugoslavia. Azarbaijan (Daneshvar et al. 2009). General distribution — Armenia, Austria, Megastigmus bipunctatus (Swederus, 1795) Azerbaijan, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Germany, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Switzerland, Distribution in Iran — Qazvin (Zarnegar et al. Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et former USSR (Siberia). al. 2009). Comments — Parasitoid of Diplolepis fructuum General distribution — Austria, Denmark, (Rübsaamen, 1895) (Cynipidae) on Rosa beggeriana Estonia, Europe, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, (Madjdzadeh et al. 2013), and Rosa canina L. Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Montenegro, Morocco, (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005). Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Megastigmus suspectus Borries, 1895 Ukraine, United Kingdom, former USSR (Eastern USSR, European, Siberia), Uzbekistan. Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan (Ghahari et al. 2010). Megastigmus pistaciae Walker, 1871 General distribution — Algeria, Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Europe, Finland, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan, Fars, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Hamadan, Razavi Khorasan, Semnan, Tehran, Kazakhstan, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Zanjan (Abai and Adeli 1984, Modarres Awal Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, 1997, Mehrnejad 2001, Jalilvand and Gholipour Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, former USSR 2002, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh (European). et al. 2009), Isfahan (Modarres Awal 1997, Basirat and Seyedoleslami 2000, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kerman (Zohdi et al. 2016), Qazvin (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009), Iran (no locality GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 457

Subfamily Toryminae Walker, 1833 Genus Ecdamua Walker, 1862

Genus Adontomerus Nikol’skaya, 1955 Ecdamua nambui Kamijo, 1979

Adontomerus confusus Askew, 2000 Distribution in Iran — Lorestan (Stojanova and Ghahari 2009). Distribution in Iran — Hormozgan (Lotfalizadeh General distribution — Japan, Ukraine. and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). Genus Eridontomerus Crawford, 1907 General distribution — Canary Islands, Iran. Eridontomerus biroi Ruschka, 1923 Adontomerus crassipes (Bouček, 1982) Distribution in Iran — Fars (Azadi and Microdontomerus crassipes (Bouček, 1982). Fallahzadeh 2014, Fallahzadeh et al. 2015). General distribution — Czech Republic, Europe, Distribution in Iran — Ilam (Gharali and Hungary, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Nearctic, Romania, Zerova 2004, and Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005 Slovakia. as Microdontomerus crassipes (Bouček, 1982), Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. Eridontomerus fulviventris Erdös, 1954 2009, Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2014). Distribution in Iran — Fars (Azadi and General distribution — Algeria, Iran, Spain. Fallahzadeh 2014). Comments — Parasitoid of Isocolus tinctorius General distribution — Europe, Hungary, Melika and Gharali, 2006 (Cynipidae) on Carthamus Romania, Turkey, Ukraine. tinctorius (Asteraceae) (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005 as M. crassipes, Lotfalizadeh and Gharali Genus Exopristoides Bouček, 1982 2014). Exopristoides hypecoi Zerova and Adontomerus impolitus (Askew and Nieves Stojanova, 2004 Aldrey, 1988) Distribution in Iran — West Azarbaijan (Zerova Distribution in Iran — West Azarbaijan (Zerova et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). General distribution — Bulgaria, Iran. General distribution — Iran, Spain, Turkey, Uzbekistan. Genus Exopristus Ruschka, 1923

Adontomerus nesterovi Zerova, 1985 Exopristus trigonomerus (Masi, 1916)

Distribution in Iran — Fars (Azadi and Distribution in Iran — West Azarbaijan (Zerova Fallahzadeh 2014, Fallahzadeh et al. 2015). et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). General distribution — Turkmenistan, USSR. General distribution — Bosnia Hercegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Europe, France, Greece, Genus Cryptopristus Förster, 1856 Hungary, Iran, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, North Africa, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Cryptopristus salviae Zerova, 2008 Ukraine, former USSR (Central Asia, European).

Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan (Zerova et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). General distribution — Endemic to Iran. 458 Iranian Torymidae

Genus Glyphomerus Förster, 1856 record for Iran. General distribution — Austria, Croatia, Glyphomerus aylax Stojanova, 2005 Czech Republic, England, Europe, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Jordan, Macedonia, Moldova, Distribution in Iran — West Azarbaijan (Zerova Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Slovakia, et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, former USSR, General distribution — Bulgaria, Iran, Ukraine. former Yugoslavia.

Glyphomerus carinatus Nikol’skaya, 1952 Genus Idiomacromerus Crawford, 1914

Distribution in Iran — Northwestern Iran Idiomacromerus balasi (Szelenyi, 1957) (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2012). General distribution — Austria, France, Kirgizia, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan Mongolia, Tadzhikistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. (Nikdel and Lotfalizadeh 2011), Northwestern Iran (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2012). Glyphomerus flavabdomen Zerova, 2008 General distribution — Bulgaria, Europe, Georgia, Hungary, Iran, Jordan, Moldova, Serbia, Distribution in Iran — West Azarbaijan (Zerova Slovakia, former Yugoslavia. et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). Comments — Parasitoid of gall midge species General distribution — Endemic to Iran. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Anthemis tinctoria (Asteraceae) (Nikdel and Lotfalizadeh 2011). Glyphomerus stigma (Fabricius, 1793) Idiomacromerus irani (Zerova and Seryogina, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan 2008) (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Lotfalizadeh et al. Pseuderimerus irani Zerova and Seryogina, 2008. 2006, 2012, Brasero et Martin 2009, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kordestan Distribution in Iran — Lorestan (Zerova (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012), Tehran and Seryogina 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009 as (Rakhshani et al. 2003b, Lotfalizadeh et al. 2006, Pseuderimerus irani Zerova and Seryogina, 2008). Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. General distribution — Endemic to Iran Iran. 2009, Daneshvar et al. 2009), West Azarbaijan Comments — Reared from stem galls of (Mohammadi et al. 2011). Timaspis lorestanicus Tavakoli and Melika, 2006 General distribution — Andorra, Austria, and Timaspis irani Tavakoli and Melika, 2006 Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, England, (Cynipidae) on Lactuca orientalis (Asteraceae) Europe, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, (Zerova and Seryogina 2008). Italy, Japan, Kirgizia, Netherlands, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Idiomacromerus cf. korneyevi Zerova and Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, former Seryogina, 2001 USSR (Siberia), former Yugoslavia. Comments — Parasitoid of Diplolepis fructuum Distribution in Iran — Fars (Azadi and (Cynipidae) on Rosa canina (Lotfalizadeh and Fallahzadeh 2014, Fallahzadeh et al. 2015). Gharali 2005, Mohammadi et al. 2011, Lotfalizadeh General distribution — Kirgizia. et al. 2012). Idiomacromerus papaveris (Förster, 1856) Glyphomerus tibialis Förster, 1856 Distribution in Iran — Ilam (Lotfalizadeh Material examined — Hamadan province (no and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, locality cited), 1♀, April 2013, on Rosa canina. New Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Qazvin (Arbab et al. GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 459

2004, Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Stojanova Microdontomerus annulatus (Spinola, 1808) and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), West Azarbaijan (Zerova et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. Antistrophoplex cothurnatus (Masi, 1921). 2009). Paraholaspis cothurnata Masi, 1921. General distribution — Andorra, Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, England, Europe, France, Distribution in Iran — Chaharmahal and Germany, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Macedonia, Bakhtiari, East Azarbaijan (Lotfalizadeh and Moldova, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. Gharali 2014), Fars (Azadi and Fallahzadeh 2014, Comments — Reared from Carthamus Fallahzadeh et al. 2015), Guilan, Mazandaran oxycantha (Asteraceae), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Stojanova and Ghahari 2009), Ilam (Gharali 2004 (Fabaceae) (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005). as Antistrophoplex cothurnatus (Masi, 1921), Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, 2014, Stojanova Idiomacromerus perplexus (Gahan, 1914) and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Isfahan (Bagheri and Nematollahi 2006, Nematollahi 2010, Distribution in Iran — Ardabil, Qazvin Bagheri and Nasr Isfahani 2011, Lotfalizadeh and (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Gharali 2014), Kerman (Madjdzadeh et al. 2013, Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kordestan Samin 2015), Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad (Saeidi (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). and Adam 2011, Saeidi 2013, Khatima and Reza General distribution — Argentina, Armenia, 2015), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh Canada, Chile, Europe, Hungary, Iran, Mexico, 2012), Qom (Keyhanian 2008), Tehran (Modarres Romania, Russia, Serbia, United States of America, Awal 1997 as Paraholaspis cothurnata Masi, 1921, Uruguay, former USSR (Central Asia), Uzbekistan, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. former Yugoslavia. 2009, Doosti et al. 2014). General distribution — Austria, Croatia, Czech Idiomacromerus terebrator (Masi, 1916) Republic, Egypt, England, Europe, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Libya, Moldova, Montenegro, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan Nearctic, Pakistan, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine. Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kerman Comments — Parasitoid of Acanthiophilus (Madjdzadeh et al. 2013), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie helianthi (Rossi, 1794) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on and Lotfalizadeh 2012). safflower (Carthamus lanatus, C. oxycantha, C. General distribution — Armenia, Croatia, tinctorius) (Modarres Awal 1997, Gharali 2004, Europe, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Bagheri and Nematollahi 2006 as A. cothurnatus, Macedonia, Moldova, New Zealand, Romania, Saeidi 2013, Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2014, Doosti Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine, United States of America, et al. 2014). Additionally, parasitoid of A. helianthi, USSR, Uzbekistan. Chaetorellia carthami Stackelberg, 1929 and Terellia serratulae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Tephritidae) Genus Microdontomerus Crawford, 1907 (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Saeidi and Adam 2011, Khatima and Reza 2015). Microdontomerus albipes (Giraud, 1870) Genus Monodontomerus Westwood, 1833 Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). Monodontomerus aeneus (Fonscolombe, 1832) General distribution — Algeria. Distribution in Iran — Iran (no locality cited) (Baur 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). General distribution — Austria, Azerbaijan, 460 Iranian Torymidae

Canada, Chile, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Monodontomerus obscurus Westwood, 1833 England, Europe, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Romania, Distribution in Iran — Ardabil (Lotfalizadeh Russia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, United and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, States of America, former USSR (Central Asia, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Fars (Stojanova and Ghahari Siberia). 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2015), Hamadan, Isfahan, Mazandaran, North Khorasan, South Khorasan Monodontomerus aereus Walker, 1834 (Stojanova and Ghahari 2009), Ilam (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005), Kerman (Madjdzadeh et al. Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan (Nikdel 2013), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh et al. 2004, 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, 2012). Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie General distribution — Azores, Bulgaria, and Lotfalizadeh 2012), Qazvin (Lotfalizadeh and Canada, Chile, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Gharali 2005, Gharali et al. 2005, Stojanova and Egypt, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Northwestern Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Macedonia, Moldova, the Iran (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2012). Netherlands, Pakistan, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, General distribution — Armenia, Austria, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Bosnia Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America. Czech Republic, Europe, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy, Monodontomerus vicicellae (Walker, 1847) Japan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Distribution in Iran — Mazandaran, Tehran Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, (Tremewan 1976, 1977, Stojanova and Ghahari United Kingdom, United States of America, former 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). USSR, former Yugoslavia. General distribution — Austria, Croatia, Czech Comments — Pupal parasitoid of brown-tail Republic, Europe, Finland, France, Germany, moth, Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758) Hungary, Iran, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) (Nikdel et al. 2004, Mongolia, Netherlands, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, 2008, Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005), and unknown Spain, Ukraine, United Kingdom. species of Sphecidae (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2012). Monodontomerus rugulosus Thomson, 1876

Monodontomerus minor (Ratzeburg, 1848) Distribution in Iran — Fars (Fallahzadeh et al. 2015). Material examined — Golestan province, General distribution — Armenia, Austria, Minudasht, 37°10′N 55°30′E, 1♀, October 2012. Colombia, Czech Republic, England, France, New record for Iran. Moldova, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Sweden, Austria, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Turkey, former USSR. Republic, Europe, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Genus Oopristus Steffan, 1968 Moldova, Nearctic, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, South Korea, Sweden, Oopristus turkestanicus (Skriptshinsky, 1929) Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, former USSR (Central Asia, Siberia). Oopristus safavii Steffan, 1968.

Distribution in Iran — Fars (Azadi and Fallahzadeh 2014, Fallahzadeh et al. 2015), Tehran (Steffan 1968, Modarres Awal 1997 as Oopristus GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 461 safavii Steffan, 1968, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Podagrion splendens Spinola, 1811 Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Iran (no locality cited) (Farooqi 1986). Distribution in Iran — Mazandaran (Stojanova General distribution — Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and Ghahari 2009), Northwestern Iran (Lotfalizadeh Turkey, Uzbekistan. and Gharali 2012). Comments — Parasitoid of Apodiphus amygdali General distribution — Bosnia Hercegovina, (Germar, 1817) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Croatia, Europe, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, (Modarres Awal 1997 as O. safavii). Morocco, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey. Comments — Parasitoid of egg capsule of Mantis Genus Podagrion Spinola, 1811 religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mantodea) (Stojanova and Ghahari 2009). Podagrion bouceki Delvare, 2005 Genus Podagrionella Girault, 1914 Distribution in Iran — Kerman (Delvare 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. Podagrionella caudata Narendran, 1994 2009), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). Distribution in Iran — Sistan and Baluchestan General distribution — Benin, Burkina Faso, (Tatogh et al. 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Cameroon, France, Corsica, Gambia, Guinea, Iran, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). Ivory Coast, Morocco, Oman, Portugal, Senegal, General distribution — India (Tamil Nadu), Iran. Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Turkey. Comments — Parasitoid of ootheca (egg capsule) of Mantidae (Mantodea) (Tatogh et al. 2008). Podagrion gibbum Bernard, 1938 Podagrionella lichtensteini (Picard, 1933) Distribution in Iran — Fars (Fallahzadeh et al. 2015). Iridophaga lichtensteini Picard, 1933. General distribution — France, Greece, Romania, Spain. Distribution in Iran — Fars (Fallahzadeh et Podagrion minus Strand, 1911 al. 2015), Ilam (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005 as Iridophaga lichtensteini Picard, 1933), Kordestan Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). and Lotfalizadeh 2012). General distribution — Canary Islands, France, General distribution — Italy, Morocco, Spain. Kazakhstan, Spain. Comments — Stojanova and Ghahari (2009) and Podagrion pachymerum (Walker, 1833) Fallahzadeh et al. (2009, 2015) recorded erroneously East Azarbaijan as the locality of P. lichtensteini Distribution in Iran — Yazd (Ebrahimi and upon Lotfalizadeh and Gharali (2005), while only Ahmadian 2002, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Ilam province (Shirvan-Chardaval) was recorded for Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). this species by Lotfalizadeh and Gharali (2005). General distribution — Algeria, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Europe, France, Podagrionella petiolata (Erdös, 1964) Germany, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy, Madeira, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Syria, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan (Ghahari Turkey, Ukraine. et al. 2010). General distribution — Algeria. 462 Iranian Torymidae

Podagrionella tatianae (Bouček, 1976) England, Europe, Germany, Ukraine.

Distribution in Iran — Guilan (Ghahari et al. Pseudotorymus medicaginis (Mayr, 1874) 2010). General distribution — Spain. Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Genus Pseudotorymus Masi, 1921 Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kerman (Madjdzadeh et al. 2013), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie Pseudotorymus arvernicus (Walker, 1833) and Lotfalizadeh 2012). General distribution — Austria, Czech Republic, Distribution in Iran — Guilan, Kerman, Razavi England, Europe, Iran, Mongolia, Romania, Sweden, Khorasan (Stojanova and Ghahari 2009). Ukraine. General distribution — Austria, Croatia, Czech Comments — Parasitoid of gall-making Republic, England, Europe, France, Germany, Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) in alfalfa fields (Medicago Hungary, Italy, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, sativa L.) (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005). Palaearctic, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine. Pseudotorymus militaris (Boheman, 1834)

Pseudotorymus euphorbiae Zerova and Distribution in Iran — Kerman (Madjdzadeh Seryogina 1999 et al. 2013), West Azarbaijan (Zerova et al. 2008, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). Distribution in Iran — Ilam (Lotfalizadeh General distribution — Czech Republic, and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, England, Europe, Germany, Iran, Sweden, Turkey, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). Ukraine. General distribution — Iran, Ukraine. Comments — Parasitoid of gall-making Pseudotorymus papaveris (Thomson, 1876) midges on Euphorbia boisseriana (Euphorbiaceae) (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005). Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). Pseudotorymus frontinus (Walker, 1851) General distribution — Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Europe, France, Germany, Hungary, Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie Moldova, Mongolia, Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, and Lotfalizadeh 2012). Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine. General distribution — Austria, England, Europe, Hungary, Wales. Pseudotorymus regalis Askew, 2006

Pseudotorymus krygeri Hoffmeyer, 1931 Distribution in Iran — Lorestan (Askew et al. 2006a, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie et al. 2009), Iran (no locality cited) (Askew et al. and Lotfalizadeh 2012). 2006b). General distribution — Denmark, Europe, General distribution — Endemic to Iran Iran. Netherlands, Sweden. Comments — Parasitoid of Diplolepis mayri (Schlechtendal, 1877) (Cynipidae) on Rosa sp. Pseudotorymus leguminus Ruschka, 1923 (Askew et al. 2006a).

Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). General distribution — Austria, Czech Republic, GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 463

Pseudotorymus salviae Ruschka, 1923 India, Italy, Macedonia, Madeira, Moldova, Nepal, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Distribution in Iran — Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie Turkey, Serbia, Yemen, former Yugoslavia. and Lotfalizadeh 2012). General distribution — Europe, Germany, Torymoides violaceus (Nikol’skaya, 1954) Hungary, Romania. Distribution in Iran — Yazd (Lotfalizadeh and Pseudotorymus sapphyrinus Mohammadi-Khoramabadi 2015). (Fonscolombe, 1832) General distribution — Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan (Ghahari Spain, USSR. et al. 2010), Golestan (Ghahari et al. 2016), Kordestan Comments — Parasitoid of Rhopalomyia (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). hispanica Tavares, 1904 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) General distribution — Azerbaijan, Croatia, on Artemisia herba-alba (Asteraceae) galls Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, (Lotfalizadeh and Mohammadi-Khoramabadi 2015). Moldova, Mongolia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine. Genus Torymus Dalman, 1820

Pseudotorymus stachidis (Mayr, 1874) Torymus affinis (Fonscolombe, 1832)

Distribution in Iran — Fars (Fallahzadeh et al. Material examined Guilan province, Lahijan, 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et 37°14′N 50°02′E, 1♀, 23.v.2011, ex Biorhiza al. 2009). pallida (Olivier 1791) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) General distribution — Austria, Europe, on Quercus sp.; Mazandaran province, Tonekabon Hungary, Iran, Sweden, Ukraine. (Jangal-e 3000), 36°38′N 50°49′E, 2♀♀, June 2012, Comments — Parasitoid of Dicrodiplosis manihoti ex Cynips quercusfolii (Linnaeus, 1758) on Quercus Harris, 1981 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) (Fallahzadeh sp. New record for Iran. et al. 2008). General distribution — Andorra, Austria, Genus Torymoides Walker, 1871 Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Europe, France, Torymoides dispar (Masi, 1916) Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Distribution in Iran — Golestan, Mazandaran Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, former USSR. (Ghahari et al. 2016), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh 2012). Torymus armatus Boheman, 1834 General distribution — Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, Distribution in Iran — Northwestern Iran Montenegro, Slovakia, Syria, Turkey. (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2012). General distribution — Austria, Bulgaria, Torymoides kiesenwetteri (Mayr, 1874) China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Europe, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Netherlands, Distribution in Iran — Fars (Azadi and Papua New Guinea, Russia, Sweden, Ukraine, Fallahzadeh 2014, Fallahzadeh et al. 2015), Kerman former USSR (European). (Madjdzadeh et al. 2013), Mazandaran (Stojanova and Ghahari 2009), South Khorasan (Samin 2015). General distribution — Andorra, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Egypt, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, 464 Iranian Torymidae

Torymus artemisiae Mayr, 1874 Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009, Daneshvar et al. 2009), West Azarbaijan (Daneshvar et al. 2009, Distribution in Iran — Yazd (Lotfalizadeh and Mohammadi et al. 2011), Iran (no locality cited) Mohammadi-Khoramabadi 2015). (Askew et al. 2006a, b). General distribution — Europe, France, General distribution — Andorra, Armenia, Hungary, Romania, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine. Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Comments — Parasitoid of Rhopalomyia navasi China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Tavares, 1904 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Artemisia Europe, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, herba-alba (Asteraceae) galls (Lotfalizadeh and Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Moldova, Nearctic, Mohammadi-Khoramabadi 2015). Netherlands, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Torymus auratus (Müller, 1764) Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, former USSR, former Yugoslavia. Torymus nigricornis (Fabricius 1793). Comments — Parasitoid of Diplolepis mayri (Schlechtendal, 1877) (Cynipidae) (Modarres Awal Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan 1997 as Rhodites mayri Schlechtendal, 1877, Askew (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Lotfalizadeh et al. 2006a, Daneshvar et al. 2009), Diplolepis et al. 2006, 2012, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, fructuum on Rosa canina (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kordestan (Modarres Awal 2005, Mohammadi et al. 2011, Lotfalizadeh et al. 1997 as Torymus nigricornis (Fabricius 1793)), 2012). Lorestan (Azizkhani et al. 2008), Iran (no locality cited) (Tavakoli et al. 2010). Torymus calcaratus Nees, 1834 General distribution — Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan England, Europe, France, Georgia, Germany, (Lotfalizadeh 2014). Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Moldova, Morocco, General distribution — Armenia, Austria, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Scotland, Slovakia, Belgium, Bosnia Hercegovina, Bulgaria, China, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Croatia, Czech Republic, Europe, France, Hungary, United States of America. India, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Comments — Parasitoid of Cynips sp. (Modarres Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Awal 1997 as T. nigricornis), Diplolepis fructuum Ukraine, former USSR (Central Asia, European). (Cynipidae) on Rosa canina L. (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2005, Lotfalizadeh et al. 2012), Dryocosmus Torymus cultriventris Ratzeburg, 1844 israeli (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on Quercus brantii, Cynips quercusfolii (Cynipidae) on Quercus Material examined — West Azarbaijan infectoria (Azizkhani et al. 2008). province, Piranshahr, 36°42′N 45°10′E, 3♀♀, June 2011, ex Andricus curvator Hartig, 1840 Torymus bedeguaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on Quercus petraea (Fagaceae). New record for Iran. Distribution in Iran — East Azatbaijan Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Europe, (Modarres Awal 1997, Lotfalizadeh and Gharali Germany, Hungary, Montenegro, Netherlands, 2005, Lotfalizadeh et al. 2006, 2012, Stojanova Poland, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Isfahan former Yugoslavia. (Modarres Awal 1997, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Kerman (Lotfalizadeh et al. Torymus cupreus (Spinola, 1808) 2012, Madjdzadeh et al. 2013), Tehran (Modarres Awal 1997, Rakhshani et al. 2003b, Lotfalizadeh and Distribution in Iran — East Azarbaijan Gharali 2005, Lotfalizadeh et al. 2006, Stojanova and (Lotfalizadeh and Gharali 2012, Lotfalizadeh 2014), GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 465

Fars (Azadi and Fallahzadeh 2014, Fallahzadeh et al. Torymus geranii (Walker, 1833) 2015). General distribution — Austria, Burma, Croatia, Distribution in Iran — Fars, Khuzestan Czech Republic, Denmark, Israel, Italy, Moldova, (Golestaneh et al. 2008), Ilam (Lotfalizadeh Montenegro, the Netherlands, Russia, Slovakia, and Gharali 2005, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Ukraine, former USSR (Central Asia, European). Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Lorestan (Azizkhani et al. 2005, 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Torymus cyaneus Walker, 1847 Fallahzadeh et al. 2009), Iran (no locality cited) (Tavakoli et al. 2010). Distribution in Iran — Iran (no locality cited) General distribution — Andorra, Austria, (Tavakoli et al. 2010). Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, General distribution — Austria, Azerbaijan, England, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Europe, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Romania, Russia, South Korea, Serbia, Slovakia, Moldova, Netherlands, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine. Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom. Comments — Parasitoid of Chilaspis israeli Comments — Parasitoid of gall Sternlicht, 1968 (Cynipidae) (Lotfalizadeh and (Cynipidae) on Quercus spp. (Tavakoli et al. 2010). Gharali 2005), Dryocosmus israeli (Cynipidae) (Golestaneh et al. 2008, Azizkhani et al. 2008), Torymus erucarum (Schrank, 1781) Dryocosmus mikoi Melika, Tavakoli, Stone and Azizkhani, 2006 (Azizkhani et al. 2008), Neuroterus Distribution in Iran — West Azarbaiajn saliens (Kollar, 1857) (Cynipidae) (Kollar, 1857), (Zargaran et al. 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Neuroterus lanuginosus (Giraud, 1859) (Golestaneh Fallahzadeh et al. 2009). et al. 2008). General distribution — Andorra, Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Europe, Torymus lapsanae (Hoffmeyer, 1930) France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Distribution in Iran — Fars, Tehran (Hesami et Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, al. 2008, Stojanova and Ghahari 2009, Fallahzadeh Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. et al. 2009). Comments — Parasitoid of Cynips quercus General distribution — Europe, France, (Fourcroy, 1785) (Cynipidae) on Quercus infectoria Hungary, Iran, Sweden, Ukraine. (Fagaceae) (Zargaran et al. 2008). Comments — Parasitoid of Diplolepis rosae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cynipidae) (Hesami et al. 2008). Torymus flavipes (Walker, 1833) Torymus nitidulus (Walker, 1833) Distribution in Iran — Iran (no locality cited) (Tavakoli et al. 2010). Distribution in Iran — Golestan (Ghahari et al. General distribution — Andorra, Austria, 2016), Kordestan (Nazemi Rafie and Lotfalizadeh Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, 2012). Czech Republic, England, Europe, Finland, France, General distribution — China, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, England, Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Scotland, Slovakia, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, USA, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, former USSR. Ukraine, United States of America. Comments — Parasitoid of gall wasps (Cynipidae) on Quercus spp. (Tavakoli et al. 2010). 466 Iranian Torymidae

Torymus rubi (Schrank, 1781) Goldansaz et al. (1998) reported Philotrypesis caricae (Linnaeus, 1762) from Fars, and Ghahari Distribution in Iran — Mazandaran (Ghahari et et al. (2010) reported Philotrypesis pilosa Mayr, al. 2010). 1906 from Kerman as Torymidae, but the genus General distribution — Austria, Azerbaijan, Philotrypesis related to the family Pteromalidae Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, (subfamily Sycoryctinae) (Noyes 2016, Ghahari et Denmark, England, Europe, France, Germany, al. 2015). Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Moldova, Distribution: Eighty species of Iranian Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Torymidae were reported from 29 of the 31 Iranian Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, provinces. Among them, Kordestan with 22 Ukraine, former USSR, former Yugoslavia. recorded species has the highest diversity followed by Fars and East Azarbaijan provinces with 17 and Torymus varians (Walker, 1833) 15 species, respectively (Figure 3). Several areas of Iran which are in the Zagros mountain range, Distribution in Iran — Alborz, Isfahan especially Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, Kuhgiloyeh (Azizkhani et al. 2010). & Boyerahmad and Kermanshah provinces, have General distribution — Australia, Canada, not been sampled sysematically; faunistic surveys in Croatia, Czech Republic, England, Europe, France, these regions surely will result in finding new species Germany, India, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Moldova, of Torymidae and also new information about their Nearctic, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, hosts and distribution.Among the adjacent countries Palaearctic, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, of Iran, the fauna of Turkish Torymidae have been Ukraine, United States of America, former USSR studied nore than others, with a total of 145 species (Central Asia). within24 genera having been recorded so far Comments — Reared on Crataegus aminii and (Doğanlar and Doğanlar 2008, 2009, Doğanlar 2016a- C. babakhanloui (Rosaceae) (Azizkhani et al. 2010). f, 2017, Tarla et al. 2010). Additionally, the fauna of Iranian Torymidae has more similarity to Turkish DISCUSSION fauna with 35 same species; consequently there are Azerbaijan (10 species), Armenia (9), Turkmenistan The results of this checklist with 80 species (7), Pakistan (4), Iraq (4) and Afghanistan (1). indicate that the fauna of Iranian Torymidae is Host-parasitoid relationships: In total 35 diverse. Finding 4 new records and regarding the species of 5 orders Diptera, Hemiptera, various geographical regions in Iran, we expect Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Mantodea have been that many more species remain to be discovered in recported so far as the hosts of Torymidae in Iran. different regions of Iran, especially in southern areas. 1- Diptera: Totally 3 species of the family Among the 18 genera of Iranian Torymidae, Cecidomyiidae (Dicrodiplosis manihoti Harris, Torymus and Pseudotorymus with 16 and 12 species, 1981, Rhopalomyia hispanica Tavares, 1904, R. respectively are more diverse than the other genera navasi Tavares, 1904) and 3 species of Tephritidae (Figure 2). The genus Torymus Dalman is the largest (Acanthiophilus helianthi (Rossi, 1794), Chaetorellia genus of the family, with 416 nominal species. carthami Stackelberg, 1929, Terellia serratulae Additionally Pseudotorymus is a diverse genus with (Linnaeus, 1758)) were recorded as the hosts of 67 species worldwide (Noyes 2016). Four species, Iranian Torymidae so far. Cryptopristus salviae Zerova, 2008, Glyphomerus 2- Hemiptera: Only one species, Apodiphus flavabdomen Zerova, 2008, Idiomacromerus irani amygdali (Germar, 1817) (Pentatomidae) has been (Zerova and Seryogina, 2008), and Pseudotorymus recorded from Iran as the host of Torymidae. regalis Askew, 2006 are endemic to Iran. 3- Hymenoptera: Totally 26 cynipid species from 10 genera, Andricus Hartig, 1840 (11 species), Aphelonyx Mayr, 1881 (1), Biorhiza Westwood, 1840 (1), Chilaspis Mayr, 1881 (1), Cynips GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 467

Linnaeus, 1758 (2), Diplolepis Geoffroy, 1762 (3), Arbab A, Gharali B, Zerova M (2004) Report of Dryocosmus Giraud, 1859 (2), Isocolus Förster, three species of Chalcidoidea from Iran. Journal 1869 (1), Neuroterus Hartig, 1840 (2), and Timaspis of Entomological Society of Iran 24: 129-130. Mayr, 1881 (2) have been recorded as the hosts of Askew RR, Sadeghi SE, Tavakoli, M (2006a) Torymidae in Iran: Chalcidoidea (Hym.) in galls of Diplolepis Andricus aestivalis Giraud, 1859, A. cecconii mayri (Schlechtendal) (Hym., Cynipidae) in Kieffer, 1901, A. curvator Hartig, 1840, A. Iran, with the description of a new species grossulariae Giraud 1859, A. insana Westwood, of Pseudotorymus Masi (Hym., Torymidae). 1837, A. lucidus (Hartig, 1843), A. megalucidus Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 142, 1-6. (Melika, Stone, Sadeghi and Pujade-Villar, 2004), Askew RR, Plantard O, Gómez JF, Hernandez A. multiplicatus Giraud 1859, A. panteli (Kieffer, Nieves M, Nieves-Aldrey JL (2006b) Catalogue 1896), A. quercustozae (Bosc 1792), A. truncicolus of parasitoids and inquilines in galls of Aylacini, (Giraud, 1859), Aphelonyx persica (Melika, Stone Diplolepini and Pediaspidini (Hym., Cynipidae) and Sadeghi 2003), Biorhiza pallida (Olivier 1791), in West Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1301: 1-60. Chilaspis israeli Sternlicht, 1968, Cynips quercus Azadi S, Fallahzadeh M (2014) A faunistic study (Fourcroy, 1785), C. quercusfolii (Linnaeus, 1758), of Torymidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Diplolepis fructuum (Rübsaamen, 1895), D. mayri south of Fars province, Iran. Proceedings of 21th (Schlechtendal, 1877), D. rosae (Linnaeus, 1758), Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 569. Dryocosmus israeli (Sternlicht 1968), D. mikoi Azizkhani E, Rasulian G, Kharazi-Pakdel A, Sadeghi Melika, Tavakoli, Stone and Azizkhani, 2006, SE, Tavakoli M, Melika G (2005) Report of Isocolus tinctorius Melika and Gharali, 2006, eight species of parasitoid wasps belonging to Neuroterus saliens (Kollar, 1857), N. lanuginosus Chalcidoidea from cynipid galls on oak trees. (Giraud, 1859), Timaspis lorestanicus Tavakoli and Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Melika, 2006, T. irani Tavakoli and Melika, 2006. 25(1): 79-80. Additionally an unknown species of Sphecidae was Azizkhani E, Sadeghi SE, Rasulian G, Omid R, recorded as the host of Monodontomerus aereus. Moniri VR, Farashiani ME, Salahi A (2008) 4- Lepidoptera: Only one species, Euproctis Parasitoids associated with oak gall wasps chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lymantriidae) in Lorestan province. Forest and Range has so far been recorded from Iran as the host of Protection Research 5(2): 175-186. Torymidae. Azizkhani E, Mirzadeh Vaghefi S, Omid R, Yarmand 5- Mantodea: Egg capsule or ootheca of Mantis H 2010. First record of the seed Torymus religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mantidae) has been varians (Walker, 1833) (Hym.: Torymidae) reported as the host of 2 torymid species, Podagrion from Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and splendens and Podagrionella caudata. Range Protection Research 8(1): 92-93. Bagheri MR, Nematollahi MR (2006) Biology and ACKNOWLEDGMENTS damage rate of safflower shoot flyAcanthiophilus helianthi in Esfahan province. Proceedings of The authors are grateful to two anonymous 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 268. reviewers for insightful comments, and J. Noyes Bagheri MR & Nasr Isfahani M (2011) The fauna (UK) for providing some papers. The research was of harmful and beneficial of supported by Islamic Azad University (Yadegar-e- medicinal and range plants in Isfahan. Journal Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch). of Entomological Research 3(2): 119-132. [in Persian, English summary] LITERATURE CITED Basirat M, Seyedoleslami H (2000) Biology of pistachio seed wasp in Isfahan province, Abai M, Adeli E (1984) List of pest of forest trees and Iran. Journal of Science and Technology of shrubs of Iran. Tehran: Ministry of Agriculture Agriculture and Natural Resources 4(1): 137- and Rural development, 147 pp. 148. 468 Iranian Torymidae

Baur H (2005) Determination list of entomophagous Doğanlar M (2017) Turkish species of Torymus insects nr 14. Bulletin. Section Regionale Ouest Dalman, 1820 (Hymenoptera: Torymidae: Palaearctique, Organisation Internationale de Torymini), with descriptions of new species. Lutte Biologique 28(11): 1-71. Munis Entomology and Zoology 12(1): 5-22. Brasero et Martin N (2009) Systématique des Doğanlar O, Doğanlar M (2008) A new species Chalcidoidea de l’ambre de l’Oise. Mémoire of Idarnotorymus Masi, 1916 (Hymenoptera: en Sciences Biologiques, Université de Mons- Torymidae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Hainaut, 96 pp. Zoology 32(1): 85-90. Daneshvar S, Talebi AA, Fathipour Y (2009) The Doğanlar O, Doğanlar M (2009) wasps associated with seeds and galls of Rosa Podagrionella Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: canina in Iran. Advances in Environmental Torymidae: Podagrionini) species from Turkey, Biology 3(1): 63-65. with descriptions of new species. Turkish Delvare G (2005) A revision of the West-Palearctic Journal of Zoology 33(1): 1-6. Podagrion (Hymenoptera: Torymidae), with the Doosti S, Abbasipour H, Askarianzadeh A description of Podagrion bouceki sp.nov. Acta (2014) Natural parasitism of safflower Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovenicae 69: fly, Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi (Dip.: 65-88. Tephritidae) by Microdontomerus annulatus Doğanlar M (2016a) Species of Microdontomerus on the different cultivars in south of Tehran. (Crawford, 1907) and Eridontomerus Proceedings of 21th Iranian Plant Protection (Crawford, 1907) (Hymenoptera: Torymidae: Congress, p. 609. Microdontomerini) from Turkey, with Ebrahimi E, Ahmadian HA (2002) Report of descriptions of new species Entomofauna Podagrion pachymerum (Hym., Torymidae) 37(33): 505-520. from Iran. Proceedings of 15th Iranian Plant Doğanlar M (2016b) Pseuderimerus Gahan, 1919 Protection Congress, p. 166. (Hymenoptera: Torymidae: Microdontomerini) Fallahzadeh M, Shojai M, Ostovan H, Kamali species from Turkey, with descriptions of new K. (2008) The first report of Pseudotorymus species. Munis Entomology and Zoology 11(1): stachidis (Hym.: Torymidae) from Iran. Journal 230-237. of Entomological Society of Iran 27: 17-18. (in Doğanlar M (2016c) Ditropinotus Crawford, 1907 Persian, English summary) (Hymenoptera: Torymydae: Microdontomerini) Fallahzadeh M, Narendran TC, Saghaei N species from Turkey, with descriptions of new (2009) Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, species. Munis Entomology and Zoology 11(2): Eurytomidae and Torymidae in Iran. Check List 269-277. 5: 830-839. Doğanlar M (2016d) Turkish species Fallahzadeh M, Azadi S, Janšta P (2015) A of Microdontomerus Crawford, 1907 with contribution to the knowledge of the Torymidae descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera: (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from South- Toryidae: Microdontomerini). Munis Western Iran. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomology and Zoology 11(2): 363-381. Entomologica Hungarica 50(2): 297-305. Doğanlar M (2016e) Species Farooqi SI (1986) Family Torymidae, p. 20. In: of Idiomacromerus Crawford in B.R. Suubba Rao and M. Hayat (ed.). The Turkey (Hymenoptera: Torymidae: Chalcidoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of India Microdontomerini). Munis Entomology and and the adjacent countries. Part II, Oriental Zoology 11(2): 312-354. Insects. USA: Associated Publishers, 430 pp. Doğanlar M (2016f) Species of Pseudotorymus Masi Ghahari H, Abd-Rabou S, Sakenin H, Hedqvist KJ, in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Torymidae: Ostovan H. (2010) A contribution to some Microdontomerini). Munis Entomology and Chalcidoidea wasps (Hymenoptera) from Zoology 11(2): 393-433. GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 469

Iran. Journal of Biological Control 24(1): 17- Hesami S, Behzadi MR, Ebrahimi E, Miresmaili SS, 21. Doğanlar M. (2008) Report of Torymus lapsanae Ghahari H, Doganlar M, Sureshan PM, Ostovan H (Hym.: Torymidae), a parasitoid of Diplolepis (2015) An annotated catalogue of the Iranian rosae (Hym.: Cynipidae) from Iran. Journal of Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Entomological Society of Iran, Suppl. 27: 17-18. Entomofauna (Supplement) 19: 1-101. Jalilvand N, Gholipour Y (2002) Pistachio production Ghahari H, Myartseva SN, Ruíz-Cancino E (2016) A in Iran: II. Main Iranian pistachio pests. NUCIS faunistic study on some families of Chalcidoidea Newsletter 11: 23-25. (Hymenoptera) from Golestan province and Keyhanian AA (2008) Seasonal abundance of the vicinity, northern Iran. Folia Entomológica safflower fly, Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi Mexicana 2(1): 10-15. (Diptera: Tephritidae), and its infestation on Gharali B (2004) Study of natural enemies of safflower safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. in Ghom shoot flies in Ilam province. Proceedings of 16th province. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi 78: 57-62. Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 54. [in Persian, English summary] Gharali B, Zerova M (2004) Natural enemies of Khatima A, Reza M (2015) An overview on pest safflower gall wasp, Isocolus sp. (Cynopidae: Insect Fauna of safflower fields in Iran. African Aylacini) in Ilam province. Proceedings of Journal of Insects 2(1): 34-38. 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 55. Lotfalizadeh H (2012) Review of chalcidoid Gharali B, Lotfalizadeh HA, Ebrahimi E, Zerova parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of M (2005) Record of Monodontomerus aereus xylophagous beetles. Munis Entomology and (Hym.: Torymidae) from Iran. Journal of Zoology 7 (1): 309-333. Entomological Society of Iran 25(1): 66. Lotfalizadeh H (2014) New findings of twoTorymus Goldansaz H, Esmaili M, Faghih H, Sabet Sarvestani J species (Hym.: Chalcidoidea, Torymidae) of (1998) Phylotrypesis carica (L.) (Hymenoptera: cupreus-group in Iran. Biharen Biologist 8: 124– Torymidae) a cleptoparasite for Blastophaga 125. psenes (Hym.: Agaonidae) in Estahban, Fars. Lotfalizadeh H, Gharali B (2005) Introduction to the Proceedings of 13th Iranian Plant Protection Torymidae fauna (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) Congress, p. 150. of Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 36: 67-72. Golestaneh SR, Sadeghii SE, Azizkhani E, Farrar Lotfalizadeh H, Rasplus JY, Delvare G (2006) N (2008) Oak cynipid gall wasps (Hym.: Rose gall wasps and their associated fauna Cynipidae) and associated parasitoids on (Hymenoptera) in Iran. Redia 89: 73-85. Persian oak, Quercus brantii in southern Lotfalizadeh H, Gharali B (2012) New data on the Zagros. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range family Torymidae (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) in the Protection Research 6(1): 20-28. northwest of Iran. Proceedings of 20th Iranian Grissell EE (1979) Family Torymidae; p. 748-769 In: Plant Protection Congress, p. 188. K.V. Krombein, P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith and Lotfalizadeh H, Rajabi M, Madjdzadeh SM (2012) B.D. Bruks (ed.). Catalog of Hymenoptera Parasitoids community of Diplolepis fructuum in America North of Mexico 1, Washington: (Rübsaamen) (Hym.: Cynipidae) in Kerman Smithsonian Institution Press, 1198 pp. province, with checklist of its associated Grissell EE (1995) Toryminae (Hymenoptera: Hymenoptera fauna in Iran. North-Western Chalcidoidea: Torymidae): A redefinition, Journal of Zoology 8(1): 125-131. generic classification and annotated world Lotfalizadeh H, Gharali B (2014) Hymenopterous catalogue of species. Memoirs on Entomology, parasitoids of safflower seed pests in Iran. International 2: 474 pp. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 82: Grissell EE, Prinsloo GL (2001) Seed-feeding species 1-11. of Megastigmus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) Lotfalizadeh H, Mohammadi-Khoramabadi A (2015) associated with Anacardiaceae. Journal of Two torymid species (Hym.: Chalcidoidea, Hymenoptera Research 10(2): 271-279. Torymidae) developing on Artemisia gall 470 Iranian Torymidae

midges (Dip.: Cecidomyiidae). Journal of Plant Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 79(1): Protection Research 55 (4): 351-353. 155-156. Madjdzadeh SM, Lotfalizadeh H, Abolhasanzadeh Nieves-Aldrey JL, Hernandez Nieves M, Gómez F (2013) The family Torymidae (Hymenoptera: JF (2008) Larval morphology and biology Chalcidoidea) of Kerman province, Southeastern of three European species of Megastigmus Iran. Biharean Biologist 7: 20-24. (Hymenoptera, Torymidae, Megastigminae) Mehrnejad MR (2001) The current status of pistachio parasitoids of gall wasps, including a comparison pests in Iran. Cahiers Options Mediterranéennes with the larvae of two seed-infesting species. 56: 315-322. Zootaxa 1746: 46-60. Modarres Awal M. (1997) Family Torymidae, pp. Nikolskaya MN, Zerova MD (1978) Torymidae 283-284. In: List of agricultural pests and their (Callimomidae), pp. 358-374. In: G.S. Medevdev natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University (ed.), Opredelitel Nasekomah Evropeyskoy Press, 429 pp. Chasti SSSR, vol. III, Hymenoptera II. Mohammadi R, Lotfalizadeh H, Pashayi-Rad S Leningrad: Nauka. (2011) Hymenopterous parasitoids associated Noyes J (2016) Universal Chalcidoidea Database. with rose gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) World Wide Web electronic publication at at the north of West-Azerbaijan province: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/chalcidoids/ Composition of species and their seasonal accessed 15 September 2016. changes. Journal of Field Crop Entomology O’Connor JP (2003) Megastigmus aculeatus 1(1): 17-30. (Swederus) (Hym., Torymidae), new to Ireland. Nazemi-Rafie J, Talebi AA, Sadeghi SE, Melika G. Entomologists Monthly Magazine 139: 124. (2007) Parasitoids (Hym., Chalcidoidea) reared Peck O (1963) A catalogue of the Nearctic from oak gall wasps (Hym., Cynipidae) in west Chalcidoidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera). The of Iran, with five new species records. Journal Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 30: of Entomological Research Society 9(3): 43-56. 1-1092. Nazemi Rafie J, Lotfalizadeh H (2012) Identification Rakhshani E, Talebi A, Fathipour Y, Moharramipour and diversity of torymid wasps (Hym.: S. (2003a) The first report of rose seed gall Chalcidoidea, Torymidae) of Kurdistan wasp, Megastigmus aculeatus Swederus Province. Proceedings of 20th Iranian Plant (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) from Iran. Protection Congress, p. 105. Proceedings of the 2nd Applied-Scientific Nematollahi MR (2010) Insect community structure Seminar on flowers and Ornamental Plants, p. 9. in safflower fields of Esfahan province, Iran. Rakhshani E, Taleb, A, Sadeghi SE, Ebrahimi E, Proceedings of 19th Iranian Plant Protection Thuroczy C. (2003b) Report of five wasps Congress, p. 620. species associated with dog rose galls in Iran. Nikdel M, Sadaghian B, Dordaei A. (2004) Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 23(1): Collection and identification of brown-tail 107-108. moth’s natural enemies in Arasbaran forest. Rice RE, Michailides TJ (1988) Pistachio seed The Joint Agriculture and Natural Resouces chalcid Megastigmus pistaciae Walker Symposium, Tabriz - Ganja: 1-5. (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) in California, USA. Nikdel M, Sadaghian B, Dordaei AA, Askari H Journal Economic Entomology 81: 1446-1449. (2008) Identification, distribution and evaluation Roques A, Skrzypczynska M (2003) Seedinfesting of natural enemies associated with Euproctis chalcids of the genus Megastigmus Dalman, chrysorrhoea (Lep.: Lymantriidae) in Arasbaran 1820 (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) native and forests of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and introduced to the west Palaearctic region: Range Protection Research 5(2): 114-125. taxonomy, host specificity and distribution. Nikdel M, Lotfalizadeh H (2011) First report of Journal of Natural History 37: 127-238. Idiomacromerus balasi (Hym.: Torymidae), Saeidi K (2013) Hymenopterous pupal parasitoids parasitoids of a cecidomyiid gall midge in Iran. of Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi (Diptera: GHAHARI & DOĞANLAR 471

Tephritidae) in Kohgiloyeh safflower farms. Fabricius (Lep., Zygaenidae) from Iran. Proceedings of 2nd Global Conference on Entomologist’s Gazette 27: 215-220. Entomology, November 8-12, 2013, Kuching, Tremewan WG (1977) On Zygaena Fabricius Sarawak, Malaysia, p. 28. (Lep., Zygaenidae) collected in Iran in 1976. Saeidi K, Adam NA (2011) A survey on pest insect Entomologist’s Gazette 28: 223-227. fauna of safflower fields in the Iranian province Xu ZH, He JH (1995) Note on species of the of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad. African Journal phytophagous group of Megastigmus of Agricultural Research 6(19): 4441-4446. (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) from China. Samin N (2015) A faunistic study on some families Entomotaxonomia 17: 243-253. of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) from Iran. Zargaran MR, Sadeghi SE, Bakhshali Saatlo V, Arquivos Entomoloxicos 14: 119-124. Meloka G (2008) Identification of oak gallwasps Steffan JR (1968) Observations sur Chalcedectus parasitoides in West Azarbaijan. Proceedings of sinaiticus (MS.) et descriptions de C. 18th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 83. balachowskyi sp. n. (Hym. Chalcedectidae) Zargaran MR, Safaralizadeh MH, Pourmirza AA et d’Oopristus safavii gen. n., sp. n. (Hym. (2011) Local distribution and diversity of Torymidae), deux parasites d’importance Cynipid-induced galls in oak forests of Sardasht, économique en Iran. Entomophaga 13(3): 209- Iran. Biharean Biologist 5(1): 46-50. 216. Zarnegar A, Lotfalizadeh H, Gharali B (2008) Stojanova H, Ghahari H (2009) Checklists of Iranian The first report of Megastigmus bipunctatus Eurytomidae and Torymidae (Hymenoptera, (Swederus, 1795) (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) Chalcidoidea). Linzer biologische Beiträge from Iran. Proceedings of 18th Iranian Plant 41/1: 845-862. Protection Congress, p. 95. Tarla, Ş., Doğanlar, M. & Gözüaçık, C. (2010) Zerova MD, Seryogina LY (2008) A review of The species of Oopristus Steffan, 1968 palearctic species of the genus Pseuderimerus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae: Toryminae: (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) with a description Monodontomerini) of Turkey, with descriptions of one new species from Iran. Vestnik zoologii of two new species. Turkish Journal of Zoology 42(3): 42-44. 34(4): 487-495. Zerova MD, Seryogina LY, Karimpour Y (2008) New Tavakoli M, Melika G, Ebrahim Sadeghi S, Askew species of the chalcidoid wasps of the families RR, Stone GN, Barimani H, Aligholizadeh Eurytomidae and Torymidae (Hymenoptera, D, Dordaii AA, Yarmand H, Zargaran MR, Chalcidoidea) from Iran. Vestnik Zoologii 42(6): Mozafarian S (2010) Parasitoid communities 489-496. (Chalcidoidea) of oak gallwasps of Iran Zoebelein G (1966) Probleme der Bekämpfung (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Proceedings of 7th schädlicher Insekten in der Landwirtschaft im International Congress of Hymenopterists, 20- Iran. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde 39: 3-8. 26 June 2010, K_szeg, Hungary, pp. 115-116. Zohdi H, Ebrahimi SJ, Shekarcheian A (2016) Study Tatogh A, Lotfalizadeh H, Rakhshani E (2008) on altitude in abandance of Eurytoma platnikovi Occurence of Podagrionella caudata Narendran, (Hym.: Eurytomidae) and Megastigmus 1994 (Hym.: Torymidae), an oothecal parasitoid pistaciae (Hym.: Torymidae) in wild pistachio of the mantids in Iran. Proceedings of 18th forest of khabr and Dehbekri in Kerman Iranian Plant Protection Congress, p. 64. province. Proceedings of 22nd Iranian Plant Tremewan WG (1976) Further notes on Zygaena Protection Congress, p. 590. 472 Iranian Torymidae

Figure 2. Species diversity of Iranian Torymidae (Hymenoptera).

Figure 3. Number of reported species of Iranian Torymidae by province.