DOCSLIB.ORG

Ecology and Integrated Pest Management of the Carrot Rust Fly (Psila Rosae (Fabricius, 1794)), in the Holland Marsh, Ontario

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ecology and Integrated Pest Management of the Carrot Rust Fly (Psila Rosae (Fabricius, 1794)), in the Holland Marsh, Ontario Ecology and Integrated Pest Management of the Carrot Rust Fly (Psila rosae (Fabricius, 1794)), in the Holland Marsh, Ontario by Jason Lemay A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Plant Agriculture Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Jason Lemay, December, 2016 ABSTRACT Ecology and Integrated Pest Management of the Carrot Rust Fly (Psila rosae (Fabricius, 1794)), in the Holland Marsh, Ontario Jason Paul Lemay Advisors: University of Guelph, 2016 Professor M.R. McDonald Professor C. Scott-Dupree This thesis is an investigation of the ecobiology and integrated pest management (IPM) of the carrot rust fly (Psila rosae) (CRF) in the Holland Marsh, Ontario. The Holland Marsh is a major carrot producing area in North America. Carrot rust fly is a serious pest of carrots. An IPM program for CRF is used within the Holland Marsh. Published CRF rearing procedures were found to be inadequately detailed. Improvements to the procedure were identified. Various insecticides, including seed treatments, in-furrow, and post- emergent, were evaluated for their effectiveness to control CRF. No conclusions could be made on their effectiveness due to low pest pressure. The natural enemy species composition in the Holland Marsh was determined and known CRF and carrot weevil natural enemies were identified. The IPM program used in the Holland Marsh was not found to be detrimental to the natural enemy species richness or abundance. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisors, Drs. Mary Ruth McDonald and Cynthia Scott-Dupree for their continued assistance during this project, for challenging me to continue when things were not going well. I would also like to thank my advisory committee member, Dr. Stephen Marshall for his guidance and assistance, especially for help identifying natural enemies of carrot rust fly and providing me with the incredible photographs of carrot rust fly and associated natural enemies. To Dr. Guy Boivin of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and his research assistant, Julie Frenette, I cannot thank you enough for generously sending me carrot rust fly larvae, twice. I would like to thank Dr. Alan Taylor of Cornell University, for preparing the insecticidal seed treatments used during this research. For the invaluable assistance maintaining our many research plots over the past two summers, as well as all their technical support, I would like to thank Kevin Vander Kooi, Dennis Van Dyke, Laura Riches, Shawn Janse, and the rest of the Muck Crop Research Station staff. A special thanks to Zach Telfer, who I worked closely with the past two years on everything from managing field trials to sharing committee meetings. To my lab mates Andrew McLean and Selasi Tayviah, thank you for your help with statistics, and always being there to talk. To Dr. Fadi Al-Daoud, for taking your time to show me DNA extraction and PCR techniques, and for always listening to me tell you why the Leafs suck, or why the Blue Jays won’t re-sign Bautista. As well as to the rest of the McDonald and Scott- Dupree labs, you were all great to work with, and have made the last two years enjoyable. And finally, to my girlfriend, Andrea, and my family, thank you for listening to me complain incessantly over the past two years when my research was a burden, and always being the pillar of support I needed to not quit this project. I know I would not be here without you. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES, ILLUSTRATIONS, PLATES...................................................................... ix LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS, OR NOMENCLATURE ......................................... xi Chapter 1 Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Biology and Behaviour..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Life Cycle and Development............................................................................................ 3 1.3.1 Egg: ........................................................................................................................... 6 1.3.2 Larva: ........................................................................................................................ 6 1.3.3 Pupa: ......................................................................................................................... 8 1.3.4 Adult: ........................................................................................................................ 9 1.4 Distribution and Pest Status ........................................................................................... 10 1.5 Integrated Pest Management .......................................................................................... 11 1.5.1 Monitoring and Thresholds ..................................................................................... 13 1.5.2 Forecasting models ................................................................................................. 14 1.5.3 Genetic Control ....................................................................................................... 14 1.5.4 Cultural Control ...................................................................................................... 16 1.5.5 Physical Control ...................................................................................................... 18 1.5.6 Biological Control ................................................................................................... 18 1.5.7 Biopesticide Control ............................................................................................... 20 1.5.8 Chemical Control .................................................................................................... 20 1.6 Research Objectives ....................................................................................................... 22 Chapter 2 Weather – Carrot Rust Fly Relationship ................................................................. 25 2.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 25 2.2 Methods: ......................................................................................................................... 26 2.3 Results: ........................................................................................................................... 27 2.4 Discussion: ..................................................................................................................... 31 Chapter 3 Chemical Control of Carrot Rust Fly ...................................................................... 37 v 3.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 37 3.2 Methods: ......................................................................................................................... 40 3.2.1 Experimental design: .............................................................................................. 40 3.2.2 Insecticide treatments: ............................................................................................ 43 3.2.3 Harvest and Assessment: ........................................................................................ 52 3.2.4 Statistical analysis: .................................................................................................. 53 3.3 Results: ........................................................................................................................... 53 3.3.1 IPM program evaluation: ........................................................................................ 55 3.3.2 Seed treatment:........................................................................................................ 56 3.3.3 In-furrow application: ............................................................................................. 57 3.3.4 Post-emergent Application: .................................................................................... 57 3.3.5 Synergist Application: ............................................................................................ 58 3.3.6 Planting Date:.......................................................................................................... 58 3.4 Discussion: ..................................................................................................................... 59 3.5 Conclusion:..................................................................................................................... 64 Chapter 4 Survey for Ground-Dwelling Natural Enemies of Carrot Rust Fly ........................ 66 4.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 66 4.2 Methods: ........................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diptera: Psilidae)
    Eur. J. Entomol. 103: 183–192, 2006 ISSN 1210-5759 The identity of Pseudopsila, description of a new subgenus of Psila, and redefinition of Psila sensu lato (Diptera: Psilidae) MATTHIAS BUCK and STEPHEN A. MARSHALL Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Psila, Xenopsila, Pseudopsila, Psilidae, phylogeny, redefinition, subgenera, key, new synonymy, new subgenus, New World, morphology, male genitalia, egg Abstract. The type species of Pseudopsila Johnson, P. fallax (Loew), and two related species are found to belong in Psila s. str., and Pseudopsila is thus synonymized with Psila Meigen. The remaining species formerly included in Pseudopsila form a monophyletic group here described as Xenopsila Buck subgen. n. [i.e., Psila (Xenopsila) collaris Loew comb. n., P. (X.) bivittata Loew comb. n., P. (X.) lateralis Loew comb. n., P. (X.) arbustorum Shatalkin comb. n., P. (X.) nemoralis Shatalkin comb. n., P. (X.) tetrachaeta (Shatalkin) comb. n., P. (X.) maculipennis (Frey) comb. n., P. (X.) nigricollis (Frey) comb. n., P. (X.) nigrohumera (Wang & Yang) comb. n.]. A key to the Nearctic species of Xenopsila and the Psila fallax-group is provided. The placement of Xenopsila in Psila s. l. is confirmed by newly recognised synapomorphies of the egg stage. The somewhat questionable monophyly of Psila s. l. is con- firmed based on these new synapomorphies, thereby slightly expanding its taxonomic limits to also include Asiopsila Shatalkin. The morphology of the male genitalia of Xenopsila is discussed in detail, clarifying confused homologies and character polarities in the hypandrial complex. Evolutionary trends in the development of the hypandrium in the subfamily Psilinae are discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing Carrot Rust Fly
    A Monthly Report on Pesticides and Related Environmental Issues March 2003 • Issue No. 203 • http://aenews.wsu.edu Managing Carrot Rust Fly In Search of Alternatives for a Tough Customer Dr. David Muehleisen, Andrew Bary, Dr. Craig Cogger, Dr. Carol Miles, Amanda Johnson and Dr. Marcia Ostrom, WSU, and Terry Carkner, Terry’s Berries Organic Farm The State of Washington is the number one producer of processing carrots in the United States and the fourth largest producer of fresh market carrots (Washington Agricultural Statistics Service 2001). This accounts for 33% of the processed carrots and almost 4% of the fresh carrots produced in the nation. Carrot production generated $29.8 million dollars for Washington State in 2000 (Sorensen 2000). The leading carrot-producing counties are Benton and Franklin in the eastern part of the state and Cowlitz and Skagit west of the Cascade Mountains. As of 2000 Washington had 5000 acres of processing carrots and 3000 acres of fresh market carrots (Sorensen 2000). Approximately 2% of the carrots grown in Washington were grown organically (Sorensen 2000). About the Pest Arguably the most important pest of carrots, particularly on the western side of the state, is the carrot rust fly (Psila rosae Fabricius) (Figure 1, a and b). The rust fly adult is about 6-8 mm long with a shiny black thorax and abdomen, a reddish-brown head, and yellow legs. The adult female lays its eggs in the soil at the base of the carrot. Six to ten days later the larva hatches and feeds on the carrot root, rendering the carrots impossible to market.
    [Show full text]
  • Drosophila | Other Diptera | Ephemeroptera
    NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY ARCHIVED FILE Archived files are provided for reference purposes only. This file was current when produced, but is no longer maintained and may now be outdated. Content may not appear in full or in its original format. All links external to the document have been deactivated. For additional information, see http://pubs.nal.usda.gov. United States Department of Agriculture Information Resources on the Care and Use of Insects Agricultural 1968-2004 Research Service AWIC Resource Series No. 25 National Agricultural June 2004 Library Compiled by: Animal Welfare Gregg B. Goodman, M.S. Information Center Animal Welfare Information Center National Agricultural Library U.S. Department of Agriculture Published by: U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service National Agricultural Library Animal Welfare Information Center Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Contact us : http://awic.nal.usda.gov/contact-us Web site: http://awic.nal.usda.gov Policies and Links Adult Giant Brown Cricket Insecta > Orthoptera > Acrididae Tropidacris dux (Drury) Photographer: Ronald F. Billings Texas Forest Service www.insectimages.org Contents How to Use This Guide Insect Models for Biomedical Research [pdf] Laboratory Care / Research | Biocontrol | Toxicology World Wide Web Resources How to Use This Guide* Insects offer an incredible advantage for many different fields of research. They are relatively easy to rear and maintain. Their short life spans also allow for reduced times to complete comprehensive experimental studies. The introductory chapter in this publication highlights some extraordinary biomedical applications. Since insects are so ubiquitous in modeling various complex systems such as nervous, reproduction, digestive, and respiratory, they are the obvious choice for alternative research strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Host-Plant Acceptance by the Carrot Fly: Some Underlying Mechanisms and the Relationship to Host-Plant Suitability
    HOST-PLANT ACCEPTANCE BY THE CARROT FLY: SOME UNDERLYING MECHANISMS AND THE RELATIONSHIP TO HOST-PLANT SUITABILITY Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Würde eines Doktors der Philosophie vorgelegt der Philosophisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Basel von Thomas Degen aus Oberwil BL Basel, 1998 Genehmigt von der Philosophisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät auf Antrag von Herrn Professor Dr. Thomas Boller, Frau Professor Dr. Martine Rowell-Rahier und Herrn Dr. Erich Städler Basel, den 29. April 1997 Prof. Dr. Stephen C. Stearns Dekan Ψ - la Bohème Psiladies, you don’t adore the perfume of roses as anyone who knows just your name inevitably supposes. Instead you better like to smell with your antennal noses the scents of those humble umbel bearers even in minute doses. They unwillingly attract you with these essences meant as defences against their adversaries, but you – malign – use all your senses to find your victims far or close: olfaction as well as vision, and no surprise if also taste is involved in your decision. But may the how of the latter still be mysterious to us the why of your choosiness is even more so – alas! Of course, as mothers you are supposed to bother first of all about your progeny’s nutritional need, as your child cannot easily move to another far away suitable host on which to feed. But mothers do not always know best, on some occasions you fail the test and lay some eggs beneath a root which is no good for your brood. But foliage is what you inspect and the access is only indirect to information about the part hidden in the soil, so it’s art to make the right selection based on your predilection.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 9 Biodiversity of Diptera
    Chapter 9 Biodiversity of Diptera Gregory W. Courtney1, Thomas Pape2, Jeffrey H. Skevington3, and Bradley J. Sinclair4 1 Department of Entomology, 432 Science II, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, DK – 2100 Copenhagen Denmark 3 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 Canada 4 Entomology – Ontario Plant Laboratories, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 Canada Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society, 1st edition. Edited by R. Foottit and P. Adler © 2009 Blackwell Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4051-5142-9 185 he Diptera, commonly called true flies or other organic materials that are liquified or can be two-winged flies, are a familiar group of dissolved or suspended in saliva or regurgitated fluid T insects that includes, among many others, (e.g., Calliphoridae, Micropezidae, and Muscidae). The black flies, fruit flies, horse flies, house flies, midges, adults of some groups are predaceous (e.g., Asilidae, and mosquitoes. The Diptera are among the most Empididae, and some Scathophagidae), whereas those diverse insect orders, with estimates of described of a few Diptera (e.g., Deuterophlebiidae and Oestridae) richness ranging from 120,000 to 150,000 species lack mouthparts completely, do not feed, and live for (Colless and McAlpine 1991, Schumann 1992, Brown onlyabrieftime. 2001, Merritt et al. 2003). Our world tally of more As holometabolous insects that undergo complete than 152,000 described species (Table 9.1) is based metamorphosis, the Diptera have a life cycle that primarily on figures extracted from the ‘BioSystematic includes a series of distinct stages or instars.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Manipulation
    EPOK – Centre for Organic Food & Farming Rubrik 30/34 pt BertholdHabitat Akzidenz manipulation Bold – as a pest management tool in vegetable and fruit cropping systems, with the focus on insects and mites Ulf Nilsson, Mario Porcel, Weronika Świergiel & Maria Wivstad www.slu.se/epok/english Habitat manipulation – as a pest management tool in vegetable and fruit cropping systems, with the focus on insects and mites Year of publication: 2016, Uppsala Publisher: SLU, EPOK – Centre for Organic Food & Farming Lay-out & editing: Karin Ullvén, SLU, EPOK Printed at: Font: Akzidenz Grotesk & Bembo ISBN 978-91-576-9402-7 © SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Habitat manipulation – as a pest management tool in vegetable and fruit cropping systems, with the focus on insects and mites Foreword oday, there is increasing interest We also chose to include the outcomes of a work- among Swedish growers in biological di- shop on increasing diversity in apple orchards and Tversity within the agricultural landscape. interviews with advisors and vegetable growers to Many scientific studies have highlighted the ser- investigate the attitude and state of knowledge on vices performed by beneficial organisms, which habitat manipulation in Sweden today. We focus can help to improve the quantity and quality of on natural enemies, arthropod pests and practices crops. One tremendously important ecosystem applied at field scale, and therefore exclude appli- service is biological control of pest insects and mi- cations developed for greenhouse crops. Our hope tes. The question is what growers can actually do is that advisors and interested growers in particular to increase the abundance and diversity of natu- will find this report relevant and rewarding.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part VI: Daniel William Coquillett
    Zootaxa 4381 (1): 001–095 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4381.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B3C4355-AEF7-469B-BEB3-FFD9D02549EA ZOOTAXA 4381 Nomenclatural studies toward a World List of Diptera genus-group names. Part VI: Daniel William Coquillett NEAL L. EVENHUIS J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Bickel: 21 Dec. 2017; published: 19 Feb. 2018 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 NEAL L. EVENHUIS Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part VI: Daniel William Coquillett (Zootaxa 4381) 95 pp.; 30 cm. 19 Feb. 2018 ISBN 978-1-77670-308-1 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77670-309-8 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2018 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/j/zt © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 4381 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press EVENHUIS Table of contents Abstract . 3 Introduction . 4 Biography . 4 Early years . 5 Life in California. 7 Locusts . 9 Vedalia Beetles and Cyanide . 9 A Troubled Marriage . 11 Life and Work in Washington, D.C. 12 Trouble with Townsend. 14 Trouble with Dyar . 16 Later Years. 17 Note on Nomenclatural Habits .
    [Show full text]
  • The Potential for Decision Support Tools to Improve the Management of Root-Feeding Fly Pests of Vegetables in Western Europe
    insects Review The Potential for Decision Support Tools to Improve the Management of Root-Feeding Fly Pests of Vegetables in Western Europe Rosemary Collier 1,* , Dominique Mazzi 2, Annette Folkedal Schjøll 3, Quentin Schorpp 4, Gunda Thöming 3 , Tor J. Johansen 3, Richard Meadow 5, Nicolai V. Meyling 6 , Anne-Marie Cortesero 7, Ute Vogler 4, Michael T. Gaffney 8 and Martin Hommes 4 1 Warwick Crop Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, UK 2 Agroscope, Research Division Plant Protection, Müller-Thurgau-Strasse 29, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; [email protected] 3 Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway; [email protected] (A.F.S.); [email protected] (G.T.); [email protected] (T.J.J.) 4 Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Messeweg 11-12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; [email protected] (Q.S.); [email protected] (U.V.); [email protected] (M.H.) 5 Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; [email protected] 6 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; [email protected] 7 IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France; [email protected] 8 Horticultural Development Department, Teagasc, Ashtown, D15DY05 Dublin 15, Ireland; Michael.Gaff[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 5 May 2020; Accepted: 10 June 2020; Published: 13 June 2020 Abstract: Several important vegetable crops grown outdoors in temperate climates in Europe can be damaged by the root-feeding larvae of Diptera (Delia radicum, Delia floralis, Chamaepsila rosae, Delia platura, Delia florilega, Delia antiqua).
    [Show full text]
  • Presqu'ile Provincial Park
    PRESQU’ILE PROVINCIAL PARK One Malaise trap was deployed at Presqu’ile Provincial Park in 2014 (44.00914, -77.7424, 30m ASL). This trap collected arthropods for twenty weeks from May 5 – September 26, 2014. All 10 Malaise trap samples were processed using the bulk sample analysis protocol. A total of 2980 BINs were obtained. Over half the BINs captured were flies (Diptera), followed by bees, ants and wasps (Hymenoptera), moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera), and true bugs (Hemiptera; Figure 1). In total, 770 arthropod species were named, representing 29.3% of the BINs from the site (Appendix 1). All but 1 of the BINs were assigned at least to family, and 68.7% were assigned to a genus (Appendix 2). Specimens collected from Presqu’ile represent 200 different families and 805 genera. Figure 1. Taxonomy breakdown of BINs captured in the Malaise trap at Presqu’ile. APPENDIX 1. TAXONOMY REPORT Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Coleoptera Aderidae Elonus Elonus basalis Zonantes Zonantes fasciatus Anthicidae Notoxus Notoxus desertus Stereopalpus Stereopalpus vestitus Anthribidae Ormiscus Ormiscus walshii Brentidae Nanophyes Nanophyes marmoratus Cantharidae Atalantycha Atalantycha bilineata Atalantycha neglecta Malthodes Malthodes pumilus Podabrus Podabrus rugosulus Rhagonycha Rhaxonycha Rhaxonycha carolina Carabidae Cicindela Lebia Cerambycidae Urgleptes Urgleptes querci Chrysomelidae Altica Capraita Capraita subvittata Crepidodera Crepidodera heikertingeri Distigmoptera Distigmoptera borealis Page 1 of 42 Class Order Family Genus Species
    [Show full text]
  • ALLIED GENUS and a NEW SPECIES. by Cttarles W
    190] Johnson--A Revision of the Species of the Genus Loxocera 15 A REVISION OF THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LOXO- CERA, WITI-I A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW ALLIED GENUS AND A NEW SPECIES. BY CttARLES W. Jottiso, Boston Society of Natural History. Species based entirely on color, a character which further study proves to be very inconstant, are a source of considerable trouble to the studer;t. After a great deal of collecting, and a study of some 75 specimens including Loew's types, it seems apparent that Say's Loxocera cylindrica represents an extremely variable species, which for convenience and to more fully emphasize this variability might be divided into four varieties according to the following table. Table of Species. 1. Wings hyaline with the tips and posterior cross veins distinctly clouded cylindrica Say a. Anterior margin of the thorax, a dorsal line, humeri, and lateral lines, black var. cylindrica Say b. Anterior margin very broad, covering at least one-third of the thorax, a dorsal line, short lateral lines and about one- third of the anterior of the pleura, black var. pleuritica Loew c. Dorsal line, humeri, lateral margins and the upper half of the pleura, black var. pectoralis Loew d. Dorsal and lateral lines (sometimes obsolete) and a spot above the yellow humeri, black vat. obsoleta vat. nov. Wings brownish, without the apical clouding . Anterior third of the thorax black, dorsal and lateral lines want- ing; abdomen, except the sides of the first segment, black collaris Loew Anterior and lateral margins and a dorsal line on the thorax, black; abdomen except at the base red fumipennis Coq.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera: Psilidae) from Iran
    BIHAREAN BIOLOGIST 8 (2): 102-105 ©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2014 Article No.: 141118 http://biozoojournals.ro/bihbiol/index.html The first report of three genera and six species of rust flies (Diptera: Psilidae) from Iran Samad KHAGHANINIA* and Yaser GHARAJEDAGHI Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, P.O.Box: 51664, Tabriz, Iran. *Corresponding author, S. Khaghaninia, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 15. January 2014 / Accepted: 17. April 2014 / Available online: 18. July 2014 / Printed: December 2014 Abstract. Based on specimens collected from East Azerbaijan province during 2009-2013, six species belonged to four genera were recognized to occur in this region. Three genera and six species were recorded from Iran for the first time. Photos of adult habitus and key to the Iranian species of the rust flies are provided. Key words: Rust flies, Psilidae, New records, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Introduction collected during 2009-13. However, collection label data of the speci- mens are quoted. The Psilidae is a small family of the acalyptrate Diptera from Body length is measured from the base of the antenna to the tip of abdominal segment 7. The size of scale on figures is one millime- superfamily Diopsoidea with about 400 described species ter. belongs to three subfamilies (Belobackenbardia, Chylizinae Below locality and label data are quoted from collectors that and Psilinae) (Freidberg & Shatalkin 2008). found in the IMTU collection. The external morphology of the most Psilidae is rather Chyliza extenuata (Rossi, 1790): 2♂, 3♀, Qaradag forests, 38°51' N, remarkable that allows easily distinguishing them in a 46°52' E, 1770 m a.s.l., 20 June 2011, coll.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera Collected Near Boston, Mass., with Descriptions of a Variety of Bombus Affinis
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Ba Bee Lab 2-1-1920 Hymenoptera Collected Near Boston, Mass., with Descriptions of a Variety of Bombus affinis Joseph Bequaert Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_ba Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Bequaert, Joseph, "Hymenoptera Collected Near Boston, Mass., with Descriptions of a Variety of Bombus affinis" (1920). Ba. Paper 257. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_ba/257 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Bee Lab at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ba by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PSYCHE A JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY ESTABLISHED IN 187 4 VOL. XXVII FEBRUARY, 1920 NUMBER 1 Prodryaa peraephon• Scudder. CONTENTS Notes on Forest Insects. III. Two New Species of Pityophthorus from Colorado. M. W. Blackman . 1 Hymenoptera Collected near Boston, Mass., with Description of a Variety of Bombus ajfinis. J. Bequa,ert 6 The First Stage Larva of Cute-rebraamericana Fabr. (Diptera; Oestridre) G. F. Ftrris . 13 A Revision of the Species of the Genus Loxocera, with a Description of a New Allied Genus and a New Species. C. W. Johnson 15 Proceedlngs of the Cambridge Entomological Club 19 Exchange Column 21 CAMBRIDGE ENTOMOLOGICAL CLUB. OFFICERS FOR 1920. President C. A. FROST. Vice-president w. L. w. FIELD. Secretary J.C. EMERTON. Treasurer F. H. w ALKER. Executive Committee R. w. DENTON,L. w. SWETT, P. G. BOLSTER. EDITORIAL BOARD OF PSYCHE. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF. C. T. BRuEs, Harvard University. ASSOCIATE EDITORS.
    [Show full text]