Die Hymenopteren-Gattungen Stenophasmus Smith

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Die Hymenopteren-Gattungen Stenophasmus Smith [Berliner Entomolog. Zeitschrift Bd. XXXIII. 1889. Heft TI.] 197 Die Hymenopteren-Gattungen Stenophasiiius Smith, Monomachus Westw., Pelecinus Latr. und Megalyra Westw. monogrsphisch bearbeitet VOll Azcgust Xchletterer in Wien. -___ Hierzu Tafel 111. Me vorliegende Arbeit behandelt in monographischer Weise die Hymenopteren - Gattungeii Stenophasmus, Monornachus, PeZecinzGs und MegaZyra, welche von den Autoren ofters den Evaniiden zuge- theilt worden sind. Wie sich die Monographie der Gattung Stephanus an meine Evaniiden-Monographie schliesst (Annalen des kaiser]. na- turhistorischen Hofmuseums zu Wien, lSS9), so reiht sich diese Abhandlung wieder an meine Xtephanus-Arbeit. Wie Stephanus SO sind auch die vier in dieser Schrift behandelten Gattungen nicht zu den Evaniiden zu zlhlen, denn ihr Hinterleibstiel entspringt nicht oben am Mittelsegmente nachst dem Hinterrticken, wie dies fur die Evaniiden-Gruppe das bezeichnende Merkmal ist, sondern im Gegen- theile ganz hinten am Mittelsegmente nachst den1 Ursprunge der Hinterhtiften. Was die systematische Stellung der von mir in den drei betreffendeii Abhandlungen bearbeiteteil Gattungen anbelangt, so wage ich derzeit kein bestimmtes Urtheil zu fallen; es mtisste einem solchen jedenfalls ein eingehendes Studium der Ichneumoniden- und Braconiden-Gat,tnngen vorhergehen. Wenn ich schon vorlaufig meine Ansicht aussere, so mochte ich etwa folgende Anordnung treffen: Familie der Evaniidae mit den Gattungen Evan&, Gastemption und Aulacus (Hinterleibstiel oben am Mittelsegment nlchst dem Hinterriicken entspringend), Familie der Stephanidae mit den Gat- tungen Stephanus und Stenophnsmus (Fiihler mit zahlreichen - 30 bis 70 - Gliedern, Pelecinidae niit den Gattungen PeZecinus, Ophionellus und Monomachus (Hinterleib im weiblichen Geschlechte dtinn und stark verlangert, im mlnnlichen Geschlechte langgestielt und am Ende keulig erweitert - von OphionelZua ist das Mlnnchen 198 Aug. Schlettever: die Hymenopleren-Gattunyen unbekannt -, Ftihler 13- bis 15-gliederig1, und Megalyridae mit der einzigen Gattung Megalyra (Hinterleib ungestielt, der ganze Korper sehr gedrungen). Die unklare Beschreibung yon Leptofoenus gestattet mir keine auch nur muthmnssliche Deutung ; naheres lese man in der Bemerkung zu dieser Gattung. Sind mir auch von den Gattungen Ophionellus Wcstw. und Leptofoenzcs Smith keine Ver- treter vorgelegen, so hielt ich es doch fur angezeigt, wenigstens die betreffenden Beschreibungen, beziehungsweise die Abschrift des Ori- ginaltextes einzufugen und mit kritischen Bemerkungen zu begleiten weil eben diese Gattungen mit der von mir bearbeiteten Reihe von Gattungen in verwandtschaftliclieii Beziehungen stehen. Was die Anlage der Arbeit bctrifft, so hnbe ich genau dieselbe Form festgehalten, wie in meinen Eingangs erwahnten Arbeiten; es sind am Kopfe der einzelneii Gattungs- und brtbeschreibungen slmmt- liche Synonymen beziehungsweise Synonymenreihen angefiihrt, welche - beilaufig bemerkt - auf fleissigsm Studium und reiflicher Ueber- legung begrtindet sind, und am Sclilusse jencr vergleichende Bemer- kungen tiber die hauptsiichlichsten Uiiterscheidungsmerkmale hinsicht- lich iiachststehender Formen gemacht. Zur bequemeren Bestimmung der illolzomachus-Arten wurde cine Tiibelle eingefugt. Wenn ich die bereits in meineii frtiheren Arbeiten ausgesprochene Klage uber die Mangelhaftigkeit der Beschreibungen wiederhole, so beziehe ich dies ganz besonders auf die Westwood’scheii uiid Smith’schen Beschreibungen. Ueber die gaiiz untergeordnete Be- deutung der sehr veriinderlicheii Korperfarbung als Unterscheidungs- merkmal ist man unter den massgebenden Hymenopterologen heute volikommen im reinen; ich verweise diesbezuglich auf die Farben- sucht, mit der von den Autoren in der Gattung Pelecinus gewirth- schaftet worden ist und welche es zu Staiide gebracht hat, cine einzige Art unter nicht weniger denn zwolf verschiedenen Arten-Namen zu beschreiben. Bentitzt wurde zu der vorliegenden Arbeit das einschlagige Ma- terial des kaiserl. naturhistorischen Hofmuseunis zu Wien, der konigl. naturhistorischen Museen zu Berlin, Dresden, Munchen und Stuttgart, des ungarischen Nationalmuseums zu Budapest, der naturhistorischen Museen zu Genf und Hamburg, sowie das der Privatsammlungen der Semen H. de Saussure in Genf und W. Wtistnei in Sonderburg (Insel Alsen). Flir erhaltene Untersttitzung fuhle ich niich zum Dank verpflich- tet : der Intendanz des kaiserl. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums zu Wien und der Direktion der zoologischen Abtheilung dieses Museums, den Herren Kustoden Dr. M. von Brunn und Dr. Gottsche am Stenophamtcu, Monomuchua, Pelednus und Begalyra. 199 Hamburger naturhistorischen Museum, Dr. Hermann Dewi tz, Kustos am k8nigl. naturhistorischen Museum, Em i 1 Fr ey -Ge s s ner, Kustos am naturhistorischen Museum zu Genf, Dr. E. Hofmann, Kustos am kbnigl. Naturalien-Habinettc zu Stuttgart, Dr. Theodor Kirsch, Kustos am k8nigl. naturhistorischen Museum zu Dresden, meinem Freunde Franz Friedrich Kohl, Assistent am kaiserl. natur- historischen Hofmuseum zu Wien, Dr. Josef Kriechbanmer, Kustos am konigl. naturhistorischen Museum zu Mlinchen, Alexander M oc s ary , Adjunkt am ungarischen Nationalmuseum zu Budapest, Alois Rogenhofer, Kustos am kaiserl. naturhistorischenHofmuseum in Wien, €1. de Sanssure in Genf und Prof. W. Wtistnei in Son- derburg (Schleswig-Holstein). Die Literatur glaube ich erschi5pfend bentitzt zu hsben. Es seien hier nur diejenigen von mir beniitzten Abhandlungen und Werke nufgezahlt, wclche im Literatur-Verzeichnisse meiner Evaniiden-Arbeit als auf keine der drei Evaniiden-Gattungen Bezug habend nicht an- gefuhrt sind. Der iibrige, weitaus grossere Theil lllsst sich betref- fendcn Orts dem in geklirzter Form angegebenen Titel und ausserdem, weun es sich um weniger bekannte Werke hanilelk, dem besagten Literatur-Verzeichnisse entnehmen. Drur y, D. : ,Illustrations of natural history. Wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and twenty figures of exotic insects etc.” T. 11. London 1773. Erichs o n, W. F. : ,Beitrag zur Insekten-Fauna von Vandiemens- land niit bcsonderer Berucksichtigung der geographischen Verbrcitung der Insekten’ in Wiegmann’s Archiv far Natur- geschichte, Jahrg. 8, B. I. Berlin 1842. Klug, Fr., Dr.: ,,Die Arten der Gattung Pelecinusa in Germar’s Zeitschrift fiir die Entomologie, B. 111. Leipzig 1841. Latreille, P. A.: “Description d’un nouveau genre d’hsectes’ in Bulletin des sciences par la sociCt6 Philomatique, T. 11, H. 2. Paris 1801. - in Dictionnsire d’histoire naturelle, T. 111, Edit. 2. Paris 1817. Lucas, Hipolite: in Percheron, Ach., Dictionnaire pittoresque d‘histoire naturelle et des phknomcnes de la nature, T. 111. Paris 1835. Olivier, A. G.: Encyclop6die mkthodique, T. VII. Paris 1792. Pcrty, M.: Delectus animalium articulatorum, quae in itinere per Brasiliam annis 1817-1820 etc. Monachii 1830-1834. Philippi, R. A., Dr.: in EntomologischeZtg., Stettin, B. XXXI, 1873 200 Aug. Schletterer: die Eymenopteren-Gattungen Romand, B. E. de: AufsLtze in Magasin de Zoologie, d’anatomie comparke et de paleontologie par M. F. E, GuBrin-MBneville. Paris 1840-42. - Aufsatze in Revue zoologique par la SociQtB Cuvierienne etc. publib sous la direction de M. F. E. GuBrin-MBneville. Paris 1840-42. Smith, Fred.: in Journal 05 the Proceedings of the Linneam So- ciety. London 1859. - in Transactions of the entomological Society of London, T. I, Ser. 3. 1862. Spinola, Maximilian: AufsLtze in Magasin de Zoologie etc. par GuBrin-Mbneville. Paris 1840-42. - Aufsgtze in Revue zoologique etc. par GuBrin-MBneville. Pa- ris 1840-42. Genus Stenophasmus Smith. (azav& = angustus, Ipaupa = visum.) Stenophasmus Smith: Journ. Proc. Linn. SOC.London. T. 111, p.169 . , . 1859 Caput globosum, genis perspicuis, occipite brevi, margine occipitali postico sinaplici vet subacuto, oculis rotundis atgue ocellis in triangulum dispositis. Mandibulae subgrandes intus incon- sppicue denticulatae. Palpi maxillares articulis quinque, patpi labiales articzclis qzcatuor. Antennae articulis circiter septuaginta, perlongae et corpus longitudine superantes, jliformes et scapo incraesato brevigue (Tab. 111, fig. 5 et 6). Pronotum mbgrande. Meeonotum in tres partes sulcis cre- nulatis seperatas divisum, in partes laterales minores et partem anticam mediamgue, productam. Mesopleurae sternum versus sulco longitudinali cvenulato, superne posticeque fovea longitudi- nali plus minus conspicua. Scutellztm trianptare sutura me- nulata circumdatum. Metanotum lateraliter dilatatum et rugoso- foveatum. Segmentum medianum sulco leui transverso a metanoto separatum. Metapleurae a segment0 mediano plus minus incon- spicue separatae. Femora Aaud dentata, tibiae posticae calcaribus parvis instructae, tarsi quinque-articulati in d et Q . Abdomen segmentis octo in d et 9, procerum, infra planurn vel concavum, supra conuexum, antice rugosum, postice laevi-nitidecm vel opacum et cluvalum. Feminae terebru longa. Alae valde iridescentes et plus minus aflcmatae; in ala an- tics extra uenam basalem exstant cellulae radialis ma,qnae, ac- bitalis duae, discoiclalis prima et soibmetliales interna et externa &enophasmtis, ~onomachzce,Pelecinzis, Megalyra. 201 (Tab. 111, fig. 1) ; interdurn vena discoidalis transversa exstincta (Tab. 111, fig. 2). Alae posticae innervntio (Tab. 111, fig. 3). - Corpus nigro-rufescens et plus minus fortitel. pubescens. Kopf annaherungsweise kugelig. Wangen immer deutlich ent- wickelt. Kopfhinterrand einfach oder leicht leistenfijrmig gescharft. Hinterkopf kurz. Netzaugen so ziemlich kugelig. Die drei
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