(C.750-546 BC) 06 20. Late Archaic P

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

(C.750-546 BC) 06 20. Late Archaic P CHAPTER THREE 21. Classical Period (479-323 BC) Philomelus. Onomarchus Greece Delian League (478-454 BC) 26 Phayllus. Eubulus and Demosthenes 66 Contents Cimon Chalcidian League. Defeat of Phocis Physical 02 Third Messenian War. Pericles. Egypt 27 Philip in Eastern Thrace 68 Prehistory 03 First Peloponnesian War (c.460-446 BC) Fourth Sacred War Early Battles Chaeronea 69 17. Bronze Age (c.3000-c.1100 BC) Sparta. After the Truce 28 League of Corinth. Death of Philip Cycladic Civilization (c.3000-c.1100 BC) Thirty Years' Treaty (446-431 BC) Western Greeks (367-331 BC) Minoan Civilization (c.3650-c.1100 BC) Samian Revolt 29 Dionysius II Helladic Period (c.2800-c.1100 BC) 04 Acarnanian Alliance. Corinth-Corcyra War Timeleon 70 Mycenaean Civilization Megarian Decree. Battle of Potidaea Alexander I of Molossia 71 Troy (c.3000-1st Century BC) 05 Incident at Plataea. Pentecontaetia 30 Alexander III of Macedon (r.336-323 BC) Western Greeks (c.580-446 BC) Rebellion of the Greek states Campaigns in Thrace and Illyria 72 18. Dark Age (c.1100-c.750 BC) Phoenicians/Carthaginians. Etruscans. Ducetius Alliances with Athens 31 Haemus, Lyginus, Peuce, Getae, Pelium Dorian Greeks (c.1100-c.1000 BC) Second Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC) Destruction of Thebes Migrations to Asia Minor (c.1050-c.950 BC) Archidamian War (431-421 BC) Campaign in Asia Minor 73 Aegina Granicus. Miletus. Halicarnassus 19. Early Archaic P. (c.750-546 BC) 06 Plague in Athens 32 Battle of Issus 74 Homer (c.750 BC). Hesiod (c.700 BC) Plataea, Spartolus, Stratus, Rhium, Naupactus Conquest of Levant and Egypt Rise of the Polis (c.800-c.500 BC) 07 Mytilene 33 Siege of Tyre Colonial Expansion (c.750-c.550 BC) Corcyra 34 Siege of Gaza. Egypt 75 Orientalizing Period (c.720-c.620 BC) Tanagra, Aegitium, Olpae, Idomene Revolt of Agis III Panhellenism. Tyranny 08 Pylos, Sphacteria, Solygeia 36 Defeat of Persia Northern Greece Megara, Delium Gaugamela Thrace (Seuthopolis) Scione, Laodocium 37 Uxian Defile. Persian Gates 76 Macedonia (Aegae, Pella). Thessaly (Larissa) Death of Darius III Epirus (Ambracia) 09 Amphipolis 38 Interlude (421-413 BC) Subjugation of the Eastern Satrapies 77 Central Greece Peace of Nicias Parthia, Hyrcania. Aria Acarnania (Stratus). Aetolia (Thermum) Drangiana, Arachosia. Bactria. Doris. Malis (Lamia). Locris Alliance: Athens-Argos-Elis-Mantinea 39 Sogdiana 78 Phocis (Delphi). Boeotia (Thebes) Epidaurus. Mantinea. Hysaie Invasion of India 79 Attica (Athens) 10 Melos 40 Cophen. Indus Cylon. Draco. Solon Sicilian Expedition 41 Return to Persia 80 Pisistratus and his Sons. Cleisthenes 11 Decelean (=Ionian) War (413-404 BC) 42 Panormus, Miletus, Chios, Syme 43 Death of Alexander 81 Aegina (Is) 12 Euboea (Chalcis, Eretria) Eretria, Cynossema, Abydos 44 22. Hellenistic Period (323-146 BC) Southern Greece (=Peloponnese) Cyzicus 46 Pylos, Cerata. Byzantium 47 Rebellion in Greece Megaris (Megara) Lamian War Corinthia (Corinth) 13 Abdera, Thasos. Diadochian Wars 82 Notium, Arginusae 48 Sicyon Cappadocia, Egypt, Nora Achaea (Patras). Elis (Olympia) Aegospotami, Fall of Athens 49 Paraitacene, Gabiene. Gaza 83 Arcadia (Megalopolis) 14 Second Sicilian War (410-367 BC) Salamis, Rhodes, Ipsus 84 Argolis (Argos). Laconia (Sparta) Carthage. Syracuse 50 Sicily and Italy 85 Messenia (Messene) 15 Dionysian Wars (4) 51 Antigonid Era 86 Cyclades Spartan Hegemony (404-386 BC) 52 Gonatas Naxos (Is) Thirty Tyrants Aetolian and Achaean Leagues Paros (Is). Delos (Is) 16 Civil War in Attica. Sparta's War with Elis 53 Aetolicus 87 Eastern Aegean Cyrus the Younger's Rebellion Doson Ionia Sparta's Expeditions to Asia Minor 54 Cleomenes III. Roman-Illyrian Wars Chios (Is). Samos (Is) Thibron. Dercyllidas. Agesilaus Philip V Miletus. Ephesus. Smyrna 17 Corinthian War 55 Social War. First Macedonian War 88 Phocaea 18 Haliartus. Nemea, Cnidus, Coronea Cretan War Aeolis Later Events 56 Nabis. Second Macedonian War 89 Lesbos (Is) Peace of Antalcidas 57 Antiochus III Black Sea Decline of Sparta (386-371 BC) Perseus 90 Sinope. Trapezus. Olbia Cyprus and Egypt Southern Italy Mantinea and Phlius 58 End of Greek Independence Ischia (Pithecusae) Chalcidian League Cumae. Sybaris and Croton 19 Spartans capture the Cadmea 23. Roman Period (146-00-395) 91 Sicily Theban-Spartan War Sulla. Julius Caesar. Mark Antony Syracuse. Gela Second Athenian Alliance 59 Augustus. Nero. Hadrian. Diocletian 92 North Africa Peace of Callistratus Theodosius I Cyrene Battle of Leuctra 60 Goths Theban Hegemony (371-362 BC) 20. Late Archaic P. (546-479 BC) 20 Peloponnese 24. Byzantine Period (395-1453) 93 Advance of Persia (546-c.511 BC) Northern Greece 61 Huns. Slavs and Avars. Bulgarians Developments in Warfare Shifting Alliances. Eastern Aegean Normans. Crusaders Chariots. Hoplites. Warships Battle of Cynoscephalae. Battle of Mantinea 62 Ottoman Turks 94 Wall Fortification 21 Satraps' Revolt 63 Collapse of the Leading Powers Persian Wars (499-449 BC) Index Ionian Revolt Northern Greece. People 95 Marathon 22 Social War Places 99 Thermopylae and Artemisium 23 Philip II of Macedon (r.359-336 BC) 64 Other 106 Salamis. Plataea and Mycale 24 Philip in the North Chronology 110 First Sicilian War (480 BC) 25 Third Sacred War 65 Lists of Rulers and Leaders 116- 121 © antiquityplus.com 2018 3001 .
Recommended publications
  • The Satrap of Western Anatolia and the Greeks
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Eyal Meyer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Meyer, Eyal, "The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2473. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Abstract This dissertation explores the extent to which Persian policies in the western satrapies originated from the provincial capitals in the Anatolian periphery rather than from the royal centers in the Persian heartland in the fifth ec ntury BC. I begin by establishing that the Persian administrative apparatus was a product of a grand reform initiated by Darius I, which was aimed at producing a more uniform and centralized administrative infrastructure. In the following chapter I show that the provincial administration was embedded with chancellors, scribes, secretaries and military personnel of royal status and that the satrapies were periodically inspected by the Persian King or his loyal agents, which allowed to central authorities to monitory the provinces. In chapter three I delineate the extent of satrapal authority, responsibility and resources, and conclude that the satraps were supplied with considerable resources which enabled to fulfill the duties of their office. After the power dynamic between the Great Persian King and his provincial governors and the nature of the office of satrap has been analyzed, I begin a diachronic scrutiny of Greco-Persian interactions in the fifth century BC.
    [Show full text]
  • The Thermopylae Line
    CHAPTER 6 THE THERMOPYLAE LINE ENERAL Wavell arrived in Athens on the 19th April and immediately e Gheld a conference at General Wilson's quarters . Although an effectiv decision to embark the British force from Greece had been made on a higher level in London, the commanders on the spot now once agai n deeply considered the pros and cons . The Greek Government was unstable and had suggested that the British force should depart in order to avoid further devastation of the country. It was unlikely that the Greek Army of Epirus could be extricated and some of its senior officers were urging sur- render. General Wilson considered that his force could hold the Ther- mopylae line indefinitely once the troops were in position.l "The arguments in favour of fighting it out, which [it] is always better to do if possible, " wrote Wilson later,2 "were : the tying up of enemy forces, army and air , which would result therefrom ; the strain the evacuation would place o n the Navy and Merchant Marine ; the effect on the morale of the troops and the loss of equipment which would be incurred . In favour of with- drawal the arguments were : the question as to whether our forces in Greece could be reinforced as this was essential ; the question of the maintenance of our forces, plus the feeding of the civil population ; the weakness of our air forces with few airfields and little prospect of receiving reinforcements ; the little hope of the Greek Army being able to recover its morale . The decision was made to withdraw from Greece ." The British leaders con- sidered that it was unlikely that they would be able to take out any equip- ment except that which the troops carried, and that they would be lucky "to get away with 30 per cent of the force" .
    [Show full text]
  • The Greek World
    THE GREEK WORLD THE GREEK WORLD Edited by Anton Powell London and New York First published 1995 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003. Disclaimer: For copyright reasons, some images in the original version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook. Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 First published in paperback 1997 Selection and editorial matter © 1995 Anton Powell, individual chapters © 1995 the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Greek World I. Powell, Anton 938 Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data The Greek world/edited by Anton Powell. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Greece—Civilization—To 146 B.C. 2. Mediterranean Region— Civilization. 3. Greece—Social conditions—To 146 B.C. I. Powell, Anton. DF78.G74 1995 938–dc20 94–41576 ISBN 0-203-04216-6 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-16276-5 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-415-06031-1 (hbk) ISBN 0-415-17042-7 (pbk) CONTENTS List of Illustrations vii Notes on Contributors viii List of Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 Anton Powell PART I: THE GREEK MAJORITY 1 Linear
    [Show full text]
  • Heraklion (Greece)
    Research in the communities – mapping potential cultural heritage sites with potential for adaptive re-use – Heraklion (Greece) The island of Crete in general and the city of Heraklion has an enormous cultural heritage. The Arab traders from al-Andalus (Iberia) who founded the Emirate of Crete moved the island's capital from Gortyna to a new castle they called rabḍ al-ḫandaq in the 820s. This was Hellenized as Χάνδαξ (Chándax) or Χάνδακας (Chándakas) and Latinized as Candia, the Ottoman name was Kandiye. The ancient name Ηράκλειον was revived in the 19th century and comes from the nearby Roman port of Heracleum ("Heracles's city"), whose exact location is unknown. English usage formerly preferred the classicizing transliterations "Heraklion" or "Heraclion", but the form "Iraklion" is becoming more common. Knossos is located within the Municipality of Heraklion and has been called as Europe's oldest city. Heraklion is close to the ruins of the palace of Knossos, which in Minoan times was the largest centre of population on Crete. Knossos had a port at the site of Heraklion from the beginning of Early Minoan period (3500 to 2100 BC). Between 1600 and 1525 BC, the port was destroyed by a volcanic tsunami from nearby Santorini, leveling the region and covering it with ash. The present city of Heraklion was founded in 824 by the Arabs under Abu Hafs Umar. They built a moat around the city for protection, and named the city rabḍ al-ḫandaq, "Castle of the Moat", Hellenized as Χάνδαξ, Chandax). It became the capital of the Emirate of Crete (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Ottoman Macedonia (Late 14Th – Late 17Th Century)
    VI. Ottoman Macedonia (late 14th – late 17th century) by Phokion Kotzageorgis 1. The Ottoman conquest The Ottoman period in Macedonia begins with the region’s conquest in the late 14th cen- tury.1 The Ottoman victory against the combined Serb forces at Çirmen in Evros in 1371 was the turning point that permitted the victors to proceed with ease towards the west and, around a decade later, to cross the river Nestos and enter the geographic region of Mace- donia. 1383 marked their first great victory in Macedonia, the fall of the important administrative centre of Serres.2 By the end of the century all the strategically important Macedonian cities had been occupied (Veroia, Monastir, Vodena, Thessaloniki).3 The process by which the city of Thessaloniki was captured was somewhat different than for the others: it was initially given to the Ottomans in 1387 – after a siege of four years – and re- mained autonomous for a period. In 1394 it was fully incorporated into the Ottoman state, only to return to Byzantine hands in 1403 with the agreement they made with the Otto- mans, drawn up after the (temporary) collapse of the Ottoman state.4 In 1423 the Byzantine governor of the city, Andronikos Palaiologos, handed it over to the Venetians, and the en- suing Venetian period in Thessaloniki lasted for seven years. On 29 March 1430, the Ottoman regiments under Murad II raided and occupied the city, incorporating it fully into their state.5 Ioannis Anagnostis, eyewitness to Thessaloniki’s fall, described the moment at which the Ottomans entered the city:6 Because in those parts they found a number of our people, pluckier than the others and with large stones, they threw them down, along with the stairways, and killed many of them.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ottoman-Venetian Border (15Th-18Th Centuries)
    Hilâl. Studi turchi e ottomani 5 — The Ottoman-Venetian Border (15th-18th Centuries) Maria Pia Pedani Edizioni Ca’Foscari The Ottoman-Venetian Border (15th-18th Centuries) Hilâl Studi turchi e ottomani Collana diretta da Maria Pia Pedani Elisabetta Ragagnin 5 Edizioni Ca’Foscari Hilâl Studi turchi e ottomani Direttori | General editors Maria Pia Pedani (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Elisabetta Ragagnin (Freie Universität, Berlin) Comitato scientifico | Advisory board Bülent Arı (TBMM Milli Saraylar, Müzecilik ve Tanıtım BaŞkanı, İstanbul, Türkiye) Önder Bayır (TC BaŞbakanlık Devlet ArŞivi Daire Başkanlığı, Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı, İstanbul, Türkiye) Dejanirah Couto (École Pratique des Hautes Études «EPHE», Paris, France) Mehmet Yavuz Erler (Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun, Türkiye) Fabio Grassi ( «La Sapienza» Università di Roma, Italia) Figen Güner Dilek (Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye) Stefan Hanß (University of Cambridge, UK) Baiarma Khabtagaeva (Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Magyarország) Nicola Melis (Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italia) Melek Özyetgin (Yildiz Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye) Cristina Tonghini (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Direzione e redazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Dipartimento di Studi sull’Asia sull’Africa mediterranea Sezione Asia Orientale e Antropologia Palazzo Vendramin dei Carmini Dorsoduro 3462 30123 Venezia http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/collane/hilal/ The Ottoman-Venetian Border (15th-18th Centuries) Maria Pia Pedani translated by Mariateresa Sala Venezia Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing 2017 The Ottoman-Venetian Border (15th-18th Centuries) Maria Pia Pedani © 2017 Maria Pia Pedani for the text © 2017 Mariateresa Sala for the translation © 2017 Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing for the present edition Qualunque parte di questa pubblicazione può essere riprodotta, memorizzata in un sistema di recupero dati o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o con qualsiasi mezzo, elettronico o meccanico, senza autorizzazione, a condizione che se ne citi la fonte.
    [Show full text]
  • Edizione Scaricabile
    Mediterranea n. 34 (cop)_Copertina n. 34 21/07/15 19:19 Pagina 1 0Prime_1 06/08/15 18:51 Pagina 255 0Prime_1 06/08/15 18:51 Pagina 256 0Prime_1 06/08/15 18:51 Pagina 257 n° 34 Agosto 2015 Anno XII 0Prime_1 06/08/15 18:51 Pagina 258 Direttore: Orazio Cancila Responsabile: Antonino Giuffrida Comitato scientifico: Bülent Arı, Maurice Aymard, Franco Benigno, Henri Bresc, Rossella Cancila, Federico Cresti, Antonino De Francesco, Gérard Delille, Salvatore Fodale, Enrico Iachello, Olga Katsiardi-Hering, Salvatore Lupo, María Ángeles Pérez Samper, Guido Pescosolido, Paolo Preto, Luis Ribot Garcia, Mustafa Soykut, Marcello Verga, Bartolomé Yun Casalilla Segreteria di Redazione: Amelia Crisantino, Nicola Cusumano, Fabrizio D'Avenia, Matteo Di Figlia, Valentina Favarò, Daniele Palermo, Lavinia Pinzarrone Direzione, Redazione e Amministrazione: Cattedra di Storia Moderna Dipartimento Culture e Società Viale delle Scienze, ed. 12 - 90128 Palermo Tel. 091 23899308 [email protected] online sul sito www.mediterranearicerchestoriche.it Il presente numero a cura di Maria Pia Pedani è pubblicato con il contributo dell'Associazione di Studi Storici 'Muda di Levante' Mediterranea - ricerche storiche ISSN: 1824-3010 (stampa) ISSN: 1828-230X (online) Registrazione n. 37, 2/12/2003, della Cancelleria del Tribunale di Palermo Iscrizione n. 15707 del Registro degli Operatori di Comunicazione Copyright © Associazione no profit “Mediterranea” - Palermo I fascicoli a stampa di "Mediterranea - ricerche storiche" sono disponibili presso la NDF (www.newdigitalfrontiers.com), che ne cura la distribuzione: selezionare la voce "Mediterranea" nella sezione "Collaborazioni Editoriali". In formato digitale sono reperibili sul sito www.mediterranearicerchestoriche.it. I testi sono sottoposti a referaggio in doppio cieco.
    [Show full text]
  • Crete in the Hellenistic Aegean: Seeing Through the Cretan Mirage Elizabeth Cummings University of Colorado Boulder
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CU Scholar Institutional Repository University of Colorado, Boulder CU Scholar Undergraduate Honors Theses Honors Program Spring 2014 Crete in the Hellenistic Aegean: Seeing Through the Cretan Mirage Elizabeth Cummings University of Colorado Boulder Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.colorado.edu/honr_theses Recommended Citation Cummings, Elizabeth, "Crete in the Hellenistic Aegean: Seeing Through the Cretan Mirage" (2014). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 73. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Honors Program at CU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of CU Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cummings 0 CRETE IN THE HELLENISTIC AEGEAN: SEEING THROUGH THE CRETAN MIRAGE Elizabeth Cummings Department of Classics, University of Colorado at Boulder Defended April 4, 2014 Thesis Advisor Dr. Sarah James, Department of Classics Committee Members Dr. Sarah James, Department of Classics Dr. Peter Hunt, Department of Classics Dr. Catherine Cameron, Department of Anthropology Cummings 1 Abstract From a geographic perspective, the island of Crete in the south of the Aegean was well- positioned to engage in the rapidly expanding trade networks of the Mediterranean that flourished in the wake of the death of Alexander the Great. Ancient literary sources tell us that these maritime routes through which goods flowed were often plagued by ‘pirates’, roaming independently of any hegemonic rule. On the basis of Polybius, the most popular (modern and ancient) theory is that Hellenistic Crete was a center of this pirate activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Interstate Alliances of the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: a Socio-Cultural Perspective
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2016 Interstate Alliances of the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: A Socio-Cultural Perspective Nicholas D. Cross The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1479 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] INTERSTATE ALLIANCES IN THE FOURTH-CENTURY BCE GREEK WORLD: A SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE by Nicholas D. Cross A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2016 © 2016 Nicholas D. Cross All Rights Reserved ii Interstate Alliances in the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: A Socio-Cultural Perspective by Nicholas D. Cross This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in History in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ______________ __________________________________________ Date Jennifer Roberts Chair of Examining Committee ______________ __________________________________________ Date Helena Rosenblatt Executive Officer Supervisory Committee Joel Allen Liv Yarrow THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Interstate Alliances of the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: A Socio-Cultural Perspective by Nicholas D. Cross Adviser: Professor Jennifer Roberts This dissertation offers a reassessment of interstate alliances (συµµαχία) in the fourth-century BCE Greek world from a socio-cultural perspective.
    [Show full text]
  • Defense and Strategy Among the Upland Peoples of the Classical Greek World 490-362 Bc
    DEFENSE AND STRATEGY AMONG THE UPLAND PEOPLES OF THE CLASSICAL GREEK WORLD 490-362 BC A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by David Andrew Blome May 2015 © 2015 David Andrew Blome DEFENSE AND STRATEGY AMONG THE UPLAND PEOPLES OF THE CLASSICAL GREEK WORLD 490-362 BC David Blome, PhD Cornell University 2015 This dissertation analyzes four defenses of a Greek upland ethnos (“people,” “nation,” “tribe”) against a large-scale invasion from the lowlands ca.490-362 BC. Its central argument is that the upland peoples of Phocis, Aetolia, Acarnania, and Arcadia maintained defensive strategies that enabled wide-scale, sophisticated actions in response to external aggression; however, their collective success did not depend on the existence of a central, federal government. To make this argument, individual chapters draw on the insights of archaeological, topographical, and ethnographic research to reevaluate the one-sided ancient narratives that document the encounters under consideration. The defensive capabilities brought to light in the present study challenge two prevailing paradigms in ancient Greek scholarship beyond the polis (“city-state”). Beyond-the-polis scholarship has convincingly overturned the conventional view of ethnē as atavistic tribal states, emphasizing instead the diversity of social and political organization that developed outside of the Greek polis. But at the same time, this research has emphasized the act of federation as a key turning point in the socio- political development of ethnē, and downplayed the role of collective violence in the shaping of upland polities. In contrast, this dissertation shows that upland Greeks constituted well- organized, efficient, and effective polities that were thoroughly adapted to their respective geopolitical contexts, but without formal institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Athenian Empire
    Week 8: The Athenian Empire Lecture 13, The Delian League, Key Words Aeschylus’ Persians Plataea Mycale Second Ionian Revolt Samos Chios Lesbos Leotychidas Xanthippus Sestos Panhellenism Medizers Corinth Common Oaths Common Freedom Asia Minor Themistocles Pausanias Dorcis Hegemony by Invitation Aristides Uliades of Samos Byzantium Hybris Delos Ionia Hellespont Caria Thrace NATO UN Phoros Hellenotamias Synod Local Autonomy 1 Lecture 14, From League to Empire, Key Words Eion Strymon Scyros Dolopians Cleruchy Carystus Naxos Eurymedon Caria Lycia Thasos Ennea Hodoi Indemnity Diodorus Thucydides Athenian Imperial Democracy Tribute Lists Garrisons 2 Chronological Table for the Pentekontaetia 479-431 481/0 Hellenic League, a standard offensive and defensive alliance (symmachia), formed with 31 members under Spartan leadership. 480/79 Persian War; battles under Spartan leadership: Thermopylae (King Leonidas), Artemesium and Salamis (Eurybiades), Plataea (Pausanias), and Mycale (King Leotychides). 479 Thank-offerings dedicated at Delphi for victory over Persia including serpent column listing 31 cities faithful to “the Hellenes”. Samos, Chios, and Lesbos, and other islanders enrolled in the Hellenic League. Sparta, alarmed by the growth of Athenian power and daring, send envoys to urge the Athenians not to rebuild their walls, but Themistocles rejects the idea and tricks the envoys; Athenians rebuild walls using old statues as ‘fill’, while Themistocles is on diplomatic mission to Sparta. Following the departure of Leotychides and the Peloponnesian contingents, Xanthippus and the Athenians cross over to Sestos on the European side of the Hellespont, lay siege to the town, and capture the Persian fortress. Themistocles persuades the Athenians to complete fortifications at Piraeus, begun in 492; while Cimon promotes cooperation with Sparta, Themistocles hostile to the hegemon of the Peloponnesian and Hellenic leagues; attempts to rouse anti-Spartan feelings.
    [Show full text]
  • The Universidad Autónoma De Madrid and Fourteenth Ephorate Epicnemidian Locris Project FINAL REPORT
    The Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fourteenth Ephorate Epicnemidian Locris Project FINAL REPORT (1) (2) Jose Pascual and Maria-Foteini Papakonstantinou (1) Department of Ancient History. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (2) Fourteenth Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities Twenty-Fourth Ephorate of Byzantine Antiquities The area that was known as Epicnemidian Locris in Antiquity is a region of central Greece lying on the eastern seaboard of the Balkan Peninsula, on the shores of the Aegean Sea. Its borders probably coincided, approximately, with Mount Cnemis in the east, the Callidromus massif in the south and the Spercheius river basin in the west. The waters of the Malian Gulf and the Island of Euboea lay to the North (Figures 1 and 2). From 2004, as part of Research Projects BHA2001-0157, HAR2008- 04081/HIST and HAR2011-25443, subsidised by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, of the Agreement number 028700 (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Company Ontex Peninsular S.A.), subsidised by the Company Ontex Peninsular S.A. and the Agreement of the Ministry of Culture of the Hellenic Republic Αρ.Πρωτ. ΥΠΠΟ/ΓΔΑΠΚ/ΑΡΧ/Α2/Φ15/73900π.ε./31/2-3-2004, a Spanish-Greek team from the Fourteenth Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities and the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, under the direction of Maria-Foteini Papakonstantinou and from the side of University of the staff of the Department of Ancient History,1 has developed a research project in Epicnemidian Locris (see also A.J. Domínguez, Teiresias 35, part 1, 2005). Τhis is the first historic-topographical research in the region and the first joint official Greek-Spanish field work in Greek territory.
    [Show full text]