Bis(chloromethyl) Ether

sc-210941

Material Safety Data Sheet

Hazard Alert Code EXTREME HIGH MODERATE LOW Key:

Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME Bis(chloromethyl) Ether STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE

CONSIDERED A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200. NFPA

FLAMMABILITY3 HEALTH4 HAZARD INSTABILITY1

SUPPLIER Company: Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Address: 2145 Delaware Ave Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Telephone: 800.457.3801 or 831.457.3800 Emergency Tel: CHEMWATCH: From within the US and Canada: 877-715-9305 Emergency Tel: From outside the US and Canada: +800 2436 2255 (1-800-CHEMCALL) or call +613 9573 3112 PRODUCT USE ■ The use of a quantity of material in an unventilated or confined space may result in increased exposure and an irritating atmosphere developing. Before starting consider control of exposure by mechanical ventilation. Formerly used for chloromethylations. As an intermediate in preparation of strongly-basic anion ion exchange resins of the quaternary ammonium type. Byproduct generated in production and use of chloromethyl methyl ether. CMME CARE: Small amounts form in mixtures of formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride HCl gas and also in formaldehyde solutions containing chloride ions. SYNONYMS C2-H4-C12-O, BCME, "bis(chloromethyl) ether", bis-CME, chloro(chloromethoxy)methane, "chloromethyl ether", dichlorodimethylaether, "sym-dichloro-dimethyl ether", "1, 1' -dichlorodimethyl ether", "1, 1' -dichlorodimethyl ether", "dichlorodimethyl ether, symmetrical", "sym-dichloromethyl ether", "dimethyl-1, 1' -dichloroether", "dimethyl-1, 1' -dichloroether", "methane-1, 1' dichloroether", oxybis(chloromethane)

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW RISK Harmful if swallowed. Toxic in contact with skin. Very toxic by inhalation. May cause CANCER. HARMFUL - May cause lung damage if swallowed. Flammable. POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED ■ Accidental ingestion of the material may be harmful; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 150 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual. ■ Swallowing of the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; serious consequences may result. (ICSC13733). ■ Ingestion of formaldehyde may cause immediate severe abdominal pain, with vomiting, nausea, diarrhoea, anuria, dizziness, followed by unconsciousness, convulsions and may result in death. The methanol stabiliser in solutions is a cause of visual impairment and possible permanent blindness. ■ Ingestion of alkyl ethers may produce stupor, blurred vision, headache, dizziness and irritation of the nose and throat. Respiratory distress and asphyxia may result. EYE ■ There is some evidence to suggest that this material can causeeye irritation and damage in some persons. ■ Eye contact with alkyl ethers (vapor or liquid) may produce irritation,redness and tears. SKIN ■ Skin contact with the material may produce toxic effects; systemic effectsmay result following absorption. ■ There is some evidence to suggest that this material can cause inflammation of the skin on contact in some persons. ■ Alkyl ethers may defat and dehydrate the skin producing dermatoses. Absorption may produce headache, dizziness, and central nervous system depression. ■ Minor regular skin contact with formaldehyde results in hardening of skin - tanning. Formaldehyde is a sensitising agent capable of inducing contact dermatitis. Episodes of contact dermatitis have been observed amongst workers exposed to formaldehyde in hospitals, in the production of formaldehyde resins, textiles, shampoos and laminated furniture. Contact urticaria has also been reported as a result of dermal exposure. ■ Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. ■ Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. INHALED ■ Inhalation of vapors or aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may produce severely toxic effects; these may be fatal. ■ Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. This may be accompanied by narcosis, reduced alertness, loss of reflexes, lack of coordination and vertigo. ■ There is some evidence to suggest that the material can cause respiratory irritation in some persons. The body's response to such irritation can cause further lung damage. ■ Acute exposure of rats and hamsters to bis(chloromethyl)ether resulted in pulmonary oedema, haemorrhage and necrotising bronchitis. In rats, the acute inhalation LC50 for a 7-hour exposure has been estimated to be 7 ppm. The cause of death was acute lung irritation that resulted in congestion, edema and hemorrhage. ■ Hydrogen chloride (HCl) vapour or fumes present a hazard from a single acute exposure. Exposures of 1300 to 2000 ppm have been lethal to humans in a few minutes. Inhalation of HCl may cause choking, coughing, burning sensation and may cause ulceration of the nose, throat and larynx. Fluid on the lungs followed by generalised lung damage may follow. Breathing of HCl vapour may aggravate asthma and inflammatory or fibrotic pulmonary disease. High concentrations cause necrosis of the tracheal and bronchial epithelium, pulmonary oedema, atelectasis and emphysema and damage to the pulmonary blood vessels and liver. ■ Following inhalation, ethers cause lethargy and stupor. Inhaling lower alkyl ethers results in headache, dizziness, weakness, blurred vision, seizures and possible coma. Low blood pressure, slow heartbeat and cardiovascular collapse may be seen with throat irritation, irregular breathing, pulmonary edema and respiratory arrest. Nausea, vomiting and salivation may be seen. There have been deaths reported, and convulsions and paralysis can be found in severe cases. Massive exposures can cause damage to the kidney and liver. ■ Inhalation of vapour at relatively low concentrations may cause a tingling sensation in the nose and upper respiratory tract. Slightly higher concentrations may cause a burning sensation, headache.High vapour concentrations of formaldehyde are capable of causing chest constriction, bronchiopneumonia, dysphagia, oedema, spasms of the larynx and dyspnoea. ■ Inhalation of the vapor is hazardous and may even be fatal. CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS ■ There is sufficient evidence to suggest that this materialdirectly causes cancer in humans. Limited evidence suggests that repeated or long-term occupational exposure may produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems. In humans, exposure to vapors of chloromethyl methyl ether (CME) containing bis(chloromethyl)ether BCME as a contaminant lead to increased incidence of chronic bronchitis, manifest as chronic cough and impaired respiratory function BCME was found to be a potent alkylating carcinogen for mouse skin and a highly potent inducer of tumours of the respiratory tract in mice and rats. Repeated daily exposures of mice to 1 ppm BCME produced increased numbers of pulmonary adenomas. In rats daily exposure to 0.1 ppm BCME produced squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and esthesio- neuroepitheliomas of the olfactory epithelium. Nine epidemiological studies have demonstrated that exposed workers have an increased risk of lung cancer with the relative risk being 10-fold in heavily exposed workers. The risk increases with duration and cumulative exposure. Histological evaluation indicates that exposure results primarily in cancers of the small-cell type. The maximum relative risk appears to occur 15-20 years after the first exposure and latency is shortened among workers with heavier exposure. Chronic minor exposure to hydrogen chloride (HCl) vapour or fume may cause discolouration or erosion of the teeth, bleeding of the nose and gums; and ulceration of the nasal mucous membranes. Repeated exposures of animals to concentrations of about 34 ppm HCl produced no immediate toxic effects. Workers exposed to hydrochloric acid suffered from gastritis and a number of cases of chronic bronchitis have also been reported. Repeated or prolonged exposure to dilute solutions of HCl may cause dermatitis. Chronic exposure to alkyl ethers may result in loss of appetite, excessivethirst, fatigue, and weight loss. When administered by inhalation, formaldehyde induced squamous cell carcinomas of the nasal cavity in rats of both sexes. Although excess occurrence of a number of cancers has been reported in humans, the evidence for a possible involvement of formaldehyde is strongest for nasal and nasopharangeal cancer. The occurrence of these cancers showed an exposure- response gradient in more than one study, but the numbers of exposed cases were often small and some studies did not show excesses In humans. Formaldehyde exposure has been associated with cancers of the lung, nasopharynx and oropharynx and nasal passages. Several investigations have concluded that specific respiratory sensitisation occurs based on positive bronchial provocation tests amongst formaldehyde-exposed workers. These studies have been criticised for methodological reasons. One large study however revealed that 5% of persons exposed to formaldehyde and had asthma-like symptoms met the study criteria for formaldehyde-induced asthma; this included a positive response on a bronchial provocation test with 2.5 mg/m3 formaldehyde. Although differential individual sensitivity has been established, the mechanism for this increased sensitivity is unknown. There is limited evidence that formaldehyde has any adverse effect on reproduction or development in humans. An investigation of reproductive function in female workers exposed to formaldehyde in the garment industry, revealed an increased incidence of menstrual disorders, inflammatory disease of the reproductive tract, sterility, anaemia, and low birth weights amongst off-spring.

Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

HAZARD RATINGS Min Max Flammability: 2

Toxicity: 4

Body Contact: 3 Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Reactivity: 2 Moderate=2 High=3 Chronic: 4 Extreme=4

NAME CAS RN % bis(chloromethyl)ether 542-88-1 >98 hydrolyses to formaldehyde 50-00-0 hydrogen chloride 7647-01-0

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES

SWALLOWED ■ If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration. Observe the patient carefully. Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness; i.e. becoming unconscious. Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can comfortably drink. Seek medical advice. Avoid giving milk or oils. Avoid giving alcohol. If spontaneous vomiting appears imminent or occurs, hold patient's head down, lower than their hips to help avoid possible aspiration of vomitus. EYE ■ If this product comes in contact with the eyes: Immediately hold eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously with running water. Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids. Continue flushing until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Center or a doctor, or for at least 15 minutes. Transport to hospital or doctor without delay. Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel. SKIN ■ If skin or hair contact occurs: Quickly but gently, wipe material off skin with a dry, clean cloth. Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear. Wash skin and hair with running water. Continue flushing with water until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Center. Transport to hospital, or doctor. INHALED ■ If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area. Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested. Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures. Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Transport to hospital, or doctor, without delay. NOTES TO PHYSICIAN ■ for lower alkyl ethers: ------BASIC TREATMENT ------Establish a patent airway with suction where necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation as necessary. Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 10 t0 15 l/min. A low-stimulus environment must be maintained. Monitor and treat, where necessary, for shock. Anticipate and treat, where necessary, for seizures. DO NOT use emetics. Where ingestion is suspected rinse mouth and give up to 200 ml water (5 ml/kg recommended) for dilution where patient is able to swallow, has a strong gag reflex and does not drool. ------ADVANCED TREATMENT ------Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in unconscious patient or where respiratory arrest has occurred. Positive-pressure ventilation using a bag-valve mask might be of use. Monitor and treat, where necessary, for arrhythmias. Start an IV D5W TKO. If signs of hypovolemia are present use lactated Ringers solution. Fluid overload might create complications. Drug therapy should be considered for pulmonary edema. Hypotension without signs of hypovolemia may require vasopressors. Treat seizures with diazepam. Proparacaine hydrochloride should be used to assist eye irrigation. ------EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT ------Laboratory analysis of complete blood count, serum electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, glucose, urinalysis, baseline for serum aminotransferases (ALT and AST), calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, may assist in establishing a treatment regime. Other useful analyses include anion and osmolar gaps, arterial blood gases (ABGs), chest radiographs and electrocardiograph. Ethers may produce anion gap acidosis. Hyperventilation and bicarbonate therapy might be indicated. Hemodialysis might be considered in patients with impaired renal function. Consult a toxicologist as necessary. BRONSTEIN, A.C. and CURRANCE, P.L. EMERGENCY CARE FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EXPOSURE: 2nd Ed. 1994. For acute or short-term repeated exposures to formaldehyde: INGESTION: Patients present early with severe corrosion of the gastro-intestinal tract and systemic effects. Inflammation and ulceration may progress to strictures. Severe acidosis results from rapid conversion of formaldehyde to formic acid. Coma, hypotension, renal failure and apnea complicate ingestion. Decontaminate by dilution with milk or water containing ammonium acetate; vomiting should be induced. Follow with gastric lavage using a weak ammonia solution (converts formaldehyde to relatively inert pentamethylenetetramine) Gastric lavage is warranted only in first 15 minutes following ingestion. SKIN: Formaldehyde can combine with epidermal protein to produce a hapten-protein couples capable of sensitizing T- lymphocytes. Subsequent exposures cause a type IV hypersensitivity reaction (i.e. allergic contact dermatitis). [Ellenhorn Barceloux: Medical Toxicology].

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Vapor Pressure (mmHg): 30.002 @ 22 C Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not available

Specific Gravity (water=1): 1.27 Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not available EXTINGUISHING MEDIA ■ Foam. Dry chemical powder. BCF (where regulations permit). Carbon dioxide. Water spray or fog - Large fires only. FIRE FIGHTING ■ Alert Emergency Responders and tell them location and nature of hazard. Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves for fire only. Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course. Use fire fighting procedures suitable for surrounding area. Do not approach containers suspected to be hot. Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location. If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire. Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use. GENERAL FIRE HAZARDS/HAZARDOUS COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCTS ■ Liquid and vapor are flammable. Moderate fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Vapor forms an explosive mixture with air. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Vapor may travel a considerable distance to source of ignition. Heating may cause expansion or decomposition leading to violent rupture of containers. On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO). Combustion products include: carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen chloride, phosgene, other pyrolysis products typical of burning organic material. Contains low boiling substance: Closed containers may rupture due to pressure buildup under fire conditions. May emit poisonous fumes. WARNING: Long standing in contact with air and light may result in the formation of potentially explosive peroxides. FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY ■ Avoid contamination with oxidizing agents i.e. nitrates, oxidizing acids,chlorine bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result. PERSONAL PROTECTION Glasses: Chemical goggles. Gloves: Respirator: Type BAX-P Filter of sufficient capacity

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

MINOR SPILLS ■ Remove all ignition sources. Clean up all spills immediately. Avoid breathing vapors and contact with skin and eyes. Control personal contact by using protective equipment. Contain and absorb small quantities with vermiculite or other absorbent material. Wipe up. Collect residues in a flammable waste container. MAJOR SPILLS ■ Clear area of personnel and move upwind. Alert Emergency Responders and tell them location and nature of hazard. Wear full body protective clothing with breathing apparatus. Prevent, by all means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses. Consider evacuation (or protect in place). No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources. Increase ventilation. Stop leak if safe to do so. Water spray or fog may be used to disperse / absorb vapour. Contain or absorb spill with sand, earth or vermiculite. Collect recoverable product into labelled containers for recycling. Collect solid residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal. Wash area and prevent runoff into drains. After clean up operations, decontaminate and launder all protective clothing and equipment before storing and re-using. If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services. Chemical Class: ester and ethers For release onto land: recommended sorbents listed in order of priority. SORBENT TYPE RANK APPLICATION COLLECTION LIMITATIONS LAND SPILL - SMALL cross-linked polymer - 1 shovel shovel R, W, SS particulate cross-linked polymer - 1 throw pitchfork R, DGC, RT pillow sorbent clay - particulate 2 shovel shovel R,I, P wood fiber - particulate 3 shovel shovel R, W, P, DGC wood fiber - pillow 3 throw pitchfork R, P, DGC, RT treated wood fiber - 3 throw pitchfork DGC, RT pillow LAND SPILL - MEDIUM cross-linked polymer - 1 blower skiploader R,W, SS particulate cross-linked polymer - 2 throw skiploader R, DGC, RT pillow sorbent clay - particulate 3 blower skiploader R, I, P polypropylene - 3 blower skiploader W, SS, DGC particulate expanded mineral - 4 blower skiploader R, I, W, P, DGC particulate wood fiber - particulate 4 blower skiploader R, W, P, DGC Legend DGC: Not effective where ground cover is dense R; Not reusable I: Not incinerable P: Effectiveness reduced when rainy RT:Not effective where terrain is rugged SS: Not for use within environmentally sensitive sites W: Effectiveness reduced when windy Reference: Sorbents for Liquid Hazardous Substance Cleanup and Control; R.W Melvold et al: Pollution Technology Review No. 150: Noyes Data Corporation 1988. PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL

From IERG (Canada/Australia)

Isolation Distance 25 meters Downwind Protection 250 Distance meters

FOOTNOTES 1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk of harmful exposure. This zone assumes that random changes in wind direction confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees on either side of the predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance equal to the downwind protective action distance. 2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with those closest to the spill and working away from the site in the downwind direction. Within the protective action zone a level of vapour concentration may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated and unable to take protective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible health effects. 3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the incident, within which a high probability of localised wind reversal may expose nearly all persons without appropriate protection to life-threatening concentrations of the material. 4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less, such as a drum (jerrican or box with inner containers). Larger packages leaking less than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from a small cylinder are also considered "small spills". LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking package of greater than 200 litres, such as a cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne" compressed gas cylinder. 5 Guide 153 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book. 6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.

ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS (AEGL) (in ppm) bis(chloro

methyl)eth er AEGL Type 10 min 30 min 60 min 4 hr 8 hr AEGL 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 GALSYN~ AEGL 2 100 43 22 11 GALSYN~ AEGL 3 620 210 100 26 GALSYN~ hydrogen chloride AEGL Type 10 min 30 min 60 min 4 hr 8 hr AEGL 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 GALSYN~ AEGL 2 100 43 22 11 GALSYN~ AEGL 3 620 210 100 26 GALSYN~ AEGL 1: The airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic nonsensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. AEGL 2: The airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape. AEGL 3: The airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening health effects or death. EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG) The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects is: bis(chloromethyl)ether 0.5ppm irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take protective action is: bis(chloromethyl)ether 0.1ppm other than mild, transient adverse effects without perceiving a clearly defined odour is: bis(chloromethyl)ether ID‡

American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)

Ingredients considered according exceed the following cutoffs Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0% R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0% R51 >= 2.5% else >= 10% where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture

Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE

PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING ■ The tendency of many ethers to form explosive peroxides is well documented. Ethers lacking non-methyl hydrogen atoms adjacent to the ether link are thought to be relatively safe DO NOT concentrate by evaporation, or evaporate extracts to dryness, as residues may contain explosive peroxides with DETONATION potential. Any static discharge is also a source of hazard. Before any distillation process remove trace peroxides by shaking with excess 5% aqueous ferrous sulfate solution or by percolation through a column of activated alumina. Distillation results in uninhibited ether distillate with considerably increased hazard because of risk of peroxide formation on storage. Add inhibitor to any distillate as required. When solvents have been freed from peroxides by percolation through columns of activated alumina, the absorbed peroxides must promptly be desorbed by treatment with polar solvents such as methanol or water, which should then be disposed of safely. Contains low boiling substance: Storage in sealed containers may result in pressure buildup causing violent rupture of containers not rated appropriately. Check for bulging containers. Vent periodically Always release caps or seals slowly to ensure slow dissipation of vapors DO NOT allow clothing wet with material to stay in contact with skin The substance accumulates peroxides which may become hazardous only if it evaporates or is distilled or otherwise treated to concentrate the peroxides. The substance may concentrate around the container opening for example. Purchases of peroxidizable chemicals should be restricted to ensure that the chemical is used completely before it can become peroxidized. A responsible person should maintain an inventory of peroxidizable chemicals or annotate the general chemical inventory to indicate which chemicals are subject to peroxidation. An expiration date should be determined. The chemical should either be treated to remove peroxides or disposed of before this date. The person or laboratory receiving the chemical should record a receipt date on the bottle. The individual opening the container should add an opening date. Unopened containers received from the supplier should be safe to store for 18 months. Opened containers should not be stored for more than 12 months. RECOMMENDED STORAGE METHODS ■ Lined metal can, Lined metal pail/drum Plastic pail Polyliner drum Packing as recommended by manufacturer. Check all containers are clearly labeled and free from leaks. For low viscosity materials Drums and jerricans must be of the non-removable head type. Where a can is to be used as an inner package, the can must have a screwed enclosure. For materials with a viscosity of at least 2680 cSt. (23 deg. C) and solids (between 15 C deg. and 40 deg C.): Removable head packaging; Cans with friction closures and low pressure tubes and cartridges may be used. - Where combination packages are used, and the inner packages are of glass, there must be sufficient inert cushioning material in contact with inner and outer packages * . - In addition, where inner packagings are glass and contain liquids of packing group I and II there must be sufficient inert absorbent to absorb any spillage *. - * unless the outer packaging is a close fitting molded plastic box and the substances are not incompatible with the plastic. All inner and sole packagings for substances that have been assigned to Packaging Groups I or II on the basis of inhalation toxicity criteria, must be hermetically sealed. STORAGE REQUIREMENTS ■ Store in original containers. Keep containers securely sealed. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers. Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks. Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations. SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS

X X + X X + X: Must not be stored together O: May be stored together with specific preventions +: May be stored together

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

EXPOSURE CONTROLS

Source Material TWA TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak TWA Notes ppm mg/m³ ppm mg/m³ ppm mg/m³ F/CC

Canada - Alberta Occupational bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Limits (Bis(Chloromethyl) 0.001 0.005 ether)

Canada - British Columbia bis(chloromethyl)ether Occupational Exposure Limits (bis(Chloromethyl) 0.001 A1, 1 ether)

Canada - Ontario Occupational bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Limits (Oxybis 0.001 0.005 (chloromethane))

US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values bis(chloromethyl)ether TLV Basis: (TLV) (bis(Chloromethyl) 0.001 lung cancer ether) bis(chloromethyl)ether US ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels for Hazardous Substances (MRLs) (BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) 0.0003 ETHER) US - California Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Limits for Chemical (bis-Chloromethyl ether, 0.001 0.005 Contaminants see also Section 5209) Canada - Yukon Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether (See Concentrations for Airborne (K bis-Chloromethyl Table Contaminant Substances ether) 14)

Canada - Yukon Carcinogens with bis(chloromethyl)ether 0.001 a Permitted Exposure (bis-Chloromethyl ether)

Canada - Prince Edward Island bis(chloromethyl)ether TLV Basis: Occupational Exposure Limits (bis(Chloromethyl) 0.001 lung cancer ether) Canada - Quebec Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Values for Airborne (bis (Chloromethyl) 0.001 0.0047 Contaminants (English) ether)

Canada - Northwest Territories bis(chloromethyl)ether Occupational Exposure Limits (bis-Chloromethyl ether) 0.001 0.0047 0.003 0.014 (English)

Canada - Nova Scotia bis(chloromethyl)ether TLV Basis: Occupational Exposure Limits (bis(Chloromethyl) 0.001 lung cancer ether)

Canada - British Columbia bis(chloromethyl)ether Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride 2 Revised 2003)

Canada - Ontario Occupational bis(chloromethyl)ether 2 Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Minnesota Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Exposure Limits (PELs) (Hydrogen chloride) TLV Basis: US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values bis(chloromethyl)ether upper (TLV) (Hydrogen chloride) 2 respiratory tract irritation

US NIOSH Recommended bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Exposure Limits (RELs) (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Alberta Occupational bis(chloromethyl)ether 2 3 Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Tennessee Occupational bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Limits - Limits For Air (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 Contaminants US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A bis(chloromethyl)ether (C)5 (C)7 Transitional Limits for Air (Hydrogen chloride) Contaminants

US - Vermont Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Final (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 Rule Limits for Air Contaminants US - California Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Limits for Chemical (Hydrogen chloride; 5 7 Contaminants muriatic acid)

US - Idaho - Limits for Air bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Hawaii Air Contaminant bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Limits (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Alaska Limits for Air bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Michigan Exposure Limits for bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Air Contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Yukon Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether Concentrations for Airborne (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 - - Contaminant Substances

US - Washington Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether 5.0 exposure limits of air contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Saskatchewan bis(chloromethyl)ether Occupational Health and Safety (Hydrogen chloride) 2 Regulations - Contamination Limits

US - Oregon Permissible Exposure bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Limits (Z1) (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Wyoming Toxic and bis(chloromethyl)ether Hazardous Substances Table Z1 (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 Limits for Air Contaminants

Canada - Quebec Permissible bis(chloromethyl)ether Exposure Values for Airborne (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7,5 Contaminants (English)

US OSHA Permissible Exposure bis(chloromethyl)ether 5 7 Levels (PELs) - Table Z1 (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Northwest Territories bis(chloromethyl)ether Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7.5 (English) TLV Basis: Canada - Nova Scotia bis(chloromethyl)ether upper Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride) 2 respiratory tract irritation TLV Basis: Canada - Prince Edward Island bis(chloromethyl)ether upper Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride) 2 respiratory tract irritation

US ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels for formaldehyde 0.04 Hazardous Substances (MRLs) (FORMALDEHYDE)

US ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels for formaldehyde 0.03 Hazardous Substances (MRLs) (FORMALDEHYDE)

US ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels for formaldehyde 0.008 Hazardous Substances (MRLs) (FORMALDEHYDE)

Canada - Ontario Occupational formaldehyde 1 1.5 2 3 Exposure Limits (Formaldehyde)

US NIOSH Recommended formaldehyde 0.016 0.1 Exposure Limits (RELs) (Formaldehyde) TLV Basis: upper US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values formaldehyde (TLV) (Formaldehyde) 0.3 respiratory tract & eye irritation

US NIOSH Recommended formaldehyde (Formalin 0.016 0.1 Exposure Limits (RELs) (as formaldehyde))

Canada - British Columbia formaldehyde 0.3 1 A2, 1; S Occupational Exposure Limits (Formaldehyde)

Canada - Alberta Occupational formaldehyde 0.75 0.9 1 1.3 Exposure Limits (Formaldehyde)

US - Idaho - Acceptable Maximum formaldehyde (Formaldehyde (Z37.16- 3 5 Peak Concentrations (Formaldehyde (Z37.16- 3 5 1967))

US - Tennessee Occupational formaldehyde (Rosin Exposure Limits - Limits For Air core solder pyrolysis 0.1 Contaminants products, as formaldehyde) US - Vermont Permissible formaldehyde Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Final (Formaldehyde; see 3 5 Rule Limits for Air Contaminants 1910.1048)

US - Vermont Permissible formaldehyde See Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A (Formaldehyde; see Table Transitional Limits for Air 1910.1048) Z-2 Contaminants for

US - California Permissible formaldehyde (Rosin Exposure Limits for Chemical core solder, pyrolysis 0.1 Contaminants products, as formaldehyde) US - California Permissible formaldehyde Exposure Limits for Chemical (Formaldehyde, see 0.75 2 Contaminants Section 5217) formaldehyde (Rosin US - Alaska Limits for Air core solder pyrolysis 0.1 Contaminants products, as formaldehyde)

US - Michigan Exposure Limits for formaldehyde Air Contaminants (Formaldehyde; see 0.75 0.9 2 2.5 R325.51451 et seq.F) formaldehyde (Rosin US - Oregon Permissible Exposure core solder pyrolysis 0.1 * Limits (Z1) products (as Formaldehyde))

US - Oregon Permissible Exposure formaldehyde 0.75 (TWA (See Limits (Z1) (Formaldehyde) 1910.1048))

US - Hawaii Air Contaminant formaldehyde 0.75 See º12- Limits (Formaldehyde) 202-37

Canada - Yukon Permissible formaldehyde (Rosin Concentrations for Airborne core solder pyrolysis - 0.1 - 0.3 Contaminant Substances products (as formaldehyde))

Canada - Yukon Permissible formaldehyde Concentrations for Airborne (Formaldehyde) 2 3 - - Contaminant Substances

US - Washington Permissible formaldehyde exposure limits of air contaminants (Formaldehyde (see 0.75 2 chapter 296-856 WAC)) Canada - Saskatchewan formaldehyde Occupational Health and Safety (Formaldehyde) 0.3 SEN, T20 Regulations - Contamination Limits

Canada - Quebec Permissible formaldehyde Exposure Values for Airborne (Formaldehyde) 2 3 Contaminants (English) US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z-2 formaldehyde Acceptable ceiling concentration, (Formaldehyde: see 0.75 2 Acceptable maximum peak above 1910.1048) the acceptable ceiling concentration for an 8-hr shift

US OSHA Permissible Exposure formaldehyde Levels (PELs) - Table Z1 (Formaldehyde; see 0.75 2 1910.1048)

US OSHA Permissible Exposure formaldehyde Levels (PELs) - Table Z2 (Formaldehyde; see 2 1910.1048) US - Wyoming Toxic and formaldehyde Hazardous Substances Table Z1 (Formaldehyde; see 0.75 2 Limits for Air Contaminants 1910.1048)

Canada - Northwest Territories formaldehyde Occupational Exposure Limits (Formaldehyde) 2 2.4 (English)

Canada - Northwest Territories formaldehyde (Rosin Occupational Exposure Limits core solder pyrolysis 0.1 0.3 (English) products (as formaldehyde))

US - Oregon Permissible Exposure formaldehyde (Formaldehyde (see 0.75 Limits (Z2) (Formaldehyde (see 0.75 1910.1048)) TLV Basis: Canada - Prince Edward Island formaldehyde upper Occupational Exposure Limits (Formaldehyde) 0.3 respiratory tract & eye irritation TLV Basis: Canada - Nova Scotia formaldehyde upper Occupational Exposure Limits (Formaldehyde) 0.3 respiratory tract & eye irritation hydrogen chloride Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride 2 Revised 2003)

Canada - Ontario Occupational hydrogen chloride 2 Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Minnesota Permissible hydrogen chloride 5 7 Exposure Limits (PELs) (Hydrogen chloride) TLV Basis: US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values hydrogen chloride upper (TLV) (Hydrogen chloride) 2 respiratory tract irritation

US NIOSH Recommended hydrogen chloride 5 7 Exposure Limits (RELs) (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Alberta Occupational hydrogen chloride 2 3 Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Tennessee Occupational hydrogen chloride Exposure Limits - Limits For Air (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 Contaminants US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A hydrogen chloride (C)5 (C)7 Transitional Limits for Air (Hydrogen chloride) Contaminants

US - Vermont Permissible hydrogen chloride Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Final (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 Rule Limits for Air Contaminants US - California Permissible hydrogen chloride Exposure Limits for Chemical (Hydrogen chloride; 5 7 Contaminants muriatic acid)

US - Idaho - Limits for Air hydrogen chloride 5 7 Contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Hawaii Air Contaminant hydrogen chloride 5 7 Limits (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Alaska Limits for Air hydrogen chloride 5 7 Contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

US - Michigan Exposure Limits for hydrogen chloride 5 7 Air Contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Yukon Permissible hydrogen chloride Concentrations for Airborne (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 - - Contaminant Substances

US - Washington Permissible hydrogen chloride 5.0 exposure limits of air contaminants (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Saskatchewan hydrogen chloride Occupational Health and Safety (Hydrogen chloride) 2 Regulations - Contamination Limits

US - Oregon Permissible Exposure hydrogen chloride 5 7 Limits (Z1) (Hydrogen chloride) US - Wyoming Toxic and hydrogen chloride Hazardous Substances Table Z1 (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7 Limits for Air Contaminants

Canada - Quebec Permissible hydrogen chloride Exposure Values for Airborne (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7,5 Contaminants (English)

US OSHA Permissible Exposure hydrogen chloride 5 7 Levels (PELs) - Table Z1 (Hydrogen chloride)

Canada - Northwest Territories hydrogen chloride Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride) 5 7.5 (English) TLV Basis: Canada - Nova Scotia hydrogen chloride upper 2 respiratory Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride) 2 respiratory tract irritation TLV Basis: Canada - Prince Edward Island hydrogen chloride upper 2 respiratory Occupational Exposure Limits (Hydrogen chloride) tract irritation EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS Material Revised IDLH Value (mg/m3) Revised IDLH Value (ppm)

bis(chloromethyl)ether 50 formaldehyde 20 hydrogen chloride 50 MATERIAL DATA BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER: HYDROGEN CHLORIDE: ■ for hydrogen chloride: Odour Threshold Value: 0.262 ppm (detection), 10.06 ppm (recognition) NOTE: Detector tubes for hydrochloric acid, measuring in excess of 1 ppm, are available commercially. Hydrogen chloride is a strong irritant to the eyes, mucous membranes and skin. Chronic exposure produces a corrosive action on the teeth. Reports of respiratory irritation following short-term exposure at 5 ppm have lead to the recommended TLV-C. There is no indication that skin contact with hydrogen chloride elicits systemic poisoning and a skin designation has not been applied. Exposure of humans to hydrogen chloride at 50 to 100 ppm for 1 hour is reported to be barely tolerable; 35 ppm caused irritation of the throat on short exposure and 10 ppm was the maximal concentration for prolonged exposure. It has been stated that hydrogen chloride at concentrations of 5 ppm is immediately irritating. Odour Safety Factor(OSF) OSF=1.3 (HYDROGEN CHLORIDE). BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER: FORMALDEHYDE: ■ Odour Threshold Value for formaldehyde: 0.98 ppm (recognition) NOTE: Detector tubes for formaldehyde, measuring in excess of 0.2 ppm are available commercially. Formaldehyde vapour exposure: Primary irritation is dependent on duration of exposure and individual susceptibility. The following are typical symptoms encountered at various exposure levels. 0.1 ppm - Lower level of mucous eye, nose and throat irritation 0.8 ppm - Typical threshold of perception 1-2 ppm - Typical threshold of irritation 2-3 ppm - Irritation of eyes, nose and throat 4-5 ppm - Increased irritation, tearing, headache, pungent odour 10-20 ppm - Profuse tearing, severe burning, coughing 50 ppm - Serious bronchial and alveolar damage 100 ppm - Formaldehyde induced chemical pneumonia and death Despite the intent of the TLV Ceiling recommendation it is believed that 0.3 ppm will not protect that portion of the workforce (up to 20%) reported to be responsive to low ambient concentrations. Because of the dose-related carcinogenic activity for rat and mouse inhalation of formaldehyde, the report of macromolecular adducts in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of nonhuman primates following inhalation of formaldehyde, the human case reports of upper respiratory tract malignant melanoma associated with formaldehyde inhalation and the suggestive epidemiologic data on human cancer risk, the TLV Committee recommends that workplace formaldehyde air concentrations be reduced to the lowest possible levels that can be achieved using engineering controls. Odour Safety Factor(OSF) OSF=0.36 (FORMALDEHYDE). BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER: ■ for bis(chloromethyl)ether: Exposure at or below the TLV-TWA is recommended to provide a satisfactory margin of safety from the development of nasal tumours (in non-smokers). PERSONAL PROTECTION

Consult your EHS staff for recommendations EYE ■ Safety glasses with side shields. Chemical goggles. Contact lenses pose a special hazard; soft lenses may absorb irritants and all lenses concentrate them. DO NOT wear contact lenses. HANDS/FEET ■ Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC. Wear safety footwear or safety gumboots, eg. Rubber. Suitability and durability of glove type is dependent on usage. Important factors in the selection of gloves include: such as: frequency and duration of contact, chemical resistance of glove material, glove thickness and dexterity Select gloves tested to a relevant standard (e.g. Europe EN 374, US F739). When prolonged or frequently repeated contact may occur, a glove with a protection class of 5 or higher (breakthrough time greater than 240 minutes according to EN 374) is recommended. When only brief contact is expected, a glove with a protection class of 3 or higher (breakthrough time greater than 60 minutes according to EN 374) is recommended. Contaminated gloves should be replaced. Gloves must only be worn on clean hands. After using gloves, hands should be washed and dried thoroughly. Application of a non-perfumed moisturiser is recommended. OTHER ■ Employees working with confirmed human carcinogens should be provided with, and be required to wear, clean, full body protective clothing (smocks, coveralls, or long-sleeved shirt and pants), shoe covers and gloves prior to entering the regulated area. Employees engaged in handling operations involving carcinogens should be provided with, and required to wear and use half-face filter-type respirators with filters for dusts, mists and fumes, or air purifying canisters or cartridges. A respirator affording higher levels of protection may be substituted. Emergency deluge showers and eyewash fountains, supplied with potable water, should be located near, within sight of, and on the same level with locations where direct exposure is likely. Prior to each exit from an area containing confirmed human carcinogens, employees should be required to remove and leave protective clothing and equipment at the point of exit and at the last exit of the day, to place used clothing and equipment in impervious containers at the point of exit for purposes of decontamination or disposal. The contents of such impervious containers must be identified with suitable labels. For maintenance and decontamination activities, authorized employees entering the area should be provided with and required to wear clean, impervious garments, including gloves, boots and continuous-air supplied hood. Prior to removing protective garments the employee should undergo decontamination and be required to shower upon removal of the garments and hood. RESPIRATOR ■ Selection of the Class and Type of respirator will depend upon the level of breathing zone contaminant and the chemical nature of the contaminant. Protection Factors (defined as the ratio of contaminant outside and inside the mask) may also be important. Breathing Zone Level ppm Maximum Protection Factor Half-face Respirator Full-Face Respirator (volume) 1000 10 BAX-1 P - 1000 50 - BAX-1 P 5000 50 Airline* - 5000 100 - BAX-2 P 10000 100 - BAX-3 P 100+ Airline* * * - Continuous Flow ** - Continuous-flow or positive pressure demand. The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of personal protective equipment required. Use appropriate NIOSH-certified respirator based on informed professional judgement. In conditions where no reasonable estimate of exposure can be made, assume the exposure is in a concentration IDLH and use NIOSH-certified full face pressure demand SCBA with a minimum service life of 30 minutes, or a combination full facepiece pressure demand SAR with auxiliary self-contained air supply. Respirators provided only for escape from IDLH atmospheres shall be NIOSH-certified for escape from the atmosphere in which they will be used. ENGINEERING CONTROLS ■ Employees exposed to confirmed human carcinogens should be authorized to do so by the employer, and work in a regulated area. Work should be undertaken in an isolated system such as a "glove-box" . Employees should wash their hands and arms upon completion of the assigned task and before engaging in other activities not associated with the isolated system. Within regulated areas, the carcinogen should be stored in sealed containers, or enclosed in a closed system, including piping systems, with any sample ports or openings closed while the carcinogens are contained within. Open-vessel systems are prohibited. Each operation should be provided with continuous local exhaust ventilation so that air movement is always from ordinary work areas to the operation. Exhaust air should not be discharged to regulated areas, non-regulated areas or the external environment unless decontaminated. Clean make-up air should be introduced in sufficient volume to maintain correct operation of the local exhaust system. For maintenance and decontamination activities, authorized employees entering the area should be provided with and required to wear clean, impervious garments, including gloves, boots and continuous-air supplied hood. Prior to removing protective garments the employee should undergo decontamination and be required to shower upon removal of the garments and hood. Except for outdoor systems, regulated areas should be maintained under negative pressure (with respect to non-regulated areas). Local exhaust ventilation requires make-up air be supplied in equal volumes to replaced air. Laboratory hoods must be designed and maintained so as to draw air inward at an average linear face velocity of 150 feet/ min. with a minimum of 125 feet/ min. Design and construction of the fume hood requires that insertion of any portion of the employees body, other than hands and arms, be disallowed.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Liquid. Toxic or noxious vapors/ gas. State Liquid Molecular Weight 114.96 Melting Range (°F) -42.7 Viscosity Not Available Boiling Range (°F) 320 Solubility in water (g/L) Reacts Flash Point (°F) 107.6 pH (1% solution) Not applicable

Decomposition Temp (°F) Not Available pH (as supplied) Not applicable Autoignition Temp (°F) Not available Vapor Pressure (mmHg) 30.002 @ 22 C Upper Explosive Limit (%) Not available Specific Gravity (water=1) 1.27 Lower Explosive Limit (%) Not available Relative Vapor Density (air=1) >1 Volatile Component (%vol) 100 Evaporation Rate Not available APPEARANCE Colourless liquid with suffocating odour and high vapour pressure; decomposed by heat and water. Soluble in most organic solvents.

Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY

CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY ■ Presence of incompatible materials. Product is considered stable. Hazardous polymerization will not occur. STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY ■ Hydrogen chloride: reacts strongly with strong oxidisers (releasing chlorine gas), acetic anhydride, caesium cyanotridecahydrodecaborate(2-), ethylidene difluoride, hexalithium disilicide, metal acetylide, sodium, silicon dioxide, tetraselenium tetranitride, and many organic materials is incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aluminium, aluminium-titanium alloys, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal carbides, oleum, organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3- propiolactone, sulfuric acid, uranium phosphide, vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride attacks most metals forming flammable hydrogen gas, and some plastics, rubbers and coatings Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents and acids. Formaldehyde: is a strong reducing agent may polymerise in air unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperatures will polymerize with active organic material such as phenol reacts violently with strong oxidisers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially a elevated temperatures), peroxyformic acid is incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms carcinogenic bis(chloromethyl)ether*), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannins, salts of copper, iron, silver. acid catalysis can produce impurities: methylal, methyl formate Aqueous solutions of formaldehyde: slowly oxidise in air to produce formic acid attack carbon steel Concentrated solutions containing formaldehyde are: unstable, both oxidising slowly to form formic acid and polymerising; in dilute aqueous solutions formaldehyde appears as monomeric hydrate (methylene glycol) - the more concentrated the solution the more polyoxymethylene glycol occurs as oligomers and polymers (methanol and amine-containing compounds inhibit polymer formation) readily subject to polymerisation, at room temperature, in the presence of air and moisture, to form paraformaldehyde (8- 100 units of formaldehyde), a solid mixture of linear polyoxymethylene glycols containing 90-99% formaldehyde; a cyclic trimer, trioxane (CH2O3), may also form. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. *The empirical equation may be used to determine the concentration of bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) formed by reaction with HCl: log(BCME)ppb = -2.25 + 0.67 log(HCHO) ppm + 0.77 log(HCl)ppm Assume values for formaldehyde, in air, of 1 ppm and for HCl of 5 ppm, resulting BCME concentration, in air, would be 0.02 ppb. Segregate from alcohol, water. The tendency of many ethers to form explosive peroxides is well documented. Ethers lacking non-methyl hydrogen atoms adjacent to the ether link are thought to be relatively safe. When solvents have been freed from peroxides (by percolation through a column of activated alumina for example), the absorbed peroxides must promptly be desorbed by treatment with the polar solvents methanol or water, which should be discarded safely. Avoid reaction with oxidizing agents. NOTE: May develop pressure in containers; open carefully. Vent periodically. For incompatible materials - refer to Section 7 - Handling and Storage.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION bis(chloromethyl)ether TOXICITY AND IRRITATION ■ unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. TOXICITY IRRITATION Inhalation (Human) TCLo: 3 ppm/4h Oral (Rat) LD50: 267 mg/kg * Inhalation (Rat) LC50: 7 ppm/7h Inhalation (Mouse) LC50: 25 mg/m³/6h Dermal (Rabbit) LD50: 356 mg/kg* ■ Due to the high chemical reactivity of alpha-halo ethers, toxic effects are expected to be found in this class of compounds. Indeed a number of alpha-halo ethers have proven to be carcinogenic. Epidemiological studies on workers exposed to chloromethyl methyl ether (CME) and bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) showed an increased incidence in lung cancer. In addition the latent period seem to be shorter for these chemicals compared to other known lung carcinogens i.e. 7-15 years compared to 17-25 years. The biological activity of alpha-halo ethers probably comes from the easy formation of reactive intermediates. In addition to possible reaction of alpha-halo ethers with DNA, hydrolysis may also yield toxic product Inhalation of any chloromethyl ethers may cause formation of BMCE in the respiratory tract. BCME is one of the most potent chemical carcinogens known. CME and BCME belong to chemicals referred to as direct-acting agents. They exert their action directly at target sites as opposed to indirect-acting agents which have to be metabolised first to become carcinogenic. Most of the alpha-chloro ethers that have been tested for carcinogenity are bifunctional compounds. This relates to findings for other alkylating agents with respect to carcinogenity: Mono-functional compounds are much less carcinogenic than bifunctional Presumably the carcinogenity of alpha-halo ethers has something to do with the very good leaving group ability of the halogen in these compounds i. e. they are good alkylating agents. beta-Chloro ethers, where the halogen is a not as good a leaving as in the alpha-chloro ethers, are not carcinogenic. The high reactivity of alpha-chloro ethers comes from the stabilization of an intermediate carbocation by lone pair electrons on the oxygen. Anything that reduces the possibility of the lone pair to interact with the incipient carbocation, reduces the reactivity of the alpha-halo ether. WARNING: This substance has been classified by the IARC as Group 1: CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS. Tenth Annual Report on Carcinogens: Substance known to be Carcinogenic [National Toxicology Program: U.S. Dep. of Health and Human Services 2002]. * calculated CARCINOGEN Bis(chloromethyl)ether and chloromethyl International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Group 1 methyl ether (technical-grade) Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs

Hydrochloric acid International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Group 3 Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) US EPA Carcinogens Listing Carcinogenicity A

Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens Carcinogen A Category

bis(Chloromethyl) ether US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens Carcinogen A1 Category

Hydrogen chloride US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens Carcinogen A4 Category

BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER US Environmental Defense Scorecard Recognized Reference(s) P65 Carcinogens

BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER US Environmental Defense Scorecard Suspected Reference(s) P65 Carcinogens

Bis(chloromethyl)ether US Air Toxics Hot Spots TSD for Describing Available IARC Class 1 Cancer Potency Factors

bis(Chloromethyl) ether US NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs) - Carcinogen Ca Carcinogens

Formaldehyde International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Group 1 Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs

Formaldehyde US EPA Carcinogens Listing Carcinogenicity B1

Formaldehyde US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens Carcinogen B1 Category

Formaldehyde US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens Carcinogen A2 Category

FORMALDEHYDE US Environmental Defense Scorecard Recognized Reference(s) P65 Carcinogens

FORMALDEHYDE US Environmental Defense Scorecard Suspected Reference(s) P65 Carcinogens

Formaldehyde US Air Toxics Hot Spots TSD for Describing Available IARC Class 2A Cancer Potency Factors

Formaldehyde US NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs) - Carcinogen Ca Carcinogens SKIN bis(chloromethyl)ether Canada - Ontario Occupational Exposure Limits - Skin Notes Skin bis(chloromethyl)ether US AIHA Workplace Environmental Exposure Levels (WEELs) - Skin Notes Skin

bis(chloromethyl)ether Canada - Quebec Permissible Exposure Values for Airborne Contaminants - Notes Skin Skin (French) bis(chloromethyl)ether Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits - Skin Notation Skin bis(chloromethyl)ether Canada - Alberta Occupational Exposure Limits - Skin Substance 1 Interaction

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Refer to data for ingredients, which follows: FORMALDEHYDE: HYDROGEN CHLORIDE: BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER: ■ DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways. FORMALDEHYDE: BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER: ■ For formaldehyde: Environmental fate: Formaldehyde is ubiquitous in the environment as a contaminant of smoke and as photochemical smog. In the atmosphere, formaldehyde both photolyses and reacts with reactive free radicals (primarily hydroxyl radicals); half-lives in the sunlit tropospheres are 1.25 to 6 hours for photolysis, and 7.13-71.3 hours for reaction with hydroxyl radicals). Reaction with nitrate radicals, insignificant during the day, may be an important removal process at night. Due to its solubility, formaldehyde will efficiently transfer to rain and surface water; one model predicts dry deposition and wet removal half-lives of 19 and 50 hours, respectively. In water, formaldehyde will biodegrade to low concentrations within days; adsorption to sediment and volatilisation are not expected to be significant routes. In soil, aqueous solutions of formaldehyde leach through the soil; at high concentrations adsorption to clay minerals may occur. Although biodegradable under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions the fate of formaldehyde in soil is unclear. It does not bioconcentrate in the food chain. Concentrated solutions containing formaldehyde are unstable, both oxidising slowly to form formic acid and polymerising. In the presence of air and moisture, polymerisation takes place readily in concentrated solutions at room temperature to form paraformaldehyde, a solid mixture of linear polyoxymethylene glycols containing 90-99% formaldehyde. Drinking Water Standards: hydrocarbon total: 10 ug/l (UK max.) pesticide: 0.1 ug/l (UK max.) formaldehyde: 900 ug/l (WHO guideline) Air Quality Standards: <0.1 mg/m3 as a 30 min. average, indoor air, non-industrial buildings (WHO guideline). BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER: ■ Hazardous Air Pollutant: Yes ■ Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 0.9- 3.4 ■ Half- life Soil - High (hours): 0.106 ■ Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 0.0106 ■ Half- life Air - High (hours): 1.96 ■ Half- life Air - Low (hours): 0.196 ■ Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 0.106 ■ Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 106 ■ Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 0.106 ■ Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 0.0106 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 672 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 168 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 2688 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 672 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 100% ■ Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 1.96 ■ Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 0.196 ■ First order hydrolysis half- life (hours): 0.106 ■ Most ethers are very resistant to hydrolysis, and the rate of cleavage of the carbon-oxygen bond by abiotic processes is expected to be insignificant. Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm. ■ for bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME): Due to the relatively short half-life in both air and water, it is unlikely that significant transport or partitioning between media occurs. The primary process for BCME degradation in air is believed to be reaction with photochemically-generated hydroxyl radicals,. Reaction products are believed to include chloromethyl formate, ClHCO, formaldehyde and HCl. The atmospheric halflife due to reaction with hydroxyl radicals is estimated to be 1.36 hours. Hydrolysis in the vapor phase is slower, with an estimated half- life of 25 hours in moist air (80% relative humidity at 25 C). Reaction of BCME with molecular oxygen may also occur, but the rate of this reaction is not known. Other calculations suggest an atmospheric residence time of 0.2 to 2.9 days. Although hydrolysis of BCME to formaldehyde and HCl is highly favored thermodynamically, low levels of BCME may form by the reverse reaction when high concentrations of formaldehyde and HCl are mixed. BCME is rapidly hydrolysed in water to yield formaldehyde and HCl, with a hydrolysis rate constant of 0.018 sec-1 at 20 C. This corresponds to a half-life of approximately 38 seconds. In the environment, formaldehyde and HCl formed by hydrolysis of BCME would be expected to dissipate by diffusion or volatilisation, and BCME hydrolysis would rapidly proceed to completion. It is probable that BCME would rapidly hydrolyze upon contact with moisture in soil or would react with soil constituents. Consequently, it is not expected that BCME would persist for significant periods in soil. log Kow: ;hydrolyzes Half-life (hr) air: >25 BCF: 11 processes Abiotic: fast hydrol,Rxn OH* FORMALDEHYDE: ■ Hazardous Air Pollutant: Yes ■ Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 96- 7200 ■ Daphnia magna EC50 (48hr.) (mg/l): 2 ■ Algae IC50 (72hr.) (mg/l): 0.39- 14 ■ log Kow (Prager 1995): 0.35 ■ log Kow (Sangster 1997): 0.35 ■ log Pow (Verschueren 1983): 0 ■ BOD5: 60% ■ BOD20: 1.228 ■ COD: 100% ■ ThOD: 1.068 ■ Half- life Soil - High (hours): 168 ■ Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 24 ■ Half- life Air - High (hours): 6 ■ Half- life Air - Low (hours): 1.25 ■ Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 168 ■ Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 24 ■ Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 336 ■ Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 48 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 168 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 24 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 672 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 96 ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 99% ■ Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - Low (hours): 57% ■ Aqueous photolysis half- life - High (hours): 6 ■ Aqueous photolysis half- life - Low (hours): 1.25 ■ Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 1.90E+05 ■ Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 4813 ■ Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 71.3 ■ Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 7.13 ■ Harmful to aquatic organisms. ■ Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or watercourses. ■ The material is classified as an ecotoxin* because the Fish LC50 (96 hours) is less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l * Classification of Substances as Ecotoxic (Dangerous to the Environment) Appendix 8, Table 1 Compiler's Guide for the Preparation of International Chemical Safety Cards: 1993 Commission of the European Communities. log Kow: 0-0.35 Half-life (hr) air: 19-50 Henry's atm m³ /mol: 3.27E-07 BOD 5 if unstated: 0-1.1,60% COD: 1.06,100% ThOD: 1.068 HYDROGEN CHLORIDE: ■ Although inorganic chloride ions are not normally considered toxic they can exist in effluents at acutely toxic levels (chloride >3000 mg/l). the resulting salinity can exceed the tolerances of most freshwater organisms. Inorganic chlorine eventually finds its way into the aqueous compartment and as such is bioavailable. Incidental exposure to inorganic chloride may occur in occupational settings where chemicals management policies are improperly applied. The toxicity of chloride salts depends on the counter-ion (cation) present; that of chloride itself is unknown. Chloride toxicity has not been observed in humans except in the special case of impaired sodium chloride metabolism, e.g. in congestive heart failure. Healthy individuals can tolerate the intake of large quantities of chloride provided that there is a concomitant intake of fresh water. Although excessive intake of drinking-water containing sodium chloride at concentrations. above 2.5 g/litre has been reported to produce hypertension, this effect is believed to be related to the sodium ion concentration. Chloride concentrations in excess of about 250 mg/litre can give rise to detectable taste in water, but the threshold depends upon the associated cations. Consumers can, however, become accustomed to concentrations in excess of 250 mg/litre. No health-based guideline value is proposed for chloride in drinking-water. In humans, 88% of chloride is extracellular and contributes to the osmotic activity of body fluids. The electrolyte balance in the body is maintained by adjusting total dietary intake and by excretion via the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Chloride is almost completely absorbed in normal individuals, mostly from the proximal half of the small intestine. Normal fluid loss amounts to about 1.5?2 liters/day, together with about 4 g of chloride per day. Most (90 - 95%) is excreted in the urine, with minor amounts in faeces (4- %) and sweat (2%). Chloride increases the electrical conductivity of water and thus increases its corrosivity. In metal pipes, chloride reacts with metal ions to form soluble salts thus increasing levels of metals in drinking-water. In lead pipes, a protective oxide layer is built up, but chloride enhances galvanic corrosion. It can also increase the rate of pitting corrosion of metal pipes. Ecotoxicity Ingredient Persistence: Persistence: Air Bioaccumulation Mobility Water/Soil bis(chloromethyl)ether LOW LOW LOW HIGH formaldehyde LOW LOW LOW HIGH hydrogen chloride LOW LOW HIGH

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

US EPA Waste Number & Descriptions B. Component Waste Numbers When bis(chloromethyl)ether is present as a solid waste as a discarded commercial chemical product, off-specification species, as a container residue, or a spill residue, use EPA waste number P016 (waste code T). When formaldehyde is present as a solid waste as a discarded commercial chemical product, off-specification species, as a container residue, or a spill residue, use EPA waste number U122 (waste code T). Disposal Instructions All waste must be handled in accordance with local, state and federal regulations. ¦ Puncture containers to prevent re-use and bury at an authorized landfill. Legislation addressing waste disposal requirements may differ by country, state and/ or territory. Each user must refer to laws operating in their area. In some areas, certain wastes must be tracked. A Hierarchy of Controls seems to be common - the user should investigate: Reduction, Reuse Recycling Disposal (if all else fails) This material may be recycled if unused, or if it has not been contaminated so as to make it unsuitable for its intended use. If it has been contaminated, it may be possible to reclaim the product by filtration, distillation or some other means. Shelf life considerations should also be applied in making decisions of this type. Note that properties of a material may change in use, and recycling or reuse may not always be appropriate. DO NOT allow wash water from cleaning equipment to enter drains. Collect all wash water for treatment before disposal. Recycle wherever possible or consult manufacturer for recycling options. Consult Waste Management Authority for disposal. Bury or incinerate residue at an approved site. Recycle containers if possible, or dispose of in an authorized landfill.

Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION

DOT: Symbols: None Hazard class or Division: 6.1 Identification Numbers: UN2249 PG: I Label Codes: 6.1, 3 Special provisions: None Packaging: Exceptions: None Packaging: Non-bulk: 201

Packaging: Exceptions: None Quantity limitations: Forbidden Passenger aircraft/rail:

Quantity Limitations: Cargo Forbidden Vessel stowage: Location: None aircraft only: Vessel stowage: Other: 40 S.M.P.: YES Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping names: Dichlorodimethyl ether, symmetrical Air Transport IATA: ICAO/IATA Class: 6.1 (3) ICAO/IATA Subrisk: None UN/ID Number: 2249 Packing Group: - Special provisions: None Cargo Only Packing Instructions: Forbidden Maximum Qty/Pack: Forbidden Passenger and Cargo Passenger and Cargo Packing Instructions: Forbidden Maximum Qty/Pack: Forbidden Passenger and Cargo Limited Passenger and Cargo Limited Quantity Quantity Packing Instructions: - Maximum Qty/Pack: - Shipping Name: DICHLORODIMETHYL ETHER, SYMMETRICAL Maritime Transport IMDG: IMDG Class: 6.1 IMDG Subrisk: 3 UN Number: 2249 Packing Group: I EMS Number: F-E,S-D Special provisions: 76 Limited Quantities: None Shipping Name: DICHLORODIMETHYL ETHER, SYMMETRICAL

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION bis(chloromethyl)ether (CAS: 542-88-1) is found on the following regulatory lists; "Canada - Alberta Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Northwest Territories Occupational Exposure Limits (English)","Canada - Nova Scotia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Ontario Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Prince Edward Island Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Quebec Permissible Exposure Values for Airborne Contaminants (English)","Canada - Saskatchewan Environmental Persistent or Chronic Hazardous Substances","Canada - Saskatchewan Occupational Health and Safety Regulations - Notifiable Chemical Substances","Canada - Yukon Carcinogens with a Permitted Exposure","Canada - Yukon Permissible Concentrations for Airborne Contaminant Substances","Canada ARET (Accelerated Reduction / Elimination of Toxics) Substance List","Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL)","Canada Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) 1999 - Schedule 1 Toxic Substances List","Canada Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) 1999 - Schedule 3 Export Control List - Part 1 Prohibited Substances","Canada Ingredient Disclosure List (SOR/88-64)","Canada Priority Substances List (PSL1, PSL 2)","Canada Prohibited Toxic Substances (English)","Canada Toxicological Index Service - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - WHMIS (English)","Canada Toxicological Index Service - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - WHMIS (French)","International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs","International Chemical Secretariat (ChemSec) REACH SIN* List (*Substitute It Now!) 1.0","US - Alaska Limits for Air Contaminants","US - California Air Toxics ""Hot Spots"" List (Assembly Bill 2588) Substances for which emissions must be quantified","US - California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) - Hazardous Substances List","US - California Permissible Exposure Limits for Chemical Contaminants","US - California Proposition 65 - Carcinogens","US - California Proposition 65 - No Significant Risk Levels (NSRLs) for Carcinogens","US - California Toxic Air Contaminant List Category II","US - Connecticut Hazardous Air Pollutants","US - Hawaii Air Contaminant Limits","US - Idaho - Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Maine Chemicals of High Concern List","US - Massachusetts Oil & Hazardous Material List","US - Michigan Exposure Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Minnesota Hazardous Substance List","US - Minnesota Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)","US - New Jersey Right to Know Hazardous Substances","US - Oregon Hazardous Materials","US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z1)","US - Pennsylvania - Hazardous Substance List","US - Rhode Island Hazardous Substance List","US - Tennessee Occupational Exposure Limits - Limits For Air Contaminants","US - Vermont Hazardous Constituents","US - Vermont Hazardous Waste - Acutely Hazardous Wastes","US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Final Rule Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Transitional Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Washington Class A toxic air pollutants: Known and Probable Carcinogens","US - Washington Dangerous waste constituents list","US - Washington Discarded Chemical Products List - ""P"" Chemical Products","US - Washington General Occupational Health Standards - List of Carcinogens","US - Washington Permissible exposure limits of air contaminants","US - Wyoming List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics and Reactives","US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z1 Limits for Air Contaminants","US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV)","US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens","US ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels for Hazardous Substances (MRLs)","US CAA (Clean Air Act) - HON Rule - Organic HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants)","US Clean Air Act - Hazardous Air Pollutants","US Department of Homeland Security Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards - Chemicals of Interest","US Department of Transportation (DOT) List of Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities - Hazardous Substances Other Than Radionuclides","US Department of Transportation (DOT) Marine Pollutants - Appendix B","US DOE Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits (TEELs)","US EPA Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) - Interim","US EPA Carcinogens Listing","US EPCRA Section 313 Chemical List","US List of Lists - Consolidated List of Chemicals Subject to the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) and Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act","US National Toxicology Program (NTP) 11th Report Part A Known to be Human Carcinogens","US NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs)","US OSHA Carcinogens Listing","US OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics and Reactives","US OSHA Permissible Exposure Levels (PELs) - Table Z1","US RCRA (Resource Conservation & Recovery Act) - Hazardous Constituents - Appendix VIII to 40 CFR 261","US RCRA (Resource Conservation & Recovery Act) - List of Hazardous Wastes","US SARA Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances","US Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) - Inventory","USA: Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards - List Appendix A - 6CFR 27" Regulations for ingredients formaldehyde (CAS: 50-00-0,8005-38-7,8006-07-3,8013-13-6,112068-71-0) is found on the following regulatory lists; "Canada - Alberta Ambient Air Quality Objectives","Canada - Alberta Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Northwest Territories Occupational Exposure Limits (English)","Canada - Nova Scotia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Ontario Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Prince Edward Island Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Quebec Permissible Exposure Values for Airborne Contaminants (English)","Canada - Saskatchewan Industrial Hazardous Substances","Canada - Saskatchewan Occupational Health and Safety Regulations - Contamination Limits","Canada - Saskatchewan Occupational Health and Safety Regulations - Designated Chemical Substances","Canada - Yukon Permissible Concentrations for Airborne Contaminant Substances","Canada ARET (Accelerated Reduction / Elimination of Toxics) Substance List","Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL)","Canada Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) 1999 - Schedule 1 Toxic Substances List","Canada Ingredient Disclosure List (SOR/88-64)","Canada National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)","Canada Priority Substances List (PSL1, PSL 2)","Canada Toxicological Index Service - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - WHMIS (English)","Canada Toxicological Index Service - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - WHMIS (French)","GESAMP/EHS Composite List - GESAMP Hazard Profiles","IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements","IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk","International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs","International Chemical Secretariat (ChemSec) REACH SIN* List (*Substitute It Now!) 1.0","International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List","OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals","US - Alaska Limits for Air Contaminants","US - California Air Toxics ""Hot Spots"" List (Assembly Bill 2588) Substances for which emissions must be quantified","US - California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) - Hazardous Substances List","US - California OEHHA/ARB - Acute Reference Exposure Levels and Target Organs (RELs)","US - California OEHHA/ARB - Chronic Reference Exposure Levels and Target Organs (CRELs)","US - California Permissible Exposure Limits for Chemical Contaminants","US - California Proposition 65 - Carcinogens","US - California Proposition 65 - No Significant Risk Levels (NSRLs) for Carcinogens","US - California Toxic Air Contaminant List Category II","US - Connecticut Hazardous Air Pollutants","US - Hawaii Air Contaminant Limits","US - Idaho - Acceptable Maximum Peak Concentrations","US - Idaho - Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Maine Chemicals of High Concern List","US - Massachusetts Oil & Hazardous Material List","US - Michigan Exposure Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Minnesota Hazardous Substance List","US - Minnesota Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)","US - New Jersey Right to Know Hazardous Substances","US - Oregon Hazardous Materials","US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z1)","US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z2)","US - Pennsylvania - Hazardous Substance List","US - Rhode Island Hazardous Substance List","US - Tennessee Occupational Exposure Limits - Limits For Air Contaminants","US - Vermont Hazardous Constituents","US - Vermont Hazardous wastes which are Discarded Commercial Chemical Products or Off-Specification Batches of Commercial Chemical Products or Spill Residues of Either","US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Final Rule Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Transitional Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Washington Class A toxic air pollutants: Known and Probable Carcinogens","US - Washington Dangerous waste constituents list","US - Washington Discarded Chemical Products List - ""U"" Chemical Products","US - Washington Permissible exposure limits of air contaminants","US - Wyoming List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics and Reactives","US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z1 Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z-2 Acceptable ceiling concentration, Acceptable maximum peak above the acceptable ceiling concentration for an 8-hr shift","US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV)","US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens","US ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels for Hazardous Substances (MRLs)","US CAA (Clean Air Act) - HON Rule - Organic HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants)","US CERCLA Priority List of Hazardous Substances","US Clean Air Act - Hazardous Air Pollutants","US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Cosmetic ingredients found safe, with qualifications","US CWA (Clean Water Act) - List of Hazardous Substances","US CWA (Clean Water Act) - Reportable Quantities of Designated Hazardous Substances","US Department of Homeland Security Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards - Chemicals of Interest","US Department of Transportation (DOT) List of Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities - Hazardous Substances Other Than Radionuclides","US DOE Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits (TEELs)","US EPA Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) - Interim","US EPA Carcinogens Listing","US EPA High Production Volume Program Chemical List","US EPA Master Testing List - Index I Chemicals Listed","US EPCRA Section 313 Chemical List","US FDA Indirect Food Additives: Adhesives and Components of Coatings - Substances for Use as Components of Coatings - Acrylate ester copolymer coating","US FDA Indirect Food Additives: Adhesives and Components of Coatings - Substances for Use Only as Components of Adhesives - Adhesives","US Food Additive Database","US List of Lists - Consolidated List of Chemicals Subject to the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) and Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act","US National Toxicology Program (NTP) 11th Report Part B. Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen","US NFPA 45 Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals - Flammability Characteristics of Common Compressed and Liquefied Gases","US NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs)","US OSHA Carcinogens Listing","US OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics and Reactives","US OSHA Permissible Exposure Levels (PELs) - Table Z1","US OSHA Permissible Exposure Levels (PELs) - Table Z2","US Postal Service (USPS) Hazardous Materials Table: Postal Service Mailability Guide","US RCRA (Resource Conservation & Recovery Act) - Hazardous Constituents - Appendix VIII to 40 CFR 261","US RCRA (Resource Conservation & Recovery Act) - List of Hazardous Wastes","US SARA Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances","US Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations (SMACs) for Airborne Contaminants","US Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) - Inventory","USA: Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards - List Appendix A - 6CFR 27","WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality - Guideline values for chemicals that are of health significance in drinking-water" hydrogen chloride (CAS: 7647-01-0) is found on the following regulatory lists; "Canada - Alberta Ambient Air Quality Objectives","Canada - Alberta Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Northwest Territories Occupational Exposure Limits (English)","Canada - Nova Scotia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Ontario Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Prince Edward Island Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Quebec Permissible Exposure Values for Airborne Contaminants (English)","Canada - Saskatchewan Industrial Hazardous Substances","Canada - Saskatchewan Occupational Health and Safety Regulations - Contamination Limits","Canada - Yukon Permissible Concentrations for Airborne Contaminant Substances","Canada Controlled Drugs and Substances Act Schedule VI","Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL)","Canada Ingredient Disclosure List (SOR/88-64)","Canada National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)","Canada Prohibited Toxic Substances, Schedule 2, Concentration Limits (English)","Canada Toxicological Index Service - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - WHMIS (English)","Canada Toxicological Index Service - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - WHMIS (French)","CODEX General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA) - Additives Permitted for Use in Food in General, Unless Otherwise Specified, in Accordance with GMP","GESAMP/EHS Composite List - GESAMP Hazard Profiles","IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements","IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk","International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs","International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List","International Maritime Dangerous Goods Requirements (IMDG Code) - Goods Forbidden for Transport","OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals","United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances - Table II","United Nations List of Precursors and Chemicals Frequently used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Under International Control - Table II","US - Alaska Limits for Air Contaminants","US - California Air Toxics ""Hot Spots"" List (Assembly Bill 2588) Substances for which emissions must be quantified","US - California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) - Hazardous Substances List","US - California OEHHA/ARB - Acute Reference Exposure Levels and Target Organs (RELs)","US - California OEHHA/ARB - Chronic Reference Exposure Levels and Target Organs (CRELs)","US - California Permissible Exposure Limits for Chemical Contaminants","US - California Toxic Air Contaminant List Category II","US - Connecticut Hazardous Air Pollutants","US - Hawaii Air Contaminant Limits","US - Idaho - Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Massachusetts Oil & Hazardous Material List","US - Michigan Exposure Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Minnesota Hazardous Substance List","US - Minnesota Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)","US - New Jersey Right to Know Hazardous Substances","US - Oregon Hazardous Materials","US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z1)","US - Pennsylvania - Hazardous Substance List","US - Rhode Island Hazardous Substance List","US - Tennessee Occupational Exposure Limits - Limits For Air Contaminants","US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Final Rule Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Vermont Permissible Exposure Limits Table Z-1-A Transitional Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Washington Permissible exposure limits of air contaminants","US - Wyoming List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics and Reactives","US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z1 Limits for Air Contaminants","US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV)","US ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) - Carcinogens","US Clean Air Act - Hazardous Air Pollutants","US CWA (Clean Water Act) - List of Hazardous Substances","US CWA (Clean Water Act) - Reportable Quantities of Designated Hazardous Substances","US Department of Homeland Security Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards - Chemicals of Interest","US Department of Transportation (DOT) List of Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities - Hazardous Substances Other Than Radionuclides","US DOE Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits (TEELs)","US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) List I and II Regulated Chemicals","US EPA Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) - Final","US EPA High Production Volume Chemicals Additional List","US EPA Master Testing List - Index I Chemicals Listed","US EPCRA Section 313 Chemical List","US Food Additive Database","US List of Lists - Consolidated List of Chemicals Subject to the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) and Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act","US NFPA 45 Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals - Flammability Characteristics of Common Compressed and Liquefied Gases","US NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs)","US OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics and Reactives","US OSHA Permissible Exposure Levels (PELs) - Table Z1","US Postal Service (USPS) Hazardous Materials Table: Postal Service Mailability Guide","US SARA Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances","US Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations (SMACs) for Airborne Contaminants","US Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) - Inventory" Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION

LIMITED EVIDENCE ■ Potentially explosive peroxides may form on standing.*. ■ Cumulative effects may result following exposure*. ■ May produce discomfort of the eyes respiratory tract and skin*. ■ Repeated exposure potentially causes skin dryness and cracking*. ■ Vapors potentially cause drowsiness and dizziness*. * (limited evidence). Ingredients with multiple CAS Nos Ingredient Name CAS formaldehyde 50-00-0, 8005-38-7, 8006-07-3, 8013-13-6, 112068-71-0

Reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this information, but the author makes no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to this information. The author makes no representations and assumes no liability for any direct, incidental or consequential damages resulting from its use. For additional technical information please call our toxicology department on +800 CHEMCALL. ■ Classification of the mixture and its individual components has drawn on official and authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification committee using available literature references. A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at: www.chemwatch.net/references. ■ The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk Assessment. Many factors determine whether the reported Hazards are Risks in the workplace or other settings. Risks may be determined by reference to Exposures Scenarios. Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering controls must be considered.

This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.

Issue Date: Feb-11-2009 Print Date:Apr-22-2010