The Continuing Agrarian Struggle in Hacienda Luisita
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Abbreviations For Land & Justice: AMBALA Hacienda Luisita Farmworkers Alliance AFP Armed Forces of the Philippines AMGL Central Luzon Peasant Alliance The Continuing Agrarian Struggle AMT Tarlac Peasant Alliance APC armored personnel carrier APECO Aurora Pacific Economic Zone and Freeport in Hacienda Luisita APFU Application to Purchase and Farmers’ Undertaking AFP Armed Forces of the Philippines BCDA Bases Conversion Development Authority REPORT OF THE 2013 HACIENDA LUISITA FACT-FINDING MISSION BIN Barangay Intelligence Network Brgy barangay, village BSP Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, Central Bank THE HACIENDA LUISITA NATIONAL FACT-Finding MISSION (NFFM) CAFGU Civilian Auxiliary Forces Geographical Unit CARP/ER Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program spearheaded by the Unyon ng Manggagawa saAgrikultura (UMA, Federation of / Extension with Reforms Agricultural Workers), its local affiliate Alyansa ng mga Manggagawang-Bukid sa CAT Central Azucarera de Tarlac CATLU Central Azucarera de Tarlac Labor Union Asyenda Luisita (AMBALA, Hacienda Luisita Farmworkers Alliance) and the Of- CBA Collective Bargaining Agreement fice of Anakpawis Party-list Representative Fernando Hicap, was launched to verify CHI Centennary Holdings, Inc. CLOA Certificate of Land Ownership Award reports of fraud, militarization and new cases of landgrabbing before, during and CPP Communist Party of the Philippines after the Department of Agrarian Reform’s (DAR) land distribution activities in CSI Crime Scene Investigation DAR Department of Agrarian Reform Hacienda Luisita, a vast sugar estate in Tarlac province controlled by the family of DOLE Department of Labor and Employment President Benigno Simeon “Noynoy” Cojuangco Aquino III. EO Executive Order FWB farmworker-beneficiary GARB Genuine Agrarian Reform Bill GSIS Government Systems Insurance Service The NFFM, held from groups Bulatlat.com and acting chairperson of AM- GSW gunshot wound September 16-17, 2013 was Pinoy Weekly. The NFFM BALA. The arrest was un- HLI Hacienda Luisita, Incorporated participated in by over 50 was preceded by a 3-day im- dertaken by elements of the IB / IBPA Infantry Battalion, Philippine Army ID Infantry Division individuals from Manila and mersion program by student Tarlac City police on orders IFI Filipino Independent Church Central Luzon representing organizations of the De La of the Cojuangco-Aquino LBP Land Bank of the Philippines Sentro para sa Tunay na Re- Salle University College of firm Tarlac Development LEM Luisita Estate Management pormang Agraryo (SENTRA, St. Benilde from September Corporation (TADECO). LIP Luisita Industrial Park LIPCO Luisita Industrial Park Corporation Legal Center for Genuine 13-15. All activities were Several individual inter- LRC Luisita Realty Corporation Agrarian Reform), Kilusang held within the villages of views and surveys were also KMP Peasant Movement of the Philippines Magbubukid ng Pilipinas Cutcut (Sta. Catalina), Ma- conducted to complement MOA Memorandum of Agreement MRTC Manila Regional Trial Court (KMP, Peasant Movement palacsiao and Balete in Tar- this report. These were ac- MTC Municipal Trial Court of the Philippines), Amihan lac City. complished in five villages NDFP National Democratic Front of the Philippines (National Peasant Women’s The mission was capped – Balete, Cutcut, Mapalac- NFFM National Fact-Finding Mission NOLCOM Northern Luzon Command of the AFP Organization), Pamalakaya by the violent and unlawful siao, Bantog and Asturias NPA New People’s Army (National Fisherfolk Organi- arrest of 11 of its delegates: all in Tarlac City – through PARC Presidential Agrarian Reform Council zation), National Network of Anakpawis Rep. Fernando the efforts and support of PARO Provincial Agrarian Reform Office Php Philippine Peso Agrarian Reform Advocates- Hicap and his Congress the Hacienda Luisita Peas- PNP Philippine National Police Youth (NNARA-Youth), and National Headquarters ant Support Network, PP Presidential Proclamation the national chapter of the staff members Karl Mae San Rural Missionaries of The Pres. President human rights group KARA- Juan, Rene Blasan, Kerima Philippines (RMP), Stu- Rep. Representative RCBC Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation PATAN; Tanggol Magsasaka Acosta and Danilo Ramos, dent Alliance for the Ad- RTC Regional Trial Court (Farmers Support Group), Anakpawis spokesperson and vancement of Democratic Sec. Secretary Promotion of Church Peo- former secretary-general of Rights in the University of SAKDAL Luisita Democratic Youth Association SC Supreme Court ple’s Response (PCPR), Aly- KMP; Tanggol Magsasaka the Philippines, Diliman SCTEX Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway ansa ng mga Magbubukid volunteer Sister Patricia Fox, (STAND-UP) and the SDO Stock Distribution Option sa Gitnang Luzon (AMGL, cultural worker Ericson Acos- Philippine Collegian. SENTRA Center for Genuine Agrarian Reform, legal counsel of AMBALA Central Luzon Peasant Al- ta, KARAPATAN volunteer UMA releases this com- SWAT – Special Weapons and Tactics liance), Bagong Alyansang Ronald Matthew Gustilo, prehensive report on Haci- TAD ECO Tarlac Development Corporation Makabayan-Gitnang Luzon and Luisita residents Ange- enda Luisita as contribution TPLEX Tarlac-Parangasinan-La Union Expressway TRO temporary restraining order (BAYAN-GL, New Patri- lina Nunag, Luz Versola of to the people’s struggle for U LW U United Luisita Workers Union otic Alliance-Central Lu- local youth group SAKDAL, social justice and genuine UMA Unyon ng mga Manggagawa sa Agrikultura * dark grey areas are agricultural LAND zon) and alternative media and Florida “Pong” Sibayan, agrarian reform. (Federation of Agricultural Workers) UN United Nations UNYON NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA AGRIKUltURA 4 I 2013 HACIENDA LUISITA NATIONAL FACT-FINDING REPOrt for LAND & JUSTICE I 5 The Cojuangco-Aquino clan “It will pave the way for the sale to In 1967, Conrado Estrella of the Land Au- acquires Hacienda Luisita bona fide planters on a long term basis thority inquired in writing with TADECO portions of the hacienda. This would if they had complied with the SBP and Hacienda Luisita was originally owned by provide an opportunity for deserving GSIS conditions of land distribution. Jose a Spanish hacendero, Don Antonio Lopez planters to own choice agricultural Cojuangco, Sr. replied that when they took y Lopez who named the estate after his lands.” over Luisita, there were no tenants and that wife, Luisa Bru y Lassus. The estate was “It will pave the way for the Fili- they only had to hire farmworkers. once partly a tobacco plantation owing to pino groups to subdivide the present During this time, President Ferdinand the nature of Don Antonio’s company, the barrio sites into small lots to be sold Marcos was early into his first term while Compania General de Tabacos de Filipinas on long-term basis to bona-fide bar- Ninoy Aquino, who later emerged as Mar- or TABACALERA which also controlled rio residents. The purchase therefore cos’ most bitter critic and political rival, vast landholdings in Cagayan and Isabela would provide an opportunity to for won a seat as the youngest Senator of the provinces. the long-time residents within the ha- Republic. The earliest labor union in Hacienda Lu- cienda to acquire their homesites.” But it was also a time of rejuvenation isita was the Hacienda Luisita Labor Union for the progressive mass movement with (HLLU) whose first president was Come- Since then, sugar production in Hacienda the emergence of several people’s organi- des Romero. Eventually, Comedes sided Luisita has always been a Cojuangco-Aqui- zations and formations championing the with management and went against ordi- no enterprise. The Cojuangcos acquired the democratic rights of workers, peasants and nary farmworkers. estate through the prodding of President oppressed sectors of society. In Hacienda Even before the Cojuangco-Aquino take- Ramon Magsaysay, with whom Benigno Luisita, farmworkers also organized them- over, the United Luisita Workers Union Simeon “Ninoy” Aquino, Jr. worked for as selves to assert their rights. (ULWU) was founded in 1956. By then personal assistant. Hacienda Luisita would In Tarlac, the peasant war was reignited the ULWU won over the HLLU as official be distributed to farmers after ten years un- when the discredited HMB was replaced by union. The management refused to recog- der Magsaysay’s social justice program. the New People’s Army (NPA). The NPA nize the ULWU, prompting the new union Magsaysay was principal sponsor in Ni- was founded March 1969 in Capas, a town to wage a 4-day strike where the ULWU noy Aquino’s wedding to Jose Sr.’s daughter adjacent to Hacienda Luisita. emerged victorious. Eventually, Luisita Corazon or “Cory.” When Hacienda Lu- The Cojuangco-Aquino clan continued management employed various devices to isita and the CAT went under the control to repress farmworkers with the systematic subvert the militant nature of this union. of Jose Cojuangco Sr.’s Tarlac Development infiltration of pro-management unionists The Central Azucarera de Tarlac Labor Un- Corporation (TADECO) in May 11, 1958, in the ULWU. Even before Martial Law, ion (CATLU) is another prominent labor Ninoy Aquino became Luisita’s first admin- peasant leader Cecilio Sumat was disap- union established in Hacienda Luisita. istrator. peared. Sumat led workers in a campaign Hacienda Luisita When the lease contract of the Span- After his death in a plane crash, Magsay- to push an agreement between TADECO : iards neared its expiration, farmworkers say was succeeded by President Carlos