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Home , Cuttlefish, Pecten maximus

European market observatory for and products PROFILE: KING

KING SCALLOP ( MAXIMUS)

BIOLOGY AND

• Species description (Read more) The King scallop is one of the main species of the Pectinidae.

• Geographical distribution and habitat (Read more) The King scallop lives in the North-East Atlantic.

RESOURCE, EXPLOITATION AND MANAGEMENT

• Stocks and resource status/conservation measures (Read more) Minimum conservation size is established at 110 mm of total length in the and in the Eastern English Channel and 100 mm in other areas.

• Production methods and fishing gears (Read more) The main fishing gear used is the scallop dredge.

Source : Information system on commercial designations European market observatory for fisheries and aquaculture products SPECIES PROFILE King scallop

CATCHES

• The share of king scallop in the global catches is 0,09% (FAO, 2018). • At global level, catches have remained relatively stable between 2009 and 2017 and have significantly increased between 2017 and 2018 (by 51%).

Evolution of world catches (tonnes)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

EU 28 57.092 61.145 60.385 61.048 63.246 52.986 52.036 55.861 55.817 87.869 Isle of Man 1.578 1.316 1.533 1.560 1.298 1.517 2.565 3.152 3.339 1.928

Norway 748 748 739 676 678 748 556 546 488 561

Channel Islands 413 516 396 397 410 475 344 363 400 407

Total 59.831 63.725 63.053 63.681 65.632 55.726 55.501 59.922 60.044 90.765 Source: FAO

Evolution of EU catches (tonnes) • The EU king scallop catches represented 97% of the global catches in 2018. • France and the UK provided 96% of EU production in 2018.

Others France

3.137

24.697 Catches (2018, tonnes) 117 700 3.605 3.477 3.224 3.535 2.320 France 4.405 2.979 3.417 4.184 2.916 United 31.183 Kingdom 30.780 28.849 32.484 27.606 28.266 25.272 Ireland 26.752 26.895 24.697 60.035 Belgium

60.035 Tonnes Other 26.888 28.312 28.458 27.128 25.081 25.029 22.050 22.225 24.616

2 009 2 010 2 011 2 012 2 013 2 014 2 015 2 016 2 017 2 018

Source: FAO European market observatory for fisheries and aquaculture products SPECIES PROFILE King scallop

AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION

• According to FAO-Fishstat, the world aquaculture production of scallop was about 37 tonnes in 2018. Within the EU, only 6 tonnes were produced in the UK.

PROCESSING

• 2 PRODCOM codes partly refer to scallop: - 10 20 32 50: “molluscs (scallop, , , and ), frozen, dried, salted or in brine”. - 10 20 34 00: “crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic and seaweed, otherwise prepared or preserved”.

In both codes, the share of king scallop is very limited.

• Within the EU (particularly in the most consumer Member States), there is a great demand for fresh , in live shell-on. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest by Ho.Re.Ca segment for processed scallops' products: - Spain: restaurants demand a frozen product, individually packaged and half shell, ready to cook. The scallop is gutted and presented in half shell, and part of the production is marketed frozen. The result is a high-quality product. - France: shucked meat, chilled or frozen, and preparations such as shucked meat in sauce.

• In the United Kingdom, the scallop processing and wholesale is mostly combined with other and crustacean as well as . There are 81 active shellfish processors which may suggest that 62 still reflects scallop processing.

(Source: Comparative analysis of scallop value chains) European market observatory for fisheries and aquaculture products SPECIES PROFILE King scallop TRADE • Combined nomenclature

• EU imports-exports: Trade of scallops is mostly intra-EU, with France and the UK as main exporting countries, and France, Spain and Italy as major importing countries.

EU trade of scallop products (tonnes - 2019) CN code Product EU imports EU exports 1 03 07 21 00 Scallops , live, fresh or chilled 707 110

03 07 22 10 Coquilles Saint-Jacques (), frozen 57 289 2 03 07 22 90 Scallops , frozen, even in shell (excl. Coquilles St Jacques 14.591 1.977 "Pecten maximus") 1 03 07 29 00 Scallops , other (= dried, smoked, salted or in brine) 632 94

3 16 05 52 00 Scallops , prepared or preserved 0 280 1 Scallops, including queen scallops, of the genera Pecten, Chlamys or Placopecten 2 Scallops excluding Pecten maximus 3 including queen scallops

Extra EU trade of king scallops is marginal. Extra-EU trade concerns other scallops’ species. Main extra-EU suppliers are: • For frozen scallops: Peru (3.902 tonnes), Argentina 2.759 tonnes) and USA (1.866 tonnes). Most important Extra-EU destination is Vietnam (1.803 tonnes). Source: EUROSTAT-COMEXT European market observatory for fisheries and aquaculture products SPECIES PROFILE King scallop

Supply balance EU supply balance (20181) – Tonnes of live weight equivalent2 - Scallops: Production data concern the king scallop while trade data include other species of scallops.

Production Import 87.875 tonnes 87.130 tonnes

Supply Export 175.005 tonnes 18.928 tonnes

Apparent consumption 156.077 tonnes

Source: FAO/ EUROSTAT-COMEXT

1 Supply balance is provided for the year 2018 (trade data for 2018 were taken into account). Detailed trade data provided in the slide 4 concern the year 2019. 2 The conversion factors were used to convert net weight of imports and exports of and aquaculture products into live weight equivalents. European market observatory for fisheries and aquaculture products SPECIES PROFILE King scallop

PRICES ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN (EUR/kg)

First-sale (alive/fresh) First-sale prices are provided for France, the major EU producer. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source France 2,29 2,40 2,39 2,47 2,74 2,97 3,03 2,99 2,71 2,59 EUMOFA

Wholesale (fresh) Wholesale prices are reported for Mercabarna, as it is a major wholesale market in the EU.

Mean price 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source Spain 6,96 7,41 7,65 7,37 7,4 11,01 13,75 16,94 17,62 17,44 Mercabarna (Barcelona)

Import Scallops (including king scallop) are mainly imported fresh. France is the main importer from third countries. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source France 14,68 17,62 18,98 19,76 20,88 24,95 26,42 23,71 21,09 23,07 EUMOFA (fresh)

Export Export prices refer to Denmark, France and the Netherlands, as they are the major EU exporters to Extra-EU countries. Scallops (including king scallop) are exported mainly frozen and prepared/ preserved. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source Denmark (frozen) 9,39 13,09 13,21 10,37 17,08 21,84 24,75 3,98 4,31 3,74 EUMOFA Netherlands (frozen) 8,49 8,53 8,49 17,53 16,10 20,57 24,96 17,26 10,59 10,76 EUMOFA Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 24,85 23,59 23,88 20,04 19,73 EUMOFA (Prepared) France (frozen) 6,37 10,13 8,21 10,79 8,73 11,60 13,75 1,86 1,98 5,59 EUMOFA

France (Prepared) n.a. n.a. 6,72 6,63 7,45 7,88 8,30 8,12 8,18 9,82 EUMOFA European market observatory for fisheries and aquaculture products SPECIES PROFILE King scallop

MARKETING ASPECTS

• Commercial designations in all EU official languages (Read more) • Common marketing standards (Read more)

CONSUMPTION

Nutritional value King scallop kilo calories (kcal) 82 Kilojoule (kJ) 348 • Nutritional value (King scallop, Water (g) 79,3 North East Atlantic, values per 100 Ashes (g) 1,6 g – source: NUTRAQUA/AQUIMER) Proteins (g) 17 Carbohydrates (g) 1 Lipids (g) 1,2 Cholesterol (mv) 42,2 Omega 6 (mg) 60 Omega 3 (mg) 319 EPA (mg) 121 DHA (mg) 137