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Community Analysis of Offshore MCZ Grab and Video Data (2014)

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JNCC Report No. 588 Community Analysis of Offshore MCZ Grab and Video Data (2014) Chris Allen, Magnus Axelsson & Steven Dewey April 2016 © JNCC, Peterborough 2016 ISSN 0963 8901 For further information please contact: Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY http://jncc.defra.gov.uk This report should be cited as: Allen, C., Axelsson, M. & Dewey S. 2016. Community analysis of offshore MCZ grab and video data (2014). A report to JNCC by Seastar Survey Ltd. JNCC Report No. 588. JNCC, Peterborough. Community analysis of offshore MCZ grab and video data Summary The Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 allows for the creation of a type of Marine Protected Area (MPA), called a Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ). MCZs are intended to provide protection to a range of nationally important marine wildlife, habitats, geology and geomorphology, and can be designated anywhere in English and Welsh inshore and UK offshore waters. Government policy dictates that establishment of MCZs should be based on the “best available evidence”. The Marine Conservation Zone Project has identified a number of potential MCZs in English inshore and English, Welsh and Northern Irish offshore waters. A number of surveys have been undertaken to gather evidence on the composition of seabed habitats and communities within MCZ areas. Seastar Survey Ltd. was contracted by JNCC in financial year 2013/14 to undertake statistical analysis on benthic community data collected from several offshore MCZs. The results of these analyses were then used to assign biotopes to the survey data based on both the Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland (Connor et al 2004) and EUNIS classification scheme. Data were supplied as faunal abundance counts from both benthic grab samples and from video footage and still images. Various different methodologies were used to rationalise data sets before undertaking multivariate statistical analyses using the PRIMER software package. Data from four offshore MCZs were analysed: South-West Deeps (West) MCZ North-East of Farnes Deep MCZ (formerly Rock Unique rMCZ) Swallow Sand MCZ East of Haig Fras MCZ The following European Nature Information System (EUNIS)1 biotopes were assigned after multivariate analysis of the survey data: North East of Farnes Deep – 4x level 4 habitats (SS.SCS.OCS; SS.SSa.OSa; SS.SMx.CMx and SS.SMx.OMx) and 3x level 5 biotopes (SS.SSa.CFiSa.EpusOborApri; SS.SSa.OSa.OfusAfil; SS.SSa.OSa.SpnMac; SS.SMx.OMx.PoVen) East of Haig Fras – 4x level 4 habitats (SS.SCS.OCS, SS.SSa.OSa; SS.SMu.OMu; SS.SMx.OMx) and 3x level 5 biotopes (CR.HCR.DpSp.(PhaAxi); SS.SSa.CFiSa.EpusOborApri; SS.SMx.OMx.PoVen) South-West Deeps (West) – 4x level 4 habitats (SS.SCS.OCS; SS.SSa.OSa; SS.SMu.OMu; SS.SMx.OMx) and 3x level 5 biotopes (SS.SSa.OSa.(Pex); SS.SSa.OSa.(Ech); SS.SMx.OMx.PoVen; SS.SMx.OMx.Csmi) Swallow Sand – 4x level 3 biotopes (SS.SSa.OSa; SS.SMu.CFiMu; SS.SMu.OMu; SS.SMx.CMx) and 4x level 4 sub-biotopes (SS.SSa.OSa.MalDef; SS.SSa.OSa.Dari; SS.SMu.CFiMu.SpnMeg; SS.SMu.OMu.PjefThyAfil) New biotopes included ‘Seapens and macrofauna on deep circalittoral fine sand’ (SS.SSa.OSa.SpnMac), ‘Deep circalittoral sand with heart urchins’ (SS.SSa.OSa.(Ech)), ‘Deep circalittoral sand with Paraphellia expansa’ (SS.SSa.OSa.(Pex)), ‘Deep circalittoral mixed sediment with Caryophyllia smithii’ (SS.SMx.OMx.Csmi) and ‘Deep circalittoral muddy sand with Ditrupa arietina’ (SS.SSa.OSa.Dari). The various limitations encountered during the project are discussed. The two principal limitations included a general lack of taxa present within the video/still data sets, and level of taxonomic identification that could be made from video/still data. The multivariate analysis 1 http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/ Community analysis of offshore MCZ grab and video data methods employed were generally unable to reliably assign biotopes to video and still data based on faunal community data alone. Community analysis of offshore MCZ grab and video data Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 2 Methodology ................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Benthic grab sample data ....................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 Rationalisation ................................................................................................. 3 2.1.2 Data treatment ................................................................................................. 4 2.1.3 Multivariate analyses ....................................................................................... 4 2.1.4 Biotope designation ......................................................................................... 4 2.2 Video footage and still image sample data .............................................................. 5 2.2.1 Rationalisation ................................................................................................. 5 2.2.2 Data treatment ................................................................................................. 6 2.2.3 Multivariate analyses ....................................................................................... 6 2.2.4 Biotope designation ......................................................................................... 7 2.3 Limitations .............................................................................................................. 7 3 Results ......................................................................................................................... 8 3.1 North East of Farnes Deep MCZ – grab data .......................................................... 8 3.1.1 Data rationalisation .......................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 Univariate statistical analysis ........................................................................... 8 3.1.3 Multivariate statistical analysis ......................................................................... 9 3.1.4 Spatial distribution of samples ....................................................................... 16 3.1.5 Biotope designation ....................................................................................... 17 3.2 East of Haig Fras MCZ – grab data ....................................................................... 20 3.2.1 Data rationalisation ........................................................................................ 20 3.2.2 Univariate statistical analysis ......................................................................... 20 3.2.3 Multivariate statistical analysis ....................................................................... 21 3.2.4 Spatial distribution of samples ....................................................................... 29 3.2.5 Biotope designation ....................................................................................... 30 3.3 South-West Deeps (West) MCZ – grab data ......................................................... 34 3.3.1 Data rationalisation ........................................................................................ 34 3.3.2 Univariate statistical analysis ......................................................................... 34 3.3.3 Multivariate statistical analysis ....................................................................... 39 3.3.4 Spatial distribution of samples ....................................................................... 53 3.3.5 Biotope designation ....................................................................................... 55 3.4 Swallow Sand MCZ – grab data ............................................................................ 62 3.4.1 Data rationalisation ........................................................................................ 62 3.4.2 Univariate statistical analysis ......................................................................... 62 3.4.3 Multivariate statistical analysis ....................................................................... 64 3.4.4 Spatial distribution of samples ....................................................................... 68 3.4.5 Biotope designation ....................................................................................... 74 3.5 North East of Farnes Deep MCZ – video and stills data ........................................ 78 3.5.1 Video data ..................................................................................................... 78 3.5.2 Stills data ....................................................................................................... 82 3.5.3 Biotope designation ....................................................................................... 87 3.6 East of Haig Fras MCZ – video and stills data ....................................................... 90 3.6.1 CEND0513 video data ................................................................................... 90 3.6.2 CEND0513 stills data ..................................................................................... 94 3.6.3 CEND0513 biotope designation ..................................................................... 99 3.6.4 CEND0312 video data ................................................................................. 103 3.6.5 CEND0312 stills data ..................................................................................
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