DOCSLIB.ORG

United States of America

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
United States of America responsible for editing the peer-reviewed Journal of UNITED STATES OF Cold Regions Engineering published by ASCE. The quarterly Journal publishes practice- and research- AMERICA oriented articles from any area of civil engineering that is substantially related to cold regions. Topics US PERMAFROST ASSOCIATION include permafrost and seasonal frost, ice engineering, construction, environmental quality, The annual meeting of the US Permafrost snow and ice control, and cold regions materials. Association (USPA) Board of Directors and a The Journal currently publishes 25 to 30 refereed general member meeting was held on December 12 papers per year. at the 2017 Fall Meeting of the American In 2017, CRED was one of the sponsors of the Geophysical Union in New Orleans, Louisiana. Congress on Technical Advancement held in Duluth, Current USPA membership includes: 20 student MN on 10-13 September. The theme of the members, 45 regular members, 22 corporate/non- congress was Superior Performance in a Changing profits/lifetime members, for a total of 99 members Climate and it brought together engineers from the (including several non-US members). The annual Aerospace Division, Committee on Adaptation to a meeting convened at the Howling Wolf and was Changing Climate, CRED, Construction Institute, attended by approximately 150 members and their Energy Division, Forensic Engineering Division and guests. the Infrastructure Resilience Division. Permafrost Anna Liljedahl became the new President of was a common topic in many of the presentations. A the USPA. Dmitry Streletsky was elected President- published proceedings was produced and is Elect, John Thornley elected Board Member-at- available through ASCE Publications. The ASCE Large, and Molly McGraw re-elected Secretary. Cold Regions Engineering Awards were presented We regret to announce the unexpected death at a conference luncheon with Douglas J. Goering of Andrew Slater in September 2017. Drew was a receiving the Harold R. Peyton Award for Cold research scientist at the National Snow & Ice Data Regions Engineering and Howard P. Thomas Center (NSIDC) in Boulder, CO. The USPA received receiving the Can – Am Civil Engineering Amity a generous donation from Drew’s family to establish Award. All of the Committees of CRED met at the the Andrew Slater Memorial Scholarship for early Conference and the first meeting of the Committee career Arctic researchers. At the USPA General charged with updating the ASCE Standard on Frost Meeting, Heidi Rodenhizer (Northern Arizona Protected Shallow Foundations also occurred at the University) was the first recipient of the scholarship. Conference. The U.S. Permafrost Association, together The Environmental and Public Health with the American Geosciences Institute (AGI), Engineering Committee of CRED is currently provides a Permafrost Monthly Alerts (PMA) on updating the Cold Regions Utilities Monograph that’s USPA web site widely used as a reference by many engineers (http://www.uspermafrost.org/monthly-alerts.shtml). working in areas of permafrost. This document is The AGI GeoRef service regularly scans the scheduled to be published in late 2018. contents of over 3500 journals in 40 languages from ASCE is also co-sponsoring the upcoming the global geosciences literature, comprised of 2018 Arctic Technology Conference in Houston, TX approximately 345 different sources. In addition to on November 5-7 to discuss the latest technologies, journals, special publications such as papers in responsibilities, and practices for responsible proceedings and hard-to-find publications are exploration and production in the Arctic where provided. Where available, a direct link to the permafrost can be a major challenge. The next publication is included in the PMA. In 2017 there ASCE International Conference on Cold Regions were approximately 1500 accessions of which 1000 Engineering is tentatively scheduled for 2019 in were conference abstracts including all XI ICOP Quebec City. abstracts. See our website for current and past activities: http://www.uspermafrost.org/. International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAFG) American Society of Civil Engineers IAEG Commission 21: Engineering Geology of ASCE has reorganized the former Technical Council Permafrost Regions has been inactive for several on Cold Regions Engineering (TCCRE) into the new years and is currently being re-invigorated. Ed Cold Regions Engineering Division (CRED). CRED Yarmak from the USA has assumed Commission has five technical committees that assess and report chair and Dmitry Sergeev from Russia continues as on effects of cold regions environments upon Commission secretary. At the IAEG Council Meeting engineering design, construction, and operations. in Kathmandu on November 26, 2017, the call for Additionally, the Publication Committee of CRED is new membership of the committee was initiated. The 1 committee is preparing to produce a white paper to the permafrost changes in the 21st century” project help small communities assess when they need to the GIPL team modeled the permafrost dynamics of initiate engineering studies to maintain existing North Slope of Alaska through 2100 using Ecotype infrastructure on permafrost as the climate warms. approach. As part of “Community based permafrost The cost of prevention and remediation is generally and climate monitoring in rural Alaska” the GIPL small compared to the cost of replacement. team established 18 new ground temperature monitoring stations in the Upper Kuskokwim region Institution Member Activities: of Alaska. Visit Geophysical Institute Permafrost U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Laboratory website for further details on the current Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) and past projects, data, reports, publications of all The U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and GIPL members, and latest permafrost news, Engineering Laboratory reports on a variety of active www.permafrostwatch.org. research and engineering projects. Extensive GIPL Team: Vladimir Romanovsky, Sergey excavations and upgraded facilities are ongoing for Marchenko, Dmitry Nicolsky, Alexander Kholodov, the Permafrost Tunnel near Fairbanks in 2018. The Reginald Muskett, William Cable, Santosh Panda, ultimate goal is a three dimensional test bed for Louise Farquharson, Lily Cohen, and Kirill Dolgikh. geophysical and remote sensed measurements of massive ice features. For the past few years CRREL George Washington University has conducted a successful permafrost thawing Professors Nikolay Shiklomanov and Dmitry experiment at the Fairbanks Permafrost Experiment Streletskiy continued to manage the long-term NSF- Station in collaboration with Lawrence Berkeley funded Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) National Laboratory where fiber optic cables have Project. In August 2017, a group of GWU, Michigan been demonstrated to serve as an early detection State University (MSU), and University of Montana system for permafrost degradation. Ongoing (UM) faculty and students continued field work in engineering design and siting for infrastructure at northern Alaska. This year’s team consisted of GWU Thule, Greenland has included geological, undergrads, Patrick Huggins and Emily Evenden; geotechnical, design and remediation work. UM graduate student, Brianna Rick; and MSU Supporting Moose Creek Dam Flood Control Project graduate students, Kelsey Nyland (GWU Alumna) upgrades, CRREL conducted extensive geophysics and Clayton Queen. to delineate frozen vs thawed zones and identify In July 2017, Drs. Shiklomanov and changes in soil class. Supporting NSF's new Streletskiy, graduate student Luis Suter, and 8 development at McMurdo Station Antarctica, CRREL undergraduate students participated in an provided review and recommendation of site international field course in Western Siberia. conditions for infrastructure foundations to be placed Funded through the Arctic Partnerships for on frozen volcanic bedrock. Supporting the Army International Research and Education (PIRE) grant, High Altitude Research Facility upgrade on Pikes the group traveled from Moscow to field sites in Peak Colorado in conjunction with Colorado Springs Salekhard and Vorkuta. Colorado, CRREL provided review and recommendation of the site conditions and proposed 2017 publications: foundation for new infrastructure to be placed on ice- Streletsky, D.A., Shiklomanov, N.I., Little, J.D., rich decomposed bedrock. A variety of ongoing and Nelson, F.E., Brown, J., Nyland, K.E., and new projects are focused on identifying thermokarst Klene, A.E. (2017). Thaw subsidence in risks and studying habitat-hydrology-permafrost undisturbed tundra landscapes, Barrow, thaw linkages across interior Alaska. Alaska, 1962-2015. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 28(3): 566-572. Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory, University of Alaska Fairbanks Michigan State University and Northern Michigan The Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory University (GIPL) research team led by Prof. Vladimir Michigan State University’s (MSU) permafrost group Romanovsky continued the development of the consists of Adjunct Professor Fritz Nelson, Ph.D. observation borehole network for the thermal state of student Kelsey Nyland, and M.S. student Clayton permafrost (TSP) monitoring in Alaska, Russia, and Queen. The group is investigating periglacial Central Asia as part of the Arctic Observing Network landforms in the unglaciated uplands of interior and project “Development of sustainable observations of western Alaska. Our specific focus
Load more

Recommended publications
  • View of Theoretical Approaches 51
    University of Alberta Caribou Hunting at Ice Patches: Seasonal Mobility and Long-term Land-Use in the Southwest Yukon By Vandy E. Bowyer A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology © Vandy E. Bowyer Spring 2011 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. In memory of Tagish ABSTRACT Recently documented ice patch sites in the southwest Yukon are ideal for evaluating precontact hunter-gatherer land-use patterns in the western subarctic. Located in the alpine of the mountainous regions of the boreal forest, ice patches are associated with well preserved hunting equipment, caribou (Rangifer tarandus) dung and an abundance of faunal remains dating to over 8000 years ago. However, current models are inadequate for explaining caribou hunting at ice patches as they tend to emphasize large-scale communal hunts associated with latitudinal movements of caribou. Much less is known about the alititudinal movment of caribou and the associated hunting forays to ice patches in the alpine.
    [Show full text]
  • Cold-Climate Landform Patterns in the Sudetes. Effects of Lithology, Relief and Glacial History
    ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE 2000 GEOGRAPHICA, XXXV, SUPPLEMENTUM, PAG. 185–210 Cold-climate landform patterns in the Sudetes. Effects of lithology, relief and glacial history ANDRZEJ TRACZYK, PIOTR MIGOŃ University of Wrocław, Department of Geography, Wrocław, Poland ABSTRACT The Sudetes have the whole range of landforms and deposits, traditionally described as periglacial. These include blockfields and blockslopes, frost-riven cliffs, tors and cryoplanation terraces, solifluction mantles, rock glaciers, talus slopes and patterned ground and loess covers. This paper examines the influence, which lithology and structure, inherited relief and time may have had on their development. It appears that different rock types support different associations of cold climate landforms. Rock glaciers, blockfields and blockstreams develop on massive, well-jointed rocks. Cryogenic terraces, rock steps, patterned ground and heterogenic solifluction mantles are typical for most metamorphic rocks. No distinctive landforms occur on rocks breaking down through microgelivation. The variety of slope form is largely inherited from pre- Pleistocene times and includes convex-concave, stepped, pediment-like, gravitational rectilinear and concave free face-talus slopes. In spite of ubiquitous solifluction and permafrost creep no uniform characteristic ‘periglacial’ slope profile has been created. Mid-Pleistocene trimline has been identified on nunataks in the formerly glaciated part of the Sudetes and in their foreland. Hence it is proposed that rock-cut periglacial relief of the Sudetes is the cumulative effect of many successive cold periods during the Pleistocene and the last glacial period alone was of relatively minor importance. By contrast, slope cover deposits are usually of the Last Glacial age. Key words: cold-climate landforms, the Sudetes 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Rocky Mountain National Park Lawn Lake Flood Interpretive Area (Elevation 8,640 Ft)
    1 NCSS Conference 2001 Field Tour -- Colorado Rocky Mountains Wednesday, June 27, 2001 7:00 AM Depart Ft. Collins Marriott 8:30 Arrive Rocky Mountain National Park Lawn Lake Flood Interpretive Area (elevation 8,640 ft) 8:45 "Soil Survey of Rocky Mountain National Park" - Lee Neve, Soil Survey Project Leader, Natural Resources Conservation Service 9:00 "Correlation and Classification of the Soils" - Thomas Hahn, Soil Data Quality Specialist, MLRA Office 6, Natural Resources Conservation Service 9:15-9:30 "Interpretive Story of the Lawn Lake Flood" - Rocky Mountain National Park Interpretive Staff, National Park Service 10:00 Depart 10:45 Arrive Alpine Visitors Center (elevation 11,796 ft) 11:00 "Research Needs in the National Parks" - Pete Biggam, Soil Scientist, National Park Service 11:05 "Pedology and Biogeochemistry Research in Rocky Mountain National Park" - Dr. Eugene Kelly, Colorado State University 11:25 - 11:40 "Soil Features and Geologic Processes in the Alpine Tundra"- Mike Petersen and Tim Wheeler, Soil Scientists, Natural Resources Conservation Service Box Lunch 12:30 PM Depart 1:00 Arrive Many Parks Curve Interpretive Area (elevation 9,620 ft.) View of Valleys and Glacial Moraines, Photo Opportunity 1:30 Depart 3:00 Arrive Bobcat Gulch Fire Area, Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest 3:10 "Fire History and Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation Efforts" - Carl Chambers, U. S. Forest Service 3:40 "Involvement and Interaction With the Private Sector"- Todd Boldt; District Conservationist, Natural Resources Conservation Service 4:10 "Current Research on the Fire" - Colorado State University 4:45 Depart 6:00 Arrive Ft. Collins Marriott 2 3 Navigator’s Narrative Tim Wheeler Between the Fall River Visitors Center and the Lawn Lake Alluvial Debris Fan: This Park, or open grassy area, is called Horseshoe Park and is the tail end of the Park’s largest valley glacier.
    [Show full text]
  • Glacial Processes and Landforms
    Glacial Processes and Landforms I. INTRODUCTION A. Definitions 1. Glacier- a thick mass of flowing/moving ice a. glaciers originate on land from the compaction and recrystallization of snow, thus are generated in areas favored by a climate in which seasonal snow accumulation is greater than seasonal melting (1) polar regions (2) high altitude/mountainous regions 2. Snowfield- a region that displays a net annual accumulation of snow a. snowline- imaginary line defining the limits of snow accumulation in a snowfield. (1) above which continuous, positive snow cover 3. Water balance- in general the hydrologic cycle involves water evaporated from sea, carried to land, precipitation, water carried back to sea via rivers and underground a. water becomes locked up or frozen in glaciers, thus temporarily removed from the hydrologic cycle (1) thus in times of great accumulation of glacial ice, sea level would tend to be lower than in times of no glacial ice. II. FORMATION OF GLACIAL ICE A. Process: Formation of glacial ice: snow crystallizes from atmospheric moisture, accumulates on surface of earth. As snow is accumulated, snow crystals become compacted > in density, with air forced out of pack. 1. Snow accumulates seasonally: delicate frozen crystal structure a. Low density: ~0.1 gm/cu. cm b. Transformation: snow compaction, pressure solution of flakes, percolation of meltwater c. Freezing and recrystallization > density 2. Firn- compacted snow with D = 0.5D water a. With further compaction, D >, firn ---------ice. b. Crystal fabrics oriented and aligned under weight of compaction 3. Ice: compacted firn with density approaching 1 gm/cu. cm a.
    [Show full text]
  • Periglacial Processes, Features & Landscape Development 3.1.4.3/4
    Periglacial processes, features & landscape development 3.1.4.3/4 Glacial Systems and landscapes What you need to know Where periglacial landscapes are found and what their key characteristics are The range of processes operating in a periglacial landscape How a range of periglacial landforms develop and what their characteristics are The relationship between process, time, landforms and landscapes in periglacial settings Introduction A periglacial environment used to refer to places which were near to or at the edge of ice sheets and glaciers. However, this has now been changed and refers to areas with permafrost that also experience a seasonal change in temperature, occasionally rising above 0 degrees Celsius. But they are characterised by permanently low temperatures. Location of periglacial areas Due to periglacial environments now referring to places with permafrost as well as edges of glaciers, this can account for one third of the Earth’s surface. Far northern and southern hemisphere regions are classed as containing periglacial areas, particularly in the countries of Canada, USA (Alaska) and Russia. Permafrost is where the soil, rock and moisture content below the surface remains permanently frozen throughout the entire year. It can be subdivided into the following: • Continuous (unbroken stretches of permafrost) • extensive discontinuous (predominantly permafrost with localised melts) • sporadic discontinuous (largely thawed ground with permafrost zones) • isolated (discrete pockets of permafrost) • subsea (permafrost occupying sea bed) Whilst permafrost is not needed in the development of all periglacial landforms, most periglacial regions have permafrost beneath them and it can influence the processes that create the landforms. Many locations within SAMPLEextensive discontinuous and sporadic discontinuous permafrost will thaw in the summer months.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Element Stocks in the Yedoma Domain: a First Assessment in Ice-Rich Permafrost Regions” by Arthur Monhonval Et Al
    Interactive comment on “Mineral element stocks in the Yedoma domain: a first assessment in ice-rich permafrost regions” by Arthur Monhonval et al. Anonymous Referee #2 Received and published: 4 January 2021 RC= Reviewer comment ; AR= Authors response RC: I appreciate the efforts from the authors. I understand the authors created a valuable dataset for the mineral elements in the yedoma regions, and they also tried to calculated the storage of these elements. I have some comments for the authors to improve the quality of the manuscripts. We thank the reviewer for the valuable comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. We have revised the manuscript accordingly. Please find the details in the responses to the following comments. RC1: When the authors introduce the stocks or storage, it is necessary to clarify the depth or thickness of yedoma. At least, the authors should explain the characteristics of yedoma. This is important because the potential readers will be confused about the depth and height in the dataset. AR : We agree that the choice of the thickness used to upscale to the whole Yedoma domain was not clear in the manuscript. Here, mineral element stocks are compared with C stocks using identical Yedoma domain deposits parameters (including thicknesses) like in Strauss et al., 2013 for deep permafrost carbon pool of the Yedoma region, i.e., a mean thickness of 19.6 meters deep in Yedoma deposits and 5.5 meters deep in Alas deposits. We have revised the manuscript to include that information (L 282):” Thickness used for mineral element stock estimations in Yedoma domain deposits are based on mean profile depths of the sampled Yedoma (n=19) and Alas (n=10) deposits (Table 3; Strauss et al., 2013).
    [Show full text]
  • Ecoregions of Yukon Territory
    ~(OIl~610"'1 Of WIJI(OI'l IIIIIIIIOIIW E.T. OSWALD AND J.P. SENYK CANADIAN FORESTRY SERVICE • Enworonment Environoement • Co.'" .......C'"'" ......canadie<l des Canada Front (X)ver photographs Top' Kathleen Lake south of Haines Junction Middle' Kaskawulsh Glacier in St. Elias Mountains Bottom' Valley wetlands and Itsi Mountain Range. lat_ l)JOOS'N, long. 1300 12'W BC-X-l64 June 1977 ABSTRACT RESUME A reconnaissance level biophysical survey of On eu recours ades envolees de reconnaissance the Yukon Territory was conducted during 1975. pour effectuer un releve biophysique sur Ie Territoire Twenty-two ecoregions were recognized and described du Yukon au coors de I'annee 1975. L'on roconnalt in terms of the biophysical data available, either 22 erorfigions, decrites en termes de donnees bio­ collected during the surveyor from literature physiques disponibles, provenant du releve ou de la reviewed. The primary feature used to segregate and linerature specialisee qu'on a consultee. La premiere describe the ecoregions was the vegetation on different caraeteristique utilisee pour differencier et decrire les landforms under a regional climate. This was aug' ~coregions fut la vegetation selon la physiographie mented by describing the distribution and extent of et les climats regionauK. On accentua davantage en permafrost, geological history and terrain features. decrivant la distribution et I'etendue du pergelisol, j'historique geologique et les paysages. The lower elevation terrain in southern Yukon Territory is mostly forested with a variety Le terrain a plus basse altitude dans la partie of boreal coniferous and hardwood tree species. sud du Territoire du Yukon est SUl100t peuple d'une With increasing elevation and latitude, the tree density varihe de resineuK et de feuillus boreauK.
    [Show full text]
  • Glacial and Periglacial Geology of Northwest Blomesletta Peninsula, Spitsbergen, Svalbard
    TROY L. PEwE, DANA E. ROWAN, RICHARD H. PEwE, and ROBERT STUCKENRATH Glacial and periglacial geology of northwest Blomesletta peninsula, Spitsbergen, Svalbard NORSK POLARINSTITUTT OSLO 1982 DET KONGELIGE MILJ0VERNDEPARTEMENT NORSK POLARINSTITUTT Rolfstangveien 12, Snar0ya, 1330 Oslo Lufthavn, Norway SALG ORDERS B0kene seJges gjennom may be placed at your bokhand lere eller bookstore or you may bestilles direkte fra: order direct from: U niversi tetsforlaget Global Book Resources Ltd. Columbia University Press Boks 2977, T0yen 109 Great Russell Street 136 South Broadway Oslo 6 London WC IB 3NA Irvington-on-Hudson Norway England NY 10533, U.S.A. TRaY L. PEWE, DANA E. ROWAN, RICHARD H. PEWE, and ROBERT STUCKENRATH Glacial and periglacial geology of northwest Blomesletta peninsula, Spitsbergen, Svalbard NORSK POLARINSTITUTT OSLO 1982 Manuscript received 1981 Printed June 1982 ISBN 82-90307-18-7 Contents Page Abstract Introduction ..................... .............. ..................... S Physical setting ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 8 Geography ........................... .................... ... .... .. 8 Climate .......................................................... 8 Geology .......................................................... 10 Glacial geology . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11 Preliminary statement ................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 11 Summary of the Barents Ice Sheet Controversy ...................... 12 Glacial geology of the Blomesletta peninsula ........................ 12
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 8. Glacioaeolian Processes, Sediments, and Landforms
    CHAPTER GLACIOAEOLIAN PROCESSES, SEDIMENTS, AND LANDFORMS 8 E. Derbyshire1 and L.A. Owen2 1Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom, 2University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States 8.1 INTRODUCTION The frequently strong association of aeolian processes with present and former glaciation has been recognized for over 80 years from field observations (Hogbom, 1923). Bullard and Austin (2011) point out that the interaction between glacial dynamics, glaciofluvial, and aeolian transport in proglacial landscapes plays an important role, not only in local environmental systems, but also in the global context by affecting the amount of dust generated and transported. Moreover, glacial outwash plains have been cited as a significant source of dust in the Southern Hemisphere (Sugden et al., 2009) and must also have been important dust sources in the northern hemisphere (Bullard and Austin, 2011). Cold climate aeolian processes and landforms have been widely acknowledged in proglacial and paraglacial geomorphology (e.g., Ballantyne, 2002; Seppa¨la¨, 2004). However, relatively little work has been undertaken on glacioaeolian processes, sediments, and landforms compared to other glacial systems. The ISI Web of Science does not even provide one reference to the term ‘glacioaeolian’ and Google Scholar provides a mere 61 references. Variations on the spell- ing of glacioaeolian, including glacioeolian, glacio-aeolian, glacio aeolian, and glacio-eolian yield less than 40 citations. Even the international journal Aeolian Research provides only one reference to the term glacioaeolian. A search of glacial aeolian yields 924 and 35,300 citations in the ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar, respectively. However, this includes reference to aeolian sedi- ments that are not of glacial origin, but were deposited during a glacial event.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey and Monitoring of Ice Patches in the Denali Highway Region Figure 2
    SURVEY AND MONITORING OF ICE PATCHES IN THE DENALI HIGHWAY REGION , CENTRAL ALASKA , 2003–2005 Richard VanderHoek Office of History and Archaeology, Alaska Department of Natural Resources, 550 W. Seventh Ave., Suite 1310, Anchorage, AK 99501-3565; [email protected] Brian Wygal Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada Reno Randolph M. Tedor Office of History and Archaeology, Alaska Department of Natural Resources Charles E. Holmes Gudgel and Holmes Associates ABSTRACT The Alaska Office of History and Archaeology conducted three seasons of ice patch survey in the De- nali Highway region of central Alaska. Prehistoric organic and lithic hunting and trapping artifacts had emerged from the melting ice patches and were recovered. Alpine ice patches are seen as part of a prehistoric seasonal round, giving hunters a predictable and reliable location to get close enough to prey, usually caribou, to use dart or arrow. Glacial data from interior Alaska document the recent cy- clic melting of ice patches and glaciers that has resulted in a net loss of ice. Land management agencies need to perform ice patch surveys now, before these important items are lost forever. Keywords: fossil ice patch, climate change, nivation hollows, mountain geomorphology INTRODUCTION In August of 2003, Alaska Office of History and tains in the Yukon and Northwest Territories in Canada Archaeology (OHA) personnel were surveying the edges and in the Wrangell and Amphitheater mountains in of a patch of ice containing caribou (Rangifer tarandus) Alaska (Tom Andrews 2006, personal communication; dung in the Amphitheater Mountains in central Alaska Dixon et al. 2003, 2004, 2005; Hare et al.
    [Show full text]
  • PERMAFROST Bob Carson June 2007
    PERMAFROST Bob Carson June 2007 LAKE LINNEVATNET THE ACTIVE LAYER IS FROZEN ACTIVE LAYER PERMAFROST YUKON TERMS • PERMAFROST • PERIGLACIAL • \ • PATTERNED GROUND • POLYGONS • PALS • PINGO • ROCK GLACIER • THERMOKARST YAKIMA HILLS PROCESSES • FREEZE-THAW • FROST CRACK • FROST SHATTER • FROST HEAVE • FROST SHOVE • FROST SORT • CREEP • SOLIFLUCTION • NIVATION BEARTOOTH MOUNTAINS FROST CRACK • LOW-TEMPERATURE CONTRACTION ALASKA PHOTO BY RUTH SCHMIDT FROST SHATTER • WATER EXPANDS DURING FREEZING VATNAJOKULL KHARKHIRAA UUL FROST HEAVE FROST PUSH vs. FROST PULL CAIRNGORM FROST SHOVE GREENLAND PHOTO BY W.E. DAVIES FROST SORT SWEDISH LAPLAND PHOTO BY JAN BOELHOUWERS C R E E P SHARPE 1938 SOLIFLUCTION SOLIFLUCTION LOBES HANGAY NURUU NIVATION NIVATION HOLLOWS PALOUSE HILLS LANDFORMS WITH ICE ALASKA PHOTO BY SKIP WALKER AUFEIS KHARKHIRRA UUL HANGAY NURUU ICE WEDGES sis.agr.gc.ca/.../ground ICE-WEDGE POLYGONS res.agr.canada PALSEN HANGAY NURUU PALSEN FIELD OGILVIE MOUNTAINS PINGOES BEAUFORT COAST ALASKA PHOTO BY H.J.A. Berendsen ougseurope.org/rockon/surface/img PINGOES IN CANADIAN ARCTIC www.rekel.nl www.mbari.org www.arctic.uoguelph.ca VICTORIA ISLAND PHOTO BY A. L. WASHBURN ROCK GLACIERS GALENA CREEK ROCK GLACIERS GALENA CREEK ROCK GLACIERS GRAYWOLF RIDGE THERMOKARST YUKON THERMOKARST ALASKA ICE-WEDGE TRENCH YUKON ICE-WEDGE TRENCH ALASKA PHOTO BY JOE MOORE BEADED DRAINAGE ALASKA PHOTO BY RUTH SCHMIDT THAW LAKES PRUDOE BAY THAW LAKES ALASKA PHOTO BY ART REMPEL MORE PERIGLACIAL LANDFORMS SPITSBERGEN PHOTO BY BEN SCHUPACK WHITMAN ‘07 BLOCK FIELDS RINGING ROCKS BLOCK SLOPES BLOCK FIELD TALUS BLOCK SLOPE ELKHORN MOUNTAINS BLOCK STREAMS SAN FRANCISCO MOUNTAINS 11 June 2007 BLOCK STREAMS HANGAY NURUU CRYOPLANATION TERRACES HANGAY NURUU CRYOPLANATION TERRACES NIVATION TOR SOLIFLUCTION HANGAY NURUU PATTERNED GROUND: COMPONENTS FINES STONES HANGAY NURUU STONES: PEBBLES COBBLES BOULDERS FINES: CLAY, SILT, SAND PATTERNED GROUND: HANGAY COMPONENTS NURUU PATTERNED GROUND: CLASSIFICATION • SLOPE: HORIZONTAL± vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphology and Development of Ice Patches in Northwest Territories, Canada THOMAS MEULENDYK,1,2 BRIAN J
    ARCTIC VOL. 65, SUPPL. 1 (2012) P. 43 – 58 Morphology and Development of Ice Patches in Northwest Territories, Canada THOMAS MEULENDYK,1,2 BRIAN J. MOORMAN,1 THOMAS D. ANDREWS3 and GLEN MacKAY3 (Received 22 February 2011; accepted in revised form 28 November 2011) ABSTRACT. Permanent ice patches in the western Canadian Subarctic have been recently identified as sources of cryogen- ically preserved artifacts and biological specimens. The formation, composition, and constancy of these ice patches have yet to be studied. As part of the Northwest Territories (NWT) Ice Patch Study, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and ice coring were used to examine the stratigraphy and internal structure of two ice patches. Results show the patches are composed of a core of distinct offset units, up to several metres thick, covered by a blanket of firn and snow. The interfaces between the units of ice are often demarcated by thin sections of frozen caribou dung and fine sediment. Radiocarbon dates of dung extracted from ice cores have revealed a long history for these perennial patches, up to 4400 years BP. Ice patch growth is discontinuous and occurs intermittently. Extensive time gaps exist between the units of ice, indicating that summers of catastrophic melt can interrupt extended periods of net accumulation. The results of this work not only display the character of ice patch development, but also indicate the significant role that ice patches can play in reconstructing the paleoenvironmental conditions of an area. Key words: Holocene, ground-penetrating radar, ice coring, radiocarbon dating, geomorphology, ice accumulation, dung, firn RÉSUMÉ. Récemment, on a déterminé que les névés permanents du subarctique de l’Ouest canadien constituent des sources d’artefacts et de spécimens biologiques préservés cryogéniquement.
    [Show full text]