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La Traducción Del Cine Chino En España: Desde La Selección Hasta La Distribución

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La Traducción Del Cine Chino En España: Desde La Selección Hasta La Distribución I CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE LA AEEAO: creando nuevas sinergias: más allá de nuestras fronteras Málaga, 20-22 junio 2018 La traducción del cine chino en España: desde la selección hasta la distribución Helena Casas-Tost TransMedia Catalonia Research Group Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Objetivos • Analizar la imagen de China en España a través del cine • Selección • Distribución • ¿Qué películas llegan? • ¿Cuáles son los canales de distribución? • ¿Qué papel juega la traducción? Herramientas • Base de datos • Películas (largometrajes) en chino o lengua sinítica • Datos sobre: • Original • Traducción (distribución) • Paratextos • Work in progress • Dificultad en conseguir información • Encuestas y entrevistas a programadores Base de datos • 635 películas • Originales de 1934 a 2018 • Primeras películas que llegan a España 1973 • El luchador manco (Jimmy Wang Yu), 1971 • La mano de hierro (Kao Pao Shu), 1972 • Más reciente 2018 (7 películas) • The Widowed Witch (Cai Chengjie), 2018 (RPC, drama, Las Palmas) • 3 en el cine: animación, China, 2016 • Resto: China, Hong Kong, Taiwán; recientes, menos la de HK de 1981 de acción Año estreno España 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 19731976197719781982198319871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018 Lugar de origen 0% 18% Hong Kong China 52% Taiwán Singapur 30% Lugar de origen de Lugar 10 15 20 25 0 5 1973 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Ta iw án Si ng ap ur Hong Kong China Géneros Acción 4%3%2%1%0% 7% Drama 37% Artes 23% marciales Comedia 23% Th r ille r Géneros - origen 13 17 27 Thr iller 23 Terror 1 Rom ance 95 28 Drama Com edia 85 3 Avent uras 15 16 37 Ar tes marc iales 147 157 16 36 An im ació n 58 30 Ac c ión 1 China Hong Kong Singapur Taiwán Directores 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Zhang Yimou Tsui Hark Johnnie To Sammo Hung Hou Hsiao-Hsien John Woo Ja ck ie C han Ann Hui Wong Kar-Wai Chen Kaige Tsai Ming-Liang Jia Zhang ke Wong Jing Ringo Lam Le e T so -Na m Benny Chan Godfre y Ho 19 directores (5,6%) Yuen Woo-Ping 31% total Jose ph Ve lasc o RPC Hong Kong películas Taiwán Espectadores Directores Espectadores Núm. películas Años Lo Wei 2.871.254 2 1980s Zhang Yimou 2.571.187 17 1990, 2000, 2010 Ang Lee 2.246.855 4 1990, 2000 Yuen Woo-Ping 2.166.361 3 1979, 1980 Jimmy Wang Yu 1.816.445 1 1973 Hwa San 969.232 3 1978, 1980, 1981 Kao Pao Shu 934.266 1 1970s, 1980s Ng See-Yuen 932.426 2 1976, 1981 Michael Hui 816.012 4 1979, 1980, 1983 Chia-Liang Liu / Lau Kar-Leung 810.040 3 1980s Kuo Ting-Hung 718.255 1 1978 Distribución 16% 28% 56% Cine Festivales Otros canale s Distribución: cine - festivales 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 19761987199319962000200120022003200520052006200720072009201120132014201520162017 Distribución - géneros 140 120 100 80 60 126 107 40 64 48 20 32 39 36 26 6 0 13 0 4 7 6 2 26 3 7 17 0 0 5 11 0 3 4 0 Cine Festivales Otros Ac c ión An im ació n Ar tes marc iales Avent uras Com edia Drama Rom ance Terror Thr iller Festivales en España 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 San Si tges Va ll ado li d Málaga Gijón AF F BCN Fi lmo teca de Vi c Las Pal mas Fi lmo teca de FI CB Lych ee Seb astiá n Fan cin e Ca ta lu nya An dal uc í a Festivales internacionales 8,0% 6,9% 7,0% 6,0% 5,0% 4,1% 4,0% 3,6% 3,0% 2,0% 1,0% 0,0% Berlín Cannes Veneci a Distribuidoras y programadores Peso de festivales internacionales, directores y actores Zhang Yimou Ang Lee Tsai Ming-liang Hou Hsiao-hsien Wong Kar-wai Cheng Kaige Jia Zhangke Traducción Traducción directa/indirecta 6% 3% 91% Desconocido Trad . Indirecta Trad Direct a Traducción • Muy pocos datos • Cine vs festivales • Festivales • subtitulación • traducción pivotante a partir del inglés • grado de profesionalidad de los traductores • ¿carencia de traductores del chino? • Papel de la traducción: calidad vs cantidad à ¿impacto en la imagen de la cultura china? Conclusiones • Selección • marcadas por el género y director • prevalencia de una imagen reducida y estereotipada • Evolución en cuanto al origen y género • Distribución • Predominio de los festivales • Diversidad de géneros • Invisibilidad de la traducción • Cantidad vs calidad traducción Estudios de recepción para evaluar la imagen Gracias por vuestra atención [email protected] Disclaimer TransMedia Catalonia is a research group funded by Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Empresa i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya, under the SGR funding scheme (ref. code 2017SGR113). Texts, marks, logos, names, graphics, images, photographs, illustrations, artwork, audio clips, video clips, and software copyrighted by their respective owners are used on these slides for personal, educational and non-commercial purposes only. Use of any copyrighted material is not authorized without the written consent of the copyright holder. Every effort has been made to respect the copyrights of other parties. If you believe that your copyright has been misused, please direct your correspondence to: [email protected] stating your position and we shall endeavour to correct any misuse as early as possible. This document and its contents reflect the views only of the authors. TransMedia Catalonia and Generalitat de Catalunya cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. .
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