Environmental Monitoring Report Building Climate Resilience Of

Environmental Monitoring Report

Project Number: 44214-024 August 2019

Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions

Prepared by the Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank.

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Government of Nepal Department of Forests and Soil Conservation Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions (BCRWME) Project (ADB Loan/Grant No.: GO357/0358-NEP)

Semiannual Environemntal Monitoring Report of BCRWME Sub-projects (January to June 2019)

Preparaed By BCRWME Project Project Management Unit Dadeldhura

July, 2019

ABBREVIATION

ADB : Asian Development Bank BCRWME : Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco- Regions BOQ : Bills of Quantity CDG : Community Development Group CFUG : Community Forest User Group CO : Community Organizer CPC : Consultation, Participation and Communications (Plan) CS : Construction Supervisor DDR : Due Diligence Reports DFO : Divisional Forest Office DFSC : Department of the Forests and Soil Conservation DSCO : District Soil Conservation Office DSCWM : Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management EARF : Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMR : Environmental Monitoring Report EO : Environment Officer FAC : Feasibility Approval Committee FTT : Field Technical Team GRC : Grievance Redress Committee GoN : Government of Nepal Ha : Hectare IEE : Initial Environmental Examination MoFE : Ministry of Forests and Environment NCB : National Competitive Bidding NDF : Nordic Development Fund NES : National Environmental Specialist O& M : Operation and Maintenance PAM : Project Administrative Mannual PIU : Project Implementation Unit PMIC : Project Management Implementation Consultant PMU : Project Management Unit REA : Rapid Environmental Assessment RVT : Reservoir Tank SES : Senior Environment Specialist SEMR : Semiannual Environment Monitoring Report SP : Sub-project SPPR : Sub-project Preparation Report SWMC : Sub-watershed Management Committee VDC : Village Development Committee WMA : Watershed Management Associate WME : Watershed Management Engineer

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

There are 108 SPPRs (Batch I-8, Batch II-20, batch II-40 and Batch IV-40) and all of them are category C projects. The environmental safeguard requirements of GoN and ADB are satisfactorily addressed in SPs planning and implementation stages. The project has adopted procedural requirements such as environmental screening, SPs categorization, Due Diligence Report inclusion, community consultation, voluntary land donation documents during sub-project preparation report (SPPR) preparation and approval process. No violations of local traditions and culture, no resettlement of indigenous people, worker’s safety, avoidance of under aged workers, community consultations, slope stabilization through engineering and bioengineering measures, minimizing trees cutting (if unavoidable), quarry site management, spoil management are considered during implementation of SPs. The project has the provision of intermittent inputs of senior environment specialist (SES) and designated soil conservation officer as an environment officer.

Environment compliance status of 20 SPs has been reported in January-June, 2019. Inclusion of DDRs in 108 SPs, 515 numbers of voluntary land donation documents and more than 1077 ward level consultations were conducted during planning stage. Quarry site management, burrow pit management, spoils management, soil erosion and landslide control are adopted in SPs implementation. No tree cut issue is reported in 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang. These 20 SPs have planted 8031 winter plantation, 69478 forestry species, 83910 fodder trees and 24506 fruit trees. It is reported that 30959 winter trees, 70665 fruit trees, 134537 fodder trees, 122610 forestry species were planted in 68 SPs till June, 2019. Cultivation of 1096503 numbers of grasses is reported. 237 numbers of source upstream location covering 22033 ha of catchment area are managed in 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang. 553 numbers (n=20 SPs) of catchments are restored. No involuntary land acquisition, resettlement issues, social conflicts, child labour were noticed due to SP implementation. No grievance is received till date; however project is under the process of formation of grievance redress committee.

The SPs have great environment benefits in terms of catchment management, ground water recharge, surface water management, water source protection, land stabilization and erosion control mechanism. The project is now planning to prepare environment safeguard guidelines and orient the project staffs. The project needs to provide a monitoring and reporting training to the project teams so that the project could receive quality environmental report regularly.

Table of Contents

Abbreviation ...... i Executive Summary ...... ii 1. Background ...... 1 2. Environment Safeguard in The BCRWME Project ...... 2 3. Construction Approach ...... 2 4. Overall Environmental Safeguard Status ...... 3 5. Compliance Status with Environmental Covenants ...... 3 6. Institutional Arrangement...... 4 6.1 Environment Safeguard Compliance Mechanism ...... 4 6.2 Environmental Monitoring Mechanism in District ...... 4 7. Compliance with Environmental Safeguard Measures ...... 5 7.1 During Planning and Approval Phase ...... 5 7.1.1 Environment Screening and SP categorization, environment assessment ...... 6 7.1.2 Project Procedural Requirement ...... 6 7.1.3 Rapid Environment Assessment and Due Diligence Report ...... 6 7.1.4 Environmental officers ...... 6 7.1.5 Grievance redress mechanism and Environment safeguard desk ...... 6 7.1.6 Community consultation and downstream users’ consent ...... 7 7.1.7 Land Donation ...... 7 7.1.8 Environment benefits by SPs ...... 7 7.2 During Implementation Stage ...... 7 7.2.1 Quarry Site and Burrow Pit Management...... 7 7.2.2 Soil erosion, landslide control ...... 8 7.2.3 Excess Spoil and excavated top soil management ...... 8 7.2.4 Tree cutting and plantation ...... 8 7.2.5 Grazing land management ...... 8 7.2.6 Catchment management ...... 9 7.2.7 Impact in Forest ...... 9 7.2.8 Water source protection ...... 9 7.2.9 Environment sanitation ...... 9 7.2.10 Downstream water use ...... 10 7.2.11 Safety measures and Worker’s safety ...... 10 7.2.12 Land acquisition and impacts to indigenous people ...... 10 7.2.13 Child labor ...... 10

iii

7.2.14 Employment and wage discrimination ...... 10 7.2.15 Violation of laws and regulation of GoN ...... 10 7.2.16 Field Visits by project team ...... 10 7.2.17 Safeguard Training to Project Team (COs/CSs/FTTs/Environment Officer) ...... 11 7.2.18 Safeguard monitoring and reporting system ...... 11 7.2.19 Grievance redress mechanism ...... 11 8. Corrective action and recommendation ...... 13

List of Table

Table 1: Plantation status of batch I, II and III ...... 9 Table 2: Statistical information of 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang ...... 12 Table 3 : Issue, corrective action, recommendation and responsible agency ...... 13

List of Figure

Figure 1: BCRWME Project Area in Far Western Province ...... 1 Figure 2: Institutional arrangement for environment safeguard compliance ...... 5

Annexes

Annex 1: Planning stage (Annex 1a) and Implementation stage (Annex 1b) environmental compliance status (As of June, 2019)

Annex 2: Status of compliance with loan and grant covenants (As of June, 2019)

Annex 3: Appointment of Environment Officer in Project

Annex 4: Detail plantation status of Batch I, II and III SPs

Annex 5: Photographs

1. BACKGROUND

Building climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco- Regions (BCRWME) Project being implemented by the Department of the Forests and Soil Conservation (DFSC) with grant assistance from ADB, Nordic Development Fund and Government of Nepal intends to improve access to and reliability of water supplies to communities living in watershed vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Access and reliability to water resources will be improved through a participatory program of integrated watershed management with interventions in upland areas to increase surface water storage and ground water recharge. The project will support communities to manage catchment areas for development and protection of their water sources (springs and streams). This will include (i) protection of the area surrounding the water source and preparation and implementation of the water source catchment management plans, (ii) treatment of gully erosion and slope/landslide stabilization that threatens the water sources, water infrastructure, and beneficiary communities (iii) construction of water collection chambers, spring boxes or infiltration galleries; (iv) construction of water conservation ponds and storage for irrigation and livestock, and (v) construction of drinking water storage tanks and tap stands. The project will also provide participating communities with education and facilitate programs on water conservation practices (including micro-irrigation), methods for maintaining soil moisture in agriculture, grazing and fodder management, and ways to regenerate vegetative cover. A total of 108 sub-projects under the project are being implemented in six districts of the Lower West Seti and Budhi Ganga watersheds of the Far Western Province of Nepal.

As per Safeguard Policy Statement of ADB (2009), the BCRWME Project is classified as environmental category “B” Project, the semiannual environmental monitoring report has been prepared for the January to June, 2019.

Figure 1: BCRWME Project Area in Far Western Province

2. ENVIRONMENT SAFEGUARD IN THE BCRWME PROJECT

The major objectives of the ADB on the environment are to incorporate environmental component in development planning and integrate environmental safeguards across ADB operations. The project has considered environmental component to address environmental issues of SPs implementation. The project has an environmental assessment review framework (EARF) that specifies sub-project (SP) selection procedures, SP’s environment categorization, environment assessment procedure, community consultation, grievance redress mechanism, institutional arrangement for environment management. In order to address environmental issues, the project has adopted/included formats of Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) checklist and Environment Due Diligence Reports to be included during Sub-project Preparation Report (SPPR) with compliance to both ADB’s and GoN’s environmental requirements. Environment is considered during selection of schemes, sub-projects and community actions, SPPRs preparation, approval by Feasibility Approval Committee (FAC), agreement to Community Development Group (CDG) and SPs’ monitoring and reporting.

For planning stage of environmental compliance, all SPs are screened for environmental impact, and due diligence reports (DDRs) are prepared and included in the SPPRs. The project has the provision of grievance redress committee and designated environment officers (EOs). To ensure the safeguard compliance, the project has also the provision of intermittent inputs of senior environment specialist in Project Management Unit (PMU). The senior environment specialist (SES) is responsible for training the the project team and monitoring the quality of environmental screening reports, SPs categorization, due diligence reports and environment management practice. The SES develops reporting formats and enhances the capacity of project team for compliance monitoring status and reporting mechanism. Compliance monitoring of SPs will be carried out by SES, experts of PMIC and PMU/PIU team. The SES/PMU will prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports.

3. CONSTRUCTION APPROACH

The approach adopted a community-driven sub-prject ensuring a high level of public awareness and their involvement in planning, implementation, operation, maintenance, protection and benefit sharing of activities related to water access and reliability. The project applies the community contract to execute, manage and supervise the SPs in close supervision and technical guidelines from the PMU/PIU and PMIC. A Consultation, Participation and Communications Plan (the CPC Plan) has been incorporated into project implementation guidelines. An Item rate contract is adopted for civil works. Local materials for civil works such as boulder, sand, coarse aggregates etc. were managed by the community as per requirement in the Bills of Quantities (BOQs) of contract. Materials for civil works such as cement, steel bars, GI wire/ boxes, barbed wire, HDP, GI pipes, pipe fittings etc. are procured by the PMU/PIU (earlier DSCO) from the market/factory under the guidance and supervision of responsible PMIC technicians/engineers. Similarly, material required for catchment restoration works are procured by concerned PMU/PIU through standard ADB’s shopping methods and community contract is adopted in labor works only. Community participation/contribution is 20% of the catchment restoration works (vegetative works).

4. OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD STATUS

The environmental safeguard requirements of GoN and ADB are satisfactorily addressed in SPs planning and implementation stages. The project has adopted procedural requirements such as environmental screening, SPs categorization, DDR inclusion, community consultation, voluntary land donation documents during SPPRs preparation and approval process. The SPPRs have also included provision of catchment restoration practices such as fodder/grass cultivation, trees plantation, recharge pit, conservation pond, brush layering, check dam etc. Similarly, the SPPRs also include the water source protection measures such as gabion wall, stabilization of slopes and gullies, construction of drinking water storage tank, irrigation pond, cattle pond etc.

There are 108 SPPRs (Batch I-8, Batch II-20, batch II-40 and Batch IV-40) and all of them are category C projects. None of these SPs requires environment assessments (i.e. IEE and EIA). No violations of local traditions, culture and no resettlement of indigenous people, worker’s safety, avoidance of under aged workers, written consent for utilizing water sources, slope stabilization through engineering and bioengineering measures, minimizing trees cutting (if unavoidable), quarry site management and spoil management are considered during implementation of SPs. The project itself is a climate resilient project and has also included the environment management related activities. The SPs has also included the activities to increase surface water storage, enhance soil water and ground water recharge, stabilize slopes and gullies and reduce erosion in their agreed activities.

No grievances were reported during the reporting period of January to June, 2019. The project has prepared and adopted monitoring and reporting formats for safeguard compliance monitoring. The project is strengthening environmental compliance monitoring and reporting by structured formats, follow ups, feedbacks, orientations and training to the project team. Senior environment specialist, watershed management experts, environment officers (assigned by PMU), FTTs and CO/CS are involved in environment compliance monitoring of SPs. The project has focused on statistical information of environment related issues from civil work and catchment restoration work. The project has also considered the recommendations of mission team such as training to project staffs on safeguard, GRC formation as per restructuring of local government, inclusion of environment sections in other reports and environment component in project completion report.

5. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL COVENANTS

There are 4 loan and grant covenants for environment safeguard specified for the project. Compliance with environment requirements, human resource to implement safeguard compliance, provision of environment safeguard in bidding and contract documents and safeguard related monitoring and reporting are included in the environment safeguard covenants. For social safeguard, the project has also provisioned the voluntary land donation, no involuntary resettlement of indigenous people and grievance redress mechanism. Environmental safeguard related activities are in compliance with grant covenants as regular follow up actions are being taken according to approved PAM and EARF. (Refer Annex 2)

6. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT Regarding to the institutional arrangement, the project has established PMU in Dadeldhura under Department of Forests and Soil Conservation (DFSC). MoFE has appointed a Class-II officer from the DFSC as a Project Director to head the PMU. The PMU is responsible for coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the SPs including environment safeguard compliance monitoring. The PMU comprises government deputed staffs, mid-level technician and team of consultants (PMIC, NDF-1 and NDF-II)) to implement the SPs. Similarly, the project has also established project implementation unit (PIU) in Achham along with PMIC to implement, monitor of SPs including environment safeguard compliance and is also responsible for supervising FTTs (earlier DSCOs used to do same). The PIU has designated a soil conservation officer as an environment officer (earlier DFSC had appointed). To ensure the safeguard compliance during planning and implementation stages, the project has the provision of intermittent inputs of SES in PMU.

At SP level, community development groups (CDGs) is established to link users of each scheme. A subproject implementation committee will be established for each SP comprised of the chairpersons of each CDG. PMU/PIU (earlier DSCOs) have engaged one CO and two CSs to monitor and supervise SP implementation. CO will assist the FTTs in community mobilization, organization of the CDGs and interactions with the communities during source scheme verification, implementation of the agreed measures, the post support for the catchment management and O&M activities. The CSs will assist the FTTs with the day to day supervision of the construction, bio-engineering and vegetative restoration works that will be implemented under NCB works contracts or community contracting.

With the changed context of local government, the project has to reform grievance redress committee (GRC) both in PMU/PIU and SP level where the grievances from stakeholders are documented, redressed and reported.

6.1 ENVIRONMENT SAFEGUARD COMPLIANCE MECHANISM

SES and designated Environment Officers take overall responsibility of environment management of the project. The FTT supported by environment officer screen the SPs on the basis of environment and social criteria. Environment officers will clear the REA screening, prepare the DDR and SES will endorse them during planning stage. WME under the support of PMU engineers integrate environment issues of DDRs in design and contract documents. CDG Implement required environmental measures and EOs supervise implementation of environmental measures during construction. The SES reviews the REAs and DDRs prepared by DSCOs to ensure that subprojects have been categorized accurately. The SES supports capacity development of project team of environmental planning, monitoring and reporting. The SES also prepares environmental monitoring report on the basis of biannual field visit.

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING MECHANISM IN DISTRICT

Environment Officers are the main responsible persons in district to monitor environmental issues and their reporting. Each PMU/PIU has a team of COs, CSs, FTTs and experts (WMA/WME) to monitor the SPs’ environmental compliance status. EOs will review the

compliance status prepared by them and forwards it to the SES. The SES reviews and makes necessary recommendation and compiles them to incorporate in quarterly, semiannual and annual report as per requirement.

Environment safeguard compliance mechanism is given in following chart.

• Supervise field implementation team • Monitor social and environmental • Monitor environment and social safeguard PIU PMU Safeguard requirements/status requirements/ status • Document/redress grievances • Agreement with CDG • Manage project staffs and experts • Appointing Environment Officer

SPs Environment CDG/COs/CS/F Safeguard Compliance PMIC/NDF TTs

• Screen environment requirements & • SPPRs preparation prepare DDR • Monitoring of SPs & training • Assess environment compliance Senior Environment • Supervise CO/CS/FTT • Report to Environment Expert/Expert Specialist • Check received report (WMA/WME) • Report to PMU/SES • Document/redress grievance

• Review compliance status both in planning & implementation stage • Sub-projects visits, feedbacks, follow ups, design monitoring and reporting formats, prepare environment safeguard guidelines. organize training, • Prepare ECMR and necessary reports

Figure 2: Institutional arrangement for environment safeguard compliance 7. COMPLIANCE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD MEASURES

Compliance status of environmental safeguard measures of 201 SPs for both planning and implementation stage is provided in Annex 1a and Annex 1b respectively (as prescribed formats by ADB). Both qualitative and quantitative Information on planning and implementation stages, safeguard indicators are collected/updated by field team (CO/CS/FTT/WME), checked by environment officers and sent to the senior environment specialist/PMU on biannual basis.

7.1 DURING PLANNING AND APPROVAL PHASE

The project has followed the ADB’s safeguard and the government’s procedural requirement during planning stage. The planning stage safeguard status such as SP selection, environment screening, environment categorization, DDR inclusion, safeguard training, government permits,

1 After orientation of safeguard monitoring and reporting, the project will provide the compliance status of 108 SPs next reporting period. The project received the status of 20 SPs only during the reporting period. 5 community consultation, GRC formation and environment related management activities are acquired from approved SPPRs, PAM, EARF and contract document. Besides these, social issues such as impact to indigenous people, voluntary land donation, water source utilization and grievances are also considered in planning stage. Planning Stage safeguard compliance status of 20 SPs is given in Annex 1a.

7.1.1 Environment Screening and SP categorization, environment assessment

Indicators such as forest permission for catchment protection, land donation, impact to downstream users, ecologically sensitive area, cultural aspects and indigenous people are assessed during SP selection. All the contracted SPs under the project are category “C” project and do not require EIA/IEE level of assessment. As per PAM/EARF, the SPs under the project if not requiring an IEE study will be subjected to preparation of environment DDR.

7.1.2 Project Procedural Requirement

The project procedural requirements such as submission of voluntary land donation documents, community consultation minutes, environmental screening of SPs and field verification by technical team are considered during SPPRs preparation. These SPPRs will be reviewed by Feasibility Approval Committee (FAC). The project procedural requirements were adopted for all 108 contracted SPs.

7.1.3 Rapid Environment Assessment and Due Diligence Report

For planning stage, all subprojects are screened for environmental impact, and due diligence reports (DDRs) are prepared. The FTTs conducted environmental screening; the staff designated as Environment Officer checked each completed REA before it is finalized; DDRs are also prepared and included in the all 108 SPPRs.

7.1.4 Environmental officers

Earlier, one of the DSCO’s staff had been designated as environment officer in Doti and Dadeldhura. Due to restructuring of local bodies there is no existence of DSCO. Now, the PIU has appointed environment officer (Refer Annex 3). The EO is responsible for monitoring and reporting of environment safeguard and coordination with SES.

7.1.5 Grievance redress mechanism and Environment safeguard desk

As per PAM/EARF, the project needs to form the grievance redress committee (GRC) for project level and sub-project level to document, redress and report of received grievances. Due to the restructuring of government body, the project should revise the GRC. For project level, project director will be the main responsible person to redress the grievances received. Grievances will be received verbally or written and will be resolved by GRC in both SP level and PMU level. Environmental safeguard desk has been established in PMU Dadeldhura.

7.1.6 Community consultation and downstream users’ consent

The project has assessed the community consultation minutes for all SPPRs during evaluation. Thus, all the contracted SPs have included community consultation minute. Besides few suggestions, these minutes also include resource utilization consent from downstream users committee. 1077 ward level consultations (n=97 SPs) were conducted during planning stage.

7.1.7 Land Donation

The SPs require land for activities such as civil works and catchment protection measures. The land is private, government/public or community owned. For each land acquisition, the SPs require voluntary land donation paper. All the SPs i.e. 515 persons have submitted voluntary land donation papers in 108 SPs (Project data format).

7.1.8 Environment benefits by SPs

The SPs have great environment benefits in terms of catchment management, ground water recharge, surface water management, water source protection, land stabilization and erosion control mechanism. Bank protection, landslide stabilization and gully erosion control will utilize gabions and bio-engineering methods. Other features of subprojects could include intakes, reservoir, sediment traps, drainage works, drop structures, division structures, and outlets which may increase water quality. Cattle pond, irrigation ponds are also considered by the SPs. Therefore, with an aim to manage and conserve watersheds, the environmental benefits of the project outweigh minor adverse impacts incurred during construction.

7.2 DURING IMPLEMENTATION STAGE

Besides monitoring of planning stage indicators, COs/CSs/FTTs of the respective districts use the environment monitoring formats to collect the information on quarry site management, spoil management, safety gears, grazing land, cut trees, compensatory plantation, additional plantation, fodder trees plantation, grass cultivation, catchment management, gully control measures, landslide protection measures and irrigation ponds. The safeguard issues observed by the expert during field visit are also included in implementation stage safeguard status. Considering planning stage measures, the issues and mitigation measures as provided in EARF, and SPs specific issues during field visit, a summary of compliance status of implementation stage is provided in Annex 1b.

7.2.1 Quarry Site and Burrow Pit Management

The majority of SPs’ civil structures are small-scale, extraction of sand, gravel and boulder is very low. During civil construction, all raw materials were collected from the immediate SP area or location specified by the designated engineers to avoid the issues of material transportation and haphazard collection. As the project has the provision of re-grade the quarry sites, no adverse impact due to quarrying and burrow pit is seen.

7.2.2 Soil erosion, landslide control

Soil erosion and landslide issues occur during construction and land preparation for SPs’ activities. Earthworks and trenching are generally done manually and concrete and cement masonry structures erected using local skilled labor. Most aspects of the proposed works engage a limited number of workers to lay piping, construct forms for reinforced concrete structures and prepare ground for planting soil stabilizing grasses and shrubs. Thus, landslide and soil erosion issues due to construction are not significant. However; the project has encouraged SPs to adopt landslide stabilization, erosion control, gully area treatment practices and bioengineering practices to cope with potential damage of structures. About 15 number of land stabilization measures, 10 gully control measures are adopted in 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang (Refer Table 2). 9761 number of bamboos are planted for bio-engineering purpose for land stabilization (Refer Table 2). The project has recommended to plant shrubs and grass on exposed slopes after construction.

7.2.3 Excess Spoil and excavated top soil management

All the generated spoils from minor construction activities are managed by SPs themselves. These spoils are used in back filling. As the top soil is very important, it is recommended to use excavated top soil for final dressing of the sites and plant soil stabilizing shrubs to prevent from erosion during rainfall.

7.2.4 Tree cutting and plantation

During the land preparation for civil construction activities and recharge pit construction, trees are cleared by few SPs. For catchment restoration work, the SPs has provision of summer and winter trees plantation on both in private and public land which includes fruit trees plantation, fodder trees plantation which will compensate these minor numbers of cut trees. Besides restoring upslope catchment, these plantations will help to generate income of community people, fodder for animal. No tree cut issue is reported in 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang. These 20 SPs have planted 8031 winter plantation, 69478 forestry species, 83910 fodder trees and 24506 fruit trees were planted (Refer Table 2). The SPs are recommended to care the planted trees until they grow.

It is reported that 30959 winter plantation, 70665 fruit trees and 134537 fodder trees, 122610 forestry plantation were planted in 68 SPs till June, 2019. Cultivation of 1096503 numbers of grasses is reported till the reporting period (Refer Annex 4).

7.2.5 Grazing land management

To prevent the possible damage of the catchment area by animal, the project has the provision of prohibiting animal grazing in catchment area. Few SPs have practiced grass cultivation, fodder tress cultivation and fencing. Grass cultivation in 70 ha of land and fodder cultivation in 56.38 ha is reported in 20 SPs (Refer Table 2). Communities are encouraged for stall feeding by sufficient grass/fodder cultivation. Rotational grazing and acceptable grazing area should be defined for grazing type’s alternatives.

Table 1: Plantation status of batch I, II and III

Winter Fodder Forestry Bamboo Fruit Species Grass Species Batch/Total SPs District/SPs Plantation Species Species Species Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Doti-4 Total Batch I-8 SPs 0 0 5978 23.5 22763 15.71 0 0 127716 8.72 1122 8.78 Dadeldhura-4 Bajhang-2 Total Batch II-20 Baitadi-6 8574 54.96 24651 84.713 109071 39.29 112610 43.29 592305 36.57 4851 48.51 SPs Dadeldhura-5 Doti-7 Doti-11 (data of 3 SPs not reported) Total Batch III-40 Achham-19 22385 142.09 40036 185.81 2703 1.38 0 0 376482 24.40 3788 9.49 SPs Bajura-7 Baitadi-3 Doti-22 Dadeldhura-9 Total Batch I+II+ III- Baitadi-9 30959 197.05 70665 294.02 134537 56.38 112610 43.29 1096503 69.69 9761 66.78 68 SPs Bajura-7 Achham-19 Bajhang-2

7.2.6 Catchment management

The project has supported trees cultivation, grass cultivation for catchment improvement which add the greenery as well. To increase the ground recharge, the SPs have also constructed recharge pits, construction ponds. The SPs have also protected catchment land by fencing the area. 237 numbers of source upstream location covering 22033 ha of catchment area are managed in 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang (Refer Annex 1b).

7.2.7 Impact in Forest

No civil work was located in forest land. It is also reported that no single tree was removed from the forest area. During the catchment restoration in community forest, the SP has received the permits from CFUG. The SPs and project should also coordinate with Divisional Forest Offices (DFO) during such work.

7.2.8 Water source protection

Water source is protected by considering the intake and protection wall around the source. Prevention of gully erosion by check dams and gabion protection and source covering have helped the water source protection. 553 numbers (n=20 SPs) of water source protection are seen. The trees around the water source are retained in water source area.

7.2.9 Environment sanitation

According to the nature of SPs, construction wastes are common which are managed after work completion. In SP of Dipayal-Silagadi Municipality, the reservoir tank is also used for community gathering, there are plastic covers, scrap of chocolates, tobacco, and biscuits etc. were seen around the reservoir tank which needs to be cleaned. The reservoir tank and intake of SPs are the place for community inflow, thus area is strictly prohibited for such waste.

7.2.10 Downstream water use

Community consultations with downstream community and formation of CDG have mitigated the potential social conflict. SPs have allocated budget for construction of intake, reservoir tank, RVT, irrigation pond, cattle pond etc. Few SPs are provided budget for drip irrigation, sprinkle. These infrastructures are also used by downstream community as well. Till June, 2019, 378 VDC- level consultations and 1077 ward level consultations were conducted.

7.2.11 Safety measures and Worker’s safety

The construction activities are minor in the SPs and most of the construction activities are completed. Construction activities are remaining in the Batch IV SPs. Workers’ safety concern during construction is included in contract paper. During the visit of SP of Mangalsen, the SP had not applied the safety measures during construction work. The SP should make the provision of protective gears like gloves, shoes, helmets etc. during construction. It is suggested that safety gears and first aid box should be provisioned in on-going construction activities. The contract document also contains safe working place. Local people with CDG are used, thus, provision of construction work camp is non-significant.

7.2.12 Land acquisition and impacts to indigenous people

As the project has the provision of voluntary land donation, no involuntary land acquisition issue arises due to SPs implementation. No negative impact to the life of indigenous people was reported yet. It is found that the indigenous people are also benefitted positively in terms of employment and drinking water facilities.

7.2.13 Child labor

No child below 16 years is employed as a labour in any SP activity. The SPs’ contract documents also include the prohibition of child labours in SP activities.

7.2.14 Employment and wage discrimination

No wage discrimination for women performing similar nature of work is reported yet. The contract document has also assured the no wage discrimination.

7.2.15 Violation of laws and regulation of GoN

The project/SPs have followed the rules and regulation of GoN during their implementation.

7.2.16 Field Visits by project team

All SPs of implementation stages have been visited by PMIC consultant, experts, PMU staffs, technical person. These visits should also include the safeguard monitoring and reporting mechanism as per EARF/PAM. The project has helped in capacity building of the CDG members through training and orientation program. However, the project should orient the community

10 and CDG members about the importance of catchment restoration work. During field visit, the watershed management experts has also instructed the FTT, CO, and CS about supervision of the construction quality and maintaining the safe environmental condition there.

7.2.17 Safeguard Training to Project Team (COs/CSs/FTTs/Environment Officer)

The environment expert is responsible for training the environment officers and project team. Immediately after orientation program conducted at PMU Dadeldhura, FTT were given training on environmental issues and details of the data to be collected. The appointed COs were also provided training about the environmental issues and their mitigation measures. The project is now planning to prepare environment safeguard guidelines and orient the project staffs.

CO/CS level of safeguard training session will be included during the other regular trainings.

7.2.18 Safeguard monitoring and reporting system

Senior environment specialist has prepared and shared environment monitoring and reporting formats. The capacity for environment monitoring and reporting of the project team should be enhanced. CSs have also been instructed to monitor the environmental condition at site to gather the environmental issues and have been instructed to fill up the checklist and forward it to the FTT and finally at PMIC office to check the environmental issues and whether need to be addressed them.

7.2.19 Grievance redress mechanism

Sub-projects have been implemented through the consensus of local people. During planning stage, the SP will form the community development group and the concern of local people has been taken in to consideration. Till June, 2019, no major environmental grievances were reported and no safeguard issues were raised during consultations. The project is under the process of formation of grievance redress committee.

Table 2: Statistical information of 20 SPs of Dadeldhura, Baitadi and Bajhang

Fodder Area of Total Fodder Fruits plant Catchmen Gully Water Nos of No of Winter Winter Forestry Forestry Trees FRUIT Shrubs/Grass brush Catchment Irrigation Irrigation Gully Area Conservat Landslide No of Nos of Cut tree trees/grass planted- Grass Species t Control Source grievances grievances Name of SPs/Address Plantation Plantation Species Species Planted- plantation Cultivation layering/Bioe management pond command Treatmen ion Pond Stabilizatio grievances Schem (Nos) plantation Survived Number managem Measures Protection document under (Nos) (Ha) (Nos) (Ha) Survived (Ha) Area (Ha)* ngineering area (Ha) (Nos) area (Ha) t (Ha) (Nos) n (Nos) resolved es (Ha) (Nos) ent (Nos) (Nos) (Nos) ed processing (Nos) work (Ha)

Dadeldhura Manilek 25 0 0 0.00 3520 1.41 4565 1.83 1869 6.75 6563 0.44 840 8.40 493.10 3 0 0 1 37 0 0 0 0 0 Amargadhi Municipality 29 0 0 0.00 5500 2.20 10313 4.13 3382 12.21 50470 3.36 1704 17.04 2614.56 10 10 0 3 29 0 5 0 0 0 Asigram 23 0 0 0.00 1936 0.77 0 0.00 1220 4.40 46876 3.13 300 3.00 2717.28 3 2 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 Belapur 22 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 11400 4.56 379 1.37 19063 0.23 900 9.00 1212.6 2 6 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 Ganeshpur 34 0 0 0 0 0 688 6.88 720 2.60 20316 1.35 180 1.80 424.19 3 12 0 1 24 0 2 0 0 0 Kailpalmandu 22 0 0 0.00 4840 1.94 10852 0.00 516 1.86 0 0.00 100 1.00 634.03 5 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 Koteli 14 0 0 0 0 0 12375 4.95 1494 5.39 27349 1.82 200 2.00 340.48 0 0 0 3 22 0 0 0 0 0 Mastamandau 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 0.00 31250 2.08 280 2.80 172.15 4 25 0 0 55 0 6 0 0 0 Nawadurga 22 0 0 0 0 0 6600 2.64 500 1.81 7814 0.52 140 1.40 254.12 2 7 0 1 48 0 0 0 0 0 Baitadi Chaukham 17 0 1585 10.16 0 0.00 0 0 2414 8.71 98231 6.55 0 0.00 2034.08 3 8 0 0 32 0 1 0 0 0 Dhungad 19 0 0 578 0.00 0 0.00 0 2.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 1377.15 3 6 0 0 67 0 1 0 0 0 Gajari 25 0 1062 6.81 8236 3.29 0 0.00 441 1.59 6625 0.44 12 0.12 1960.87 7 7 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 Shikharpur 8 0 0 0.00 9652 3.86 0 0.00 43 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 237.56 2 4 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 Shivaling 15 0 0 0 2341 8.45 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1316.79 1 2 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 Siddhapur 21 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 23431.5 9.37 1828 7.14 127803 8.52 0 0.00 1045.16 3 5 0 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 Siddheswor 17 0 242 1.55 20722.4 8.29 220 0.09 0 0.00 3734 0.25 0 0.00 252.56 3 6 0 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 Sikash 20 0 379 2.43 0 0.00 3465 1.39 3032 6.28 53360 1.86 995 9.95 2900.02 1 2.2 0 1 24 0 0 0 0 0 Thalakanda 17 0 0 0 2224 0.00 0 0.00 0 8.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 775.04 5 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 Bajhang Deulek 24 0 2630 16.86 0 0.00 0 0 3904 14.09 42638 2.84 0 0.00 663.48 2 5 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 Syandi 17 0 2133 13.67 10507 4.20 0 0 2612 9.43 97423 6.49 0 0.00 608 2 2 0 0 180 0 0 0 0 Total 412 0 8031 629.48 69478 34.42 83910 35.83 24506 91.67 639515 39.90 5651 57 22033.22 64 129.2 0 10 553 0 15 0 0 0

8. CORRECTIVE ACTION AND RECOMMENDATION

The project has beneficial impacts for water source protection and catchment improvement. However, the project should strengthen environmental monitoring and reporting mechanism as provisioned in planning stage. Similarly, caring of planted trees, considering grazing alternatives, safety measures and coordination with other government bodies should also be considered during implementation stage. The project will also consider recommendations given during Review Mission such as manual and guideline of safeguard, safeguard training to project staffs, restructuring GRC, including environment sections in knowledge product, MIS and project completion report for coming day’s activities.

The project is now planning to prepare environment safeguard guidelines and orient the project staffs. The project need to provide a monitoring and reporting training to the project teams so that the project could receive quality environmental report regularly. Similarly, the project should orient the community and CDG members about the importance of catchment restoration work (Refer Table 3).

The project has focused on quantitative information of environment aspects from civil work and catchment restoration work such as cattle pond, irrigation pond, tree loss, additional plantation, grass/fodder cultivation, land stabilization work, recharge pit, conservation pond, brush layering and grievances etc.

Table 3 : Issue, corrective action, recommendation and responsible agency

Corrective Action & Responsible SN Issues Recommendation Agency Manual & guidelines for Prepare environment guidelines for PMU/PIU/SES/ 1 Environment safeguard as per the project to orient project staffs, PMIC PAM focal persons Training to project staffs Prepare training material SES 3 Aware CDG/Community Awareness Program EO/CO/CS Grievance Redress Committee Form GRC in Project Level and SP 4 PMU/PIU (GRC) level Environment Code of Practice Prepare code of practices and SES/PMU/PIU/ 5 (ECP)considering the issues include them in SPs activities. CDG not included in activities Prepare flex and place in CDG Include environment section in Environment Knowledge Products to be SES/PMIC/ND 6 Section/Environment Window developed by NDF and F environment window in MIS Orient field staffs about formats Quantitative information of SES/EO/CO?C 7 Monitoring and reporting the environmental issues S/FTT mechanism

Annexes

Annex 1: Status of Environmental Safeguards during Planning (Annex 1 a) and Implementation stage (Annex 1 b)

Annex 2: Status of compliance with loan and grant covenants

Annex 3: Appointing Environment Officers by PIU

Annex 4: Detail Plantation Status of Batch I, II and III SPs

Annex 5: Photographs

Annex 1a: Status of Environmental Safeguards during Planning Stage

Environment mgmt Related activities Environment Safeguard Public Environmental Environmenta DDR is Environment Voluntary Consent for Water category of EARF is REA is Training to GRM monitoring and Permits consultation Management Cost l screening is prepared and Help Desk Land Downstream Impact on distribution Erosion/Landsl Watershed Catchment S. N. Name of Subproject the / prepared included in FTTs/Cos established coordination from DoF minute Trees/Fodder/Fru Provision of Ground Water included carried out? included in Etablished Donation Water Use Forest (Y/N) system is ide Protectionn Conservatio Restoration subproject (Y/N) SPPR (Y/N) (Y/N) (Y/N) mechanism (Y/N/NA) included its/Shrubs channel & Recharge separately if yes (Y/ N) SPPR (Y/N) (Y/N) (Y/N/NA) (Y/N) defined (Y/N) measures n practices Practices (A/B/C/FI) established (Y/N) (Y/N) Plantation (Y/N) Spillway (Y/N) practice (Y/N) Give Cost, No=0 (Y/N) (Y/N) (Y/N)

Dadeldhura 1 Manilek VDC Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N NA Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y185,220.86 2 Amargadhi Municipality Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N NA Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y259,557.17 3 Asigram Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N NA Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y107,355.13 4 Belapur YCYYYYYYY YYNNAYYYY YYY NA 5 Ganeshpur Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N NA Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y226,571.22 6 Kailpalmandu Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 141,674 7 koteli Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 116,513 8 Mastamandau Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 261,527 9 Nawadurga Y C Y Y Y Y YY Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y YY Y Y 12,259 Baitadi District 1 Chaukham YCYYYYYY Y YYNNAYYY YYYYY NA 2 Dhungad Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 269,059 3 Gajari Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 223,264 4 Shikharpur Y C Y Y Y Y YY Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y YY Y Y 98,959 5 Shivaling Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 214,020 6 Siddhapur Y C Y Y Y Y YY Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y YY Y Y 77,508 7 Siddheswor Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 125,131 8 Sikash YCYYYYYY Y YYNNAYYY YYYYY NA 9 Thalakanda Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 241,816 Bajhang District 1 Deulek YCYYYYYY Y YYNNAYYY YYYYY NA 2 Syandi Y C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y NNAY Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 223,521

Note: EIA- Environmental Impact Assessment; IEE- Initial Environmental Examination; DDR- Due Diligence Report; REA- Rapid Environment Assessment; GRM- Grievance Redress Mechanism

Annex 1 b: Status of Environmental Safeguard during Implementation Stage (Till June, 2019)

Grazing Location of Fodder Area of Total Use of practice is Alternative Fodder Fruits plant Catchmen Gully Water Nos of No of Location Quarry & Quarry Site Excess Spoil is Excavated Waste Winter Winter Forestry Forestry Trees FRUIT Shrubs/Grass brush Catchment Irrigation Irrigation Gully Area Conservat Landslide No of Nos of Safety seen in Animal Cut tree trees/grass planted- Grass Species t Control Source grievances grievances Name of SPs/Address (private/ Burrow Pit Management managed Top Soil is generation Plantation Plantation Species Species Planted- plantation Cultivation layering/Bioe management pond command Treatmen ion Pond Stabilizatio grievances Schem Gears catchment Grazing (Nos) plantation Survived Number managem Measures Protection document under public/both) area within (Y/N/NA) (Y/N) used (Y/N) (Y/N) (Nos) (Ha) (Nos) (Ha) Survived (Ha) Area (Ha)* ngineering area (Ha) (Nos) area (Ha) t (Ha) (Nos) n (Nos) resolved es (Y/N) protection Practice (Y/N) (Ha) (Nos) ent (Nos) (Nos) (Nos) ed processing 100 m (Y/N) (Nos) work (Ha) area (Y/N) Dadeldhura Manilek Private 25 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 3520 1.41 4565 1.83 1869 6.75 6563 0.44 840 8.40 493.10 3 0 0 1 37 0 0 0 0 0 Amargadhi Municipality Private 29 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 5500 2.20 10313 4.13 3382 12.21 50470 3.36 1704 17.04 2614.56 10 10 0 3 29 0 5 0 0 0 Asigram Private 23 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 1936 0.77 0 0.00 1220 4.40 46876 3.13 300 3.00 2717.28 3 2 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 Belapur Private 22 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 11400 4.56 379 1.37 19063 0.23 900 9.00 1212.6 2 6 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 Ganeshpur Private 34 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0 0 0 688 6.88 720 2.60 20316 1.35 180 1.80 424.19 3 12 0 1 24 0 2 0 0 0 Kailpalmandu Private 22 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 4840 1.94 10852 0.00 516 1.86 0 0.00 100 1.00 634.03 5 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 Koteli Private 14 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0 0 0 12375 4.95 1494 5.39 27349 1.82 200 2.00 340.48 0 0 0 3 22 0 0 0 0 0 Mastamandau Private 21 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 0.00 31250 2.08 280 2.80 172.15 4 25 0 0 55 0 6 0 0 0 Nawadurga Private 22 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0 0 0 6600 2.64 500 1.81 7814 0.52 140 1.40 254.12 2 7 0 1 48 0 0 0 0 0 Baitadi NA N Chaukham Private 17 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 1585 10.16 0 0.00 0 0 2414 8.71 98231 6.55 0 0.00 2034.08 3 8 0 0 32 0 1 0 0 0 Dhungad Private 19 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 578 0.00 0 0.00 0 2.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 1377.15 3 6 0 0 67 0 1 0 0 0 Gajari Private 25 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 1062 6.81 8236 3.29 0 0.00 441 1.59 6625 0.44 12 0.12 1960.87 7 7 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 Shikharpur Private8 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 9652 3.86 0 0.00 43 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 237.56 2 4 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 Shivaling Private 15 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0 2341 8.45 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1316.79 1 2 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 Siddhapur Private 21 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 23431.5 9.37 1828 7.14 127803 8.52 0 0.00 1045.16 3 5 0 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 Siddheswor Private 17 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 242 1.55 20722.4 8.29 220 0.09 0 0.00 3734 0.25 0 0.00 252.56 3 6 0 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 Sikash Private 20 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 379 2.43 0 0.00 3465 1.39 3032 6.28 53360 1.86 995 9.95 2900.02 1 2.2 0 1 24 0 0 0 0 0 Thalakanda Private 17 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 0 0 2224 0.00 0 0.00 0 8.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 775.04 5 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 Bajhang NA N Deulek Private 24 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 2630 16.86 0 0.00 0 0 3904 14.09 42638 2.84 0 0.00 663.48 2 5 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 Syandi Private 17 N Y Y Y N NA N N 0 2133 13.67 10507 4.20 0 0 2612 9.43 97423 6.49 0 0.00 608 2 2 0 0 180 0 0 0 0 Total 412 NA 0 8031 629.48 69478 34.42 83910 35.83 24506 91.67 639515 39.90 5651 57 22033.22 64 129.2 0 10 553 0 15 0 0 0 Y: Yes, N: No, NA: Not Applicable, Nos: Number, Ha: Hector

Annex 2: Compliance status with Loan and Grant Covenants

Reference Covenants Compliance Date Status/Remarks

Environment

The Recipient shall ensure, or cause the EA and implementing agencies to ensure, that the Being complied. It is Para 2, Schedule preparation, design, construction, implementation, operation and decommissioning of the Project considered both Throughout the project. 4 and all Project facilities comply with (a) all applicable laws and regulations of the Recipient relating planning and to environment, health, and safety; (b) the Environmental Safeguards; (c) the EARF; and (d) all implementation stage. measures and requirements set forth in the IEEs, and any corrective or preventative actions set forth in a Safeguards Monitoring Report.

Involuntary Resettlement and Indigenous People: The Recipient shall ensure, or cause the EA and implementing agencies to ensure, that the Project does not have any Indigenous Peoples Safeguards or Involuntary Resettlement Safeguards impacts, Being complied. It is Para 3, Schedule all within the meaning of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). Any sub-project which requires Throughout the project considered in planning 4 involuntary resettlement or has Indigenous Peoples Safeguards impact shall be dropped. In the event stage. that the sub-projects do have any such impact, the Recipient shall take all steps required to ensure that the Project complies with the applicable laws and regulations of the Recipient, and with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement.

The Recipient shall ensure that all voluntary donation of land by beneficiaries is implemented in Para 4, Schedule Being complied. During accordance with the procedures laid out in the Voluntary Land Donation Framework after free, Throughout the project 4 Planning Stage. prior and informed consultation and consent of the affected persons.

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Reference Covenants Compliance Date Status/Remarks

Human and Financial Resources to Implement Safeguards Requirements Para 5, Schedule The Recipient shall make available, or cause the EA and implementing agencies to make available, Throughout the project Being complied. 4 necessary budgetary and human resources to fully implement the EARF, any IEE or EMP, and any additional documents to be prepared in accordance with the EARF.

Safeguards – Related Provisions in Bidding Documents and Works Contracts The Recipient shall ensure, or cause the EA and implementing agencies to ensure, that all bidding documents and contracts for Works contain provisions that require contractors to: (a) comply with the measures and requirements relevant to the contractor set forth in the IEE, the EMP, and any corrective or preventative actions set out in a Safeguards Monitoring Report; (b) make available a budget for all such environmental and social measures; Para 6, Schedule Throughout the project Being complied. 4 (c) provide the Recipient with a written notice of any unanticipated environmental, resettlement or indigenous peoples risks or impacts that arise during construction, implementation or operation of the Project that were not considered in the IEE or the EMP; (d) adequately record the condition of roads, agricultural land and other infrastructure prior to starting to transport materials and construction; and (e) fully reinstate pathways, other local infrastructure, and agricultural land to at least their pre- project condition upon the completion of construction.

Safeguards Monitoring and Reporting Para 7, Schedule The Recipient shall (a) submit semi-annual Safeguards Monitoring Reports to ADB and disclose Throughout the project Being complied. 4 relevant information from such reports to affected persons promptly upon submission; (b) if any unanticipated environmental and/or social risks and impacts arise during construction,

Reference Covenants Compliance Date Status/Remarks implementation or operation of the Project that were not considered in the IEE or the EMP, promptly inform ADB of the occurrence of such risks or impacts, with detailed description of the event and proposed corrective action plan; and (c) report any actual or potential breach of compliance with the measures and requirements set forth in the EMP promptly after becoming aware of the breach.

Grievance Redress Mechanism As soon as possible during the implementation, the EA shall constitute a special committee in each Para 17, Schedule Project district to receive and resolve complaints and grievances or act upon reports from Throughout the project Being complied. 4 stakeholders on misuse of funds and other irregularities. The committees shall (a) make public the existence of the grievance mechanism, (b) review and address grievances of stakeholders of the Project, in relation to either the Project, any of the service providers, or any person responsible for carrying out any aspect of the Project; and (c) proactively and constructively respond to them.

Annex 3: Appointment of Environment Officer

Annex 4: Detail of Plantation Status of Batch I, II and III SPs

Winter Forestry S. Fruit Species Fodder Species Grass Species Bamboo Species District Sub-projects Plantation Species N Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha Nos. Ha 1 Dot Banlek 0 0 700 2.53 3100 1.24 0 0 14268 1.23 232 0.56 2 Dot Jijodhamandu 0 0 1035 3.74 0 0 0 0 7811 0.50 50 0.13 3 Dot Latamandu 0 0 689 2.49 0 0 0 0 12720 0.81 40 0.10 4 Dot Sanagau 0 0 690 4.95 0 0 0 0 6188 0.40 0 0.00 5 Dadeldhura Ganeshpur 0 0 720 2.60 688 6.88 0 0 20316 1.35 180 1.80 6 Dadeldhura Mastamandu 0 0 150 0.00 0 0 0 0 31250 2.08 280 2.80 7 Dadeldhura Nawadurga 0 0 500 1.81 6600 2.64 0 0 7814 0.52 140 1.40 8 Dadeldhura Koteli 0 0 1494 5.39 12375 4.95 0 0 27349 1.82 200 2.00 Total Batch I 0 0 5978 23.5 22763 15.71 0 0 127716 8.72 1122 8.78 9 Bajhang Syandi 2133 13.67 2612 9.43 0 0 10507 4.20 97423 6.49 0 0.00 10 Bajhang Deulek 2630 16.86 3904 14.09 0 0 0 0.00 42638 2.84 0 0.00 11 Baitadi Chaukham 1585 10.16 2414 8.71 0 0 0 0.00 98231 6.55 0 0.00 12 Baitadi Sikash 379 2.43 3032 6.28 3465 1.39 0 0.00 53360 1.86 995 9.95 13 Baitadi Siddheshwor 242 1.55 0 0.00 220 0.09 20722 8.29 3734 0.25 0 0.00 14 Baitadi Siddapur 0 0.00 1828.4 7.14 23432 9.37 0 0.00 127803 8.52 0 0.00 15 Baitadi Shikharpur 0 0.00 43 0.00 0 0.00 9652 3.86 0 0.00 0 0.00 16 Baitadi Gajari 1062 6.81 441 1.59 0 0.00 8236 3.29 6625 0.44 12 0.12 17 Dadeldhura Amargadi 0 0.00 3382 12.21 10313 4.13 5500 2.20 50470 3.36 1704 17.04 18 Dadeldhura Asigram 0 0.00 1220 4.40 0 0.00 1936 0.77 46876 3.13 300 3.00 19 Dadeldhura Belapur 0 0.00 379 1.37 11400 4.56 0 0.00 19063 0.23 900 9.00 20 Dadeldhura Manilek 0 0.00 1869 6.75 4565 1.83 3520 1.41 6563 0.44 840 8.40 21 Dadeldhura Kayalpalmandu 0 0.00 516 1.86 10852 0.00 4840 1.94 0 0.00 100 1.00 22 Doti Tijali 149 0.96 0 0.00 14449 5.78 11110 4.04 6566 0.37 0 0.00 23 Doti Pachnali 0 0.00 0 0.00 9405 3.76 9210 3.35 2578 0.15 0 0.00 24 Doti Barpata 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 8075 3.23 0 0.00 0 0.00 25 Doti Ganjari 0 0.00 375 1.35 10150 4.06 11336 4.12 0 0.00 0 0.00 26 Doti Kadamandu 192 1.23 621 2.24 5557 2.22 4401 1.27 0 0.00 0 0.00 27 Doti Khirsain 202 1.29 455 1.64 3585 1.43 0 0.00 30375 1.94 0 0.00 28 Doti Gairagaun 0 0.00 1560 5.63 1678 0.67 3565 1.31 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total Batch II 8574 54.96 24651 84.713 109071 39.29 112610 43.29 592305 36.57 4851 48.51 29 Doti Daud 581 3.21 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 30 Doti Toleni 2482 24.82 3197 11.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 41015 2.63 400 1.00 31 Doti Bajhakakani 875 6.83 3486 18.70 2000 0.80 0 0.00 29840 0.96 0 0.00 32 Doti Khatiwada 581 3.21 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00

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33 Doti Mahadevsthan 2114 12.16 2163 8.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 2050 0.12 148 0.37 34 Doti Lamikhal 623 3.39 1563 2.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 45858 2.93 0 0.00 35 Doti Dahakalikasthan 2054 11.53 1313 2.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 14543 0.90 72 0.18 36 Doti Kalikasthan 1805 10.79 2361 7.52 0 0.00 0 0.00 21053 1.31 228 0.59 40 Achham Bannatoli 749 6.92 600 5.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 Achham Baijanath 0 0 2888 10.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 42 Achham Bhageshwor 0 0 800 8.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 43 Achham Budhakot 847 8.53 350 3.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 6376 1.18 0 0.00 44 Achham Bindabasani 423 1.99 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 256 0.64 45 Achham Dunni 1139 6.51 764 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 6534 1.09 0 0.00 46 Achham Gajara 262 0.94 40 0.40 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 47 Achham Hatikot 466 2.32 88 0.88 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 232 0.58 48 Achham Jupu 200 2 2250 13.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 400 1.00 49 Achham Markhu 1672 8.34 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 4222 0.33 0 0.00 50 Achham Mastamandu 343 1.8 388 3.88 0 0.00 0 0.00 7500 0.48 0 0.00 51 Achham Nandegada 1565 5.06 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 132 0.33 52 Achham Nawathana 84 0.3 252 2.52 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 53 Achham Oligau 0 0 1775 12.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 54 Achham Patalkot 1468 9.56 50 0.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 55 Achham Ridikot 0 0 1050 10.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 56 Achham Siddheshwor 200 2 1300 13.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 57 Achham Sokot 1452 5.88 250 2.50 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 58 Achham Timmalsen 400 4 1350 3.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 15625 1.00 0 0.00 59 Bajura Barhabis 0 0 1968 8.35 148 0.13 0 0.00 0 0.00 400 1.00 60 Bajura Jayabageshwari 0 0 1968 9.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 17810 1.13 400 1.00 61 Bajura Kaanda 0 0 903 1.56 0 0.00 0 0.00 31251 2.00 400 1.00 62 Bajura Dogadi 0 0 312 1.12 0 0.00 0 0.00 15312 0.97 280 0.70 63 Bajura Brahmatola 0 0 624 2.24 111 0.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 240 0.60 64 Bajura Gudukhati 0 0 610 2.18 222 0.18 0 0.00 31872 1.99 200 0.50 65 Bajura Kuldevmandau 0 0 230 2.30 222 0.18 0 0.00 85621 5.38 0 0.00 66 Baitadi Dhungad 0 0 578 2.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 67 Baitadi Shivling 0 0 2341 8.45 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 68 Baitadi Thalakada 0 0 2224 8.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total Batch III 22385 142.09 40036 185.81 2703 1.38 0 0 376482 24.40 3788 9.49 Total Batch I+II+ III 30959 197.05 70665 294.02 134537 56.38 112610 43.29 1096503 69.69 9761 66.78

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Annex-5: Photographs of sample civil and implementation works

Reservoir tank for water supply in Sanagau SP, Doti Tap-stands in Trishakti High School Barabis SP, Bajura

Cattle pond in Bajhakakani SP, Doti Water source development wail, Durgamndu SP, Doti

Water Collection chamber & Irrigation pond in Basudevi SP, Doti Irrigation pond in paharpani, Shikharpur SP, Baitadi

Reservoir tank Kund CMA, Kadamandu SP, Doti Reservoir tank ChipkeCMA, Jijodhamandu SP, Doti

Recharge pit in Bhauni CMA, Siddheshwor SP, Baitadi Gully control at Chaddi khola CMA, Sangau SP, Doti

Catchment restoration Thulaban CMA, Nawadurga SP, Dadeldhura Okhar plantation, Ghodigada CM, A Nandegada SP, Achham

Seedling for distribution to CMA, Nawadurga SP, Dadeldhura Source protection Garkha CMA, Mastamandu SP, Dadeldhura

Hedge plantation Dharapani CMA, Banlek SP, Doti Brush layering Nuwakot CMS, Sanagau SP, Doti

Gully control Dharapani CMA, Banlek SP, Doti Gully control Kalayam CMA, Pachnali SP, Doti