4462 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ECONOMIC SITUATION IN EGYPT Debt service problems appeared in 1980 Egypt's situation since August 1990 has given when Egypt's external debt surpassed GNP Egypt what could be its best opportunity to and the government began to accumulate ar­ proceed with the needed reforms. Undue hesi­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON rears to official and commercial creditors to tation in restructuring the economy could OF INDIANA cover growing current account deficits. By draw the economy back toward the economic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1984, interest payments arrearages had be­ morass from which it has just emerged. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 come serious because oil export earnings had II. DEVELOPMENTS SINCE LATE 1990 declined from their 1981 high and the govern­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to The Gulf Crisis of late 1990 was an eco­ ment was unable to identify new, alternative nomic watershed for Egypt. Assistance to bring to the attention of my colleagues a re­ sources of foreign exchange. From 1984 to Egypt as a coalition partner dramatically port on the economic situation in Egypt sut:r 1988, debt service arrears increased from changed the conditions which confronted the mitted to the Congress by the Agency for about Sl billion to $4 billion. Scheduled Debt Egyptian economy. While there were foreign International Development Cooperation Act of service rose from S4 billion in 1983184 to $7 .6 exchange gains from the sudden spike in the 1985, as amended. billion in 1990. In late 1984 and through 1985, price of oil, there were large losses in tour­ the government of Egypt began deliberations Egypt is the second largest recipient of Unit­ ism, worker remittances and some nontradi­ on the underlying causes of the debt service tional exports. Domestic economic pressures ed States bilateral assistance and the trans­ problem and initiated a number of minor formation of its economy, its privatization, and for food, housing and jobs increased as Ku­ austerity measures, including subsidy reduc­ waiti refugees and Egyptian workers fled the its reform are important interests we share tions. In 1986, following a further decline in Gulf. The business climate was depressed. with Egypt. the price of oil, with severe macroeconomic Without help, the economy appeared to be on The report was submitted to the Congress imbalances and a dramatic increase in debt the verge of a major crisis. The IMF noted in February 20, 1992. The first part of the report service arrearages, the government opened retrospect that, "In such a crisis environ­ follows here and attachments A and B to the discussions with the IMF for a stand-by ar­ ment massive economic disruption was a rangement and with the Paris Club for a debt possibility." report, providing tables and background, are rescheduling. retained in the files of the Committee on For­ However, Egypt's early and staunch sup­ To stablize its macroeconomic situation, port of the multinational effort to restore eign Affairs: Egypt negotiated an 18-month stand-by with Kuwait led to important short-term relief ANNUAL REPORT ON ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN the IMF, which covered the period April 1987 from the country's economic problems. As EGYPT, FEBRUARY 1992 to October 1988. In early 1987, Egypt resched­ one of several "front line" states in that I. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS uled S7 billion in arrears and maturities com­ conflict, Egypt received substantial levels of A. Conclusions ing due to Paris Club creditors .in 1987-88. new external assistance via. the Gulf Crisis The stand-by called for a number of eco­ Financing Working Group (GCFCG) coun­ Egypt should be able to meet its external nomic reforms including initial actions to debt service obligations in 1992 because of tries. In addition, the President made a de­ devalue the currency, minor increases in in­ termination that reduction of Egypt's out­ the relief provided by external transfers and terest rates and budget deficit reduction, pri­ debt forgiveness provided in conjunction standing Foreign Military Sales debt to zero, marily through partial price corrections to pursuant to the authority in Section 592 of with the Gulf Crisis, the country's foreign reduce subsidies. In addition, the IMF and exchange reserve situation, and the debt the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, Paris Club understood that stronger meas­ and Related Programs Act of 1991, was essen­ service relief following the Paris Club debt ures would be taken before the end of 1987 in rescheduling. tial to the national security interests of the order to increase the speed of economic sta­ United States and to enhance the chances for Egypt should also be able to continue to bilization. service its debt in the medium-to-long term peace and stability in the Middle East. As a By November 1987, the inadequacy of the prerequisite to forgiving Egypt's $6.7 billion if it stays the course on the ambitious eco­ Egyptian reform effort became clearly mani­ nomic reform program on which it has em­ military debt, the statute required the Presi­ fest in missed IMF performance targets and dent to seek comparable debt relief from barked (and on which it is making notable the continued deterioration in key macro­ progress) and if external factors such as in­ Egypt's other official bilateral creditors. The economic indicators. The 1987 stand-by be­ Administration was successful in this regard. dustrial country growth, oil prices, tourism came inoperative and negotiations began in and remittance earnings remain favorable. Gulf States and other creditor countries can­ early 1988 for a new stand-by arrangement. celled some $6.2 billion in Egyptian debt. To­ B. Background and Summary By the early summer of 1990, Egypt's lack of gether, the debt reduction of about Sl2.9 bil­ For nearly two decades, Egypt's centrally foreign exchange threatened its ability to lion reduced Egypt's debt service burden in planned economy stimulated consumption meet Brooke-sensitive debt service payments the first year alone by Sl.3 billion. Other and domestic investment through subsidized to the U.S. and the country was estimated to creditor countries chose to take action in foreign exchange, domestic consumer goods have accumulated SlO billion in arrears. the Paris Club framework, which would de­ and resources including energy (see Attach­ Without help, the economy appeared to be on pend on Egypt obtaining an IMF program. ment B for a more complete survey). The the verge of a major crisis. The situation With the breathing room provided by ex­ principal external sources of funds were oil changed markedly during the Gulf Crisis and ternal assistance and debt relief, movement exports, Suez Canal tolls, remittances from its aftermath, with debt forgiveness, large toward a reform program accelerated. In workers abroad and bilateral foreign assist­ inflows of donor assistance, a new IMF early 1991, Egypt implemented a number of ance in the form of loans, credits, credit stand-by and agreement on a World Bank prior actions required by the IMF, including guarantees and grants. Egypt borrowed heav­ Structural Adjustment Loan. After the first floating foreign exchange rates, freeing in­ ily during the 1970's and 1980's to finance review in December 1991, the IMF Board ap­ terest rates and raising energy prices. On consumption, infrastructure and military proved continuation of the stand-by and April 19, 1991 Egyptian authorities formally spending. By 1980, external debt stood at modified targets for the remainder of the submitted a request to the IMF for a new nearly S21 billion (98% of GNP and 227% of program. stand-by arrangement. On May 17, the IMF exports). By 1985, It had doubled to $42 bil­ The significant easing of its debt service Board approved a stand-by covering the pe­ lion before peaking at $55 billion (including burden, donor transfers and the economic riod ending November 20, 1992. Paris Club arrears) in 1990. This placed the debtJGNP policy changes implemented during 1991 have members agreed to May 1991 to reduce ratio at roughly 163% and the debt/export greatly strengthened Egypt's capacity to Egypt's bilateral debt by 50% of the present ratio at about 678%. By 1990, according to service its debt. However, some difficult value over three years, conditioned on adher­ World Bank data, debt service absorbed 45% times lie ahead if Egypt is to capitalize on ence with IMF program criteria.1 On July 8- of goods and services export earnings, with its newly found gains. Retaining a better 21.8% accounted for by interest payments balance in external accounts and growth in 1 Because this figure reflects the present value of alone. The bulk of this debt resulted from the economy will require continued, and the debt forgiven, data for changes is the debt stock long term official borrowing from bilateral sometimes unpopular, comprehensive re­ do not necessarily add to these amounts. Rather, the sources (see Table 5). form. The donor and creditor response to reduction appears more starkly in outyear debt

• This "bullet" symbol identifit:s statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4463 9, 1991, for the first time in a decade, a World iffs were increased by 15 to 40 percent. Cot­ SAL conditionality and performance mon­ Bank-led Consultative Group of bilateral and ton prices are to reach 60% of world prices by itoring tend to emphasize the structural di­ multilateral donors meeting in Paris re­ 1991/92 and 66% in 1992193, eventually to ap­ mension of the overall reform effort. The viewed and broadly endorsed Egypt's pro­ proach international prices. conditions comprise two categories: (a) loan­ posed economic structural adjustment pro­ 6. Foreign trade liberalization includes signing conditions, and (b) conditions for gram. In June 1991, the World Bank Execu­ phasing out most nontariff trade barriers, second tranche release. tive Board approved a $300 million policy­ lowering high tariffs, reducing the dispersion 1. In outline, the loan-signing conditions, condi tioned Structural Adjustment Loan of tariff rates, and generally eliminating the which were met in November 1991, involved: (SAL) for Egypt. The loan was signed on No­ anti-export bias in the trade regime. By mid- a. promulgation of a new Public Invest­ vember 22, 1991. In addition, in June the 1991, import bans were reduced from 37% im­ ment law as a keystone of public enterprise Bank Board approved an SDR 105 million port coverage to 23%. This figure is to fall to reform, and establishment of various institu­ IDA credit for a "social fund" project and $84 11 % of agricultural and manufacturing out­ tional, regulatory, and staffing procedures million for gas investment project. put. Protection still remains high on certain necessary to implement that law and elimi­ A. Main Features of the Government of Egypt's public enterprises and will need to be a focus nation of centralized foreign exchange budg­ Economic Reform Program of the second phase of liberalization. The eting for public sector companies; The government of Egypt's economic re­ multiple exchange rate system is replaced by b. establishing a formula and time frame form program contains three general compo­ a single exchange rate that reflects underly­ for cotton price adjustments to reach inter­ nents: (a) a stabilization effort supported by ing market forces. national levels; the IMF to restore macroeconomic balance; 7. A social fund for Development, in addi­ c. extension of the liberalized investment (b) structural adjustment measures, assisted tion to softening the impact on the poor, in­ law previously enjoyed by only selected by the IBRD and other donors to improve cludes the development of institutional ar­ firms. overall economic efficiency; and (c) "safety . rangements to facilitate labor mobility. 2. Conditions for the second tranche re­ net" provisions supported by a Social Fund B. Main Features of the IMF Agreement lease are detailed in Attachment B. In es­ sence, nine categories of reform are speci­ for Development project, financed by IDA The IMF stand-by is couched in the con­ and other donors, and intended to cushion fied: (1) satisfactory progress in macro­ text of the complete reform package, of economic reforms; (2) privatization of public the adverse impact of economic reforms on which " ... the priority objective as stated the poor. enterprises; (3) legal and institutional in the Memorandum of Economic Policy of changes supportive of public enterprise re­ These, in turn, are broken down into seven the Egyptian Government is to create, over specific target areas: form; (4) industrial price liberalization; (5) the medium term, a decentralized market­ energy price liberalization; (6) agricultural 1. Macroeconomic reforms to contain infla­ based, outward-oriented economy that will tion, reduce the balance of payments current price liberalization; (7) increased privatiza­ restore noninflationary growth and Egypt's tion of fertilizer and cement distribution; (9) account deficit and the government budget creditworthiness." a number of prior actions deficit and restore international credit­ other reforms as set out in the Letter of De­ and performance criteria for the stand-by are velopment Policy. worthiness. Toward this end, the IMF tar­ spelled out in the Memorandum of Under­ geted fiscal deficit reduction from 20% of standing. The agreement calls for two pro­ III. CHANGES TO DATE AND WHAT REMAINS TO BE GDP in 1990/91 to 10% of GDP in 1991/92 and gram reviews. The first completed in Decem­ DONE 6.5% of GDP in 1992193. Subsidy payments are ber 1991, focused on progress on economic A. General Progress to be reduced. The elasticity of the revenue and financial policies and on exchange rate By any standard, the Government of Egypt system is to be improved. A sales tax is al­ and monetary reforms. During that review, has accomplished great deal since the Spring ready implemented in one move toward that understandings were reached on performance of 1990 in setting the stage for a comprehen­ end. Introduction of a Global Income Tax targets for end-March 1992, end-June 1992 and sive reform of its economy. In mid-1991, the (GIT.) in 1992193 will be the second major step end-September 1992. The second review is Government of Egypt presented an list of ac­ in a comprehensive tax reform program for scheduled for June 1992 and will focus on complishments to that point. These in­ which technical assistance is being provided progress on economic and financial policies. cluded, inter alia, President Mubarak's May under an AID project. 1. Actions required and completed before signing 1, 1990 announcement of a path-breaking pri­ 2. Financial Sector Reforms to improve su­ vatization program; approval of the People's pervision and regulation, strengthen bank the Fund Agreement Before a Fund agreement could be signed, Assembly of a new "Public Investment solvency and remove impediments to effi­ Law;" virtual elimination of investment li­ cient mobilization and allocation of invest­ the government had to certify, among other things, that: it had implemented a sales tax; censing requirements for private firms, ex­ ment resources. Market-determined interest cept for a limited "negative list;" streamlin­ rates have been effected and overall credit it had increased customs duty rates by 30%; it had increased domestic petroleum and en­ ing of investment approval processes; begin­ expansion is to be restrained to rates con­ ning the phase-out of public trading monopo­ sistent with inflation targets. ergy prices to specified levels; it had secured 3. Public enterprise reforms including re­ $70 million in additional grant donor funding lies; a 300 percent increase in wheat byprod­ structuring and privatizing of public enter­ for 1990/91; it had identified $300 million in uct prices; a 500 percent increase in the price prises and severing the "umbilical cord" be­ additional grant funding for 1991192. of petroleum products over the previous five years; a 400 percent increase in electricity tween public enterprises, the government 2. Performance Criteria treasury and the banking system. Public en­ prices over the same period; the declared in­ terprises are to be subject to the same rules Program performance criteria to be mon­ tention of the government to move petro­ as private firms and access to credit is to be itored during the stand-by include: leum prices to their international equiva­ based on creditworthiness. Public enterprise a. credit ceilings not to exceed specified lents, and electricity prices to their long run managers are to be given full management quarterly targets; marginal production costs, by mid-1995; autonomy, including employment decisions. b. net international reserves at the Central elimination of subsidies on "free" sugar and Liquidation of nonviable enterprises will be Bank not to fall short of specified quarterly nonrationed edible oils; reducing the value of benchmarks through 1991; industrial production covered by adminis­ permitted and privatization is encouraged. A c. specified limits on public sector borrow­ new Public Investments Law has already tered prices from 53 percent to 26 percent; re­ ing short term and external debt it limited been enacted. moval of all interest rate ceilings; institu­ 4. Private sector reforms are intended to to specified quarterly amounts; tion of domestic credit ceilings; introduction foster private sector development through d. exchange rate and trade regime cov­ of a new sales tax; progress toward a revision dismantling of government monopolies, enants that call for: of the income tax, with target date for a law elimination of numerous investment and 1. unification of the exchange rate (com­ by mid-1992 and hope for implementation by production controls, and creating a "more pleted December 1991), early 1993; sales of locally-owned public en­ level playing field" for private firms vis a vis 2. no additional or intensified restrictions terprises; breaking the direct credit line be­ public enterprises in the purchase of inputs. on international payments, tween the Central Bank and the Central Gov­ 5. Price liberalization aimed at having 3. no reversion to multiple currency prac­ ernment; creating a market for Treasury most prices in the economy determined by tices, bills; opening the market to private foreign market forces within three years. Transport, 4. no new or intensified import restrictions exchange dealers; and unifying the foreign energy and power prices are to rise gradually for balance of payments improvement. exchange rate. The agenda is an ambitious to international levels or, in other cases, to e. specified adjusters to (a) and (b), above one. In all, more than 30 separate reform equal their long-run marginal costs of pro­ B. Main Features of the IBRD SAL measures were slated just for the period duction. In January, 1991 rail passenger tar- The SAL draws upon the main elements of April-June, 1991. the broad program outlined in section A, B. Progress on World Bank and IMF Targets service payment streams, after non-Paris Club ar­ above. The macroeconomic framework dove­ The loan-signing conditions for the SAL rears are cleared in 1992. tails with that worked out with the IMF. were met by November, 1991. It is too early 4464 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 to measure progress on second tranche IBRD C. What Remains to be Done? cent and his wife Karen are the proud parents performance measures, but the schedule as­ In the simplest terms, what Egypt needs to of Gary and Diana, and Dennis and Kathy sumes that these are to be met in mid-1992. do is to stay the course on the reform pro­ have two children, Paula and Donald. The en­ The IMF held its first performance review, gram that has been inaugurated. In the short tire Grzelak family joins me in saluting Henry as scheduled, in December 1991. The evalua­ term, continued fiscal discipline, restraint in and Mary on this special occasion. tion covered two quarters of 1991; April-June external borrowing, tax reform, control of and July-September. The staff concluded excessive credit creation, continued trade Their commitment to each other and their that, overall, "Developments under the pro­ liberalization, and price liberalization are all family is impressive and deserving of special gram have been mixed," citing both positive key to ensuring that the stabilization effort recognition and honor. I am sure that my col­ and less positive developments. While overall endures. leagues join me in congratulating Mr. Henry macroeconomic reforms remained generally However, the key to the long-term viabil­ Grzelak and Mary, his bride of 50 years, on on track, several numerical performance tar­ ity of the reform effort will lie in measures their many years of love and commitment. gets for June and September were not that decontrol investment, maximize the use May their life together continue to be an ad­ achieved. The Board approved continuation of markets as a resource allocation mecha­ of the stand-by and modified targets for the nism and privatize public enterprises early venture and offer them many more pleasant remainder of the program. and at the most rapid feasible rate. Failure memories. Progress under the program: to correct the atrophy that impairs eco­ Directly specified policy measures called nomic productivity and international com­ for in the program were generally met on petitiveness could ultimately undercut the LIBYA: STILL A TERRORIST time. very real, substantial, and hard-won gains STATE Introduction of a treasury bill market and that have already been achieved. market-based interest rates; The recent history of economic reform at­ HON. WM. S. BROOMFlELD Inauguration of a sales tax; tempts in Egypt is not particularly encour­ Subsidy reductions; aging. Yet, the Government of Egypt seems OF MICHIGAN Energy price increases; to be committed as never before to real eco­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Initial banking reforms; nomic reform, and has never previously Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Exchange rate reform. taken as many bold steps as it has thus far. Better-than-expected growth performance, The most generally expressed feeling among Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, despite his control of inflation and balance of payments outside observers is " cautious optimism." efforts to project a respectable image, Col. performance. While some quantitative targets have been Muammar Qadhafi is still actively supporting External arrearages were much less than missed, the general thrust is still forward, international terrorism. I therefore encourage programmed, thanks to debt forgiveness and and to date the government seems ready to the administration to continue to put inter­ Paris Club rescheduling. counter shortfalls with additional corrective national pressure on this outlaw state until Qa­ The treasury bill market appeared to be measures. Yet the remaining required working smoothly, and in order to compete, changes are substantial. Despite the best in­ dhafi ends his support for terrorism and terror­ banks have had to increase their deposit tentions, progress will not always be rapid. ist groups. rates (though still not positive in real The administrative burden of these reforms An exhaustive international investigation of terms). falls on a small number of government offi­ the downing of Pan Am 103 in 1988 has con­ The pound was more stable and stronger cials and staff, who must simultaneously cluded that Libyan intelligence agents were re­ than expected. manage: an IMF stand-by; and World Bank sponsible for bombing that aircraft which re­ Areas requiring continued effort: SAL; a Paris Club Restructuring; numerous sulted in the deaths of 270 innocent pas­ Growth rates of net domestic assets of the bilateral aid programs; internal policy re­ sengers, including 189 Americans, and Scot­ banking system exceeded the target; form; and the day-to-day operations of the Growth in credit to the public sector ex­ government. Decisions will be unpopular tish citizens on the ground. Libyan agents are ceeded the target; with one group or another. How far reforms also likely suspects in the similar bombing of Government bank borrowing was above the can go before " adjustment fatigue" settles a French UT A flight in 1989 that claimed the target; on the population cannot be known at this lives of 171 passengers, among them a num­ Revenue and expenditure deviations from time, but will be a decisive factor in deter­ ber of United States citizens. respective targets deviated by about 3% of mining whether this ambitious program will In pursuing its firm policy against terrorism, GDP; reach fruition. last year our Government and Britain indicted The pace of monetary expansion, if not two Libyan intelligence officers who are prime brought under control, could add inflation­ ary pressures. THE 50TH WEDDIN(} ANNIVERSARY suspects in the Pan Am bombing. The French The pace of public enterprise reform was OF HENRY AND MARY GRZELAK Government also supported the enforcement slower than hoped (thereby accounting in of arrest orders for four other Libyans involved part for the better than average growth and in the attack on the UTA aircraft. In January, balance of payments performances and the HON. WILLIAM 0. LIPINSKI the three allies succeeded in persuading the excessive credit to the public sector). OF ILLINOIS United Nations Security Council to pass a res­ According to the conditions of the original IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES olution calling upon Libya to end its support agreement, performance targets for the bal­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 for terrorism and bring to justice those respon­ ance of the program were agreed to in De­ cember. These, again, include quarterly Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, it gives me sible for the attacks on the two aircraft. quantitative performance targets for: net do­ great pleasure to bring to the attention of my Despite hollow promises that he would co­ mestic assets, public sector credit, external colleagues an exemplary couple from my con­ operate on the Pan Am incident, Qadhafi has debt ceilings, clearing of arrearages, and gressional district, Mr. and Mrs. Henry engaged in obvious stalling tactics designed to international reserve ceilings. Corrective Grzelak. This past June 7, Henry and Mary win him time while he attempts to undermine measures were needed to counter the effects celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary with United States-backed efforts to make his re­ of previous slippages. These include several their family and friends. gime accountable for these shameless terrorist revenue increasing and expenditure reducing On June 7, 1941, Henry and Mary Grzelak activities. measures, and increased control over credit Meanwhile, Qadhafi continues to provide expansion. June 30, 1992 was set as the new were married at the Saint Pancratius Catholic date for eliminating all arrears, rather then Church, at the corner of 40th and Kedzie in training camps for international terrorists. After December 31, 1991. As in the first phase, per­ Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Grezelak have been closing a number of those sites in response to formance "adjusters" are included to allow pillars of their community the past 45 years, United States pressure, Qadhafi shifted his for changes in circumstances such as debt living in the same home at 7524 West 58th terrorist training efforts to other camps in Libya forgiveness or a shortfall in actual debt serv­ Street in Summit, IL. where Abu Nidal Organization terrorists are ice payments. The second program review is Mr. Grzelak served in the U.S. Navy from trained along with dissidents from Africa, Asia set for mid-June 1992. 1942 to 1945, and he was employed for 25 and Latin America. Once again, Qadhafi has Because of the need to modify the timing failed to live up to his commitment to re­ for meeting quantitative targets, the phas­ years at B. Schwartz Meat Packers in Chi­ ing of purchases has been likewise amended cago. During this time, Mary Grzelak con­ nounce terrorism. for the remaining period of the program. centrated on raising her two sons. I encourage the administration to continue Egypt reportedly made a purchase after the Henry and Mary have two sons, Vincent and working with our allies at the United Nations to December review. Dennis, and four wonderful grandchildren. Vin- pass a further resolution imposing mandatory March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4465 sanctions designed to sever international air groups-in some cases asking them to leave tension of Gadhafi's political influence but is links with Tripoli, declare an arms embargo on Libya-in hopes of reducing Western pres­ determined to halt the terrorism that Libya Libya and reduce Libyan diplomatic missions sure. But, he said, such steps "could easily is said to have helped instigate on at least and business offices overseas-facilities which be reversed.'' three continents. U.S. officials said another cosmetic ges­ According to recent intelligence reports, are often used to support terrorist operations. ture by Gadhafi was the appointment in No­ Gadhafi has been trying since last fall to The Libyan strongman must be brought to vember of a new intelligence chief, Col. hide Scud missiles and fortifying anti­ account for taking the lives of over 441 inno­ Youssef Abdel Kader al-Dobri. He was named aircraft installations, apparently a pre­ cent civilians. The families of the 14 victims of to replace Ibrahim Bishari, alleged overseer caution against air strikes such as those the Pan Am disaster who are from Michigan of Libyan terrorism in the 1980s, but officials that President Ronald Reagan launched would surely agree. say Bishari is still an active, behind-the­ against him in 1986. I would like to bring to the attention of my scenes player in the Libyan intelligence Although U.S. officials said they would not colleagues the following Washington Post arti­ structure. rule out military action in the future, they Last November, the United States and stressed that U.S. policy, at this stage, is cle concerning Libya: Britain indicted two Libyan intelligence offi­ committed to working in concert with other LIBYA'S TERRORIST TRAINING CAMPS: GADHAFI cers-Abdel Basset Ali Al-Megrahi, 39, and countries. STILL RUNS FIVE DESPITE COSMETIC Lamen Khalifa Fhimah, 35-on charges of Many diplomats have warned that Western CHANGES, UNITED STATES CLAIMS planting a bomb on Pan Am Flight 103, moves against Gadhafi could ignite Arabs to (By George Lardner Jr. and John M. Goshko) which exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, in rise in his support throughout North Africa. Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi is still December 1988. The French government However, U.S. officials noted that the same operating at least five terrorist training joined in calls for enforcement of arrest or­ arguments were made about using force camps and has made only "cosmetic" conces­ ders in the UTA case against four higher­ against Saddam before the Persian Gulf War, sions to Western demands that he get out of ranking Libyan intelligence officers, includ­ and widespread populist uprisings on Iraq's the terrorism business, according to senior ing Gadhafi's brother-in-law, Abdullah behalf never materialized. U.S. officials. Senoussi. A more serious concern, U.S. officials ac­ Consequently, the Bush administration has Last month, the three allies were unable to knowledged, is the impact that an upheaval begun lobbying the United Nations to impose persuade a majority of the U.N. Security in Libya could have on the economics of economic sanctions againt Libya that U.S. Council to vote for sanctions and had to set­ Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, all of officials hope would stay in force even if tle for a resolution calling on Libya to co­ which depend heavily on the earnings sent Gadhafi surrenders the Libyan agents sus­ operate in ending international terrorism home by their nationals working in Libya. pected in midair bombings of two Western and bringing to justice those responsible for The potential economic effects are especially jetliners several years ago. the deaths of 441 people in the two airplane important for Egypt, which has about 1 mil­ The officials said the administration is not bombings. lion citizens in Libya and engages in exten­ seeking Gadhafi's ouster and has no imme­ But some diplomatic sources at the United sive cross-border commerce with Libya. diate plans to attack Libya militarily if Nations believe that Third World countries Gadhafi fails to comply with U.N. demands. on the council, who argued earlier that In interviews, the officials said the admin­ Gadhafi should be given a chance to comply CONGRESS SHOULD ENCOURAGE, istration believes it can build on the diplo­ voluntarily, now feel he is stalling and are NOT SUPPRESS, JOB CREATORS matic momentum of charges tying Libya to more receptive to the idea of sanctions. LIKE FLORIDA'S DENNIS the bombings of a Pan American flight in U.N. Secretary General Boutros Boutros­ WILFONG 1988 and a French UTA flight in 1989 to invig­ Ghali sent a deputy, Vasiliy Safronchuk, to orate a decade-long campaign to force an end Tripoli last weekend to try to work out a to Gadhafi's 22-year history of instigating, mechanism for Libya to comply. Safronchuk HON. CUFF STEARNS bankrolling and giving haven to terrorists. was expected this week to fly to Geneva to OF FLORIDA One government official said Gadhafi "has confer with Boutros-Ghali, then return to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been making a strong effort to hide his Tripoli. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 hand" in terrorism since November when If Safronchuk's mission fails, the United two Libyan intelligence officers were in­ States, Britain and France hope to get the Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to dicted in the United States and Britain for 15-nation Security Council to impose manda­ bring my colleagues' attention to an article that the Pan Am bombing. For instance, Gadhafi tory penalties that could include cutting off recently appeared in the March issue of Flor­ closed five large terrorist training camps international air links with Libya, an arms ida Trend magazine. It is about one of my publicly identified by the State Department embargo and a drastic reduction of Libyan constituents in central Florida, Dr. Dennis in a report on Libya last November that was diplomatic missions and business firms that Wilfong, of Brooksville. based on intelligence information. But a sen­ Gadhafi uses in other countries as a front for The story of Dennis Wilfong and the hurdles ior State Department official said Libya is terrorism. keeping at least five other camps in oper­ Countries regarded as possibly retaining he overcame to become a successful small ation. doubts about a tough sanctions resolution businessman is an inspiration to all, particu­ "The terrorists in the camps that were are China, which as a permanent Security larly in this time of recession. closed were moved to other training facili­ Council member can veto any resolution, and I would like my colleagues to read this arti­ ties, ones that were not listed," said another Morocco, India, Zimbabwe, Cape Verde and cle because it is the Dennis Wilfongs of Amer­ administration official. Ecuador. ica that create jobs and make our economy According to the State Department, the U.S. officials acknowledge that many grow. As Congress works toward economic closed camps-Al Qalah, the Seven April countries, among them such key U.S. allies expansion we should have the goal of encour­ Training Camp, the Sidi Bilal Port Facility, in the Middle East as Egypt, are concerned aging, not suppressing, job creators like Den­ Bin Gashir and Ras al Hilal-had been used about the political vacuum that could result to train members of the Abu Nidal Organiza­ if sanctions and other pressures led to nis Wilfong: tion as well as dissidents from Africa, Asia Gadhafi's ouster. But U.S. policymakers re­ THE SUPPRESSOR WHO COULDN'T BE and Latin America and Palestinian terrorist gard Gadhafi's survival as far less important SUPPRESSED groups. Abu Nidal's group, which the State than ending Libya's role in terrorism. As one (By Mike Bernos) Department considers "the most dangerous put it: "If he can do the things we are insist­ For Dennis Wilfong, there is life after terrorist organization in existence," still has ing on and still survive, good luck to him." being slammed on "60 Minutes." headquarters in Tripoli and continues to In that respect, U.S. policy differs from the Twelve years ago, Wilfong was partowner train terrorists at other camps in the desert administration's attitude toward another of a company that generated more than $2 country, officials here said. radical Mideast adversary, Iraqi President million a year manufacturing electrical While Libya has not been tied directly to Saddam Hussein. Since the Persian Gulf War surge suppressors. Wilfong was a pioneer in any recent terrorist attacks, and while inter­ last year, President Bush has said repeatedly this budding industry, and as is customary national terrorism generally has appeared to that he wants Saddam out and that the Unit­ for many innovators. he didn't have every­ wane in recent months, U.S. officials said ed States will not relax pressure on Iraq as one in the scientific community behind him. Gadhafi continues to provide training and long as Saddam remains in power. Skeptics were unconvinced that surge-sup­ funds to terrorist groups around the world, U.S. officials said Libya, unlike such other pression devices-used to protect electrical from radicals in the Philippines to the Provi­ terrorism-supporting Muslim states as Iraq, equipment from destructive power surges­ sional Irish Republican Army. Syria and Iran, is not powerful enough to be­ were needed or could even be developed. One official said Gadhafi has temporarily come a dominant force in the region. The One such critic was an MIT professor who scaled back relations with some terrorist United States, they said, does not fear an ex- caught the attention of "60 Minutes." On a 4466 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 fateful Sunday evening in 1978, the late has had a similar experience. Wilfong's de­ peace in recent United Nations peacekeeping Harry Reasoner anchored a segment that vice "virtually eliminated any electrical efforts in Yugoslavia. As the special envoy of questioned the validity of Wilfong's product. problems," Murray says. the United Nations Security Council, he rec­ Wilfong now spreads the word about his The backlash was swift and costly. ommended the deployment of some 14,000 Sales of the company's surge suppressors transient-voltage surge supprE\ssors (known all but dried up. Discredited and nearly as The Protector) through independent dis­ troops to maintain peace between conflicting broke, Wilfong left the company. He and his tributors. In 1991, they sold $10 million worth Serbian and Croatian nationalists. I respect­ wife, Pam, left West Virginia and moved to of Innovative Technology's products. That's fully submit an article by Leslie H. Gelb from Brooksville to start over. "It was the lowest only a sliver of the worldwide market, but the New York Times that heralds the quiet ac­ point of my life," Wilfong says today. the industry is highly fragmented, with at complishments of a seasoned peace maker Since that time, he has risen like a phoe­ least 50 other companies competing, includ­ and presents his record for Nobel Peace Prize nix. Wilfong has built a new company, Inno­ ing electronic giants General Electric and consideration. Panasonic. vative Technology Inc., that is a growing From a legal career specializing in civil liti­ competitor in the $550 million-a-year market Despite the competition, Wilfong expects for surge suppressors. Innovative Technology's sales to increase by gation, Vance has espoused the simple doc­ If there were skeptics in 1978, there is a at least 15% annually for the next two to trine that negotiated solutions are preferable to world of believers now. Out of a 30,000- three years. Part of that growth may result military ones. Vance has been described as a square-foot plant with 75 employees in from the natural expansion of the industry. "deeply tenacious-and-

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991

Current account ...... (960) 1,595 96 1 (2 ,611 ) 1,000 Merchand ise: Exports (fob) ...... 10,322 11 ,929 11 ,780 13,026 14,300 Merchandise: Imports (fob) ...... 13 ,551 13,706 15,999 22 ,580 22 ,300 Trade balance ...... (3,229) (1,777) (4,219) (9,554) (8,000) Service credits ...... 4,11 1 6,026 7,098 8,933 10,100 Service debits ...... 4,282 4,812 5,476 6,496 7,300 Private transfers, net ...... 2,088 1,826 3,135 3,349 3,200 Official transfers, net ...... 352 332 423 1,1 57 2,000 Current account deficit as percent of GNP ...... 1.7 - 1.8 - .7 3.5 - 1.5 Source : Central Bank of Turkey: Other data: Real GNP growth , (percent) ...... 7.4 3.4 .9 9.9 2 Inflation-consumer prices ...... 39 75 70 60 67 Sources: State Planning Organization and State Institute of Statistics .

TABLE 111.- EXTERNAL DEBT [In millions of U.S. dolla rs )

1987 1988 1989 1990 June 30, 1991 I. Disbursed external debt total ...... 40,228 40,722 41.021 49,035 43,752 Medium and long term ...... 32 ,605 34,305 35.276 39,535 34,930 Multilateral ...... 9,802 9,1 92 8,740 9,564 Bilateral ...... 11 ,680 11,382 11 ,431 12,984 Private ...... :...... 11 ,123 13,731 15,105 16,987 Short term ...... 7,623 6,417 5,745 9,500 8,822 II. Debt service: Medium and long term principal payments ...... 3,031 4,394 4,276 4,033 Interest payments ...... 2,387 2,799 2,907 3,264 Ill. Ratios (percent) : Medium and long term debt service/exports of goods and services and transfers ...... 32.0 35.7 32.0 27.6 Interest payments/GNP ...... 3.6 4.5 3.9 3.1 Total debUNominal GNP ...... 59 57 51 45 Source: Central Bank of Turkey.

SLASHING THE MILITARY AND THE WESTERN RANCHER both to feed and water his herds. He uses his TRASHING THE ECONOMY private 5,000 acres, which his forefathers homesteaded at the turn of the century, plus HON. Bill ORTON the adjacent 42,900 acres that he rents from HON. WM. S. BROOMFlEID OF UTAH the U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MICHIGAN Land Management. Wednesday , March 4, 1992 Since Randall requires 68.5 acres per ani­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mal, he must constantly rotate his herd to Mr. ORTON. Mr. Speaker, recently, I had Wednesday , March 4, 1992 follow the seasonal availability of forage and the opportunity to read the pamphlet, "The water. But that is the way it is. Due to the Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, this morn­ Western Rancher: A Tradition of Economic ownership patterns of the West, Randall has ing we heard some compelling testimony and Environmental Success." It is an excellent no alternative but to use the two together. If about proposed cuts in the defense budget summary of the facts and realities which un­ the fees for public lands are priced out of from Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney and fortunately have been too often ignored by too sight, Randall and many others like him will be out of business. . Gen. Colin Powell, Chairman of the Joint many in the debate over grazing fees and Like other western ranchers, Randall Chiefs of Staff. management of the public lands of the West. works from sun-up to sundown seven days a While both stressed the strategic implica­ This pamphlet stresses the economic impor­ week, hoping to make $20,000 this year, a tions of the various proposals to cut back our tance of ranching to rural communities and to typical salary for livestock producers in his military, they also brought out the human di­ Western States such as Utah as well as to the part of the country. Most ranchers run mension of throwing so many dedicated peo­ Nation. It also highlights the responsible and small, family owned operations. Despite ple, both uniformed military and civilians, out constructive role of livestock producers in im­ their size, they make a very big difference in their local economies. If the ranchers are into the cold. proving the public range for all users. "The Western Rancher: A Tradition of Eco­ forced out because of increased public lands Their testimony reminded me of many of the fees, many rural areas will crumble. impassioned speeches I've heard on this floor nomic and Environmental Success" was pro­ Take Buhl, Idaho, population 3,600. Buhl about how hard it is to find a job. duced by the Public Lands Council, the Amer­ critically depends on Randall and several ican Farm Bureau Federation, the Association Yet I suspect that not a few of those speak­ dozen other nearby ranchers like him who of National Grasslands, the American Sheep ers may be preparing to make things even buy feed, equipment, gasoline and supplies. Industry Association, and the National Cattle­ Idaho also greatly depends on the rancher worse. men's Association. All of these groups are and his beef. Last year, the state realized 13 I've just seen the results of two recent stud­ doing an excellent job in forcing the debate percent of its gross state revenues and 34 ies-one by the Congressional Budget Office, about grazing and multiple use of the public percent of its gross agriculture revenues the other by the Office of Technology Assess­ lands to focus on the facts rather than emotion from livestock production. To put these numbers in perspective, consider that Flor­ ment. as has been the case too often in the past. I Both of these studies show that if you slash ida realizes only 0.4 percent of its gross state strongly recommend this pamphlet as "must product from oranges. the military you're going to trash the economy. reading" to all of my colleagues: The economic impact of overpriced public The OT A study shows that some of the big THE WESTERN RANCHER: AN ENDANGERED lands on western ranchers is only one of the defense cuts being proposed could throw as SPECIES? issues to consider. Another element is the many as 2.5 million people out of work. Randall Brewer, from Three Cr eek, Idaho, environmental management of the lands. That would boost the national unemploy­ is a typical western livestock producer who, The public grazing system practiced by Ran­ ment figure a full two percentage points, to like other Americans, is accustomed to dall and other ranchers has broad environ­ mental goals. For instance, the carefully more than nine percent. abundant consumer choices. However, when it comes to affordable public grazing lands controlled grazing plan that Randall follows Before Congress wields the knife, we ought for his cattle, a rancher like Randall effec­ is designed to enhance the vigor and diver­ to give a whole lot more thought to whether tively has no choice. sity of the plants and grasses on his lands. we might win a budget battle only to lose an Because public and private lands are deep­ Then there are the animal&-elk, deer, ante­ economic war. ly intermingled in the West, Randall needs lope and other wildlife-that would not be in March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4471 such abundance if ranchers like Randall had this century:" testament to the thousands of tinuation of their livelihood. And, Americans not brought in the water and salt that now ranch families who tend the range. depend on the cattlemen's stewardship of the sustains them. FAMILY RANCHERS land. As further testament to Randall's and Public lands ranchers are the family farm­ In short, our public range fee system is fair other ranchers' vital contribution to western ers of the West. By far the majority of ranch­ to all concerned, but particularly the Amer­ rangelands is their role as caretakers. Sports ers who use public lands run small family op­ ican taxpayer and the western rancher. This enthusiasts and other recreationalists are erations, and most live on the edge, making partnership is working and is stimulating able to use and enjoy these same public lands less than $28,000 a year. Fixed costs are high, private investment in public rangelands to because Randall is on hand to stop vandal­ as are debt burdens. But most feel the qual­ the benefit of ranchers, the ranching indus­ ism, poaching and fires, or even to aid some­ ity of life is worth the effort. try, the consumer, wildlife and our national one in distress. More critically, the patchwork ownership environment. As can be seen, grazing fees weigh heavily Who is the western rancher? An American patterns of the West ensure that ranchers success story. in the complex equation of western ranching have no real choice between using public or life. Many environmental, economic and so­ private lands. The average homestead cial benefits are the results of Randall and doesn't contain enough private land to sus­ A TRIBUTE TO LOUISE WOODSON thousands like him who vitally depend on tain a herd of cattle year round. Therefore, fairly and predictably priced public range­ the rancher depends on a balanced mix of ad­ BROWN-51 YEARS OF BEAU­ lands. If the public lands are overpriced, jacent public and private lands to success­ TIFUL MUSICAL MINISTRY many ranchers and other vital elements of fully raise his livestock. western life will suffer. ECONOMIC BACKBONE HON. LUCIEN E. BLACKWELL THE WESTERN RANCHER Ranching is the backbone of the rural OF PENNSYLVANIA Western rangelands with their vast, unbro­ western economy. A $9.2 billion industry, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ken horizons, rolling hills, and tall prairie public lands ranching offers a critical tax grasses have been home to self-reliant men base for rural western schools, hospitals, Wednesday, March 4, 1992 and women ranchers for more than a cen­ roads, and other services. It is also crucial to Mr. BLACKWELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today tury. From the earliest pioneers, these live­ sustaining local economies-especially small to pay tribute to Mrs. Louise W. Brown, the stock producers have existed in unique har­ rural towns-where ranchers buy fuel, feed, mony with the rugged West. choir director and organist at the Allen African supplies and heavy equipment. Methodist Episcopal Church. For more than 50 But, who are they? What are their con­ Ranchers are also important to the local tributions to the environment, their indus­ and state economies in that they contribute years, Louise Brown has bestowed her most try, their states and this country? This bro­ heavily to domestic beef, lamb and wool pro­ special musical gift upon numerous congrega­ chure will clarify some points obscured or duction. Fifty percent of U.S. marketable tions in the city of Philadelphia. I would like to typically misunderstood about these western lambs and 20 percent of calves going to take a moment to reflect on some of the ac­ ranchers. feedlots come from western public lands. complishments of this truly remarkable A PATCHWORK QUILT Eighty-eight percent of the cattle produced woman. Choice rangeland was abundant and widely in Idaho, 64 percent in Wyoming and 63 per­ Louise Woodson Brown developed a solid available when the first settlers arrived in cent in Arizona depend in part on public love for music early in her life. Mrs. Brown's the West. Early settlers homesteaded the ar­ grazing lands. · mother constantly encouraged Louise to de­ able land for private farms and ranches. The THE COSTS velop her musical talents, and sacrificed in a states took the best that were left, leaving It's true that private grazing land rents are great many ways to support her daughter's the land that no one wanted to the federal typically higher than public rangeland graz­ government. Today, the western range lands musical endeavors. Louise Brown began her ing fees. However, private leases are self-suf­ piano instruction with a private tutor at the are a deeply intermingled patchwork quilt of ficient units where the owner provides the public and private lands, a mix resulting rancher fencing, water improvement and early age of 7, and was playing the organ by from the pioneer homesteaders of a century roads. the time she was 13 years old. Mrs. Brown ago. On public lands, by contrast, little is pro­ once remarked on her complete dedication to A SUCCESSFUL PARTNERSHIP vided the rancher. Instead, the livestock pro­ her musical studies by stating, "I would prac­ For nearly 100 years, western livestock ducer must bear most of these costs, includ­ tice for 3 hours every day to play perfectly." At producers have worked in a successful part­ ing larger management costs, higher death the Wayland Temple Baptist Church, the choir nership with the U.S. Government to manage loss and poorer animal performance due to director recognized the quality of her work, the public lands. At the turn of the century, the inherently wilder open range environ­ ment. In addition, ranchers leasing public and taught her how to accompany the choir on President Teddy Roosevelt was just begin­ the organ. At this point, Louise Brown knew ning the conservation movement, and west­ lands also must bear the increased costs of complying with federal red tape. she was "graced by God with a gift for music." ern ranchers were among the first to join. Mrs. Brown's first assignment was in 1941 These livestock producers initiated their A FAIR FORMULA partnership with the federal government to Public land fees, an integral part of west­ at the National Temple Baptist Church on 17th stem the tide of indiscriminate, uncontrolled ern ranching, grew out of turn-of-the-cen­ and Master Streets in Philadelphia. Through­ grazing that was destroying the western pub­ tury government regulation on public lands. out the years, Louise took her talent to numer­ lic lands. Following an earlier U.S. Forest Service ous congregations including the White Rock Today, four to five generations later, range fee formula, the government enacted Baptist Church, the Zion Baptist Church, and American ranchers are still concerned con­ the Taylor Grazing Act in 1934. This land­ the Tenth Memorial Baptist Church. servationists. In fact, ranchers have a vital mark act gave The Grazing Service (a pre­ In 1980, Louise Brown came to the Allen Af­ stake in sound environmental management; cursor to the BLM) the right to charge fees rican Methodist Episcopal Church, where the after all, it's in their economic self-interest. for all public lands, including the millions of Reverend William H. Smallwood was and re­ acr~s of "no man's land" left over from the ACCOMPLISHED CONSERVATIONISTS mains this pastor to this day. As the choir di­ Ranchers have spent years-generations homesteading days. Answering a need to update the fee system, rector and organist, Mrs. Brown is in charge of really-learning valuable environmental les­ both the Allen Church Choir, and the Allen sons to leave the rangelands in as good, or the government initiated the Public Range­ lands Improvement Act (PRIA) in 1978. This even better, condition as when they found Gospel Choir. Both choirs are well known in them. By aerating soil and scattering seeds, range fee formula is indexed to rise and fall the city of Philadelphia, and it is to the credit cattle grazing is beneficial to the environ­ with market livestock prices, production of Louise Brown that they have been able to ment. Livestock production is also crucial to costs and forage values. When these vari­ reach their highest levels. many wildlife species that now depend on ables change, the fees change with them. In Throughout her career, Louise Brown has water, salt and other feed that ranchers pro­ fact, in the last four years, fees have risen nearly 50 percent. received numerous awards and certificates for vide for their herds. Just since 1960, big game excellence. As Louise Brown receives yet an­ A LEGACY OF SUCCESS populations have increased dramatically- other much deserved honor this week, I would Western ranchers, during the past century, 782 percent for elk and 482 percent for moose, like to ask my colleagues to rise and join me to name just two species. have contributed not only to the rural west­ In fact, the Bureau of Land Management ern economies, but also to the local environ­ in paying our greatest tributes to this fine (BLM) reports in its " State of the Public ment and to the upkeep of the public lands. woman. In addition, I would like to offer our Rangelands 1990" that " public rangelands These ranchers depend on fairly and predict­ greatest congratulations to her husband are in a better condition than at any time in ably priced public lands to ensure the con- Dewitt, her 3 children, her 10 grandchildren, 4472 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 and her 4 great grandchildren. In closing, I with Mr. Jeffrey Moll, the president of Beth Is­ ample, some send medical vans directly to simply want to wish Louise Woodson Brown rael Hospital in Pastiche, NJ. Mr. Moll has high-density neighborhoods that are often continued health, happiness, and of course, great insight as to our Nation's health care low-income as well. Immunization, musical success. "God Bless Louise Brown." problems, and the role of hospitals in an effi­ screenings, physical exams, and health edu­ cation will soon be conducted on location, cient health care system. For the RECORD, I often at a work site. would like to submit an editorial by Mr. Moll THE FRIENDS OF THE COLLEGE In addition to conducting extensive edu­ which recently appeared in the Bergen County cation programs at the workplace, many OF EDUCATION AT FLORIDA Record: hospitals conduct screenings for cancer, sub­ INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY THE CHANGING HEALTH-CARE MARKET-HOS­ stance abuse, high cholesterol, and other dis­ HONOR COMMISSIONER OF EDU­ PITALS MUST LOOK BEYOND THEIR FOUR orders. CATION, BETTY CASTOR WALLS Many hospitals have begun to establish (By Jeffrey Moll) satellite offices. Off-site medical centers are HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN Traditionally, the strength of New Jersey becoming the norm rather than the excep­ tion, gaining significant popularity and OF FLORIDA hospitals has been measured in terms of the credibility with patients. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES number of inpatients compared with the number of beds. The rise in " urgent care" facilities showed Wednesday , March 4, 1992 This view has been a standard for many the industry that such programs were not Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I would hospital administrators, managers, and only possible but necessary. Convenience is board members, as well as market analysts. an important priority in today's society so like to acknowledge the Commissioner of Edu­ alternative medical care is welcome. cation of the State of Florida, Ms. Betty It is on this perception that the usual course of market growth has been based-typically, The perception of quality care no longer Castor, for her contribution to Florida's edu­ the expansion of the hospital campus itself. centers on a hospital bed. Patients who once cational system. Commissioner Castor was Interestingly enough, many analysts and used emergency rooms (sometimes inappro­ honored by the members of Florida Inter­ state officials continue to define a hospital's priately) are now using off-site facilities. national University's Friends of the College of primary assets in terms of its physical plant People have even grown accustomed to seek­ Education and presented with the Distin­ and bed capacity. However, most managers ing treatment at facilities within shopping guished Education Service Award during a have begun to realize that this standard no centers. longer applie&-that "the bed is dead" within Experiences within our own cancer unit ceremony in February. are an example of the trend for off-site care. The Friends of the College of Education, of the health-care market. Lately, the primary growth in hospital ac­ Although cancer treatment may have once which I am a member is a volunteer group tivity nationwide has been in outpatient been considered an inpatient procedure, Beth committed to advancing education in the com­ services. Israel has witnessed a major move to out­ munity. The Friend's goal is to enable the FIU Although 90 percent of a hospital's busi­ patient services. Outpatient chemotherapy College of Education to recruit and retain the ness may have been inpatients 15 years ago, has skyrocketed about 300 percent over the best local students in the field of education by that figure is declining. According to statis­ last decade, and about 90 percent of radiation raising funds for scholarships. tics ·released by the New Jersey Hospital As­ therapy is done on an outpatient basis. sociation, the length of inpatient stays has Indeed, Beth Israel's recent plans for phys­ During the ceremony, Paul H. O'Neill, chair­ ical expansion have emphasized outpatient man of the board and chief executive officer of decreased 16.5 percent since 1980, while out­ patient visits have increased 63 percent. cancer treatment and same-day surgery. Alcoa and chairman of President Bush's Edu­ In fact, gross outpatient revenue at New To remain competitive, administrators cation Policy Advisory Committee was the Jersey hospitals has increased approxi­ must reconfigure their four walls to allow keynote speaker. mately . 232 percent in 10 years, compared for new technology; they must redesign them Among the many people who honored Com­ with a 99 percent increase in inpatient reve­ to accommodate growing outpatient serv­ missioner Castor's work are the following nues. ices. members of the honorary committee: Michelle This change within the market has forced In the future, patients may not even real­ and Wayman Adkins, Betty and Alvah H. administrators to revise their health-care ize they are going to the hospital. Chapman, Margarita and Armando Godina, concepts and explore the potential for ex­ panding beyond their traditional four walls. Remedios and Fausto Diaz Oliver, Earlene Although health care is a necessary com­ A SPECIAL SALUTE TO MS. and Albert Dotson, Patricia and Philip Frost, munity service, it is also a business, and HENRIETTA DIXON Janet and Thomas McAliley, Martha and Les­ basic business practice dictates that services lie Pantin, Delia and Sam Verdeja, Grace and be tailored to meet market demand. Octavio Visiedo. In addition are the following The market is now requiring medical fa­ HON. LOUIS STOKES members of Friends of the College of Edu­ cilities to reach out to the community. No OF OHIO cation: Trudy Cejas, Barbara Bader, Ellen longer does strategic planning simply trans­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES late into physical expansion, with the intent Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Barocas, Karen Dien Bekkers, Toni Bilbao, of accommodating larger inpatient popu­ Mary Ann Buffone, Bobi Dimond, Marlin Arky lations. Those who wish to survive in the Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Feldman, Nora Garcia, Sara Halberg, Cynthia struggling New Jersey economy must re­ pay tribute to an outstanding individual who is Leesfield, Ana Margarita Maidique, Maria evaluate their strategies and adopt new poli­ very special to our community, Ms. Henrietta Millheiser, Berta Savariego, Judith Stopek, cies that meet the growing realities of the Dixon. On Saturday, March 7, 1992, friends, Marti Wakshlag, and Joanne Waldorf. health-care market. family, and students will gather in Cleveland It is my pleasure to have the opportunity to Many hospitals have already begun to re­ spond to these demands. In fact, the surge in Heights, OH, to salute Ms. Dixon for her con­ acknowledge the work of those involved in the tributions to our community over the years. I advancement of the School of Education at programs conducted off hospital grounds il­ lustrates industry efforts to adjust to the am pleased to participate in this tribute to Florida International University, as well as the market. For instance, although house calls someone who is very special and has been a promotion of further education. In addition, I are a thing of the past for lots of doctors, positive. role model in my life. wish to acknowledge FIU President Mitch many New Jersey hospitals have resusci­ Henrietta Dixon came to Cleveland with her Maidique for his commitment and dedication to tated similar services to accommodate father at an early age. Her father, W.C. Dixon, excellence in education. changing needs. was a well-known music instructor in Cleve­ Home health care in this state has under­ gone overwhelming growth, with nurses, di­ land. Ms. Dixon followed in. her father's musi­ THE CHANGING HEALTH CARE eticians, and other practitioners visiting pa­ cal footsteps when she organized a group of MARKET tients. young men from the Cleveland community to Beth Israel alone had a 30 percent increase play rhythm instruments. The group became HON. ROBERT E. ANDREWS in such visits in 1990 compared with 1989, known as the Mozart Band. The band was which was already up 20 percent from the quite popular, appearing in concert at various OF NEW JERSEY year before. In the first eight months of this churches and community events. The Mozart IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES year, the hospital has been responsible for Band also enjoyed an exciting radio career Wednesday, March 4, 1992 80,000 visits to patients' home&-a 35 percent increase over last year. during its existence. Mr. ANDREWS of New Jersey. Mr. Speak­ Many hospitals are also starting to develop I am proud to report that during our youth, er, recently I had the good fortune of meeting other forms of community programs. For ex- both my brother, Judge Carl B. Stokes, and I ,, • , .., ,.... _._ • .. "' -.~,. _ , . , .. • • r ~ . .., ' . -~ r ~ , ..,_ .. · · . .

March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4473 were members of the Mozart Band. When we TRIBUTE TO KARL ULLMAN dained and the year he became the director were young men growing up in Cleveland, Ms. of campus ministry at Ball State University Dixon was our music teacher. I played the in Muncie, Ind. He joined the ministers and HON. HOW ARD L BERMAN missionaries staff in 1963. trumpet, while my brother, Carl, was a stude~t OF CALIFORNIA He received a master's degree in higher of the piano. I recall Ms. Dixon as a music education from the University of Michigan teacher who had high expectations for her stu­ HON. ANTIIONY C. BEILENSON in 1961. He was a Carnegie Fellow in 1962. dents. She was a disciplinarian who de­ OF CALIFORNIA He is survived by his wife, Anna Lou, and manded excellence, but she gave freely of her IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a sister, Rachel Anne Anderson, of Arling­ ton, Tex. time, energy, and talent to help us reach our Wednesday, March 4, 1992 goals. To say that Hugh Pickett touched .all of our Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, we rise today to Mr. Speaker, Ms. Dixon tau~ht her stud~nts lives very deeply is to state the obvious-but pay tribute to a good friend and outst~ndi~g to appreciate all forms of musical expression. it is also to vastly understate the matter. You leader, Mr. Karl Ullman, who is celebrating his More importantly, she encouraged us to set didn't just become a friend of Hugh's-you be­ retirement after 40 years of service to local our sights high and overcome obstacles. Be­ came part of his family. Indeed he had the 495 of the Joint Council of Teamsters. largest extended family of anyone I know. And cause of her efforts, she can boast among her Karl has served local 495 in a variety of ca­ students many who have gone on to achieve he was extremely protective, loyal, and proud pacities during his distinguished career, includ­ as teachers, doctors, lawyers, judges, and in of each and every one of us-from his peers ing as president from 1965 to 1970 and as various other professions over the years. to the youngest of the group. secretary-treasurer for the last 12 years. He He was proudest, of course, of Anna Lou. Henrietta Dixon has always been willing to has also been a member of the Joint Council Together they forged a magnific~n~ marriage; share her talents with the community, while of Teamsters Executive Board since 1978. His asking little in return. Not only did she teach two strong, independent, self-suff1c1ent people leadership and commitment to the welfare of who did not need the other to make them­ music free of charge, but she taught black his­ the Teamsters have earned him the respect tory at various schools in t~e Clev~land area. selves whole. Maintaining their full and affection of all his membership. individualities, they became a dynamic loving She has a special gift for using music to reach During Karl's tenure as secretary-treasurer, team in the many areas in which their inter­ out to our youth. . he was appointed trustee to both the Western ests and activities coincided. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to ~alut~ Henriett~ Conference of Teamsters Pension Plan and Dixon. She is a shape note historian, practi­ Hugh had a special capacity to relate to the Teamsters Miscellaneous Security Trust young people, and whether it _was Alex, tioner, and teacher. She is also an outstanding Fund. His untiring efforts in promoting the individual and remarkable woman whom I will Pekoe and Steven who spent their summers causes of the Teamsters led to his appoint­ or Weiss-Hoover boys who traditionally always admire and respect. I a~k my col­ th~ ment as the assistant automotive division di­ visited for years on the weekend before Labor leagues to join me in a very special salute to rector for the Western Conference and he was my greatest teacher, Ms. Henrietta Dixon. Day, Shelter Island became the place where eventually selected as full director of the Auto­ children could also be treated as adults-at motive Trades Division. least by Hugh. As Katrina and T~tiana w~re Karl is also recognized as an involved, per­ officially inducted into the family in wedding IN HONOR OF LITHUANIAN PEO­ sistent and effective negotiator in protecting ceremonies conducted by Hugh, and then PLE ON SECOND ANNIVERSARY the rights of working people. Always ready ~o Paula and our grandchildren each came go the extra mile, Karl is well-known for his OF INDEPENDENCE along, they too shared in the magic.. . successful negotiating of contracts for dec­ The discussions Hugh engaged 1n with the ades. HON. WIWAM 0. LIPINSKI kids or with the adults for that matter, were There are few people so dedicated as Karl. quit~ often calculated to make you climb the OF ILLINOIS It gives us great pleasure to ask our col­ walls. Is it any secret to any of us that Hugh IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leagues to join us in wishing Karl Ullman a had some strongly held opinions. To set off a happy, healthy, and productive retirement. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 discussion, or an argument, he was capabl~ of adopting the most outlandish point of view; Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay trib­ HUGH D. PICKETT and because he was so mischievous you ute to the people of Lithuania as _they ~ele­ could never be certain whether he was putting brate the second anniversary of their regained you on the whole time. independence. HON. TED~ He loved people and the company of peo­ As many of us are aware, the Lithuanian OF NEW YORK ple. He loved to entertain and he was a great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community around the world just finished cele­ cook. He performed everything-be it ~ wed­ brating Lithuania's 74th anniv.ersa~. On. Feb­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 ding ceremony for our children or a Christmas ruary 16, I joined the many ~1~huanians 1.n my Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, it was my privi­ supper for friends-with the elegance and district in observing this ausp1c1ous occasion. style he brought to everything. . . However, I think it is fitting and proper to lege today to participate at the memorial serv­ ice at the Judson Memorial Church for my Hugh loved the little conspiracies that poli­ add March 11, 1990, as a new independence friend, Hugh D. Pickett, who died on Saturday. tics offer up sporadically. day to be recognized. It was on that day that I am pleased to share with my colleagues I was pleased and grateful that he served the Supreme Council of Lith~ania ~ulfilled the the obituary which appeared in the New York as the treasurer of my campaign committee democratic mandate of the Lithuanian people Times as well as my remembrances of this for the past 20 years. A truly thankless job and restored Lithuania as a sovereign state. wonderful human being. even if my treasury was never of overly bur­ March 11, 1990, represents the final vic!ory densome dimensions. Still there were records HUGH D. PICKETT-BAPI'IST MINISTER, 60 over 51 years of Soviet Communist domina­ to be kept and reports to be filed according to tion. During that time the Lithuanian people The Rev. Hugh D. Pickett who oversaw pension plans and other employee benefits a predetermined schedule promulgated by the struggled against a systematic attempt to for 10,000 Baptist ministers, missionaries and Federal Election Commission. For the most crush their spirit and halt the independence lay workers around the world, died on Satur­ part Hugh met the deadlines; but there were movement. It is a testament to the will of the day in Tampa, Fla., where he was attending occasional lapses. Lithuanian people that they did not falter in the a church meeting. He was 60 years old and Here is how Grains Business Weekly re­ face of a larger and more powerful enemy. lived in Manhattan. ported one such lapse last year: "Earlier this I ask my colleagues to join me in honoring He died of a heart attack, church officials year, the treasurer of Representative TED the individuals who fought and died for the said. . WEISS' 1990 election campaign wrote the Fed­ Mr. Pickett, who was associate executive eral Election Commission to explain why his freedom of Lithuania, and to commemorate director for benefit plans for the Ministers March 11, 1992, as the second anniversary of and Missionaries Board of the American Bap­ staff had failed to meet a deadline for filing a the newly formed Democratic Governm~nt. I tist Churches, graduated with honors from report on campaign contributors. The treasurer urge all citizens to recog.nize this da¥ of inde­ Denison University in 1953 and from the Yale said he had been in eastern Turkey at the pendence for the Lithuanian community. Divinity School in 1956, the year he was or- time, the person in charge of checking the 4474 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 mail had just had a baby and well, 'we did not the death penalty to be imposed on people as She will be la monk, "because they needed have a campaign organization or operate in a young as 16; whether it permits 15-year-olds tall people," Ia nun and an Indian servant in normal campaign fashion'." I hasten to add to be executed remains to be seen. the New World. This year, in a 5-4 decision, the court de­ "That's something," she said. "From a nun that the FEC found that a perfectly acceptable cided there can be no cruel and unusual pun­ to an Indian maid with feathers." explanation; especially since it was the off ishment in a prison unless a prisoner can Her final role is in the opera's epilogue, in season, no elections were pending and there prove that prison officials in some sense in­ which she is a vision of the departed Queen was little to report in any event. Hugh knew tended it. Absent "deliberate indifference" Isabella, wearing an elegant gown. how to keep the important things in life in per­ on the officials' part, the prisoner has no re­ "I welcome the chance for this experi­ spective. course. ence," said Jennifer, who plans to major in Hugh was a wonderful human being de­ The Bush administration itself warned theater in college. "It helps me to see if this against insulating "seriously inhumane" voted to truth, justice, and peace. We loved is what I really want." prison conditions from constitutional chal­ Bobby, who appeared in high school pro­ him when he was with us and we love him still lenge merely because those in charge have ductions many years ago, says he has been even as we know that we will miss him ter­ tried (unsuccessfully) to make things better. something of a ham over the years. ribly. That's not our problem, said the court. "Maybe this will rub off on Jennifer in a positive fashion," he said. The family, which moved to the Pinecrest COURT GETS MORE CRUEL AND A TRIBUTE TO THE ELLIS FAMILY area 41/2 years ago, had thought about audi­ UNUSUAL tioning for an opera when they lived in Pasa­ HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN dena, Calif., but never did. OF FLORIDA Judy has some stage experience, having HON. DON EDWARDS produced and narrated fashion shows in OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Pasadena. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, March 4, 1992 All three are happy to be in the produc­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, it is my tion. Even the three weeks of almost nightly pleasure to have the opportunity to acknowl­ rehearsals hasn't dimmed their enthusiasm. Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Speaker, "Everybody had been really friendly," our judicial system is based on the premise edge the members of the Ellis family for hav­ Judy said. "It's like a big family." that those accused of a crime are innocent ing taken part in the Greater Miami Opera's In fact, this is the largest number of super­ until proven guilty. The Supreme Court, by rul­ "Cristofaro Colombo." Bobby and Judy Ellis numeraries in the history of Greater Miami ing that judges can deny bail to "putative of­ and their daughter Jennifer took part as extras Opera productions, said the extra's captain, fenders" on grounds of "dangerousness," ap­ in the production. In a Miami Herald article en­ Chris Warren of Perrine. titled "A Shared Spotlight," Bea Moss reports: Supers are paid a nominal fee for expenses. pears to give those judges the power to over­ Warren, also a super and a backup, is play­ ride that premise. In addition, we see the The Ellis family is used to doing things on the spur of the moment. ing the silent role of King Ferdinand. Court eroding the standard of cruel and un­ After all, Bobby Ellis and his son Geoffrey "As a super, you feel part of the total usual punishment. These constitutional rights, hopped on a plane to Germany in the fall of opera," Warren said. "If the opera is success­ guaranteed by the eighth amendment, are 1989 to see the dismantling of the Berlin Wall ful and if you were only on the stage for 30 slowly being eviscerated, as indicated by the and to chip off a few pieces. seconds, you feel like you contributed to its sixth editorial in the Atlanta Constitution series When Judy Ellis saw a notice in Neighbors success." a few weeks ago about the Greater Miami When the idea of that success and curtain honoring the 200th anniversary of the Bill of calls were mentioned, Bobby Ellis didn't Rights. Opera looking for extras for an upcoming opera, she said what the heck. hesitate. Article Vill: Excessive bail shall not be re­ " We figured we had nothing to lose by "When the cheers start at the end of the quired, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel going," she said. "If we didn't get the parts, opera," he said, "we'll pretend they're and unusual punishments inflicted. we'd just go out to lunch." yelling for us.'' COURT GETS MORE CRUEL AND UNUSUAL Actually, Judy and her husband, Bobby, Mr. Speaker I am pleased to acknowledge The following is the sixth in a series of edi­ went to the audition just to give support to the work of the Ellis family in the Greater torials leading to the 200th anniversary Dec. their daughter Jennifer, an aspiring actress. Geoffrey, 20, a student of graphic design at Miami Opera. In addition, I wish to recognize 15 of the ratification of the Bill of Rights. the work of Jennifer Ellis, who was also cast Basic fairness in punishment is guaranteed the North Campus of Miami-Dade Commu­ by the Eighth Amendment, which prohibits nity College, passed on the experience. in the opera's next production. Through this the government from imposing excessive bail 'THEY NEEDED MORE EXTRAS' opportunity, Jennifer has decided to pursue and fines and inflicting "cruel and unusual "It turned out they needed more extras," her interest in the arts and a career in acting. punishments.'' said Jennifer, a senior at Palmetto High Bail ensures that people accused of a crime School where she is president of Palmetto will show up for trial. It is grounded in the Players and vice president of the Thespian THE FEDS AND THE ARTS: WHERE ancient English principle that such people Honor Society. IT WENT WRONG must not be routinely incarcerated. That is why there will be three Ellises on Four years ago, the U.S. Supreme Court stage in the opera's production of Cristoforo kicked the pins out from under that prin­ Columbo, opening Monday at Dade County HON. CUFF STEARNS ciple by upholding the constitutionality of a Auditorium. OF FLORIDA federal law permitting preventive detention. More than 100 people of all ages were cho­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Under the court's ruling, judges can deny sen to be supernumeraries-extras with non­ bail to "putative offenders" on grounds of speaking roles-in the opera, written by Wednesday, March 4, 1992 ''dangerousness.'' Alberto Franchetti and Luigi Illica and first Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to In effect, the judges are asked to predict performed in Genoa, Italy, in 1892. This will refer to my colleagues the following article that the likelihood of future criminal conduct. So be the first time the revised opera has been appeared in the February 25, 1992 edition of performed in the United States in 80 years. much for blind justice and the presumption the Washington Post. This article is by Leon­ of innocence. Bobby Ellis, manager of reservation sales A century-long series of Supreme Court for Delta Air Lines, was chosen to be a dig­ ard Garment who was a White House coun­ rulings declares that punishments are to be nitary in the court of inquisition for the pro­ selor to President Richard Nixon, and gives judged unconstitutionally cruel and unusual duction. the interesting history of the National Endow­ according to an .evolving standard of public "I was fortunate to get the part because I ment for the Arts. opinion. The current court appears to be fall­ appear three different times," said the tall, Mr. Garment is a supporter of Federal fund­ ing significantly behind a more enlightened slim super, who will wear a flowing black ing for the arts, however, in his article he seri­ American citizenry. velvet rope and a jacket with a fur collar. Judy was chosen to be a nun. Dressed in an ously questions the need of Federal funding In 1989, for example, the court ruled that it given the disdain and contempt the artistic is all right to execute a mentally retarded elaborate habit, she will stand and kneel a person-two years after this was forbidden lot, she said. community has shown the taxpayers. by the state of Georgia, as pro-death penalty FOUR SCENES Garment says: "If the Endowment is to sur­ a jurisdiction as exists in the country. In Jennifer, almost five feet nine inches tall, vive, we will have to start making legislative other dubious cases, the court has allowed was lucky. She will appear in four scenes. distinctions between the preservation and dis- March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4475 semination of time-tested art treasures-from own. She was a huge success, and the Endow­ ment was by now beset on the left by mili­ Michelangelo and Mozart to Bechet and Elling­ ment's annual budget grew exponentially, tant feminism, homosexuality, AIDS advo­ ton-which can and should be given public from S8 million to $140 million, until she fin­ cacy, political rage, and undifferentiated support, and contemporary art still in the aes­ ished her second term in 1976. Meanwhile, provocation for the sheer hell of it. The vis­ Straight, a novelist and serious art collector, ual arts, in particular, had gone off the rails, thetic laboratory, which will have to be sup­ became deputy chairman of the Endowment. with post-modern Dada-style absurdity set­ ported by private foundations and patrons. If He served as quality control officer and wor­ ting up one easy target after another. On the private aesthetic tastes runs to fecal symbol­ ried about the damage this idea of art-as-pol­ right, the same Endowment was under at­ ism, public urination and the politics of con­ itics might ultimately do to the artistic tack from conservative-movement politics, . tempt, so be it, but not with public funds. And quality the Endowment was supposed to pro­ fundamentalist fury and Sen. Jesse Helms. if some arts leaders continue too show disdain mote. Looming over the resulting clashes was a for the hard, disciplined, compromise-filled Sometimes we had to deal with controver­ media machine avid for the sort of titillating work of sustaining a political consensus for the sies created by the burgeoning federal arts material that usually lay at the heart of establishment-though by contrast with to­ these disputes. arts, and continue to act as if shouting "First day's blowups, ours were chaste and tame. Consensual arrangements and quiet Amendment!" at every opponent were a per­ There was, if you can now imagine it, a fictions that had once enabled political and suasive or powerful argument, the Federal arts three-week congressional dust-up over the artistic adversaries to maintain a troubled experiment will face and fall." use of the word "bullshit" in a federally truce started to collapse, revealing the para­ Mr. Speaker, with our Federal budget deficit funded Living Stage improvisation for dox at the heart of federal support for the expected to reach approximately $348 billion school-children in Baltimore. Then the arts: the idea that the whole country should this year, we can only afford what is abso­ American Film Institute, a federally funded pay for highly particular and private tastes. lutely necessary, not just desirable. organization housed in the Kennedy Center, In 1989, early in President Bush's adminis­ Given our deficit and the many critical Fed­ scheduled a feature called "Milhous," a foul tration, John Frohnmayer invited me to and second-rate trashing of the incumbent lunch to talk about his new job. The con­ eral programs being underfunded, I ask my president. At Michael Straight's urging, I let troversy over the Endowment's support of colleagues to read Mr. Garment's article and the thing pass without comment, praying the Mapplethorpe photographs, a headache ask themselves if the $178 million we appro­ Nixon would not notice it. Frohnmayer had inherited, was already in priate to the NEA is absolutely necessary, or But on another occasion the Institute pro­ the news. I found myself suggesting to just desirable? posed to run "State of Siege," a Costa Frohnmayer some survival rules that would [From the Washington Post, Feb. 25, 1992] Gavras film about the killing of a hostage by never have occurred to me in the old days: 1) leftist terrorists. It seemed to me crazy or The Endowment's enemies would try strenu­ THE FEDS AND THE ARTS: WHERE IT WENT worse, in those days of active terrorism, to ously to have Frohnmayer's performance WRONG run a film extolling terrorist murder in a judged by the nature of his mistakes. 2) In (By Leonard Garment) federally funded facility. I calmly told my his battle against these enemies, the artists The President's fear of Pat Buchanan's friend George Stevens, the Institute's direc­ would not be loyal allies. In fact, they too sharp tongue may have been the final straw, tor, that I intended to withdraw-noisily­ would be his adversaries and had to be treat­ but it was inevitable that John Frohnmayer the president's name as sponsor of the bene­ ed as such. 3) His real constituency was not would sooner or later have to resign as chair­ fit premier at which the film was to be the artists but the president, Congress and man of the National Endowment for the shown. Stevens just as calmly canceled the the public. He could benefit the arts only by Arts. He has been forced out not because he film. He had decided, he announced, that succeeding, and success would be impossible is an egregiously inept man-but because he running a film at the Kennedy Center pass­ if he thought of himself as an advocate for served during years when this country fi­ ing assassins was not appropriate. The artis­ artists. nally had to face up to the immense dif­ tic heavens did not fall. He was politely appreciative, but went his ficulty of funding private art with public We had scores of small conflagrations that own way, from one head-banging to another money in a populist culture. Those of us in­ were contained or smothered by Nancy and at the hands of artists and moralists. A few volved in federal arts policy over the years Michael's eternal vigilance. The political controversial grants-a virulently political worked hard to keep this tension submerged. right was kept at bay, and arts community pro-AIDS work featuring public figures like It is something of a miracle that we suc­ leaders stayed silent at minor intrusions. Cardinal O'Connor, Andres Serrano's "Piss ceeded as long as we did. They expressed an unarticulated consensus: Christ" with its crucifix in urine, theater in­ The federal government started funding Spare the words and save the child. volving symbolic excrement spread over the federal arts programs as early as the 1930s, I left Washington after Watergate. Under performer's body, and the like-came to but it was the Kennedy administration that President Carter, I saw the Endowment be­ symbolize the descent into artistic and pushed the idea of a broader federal arts pol­ come politicized, absorbing lock, stock and moral disorder of the once-disciplined federal icy and established a Federal Advisory Coun­ cyanide the contaminating idea of a "popu­ effort to support aesthetic "excellence." The cil on the Arts to pursue such a policy. In list" art culture. Historically validated ar­ arts community's heated defense of these 1965 President Lyndon Johnson finished what tistic excellence increasingly had to elbow grants infuriate not only the Endowment's his predecessor had started by creating the its way through crowds of mediocrity. And conservative opponents but a large number national arts endowment that we know what had once been arts sideshows-experi­ of previously neutral bystanders. The con­ today. Its funding, at the beginning, was in­ mental and provocative forms, political arts, troversy paralyzed congressional proceedings significant. new and exotic grants categories to cater to to reauthorize the Endowment in 1990, and When the Nixon administration took office an alienated part of the arts world-gradu­ Sen. Helms introduced a proposal to codify in 1969, I became the White House aide in ally edged into the main arena, pushed there standards of decency for Endowment grants. charge of arts. I was visited by visions of a by the changing political culture and at­ Artists replied that their First Amendment vastly expanded Endowment, and President tracting foreseeable trouble from critics on rights were being trampled. Nixon was agreeable to the idea. Under at­ the right. Out of the noise came-what else?-a con­ tack from liberals over Vietnam, he saw ben­ I now think, though, that the seeds of de­ gressionally created bipartisan commission. efits in making some conciliatory gestures struction were sown at the beginning, as Along with John Brademas, president of New toward them. As a student of history, he Nancy Hanks, in her passion for growth, en­ York University and, in his past life as a knew something of the connnection between larged the arts constituency by doing what congressman, an original drafter of the 1965 great cultures and powerful political re­ politicians do best: doling out money with Endowment legislation, I was named co­ gimes. And he was, hard as it may be for his less and less discrimination in order to get chairman. The 10 other commissioners were enemies to imagine, a closet aethete who more and more money. But Nancy had age­ a politically heterogeneous and fiercely worshiped great artistic performers. nius for creating coalitions and rolling with opinionated group of arts aficionados. But In the spring of 1969 I turned for help in contradictions. The Carterites could not du­ we agreed, amazingly, on a unanimous re­ this project to Michael Straight, Nancy plicate her, and they lacked a Michael port. It recommended that the Endowment Hanks and Charles MacWhorter. The admin­ Straight to restrain them. They simply be reauthorized and that there be no specific istration got things started by proposing a shifted the process into high gear. content restriction-but that the Endow­ doubling of the arts budget. Nancy became In 1980 President Reagan came to town and ment's grant procedures be drastically re­ chairman of the endowment and spearheaded promptly, though unsuccessfully, tried to vised to curb conflicts of interest among the effort with Congress, explaining how zero-fund the Endowment. It survived subse­ panels of artists and to restrain the funding more money would fund more arts institu­ quent assaults partly because of the chair­ of self-destructive artistic craziness. tions and artists across the country-Le., in manship of Frank Hadsall, a graduate of Yet after the funding crisis passed, behav­ every congressman's district. She soon White House aide Jim Baker's staff and a ior at the top of the Endowment did not reached critical mass and took off on her man of great political skill. But the endow- change enough to make a difference. This 4476 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 fall Frohnmayer received a recommendation fidence for credit union members, now 62 mil­ our Nation's credit unions-such as the ad­ from the Endowment's advisory council that lion strong. ministration's recent proposal to tax credit some of the same avant-garde performance Credit unions-regardless of size or sophis­ unions-and allow these nonprofit, democrat­ artists who had conspicuously angered En- tication of services-remain steadfastly wed­ dowment critics be given funds for more ically controlled and volunteer-driven financial projects. He would not overrule it; the chair- ded to the principle of providing low-cost finan- cooperatives to enter the 21st century as they man's job-he gave me his principled expla- cial services to their members. This is the very began the 20th century: as confidence build­ nation-was to overrule his council only if a best way credit unions know how to build con­ ers. recommendation met a quasi-judicial stand- fidence. ard of clear and convincing error. The next Each year in the American Banker survey, day an Endowment staffer privately read me credit unions have distinguished themselves a string of phone messages received from by receiving the highest percentage of very staffers who were calling on behalf of the En- satisfied ratings from their members. In 1991, TRIBUTE TO DAVID AND SUE dowment's most durable supporters in Con- consumers gave credit unions a 78 percent CORNELL gress. They all said more or less the same thing: "Has he lost his mind?" very satisfied rating as opposed to 65 percent Can the president, Congress and the arts for commercial banks and 62 percent for HON. DAVE CAMP community finally cut through all this balo- thrifts. While 43 percent of those surveyed be­ ney and febrile foolishness and redeem the longed to credit unions, only 21 percent des­ OF MICHIGAN original idea of the arts endowment? I am ignated a credit union as their "principal insti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES coming to doubt it. This country, it is now tution." Banks were tapped by consumers 57 clear, simply does not have the traditions of percent and thrifts 23 percent of the time as Wednesday, March 4, 1992 deference to artistic elites and central gov- their principal institutions. ernment authority to make the job easy or Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, it is with great natural. If the Endowment is to survive, we Credit unions' dedication to service, rather will have to start making legislative distinc- than profits, is even better illustrated by the pleasure that I rise today to recognize two tions between the preservation and dissemi- fact that 29 percent of customers surveyed truly outstanding individuals in northern Michi­ nation of time-tested art treasures-from said the quality of service improved over the gan. David and Sue Cornell have been named Michelangelo and Mozart to Bechet and past year at their credit union. Only 17 percent as the Greater Kalkaska Area Chamber of Ellington-which can and should be given of bank depositors and 19 percent of thrift Commerce 1992 Citizens of the Year. public support, and contemporary art still in customers responded similarly. the aesthetic laboratory, which will have to When the results of the American Banker Their activity in the community is strong and be supported by private foundations and pa- varied. Both are members of the Spencer trons. If private aesthetic tastes run to fecal survey are augmented with the countless ex- Church of Christ. David is an Elder, and Sue amples of how credit unions interact with their symbolism, public urination and the politics teaches Sunday school. They also are in­ of contempt, so be it, but not with public members, a clear picture of these financial co­ funds. And if some arts leaders continue to · operatives comes clearly into focus. Credit volved in diabetes clinics and hospital work. show disdain for the hard, disciplined, com- unions provide financial services to their mem­ Sue has served as the treasurer for the Na­ promise-filled work of sustaining a political bers who in a great many instances may not tional Trout Festival, an event held annually consensus for the arts, and continue to act as find these services elsewhere. For example, a for over 50 years that promotes the fishing if shouting "First Amendment!" at every op- survey by the National Association of Federal ponent were a persuasive or powerful argu- and other summer sports that prevail in the ment, the federal arts experiment will fade Credit Unions [NAFCU] of their members con- Kalkaska area. With over four major trout and fall. It will be sad ending after a happy ducted last year found that the average annual streams in Kalkaska the festival attracts thou­ start, and a loss to the country, but this interest rate charged on credit cards was 14.9 sands of visitors to Northern Michigan. She is prospect is as certain as the implacable percent as opposed to the · 18 to 19 percent also involved in many other activities including anger that follows sustained insult. charged by commercial banks. It is interesting Cub Scouts. A final word: Supporters of the Endowment to note that amidst the considerable opposition idea, like me, should note that on Sunday to Federal regulation of credit card interest David is the vice-president of the Kalkaska television's "David Brinkley Show," four rates last year, there was little notice of the Area Chamber of Commerce and chairman of mainstays of the Washington establish- ment-Brinkley, Sam Donaldson, Cokie Rob- fact that Federal credit unions are the only fi- the Downtown Development Authority. He has erts and George Will-agreed, more in weari- nancial institutions chartered by the Federal been instrumental in the organization of such ness than indignation, that it was time for Government which must submit to a usury events as the National Trout Festival and the Endowment to go. ceiling, currently set at 18 percent under the Winterfest, an annual winter carnival held to terms of the Federal Credit Union Act. By pro­ celebrate the wonderful winters in Northern viding low-cost financial services, credit unions Michigan. Included in the festival is a major CREDIT UNIONS BUILD provide their members with the confidence sled dog race that is the last major race be­ CONFIDENCE they require to enter the marketplace and fi­ fore the famed lditarod. It regularly draws dog nance the types of purchases that are nec­ sled teams from as far away as the east HON. CARROil HUBBARD, JR. essary to get the American economy going coast, Minnesota, and Canada. OF KENTUCKY again-be they major purchases such as auto­ Their drug store in Downtown Kalkaska is a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mobiles or homes, or more routine acquisi­ tions. gem of the community. The service provided Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Yet, in terms of total assets among all finan­ by the Cornells is outstanding. They make Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, in the late cial institutions, credit unions comprise a very sure that the customers they serve are always 1800's, about the only way our Nation's work­ small piece of the pie-less than 5 percent satisfied. If David has to take extra time to ex­ ing people could obtain a source of credit was overall. The aggregate assets of the top 25 plain the do's and don'ts of medication a cus­ through loan sharks. However, they learned American banks is over six times the com­ tomer is receiving, or if Sue has to order that by banding together and pooling their bined size of all credit unions. But to those 62 something special for a customer, they make monetary resources they could break the grip million American consumers who belong to sure it is done. Their commitment to the com­ of loan sharks and in fact begin to build sav­ credit unions, the availability of low-cost finan­ munity is equalled by their commitment to their ings and credit for the first time. These are the cial services represents a vital niche in our fi­ store. roots of America's credit unions, which were nancial marketplace. The niche that credit Mr. Speaker, I know that you will join with first established in the United States in the unions have cultivate~and that continues to year 1909. It is remarkable, through all the blossom-is based on the fertile seeds plant­ me in honoring this fine couple on being changes and upheavals experienced by our ed almost a century ago, and is one that the named the Greater Kalkaska Area Chamber of economy and our financial institutions during Nation's credit union community strongly Commerce 1992 Citizens of the Year. Their this century, credit unions are poised to enter wants to maintain and will fight to preserve. time and commitment to the community is ex­ the 21st century in the same fashion as they I urge my colleagues in Congress to con­ emplary. Let us congratulate them on a job began the 20th century: as builders of con- tinue to defeat measures which would injure well done. March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4477 REPRESENTATIVE GERALD SOLO­ Commander Wallace, the men and women national defense, that can guarantee the pro­ MON HONORED BY VETERANS OF of your organization are the true heroes, who tection of American interests both at home FOREIGN WARS not only served their country in uniform, and abroad. but continue to do so as members of the vet­ Yes, while still protecting America's inter­ erans of Foreign Wars, a group that is always est, we can reduce our defense budget within HON. G.V. ts()NNY) MONTGOMERY in the forefront of efforts to develop and reason, as Secretary Cheney and General OF MISSISSIPPI maintain adequate veterans benefit pro­ Colin Powell have recommended. And, yes, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grams. most of those savings should be used to re­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Mr. Commander, the community work car­ duce the unconscionable deficit that is run­ ried out by your local VFW posts in home­ ning our Nation's economy. Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, there is towns all across America is legendary. But, any of that savings that is not applied no more loyal advocate for the Nation's veter­ And your promotion of pride, patriotism, to the deficit ought to go directly towards ans than our distinguished colleague from and good citizenship, as exemplified by your restoring the Department of Veterans Affairs New York, JERRY SOLOMON. Time and again, nationwide "Voice of Democracy Program" Hospital and Health Care Programs to a as a member and ultimately the ranking minor­ and these wonderful young people here to­ funding level that will guarantee our Na­ ity member of the Veterans' Affairs Commit­ night, is an inspiring and proud example to tion's obligation to provide the highest qual­ all Americans. ity medical care to any, I repeat any, sick or tee, he eloquently and fiercely defended every And Mr. Commander, the American people disabled veteran, and do it in veterans hos­ veteran's right to a decent opportunity for re­ are grateful for what you and your organiza­ pitals* * *where only veterans are served. adjustment to civilian society and made an in­ tion have done, and continue to do for Amer­ And so my fellow veterans, the fight is on! delible contribution to quality veterans' health ica. We must fight with all our might to see care and meaningful benefits programs. There This Nation has a great memory, and will that our military budget is not decimated. is a combination of concern, passion, and per­ never forget those who labored mightily in We must fight to make sure that the fu­ severance-at least some of which stems its cause, who suffered hardship in its de­ ture veterans of America, the young men and fense, or became disabled in its preservation. women serving in our all voluntary military from a Marine Corps background, I'm sure-­ No, America will not forget, nor will veter­ that has enabled JERRY to make significant today, continue to be the brightest, the best ans ever forget because those who wear the educated, the best trained, the best equipped, things happen in the development of veterans' proud label of "veteran" have great memo­ and some of the most highly motivated sol­ programs. ries. diers ever to serve. It was JERRY SOLOMON'S initiative that re­ They are memories of pain, glory, and We must make sure that these volunteers, sulted in the Veterans' Administration being honor. coming from the inner cities of America, upgraded to a Cabinet-level department. As a They are memories of the horror of war from the suburbs, from the farms, from all result, veterans can now enter through the and the preservation of freedom. across America, have an opportunity to pur­ They are memories we must never forget front door of the White House instead of the sue an honorable and proud military career. * * * because those memories are the very Where they can accumulate up to $25,000.00 back door. It gave them access to the Presi­ reason we are the greatest, freest nation on dent and a role in the deliberation of this of educational benefits thru the Montgomery earth. GI bill. country's policies. For that alone, JERRY de­ And it is those memories. that brought And where they can learn something des­ serves the veteran community's praise. about the VFW's greatest accomplishment perately needed in America today * * * how As a member of the Rules Committee, his during the 1980's. to be good citizens. advocacy has not wavered in the I.east. The And that was your never ending support of In today's military, our young people learn veterans. of New York already know it, I'm the peace through strength philosophy of a strong national defense second to none. things all to often neglected in our homes sure, and the other 25 million American veter­ That peace through strength concept and schools. ans and their families should be made aware stopped international communism dead in They learn discipline and respect. that JERRY SOLOMON is one of the best friends its tracks, it brought the Soviet Union to its They learn teamwork and responsibility. they have in the U.S. Congress. knees; and it is the very reason that democ­ They learn the importance of being polite In recognition of his outstanding service and racy is breaking out all over Europe and and courteous. They learn to live by the rule of law. advocacy, the 2.2-million-member Veterans of around the world. And it is the very reason that our military, They learn not to use illegal drugs. Foreign Wars, in an impressive ceremony They learn the meaning of the words pride here in Washington last evening, presented in magnificent fashion, and led by General Norman Schwartzkopf• . was so successful in and patriotism. JERRY with its VFW Congressional Award. Operation Desert Storm. And more often than not they even get a I would like to share with my colleagues his But, my fellow veterans, even though we little religion. acceptance remarks: have been successful, the war is not over. Yes, every year, hundreds of thousands of REMARKS BY GERALD B.H. SOLOMON The threat to American freedom is still these kids, many from the inner cities, from Commander-in-Chief, Bob Wallace, your there. Yes, the Berlin Wall has fallen and the broken homes, from middle-class America, lovely wife Dianne, distinguished officers former Soviet Union is no more, but the cold join the military, become good citizens * * * and members of the Veterans of Foreign fact is that tens of thousands of armed nu­ and they learn these terribly important prin­ Wars, National President Mary Sears and clear warheads are still aimed at American ciples they, somehow, missed at home or in your auxiliary, distinguished Members of the cities. school. House and Senate, outstanding Voice of De­ Four million Soviet troops still remain in And when their enlistment is over, when mocracy participants, ladies and gentlemen. uniform and the new Russian Confederacy is their service is done, they turn in their uni­ Four years ago, at your VFW Convention highly volatile and unstable * * * and no one forms and return home, bringing these in­ in Chicago, I was deeply honored to have knows the future, or who will control it. grained principles along with them, to be been the recipient of your VFW Commander­ There is also the very serious threat that spread about their community, and taught in-Chief's Gold Medal Award. no less than ten hostile anti-American ter­ to the younger generations to come. But this evening, I am even more proud rorist countries either have (or are on the Yes, these men and women are no longer and privileged to receive the VFW's highest verge of having) nuclear missile capability soldiers, sailors, marines, or airmen, they citation, the "Congressional Award." * * *and any one of them would not hesitate now have a new responsibility. Proud, because it allows me to join with a moment to launch a sneak terrorist attack They have now joined one of the most im­ those other select Members of the House and on Americans, both here and overseas. portant groups of people in America, a group Senate, many of them here with us this And of course we all know that deadly that is, without doubt, the most responsible evening, who have received this covetous atheistic communism still enslaves almost for making America the greatest and freest award for what they have done for their half of the world population in places like nation on earth. country and for the veterans of this great Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam and mainland , It is the group represented by all of you Nation. China. gathered here tonight, those who have But, Commander Wallace, I am even more And my fellow veterans, that means the earned the right to produce call themselves proud because this award comes from an or­ job is not done* * *the war is not over. veterans of the armed forces of the United ganization of over 2 million brave men and And that is why we must never let down States of America. women, over two thousand of them here this our guard. We must never again leave Amer­ Thanks to them, America is number one! evening, all of whom, during times of great ica undefended, as we did on December 7, Commander Wallace, on behalf of all veter­ peril of war, risked their own lives in defense 1941. ans, I gratefully accept this cherished Con­ of their country, and in defense of freedom That is why we must absolutely continue gressional Award. and democracy for all mankind. to maintain a peace-through-strength strong God bless you * * * and God bless America. 4478 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 Thank you. decide our freedoms, our limitations, and our "Sam Jerkins is a very sharp and capable rights to meet our challenges. administrator," said Eddie Pearson, Region This concept is called democracy. The VI superintendent. HEIDI PACK IS CHOSEN AS IDA­ worth of democracy to us is immeasurable. Jerkins, 58, always wanted to be a teacher. HO'S 1992 VOICE OF DEMOCRACY It is more than just a word or a form of gov­ He enjoyed being a student and decided to WINNER ernment. It is the invisible hand, the mag­ find out what the system was like from the netic force which draws from each of us our other side. very best source to others. "It is my responsibility to make school an HON. RICHARD H. STAWNGS "Give me liberty or give me death." Is it enjoyable experience-while maintaining OF IDAHO that important? Yes, and more. With it we high standard&--for both students and teach­ "If IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grow, without it we are enslaved. The very ers," said Jerkins. you enjoy doing some­ idea of democracy asserts the existence of thing, you are bound to do it right." Wednesday, March 4, 1992 certain freedoms as part of fundamental laws A native Miamian, Jerkins graduated from on which the power of the people rest. Yes, Edison High, got his bachelor's degree in Mr. STALLINGS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased education from the University of Miami in to announce that Miss Heidi Pack, from my we do assert our own freedoms and solutions. We are meeting our challenges with the help 1963 and later returned to get a master's de­ hometown of Rexburg, ID, has been chosen of this Constitution's democracy. The power gree. as the Idaho State winner of the 1992 Voice rests upon us, a united whole, an individual Jerkins initially wanted to teach high of Democracy Contest. nation under God. school but soon realized he did not have "a Miss Pack is a student at Madison High Let us take a trip now high above the feeling" for older teenagers. He took his first School and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. earth. As we point our headlights down to­ job with the Dade school system at Perrine wards a foreign country, we see that in one Elementary, where he taught sixth grade for David R. Pack. Miss Pack was chosen as 11 years. He also worked at Coral Reef and Madison's Young Woman of the Year and she city, in one building, in one room and in one chair only sit a destiny of a people. (hmm) A Devon Aire elementaries before becoming is an exceptional member of the school's de­ light and hope for a country under one per­ principal at Hoover, 9050 Hammocks Blvd., bate team. She also is a member of the Na­ son? Putting our headlights on "bright" now when the school opened in 1982. tional Honor Society. and turning the wheel a little, we now can In the early days of Hoover, the school Miss Pack's speech, "Meeting America's catch a glimpse of a nation with a light on consisted of 13 portables and Jerkins recalled Challenges," is outstanding, and she offers every common doorstep, from the rich to the he spent most of his time trying to soothe tremendous insights into our Nation's heritage poor. From gravel road to endless highways angry parents who wanted a "real" school. we all whisper it, "freedom". Hand in hand Now, almost 10 years later, he says people and its future. I am proud to submit the text of are moving to the area so their kids can at­ her speech: we take a part in meeting America's chal­ lenges. tend Hoover. MEETING AMERICA'S CHALLENGES Are we meeting America's challenges? Yes, "That shows are that we are putting out a good product," said Jerkins. "I'm very proud In the national archives of Washington, but only through our government by the peo­ ple, with the people, and for the people are of the school." D.C. there lies an old and yellowed parch­ In turn, students and teachers say they are ment signed by fifty men who mutually we doing it. Yes, America is * * * Meeting America's Challenges. proud to have Jerkins as their principal. pledged their lives, fortunes and sacred hon­ Wednesday, students and many parents ors. turned out for a surprise celebration they On Liberty Island, a 450 ton copper statue dubbed "Sam Jerkins Day." holds aloft a lighted torch. And in Independ­ SAM JERKINS, HONORED ence Hall, Pennsylvania there hangs a PRINCIPAL cracked bell. Thousands flock to these sights daily. BIOGRAPHY OF BLACK HAWK What makes these memorials so important? HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN What makes people stand as the flag is car­ OF FLORIDA HON. ENI F.H. FALEO MA VAEGA ried by? They are a symbol. A symbol of a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF AMERICAN SAMOA glorious country in which a brilliant idea of Wednesday, March 4, 1992 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES equality was formed and constructed into a document called The Constitution. In such a Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I am Wednesday, March 4, 1992 time as now it is good to hear again great pleased to recognize Sam Jerkins, who has Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, forces of the past and to read the historic been honored by the Dade County, Public through Public Law 102-188 (S.J. Res. 217, proclamations that through the centuries School System as being one of its best admin­ H.J. Res. 342), Congress and the President have established the frontier of America and istrators. He was one of seven candidates designated 1992 as the Year of the American reflect the meaning of our freedom as a na­ chosen to compete for an award. Indian. This law pays tribute to the people who tion. Mr. Jerkins, described as a friendly, but What is this Constitution that I speak of? first inhabited the land now known as the con­ *It is a government document allowing sharp and capable administrator, has been tinental United States. Although only symbolic, rule by the people, and for the people. principal of the . Oliver Hoover Elementary this gesture is important because it shows *It is an idea that was worth enough to our School since it opened 10 years ago. In Janu­ there is sympathy in the eyes of a majority of forefathers that they gave all they had, even ary, students and parents honored him with a both Houses of the Congress for those Indian their very lives to establish, and, . surprise celebration they dubbed "Sam Jerkins issues which we as a Congress have been It is a brilliant document, meeting Ameri­ Day." He was recently featured in the Miami struggling with for over 200 years. In support ca's challenges. Herald for his extraordinary dedication and of the Year of the American Indian, and as The United States of America guarantees commitment to education. The article "Hoover us freedom. Protecting individual affairs part of my on-going series this year, I am pro­ with the promise of life, liberty and the pur­ Principal Is Man on Move" by Roxana Soto re­ viding for the consideration of my colleagues suits of happiness our government stands veals why he is so admired and loved by stu­ a short biography of Black Hawk, a Sauk chief strong. With clenched fists and open minds dents and colleagues. The article follows: who is known for his efforts in defending the our Constitution stands as the foundation Sam Jerkins rarely sits behind the desk in rights to the traditional tribal lands of the Sauk and support for our liberties. his office. The Oliver Hoover Elementary and Fox Indian tribes. This biography was How does The Constitution meet America's School principal is constantly in motion, taken from a U.S. Department of the Interior challenges . . . walking around the school, visiting class­ publication entitled "Famous Indians, A Collec­ It is through this tool that the people rule rooms and listening to students and teach­ the government. It is we who know the chal­ ers. tion of Short Biographies." lenges we face and through this glorious "He is very nice and friendly," said Joshua BLACK HAWK (SAUK) standard, we are allowed to use that knowl­ Fiedler, 11, a fifth-grader. "He is not like In 1804, members of the closely related edge to guide America to meet them. We are some other principals who stay in their of­ Sauk and Fox Indian tribes were persuaded masters of our own situations. Only in Amer­ fice all day." to surrender to the U.S. Government all ican can I choose my own religious sect, am At Hoover, Jerkins is the only principal their homelands east of the Mississippi allowed freedom of speech, and am guaran­ the 10-year-old school has ever had. He's a River. A provision of the treaty specified teed an education and support in my pur­ popular figure, which is just one reason he is that the two tribes would remain undis­ suits. Whether it be as representative or as a the Region VI nominee for the 1991-92 Prin­ turbed until white settlement extended to direct, we hold the power within our grasp to cipal of the Year award. their lands. March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4479 For centuries, Sauks and Foxes had hunted But, soon thereafter, the old warrior was JOHN P. PEARL: A TRUE and fished in the rich prairie valleys of what crushed when President Jackson ordered ENTREPRENEUR are now Illinois and Wisconsin. Most tribes­ that Keokuk be made principal chief of the men knew nothing about the 1804 treaty Sauk Nation, which would from then on have until, in the 1820's, streams of white settlers only one band instead of two. In 1838, at the HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL pushed into their territory. The immigrants age of 71, Black Hawk died in his lodge on OF ILLINOIS appropriated the Indians' cornfields, plowed the Des Moines River, on the reservation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES among their graves, and began to press for ruled by Keokuk. their complete removal. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Indian ranks split into two factions. One In accordance with his request, Black Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to was headed by the Sauks' head man, Keo­ Hawk's body was seated on the ground under bring to the attention of our colleagues the kuk, who had bowed to the inevitable, cul­ a wooden shelter, in old Sauk tradition. He 1992 Observer Enterprise award recipient, tivated American friendship, and led his fol­ was dressed in the military uniform given John P. Pearl, for his superior business skills lowers to new lands in Iowa. him by Jackson and decorated with medals and community involvement. His rival, Black Hawk, a Sauk of the Thun­ from John Quincy Adams, the President, and Forty years ago John P. Pearl Associates der clan, bitterly opposed the Americans. the city of Boston. Between his knees was a & From boyhood, when his hero had been the cane, the gift of statesman Henry Clay. started with two employees. Now the company legendary Pontiac, Black Hawk had hated has over 300 employees, making it the largest white men. His fame as a warrior began at employer in Peoria Heights, IL. 15, when he killed and scalped his first man. John P. Pearl and his many accomplish­ Black Hawk went on to fight, first, enemy CONGRATULATIONS TO THE RES­ ments have highly benefited Peoria and there­ Indian tribes, then Americans, throughout fore have made Peorians proud. the War of 1812. URRECTION BAPTIST CHURCH-75 Above all else, Black Hawk furiously re­ YEARS OF SERVING THE COMMU­ At this time I wish to insert into the RECORD sented the 1804 treaty which had taken away NITY an article by Debbie Hanson further detailing Sauk and Fox lands. He repeatedly de­ Mr. Pearl's accomplishments: nounced it, maintaining that it was invalid JOHN P. PEARL RECEIVES OBSERVER HONOR since Indian signers had been made drunk HON. LUCIEN E. BLACKWELL (By Debbie Hanson) and were deceived into agreeing to its terms. About 40 years ago, John P. Pearl started "My reason teaches me that land cannot OF PENNSYLVANIA Pearl & Associates in an office in the Jeffer­ be sold," Black Hawk was to write in his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES son Bank building with two employees. autobiography many years later. "The Great The organization now employs more than Spirit gave it to his children to live upon. So Wednesday, March 4, 1992 300 Peorians, which makes Pearl the largest long as they occupy and cultivate it they employer in Peoria Heights. have a right to the soil. Nothing can be sold For his superior business skills and com­ but such things as can be carried away." Mr. BLACKWELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to congratulate the dedicated congregation of munity involvement, the Observer an­ Despite Keokuk's efforts to persuade them, nounces Pearl as the 1992 Enterprise winner. Black Hawk and his followers refused to the Resurrection Baptist Church. After three In discussing the candidates for .the award, leave their Illinois villages. By 1831, as the quarters of a century of relocation, reorganiza­ the judges took into consideration entre­ Indians found themselves unable to farm tion, and constant growth, the Resurrection preneurial spirit, community activities and their own lands, Black Hawk ordered whites Baptist Church is now celebrating its 75th an­ community development. to get out or be killed. Soldiers and Illinois niversary, and remains stronger than ever. This year's judges were Mary Alice militia moved in and evicted the Indians. Erickson, president of Elections & Cam­ As Pontiac and Tecumseh had done before Organized in 1917 by the late Reverend paigns; Roger Luman, director, Bradley Uni­ him, Black Hawk visualized an Indian con­ George Cable at 1000 West Poplar Street in versity business technology incubator, inter­ federacy strong enough to withstand the Philadelphia, the Resurrection Baptist Church national trade center and small business de­ whites. He set out to enlist the support of velopment center; and Eric Turner, super­ the Winnebagos, Potawatomies, foxes and has undergone numerous changes in both visor, Caterpillar marketing, North Amer­ other tribes, while, at the same time, seek­ personnel and location. Despite the fact that ican Commercial Division. ing to undermine Keokuk, his rival. the church was forced to move at times due The criteria also included visionary risk­ In April 1832, Black Hawk with several to city redevelopment, the church grew both taking and superior business abilities. Pearl hundred warriors returned to Illinois pre­ spiritually and financially over the years at a was selected because he has worked to en­ pared to drive out the whites and retake rapid rate, and in 1959, the Resurrection Bap­ hance the business climate in Central Illi­ tribal lands, and the fighting known as nois through providing jobs in Peoria and "Black Hawk's War" began. Only the Foxes tist Church became an officially chartered has set a positive and lasting example of had joined Sauks in Black Hawk's confed­ church at its present location of 5401 prosperity in Peoria. eracy, but it was a dangerous enough threat Lansdowne Avenue. "When I think of community involvement, to force the American Government to put I think there is more to it than sitting on a troops into the field. For 3 months the Indi­ Instrumental in the continued growth of the board of directors. I think of doing some­ ans managed to elude the Army, winning church was the Reverend John J. Jenkins, a thing that will permanently benefit the com­ several skirmishes and terrorizing the Illi­ man of great vision and leadership. From munity," Turner said. nois frontier. 1934 until his passing in 1966, Reverend Jen­ Perhaps his biggest admirers are his chil­ The tide turned as more soldiers poured in, kins oversaw the great accomplishments of dren, but many of his employees and commu­ pursuing the Indians across Illinois to the Resurrection Baptist. Continuing in his foot­ nity admirers joined in nominating him. Mississippi. There, trapped between the Pearl, 65, was cited for his "many years of steamship "Warrior" on one side and the steps was the Reverend Claudius L. Amaker, hard work, determination and not taking no Army on the other, Black Hawk's band was who assumed the spiritual leadership of the for an answer." He was also cited for build­ nearly destroyed. The Sauk leader himself church in 1967, until last year. I am certain ing his business into a national insurance escaped to a Winnebago village, surrendered, that the Resurrection Baptist Church will find underwriting association that put Peoria on and was taken in chains to a prison camp. itself a true and dedicated leader to carry on the map within the national insurance com­ Several months later he was released and the good works of this fine sanctuary. munity. sent on a trip to the East which included a His company has expanded to include seven visit to President Jackson. The members of the Resurrection Baptist branch offices throughout the country and "We did not expect to conquer the whites," Church are truly a special group of people, boasts an office in London, England. the Sauk warrior told the President. "I took who have worked hard to make both their "I think that's probably my biggest ac­ up the hatchet to revenge injuries which my complishment-creating a two-person busi­ people could no longer endure. Had I borne church and their community a better place. ness and bringing it to what it is today. I've them without striking, my people would It is my sincere hope that the Resurrection watched it grow over 40 years and that have said-'Black Hawk is a woman; he is Baptist Church enjoys continued endurance makes me proud," Pearl said. too old to be a chief; he is no Sauk.' " and success throughout the years. I ask my Born in Philadelphia and reared in River­ Black Hawk was received as a hero in sev­ side, a suburb of Chicago, Pearl said he eral eastern cities, and returned with gifts colleagues to rise and join me in offering our didn't expect to stay in Peoria when he came from American officials. Again in 1837 he heartiest congratulations to the Resurrection in the early 1940's to attend Bradley Univer­ traveled to the East, this time with Keokuk. Baptist Church on their 75th anniversary. sity. But after graduating with a bachelor's 4480 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 degree in business administration, a job offer "The world is most definitely changing," to obtain the release of another American kept him in the area. he said pointing to a model of an airplane. woman whom Iraqi secret police at first were Shortly after a career move into insurance, "That was what our corporate plane that we determined to detain. Pearl saw room for improvement and growth used to fly on all of the time looked like. But The ingratitude seems to have continued in the Peoria business area. today a fax machine and a Watts line do tre­ "A true entrepreneur sees what a commu­ mendous things for business. What used to be when the airlift put down at Heathrow in Lon­ nity needs and does it. They take a risk in a plane ride away is literally only a phone don and the British officials treated Jackson getting there, but I don't think money comes call away." shabbily. Our own State Department did not too much into the consideration. They see Aside from his business endeavors, Pearl is treat Jackson or his accomplishment much the need and they provide it," Luman said. an active fund-raiser and donor to commu­ more respectfully. In the 1970's, Pearl purchased what was nity projects. The final section of the third part of the se­ then a struggling motorcycle shop in Pioneer In December, 1989, he was the major under­ ries tends to show the biographer's own con­ Park and turned it into what is now the big­ writer of Fantasia, a fund-raising dinner/ clusion about whether Reverend Jackson's gest Honda car dealership in Central Illinois. dance sponsored by The Strawberry Patch, Today Honda World employs 32 people. which raised Sl7,000 for the Susan G. Koman public service is self-serving or altruistic. The The same case scenario is true for Heritage Foundation Breast Center to pay of mammo­ writer gives considerable evidence that it is Buick-Mazda, located in Pioneer Park. Pur­ grams for underprivileged women in the Peo­ the latter, to wit: chased in October, 1980, it employs 35 people, ria area. [From the New Yorker, Feb. 17, 1992) and Peoria Toyota-Volvo, purchased in Feb­ Pearl also served on the Peoria Chamber of (By Marshall Frady ruary, 1981, employs 35 people. Also on his Commerce, the Bradley associate board of di­ Over the following days, Jackson's mission list of properties are Pearl Lincoln-Mercury rectors, and the Channel 47 board. to Baghdad and his role in setting in motion in Peoria and Pearl Dodge in Pekin both He sponsored a Bradley scholarship and is what turned out to be a continuing, whole­ bought in November, 1990. a long-time fund-raiser for the Boy Scouts of sale exodus of hostages from Iraq were ac­ "I have sort of brought together my favor­ America and the St. Jude Midwest Affiliate corded only incidental and cursory notice ite hobby and business with the car dealer­ telethon. from Washington and the news media. The ships. I have always enjoyed cars," he said. In 1991, Pearl was chosen to receive the State Department dispensed one glancing ac­ Pearl was selected recently from hundreds Distinguished Alumnus Award from Bradley. of Central Illinois car dealers to house the knowledgement of his services: "We under­ He also has in tow a large family including stand that the departure of several individ­ area's only Lexus dealership. his wife, Colleen Cassidy Pearl, six children ;His insurance building was awarded the Pe­ uals was facilitated by Rev. Jesse Jackson." and 15 grandchildren, two of whom are That was it. The suggestion that had been di­ oria City Beautiful Award in 1979. In 1989, he named John Pearl. . acquired a mail house from Fleming & Pot­ rected at him on his return from Syria with ter, changing its name to Mail Tech, which Goodman was revived: that he had been ma­ nipulated by his vanity, to serve, in this employs 30 people. In 1987, he bought The THE NEW YORKER COMPLETES BI­ Strawberry Patch, a women's clothing bou­ case, Saddam's own purposes. Later, Jack­ tique in Peoria Heights employing 10 people. OGRAPHICAL SERIES ON JESSE son's rejoinder was "Well, anytime anybody On a national level, Pearl is half-owner of JACKSON wants to use me in a way that gets hundreds Health Payment Review, a Boston-based of people out of bondage, I'll be used for that computer health claims company. HON. ANDREW JACOM, JR. anytime." Saddam, at least, after the bomb­ Pearl's entrepreneurial spirit was shown ing storm fell around him, reportedly grum­ again when he initiated the Heights Bank, at OF INDIANA bled that he had permitted himself to be the corner of Samuel Avenue and Prospect IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cozened by " hypocrites from the West" into Road. Realizing the people of Peoria Heights Wednesday , March 4, 1992 releasing the hostages and thereby clearing had no financial institution, he created a the field for the air assault. But what may bank used by many in Peoria Heights that Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, the New Yorker have amounted to the most remarkable en­ employs 20 people. "John Pearl has done a has recently completed publication of a three terprise Jackson had pulled off in his entire lot for this community as far as creating part biographical series on Jesse Jackson. career had registered in the general mind businesses and employing people. If you look The biographer is Marshall Frady. His work is only flickeringly, and rather tackily at that, at all of the jobs he created, he could have excellent. The following is a brief excerpt from and then had disappeared with virtually no created those anywhere. He didn't have to do the second article. trace. it in Peoria, but he did," Erickson noted. Part of the press's dismissal of Jackson's Pearl credits his success and ability to * * * No criticism offends Jackson more mission was due, no doubt, to his many years branch into other endeavors to a favorable than that ascribing his aspirations simply to of eagerly skirmishing for their recognition economic environment in Peoria. the subjective, to the compulsions of ego: of what he felt was his special public import. "The environment has been very good and "That stuff comes from people got the sort One journalist remarked afterward, " It was very steady throughout the years, compared of mind that can't conceive of anything be­ just Jackson showboating and grandstanding to the overall economy prior to now. We're yond personal self interest. It's all they again." But the general unappreciative dis­ in an unfortunate situation now with trou­ know, all that makes them run, so they keep regard seemed, in the following weeks, to bled economic times in Peoria coupled with trying to make you that little, too." knock the wind out of Jackson's spirit. He the Caterpillar labor dispute," Pearl said. One is reminded of an unusual thing written remained curiously silent about the whole He also credits his staff for his success and by Somerset Maugham to the effect that business, as if even he had begun to wonder is looking forward to spending more time in Jesus Christ was one of the most selfish peo­ whether what had happened in Baghdad and Kuwait City had been wholly real. Florida where he enjoys boating and playing ple who ever lived. Shock, until Maugham golf. Though his idea of relaxing is daily cor­ It was only some days after we returned to respondence with the office while he's gone. went on to explain that the human side of the United States that I recalled a moment Pearl said he is getting better at breaking Christ discovered that the greatest pleasure back at the Embassy in Kuwait City that hot away from work. possible for a human being is the ine?Cplicably night after the hostages had come shuffling "I try not to worry so much about the of­ overwhelming shower of well-being one feels out into the blaze of the television lights. fice. I'm not burning the candle at both ends after sacrificing for another. In the sense that Among them was a thin blond girl of about anymore. That means not working so hard at Maugham used the word, "selfish," it came twelve, huddling against her mother. The getting in here by 8 o'clock. The problem two of them were ushered through the gate out to be noble. and presented to Jackson by the girl's fa­ with that is everyone here knows they can In the third article of the biographical series, trap me at home by the phone, so I guess it's ther, who had to stay behind, with the words not that much of a break. Frady describes the trip on which he accom­ "Take care of them for me, Reverend Jack­ Though he may come in a little later than panied Jesse Jackson to Iraq after the inva­ son." The girl was stooped over, knees bent, the average business hours, Pearl is often at sion of Kuwait. and was shuddering convulsively, and Jack­ the office when others have gone home. By sheer force of personality. Jesse Jack­ son, taking her hand, and then her mother's "I go home whenever the phone stops ring­ son engineered an ever burgeoning release of hand, into his, began to weei:>-no doubt from ing and people stop coming in with ques­ Western hostages from Iraq and Kuwait. Yet, a final immense exhaustion after the exer­ tions and emotions of the past few days but tions. There are certain things you need to like the scriptural, unappreciative lepers, one do when it's quiet, so I do that whenever ev­ also, one could not avoid noting with a cold eryone else has gone home." of the freed hostages actually took Jackson to little nip of suspicion, in the brightly lit In the 40 years, Pearl's been in business, task because, after Jackson had arranged for televised theatre of the event. It was the he's seen a lot of changes in the business her exit, there was a 6-hour delay because same uncertainty I had felt when, in Arme­ world. Jackson crawled farther out on a tedious limb nia, he was photographed with eyes watering March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4481 in the hospital for children injured in the Prabandhak Committee; Sukhjinder Singh, SUCCESSFUL Snrn ELECTION BOYCO'IT BE­ earthquake. But that evening in Kuwait Akali Dal-Sukhjinder; and many others. Ac­ COMES MANDATE FOR INDEPENDENCE OF City, as the released hostages proceeded cording to the Hindustan Times, February 23, KHALISTAN amid a crowd of journalists and the bril­ 1992, over 1,200 Sikh leaders from the Akali WASHINGTON, DC, February 24.-With a dis­ liance of camera lights to the vans waiting mal turnout at the Punjab polls, the Sikh to take them to the airport, I realized that Dal Party and the Bharti Kisan farmer's union were arrested under the TADA laws for daring nation's successful election boycott move­ Jackson was nowhere among them. ment has transformed itself into a popular I looked around and saw that he had hung to boycott elections. These leaders remain in mandate for the independence of Khalistan. back, and was following at a considerable, detention. A 21.8% voter turnout has been reported by solitary distance behind them. And then I It is clear that Sikhs stayed away from the the Indian press, but widespread accusations saw that-out of the witness of any camera, polls almost completely. Most votes were cast of ballot rigging leveled against the Congress all by himself in the dark-he was still weep­ by Hindus and other non-Punjabi Sikhs. In the party by the Bharatiya Janata Party and ing. Sobbing soundlessly but so deeply and villages, where most of the 15 million Sikhs in Sikhs throughout Punjab indicate an actual unstoppably that when I went back to con­ Punjab reside, the turnout in the villages did final turnout of 15%. Such a result comes as gratulate him and asked what might be the not exceed 1O percent. Indeed, in at least a major blow to India's Congress party and significance of how things had turned out­ the Indian government which hoped elec­ the sort of question he usually could not re­ 2,000 villages, not a single vote was cast. In­ dian newspapers are calling the Congress vic­ tions in the Sikh homeland would somehow sist expatiating on-he could not reply. quell the ever growing demand for independ­ Could not speak. He simply went on weeping. tory hollow at best. Mr. Speaker, I would like ence. The Sikhs declared independence from to submit for the RECORD several articles pro­ India on October 7, 1987 forming the separate vided to me by Dr. Gurmit Singh Aulakh, country of Khalistan. SIKH ELECTION BOYCOTT president of the Council of Khalistan. I com­ The pervasive accusations of ballot rigging mend these articles to all of my colleagues. indicate a clear effort on the part of the Con­ HON. DAN BURTON [From the Washington Post, Feb. 24, 1992] gress party to weaken the impact of the boy­ A SEPARATE STATE FOR SIKHS cott movement by creating the appearance OF INDIANA of a strong voter turnout. Though largely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Harbans K. Bains' assertion that the strug­ gle for Sikh freedom is nothing more than unsuccessful, wrongdoing by the Indian gov­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 the reign of Pakistani-sponsored terrorism ernment and the Congress party have been a staple of this election process from the be­ Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, on in the Punjab completely overlooks the obvi­ ous [letter, Feb. 7]. ginning. Early on, a complete censorship of February 19, India attempted to hold elections The writer flatly states, "Most Sikhs in all media messages supporting the boycott in the Punjab. The Sikhs in the Punjab have India don't want a separate state." Why is it movement was imposed. Police were actually suffered under police state brutality since India then that almost all factions of the Sikh po­ dispatched to monitor printing presses mak­ dissolved Punjab's State government in 1987 litical party, the Akali Dal along with the ing sure nothing opposing the elections or and established President's rule. In total, the Sikh Student Federation, have joined to­ the Indian government were printed. The In­ gether in a boycott of elections under the In­ dian government also arrested top Sikh poli­ Indian Government has dissolved 1O popularly ticians like S.S. Mann (Akali Dal-Mann), elected governments in the Punjab since dian constitution in favor of continuing the struggle for independence? Prakash Singh Badal (Akali Dal-Badal), 1947. As was expected, the vast majority of If Sikhs' don't want an independent state Bhai Manjit Singh (President of the Sikh Sikhs boycotted the elections. Over 90 percent (to be named Khalistan), why does the Indian Student Federation), and many others. Yet of the Sikh population responded to the boy­ government refuse to honor the demands of despite the detention of these leaders, the cott call, a percentage which almost doubles the Sikh nation to hold a U.N.-sponsored boycott movement has proven a success. that of the noncooperation campaign called by plebiscite in Punjab to settle the issue once The Indian government's desperation for a Mahatma Gandhi to work toward Indian inde­ and for all? This would seem to be the easy large vote turnout was clearly evident. Nu­ merous independent international news pendence from British colonial rule in the way out for India, but instead it chooses bru­ tal oppression. agencies have reported Indian police drag­ 1940's. If, according to Harbans Bains, the carnage ging Sikhs from their homes and forcing Although the Indian press originally reported in the Sikh homeland is all the doing of so­ them to vote under threat of retaliation. The a voter turnout of 21.8 percent, the pervasive­ called "Sikh terrorists," why then has India overall turnout in the villages, however, did ness of accusations of ballot rigging leveled refused to allow Amnesty International not exceed 5%. Indeed, in at least 2000 vil­ against the Congress Party by the Bharatiya within its borders for more than 13 years? lages not a single vote was cast. Whereas Janata Party and the Sikhs throughout Punjab What is it trying to hide? Sikhs-who make up two thirds of the popu­ indicates an actual turnout of around 15 per­ Perhaps it's trying to cover up what the lation in Punjab-won 10 out of the 13 Par­ Asia Watch human rights organization dis­ liament seats contested in 1989, the Congress cent. It is important to note that the Indian covered when it sneaked into Punjab last party has won 12 seats in these elections, no Government declared a complete censorship year. According to its report, "Virtually ev­ Sikh party winning a seat due to the boy­ of all media messages supporting the boycott eryone detained in Punjab is tortured." It cott. A political cartoon from an Indian movement in early January. In fact, police continues, "police have actually trained newspaper summed up the elections. It shows were actually dispatched to monitor printing extrajudicial forces to carry out a candidate jumping in victory; the caption presses and to make sure nothing opposing [extrajudicial] killings." reads: "Hurray! I have won with my only the elections or the Indian Government was Since 1984, more than 100,000 Sikhs have vote, no other voter showed up." been killed by Indian police, paramilitary printed. During the elections, some independ­ "The results of the elections show the forces and death squads. More than 15,000 complete dichotomy of the Sikhs and the ent international news agencies reported that Sikhs languish in prison without charge or Hindus," said Dr. Gurmit Singh Aulakh, Indian police dragged Sikhs from their homes trial. Between 20 and 30 Sikhs are killed President of the Council. "Hindus-mostly in and forced them to vote under threat of retal­ every day. Why has Harbans Bains, who calls the cities-voted for the Congress party poli­ iation. herself "a believer in the Sikh religious tra­ ticians. Sikhs, on the other hand, stayed The desperation of the Indian Government dition of compassion, brotherhood and pro­ away completely, just as they said they for a strong voter turnout was clearly evident. tection of the weak and needy," overlooked would." these facts. One week before the polls were to open, the The Sikh nation declared independence Indian Government had arrested virtually all [From the Christian Science Monitor, Feb. Oct. 7, 1987, forming the separate state of 24, 1992] the top Sikh political and religious leaders who Khalistan. And it is in order to suppress this supported the boycott movement, charging PUNJAB SENDS MIXED MESSAGE TO INDIA'S demand for independence that the Indian RULING PARTY them under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activi­ government is killing Sikhs. Harbans Bains ties-Prevention-Act. This law has been de­ attempts to sidestep the real issue of free­ (By Cameron Barr) nounced by the U.N. Human Rights Commis­ dom. She, like the Indian government, wants NEW DELHI.-India's ruling Congress (I) sion as disturbing and completely unaccept­ Americans to focus instead on the volatile Party won the vast majority of the legisla­ and false issue of terrorism and forget that tive seats in elections held last week in trou­ able. Those arrested include S.S. Mann, Akali Sikhs are dying simply because they have bled Punjab state. But the results are also Dal-Mann; Prakash Singh Badal, Akali Dal­ dared to demand their right of freedom. being interpreted here as a defeat for the Badal; Bhai Manjit Singh, president of the Sikh GURMIT SINGH AULAKH, . central government. Student Federation; Gurcharan Singh Tohra, President, Council of Khalistan, Punjab has seen years of violence between president of the Shiromani Gurdwara Washington. militant Sikh groups, some of whom want 4482 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 their own nation, and the government, which [From the New York Times, Feb. 14, 1992) any area designated as a Federal enterprise has fought to maintain order. The election of FOR SIKH INDEPENDENCE zone. a legislative assembly and state government To the EDITOR: I take exception to the sen­ We need desperately to expand home own­ is intended to end New Delhi's almost five­ timent of the Indian historian Khushwant ership opportunities for low-income working year administration of Punjabi affairs. Singh, quoted in "Violence, Like Punjab's people in economically distressed areas of this Two factors suggest that the Congress gov­ Wheat, Finds Fertile Soil" (news article, ernment has imposed "an election which now country. Home ownership opportunities are an Feb. 1), that an independent Sikh homeland, indispensable link in the housing ladder. New appears to be * * * aimed at foisting a pup­ Khalistan, "is not viable." pet government" on the people of Punjab, The Punjab, known as the wheat-basket of home buyers free up affordable rental units for says Subramaniam Swamy, a leading opposi­ India, produces 73 percent of India's wheat those who are ready to leave public housing, tion member of Parliament. reserve and 48 percent of its rice reserve. who in turn make public housing units avail­ First, voter turnout was low-official esti­ Sikhs make up 2 percent of India's popu­ able for the thousands upon thousands of mates range from 22 to 28 percent-because lation but account for 26 percent of its gross families and individuals living doubled up in of a boycott called by most of the Sikh polit­ national product. · public housing projects, or without shelter at ical parties and because of the threat of vio­ Khalistan is viable not only economically, lence that hung over the election. In many all. Expanded home ownership opportunity will but also militarily. In 1947, Sikhs made up 50 keep and attract working people who contrib­ districts not a single voter cast a ballot, in percent of Indian Army officers, 38 percent of spite of nearly 300,000 troops and police offi­ the air force and 33 percent of combat sol­ ute to the economic development of distressed cers mobilized to guarantee public safety. diers. Today, India has stopped recruiting communities. Making it easier for people to "The militants won," the Economic Times Sikhs, fearing an armed revolt. Nevertheless, own their homes will help to stabilize dis­ newspaper editorialized on Saturday. " Their the martial tradition in Punjab is alive; tressed areas. call for a boycott was a full-blooded poll." Khalistan will be fully capable of defending The mortgage revenue bond program has And proportionately more of the state's itself. proven to be an extremely effective mecha­ minority Hindus voted than the majority Sikhs, 68 percent of the Punjab population, Sikh population, suggesting that the elec­ nism for the promotion of low- and moderate­ overwhelmingly view India's election plan as income home ownership in New York and tion is even less reflective of Sikh political counterproductive. Most Sikh organizations inclinations than the turnout indicates. say they will boycott elections to pursue throughout the country. Expanding the pro­ Congress candidates won 12 of Punjab's 13 independence. gram in this way would make it even more ef­ seats in India's Parliament, and 87 of the 117 GURMIT SINGH AULAKH, fective in the areas of greatest housing need, state legislative seats. Although there was President, Council of Khalistan, without costing the Federal Treasury a penny talk before the election of a coalition be­ Washington , Feb . 5, 1992. in tax revenues. tween Congress politicians and members of the Akali Dal (Kabul) party, the sole Sikh political group to contest the election, the INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION KATHERINE DUNHAM: A DANCER'S Congress contingent is now forming a gov­ TO EXPAND HOME OWNERSHIP CELEBRATION OF AMERICA' S ernment on its own. OPPORTUNITIES GORGEOUS MOSAIC Concern is mounting that the election will further split Punjab's Sikhs and Hindus and boost the legitimacy of the militants, who HON. JOSE E. SERRANO HON. C~ B. RANGEL argue that Sikhs will never get fair treat­ OF NEW YORK OF NEW YORK ment from a Congress administration. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES party is indelibly connected with the June IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1984 storming of the Sikh Golden Temple in Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Amritsar. Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, today I intro­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to com­ The Congress (I) Party, which now holds a minority position in India's Parliament, held duced a bill that will expand home ownership memorate Black History Month by paying spe­ the elections in order to gain control of opportunities for low-income buyers in areas cial tribute to Katherine Dunham, one of Amer­ Punjab's parliamentary seats, a former Sikh across the country that most need new afford­ ica's preeminent performing artists. As a danc­ political leader, said yesterday in New Delhi able housing, through a proven, successful er and choreographer, she revolutionized on condition of anonymity. This view has program, tax-exempt mortgage revenue modern dance in the 20th century by blending also been voiced by other critics here, but bonds. My bill would permit the issuance of rhythms of America with those of Africa and the Congress government says it wants only mortgage revenue bonds to finance the sale of the Caribbean. to return Punjab to normalcy. newly constructed two-family homes in tar­ First, I wish to commend my friend and col­ Bharat. Wariavwalla, of Delhi's Centre for league, the Honorable Louis Stokes, who once the Study of Developing Societies, says the geted areas of chronic economic distress. central government must shift more power Under current law, mortgage revenue bond again has summoned the Congressional Black to the states and continue to hold elections proceeds may be used to finance new single­ Caucus to raise our voices as one in recogni­ in Punjab. family homes, but not new two-family homes. tion of America's black heroes and heroines. Some political groups then would realize In many densely populated urban areas, in­ Not that we should single out one day, or that "extremism is not going to work; the cluding New York City, the costs of land and week, or month to celebrate those who came Indian state is too powerful and is going to construction make two-family projects much before us and those who are toiling with us crush it," Mr. Wariavwalla says. more economically feasible for developers today in various fields to advance our common than single-family homes. Two-family homes cause and that of our Nation. [From the Washington Times, Feb. 12, 1992) simply cost less to build. In addition, each So we, as black Americans, during this TOP SIKHS ARRESTED FOR URGING VOTE home build can provide an affordable rental month we focus on extraordinary people and BOYCOTT unit, a scarce commodity in the south Bronx events as a way of educating black boys and CHANDIGARH, India.-Leaders of a powerful and many other areas of the country. girls, and all Americans, so that someday we Sikh religious body were arrested yesterday In my congressional district, there are sev­ may celebrate them at all times, with one for urging a boycott of elections in Punjab and militants trying to disrupt the vote eral projects underway to build two-family voice. But as long as black history is ignored, killed five political workers, police said. homes. I believe that low-income people who we must use occasions such as this to spread The Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak wish to buy these homes should be able to the word to all Americans, especially black Committee, · which controls Sikh temples, get financing through the mortgage revenue Americans, about our contributions, and reflect adopted a resolution to boycott next week's bond program. on the patchwork of cultures that make up elections, said committee president My bill would simply amend the Internal America's gorgeous mosaic. Gurcharan Singh Tohra. Mr. Tohra and 16 Revenue Code of 1986 by lifting the require­ Most importantly, this is a time to celebrate other committee members were arrested on ment that a two-family residence be occupied who we are, and like other Americans, to re­ leaving the meeting at a temple in Anandpur Sahib, 60 miles north of Chandigarh. at least 5 years before a mortgage is executed member the various backgrounds from which Punjab Home Secretary A.S. Chatha said subject to the mortgage revenue bond pro­ we sprang. As Americans, we are indeed a they were detained under India's anti-terror­ gram, when the two-family residence is in a glorious mosaic, of nationalities, of colors, and ist laws. Earlier, police blocked roads to targeted area as currently defined in the Code, of religions who have come together to live in Anandpur Sahib and barred reporters. in a State economic development zone, or in harmony. ,,_.--.,- y - • ~-. • - I I ... •" • • • - -. • • l'- • l •

March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4483 So, I call on my colleagues to join me in sa­ TRIBUTE TO ALICE AND HENRY the bargaining table sharply toward the Arab luting Katherine Dunham. Today, she lies in ACKERMAN delegates. satisfactory condition at St. Mary's Hospital in What the administration does not under­ East St. Louis, IL, in the 27th day of a fast, HON. DAVE CAMP stand is that the mere threat of withholding the which she entered in protest of the treatment OF MICHIGAN guarantee has an adverse effect on the peace of the Haitian boat people. She has pledged to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES process by linking a pure humanitarian effort take nothing more than cranberry juice and Wednesday, March 4, 1992 with a strategy for reconciliation between sev­ water until our Government ceases the depor­ eral adversaries. I take exception to the state­ tations of those unfortunate refugees. Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I rise today to recognize two out­ ment by the Secretary of State and the Presi- · At the age of 82, Ms. Dunham is dem­ standing individuals from northern Michigan. dent that the settlements in the West Bank onstrating not only her love of the Haitian cul­ On March 7, 1992, Alice and Henry Ackerman and the Gaza Strip are an impediment to ture that inspired much of her work, but her will be receiving the Greater Kalkaska Area peace in the Middle East. For one, the number commitment to fair treatment of all mankind. It Chamber of Commerce Golden Achievement of refugees that have settled in these areas is would be saying less than enough to call her Award for their 15 years of service to the com­ very small. Labeling these settlements as a an American heroine. munity of Kalkaska. hindrance to the peace process is a feeble at­ Ms. Dunham's love affair with Haiti began in Both Henry and Alice are active members of tempt to lay blame on an ally who is dedicated the 1930's when, as a student of anthropol­ the community. Their commitment to the Na­ to tranquility in a region that has known war ogy, she spent a year of field study in the tional Trout Festival, an event held annually for centuries. West Indies. for over 50 years that promotes the fishing In addition, by delaying the guarantee, the Her training in anthropology was the founda­ and other summer sports that prevail in the administration continues to ignore the respon­ tion for the new dance forms that she later in­ Kalkaska area, was recognized 2 years ago sibilities this country has to the Jewish when they were elected lifetime honorary troduced. Through her work, African and Car­ emigrees from the former Soviet Union. For members. The festival regularly brings thou­ ibbean rhythms and movements were seen for decades, the United States, together with Is­ sands of visitors to the Kalkaska area to fish the first time on American stages. rael, has been at the forefront of efforts to se­ and enjoy the summer. cure emigration for Jews who were unable to "Cabin in the Sky," a Broadway musical Alice has been involved in the community in practice their religion in the Soviet Union. choreographed by Dunham, in which she also many ways. She worked as a secretary for the Now, after this struggle has borne fruit, should acted and danced, was the first of several police department and has been very involved stage productions and films with which she in the hospital auxiliary. She can ·often be this Nation just turn our back on the thou­ was connected. Others included such films as seen reading poetry to comfort those patients sands of Jewish emigrees? We must ensure "Stormy Weather"-which featured Lena who are in the long-term area of the hospital. that the Soviet Jews that have been granted Horne and Bill "Bojangles" Robinson-"Par­ Henry, a retired personnel manager from freedom of passage to Israel be provided liv­ don My Sarong," which she choreographed, the Novi Equipment Co., has also been in­ ing conditions free from the instability and fear and the musical "Windy City." volved in the community in many ways. Henry that had plagued their lives in the Soviet has served on the Kalkaska County Commis­ Union. The loan guarantee is merely another Ms. Dunham's dance interests have ranged sion on Aging Board. The board is responsible step in a process that this country has long from Haiti to Harlem. She blended the dances for overseeing the many recreational and meal committed itself. To bail out on the guarantee of America's urban blacks with their hidden programs that the Council on Aging produces would be nothing less than an act of desertion roots in Africa and the Caribbean. Today, at a for the senior citizens of the Kalkaska area. by the United States. time when African and Caribbean dancing for The many programs support the recreational young people is taken for granted, we should Also, what the administration fails to accept needs of the area's seniors. Alice and Henry is that stalling the guarantee also has an ad­ remember that Ms. Dunham was the first to have also been very active in the Kalkaska express the connection. verse affect on business in this country. The Historical Society as well as lifetime members Israelis have agreed to purchase prefabricated Born in Joliet, IL, Ms. Dunham holds M.A. of the Calvary Baptist Church. structures, built by American manufacturers, to and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Chi­ Mr. Speaker, I know that you will join with house the Jewish emigrees. With America's fi­ me in commending and congratulating the cago. Over the years, she has established nancial situation-especially our building Ackermans. Their service to the community is schools of dance and done humanitarian work trades at a standstill-this purchase plan certainly a shining example of good citizen­ in places as diverse as East St. Louis, New would have injected a much-needed boost to ship. Let us thank the Ackermans for their York, Haiti, and Senegal. In 1990, she was our economy. presented the National Medal of the Arts by service to northern Michigan. President Bush. Mr. Speaker, yet another fact the adminis­ tration fails to realize is that the loan guaran­ Ms. Dunham's courageous decision to risk SUPPORT LOAN GUARANTEES FOR tee is just that, a guarantee; the United States her life to benefit the Haitian boat people is a ISRAEL is simply a cosigner on behalf of Israel. It is moving testament to the depth of the tragedy nothing more than a good will effort on behalf being inflicted on the suffering people of Haiti. HON. RAYMOND J. McGRATII of the United States so that Israel may borrow What more needs to be said to call attention OF NEW YORK using the most beneficial market rate. Yet, the to their plight? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES White House has used this nominal request by What more needs to be said to open our Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Israel as a means to set policy and implement hearts to the desperation of the people who radical reorganization of our Middle East pol­ would risk their lives to cross shark-infested Mr. McGRATH. Mr. Speaker, I am very dis­ icy. open seas to escape the brutality of trigger­ turbed by the recent comments made by the Finally, Mr. Speaker, I believe that putting happy soldiers. Secretary of State concerning Israel's request for a $10 billion loan guarantee from the Unit­ conditions on loan guarantees is another at­ Why must it be left up to an 82-year-old ed States. tempt to punish Israel. Those in Washington woman, an American cultural treasure, to risk I not only find the remarks by the Secretary who advocate conditions for the guarantee her own life to gain a little sympathy for a peo­ before the House Subcommittee on Foreign continue to make no mention of the Arab boy­ ple left abandoned by the same Americans Operations repulsive but what is especially of­ cott of Israel; the continued state of bellig­ who urged them to trust in democracy. fensive is the timing of his comments. Middle erency that the Arab nations have maintained Katherine Dunham need not fear the ques­ East representatives are again gathered here against Israel since its inception; and the re­ tion which will be asked, after all is said and in Washington and have assembled at an fusal of all Arab nations-with the exception of done, about Haiti: What did you know and even-keeled table. However, the Bush admin­ Egypt-to recognize Israel. Until these issues what did you do about it? She, like us, knows; istration's unyielding policy toward the loan­ are resolved, I will continue to oppose any pol­ but she has chosen to do somethinp about it. guarantee issue is insensitive and has tilted icy structured to condemn only Israel. 4484 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 THE AMERICAN MANUFACTURING ferees. In introducing this bill, I intend to lay played not only a brilliance for analysis, but a REVITALIZATION ACT OF 1992 before the Congress an additional proposal unique grace under pressure and an unusual which should be given serious consideration. candor that has won over even the sharpest HON. WAYNE OWENS This proposal is intended to supplement, rath­ critic." In July 1991, President Bush presented OF UTAH er than replace, important items currently Dick Kerr with the Presidential Citizens Medal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under review, such as other rapid amortization for Kerr's unique contributions during the Per­ measures, a cut in the capital gains tax and sian Gulf crisis. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 investment tax credit. In my personal and professional contact Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, today I Encouraging the growth of new manufactur­ with Dick Kerr, I was always impressed not introduced the American Manufacturing Revi­ ing capability is good, sound policy. It is fis­ only by his good judgment and skill, but also talization Act of 1992. cally responsible, pro-growth, and pro-entre­ by his personable style. He was open and This legislation provides companies with the preneurship. Regardless of whether the cur­ honest, with a terrific sense of humor. incentive and the means to construct and start rent tax bill passes the President's desk, a bi­ Mr. Gates noted the "enormous affection" up new manufacturing facilities. Specifically, it partisan consensus has obviously emerged CIA employees have for Dick Kerr, and com­ allows a company a 5-year writeoff of the that there exists a real lack of investment in­ mented that Dick "had the ability to inspire costs of that years' investment in a new manu­ centives in the Tax Code. Should our current loyalty on the part of the troops." facturing plant and equipment over the aver­ efforts not reach fruition, we should continue We wish Dick and his family the best. We age of the previous 3 year's investment. It is efforts to remedy these shortcomings through also extend to him our Intelligence Commit­ thus targeted toward new plant and equip­ legislation such as this. I encourage my col­ tee's, and the Congress' profound thanks for a ment, and does not cost the Treasury any rev­ leagues to give this proposal the highest con­ job extremely well done. Dick Kerr is one of enue. sideration. the genuine unsung heroes, whose long ca­ Only the costs of those manufacturing facili­ reer as a professional intelligence officer re­ ties constructed within the United States can flects the best tradition of Federal service. be amortized under this bill. Thus, a company THE RETIREMENT OF DICK KERR: does not have incentive to relocate to coun­ ONE OF OUR NATION'S BEST tries with lower labor costs. AND BRIGHTEST TRIBUTE TO MR. JEFFREY REZNIK Much will be discussed in the coming weeks on how best to prime our economic pumps. HON. BUD SHUSTER HON. CHARLES E. SCHUMER This debate must focus on policies that en­ OF PENNSYLVANIA OF NEW YORK courage both capital formation and productive IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capital investment. However, I fear that not Wednesday, March 4, 1992 enough attention has focused on the high Wednesday, March 4, 1992 costs of construction involved in the startup or Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to expansion of a company's manufacturing op­ praise the accomplishments of Richard J. bring the attention of my colleagues to the erations. To often, our industry has based its Kerr, who retired last week as the Deputy Di­ good work of Mr. Jeffrey Reznik, a constituent investment decisions on the costs of labor, rector of the Central Intelligence Agency. Dick of mine in New York. then relocated to cheaper labor markets. Kerr was a superb intelligence officer who per­ Mr. Reznik is a businessman, as well as an Granted, you can't prevent a company from sonified the best traditions of the CIA. He was activist on behalf of numerous Jewish causes. moving its operations to a location where prof­ truly a Central Intelligence officer: The breadth As executive director of Response in Kind, its can be maximized. But many times the ad­ of his experience made him the best example Jeff Reznik has coordinated write-in and call­ in campaigns to urge American support for Is­ verse impact of relocation on our domestic I know, of an all-around officer. His expertise rael. As a regular columnist in the Jewish economy could be avoided if companies are showed best in the last few years, when he given incentives to relocate or expand domes­ was the Deputy Director, and then Acting Di­ Press, he has drawn lessons for modern-day tically. rector for a long period pending the confirma­ readers from the history of the Jewish people. We must keep in mind that industry is by no tion of Mr. Gates. His most recent column presented a well-re­ means entirely to blame for seemingly short­ As Director of Central Intelligence [DCI] searched chronology of expulsion orders sighted decisionmaking. After all, a company's Gates noted in Kerr's retirement ceremony at against Jews, an important contribution to the search for profits is understandable, and its CIA headquarters last week. "The issues in understanding of a history that led to the Zion­ behavior is inextricably linked to incentives in which Dick has played a role over these years ist dream of a state for the Jewish people. Mr. the tax code. Many companies must relocate read like a history of our time and span the Reznik has also been a leading advocate in in order to remain productive. Relocation often globe." Dick spent 32 years with the CIA. Ris­ the campaign to release Ron Arad and the requires construction of a new plant and in­ ing through the directorate of intelligence to be other Israeli prisoners-of-war captured in Leb­ vestment in new or different equipment. We senior analyst, then representative to the anon. I was pleased to work closely with Re­ sponse in Kind in drafting House Resolution must enable those companies to relocate, but Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command, 372, calling on the Syrian Government to re­ give them incentive to keep operations within then head of a task force planning the use of our country. new collection sytems, and then executive offi­ lease those prisoners. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of my constituents in My bill will remedy this condition by helping cer of the intelligence community staff. New York, I would like to ask all of my fellow to lower the costs involved in start up of a new In 1982, the DCI appointed Dick Kerr the Members of Congress to join me in thanking manufacturing facility in the United States. The Associate Deputy Director for Intelligence. In Jeffrey Reznik for his tireless efforts on behalf initial, fixed costs of construction and equip­ 1986 he was briefly the Deputy Director for of our community and our Nation. ment are often an entrepreneur's greatest ob­ Administration, before being named Deputy stacle to success, as well as an existing com­ Director for Intelligence. This critical job man­ pany's greatest obstacle to expansion. ages the CIA offices that produce analysis and TRIBUTE TO "NEW LEASE ON For new companies created with venture finished intelligence for U.S. policymakers. LIFE" ON THEIR 31ST ANNIVER­ capital, this accelerated writeoff can help to Dick Kerr was appointed Deputy Director for SARY ease high startup costs and act as a just re­ Central Intelligence in March 1989, where he ward for their entrepreneurship. For existing served until March 2. For some months in the HON. JAMES A. TRAFlCANf, JR. companies, it provides incentive to expand. second half of 1991, Dick was the Acting Di­ OF OHIO We must restructure the Tax Code, where ap­ rector of Central Intelligence after Judge Web­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES propriate, to assure that entrepreneurship and ster's resignation. long-term vision is rewarded, and this bill can In a ceremony last week at CIA head­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 help to bring those rewards to fruition. quarters, Dick was presented with CIA's high­ Mr. TRAFICANT. Today, Mr. Speaker, I rise Last week, we considered important tax leg­ est medal, The Distinguished Intelligence to pay tribute to the members of a very special islation which, I hope, can be modified or im­ Medal. DCI Gates noted during the ceremony organization, "New Lease on Life," who are proved considerably in the Senate and by con- that Dick Kerr throughout his career "dis- celebrating their 31st anniversary. , - • ~-.-r"'l'~ .. -·-·-~~--T•

March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4485 On February 17, 1992, I had the great my heartiest congratulations to Jack and Rita and will soon be completing "Crossed Sabers: pleasure to address this commendable group on this wonderful occasion. The History of the U.S. Calvary" which will in­ at the DiVieste Banquet Hall in my 17th Dis­ clude a forward by President Reagan. trict of Ohio. I was extremely proud to address Lou Reda Productions has produced numer­ this social club founded by Jean Hardy CLAIMS TO THE JAPANESE GOV­ ous works that are familiar to many people na­ Copeland in 1961. As a result of her mar­ ERNMENT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS tionwide including "Constitution Minutes," velous insight, "New Lease on Life" has be­ ABUSES DURING WORLD WAR II "The Blue and the Gray,'' an 8-hour CBS mini­ come a very appreciated group to many indi­ series about the Civil War, and "Korea: The viduals in my district. HON. BARBARA F. VUCANOVICH Forgotten War." "New Lease on Life" is an organization for OF NEVADA Most recently Lou Reda Productions has handicapped people from the Trumbull County IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been involved in helping to commemorate the area which gives its members the opportunity 50th anniversary of America's participation in Wednesday, March 4, 1992 to meet with each other on a regular basis World War II with their production of "Road to and offer support, understanding, and com­ Mrs. VUCANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I am here Infamy: The Countdown Years." as well as panionship to each other. today to speak on behalf of the American De­ their work with Grammy Award winning instru­ Again, Mr. Speaker, I want to pay tribute to f enders of Bataan and Corregidor, Inc., who mentalist and singer Phil Driscol and the up­ this fine organization and wish them a very have made a claim to the Government of coming "Spirit of America" concert at the Na­ happy anniversary. Japan for human rights abuses which oc­ tional Symphony Orchestra here in Washing­ curred during World War II. ton. During World War II many American POW's Mr. Speaker, last year, I screened Lou Reda JACK AND RITA SINDER RECEIVE were subjected to months of deprivation and Productions' 1-hour television special "Road to 1992 AWARD OF MERIT FROM mistreatment in prison camps. After the war, Infamy: The Countdown Years." It is an out­ UNIVERSITY OF JUDAISM many of those ex-prisoners still suffered from standing work and it stands out from the the effects of the war. For many, life only pro­ crowd in both its quality and content. I would ·HON. MEL LEVINE vided physical and mental anguish. highly recommend it for my colleagues, and OF CALIFORNIA In 1951, the treaty of peace was signed by others who have not viewed it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the United States and Japan, providing the Of all of the television program specials United States with some reparations to settle scheduled as part of the 50th anniversary of Wednesday, March 4, 1992 war claims. While the War Claims Commission the Japanese attack, "The Road to Infamy" Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise was authorized to pay ex-prisoners compensa­ has been the only one that clearly crystallizes today to recognize Jack and Rita Sinder, 1992 tion for former military prisoners of war cap­ Japanese philosophy and foreign policy from recipients of the University of Judaism Award tured in any territories invaded by the Japa­ the time Admiral Perry landed in Japan in the of Merit. This award is only the latest in a long nese, this compensation was limited due to 1850's until the outbreak of the World War II. line of honors the Sinders have received for the economic environment of Japan. The The program traces Japan's economic and their many years of dedication to the Jewish American Defenders of Bataan and Corregi­ military philosophy, its involvement in World community. dor, Inc., believe that this payment was not War I and the territories Japan was awarded, In 1967, upon the outbreak of the Six Day enough to compensate for the degradation its conflict with Russia and the Russo-Japa­ War, the Sinders were forced to cut short their which was caused by these human rights nese War, the Japanese invasion of Manchu­ visit to Israel. On their return they helped mo­ abuses. ria and their devastating war with China, their bilize their community on behalf of Israel, par­ Times have changed, however, and Japan military buildup, Admiral Yamamoto's planning ticularly through Israel bonds. This was the is now financially secure. As such, the Amer­ and training for the attack on Pearl Harbor, beginning of a deep and lasting visible com­ ican Defenders of Bataan and Corregidor, Inc., and finally the last minute diplomatic efforts mitment to helping Israel, culminating with Rita have filed a claim with the United Nations undertaken by two Nations headed for war. being honored by the Golda Meir Club in 1988 Commission on Human Rights, requesting that Daniel Marinez, the historian at the U.S.S. for her dedication. Rita currently serves on the proper reparation be made. Arizona Memorial in Pearl Harbor, incor­ Los Angeles Board of Israel Bonds. Mr. Speaker, it is my hope that the United porated the film into the December 7 program Jack and Rita have been active members of Nations Commission on Human Rights will schedule of the 50th Anniversary Ceremony at Valley Beth Shalom for 31 years. As a me­ give this request careful consideration. We Pearl Harbor. It is my understanding that all chanical engineer, Jack was able to save the cannot stand for human rights abuses in the park rangers and guides at the U.S.S. Arizona synagogue from a costly move by devising a past, the present, or the future. Memorial will be required to screen "Road to plan to expand on the existing grounds. Jack Infamy" as part of their training and continu­ also served as construction chairman, playing ous study program. a large part in the creation of Valley Beth THE "ROAD TO INFAMY" EM- Mr. Speaker, "Road To Infamy" is the defin­ Shalom's new classrooms, sanctuary, syna­ BODIES EDUCATIONAL TELE- itive television program that covers the impor­ gogue center, and the Sinder parking center, VISION PRODUCTION tant events related to Japan and United which he and Rita dedicated. States-Japanese relations during the count­ The Sinders are devoted as well to the Uni­ HON. DON RITIER down years leading up to Pearl Harbor. This versity of Judaism. They are founders of the OF PENNSYLVANIA view is also shared by many retired U.S. mili­ University of Judaism Wagner Program, are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tary personnel including-to name a few-Ad­ university patrons, and serve on its board. miral I. Campbell Kidd, Jr., whose father re­ This year, Rita and her sister are the sponsors Wednesday, March 4, 1992 ceived the Medal of Honor while serving on of one of the university's public lectures featur­ Mr. RITIER. Mr. Speaker, we are all famil­ the U.S.S. Arizona, Gen. John P. Condon, ing Rabbi Arthur Hertzberg. iar with the old adage "from little acorns USMC-Ret. as well as many teachers and Jack and Rita's philanthropic activities help mighty oak trees grow." educators. It has also been acclaimed by to further enrich their happy and successful This saying certainly holds true for a small Dorothy Rabinowitz in the Wall Street Journal, careers and personal lives. Jack is a real es­ television/video production company, Lou and in other newspapers and publications na­ tate developer, and Rita is a real estate broker Reda Productions, Inc., located in my con­ tionwide. and professional property manager. They gressional district, in the city of Easton, PA. Indeed, besides its regular prime time share their joy with their children, Alan and Lou Reda Productions has taken on the re­ scheduling, the Arts and Entertainment cable Sheri, Sheri's husband Jim, and especially sponsibility of producing informative and enter­ network recognized the importance of this pro­ their granddaughter, Cara Leigh. taining documentaries, and general program­ gram and made it available to teachers and It is my pleasure to bring Jack and Rita ming that is televised on the Arts and Enter­ schools as part of their educational program­ Sinder's accomplishments to the attention of tainment Cable Network, the Discovery Chan­ ming. my colleagues in the House of Representa­ nel and elsewhere. They are currently working Mr. Speaker, this little acorn of a production tives, and I ask that they join me in extending on a 13-part series entitled "Secret Weapons," company-Lou Reda Productions-has, and 4486 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 is, producing quality programming that is chal­ secretary of Cleveland Building Trades. For awards during his career. He was given the lenging and motivating people to learn more over 40 years he has consistently channeled Outstanding Senior Award from California about their world, history, and the American his energies toward the Cleveland community, State University Sacramento in 1966, and a heritage. civic activities, and the well-being of those Professional Award in 1979. Mr. Ahner has It is my feeling that the creative group that around him. This month Charles is retiring. been president of the California Park and produced "Road to Infamy" should be recog­ His service and vast experience will indeed Recreation Society and an active member of nized for their efforts and the outstanding so­ be missed by the many people he has worked the National Park and Recreation Society. cial responsibility evident in their work. That with as a pacesetter in building trade construc­ · It is truly an honor to speak on behalf of Mr. group is: Lou Reda, the executive producer; tion. His absence will undoul:.edly leave a Ahner. I know that the Sacramento community Mort Zimmerman of Queens, NY, the pro­ void in the many organizations which have re­ has benefited greatly from his leadership as ducer; Norman Stahl of Bayshore, NY who lied on his natural leadership ability. These or­ district director for the Parks and Recreation wrote a detailed and extremely informative ganizations include the Cleveland Building and Society. I ask my colleagues to join me in con­ script; and Don Horan of Boonton, NJ, the di­ Construction Trade Council, the Cleveland gratulating him and in wishing him happiness rector/editor. This group embodies creativity AFL-CIO Federation of Labor, Ohio State in his retirement. and educational programming for commercial Building and Construction Trade Council, the television. Greater Cleveland Growth Board. Mr. Speaker, with the ongoing commemora­ But Mr. Pinzone's hard work was not limited tion of the 50th anniversary of America's in­ to his profession. In fact, Charles's aspirations RESOLUTION TO BRING PEACE volvement in World War II and the current sta­ and efforts have rarely been limited. At the WITH JUSTICE IN NORTHERN tus of United States-Japanese bilateral rela­ Charles Pinzone Boxing ·Club, he has been IRELAND tions, I would strongly urge that the Library of teaching children both how to box and reach Congress and the Congressional Research goals in life. Charles has been a champion of HON. MARlY RU~ Service permanently make this important vis­ the elderly at the Pinzone Tower, Senior Citi­ ual document-"Road To lnfamy"-available zens Apartments. Again Charles undertook the OF ILLINOIS on VHS cassettes for screening and reference leadership positions in civic activities, such as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES work. Northern Ohio Chapter Leukemia Society, Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Cleveland Golden Gloves Association, Amer­ ican Legion Post No. 569, labor division of the Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ TRIBUTE TO RABBI LOUIS KAPLAN United Way, and the list continues. ducing legislation to help bring an end to the During his career, Charles was recognized strife in Northern Ireland. I am calling on the HON. CURT WELDON by many organizations for his achievements. Government of the United States to encourage OF PENNSYLVANIA He was presented with many honors which in­ discussions among all parties involved to pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clude the Cosmopolitan Democratic League mote peace and justice in this troubled area of the world. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 Achievement Award, Leukemia Society Award of Appreciation, and the Council for Economic Given the extended history of conflict here, Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Opportunities Leadership Award. However, as and the bitterness that exists as a result, commend and pay tribute to Rabbi Louis all those close to Charles will attest, his most many may consider it only a dream to even Kaplan, a constituent of mine, who after 30 satisfaction comes not from the awards he has consider the possibility of peace. I do not. years of service will retire this April from Ohev been given, but from the achievements that Consider this: Opportunities arise in even the Shalom Synagogue in Wallingford, PA. have been gained. stormiest of times and places for change, and Rabbi Kaplan has been a pillar of the local It is fitting that we acknowledge individuals, I believe such a time exists now. We need community since joining Ohev Shalom in like Charles R. Pinzone, who have given of only look at the brand new world maps being 1961. A true altruist, Rabbi Kaplan helped themselves for the betterment of their commu­ drawn to know that we are undergoing tre­ form the interfaith program, "QUEST: An Ex­ nity and neighbors. By doing so we remind mendous change. Now is the time we can periment in Interfaith Understanding." Also, he ourselves and promote the fact that one per­ shift the course that keeps Northern Ireland currently is the chaplain and a teacher at son can make a difference. Thank you mired in conflict. Widner University. In addition to all his con­ Charles and good luck. No one is happy with the current situation in tributions to education and youth in Delaware Ireland, that is clear. But that is not enough County, Rabbi Kaplan aids the elderly by con­ unless the parties involved work together to ducting monthly prayers at a local nursing TRIBUTE TO MR. EUGENE H. devise a solution to end the situation, and that home and performing his duties as committee AHNER doesn't happen. No formula to date has member at Crozer Chester Medical Center. As worked, and meantime the situation grows a result of all his philanthropies, teachings, HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI worse, with every aspect of life affected. and studies, Rabbi Kaplan has enriched the OF CALIFORNIA Northern Ireland, in addition to the tragic lives of thousands of Delaware County citi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deaths and relentless fear, has the highest zens. Wednesday, March 4, 1992 poverty rate in the European Community and He has a Ph.D from Dropsie College and an Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to the unemployment is the highest in all of honorary doctor of divinity degree from the Western Europe. Jewish Theological Seminary. He is currently honor the achievements of Mr. Eugene H. My resolution is concerned with the positive: listed as an honorary pastor of the Ahner upon his retirement on February 28, peace with justice in Ireland. Since the Gov­ Swarthmore Presbyterian Church and is a vice 1992. Mr. Ahner is retiring after serving our ernment of our great country has successfully president of the Philadelphia region Rabbinical community as district administrator for the promoted peace through compromise in other Society. Rabbi Kaplan is one of the finest citi­ California Park and Recreation Society for the troubled areas throughout the world, let's bring zens of Delaware County. I am proud to have last 26 years. our skill and focus to this conflict. him as my constituent. Mr. Ahner began his employment as a recreation supervisor for special projects in We know the people of Ireland do share the 1965. He was then hired as the district's first common objectives of peace, justice, and TRIBUTE TO CHARLES R. PINZONE program coordinator. Under Mr. Ahner's su­ prosperity for all Irish people, and we can play pervision, the district department has grown a role here. I urge the President to seek to es­ HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR tremendously. Part time staff consisted of 3 of­ tablish talks with all parties concerned. When OF OHIO ficials when Mr. Ahner began and now the de­ people talk, strife can end, new relationships IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES partment employs over 300. The district has can form. When people talk, peace and justice also increased from just 6 parks to 32, cover­ can be won. We can see the same new day Wednesday, March 4, 1992 ing a total of 368 acres. that is dawning throughout the world come to Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Mr. Ahner has been a very respected leader all the citizens of Northern Ireland, Ireland, pay tribute to Charles R. Pinzone, executive in the department and has received many and Great Britain. ....-- . . ~ -. r ~ ,.., ~..- . -.~ . . - ~ -· "", . -·, ~ . . . ,

March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4487 A TRIBUTE TO THE SUNDAY not get subsidies or the benefit of quota pro­ accord beyond that, I remember being told by SCHOOL OF THE CHURCH ON THE grams from the USDA. The fruit and vegetable many that the multilateral General Agreement HILL business is really composed of a multitude of on Tariffs and Trade [GATT] was the only ave­ different businesses, each one unique and nue required to achieve true global trade liber­ HON. GARY L ACKERMAN each one fiercely competitive. For these rea­ alization. Indeed, some policymakers and OF NEW YORK sons, fruit and vegetable producers really other trade specialists argued that pursuing bi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES don't get as much attention or support from lateral and regional trade initiatives would ac­ the Department of Agriculture as I think they tually upset and damage the delicate multilat­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 deserve, especially considering the economic eral balance existing in the GATT. Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today punch they pack. Now, more than 1O years later, we are fi­ to pay tribute to the Sunday School of the By supporting fruits and vegetables, we sup­ nally pursuing a North American free trade Church on the Hill in Flushing, Queens. The port good health, reduced health care costs, a agreement and talking openly and confidently Sunday school will celebrate its 65th anniver­ smaller trade deficit and more job opportuni­ about the importance to America's global trad­ sary with a special service of worship in the ties for rural Americans, especially for smaller ing interests of a Western Hemispheric free sanctuary on Sunday, March 8. farmers. Please join me in supporting this con­ trade area. While I laud the executive branch The Sunday School of the Church on the tinuing success story. I also invite you to join for recognizing the benefits of pursuing bilat­ Hill has been a stable force in the life of the me in seeing that the Federal Government eral, regional, and multilateral trade agree­ church and its community since its creation in acts on many fronts as a partner in promoting ments simultaneously, I am disappointed that 1927. This vehicle of the church continues to this very important sector of agriculture. it has taken so long to embark on such initia­ offer the community's children the same edu­ tives. Also, I continue to be discouraged that cational, moral, and religious training that was executive branch trade officials have yet to re­ envisioned in 1927. Although many things in INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION alize the enormous benefits to be reaped by the neighborhood and community surrounding RELATED TO FREE TRADE free trade pacts with Asian-Pacific rim trading the church have changed over the years, the AGREEMENTS partners, beginning with Taiwan and Korea. Sunday school has retained its strong commit­ While the United States has been placing ment to educating its children. HON. RICHARD T. SCHUIZE what I view to be an inordinate number of This achievement is a tribute to the leader­ OF PENNSYLVANIA eggs in the GA TT basket, the European Com­ ship of dedicated teachers and administration IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES munity has hedged against the possible col­ over the years. The Sunday school's super­ lapse of the Uruguay round of GA TT by push­ Wednesday, March 4, 1992 intendents, secretary, treasurer, and full staff ing ahead with the European Community 1992 of teachers have given of themselves and Mr. SCHULZE. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ initiative. Accordingly, the European Commu­ their time in a manner which cannot go unno­ troducing legislation calling on the President of nity now stands in a strong position to yield a ticed. I also commend the Reverend Robert A. the United States to initiate negotiations with Uruguay round package more palatable to its Perless, whose leadership over the past 22 the Republic of China on Taiwan-Taiwan-­ wishes, or to kill a bad package and force years has been a source of great stability for and the Republic of Korea-Korea-geared those who want to play on the European ball­ the Church on the Hill. toward achieving a free trade agreement with field to play by European Community 1991- Finally, I commend the students of the Sun­ each country. generated rules. day school. Their hard work and determination As we all know, in a relatively short period More generally, for those who decry pros- · has made the Sunday School of the Church of time, these countries have step by step ad­ pects of a world trading system breaking down on the Hill a source of great pride for the sur­ vanced into the ranks of the world's developed into nothing more than regional trading blocs, rounding neighborhood and community. nations. The leadership in these nations rec­ it would be difficult to define United States-Tai­ Mr. Speaker, I call on all my colleagues in ognized early on that international trade was wan and United States-Korea FTA's as the the House of Representatives to join me in their only hope for long-term prosperity. As a cornerstones of any regional bloc. In fact, congratulating the Sunday School of the result, Taiwan and Korea now rank as two of such bilateral FT A's, combined with North Church on the Hill on the occasion of its 65th the largest trading nations in the world. American and Western Hemispheric free trade anniversary. While these countries still have barriers to areas, would help prod a slovenly GA TT into trade which need to be dismantled, we should getting off the dime and providing some real FRUITS AND VEGETABLES LEAD not lose sight of the significant steps they leadership in achieving true global trade liber­ THE WAY IN U.S. EXPORTS have already taken in terms of opening their alization, provided such a thing is even meant markets to goods, services, and investment to be. HON. ROBIN TALI.ON from the rest of the world. Negotiating free Last, for those nearsighted individuals who trade agreements with these countries would criticize bilateral and regional FTA's as the OF SOUTH CAROLINA clearly continue to help open their markets to underpinnings of an inward-looking and pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States firms, and provide these busi­ tectionist trade policy, they should consider Wednesday, March 4, 1992 nesses with sturdier footholds in the vital and that the Heritage Foundation and Citizens for Mr. TALLON. Mr. Speaker, after all the bad fast-growing East Asian and Pacific rim re­ a Sound Economy-two of the world of news we are used to hearing on the floor of gions. academia's staunchest advocates for free this House regarding our trade deficit, I take United States-Taiwan and United States­ trade-are fervent believers in the potential great pleasure in passing on some good Korea FT A's would also send a useful mes­ benefits of further FT A's, including with Asian news. According to the Foreign Agriculture sage to Japan that no longer is it the only partners. They believe in the merits of such Service of the USDA, for fiscal year 1991, the major economic player in the Asian region. accords because they expand opportunities for value of U.S. exports in fruits, vegetables, and More importantly, aside from being positive U.S. firms, light a much needed fire under the horticultural items broke a record: Over $6 bil­ trade-liberalizing initiatives, such trade accords GATT, help precipitate the type of trade liber­ lion for that period. That figure is up 17 per­ would boldly state that the United States is alization that successive rounds of GA TT talks cent over the figure for fiscal year 1990, and going to try a new approach to combating Ja­ have thus far failed to produce, and can en­ it means that these products rank as the No. pan's .protectionist policies. Given Taiwan's hance U.S. global competitiveness. 1 U.S. food export. and Korea's increasing economic might, and I urge my colleagues to support my legisla­ The message is taking hold around the the corresponding competitive threat such tion. world: Good health begins and ends with good might poses to Japan, United States-Taiwan nutrition, and this means consuming more and United States-Korea FTA's would prove fruits and vegetables. I believe this is only the invaluable leverage in future United States SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS beginning; the USDA tells us that the export commercial dealings with Japan. Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, agreed to figures are still climbing. Over a decade ago, when I first spoke pub­ by the Senate on February 4, 1977, calls for Fruits and vegetables are not program crops licly in support of a North American free trade establishment of a system for a computerized in the parlance of USDA. This means they do agreement and a Western Hemispheric trade schedule of all meetings and hearings of Sen- 4488 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 ate committees, subcommittees, joint commit­ to be Deputy Director of Central Intel­ MARCH 18 tees, and committees of conference. This title ligence. 9:30 a.m. requires all such committees to notify the Of­ SH-216 Commerce, Science, and Transportation fice of the Senate Daily Digest-designated by Science, Technology, and Space Sub­ the Rules Committee-of the time, place, and MARCHll committee purpose of the meetings, when scheduled, 9:30 a .m. To hold hearings to examine NASA's and any cancellations or changes in the meet­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation space station and launch issues. SR-253 ings as they occur. Communications Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 1101, to require Select on Indian Affairs As an additional procedure along with the the Federal Communications Commis­ To resume oversight hearings on the im­ computerization of this information, the Office sion (FCC) to prescribe standards for plementation of the Indian Gaming of the Senate Daily Digest will prepare this in­ AM stereo radio broadcasting, an FCC Regulatory Act (IGRA). formation for printing in the Extensions of Re­ rulemaking proposal relating to radio SH-216 marks section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ownership rules, and other related is- 10:00 a.m. Appropriations on Monday and Wednesday of each week. sues. SR-253 Treasury, Postal Service, General Govern­ Meetings scheduled for Thursday, March 5, 2:00 p.m. ment Subcommittee 1992, may be found in the Daily Digest of to­ Foreign Relations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ day's RECORD. To hold hearings to examine the situa­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ tion in the former Soviet Union. partment of the Treasury, and the Ex­ SD--419 ecutive Office of the President. MEETINGS SCHEDULED SD-116 MARCH12 MARCH6 MARCH 19 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. Rules and Administration 9:30 a.m. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Appropriations Agricultural Research and General Legis­ To hold hearings on S. 523, to establish VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ lation Subcommittee the National African-American Memo­ committee To hold hearings on the alternative uses rial Museum within the Smithsonian To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ of agricultural commodities, focusing Institution. timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Na­ on impediments to commercialization. SR-301 tional Science Foundation, and the Of­ SR-332 Small Business fice of Science Technology Policy. Joint Economic To hold hearings on the President's pro­ SD-124 To hold hearings on the employment-un­ posed budget request for fiscal year Energy and Natural Resources employment situation for February. 1993 for the Small Business Adminis­ Public Lands, National Parks and Forests SD-628 tration, and on proposed legislation au­ Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. thorizing funds for the fiscal year 1992 To hold hearings on S. 684, to strengthen Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs supplemental budget request. the preservation of the Nation's his­ Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee SR-428A toric heritage and resources. To hold hearings to examine the state of 10:30 a.m. SD-366 affordable housing in the United Rules and Administration 10:00 a.m. States. To hold hearings on S.J. Res. 259, provid­ Appropriations SD-538 ing for the appointment of Barber B. Commerce, Justice, State, and Judiciary Finance Conable, Jr. as a citizen regent of the Subcommittee International Trade Subcommittee Board of Regents of the Smithsonian To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on intellectual property Institution. timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ rights protection and the "Special 301" SR-301 partment of Justice. provisions of the 1988 Trade Act. 11:00 a.m. S-146, Capitol SD-215 Rules and Administration Appropriations 2:00 p.m. To hold hearings on proposed legislation Transportation Subcommittee Foreign Relations authorizing funds for fiscal years 1993 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To resume hearings to examine United through 1997 for the American Folklife timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed­ States policy toward Indonesia, focus­ Center of the Library of Congress. eral Highway Administration, Depart­ ing on human rights violations in East SR-301 ment of Transportation. Timor as a result of Indonesia's occu­ 2:00 p.m. SD-138 pation. Select on Intelligence SD--419 To resume hearings on S. 2198, to reorga­ MARCH20 nize the United States intelligence MARCH 10 10:00 a.m. community to provide for the improved Appropriations 9:30 a.m. management and execution of United Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ Labor and Human Resources States intelligence activities. committee Children, Family, Drugs, and Alcoholism SD-G50 Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ To resume hearings to examine the eco­ MARCH 17 nomic and demographic changes that partment of Agriculture, focusing on will affect the workforce of the 21st 9:30 a.m. the Farmers Home Administration, the century, focusing on partnerships that Commerce, Science, and Transportation Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, stimulate cooperation between busi­ Science, Technology, and Space Sub­ the Rural Electrification Administra­ ness and government and make an in­ committee tion, and the Rural Development Ad­ vestment in children and youth to cre­ To hold hearings to examine an overview ministration. ate a better prepared and educated of NASA's budget for fiscal year 1993. SD-138 workforce. SR-253 SD--430 10:00 a.m. MARCH25 10:00 a.m. Appropriations 9:30 a.m. Foreign Relations Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ Appropriations To resume hearings on strategic nuclear committee VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ reduction in a post-cold war world, fo- To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ committee cusing on succession issues. timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD--419 partment of Agriculture, focusing on timates for fiscal year 1993 for the 2:30 p.m. the Food and Nutrition Service, and Neighborhood Reinvestment Corpora­ Select on Intelligence the Human Nutrition Information tion, and the National Credit Union To hold hearings on the nomination of Service. Administration. Vice Adm. William 0. Studeman, USN, SD-138 SD-116 March 4, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4489 Select on Indian Affairs Appropriations 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on S. 1752, to provide Treasury, Postal Service, General Govern­ Appropriations for the development, enhancement, and ment Subcommittee Treasury, Postal Service, General Govern­ recognition of Indian tribal courts. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ ment Subcommittee SR-485 timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Of­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ 10:00 a .m. fice of National Drug Control Policy, timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Of­ Appropriations and the U.S. Secret Service, Depart­ fice of Management and Budget, the Of­ Commerce, Justice, State, and Judiciary ment of the Treasury. fice of Personnel Management, and the Subcommittee SD-116 Executive Residence. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-116 timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed­ APRIL 2 eral Communications Commission, and 9:30 a.m. APRIL9 the Secµri ties and Exchange Commis- Appropriations 9:30 a.m. sion. VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Appropriations S-146, Capitol committee VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ committee Transportation Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ eral Deposit Insurance Corporation, timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Na­ timates for fiscal year 1992 for the Na­ and the Resolution Trust Corporation. tional Aeronautics and Space Adminis­ tional Highway Traffic Safety Admin­ SD-116 tration. istration, and the Research and Special 10:00 a.m. SD-GSO Programs Administration, both of the Appropriations 10:00 a.m. Department of Transportation. Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations SD-138 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Commerce, Justice, State, and Judiciary Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Na­ Subcommittee Treasury, Postal Service, General Govern­ tional Transportation Safety Board. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ ment Subcommittee SD-138 timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Na­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the In­ APRIL 3 ministration, and the Small Business ternal Revenue Service, Department of 10:00 a.m. Administration. the Treasury, and the U.S. Postal Serv- Appropriations S-146, Capitol ice. Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ Appropriations SD- 116 committee Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ MARCH26 timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for Amtrak, 9:30 a.m. partment of Agriculture, focusing on and the Federal Railroad Administra­ Appropriations the Agricultural Stabilization and Con­ tion, Department of Transportation. VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ servation Service, the Foreign Agricul­ SD-138 committee tural Service, the General Sales Man­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ ager, and the Soil Conservation Serv- APRIL 29 timates for fiscal year 1993 for the En­ ice. 10:00 a.m. vironmental Protection Agency, and SD-138 Appropriations the Council on Environmental Quality. Commerce, Justice, State, and Judiciary SD-GSO APRIL 7 Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Consumer Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1993 for the U.S. To hold hearings on S. 664, to require Information Agency, and the Board for that health warnings be included in al­ Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ International Broadcasting. coholic beverage advertisements. committee S-146, Capitol SR-253 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ APRIL 30 MARCH27 partment of Agriculture, focusing on the Commodity Futures Trading Com­ 9:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. mission, the Food and Drug Adminis­ Appropriations Appropriations tration, the Farm Credit Administra­ VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Agriculture and Related Agencies Sub­ tion, and the Farm Credit System As­ committee committee sistance Board. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-138 timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ Appropriations partment of Housing and Urban Devel­ partment of Agriculture, focusing on Commerce, Justice, State, and Judiciary opment. the Animal and Plant Inspection Serv­ SD-GSO Subcommittee ice, the Food Safety and Inspection 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Service, and the Agricultural Market­ Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed­ ing Service. Transportation Subcommittee eral Bureau of Investigation, and the SD-138 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Drug Enforcement Administration, De­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed­ APRIL 1 partment of Justice. eral Transit Agency, and the Washing­ S-146, Capitol 9:30 a.m. ton Metropolitan Area Transit Author­ ity. Select on Indian Affairs APRIL 8 To hold hearings on proposed legislation SD-138 to authorize funds for programs of the 9:30 a.m. Indian Health Care Improvement Act. Veterans' Affairs MAY7 SR-485 To hold joint hearings with the House 9:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. Committee on Veterans' Affairs to re­ Appropriations Appropriations view the legislative recommendations VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Commerce, Justice, State. and Judiciary of the AMVETs, American Ex-POWs, committee Subcommittee Jewish War Veterans, Non- Commis­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ sioned Officers Association, National timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ Association for Uniformed Services, partment of Veterans Affairs, and the partment of Commerce. and Society of Military Widows. Court of Veterans Affairs. S-146, Capitol SD-106 SD-124 4490 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 4, 1992 10:00 a.m. eral Aviation Administration, Depart­ MAY22 Appropriations ment of Transportation. 9:30 a.m. Transportation Subcommittee SD-138 Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ timates for fiscal year 1993 for the U.S. MAY21 committee Coast Guard, Department of Transpor­ 9:30 a.m. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ tation. Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1993 for the De­ SD-138 VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ partment of Housing and Urban Devel­ committee opment and certain related agencies. MAY14 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-138 9:30 a.m. timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Na­ Appropriations tional Community Service, and the CANCELLATIONS VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Sub­ Points of Light Foundation. committee SD-116 MARCH5 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ 10:00 a.m. timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed­ Appropriations 2:00 p.m. eral Emergency Management Agency. Transportation Subcommittee Select on Intelligence SD-124 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on the nomination of 10:00 a.m. Vice Adm. William 0. Studeman, U.S. Appropriations timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Gen­ Navy, to be Deputy Director of Central Transportation Subcommittee eral Accounting Office. Intelligence, and to have the rank of To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-138 Admiral while so serving. timates for fiscal year 1993 for the Fed- SH-216