VOLUME 10, ISSUE 3 ■ MARCH 2018
HEDGE FUND SPOTLIGHT
KNOW YOUR INVESTOR IN THIS ISSUE
It is undeniably important for fund managers to understand how to tailor an approach to different types of investors, each with different preferences. This article details the investor types currently active in hedge funds, as well as their interests in and expectations of FEATURE the asset class. Know Your Investor 3 Find out more on page 3 INDUSTRY NEWS 9
THE FACTS ■ Performance 10 Benchmarks FUND SEARCHES AND MANDATES ■ Fund Searches 12 and Mandates ■ Fund Terms and 14 Using data from Preqin's online platform, we break down recent fund searches by investor type and Conditions location, and look at the most common fund searches ■ Activist Funds 16 issued so far this year. ■ Top Performing 18 Hedge Funds Find out more on page 12
CONFERENCES 20
PREQIN RECENTLY RELEASED: INVESTOR OUTLOOK: ALTERNATIVE ASSETS H1 2018
Private Equity ■ Venture Capital ■ Hedge Funds ■ Real Estate Infrastructure ■ Private Debt ■ Natural Resources PREQIN INVESTOR OUTLOOK: ALTERNATIVE ASSETS, H1 2018 All data in this newsletter can be downloaded to Excel for free Download Your Copy
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Using data from Preqin's online platform, we detail the preferences and interests of each different investor type active in hedge funds to fully understand how to approach investors in 2018.
5,287 $2.06tn 45% Number of hedge fund investors Amount of capital invested in hedge of institutional investors allocate tracked by Preqin. funds by institutional investors. to hedge funds.
reqin estimates that institutional the umbrella of “institutional investor” PROPORTION OF HEDGE FUND INDUSTRY investors allocate $2.06tn to hedge fall many different types of institutions CAPITAL COMING FROM INSTITUTIONAL P INVESTORS funds, approximately 58% of all capital with different sets of challenges and 65% invested in the industry today. In capital portfolio needs that hedge funds help to 61% 63% 62% 60% 58% 58% terms this is the highest level Preqin has solve. Therefore, gaining insight into the recorded; however, the level has fallen differences between types of investors – proportionally from highs in 2013 as both on a macro level and an individual institutional inflows have slowed in a basis – is an important step towards period of growing appetite from private securing capital from these investors. sources of wealth and retail clients. Nevertheless, gaining interest from In this section we examine these allocators institutional investors, with their long-term in more detail, based on data taken from investment horizons and “sticky” capital, Preqin’s online platform, to help you can be vital to the long-term development understand the needs of institutions in
of a hedge fund business. However, under 2018 and really “Know Your Investor”. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
PUBLIC PENSION FUNDS
474 51% $21.0bn public pension funds invest in hedge of public pension funds actively invest Largest allocation to hedge funds of funds globally. in hedge funds. any public pension fund investor – ABP (managed by APG – All Pensions Group).
Public pension funds have become of public retirement funds from investment their first investments in the asset class, prominent investors in hedge funds over in hedge funds is landing firmly on the particularly as new regions open up to the past decade and their actions and side of public pension funds remaining the possibility of hedge fund investment. activity in the asset class have helped committed to hedge fund investment Recent relaxation of regulations in South shaped the industry we see today. There long term. Today we see more public Korea, for instance, has led to investors has been much focus on these investors pension funds investing in hedge funds such as National Pension Service making in recent years following the cuts made to than ever before, collectively investing their first investments; others including hedge fund investments by CalPERS and their largest sum of capital on record. Yellow Umbrella Mutual Aid Fund have a handful of other high-profile pension Much of the increase in capital coming begun to consider investment for the first funds. However, the “will they – won’t from public pension funds continues time. Although the average allocation to they?” debate around the wider mass exit to be driven by new schemes making hedge funds by public pension funds has
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remained stable since 2016 (at 7.9% of a combined direct and multi-manager pension funds were also looking for more assets under management [AUM], Fig. 5), portfolio. In 2016, 49% of public pension liquidity from their hedge fund portfolios we have noted broader changes to their funds invested solely in funds of hedge in 2017 than in 2016: the mean maximum investment portfolios. Public pension funds funds, and 28% in both funds of hedge lock-up period accepted in 2016 was 22 continue to move away from a complete funds and directly; in 2017 this changed to months; this fell to 20 months in 2017 (Fig. fund of hedge funds approach towards 47% and 31% respectively (Fig. 6). Public 3).
PRIVATE SECTOR PENSION FUNDS
776 50% $11.0bn private sector pension funds invest in of private sector pension funds actively Largest allocation to hedge funds hedge funds globally. invest in hedge funds. of any private sector pension fund investor – General Motors Investment Management Corporation.
Private sector pension funds account for a decrease in the average allocation of 6). The remainder are split almost evenly in 19% of all capital invested in hedge funds private sector pension funds since we their approach to hedge fund investment by institutional investors, making them the began tracking this data in 2007. between direct investment only (32%) second leading institutional capital source and funds of hedge funds only (30%). In behind their public sector equivalents (Fig. Although there has been a slight reduction comparison to public pension funds, more 2). However, unlike public pension funds, in the average allocation of private private sector pension funds invest capital their average allocation to hedge funds sector pension funds, we have not seen directly in hedge funds; correspondingly, has decreased over the past 12 months. As any changes to the average make-up of they also seek higher returns. On average, at December 2017, private sector pension their portfolios in relation to the types of a private sector pension fund seeks returns funds invest an average of 11.0% of their products they use. The largest proportion of 6.5%; in contrast, public pension funds portfolios in hedge funds, compared to (38%) of private sector pension funds look for hedge funds to return 5.6% on an 11.3% in December 2016 (Fig. 5). In fact, allocate to hedge funds via both direct annualized basis (Fig. 4). this is the first time that we have noted investment and funds of hedge funds (Fig.
SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS
24 34% $62.1bn sovereign wealth funds invest in hedge of sovereign wealth funds actively Largest allocation to hedge funds of funds globally. invest in hedge funds. any sovereign wealth fund investor – Abu Dhabi Investment Authority.
Small in number, but mighty in influence, uncommon, with just over one-third course of 2017. As at December 2017, the sovereign wealth funds are a vital part allocating capital to the asset class. In average sovereign wealth fund invests 8.2% of the institutional investor landscape comparison, 56% of sovereign wealth funds of its assets in hedge funds, compared to in the hedge fund industry. This group invest in real estate. Given the size of the 7.0% at the same time in 2016 (Fig. 5). of 24 represents 10% of all institutional sovereign wealth fund sector, even a small capital invested in hedge funds (Fig. 2), a number making their first investments in The average sovereign wealth fund has proportion equal to endowment plans, of or increasing their allocations to hedge been investing in the asset class for 13 which there are over 25x more in number funds would amount to a notable increase years; however, given the size of sovereign investing in hedge funds. in capital available to fund managers. wealth funds and the complexity of their portfolios, the majority of this group prefer Investment in hedge funds among Sovereign wealth funds have, on average, to outsource at least some of the fund sovereign wealth funds is relatively increased their portfolio exposure over the selection duties to funds of hedge funds.
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Sixty-five percent will consider both funds Sovereign wealth funds offer the potential premium, sovereign wealth funds target of funds and direct investment, while to be long-term partners with hedge funds; lower returns than other institutional 10% invest solely in funds of hedge funds they will consider funds with a longer lock- investor types (Fig. 4). This indicates that (Fig. 6). However, we have seen a growing up than the typical institutional hedge fund this group accesses the asset class for proportion of sovereign wealth funds investor, with a mean maximum lock-up diversification and a source of alpha with access the asset class solely through direct period of 33 months (Fig. 3), four months low volatility over long periods, rather than investment: in 2016, 19% of funds allocated longer than endowment plans’ 29 months. just for high returns. solely through single-manager funds, but in Despite their tolerance for more illiquid 2017, this rose to 25%. strategies, which can offer a performance
ENDOWMENT PLANS
602 83% $11.0bn endowment plans invest in hedge of endowment plans actively invest Largest allocation to hedge funds funds globally. in hedge funds. of any endowment plan investor – University of Texas Investment Management Company.
Endowment plans were among the Endowment plans have amassed a sizeable The nature of endowment plans, which earliest adopters of hedge funds as part exposure to hedge funds, with an average are often able to adopt strategic, stable of a diversified portfolio, and have led the of 19.2% of total assets invested in hedge portfolios with less need for drawdowns way in multi-asset-class investing. Today, funds as at December 2017, a small during periods of market volatility, allows 83% of endowment plans allocate capital increase from 19.0% at the same time in them to accept longer lock-up periods than to hedge funds; this group accounts for 2016 (Fig. 5). In fact, this group has typically many investors (Fig. 3). In turn, they tend 10% of the institutional capital invested in invested between 18.5% and 20% of their to have relatively high return expectations hedge funds (Fig. 2). It is largely schemes portfolios in hedge funds since 2008, and (Fig. 4), and are willing to lock up capital for linked to US institutions that make up the have therefore rebalanced their portfolios longer provided the quality of the returns endowment universe today: 93% of active over 2017, on average, in favour of a compensates for such illiquidity. endowment plans are based in the US. higher preferred exposure. As seasoned It is these US plans – notably institutions investors in the hedge fund space, with like Harvard and Yale – that have paved larger portions of their portfolios dedicated the way through their large-scale use of to investment in the asset class, a larger alternative assets for other institutional proportion (37%) of this group favour investors to begin allocating capital to direct investment in funds compared to hedge funds. most other types of institutional investors (Fig. 6).
FOUNDATIONS
956 66% $4.6bn foundations invest in hedge funds of foundations actively invest in hedge Largest allocation to hedge funds of globally. funds. any foundation investor – Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Nearly two-thirds of foundations allocate the asset class (Fig. 2). Although their over the last several years, from 15.6% capital to the hedge fund space. This relative contribution in monetary terms of total assets in 2013 to 18.9% in 2017, group accounts for 18% of investors in is smaller than their prominence in an allocation lower only than that of hedge funds by number (Fig. 1), yet only number, foundations have been growing endowment plans (Fig. 5). 10% of institutional capital invested in their average exposure to hedge funds
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Foundations represent a variety of foundation will have its own needs from exposure (by 40% of investors) is a institutions that use hedge funds to help hedge funds driven by its own particular combination of funds of hedge funds and protect assets for many different pursuits, aims and requirements for its portfolio. direct investment (Fig. 6). However, 35% including funding scientific research, As a result, foundations are split in their and 25% will just invest directly in hedge providing health services or funding approach to investment in hedge funds. funds or solely in funds of hedge funds religious or charitable endeavours. Each The most favoured route to hedge fund respectively.
INSURANCE COMPANIES
187 29% $9.2bn insurance companies invest in hedge of insurance companies actively invest Largest allocation to hedge funds funds globally. in hedge funds. of any insurance company investor – Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company.
Insurance companies allocate the smallest participation in hedge funds compared Insurance companies seek higher levels proportion of their portfolios to hedge to many other groups of institutional of liquidity in comparison to some other funds of all institutional investor groups investors: just 29% of insurance companies groups of institutions, accepting lock-up discussed in this section. However, this has have current investments in hedge funds. periods of no longer than 20 months, on increased over 2017: as at December 2016, average (Fig. 3). Despite this, they also have the average insurance company invested Even though insurance companies have relatively high return demands, seeking 3.0% of its assets in hedge funds – this relatively small allocations to hedge funds, an average annualized return of 6.8% has grown to 3.6% as at December 2017 in terms of the proportion of total assets (Fig. 4). In order to achieve these higher (Fig. 5). This is the greatest exposure we invested in the sector, this can translate to returns, almost half (46%) of insurance have recorded since 2011, when insurance relatively large amounts in terms of capital. companies allocate to hedge funds via companies invested an average of 3.8% of Insurance companies represent 4% of all direct investments only (Fig. 6). their AUM in the asset class. In addition to institutional investors active in hedge funds being relatively small investors, insurance by number (Fig. 1) and 7% of institutional companies also have a lower rate of capital invested (Fig. 2).
OUTLOOK
Hedge funds have become an important sovereign wealth funds, endowment plans, There are clear differences in the appetite part of the portfolios of many institutional foundations and insurance companies for hedge funds between the groups of investors. Currently, nearly 5,300 – has been instrumental in shaping the investors tracked by Preqin, as our analysis institutions allocate capital to the asset industry we see today. And the industry shows. In addition to this, each of the class, a number we have seen grow will continue to evolve as this influential investors tracked by Preqin will have its significantly over the past decade, as group of institutions grows, both in terms own individual needs and requirements. investors sought out hedge funds following of the size of their portfolios as well as in Therefore, with institutions’ needs the GFC in an extended low interest rate investment sophistication. For instance, continuing to change and appetite for the environment. Today, the hedge fund we see the increasing appetite for new asset class returning, it is more important industry has more than $3.55tn in AUM, strategies and changing needs leading than ever for fund managers to truly know and allocations from institutional investors to innovations in the hedge fund space, their investors. combined represent 58% of these assets. resulting in products such as alternative Therefore, the influx of capital from risk premia gaining attention. institutions – such as pension funds,
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KNOW YOUR INVESTOR: DATA BANK
Fig. 2: Institutional Investor Capital Invested in Hedge Funds by Fig. 1: Hedge Fund Investors by Investor Type Investor Type* Foundation Public Pension Fund ri ate Sector en ion Private Sector Pension Fund 3% 3% 2 Fund 18 7% Fund o Hedge Fund 22% Sovereign Wealth Fund Manager ndo ent lan 7% Endowment Plan