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Redalyc.Ciclo De Vida De Anasa Litigiosa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae)

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Redalyc.Ciclo De Vida De Anasa Litigiosa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Chacón-López, Adriana; Briceño-Baez, Marcela; Cervantes-Peredo, Luis Ciclo de vida de Anasa litigiosa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 83, núm. 2, 2012, pp. 432-436 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42523421014 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 83: 432-436, 2012 Ciclo de vida de Anasa litigiosa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) Life cycle of Anasa litigiosa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) Adriana Chacón-López, Marcela Briceño-Baez y Luis Cervantes-Peredo 1Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, México. [email protected] Resumen. El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio del ciclo de vida de Anasa litigiosa Stål. Se recolectaron ejemplares adultos de esta especie que se encontraban sobre plantas de chayote y fueron cultivados en el laboratorio utilizando hojas, tallos y frutos de la misma planta. Se describen e ilustran en detalle todos los estadios de vida, incluyendo notas sobre su biología. Anasa litigiosa se ha recolectado sobre bromeliáceas y cucurbitáceas y es una plaga importante de estas últimas. Palabras claves: cucurbitáceas, chinches. Abstract. The aim of this work was the study of the life cycle of Anasa litigiosa Stål. Adults were collected on chayote and they were reared in laboratory using leaves, stems and fruits of chayote. Descriptions and illustrations of all instars of, and notes on its biology are included. This species has been collected in bromeliads and on cucurbits, it is an important pest of cucurbits in Mexico. Key words: cucurbits, bugs. Introducción De todas las especies de Anasa, sólo unas 8 están con- sideradas plaga. En general, puede decirse que los adultos El género Anasa está integrado por 72 especies con emergen de sus sitios de hibernación, copulan y ponen sus distribución neártica y neotropical (Brailovsky, 1985, huevos sobre las plantas hospederas. Pasan por etapa de 2008; Brailovsky et al., 1998; Brailovsky y Barrera, 2009). huevo y 5 estadios ninfales. Se sabe que la duración de A. El género goza de una gran plasticidad, lo que le permite tristis desde huevo hasta adulto es de 24 a 29 días (Schae- asociarse a zonas que han sido gravemente alteradas por fer y Panizzi, 2000), en tanto que A. ruficornis tiene una el hombre o vivir en hábitats permanentes, como bosques duración mucho mayor, cerca de 85 días (Brailovsky et al., subtropicales y templados. Hace más de 120 años que 1998). se le ha asociado con problemas agrícolas severos, con- En el presente trabajo se describen e ilustran en detalle siderándolo una plaga importante de cucurbitáceas. En todos los estadios de A. litigiosa y se incluyen notas acerca México se han detectado 5 especies: A. andresii (Guerin), de su biología, sus plantas hospederas y distribución en A. litigiosa Stål, A. maculipes Stål, A. tristis (De Geer) y México. A. uhleri Stål (Brailovsky, 1985), que atacan calabazas y otras cucurbitáceas. Material y métodos Los trabajos referentes a la biología de Anasa, se limitan a algunas especies, como A. tristis (De Geer), A. El sitio de estudio está localizado en el municipio de ruficornis Stål y datos aislados respecto a A. armigera Tlalnelhuayocan, Veracruz, en un área denominada Agüita (Say), A. scorbutica (Fabricius) y A. repetita Heidemann Fría, cerca de la comunidad de Rancho Viejo, ubicado en (Baranowski y Slater, 1986; Brailovsky, 1985; Brailovsky las coordenadas 19°31’19” N, 96°59’27” O, a 1 400 m et al., 1998; Schuh y Slater, 1995). Anasa tristis que se snm. La vegetación de la zona es predominantemente de considera la plaga más importante en el continente ameri- bosque mesófilo. cano se distribuye desde Canadá hasta Brasil (Schaefer y Se realizaron 2 recolecciones, una en junio y otra en Panizzi, 2000). agosto, en el año 2010. En la primera se recolectaron adul- tos de coreidos para reproducir en laboratorio; en la segunda se recolectaron ninfas de segundo a quinto estadio. Todos los individuos estudiados se encontraron sobre una chayo- Recibido: 16 marzo 2011; 01 octubre 2011 tera. Para su transporte y mantenimiento en laboratorio se Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 83: 432-436, 2012 433 colocaron en contenedores de plástico (9×8 cm), provistos nes aisladas en la región mesial del vientre abdominal. cada uno con tallos, hojas o frutos de chayote y un algodón Rostro alcanzando metacoxas. Cuerpo cubierto de nume- humedecido. Diariamente se revisaron los contenedores y rosas sedas, más largas en antenas y patas. se registró la presencia de huevos, eclosión, muda o muerte Medidas (n= 10). Cabeza. Longitud total: 0.80 ± 0.09; de los ejemplares y cada 3 días se renovó el alimento y el anchura a través de los ojos: 0.73 ± 0.03; distancia inte- algodón. Con ayuda de una cámara clara se realizaron dibu- rocular: 0.48 ± 0.03. Longitud de los artejos antenales: I, jos de cada estadio; en las descripciones se dan las medidas 1.10 ± 1.72; II, 0.67 ± 0.04; III, 0.83 ± 0.05; IV, 0.56 ± en milímetros. El ciclo de vida se siguió en el laboratorio 0.04. Artejos rostrales: I, 0.48 ± 0.12; II, 0.47 ± 0.11; III, a temperatura ambiente. Los ejemplares estudiados se 0.22 ± 0.02; IV, 0.47 ± 0.13. Pronoto. Longitud total: 0.44 depositaron en la Colección Entomológica del Instituto de ± 0.16; anchura a través de los ángulos frontales: 0.62 Ecología, A.C. (IEXA) en Xalapa, Veracruz. ± 0.14; anchura a través de los ángulos humerales: 0.77 ± 0.06. Pata posterior: fémur: 1.06 ± 0.14; tibia: 1.24 ± Descripción 0.08; tarso I: 0.26 ± 0.03; tarso II: 0.33 ± 0.32. Longitud total del cuerpo: 3.70 ± 0.30. Anasa litigiosa Stål (Figs.1-7) Tercer estadio (Fig. 4). Piriforme, con la anchura máxima Huevo (Fig. 1). Tiene la forma de una pequeña semilla a través del segmento abdominal III. Cabeza, tórax, con 3 lados; 2 ligeramente convexos y el otro recto, de abdomen y patas amarillo pálido con tonalidades ver- color ámbar al depositarse y pasados 7 días aparecen unas dosas. Cabeza y tórax con puntuaciones pardas, escasas manchas rojizas, que son las antenas y ojos. De 1.57 mm y casi siempre sobre sus márgenes; metanoto con 2 ± 0.6 de largo por 1.30 mm ± 0.7 de ancho. manchas pardo obscuro situadas a cada lado de la línea Primer estadio (Fig. 2). Alargado, ligeramente ensan- media. Puntuaciones del abdomen abundantes y de color chado abdominalmente. Cabeza y tórax con los márgenes pardo rojizo. Ojos rojizos, antenas pardo obscuro, artejo laterales pardo claro, las áreas medias amarillo pálido. IV ligeramente más claro y con tonalidades rojizas; ros- Ojos, antenas, fémures y tibias pardo rojizo. Rostro y tro amarillo pálido. Parte mesial del vientre del tórax y tarsos pardo claro. Abdomen con los márgenes laterales abdomen sin puntuaciones y de color amarillo verdoso. rojizos y el área central amarillo pálido. Cicatrices de las Cicatrices de las glándulas senescentes entre los segmen- glándulas senescentes cuadrangulares y de color rojizo tos III-IV y IV-V sólo con los márgenes pardo obscuro, situadas entre los segmentos III-IV y IV-V. el resto amarillo pálido. Margen de los segmentos abdo- Cuerpo cubierto por numerosas sedas, las de las antenas, minales con 2 pequeñas manchas pardo obscuro, la más patas y márgenes del cuerpo más largas. Rostro llegando basal ligeramente mayor. Rostro alcanzando el mesonoto. al mesonoto. Medidas (n= 10). Cabeza. Longitud total: Márgenes laterales del pro- y mesonoto y el abdomen sólo 0.70 ± 0.03; anchura a través de los ojos: 0.66 ± 0.01; con puntuaciones marginales. Medidas (n= 9). Cabeza. distancia interocular: 0.44 ± 0.03. Longitud de los artejos Longitud total: 0.96 ± 0.11; anchura a través de los ojos: antenales: I, 0.40 ± 0.10; II, 0.39 ± 0.05; III, 0.48 ± 0.04; 0.94 ± 0.04; distancia interocular: 0.59 ± 0.03. Longitud IV, 0.49 ± 0.02. Artejos rostrales: I, 0.29 ± 0.03; II, 0.25 de los artejos antenales: I, 0.77 ± 0.05; II, 0.96 ± 0.04; ± 0.03; III, 0.13 ± 0.01; IV, 0.33 ± 0.03. Pronoto. Lon- III, 1.08 ± 0.04; IV, 0.79 ± 0.05. Artejos rostrales: I, 0.61 gitud total: 0.51 ± 0.08; anchura a través de los ángulos ± 0.06; II, 0.59 ± 0.03; III, 0.27 ± 0.02; IV, 0.53 ± 0.04. frontales: 0.77 ± 0.06; anchura a través de los ángulos Pronoto. Longitud total: 0.64 ± 0.27; anchura a través de humerales: 0.93 ± 0.11. Pata posterior: fémur: 0.78 ± los ángulos frontales: 0.95 ± 0.13; anchura a través de los 0.07; tibia: 0.83 ± 0.03; tarso I: 0.23 ± 0.03; tarso II: 0.28 ángulos humerales: 1.33 ± 0.15. Pata posterior: fémur: ± 0.04. Longitud total del cuerpo: 2.72 ± 0.14. 1.51 ± 0.12; tibia: 1.79 ± 0.15; tarso I: 0.35 ± 0.06; tarso Segundo estadio (Fig. 3). Ligeramente piriforme, con la II: 0.41 ± 0.03. Longitud total del cuerpo: 5.45 ± 0.96. anchura máxima a través del segmento abdominal III. Cuarto estadio (Fig.
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