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Provence-Alpes-Côte D'azur, France SYNTHESIS

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Provence-Alpes-Côte D'azur, France SYNTHESIS Digital territories in PACA: getting local partnerships 'in the loop' Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, France SYNTHESIS Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) is a French region whose various sub-regions are markedly different from a number of points of view (topographical, demographic, economic, etc.). In the French context, local areas can be classified as a ‘pays’1, a voluntary governance structure for a specific local area grouping: municipal and local authorities, local development organisations, natural parks, etc. The concept of 'territories' is relatively recent in France. The Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Council understood early (thanks to its Regional Innovative Action Programme co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund which terminated at the end of 2005) that the building up of the region's 'territories' could be supported through developing digital solutions that, improve local communications, on the one hand, and help these local partnerships gain credibility as a new sub-regional force for action, on the other. As the manager of a global subsidy from the ERDF in the framework of the Objective 2 programme during 2000-2006, the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Council created a ‘Digital Territories – Usage and Services’ and ‘Alternative Local Loops2 Infrastructures’ framework programme aimed at developing digital systems at the regional level, based on the action of the 'territories'. This framework programme launched calls for projects relating to ‘Digital Territories’ or ‘Alternative Local Loops’ or both types of actions combined. Eighty-four projects in total were selected between July 2004 and July 2006. To be selected, these projects had to fit into the global strategy and offer a credible plan of action as well as self-finance at least 20% of the total amount. To facilitate the emergence of quality projects, the Regional Council offered the sponsors methodological, technical, legal and financial support provided by consultants acting as assistants to the contracting authority during the preparation and implementation phases. Of the 84 projects supported, 42 were Digital Territories projects and 42 were Alternative Local Loops projects, which were supplemented by six projects outside the Objective 2 zone and therefore without financing from the ERDF. The supported projects were eligible for financing up to a total maximum budget of €125,000, which is generally sufficient for the size and nature of the projects. The co-financing can cover up to 80% of the eligible spending in the ERDF Objective 2 zones (ERDF 50% and 30% from the Regional Council and/or the State) and 30% (Regional Council only) for territories non-eligible for Objective 2. In the latter case only strategic diagnostic studies and the development of a ‘local plan for the digital development of the territory’ were funded. As an example, the programme 1 Literally translated 'pays' means country, but in the French local development concept it stands for a micro- or small- region normally one that is naturally defined (e.g. a valley, or a region with specific rural characteristics) as opposed to one that is defined by legally recognised administrative boundaries. 2 In telephony, the local loop (also referred to as a subscriber line) is the physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the carrier, or telecommunications service provider, network. financed e-tourism projects, geographical information systems (GIS) or e-culture projects under the Digital Territory actions as well as WIFI or powerline communications projects for the Digital Local Loops actions. The approach made it possible to provide a global framework while offering flexibility of design and implementation. The choice of a framework programme that set the main orientations (top down) in tandem with calls for applications (bottom up) allowed the emergence of projects suited to the territories’ situation. Secondly, the possibility of working either on the development of uses and services (Digital Territories) or on broadband Internet telecommunication infrastructure (Alternative Local Loops) separately or jointly offered the required flexibility to allow the territories’ elected representatives and technical experts to better understand and adapt the programme’s goals to their needs. The enthusiasm generated led to an over-run by 19% of the initially planned budget (€8,840,000) to a figure of €10,530,435. The supported projects were not innovative per se; in contrast, the method itself was innovative, especially as some actors who usually intervene later in the process were invited to participate in the communication actions very early. This was the case with the financial audit body, but also with the paying authority to a lesser degree. This method became considered as a good practice during the programme, and it was rapidly adopted in zones outside the ERDF Objective 2 and even in some municipalities in Rhône-Alpes (a bordering region) as well as in other French regions (Rhône-Alpes and Nord-Pas-de-Calais). Background information Country: France Region: PACA (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) Project title: Digital Territories and Alternative Local Loops Key words: information society, local development Duration of project: July 2004 – December 2006 Funding: total budget €8,840,000 ERDF contribution €4,240,000 national budget €576,000 regional budget €1,650,000 private contribution €385,000 other counterparts €1,629,000 ERDF objective: Objective 2 2 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Digital Territories and Alternative Local Loops framework programme was set up based on the mid-term review of the ERDF Objective 2 programme, thanks to experimental actions co-financed by the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region and the ERDF in the context of the Regional Innovative Action Programme (2002-2005). As PACA, like other regions in France, was quite late in implementing the mainstream Objective 2 programme, it was possible to design and launch these new measures in the context of strategic axes of the revised programme, namely two measures: ‘favour the development of broadband services throughout the territory’; and ‘build digital territories projects'.. The management authorities for the Alternative Local Loops and Digital Territories programmes are the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Council, the manager of the global subsidy of the ERDF programme and the State representative (Prefecture of the PACA Region). In the framework of these initiatives, they opted to entrust local actors with the task of defining, proposing and implementing the actions which appeared the most appropriate to them while offering them methodological, administrative, financial and legal support in the form of the availability of consultants who played the role of assistants to the contracting authority. The budgets allocated to the Alternative Local Loop and Digital Territories programme were €5m and €3.84m respectively. This framework programme has allowed the emergence of consistent but diversified initiatives depending on needs, and the choices and situations of the territories, which are generally set up as ‘pays’. The concept of a ‘pays’ is a recent creation in France (end of the 1990s). These facilitating structures, which are most frequently established as an association under the law of 1901 (non-profit making organisations) bring together the elected representatives and economic, social, cultural or associative actors in a partnership that reflects on the territorial development to be undertaken (but which does not make any official decision). The 'pays' issue opinions and proposals and support bottom-up projects. The decisions to act or not to act depend on the communes or inter-communal authorities. A ‘Pays charter’ is normally adopted which make it possible to determine the key issues and goals of the pays. Finally, a Pays contract can be signed between the pays, the group of local authorities, department, region or the State when the key issues are clearly identified. To illustrate the concept of a pays, the example of the 'Pays de Haute Provence' can be used, this 'pays' brings together 44 communes in six inter-communal bodies, plus five isolated communes, and covers a surface area of 60,000 ha. In Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, the pays are looking for legitimacy, credibility and practical action plans. This is why the calls for applications led to a positive and rapid response. Eighty-four projects in total were selected and financed by 31 December 2006 (42 Alternative Local Loops and 42 Digital Territories: 80% of the latter benefited from help from the contracting authority assistants), which were supplemented by six Digital Territories projects outside the Objective 2 zone. The latter therefore did not receive support from the ERDF, but demonstrated the interest of the framework programme initiative and the method used. Initially endowed with a total budget of €8,840,000, the programme finally committed a sum of €10,530,435 (+ 19%) in mid 2007 by incorporating 3 non ERDF zones which wished to benefit from the same type of programme and by supporting projects in the eligible zone beyond what had been hoped for. The selection process was based on three successive stages: - auditing of the eligibility of the project sponsor and the project’s relevance to the programme (on the basis of a declaration of intention by the candidate project); - presentation of the application file with the help of contracting authority assistants for the strategic
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