ponics in both small and large scales. There are several helpful tables on stock solution preparation for commonly used macronutrients and micronutrients. The last chapter deals with best management practices in both produc- Book tion horticulture and ornamental horti- culture. This handbook would have been very beneficial to me when I was a teaching assistant for the undergradu- Reviews ate plant nutrition course at Ohio State University. I now refer to the hand- book regularly when I make fertilizer recommendations.

WESTERN FERTILIZER HANDBOOK—SEC- boron, molybdenum, chloride, and GARY GAO OND HORTICULTURE EDITION. Soil Im- nickel. Nutrient deficiency symptoms Ohio State University Extension provement Committee, California Fer- are listed as bulleted items. In addition, Owensville tilizer Association. 1998. Interstate there are 24 high-quality color plates of Publishers, Inc., 510 North Vermilion nutrient deficiencies and toxicities in- Street, P.O. Box 50, Danville, IL 61834- cluded in this chapter as well. 0050. 362 p. $26.95 + S&H, soft- The next three chapters deal with COMMERCIAL GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE cover. 50 color photos. ISBN 0–8134- fertilizers—a source of plant nutrients, HANDBOOK. Gary W. Hickman. 1998. 3146-8. speciality fertilizers, and fertilizer for- University of California, Division of mulation, storage, and handling. Many Agriculture and Natural Resources, The Western Fertilizer Hand- forms of fertilizers are listed for each Communication Services-Publications, book—Second Horticulture Edition is essential element. Data on elemental 6701 San Pablo Ave., 2nd Floor, Oak- a handy reference for horticulturists content, basic reactions, origin, and land CA 94608-1239. 24 p., 7 line and gardeners with strong interests in chemical properties are provided for drawings, 2 black & white photographs. plant nutrition. It also serves as a good each fertilizer. The acidity or basicity $5.00, softcover. Publication 21575. textbook for an introductory plant nu- equivalent of common nitrogen, phos- trition course. This handbook includes phorus, and potassium fertilizers are This is a very inexpensive hand- a forward, acknowledgments, an intro- also included. This information is a book packed with basic information duction, thirteen chapters, four appen- great aid to proper fertilizer selection about greenhouse vegetable produc- dices, and a glossary of terms. The when dealing with plants that respond tion and marketing. The information is second edition is a great improvement to acid or alkaline soils. The chapter on targeted at commercial growers and over the first edition. Two new chapters fertilizer formulation, storage, and han- will be especially useful to a prospective have been added while two chapters dling, supplies information that ben- or new grower. An excellent summary have been eliminated. Each remaining efits fertilizer manufacturers, dealers, of preconstruction considerations is chapter has been greatly expanded. and distributors, more than horticul- given for greenhouse structures, cover- The Western Fertilizer Hand- tural industry professionals or educa- ing, location, and basic environmental book—Second Horticulture Edition is tors. controls. simple enough for amateur gardeners, The chapter on the methods of Common greenhouse vegetable fairly comprehensive for undergradu- applying fertilizers provides important crops are discussed with emphasis on ate students, and very practical for hor- information regarding the advantages tomato and cucumber. Crop produc- ticulture industry professionals and edu- and disadvantages of fertilizer applica- tion systems such as bag culture and cators. The first three chapters of the tion methods: surface application, sub- nutrient film technique are described handbook deal with the basics of soils as surface application, fertigation, and fo- and supported with photographs. Very a medium for plant growth, water in liar applications. In the chapter dealing clear and practical descriptions and il- relation to nutrients and plant growth, with soil, media, and tissue testing, the lustrations are provided for several fre- and principles of plant growth. Physi- authors have done a very good job of quently asked questions on crop pro- ological roles of mineral nutrients, nu- explaining the theories, practices, ad- duction. These topics are best sup- trient deficiencies, and essential plant vantages, and limitations of each ported with illustrations such as those nutrients are then discussed. The physi- method. Two chapters are devoted to provided. The topics covered in this ological roles of nonmineral elements soils, soilless media, and using amend- method include a typical greenhouse such as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ments to correct soil and growing- floor plan for bag culture and training are discussed in two paragraphs. The media problems. There are two sec- and trellis systems for tomato and cu- available forms and physiological roles tions dealing with corrective measures cumber. of all fourteen elemental essential ele- for acid soils and saline soils. However, Many new growers spend a lot of ments are discussed in short paragraphs. I am disappointed that there is no dis- time figuring and managing nutrient They include nitrogen, phosphorus, cussion on the management of alkaline programs. A good overview is provided potassium, calcium, magnesium, sul- soils. One chapter is devoted to grow- on the basics of hydroponic nutrient fur, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, ing plants in solution culture or hydro- concentrations. Only one example of

394 ● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS an actual formula with ingredients is who taught genetics during the period tury. Woodburn, who points out his life provided. Detailed information about when knowledge of the subject devel- circumstances were very similar to how growers can develop nutrient so- oped from early cytogenetic work up to Eigsti’s, often interjects his own views lutions using various nutrient sources is the advent of modern molecular genet- by directly commenting on the changes not provided in the handbook itself, ics. Eigsti as a scientist and author, in society, science, and science teaching but other references with that informa- coauthored Colchicine—In Agricul- that have occurred since the Great De- tion are provided. Tables with adequate ture, Medicine, Biology, and Chemis- pression. His writing style is at times nutrient ranges from leaf tissue analysis try. Woodburn introduces us to Eigsti, rambling and several chapters have many are also provided. a man with passion whose roots are misspellings. The book would benefit An accurate list of common prob- deep in rural agricultural America. greatly by more through editing and lems for all growers gives the new grower Through the twelve chapters of proofreading. a real sense of the many challenges to be this book, Woodburn takes us into the met, including physiological problems, life of Eigsti, from his early experiences MARK G. HUTTON insects and diseases. A very simplified on the family farm and one-room rural Sakata Seed America, Inc. cost analysis for a 20,000-ft2 green- school in the early 1900s up to the Ft. Myers, Fla. house structure and estimated produc- present day. Woodburn undertakes this tion costs will be very helpful to pro- challenge by placing Eigsti’s life in con- spective growers. The estimated cost to text with the dramatic changes in agri- produce tomato is listed at $0.77/lb culture, science, and higher education THE GARDENER’S ATLAS. THE ORIGINS, and cucumber $0.72/lb. These costs that have occurred since the 1920s. DISCOVERY, AND CULTIVATION OF THE are realistic, but ranges above and be- The structure is not chronological. In- WORLD’S MOST POPULAR GARDEN PLANTS. low are to be expected. stead, the book is arranged into loosely John Grimshaw and Bobby Ward. 1998. This introductory handbook is organized themes. This format makes it Firefly Books Ltd., 4 Daybreak Lane, similar to those developed by other difficult to follow the progression of Westport, CT 06880. hardcover. educational institutions such as the Eigsti’s life and career. Yet, it does help $29.95. ISBN 1-55209-226-7. University of Florida and Mississippi the reader to see the unifying threads of State University. It will serve as an this man’s life. The author provides I wish I had read this book when I excellent resource for new and prospec- plenty of background information about was still teaching floriculture. It would tive greenhouse vegetable growers. Any plant breeding, agriculture, and science have given me an insight into the origin county extension agent with requests so that readers with little knowledge of of the important garden plants that are for information about beginning a new these areas might more fully appreciate so prominent in home gardens and greenhouse vegetable operation should Eigsti’s achievements. Woodburn also other landscape sites, and that have know about and refer to this handbook. includes a glossary defining many of the become profitable crops for people who The handbook’s strength is in provid- terms that may be unfamiliar to the produce plants for a living. I did try to ing easy to understand information nonbiologist. However, some may not include such information in my lectures about the most frequently asked ques- agree entirely with all of Woodburn’s but I usually had to go to several sources tions by new growers. definitions. to get as much information as there is in The more interesting and clearly this atlas. ROBERT HOCHMUTH written portions of the book deal di- The photographs in the book are University of Florida rectly with the problems associated with really outstanding. The high quality of Live Oak development of the seedless water- the paper helped in the reproduction of melon. In the chapter From Seeds to the pictures but the photographer had Seedless, Woodburn focuses on the an artist’s perspective as well as a 20TH CENTURY BIOSCIENCE: PROFESSOR creation and development of the seed- botanist’s knowledge. Usually a reviewer O.J. EIGSTI AND THE SEEDLESS WATER- less watermelon, often using Eigsti’s tells how many illustrations there are in MELON. John H. Woodburn. 1999. own words to tell the story. This fasci- a book, because the publisher makes it Pentland Press Inc., 5123 Bur Oak nating chapter deals with Eigsti’s initial easy by listing the number in press Circle, Raleigh, NC 27612. 169 p. meetings with Kihara from Japan, who releases or in the book itself, but this $21.95 plus $4.00 s & h, hardcover. pioneered the production of tetrap- book was lacking that information. A ISBN 1-57197-132-7. loid/triploid watermelons. The reader press release does state that “The is taken through the ups and downs of Gardener’s Atlas is brimming with This is an interesting biography of varietal development including losses maps, exquisite botanical color prints, O.J. Eigsti, whose vision and persever- due to disease, problems of seed pro- and gorgeous full-color photographs ance led to the commercialization of duction and seed quality, and most and illustrations.” I didn’t count them the seedless watermelon. Eigsti -the importantly, the hard work necessary to so I don’t know how much brimming breeder and developer of Tri-X-313, create market and grower acceptance of is, but I do know that every page has at the first dominant seedless watermelon something new. least one photograph and sometimes in today’s market was the founder of This is a book that should appeal more. the American Seedless Watermelon Seed to anyone curious about a plant The role of wars, the Crusades and Corporation that later became Ameri- breeder’s art and, more generally, an other such events had a tremendous can Sunmelon. But, as Woodburn points interest in the passion and commitment impact on the introduction of new out, Eigsti was much more. He intro- of a farmer turned scientist, whose life plants to countries such as England and duces us to O.J. Eigsti the educator, and work spanned much of this cen- the Netherlands. Botanical gardens also

● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS 395 played prominent roles, when they ei- ers wouldn’t mind reading such things we do not have to wait another 6 years ther sent out their own plant hunters or but I prefer writing that plants do better before the next update. obtained specimens from sailors, nurs- in light shade or that they shouldn’t be The heart of the Biological Con- erymen or even royalty. At first a plant allowed to dry out. trol of Weeds is four lists or tables. The had to have some medicinal value but Though the latter part of this re- first and largest list deals with exotic later its attractiveness was justification view seems to be only critical I would invertebrates and fungi that have been enough for it to be accepted. like to conclude that I do think that the released outside of their native range There are some inconsistencies in book is very well done, easy to read, I for biological control of weeds. The the layout of the pages. For example, on never found it to be boring, and I am target weeds are grouped by family page 58 I was reading about the plants very glad I had the opportunity to read and then listed alphabetically within in the family Compositae (Asteraceae), it. I also think the price is very reason- family. Common names and origin of but on page 60, I am reading about able, not out of reach for students, the weed are also provided. This list medieval gardens. On page 62, I was amateur or professional gardeners, and illustrates how many invasive weeds back to the Compositae. That strange it is much more than just a coffee-table have been introduced into regions. interlude happened several times, and I piece of literature. The biological control agents, mostly wondered why a family wasn’t com- insects, are listed alphabetically by their pleted, and then the gardens described. ROY A. LARSON scientific names under each weed. The The author and the publisher must North Carolina State University utility of Biological Control of Weeds have had some valid reasons for this, Raleigh would have been improved if the com- but I surely don’t know what they are. mon names were listed for the bio- I found them to be disconnecting. logical agents. This would be espe- One coauthor (Grimshaw) is Brit- cially useful for horticulturists, bota- ish and he does emphasize the impor- BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS, A nists, or weed scientists not familiar tance of the British in the worldwide WORLD CATALOGUE OF AGENTS AND THEIR with many of the insects. One disad- distribution of plants. This approach is TARGET WEEDS. 4th ed. M.H. Julien vantage of using an alphabetical ap- logical because it is true but at times one and M.W. Griffiths (eds.). 1998. Ox- proach for listing weeds and their bio- can tell that he knows much more ford University Press, 198 Madison logical control agents is that it can be about English horticulture than he does Ave., New York, NY 10016. 223 p. hard to determine which agents have about horticulture in the United States. $50.00, softcover. ISBN 0-85199- been most successful in controlling For example, he states that the hydran- 234-X. specific weeds. This list presents a gea became a very popular potted plant tremendous amount of information in the 19th Century but now is grown Biological control of weeds is in tabular form. The problem with the primarily as a hardy shrub. Apparently growing rapidly because it offers an tabular format is that it can be difficult he hasn’t been in a greenhouse or a environmentally and economically to follow and one can get lost. Espe- retail outlet in this country in the spring. sound method to control invasive cially distracting is the way the col- He also writes that the hydrangea sepals weeds. Biological Control of Weeds is umns on “Country, status, and degree will turn pink if plants are not treated the standard reference on biological of control” and “Research with aluminum sulfate. In the United control agents of weeds, including organisation” run into each other mak- States we would be more likely to state insects and other invertebrates, fungi, ing them hard to read. In multipage that the sepals will be blue or mauve in and vertebrates. Reading the lists of entries, I would have liked to see the color if the aluminum is not tied up. weeds and their biological control weed species name given on each page. Pink here is the traditionally favored agents is like reading a battle report of But these are just minor complaints color. efforts to stem the spread of exotic on an otherwise excellent presenta- The author also is much more weeds. For example, you can learn tion of information. aware of the efforts of European plant about the Australian struggle against The other three lists have a more breeders than he is of Americans. If I common prickly pear cactus [Opuntia limited audience. List B deals with had written the book I undoubtedly stricta (Haworth) Haworth var. stricia exotic vertebrates used to control would have done the same thing, ex- (Haworth) Haworth] during the weeds. The list is exclusively fish that cept the other way around. I wouldn’t 1920s, which resulted in the intro- have been introduced to control have mentioned impatiens without duction of many biological control aquatic weeds. The lack of terrestrial mentioning the work of Claude Hope, agents and eventually in control. Most vertebrates, such as goats and geese, who was inducted into the ASHS Hall introductions have the statements of for controlling common agronomic of Fame in 1999 because of his wonder- “not established” or “provides no weeds is a limitation of the list which ful achievements as a plant breeder. control,” but then with Cactoblastis the authors acknowledge. Other books When I took a plant physiology cactorum and a few other inverte- on biological control agents also have course under Dr. Daniel G. Clark at brates, you can see success, “rapid this same weakness of not adequately Cornell University, he incessantly establishment and destruction of pri- reflecting control of multiple weed preached against using teleological ex- mary [cactus] growth.” The catalog is species by terrestrial vertebrates. It pressions, such as the “plant enjoys” or a welcome update of the previous would be helpful if some method was it “dislikes”. Grimshaw frequently uses edition and adds information on the found to include these species which such terms, such as “Galanthus bulbs 220 releases of biological control in specific regions have successfully dislike being dried out” or “Hostas agents that occurred between 1990 controlled problem weeds. List C in- enjoy light shade”. Perhaps most read- and the end of 1996. I just hope that cludes organisms used within their

396 ● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS native range to control weeds. This is sors apply the principles of integrated • Discussion of weather monitoring an area that has attracted a lot of pest management (IPM) to California and disease models interest and research with the aim of tomato crops.” The authors might have • New diagram illustrating seasonal developing commercial mycoherbi- looked beyond the borders of the occurrence of major insect and mite cides. I believe that List C is biased Golden State because anyone dealing pests toward insects and misses fungi that with tomatoes can surely use the wealth • New sections on lygus bugs and have been evaluated at least in a lim- of information contained within the tomato bug ited scale. The final list (List D) is covers. This volume can help increase • New monitoring information for interesting because it deals with bio- the understanding and application of worms in processing tomatoes, logical control agents that have been IPM among all producers of tomatoes aphids, and stink bugs found in exotic ranges where they regardless of which aspects of produc- • New sections on Fusarium foot were not deliberately released. This tion they are involved in. rot, black dot root rot, anthra- list raises the question of how did The book is well designed with a cnose fruit rot, tobacco streak, and these organisms spread? Should unin- wide choice of topics and an excellent several other virus diseases tentional spread of biological control and diverse array of authors for particu- • Revised information on meadow agents be a concern? lar subjects. More than 50 University of voles Latest information on effec- Other features of Biological Con- California researchers, cooperative ex- tiveness of available herbicides trol of Weeds also are very helpful. I tension specialists, farm advisors, ex- • New weed monitoring chart with feel the reference list of close to 1000 periment station scientists, and indus- 16 new color photos articles on biological control is worth try representatives have contributed to The incorporation of relevant ref- the cost of the book. It will jump start this manual. Since the first edition in erences and an understandable glossary any literature review on biological 1982, the format has remained much are a welcome addition to this fourth control. The extensive index makes it the same, with an ever increasing amount edition. Recordkeeping and sanitation easy to find your favorite weed or of technical knowledge being incorpo- is also stressed throughout the publica- insect. Although Biological Control rated as it becomes available from re- tion. If producers would follow their of Weeds is unlikely to be a classroom search. advice many recurring tomato prob- textbook, it is a must reference in any This manual covers the biology, lems could be avoided or held to a library used by horticulturists, ento- economic status, and the management minimum. mologists, weed scientists, plant pa- of weeds, diseases, nematodes, insects I would conclude that the authors thologists, and botanists interested in and vertebrates that affect tomatoes. have provided a valuable resource for biological control of invasive plants. The layout of the book enables the those using IPM to diagnose the nu- reader to quickly gain access to their merous pest problems of tomatoes and JOHN MASIUNAS particular area of interest. Each of the a useful guide for the determination of Department of Natural Resources major areas is concisely written with the problems. and accompanying photos in a logical and This book would be a useful addi- Environmental Sciences readable manner. More than 180 color tion to anyone working with tomatoes University of Illinois photographs and numerous drawings and is a must for extension agents, Urbana illustrate nearly 100 different pest prob- consultants, and farmers. lems in tomatoes as well as common natural enemies of insect and mite pests. WAYNE J. MCLAURIN One set of extremely detailed line draw- University of Georgia INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT FOR TO- ings of the major caterpillar pests in- Athens MATOES. 4TH ED. Larry L. Strand (ed.). cludes a key for identification. The sec- 1998. Publication 3274. University of tion on insects covers 31 pages and California Division of Agriculture and includes excellent illustrations on life Natural Resources Communication cycles of insects and charts showing GROWING BULBS INDOORS. P.J.M. Services, 6701 San Pablo Avenue, Oak- what damage they cause and what time Knippels. 1999. A.A. Balkema Publish- land, CA 94608-1239. 118 p. $30.00 period it occurs. The pest sampling ers, Old Post Rd., Brookfield, VT softcover. ISBN 1-879906-32-5 section with its leaf and fruit sampling, 05036. 101 p. 66 color photographs. threshold discussion and pest sampling $25.00, hardcover. ISBN 90-5410- If tomatoes are an ancient fruit, illustrations are valuable tools for any 467-8. then, the pests that attack them are even producer. more ancient. There are, however, This new edition is written in the When the author searched in ex- modern methods for dealing with pest same easy-to-read format as the first isting reference books for cultivation problems. three editions and has been revised instructions on growing bulbs indoors The fourth edition of Integrated extensively to include the latest infor- in his environmental conditions (Neth- Pest Management for Tomatoes offers mation on management techniques, erlands), he found an information niche the most comprehensive, up-to-date pest monitoring, and available control present for a practical guide available in information from the University of Cali- options. the trade. The result is this book where fornia on managing pests in fresh mar- Some new additions are as follows: a chart was developed for cultivating a ket and processing tomatoes. • Revised fertilizer recommendations particular genus and species of bulb The stated purpose of this book is for processing and fresh market based on the rhythm of growth, flower- “to help growers and pest control advi- tomatoes ing and rest found in the country of

● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS 397 origin. He subsequently suggests Along with each genus are listed new world of heirloom tomatoes to whether a beginning, experienced or pertinent facts such as country and discover, rich with wonderful flavor very experienced grower should attempt climate of origin, plant name origin, and a profusion of colors and shapes. cultivation according to his chart di- flower and leaf descriptions, blooming Tomatoes may be yellow, purple, vided into calendar months with a pre- period, summer or winter grower, and green, and even mahogany brown and cise watering schedule. This book fills so on. A straightforward chart corre- shaped like a heart, pear, or oval. They the niche for growing wherever one is sponds the growth and watering cycle may be striped or marbled or even located, not just in North America or with each month of the year. It includes pubescent like a peach. The diversity the country of bulb origin. And the symbols for when the bulb is dormant, and array of heirloom tomatoes is author readily admits this is his single if leaves are formed or forming and seemingly endless, and that is what point of view based on experience. whether the plant flowers with leaves makes this book so interesting. To be successful, first one must present or before or after leaves occur. The book is a field guide, but is so gain insight into the theoretical aspects The watering regime recommends the visually stunning that it will inspire as of bulb development, i.e., the periodic following drying schedule: totally dry, well as educate the reader. One of a development of growth and flowering dry for 3 weeks, dry for 7 to 10 days or series of Smith & Hawken guides, its which alternates with dormancy. A bulb 1 or 2 days. To emphasize this point, format lays out a page of description is a geophyte, “a perennial plant which the author stresses, “If you hesitate to opposite a full-page photograph of survives unfavorable conditions by water, then don’t!” And finally, special each variety. Each tomato is portrayed means of subterranean parts.” This in- growing aspects suggest ease of culture with ripe fruit and foliage included in cludes true bulbs, rhizomes, tubers, and planting depth alternatives. vivid, richly colored photographs. The corms and other storage organs. These This bulb guide lends itself for information for each variety gives type various plants are adapted to seasonal comparison to the similar text, Grow- of heirloom, origin (if known), matu- climatic changes based on their point of ing Bulbs, The Complete Practical rity, color/shape, size/arrangement, origin and alternating rest and growth Guide. Here, Brian Mathew aimed his yield, plant/foliage, taste, and seed patterns. Bulbs are classified into three gritty, practical approach of growing availability. The author also provides categories based on when rainfall is over 100 genera at enthusiasts. How- her synopsis of that variety, telling most abundant in their country of ori- ever, Knippels has carefully chosen bulbs what makes it distinctive, including a gin, either summer, winter or through- available in the trade that can be grown review of its flavor and any known out the entire year. The winter-growers indoors by specialty growers, either stories about its heritage. include most true bulbs which come beginners or experienced, and provides The author recently retired from from South Africa, especially the Cape, detailed cultural information. The text- teaching college microbiology. When where all natural habitats are found. book style does not convey enthusiasm she discovered the world of heirloom Dormancy is the most important pe- for becoming a specialty grower, an tomatoes about 10 years ago, she be- riod for true bulbs, when leaves and interest the reader must already possess. came immersed in the subject, and has inflorescences are initiated. Most sum- But the descriptive paragraphs reveal raised more than 1,000 varieties in her mer-growers are from central Chile near the author’s insight and personal knowl- own garden. She has been active with Santiago where leaves and flowers grow edge of these plants as individuals. This the Seed Savers Exchange, published simultaneously. In contrast, corms, rhi- particular bulb selection will not appeal numerous articles in well known gar- zomes and tubers develop leaves or to all readers but will be treasured by dening publications, and is a major stems first and no buds are initiated those who have searched but not found voice on AOL’s tomato forum. during dormancy. Most bulbs are such information in other specialty bulb The book’s photographs, done monocotyledons and belong in the five texts. by Frank Iannotti, are stunning in main families Amaryllidaceae, Iridaceae, their clarity and richness of color. Alliaceae, Asphodelaceae, and RAMONA A. REISER Printed on heavy, glossy paper, these Hyacinthaceae. R&R Expectations pictures seem to leap right off the page After understanding this back- Sarasota, Fla. so that you can almost taste the toma- ground, the topics then turn to cul- toes as you read. tural information on soil requirements, The book’s organization works planting depth, propagation, pests and in a logical manner. There are intro- diseases, bulb storage, temperatures 100 HEIRLOOM TOMATOES FOR THE ductory chapters with practical, how- and troubleshooting suggestions. The AMERICAN GARDEN. Carolyn J. Male. to information, such as selecting vari- main section of the book covers 40 1999. Workman Publishing Com- eties for your own garden, growing genera and 200 species of common pany, Inc., 708 Broadway, New York, tips, saving seed, and how to cross and specialty bulbs, revealing the New York 10003-9555. 246 p. Color them to create your own heirlooms. author’s practical expertise of grow- photographs. $17.95, softcover. ISBN The 100 heirloom varieties that are ing succulents and bulbs indoors for 0-7611-1400-9. reviewed are arranged alphabetically, many years, as well as his contribu- making it easy to look up a specific tions to various journals. Photographs The tomato is the most popular type. Two appendices at the end of the of inflorescences scattered through- vegetable in the American garden, book list commercial sources for seeds out add color and a sense of delicacy to grown by some 21 million backyard and books and seed sources for indi- the text. Valuable references and clas- tomato growers. What many people vidual varieties. sification of bulbs by ornamental value may not realize is that all tomatoes are While there are several books on can be found at the end of the book. not red and round. There is a whole heirloom vegetables already published,

398 ● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS this is the first just on heirloom toma- and Soils. The chapter Pest, Disease factors affecting crop postharvest qual- toes, and the only one to go into such and Weed Management for the Bear- ity and specific ways to troubleshoot depth on the subject. It could be used ing Grove is initially a little confusing various crop-cooling problems. The as a textbook for classes or seminars, in that it presents control, then spray comprehensive forced-air and but will be mainly used as a reference periods and then the pests. hydrocooler design procedures and rec- book by home gardeners, both begin- The final chapter on home citrus ommendations are not available in any ner and expert alike. Most people have production is inappropriate for a text- other known publication. limited garden space, and this book book or reference for producers, al- The authors state that the publi- will allow them to make more in- though it was included in prior edi- cation is for those interested in inves- formed choices about what to grow. tions. Frequent references to home tigating crop-cooling, professionals On the other hand, the book’s strong plantings throughout the text are of who desire cooler design details, and suit is not about limiting choices, it is little value to students or commercial operators of postharvest storage and/ rather to make these heirlooms look growers, and are too dispersed to ben- or cooling facilities. They should have so inviting that we will grow more. efit the average homeowner who sim- also stated that it could be used as a ply wants to better care for one or good supplemental text for college LINDA SAPP more citrus trees in the home land- level classes in agricultural refrigera- Tomato Growers Supply Company scape. tion and/or postharvest physiology. Fort Myers, Fla. This edition reads better than The very practical information pre- prior revisions, but both typographi- sented would add value to these classes cal and grammatical errors can be that sometimes can be too theoretical found in the text. The clarity of the and/or crop specific. CITRUS GROWING IN FLORIDA. 4TH ED. illustrations could be improved with Many important crop cooling re- L.K. Jackson and F.S. Davies. 1999. better paperstock, but not for $29.95. lated equations are presented that, at University Press of Florida, 15 N.W. Relatively newer citrus growers first glance, may seem complicated for 15th Street, Gainesville, FL 32611- and managers would find this book some readers. However, they are ex- 2079. 313 p. hardcover, $29.95. ISBN most useful; veteran growers will find plained very well and the examples 0-8130-1668-1. something of interest in it. For stu- presented should make them under- dents of citriculture, the book is indis- standable and relevant for most read- When one thinks of citrus, the pensable. Serious gardeners interested ers. These equations will be useful for Florida citrus industry comes natu- in citrus history and botany and those those in the commercial world in- rally to mind, as it is the largest in the wishing insight into commercial citri- volved with the cooling, storage and/ United States and second largest in culture will find Citrus Growing in or refrigerated transport of horticul- the world. This fourth edition of Cit- Florida to be a good resource. tural crops. rus Growing in Florida describes well While the title includes flowers, the practical and horticultural aspects JULIAN W. SAULS most of the information presented is of citrus production in Florida. Texas Agricultural Extension Service for fruits and vegetables. The publica- Originally written by L.W. Ziegler Weslaco tion would have been even better if and H.S. Wolfe and used as a textbook more flower data and examples were in undergraduate courses in citricul- presented. In addition, some data in ture at the University of Florida, Cit- the appendix adapted from USDA rus Growing in Florida was twice COMMERCIAL COOLING OF FRUITS, VEG- Handbook 66 (Hardenburg, Watada revised by L.K. Jackson, the last time ETABLES, AND FLOWERS. James F. Th- and Yang, 1986), containing cooling in 1990. Notable changes in the ompson, F. Gordon Mitchell, Tom and long-term storage requirements Florida citrus industry during the last Rumsey, Robert F. Kasmire, and Carlos for floral and nursery crops, should decade suggested the need for the H. Crisosto. 1998. University of Cali- have been updated. current revision, capably written by fornia, 6701 San Pablo Avenue, Oak- One style of a commonly used L.K. Jackson and F.S. Davies. This land, CA 94608-1239. 62 p., illus. forced-air cooler for flowers was not fourth edition is as current and perti- $10, softcover. UC publication 21567. described. It is a positive pressure type nent to Florida citriculture today as with the cold wall containing numer- the constraints of time between revi- This publication is the second ma- ous specifically designed holes/ori- sion and publication permit. jor revision of Coolers for Fruits and fices that work equally well regardless L.K. Jackson is a distinguished Vegetables by Rene Guillou (UC Agr. of the number of flower boxes being Extension citrus specialist and teacher Ext. Bul. 773, 1960); the other revision cooled. Readers interested in this de- at the University of Florida, whose was in 1972. Its concise presentation sign should contact the senior author career spanned 32 years until his re- coupled with numerous figures (30), for details. tirement in 1994. F.S. Davies is a color plates (11), and tables (15) should In summary, this low cost, read- teacher and researcher in citriculture help readers maximize their understand- able and concise publication makes it at the University of Florida, where he ing of the subjects presented. a very good value for a broad spectrum has been some 20 years. The main subjects covered are the of readers. The book is generally well-orga- design and proper use of forced-air and nized, although one could argue that hydrocoolers, cooling calculations, and GEORGE STABY Chapter 3, Taxonomy and Botany, crop cooling/storage specifications. Perishables Research Organization should precede Chapter 2, Climate Also presented is a good overview of Healdsburg, Calif.

● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS 399 FANDEX WILDFLOWERS. Ruth Rodgers IMPRESSIONIST ROSES. BRINGING THE mation on visiting the impressionists’ Clausen. 1999. Workman Publishing, ROMANCE OF THE IMPRESSIONIST STYLE gardens that are still in existence. 708 Broadway, New York, NY 10003. TO YOUR GARDEN. Derek Fell. 1999. Designing with Roses is a chapter 50 die-cut cards, 140 color photo- Friedman/Fairfax Publishers. 15 West that includes the categories of roses graphs. $9.95. ISBN: 0-7611-1464-5. 26th St., New York, NY 10010. 144 such as hybrid tea and floribunda and p. 153 illustrations. $27.50, hardcover. how each category’s plant form makes The obvious feature of this book is ISBN 1-56799-801-1. it more suitable for different uses. It its unique format. It is a collection of 50 gives the reader many ideas for incor- long, slim, two-sided, full-color, die- Impressionist Roses reinforces the porating impressionist roses into their cut cards that are bolted together in one bond between art and horticulture. It own gardens. These ideas include rose corner with a rivet, allowing the reader is a refreshing look at designing rose tunnels, rose arbors and rose walls in to fan the cards and compare flowers. gardens by emulating specific garden addition to theme gardens, contain- Each card describes one wildflower that design ideas of impressionist painters. ers, etc. Fell makes helpful sugges- is highlighted with a large color picture Many horticulturists already enjoy im- tions of more disease-free modern al- at the end of the card. In all, 47 wild- pressionist painting. After reading ternatives to the older roses the Im- flowers in 33 families are described. Derek Fell’s book, a greater apprecia- pressionists used. Several common names and their tion is developed for the beauty of the The author lists his top fifty roses origin are included in the text. Podo- rose and impressionists’ paintings. in chronological order of introduc- phyllum peltatum, for example is listed This book is a reference for gar- tion and includes a description and as mayapple, American mandrake, and deners who want to grow roses that photograph of each. Following is cul- wild lemon. Medicinal folklore is given, give a romantic look to their garden. tural information including propaga- as well as Native American usage. The It is also for artists and rose enthusiasts tion, planting, growing, and winteriz- family, native range, and native habitat who are interested in roses that the ing. The book is illustrated with fabu- are also listed for each plant. Garden impressionist’s loved to paint and lous photographs throughout that are culture is covered as well as cultivars. grow. For the horticultural scientist it sure to inspire new and avid rose gar- For the space, there is an amazing is a unique reference book for learning deners alike. The book concludes with amount of information on each card. more about roses and viewing roses a list of rose gardens to visit and sources Publishing a wildflower guide for from an artist’s eye. For everyone, it of roses to purchase and leaves the the entire United States limits the scope, provides inspiration for incorporating reader yearning to do both. but a wild range of plants is covered, imagination into designing rose gar- from the popular trillium and cone- dens. The use of old and new cultivars TERRI STARMAN flower to more obscure rattlesnake of wild and old-fashioned roses that University of Tennessee master and wild senna. California poppy give a garden that look of paradise Knoxville, Tenn. is included, which is really native only to seen in an impressionist’s painting is the west, especially California. Monarda promoted throughout the book. fistulosa is described and somewhat con- The book opens with a very inter- fused with M. didyma. esting history of rose introductions The biggest drawback is the scale and breeding. From Empress MAPLES FOR GARDENS, A COLOR ENCY- of the large color picture of the flower Josephine, the wife of Napoleon, to CLOPEDIA. C.J. van Gelderen and D.M. on the cards. Some, such as Anemonella the Meilland family’s new class of shrub van Gelderen. 1999. Timber Press, thalictroides and Aster novae-angeliae roses called The Romanticas. Next, Inc., 133 S.W. Second Avenue, Suite are depicted with 3- and 4-inch indi- the author investigates the impres- 450, Portland, OR 97204-3527. 294 vidual flowers respectively. For the nov- sionists’ love for roses. And it turns p. 683 color photos. 2 color maps. ice, this is very misleading and the out the way in which the surface of a $49.95, hardcover. ISBN 0-88192- additional photos must be used for rose petal reflects light was the perfect 472-5. identification. Most of the others, such subject for impressionist painters to as Baptisia and Mertensia are presented practice their unique painting tech- In case you haven’t noticed, ref- more realistically with the entire inflores- nique. erence books are expensive. And if cence. Because the photos are cutouts, The chapter The Rose Gardens your office is anything like mine, book and the pages fan, the cutouts can become of the Impressionists examines ways in shelf space is precious real estate. bent and worn with repeated use. which the impressionists used roses in Therefore, before I purchase a new This field guide is for inexperi- their gardens and in their floral ar- book, or recommend one to you, I enced and beginning gardeners. In ad- rangements and highlights their fa- must be convinced that it will pull its dition to easy identification, it includes vorite varieties. It describes briefly the own weight. You know. The kind of folklore and historical information about lives of the painters and the roses that book that you station just north of each wildflower. Its distinctive format they had in their gardens and in their your mouse pad, ready at a moment’s may appeal to readers of all ages or the paintings. For example, it explains how notice to answer a question or provide whole family, as stated on the promo- Monet used climbing roses to get inspiration. But what of Maples for tional text. color up into the heights of his gar- Gardens, A Color Encyclopedia? Will den. It also tells how Monet used it enter your rotation of indispensable MARY HOCKENBERRY MEYER other vines to intertwine with roses to books or will it join the ranks of other University of Minnesota blend their colors into new combina- dust collectors on your shelf. Allow Chanhassen, Minn. tions. The book also includes infor- me to help you decide.

400 ● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS Since 1994, the definitive trea- share the same level of devotion to INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT FOR tise on the genus Acer has been Maples Japanese maples as the authors, and APPLES AND PEARS, 2ND ED. Barbara of the World by D.M. van Gelderen, enjoy reveling in the differences be- L.P. Ohlendorf. 1999. University of P.C. de Jong, and H.J. Oterdoom. tween Acer palmatum ‘Koto hime’, California, DANR Publication 3340, Written more for an academic audi- ‘Koto maru’, and ‘Koto no ito’, then DANR Communication Services, ence, Maples of the World systemati- pages 95 to 201 (45% of all pages 6701 San Pablo Ave., Oakland, CA cally and comprehensively covers the dedicated to plant descriptions) will 94608-1239. 232 p. 250 color pho- waterfront with regard to maples. Now be pure bliss for you. I, on the other tographs, line drawings, and tables along comes Maples for Gardens, in- hand, found the disproportionate at- $30.00, softcover. ISBN 1-879906- tended as a photographic companion tention given to Japanese maples ex- 42-2. for Maples of the World. But unlike its cessive and would rather have learned utilitarian predecessor, Maples for more about several lesser species (Acer California has maintained an ex- Gardens spends little time discussing griseum, Acer maximowiczianum, tensive research and extension effort taxonomy, use, maintenance, propa- Acer triflorum, and Acer truncatum, in integrated pest management in- gation, or distribution of maples among others) that were given short cluding pest management publica- around the globe. Instead, C.J. and shrift. tions. This revised reference book for D.M. van Gelderen have created a Although the authors do a cred- growers of apples and pears consists of more user-friendly volume in which ible job, experienced maple aficiona- seven main sections. The first chapter individual maple species (arranged in dos will find nothing particularly new discusses fruit growth and develop- alphabetical order by scientific name) or revealing in the pages dealing with ment and the second details the gen- are the focus. From Acer acuminatum North American taxa. Color photo- eral management practices on which to Acer ×zoeschense ‘Annae’, each en- graphs are adequate, descriptions are most of the pest management guide- try is accompanied by at least one for the most part accurate, but the lines are based. The remaining chap- color photograph (identified with the authors only provide a cursory over- ters discuss the five major categories month it was taken) and information view of available cultivars. Cultivar of orchard pests, vertebrates, insects in the following sequence: scientific listings and descriptions are particu- and mites, diseases, nematodes and name, cultivar name (when given), larly thin in segments devoted to Acer weeds. section and series of the genus Acer to rubrum and Acer saccharum. Being The publication discusses where which the maple belongs, synonyms more familiar with North American and when major pests occur in Cali- for a plant’s name, habit, leaves, flow- taxa also allowed me to find several fornia and provides general monitor- ers, fruits, distribution, authority or errors in these segments. Giving Acer ing guidelines. It provides detailed introducer, special recognition, de- rubrum October Glory a Zone 3 har- descriptions and photographs of indi- gree of cultivation, garden attributes, diness zone rating, stating Acer vidual pests and the damage they cause and hardiness zone ratings for both rubrum ‘Autumn Flame’ is synony- plus specific guidelines for enhancing Europe and North America. mous with Acer ×freemanii ‘Autumn natural control factors and informa- One of the motivations for own- Flame’, referring to Acer rubrum tion on how to design a monitoring ing Maples for Gardens is to associate ‘Franksred’ (Red Sunset) as ‘Red Sun- program. a name with a face. In other words, if set’, and similarly referring to Acer The new edition contains a com- you’ve never seen the striped bark of ×freemanii ‘Jeffersred’ (Autumn pletely revised section on codling moth Acer davidii, the breathtaking autumn Blaze) as ‘Autumn Blaze’ may not be management with detailed informa- leaf color of Acer japonicum debilitating errors, but do detract from tion on mating disruption, a revision ‘Aconitifolium’, or the conspicuous the book’s overall credibility. of leafroller management, new pear red samaras of Acer pseudoplatanus Now back to the original ques- psylla control strategies and updates ‘Erythrocarpum’, this is your chance. tion. Is the book worthy of its price on oak root fungus and biological Maples for Gardens is replete with tag and your consideration? I would control of fire blight. It provides a colorful and artful images of both answer that question with a qualified description and seasonal development familiar and rare maple taxa. No, not yes. Excellent photographs, descrip- of many pest, the damage associated every photograph is suitable for fram- tions of rare and lesser-known taxa, with each and management or control ing, but most are good enough to and the thorough treatment given to methods. It does not include specific satisfy the botanist and photographer Acer palmatum and cultivars (pro- information on pesticides, selection in all of us. vided this is what you have need for) or application rates. But before you reach for your are reasons enough to recommend The manual is well written in an checkbook, potential buyers should this book. Buyers should remember, easy-to-read style. It contains excel- be forewarned that Maples for Gar- however, that as a companion piece, lent color photographs, line drawings dens could have just as easily been Maples for Gardens, A Color Encyclo- and tables to assist in the identifica- titled Japanese Maples for Gardens. pedia is not the photographic equiva- tion and monitoring of nearly 150 You see, the authors are more than lent of Maples of the World. Now that pest problems. It also has a brief list of just a little bit enamored with Acer would be a book! extension references related to these palmatum and the bevy of associated crops and pests plus a list of sources of cultivars. In fact, they boldly proclaim JEFFERY K. ILES supplies for pest management pro- that “Acer palmatum is probably the Iowa State University grams. most important maple in horticul- Ames The comprehensive reference ture.” Now if you’re of like mind, book has been written for California

● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS 401 orchardists and climatic conditions. ter entitled Moods, where he describes exotic locales as the northeast hard- Therefore, some of the pest threshold the use of light, movement, harmony, wood forest by early settlers. Suc- values are not appropriate for other control, sublime and mysticism. He cesses were few and far between due to geographical areas. Some cultural prac- encourages gardeners to discover the improper, or even lack of, irrigation , tices discussed are also different from assets of their own gardens wherever high pH, and winter injury due to other areas of the country. However, or whatever they may be, looking for severe temperature extremes and in- this is an excellent reference publica- special beauty in all seasons. tense winter sunlight. Consequently, tion for commercial orchardists, ex- Oudolf creates a garden in two landscape architects, homeowners, and tension agents and pest control advi- layers, the first being a formal under- the rest of the populace of higher sors. It is especially helpful for inte- lying framework of static hedges, walks, elevations in the mountain west, in- grated fruit insect control. and paths that create the backbone. cluding parts of Utah, Nevada, Ari- Then he overlays perennials on this zona, New Mexico, Colorado, and JEROME HULL, JR. formal backbone, adding the look of Idaho, have long found their shade Department of Horticulture informality and constant change. It is and specimen trees among the fast Michigan State University a blending of nature and wildness with growing species that can outpace the East Lansing the art and control of formal gardens. harsh local conditions. Species such as Oudolf’s “plants look wild but his cottonwood (Populus nigra), willow gardens do not.” (Salix sp.), and Siberian elm (Ulmus The book provides a rich look at pumila) comprise the total species DESIGNING WITH PLANTS. Piet Oudolf garden design and plant combina- diversity of a great many rural areas in with Noel Kingsbury. 1999. Timber tions. Also included are over 50 pe- the mountain west, and these species Press, 133 S.W. Second Ave., Suite rennials and 12 grasses in a detailed generally die as fast as they grow. 450, Portland, OR 97204-3527. 160 plant directory. Favorite plants are This book targets landscape ar- p. $34.95 +S&H, hardcover. 300 color asters, umbellifera, grasses, echinaceae, chitects, extension personnel, and the photographs. ISBN 0-88192-437-7. helinium, and “plants ignored before” general interest homeowner who de- such as astrantia and eryngium. A sire to reduce the monoculture made Piet Oudolf, a Dutch garden de- section covers the year-round varia- up of these fast growing species, and signer, shares his insight in using pe- tion of perennials. create a longer-lived and lower-main- rennials in this new book. Only peren- Designing with Plants is a book tenance urban forest. It describes the nials are included because they have a with many new ideas for landscape botanical characteristics, environmen- “unique, distinct structure that is in a designers, landscape architects and tal requirements, and cultural consid- state of almost constant change anyone who wants to look at new ways erations of 14 conifer and 26 broad- throughout the growing season.” of using perennials in the garden. leaf tree species. Half of the conifers Oudolf urges gardeners to examine and a few of the broadleaves are native perennials, especially the inflorescence, MARY HOCKENBERRY MEYER to the intermountain west. The quite for overall structure and form. A chap- Department of Horticultural adequate species descriptions are liv- ter is included on flower shapes, with Science ened up with further short descrip- sections on spires; buttons and globes; University of Minnesota tions of cultivars, where they exist, a umbels; daisies; and screens and cur- St. Paul useful commentary on the overall suit- tains. Understanding structure and ability of the species, and very func- form are critical, he contends, because tional symbols indicating tree shade, “a good planting should have enough water requirements, shade tolerance, variety of shape to look good in a black BEYOND THE PONDEROSA. SUCCESSFUL maintenance needs, and particular sit- and white photo…by adding color LANDSCAPE TREES FOR HIGHER ELEVA- ing considerations. Up to four pic- another dimension comes in, but a TIONS IN THE SOUTHWEST. Tom tures of overall form, leaves, bark, and secondary one.” DeGomez and John Duff Bailey. 1999. flowers on a flanking page nicely Color is the third consideration Flagstaff Community Tree Board, 211 complement the description. of plant selection, after form and struc- West Aspen St., Flagstaff, AZ 86001. The book’s weak points stand ture. Oudolf’s ideas for using color are Spiral bound $10.00. out in the pictures, as a number of subtle, such as combining many flower Beyond the Ponderosa. Successful them are rather blurry, and several shapes of the same color, to bold, Landscape Trees for Higher Eleva- species have just three pictures, and a where he suggests combining oppo- tions in the Southwest is a new plant blank spot where the fourth could be. site colors for dramatic effects. He materials reference book on shade and The book is rounded out with a supple- classifies perennials into structure or specimen trees aimed at a part of the mentary information on hardiness filler plants, acknowledging most are country where shade means either a zones, a tree care guide with tips on “in between” and recommends using half-dead cottonwood or an occasional species and site selection, fertilization, one structure plant for every three cloud overhead. Since the uplands of watering, and pruning, and a glossary. filler plants. He includes steps for as- the southwest, and mountain west in I was disappointed with omissions of sembling a border planting from the general, are both dry, cold, and alka- some very durable and desirable, but back forward. line, the number of native tree species uncommon for the mountain west, Oudolf’s goal is to “not copy that are suitable for amenity land- tree species such as Kentucky coffee nature but to recreate the emotion.” scapes is vanishingly small. This pau- tree (Gymnocladus dioica) and hack- Thirty pages are devoted to the chap- city led to use of tree species from such berry (Celtis occidentalis) that are equal

402 ● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS to or superior to many of the listed ization or as specimen plants for en- is placed on the first section (64 pages) broadleaf species in terms of appear- joyment. with only 7 pages devoted to abiotic ance and care. Overall, this is a useful diseases including nutrient toxicity and book that will assist those seeking to YONEO SAGAWA deficiency, herbicide injury, air pol- dismantle the species monoculture in University of Hawaii at Manoa lutants, environmental factors and the mountain west with information Honolulu other abnormalities. The infectious on how to modestly expand the land- diseases are well organized by causal scape tree palette. agent (bacteria, mycoplasma-like, fungi, viruses, and nematodes) and by ROGER KJELGREN COMPENDIUM OF CORN DISEASES. 3rd infected plant part (seed, leaf, stem, Department of Plants, Soils, and ed. 1999. Donald G. White (ed.) in roots, and ear). About 90 plant pa- Biometeorology cooperation with the NCR-25 Com- thologists from academia and private Utah State University mittee on Corn and Sorghum Dis- industry contributed updates on indi- Logan eases and the Department of Crop vidual diseases that provide descrip- Sciences, University of Illinois at Ur- tions of the symptoms, the causal or- bana-Champaign. APS Press, 3340 ganism, distribution and importance, Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121- epidemiology and the disease cycle, 2097. 78 p. 177 color photos, 23 and control. While the input from so ORCHIDS OF PAPUA N EW GUINEA. Andree figures. $37.00, softcover. ISBN 0- many scientists has resulted in some Millar. Photography by Roy and Mar- 890054-234-1. inequalities in the depth of coverage garet Mackay. 1999. Timber Press, of individual diseases, the book suc- Inc., The Haseltine Building, 133 SW The third edition of the popular ceeds as a diagnostic tool and as an Second Avenue, Suite 450, Portland, Compendium of Corn Diseases has introduction to maize pathology to Oregon 97204. 128 p. 271 color pho- been written to provide a reference to the targeted audience. The Compen- tographs. $34.95 +S&H, hardcover. both plant pathologists and general dium of Corn Diseases is a recom- ISBN 0 88192-438-5. audiences. It is of specific and applied mended for anyone that works with value to crop scouts, agribusiness rep- maize. It comes at an affordable price This is a thoroughly revised and resentatives, area crop specialists, ex- of $37.00 and can be ordered directly updated version of Millar’s earlier book tension agents, growers, educators, from the American Phytopathological based on the author’s experiences since students and researchers. Like the pre- Society (1-800-328-7560). she went to reside in Papua New vious editions, the third is interna- Guinea in 1947. It is a well-illustrated tional in scope, but with a focus on JOHN A. JUVIK pictorial, geographical and horticul- diseases that are of importance in the University of Illinois tural record of some of the orchids of United States. While comparable in Urbana-Champaign the area. A two page map of the areas content and organization to earlier covered orients the reader to the in- editions, it provides an update of symp- troduction which covers the various toms, pathogen descriptions, and more areas where orchids grow. She re- current references as well as informa- counts the various trips which high- tion on several diseases that were not light the many years and many miles important prior to the publication of covered in quest of orchid species in the second edition in 1980. Descrip- some of the highly inaccessible parts tion of each disease is condensed (in of Papua New Guinea. most cases one-half to two pages) to After a short description of the provide a general overview. Since many parts of an orchid, she describes 26 of these diseases can display a range of groups and divides each genus into symptoms depending on the environ- sections as in Schlechter’s Orchidaceae ment and genotype, the editor has of German New Guinea. Each section carefully selected a representative set has an introduction to status of genus. of 177 high-quality color photographs Each species has an account of habitat depicting symptomology of the major as well as description of plant and diseases to help with field identifica- flower. The descriptions are not in- tion. All of the black-and-white pho- tended to be taxonomic but more for tos of disease symptoms from earlier use by horticulturist or hobbyists. editions have been replaced with diag- Many of the species are accompanied nostic color photographs. The strength by superb color photographs by Ron of this book resides in its usefulness for and Margaret Mackey. disease identification and to serve as This book is an excellent refer- starting point to find more in depth ence book for collectors of orchid information on corn diseases and their species, an activity which has gained control. popularity among orchid hobbyists. While the compendium is divided Many species as discovered are serving into two major sections (infectious as sources of germplasm for hybrid- and noninfectious diseases) emphasis

● April–June 2000. BOOK REVIEWS 403 See the best 65 free high-resolution photos of Wildflowers | 65 best free wildflower, flower, plant and flora photos on Unsplash selected by Heather Dou. These HD images are free to use for commercial projects. Bravely growing wild and free in a world plagued by conformity. Wildflower. A free spirit. Uncultivated by the mainstream. Independent thinker. Bravely growing wild and free in a world plagued by conformity. "Do you suppose she is a Wildflower?", said the Daisy (From Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll). "We don't let Wildflowers grow here, Independent minds and wild hearts are not encouraged''. by brisbane wildflower January 10, 2014. 246. 15. Flag. Get a Wildflower mug for your guy Yasemin. Wildflowers are truly special, mainly because they can grow without external influence; that is, with no influence from gardeners. Here is our list of the most beautiful... Wildflowers are as beautiful as any other garden flower. Wildflowers are truly special, mainly because they can grow without external influence; that is, with no influence from gardeners. Table Of Contents. What Are Wildflowers? How to Grow Wildflowers. Tips for Growing Wildflowers. A List of Wild Flowers You Can Plant. Yellow Wildflowers. Wildflowers are a great option for summer gardens. Explore a wide range of wildflowers, many of which are native to the United States. Wildflowers are increasingly popular in gardens across the United States. They're relatively easy to grow and care for and create an incredible palette of colors, textures, and foliage throughout the summer months. Some wildflowers have medicinal uses, while others are merely pretty.