Alternate Times: Exploring Science Fiction Literature
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Alternate Times Exploring Science Fiction Literature Alternate Times: a writing contest for Tampa Bay high school students See Pages 14-15 for details FRANK E. DUCKWALL FOUNDATION Tampa Bay, FL What is science fiction? Science fiction is a literature of imagination, of author Gregory Benford notes, “Illuminating phys- ideas and thought experiments, of “what if.” ical law through science fictional thought experi- A science fiction story may be set on another ments can awaken students’ inventive, playful “(Science fiction is) stories planet; thousands of years in the future; in a uni- side.” whose objective is to verse with different physical laws; within a society However, science fiction also can be used to explore, to discover, to learn, with more, less or different illuminate and examine history, philosophy, reli- by means of projection, races or genders; or in a gion and morality; to improve literacy and critical extrapolation, analogue, “Science fiction can be world similar to our own but thinking skills; and, perhaps most importantly, to hypothesis-and-paper- defined as that branch with a different past. examine the consequences of scientific and techno- experimentation, something of literature which Science fiction author Brian logical development on our society. about the nature of the deals with the reaction W. Aldiss once called sci- In computing, a virtual space in which new or universe, of man, or ‘reality.’” of human beings to ence fiction “a mirror to the untested software can be run securely without present,” which, set up 50 impacting existing systems is called a “sandbox.” – Judith Merril changes in science and technology.” years into the future, serves In the same way, science fiction is a literary to illuminate what seems like sandbox in which authors and readers can explore – Isaac Asimov chaos from our vantage point many possible futures “without,” as astronomer in the present. and educator Martin Griffiths notes, “having to Setting a story in an unfa- experience the horrors of the reality.” “Science fiction miliar environment allows authors to explore the As the pace of social and technological change represents how potential consequences of political, social, techno- continues to accelerate, the sandbox quality of sci- people in the logical and ecological change; of issues such as ence fiction will only increase in importance and present feel about war, terrorism, climate change, pandemics and relevance. As scientist and science fiction author the future.” overpopulation; and the possible effects of these David Brin writes,“There is no genre more relevant on individuals and society. to this rapidly transforming world we live in, where – Kim Stanley Chris McKitterick, director of the Gunn Center citizens are called upon to contemplate issues that Robinson for the Study of Science Fiction at the University of would have boggled their grandparents: environ- Kansas, writes: “Science fiction is the literature of mental degradation, the extinction and creation of the human species encountering change, whether new species, cloning, artificial intelligence, instant it arrives via scientific discoveries, technological access to all archived knowledge, and the looming innovations, natural events or societal shifts. prospect that a coming generation (perhaps the “Science fiction is the literature of ideas and very next one) may have to wrestle with the impli- philosophy, answering such questions as, ‘What cations of physical immortality.” if?’ or ‘If this goes on.’ Science fiction is multi- and In a recent interview in The Atlantic magazine, interdisciplinary. It embraces and serves every field MIT researcher Sophia Brueckner bemoans Silicon of study, and provides a method for creative specu- Valley’s “frenzied culture of building and launching lation in non literary fields. projects as quickly as possible without considering “Science fiction provides an approach to under- their social impact.” Reading science fiction is “like standing the universe we live in.” an ethics class for inventors,” she says, and engi- neers and designers should think more like science Sources: The Independent, Gunn Center for the Study of fiction authors by reflecting on the potential conse- Science Fiction quences of their work before building it. Why is science fiction Sources: gregorybenford.com, davidbrin.com, LabLit.com, The Atlantic important? Of course, science fiction can be used to illus- trate various aspects of science, technology, engi- neering and math. As scientist and science fiction “We are living in a world that seems science fictional, and science fiction readers have the advantage of knowing the terrain.” – Julie E. Czerneda 2 tampabay.com/nie So why should YOU read science fiction? • Science fiction is legitimate literature. • Good science fiction demands critical thinking and reflective response. • Science fiction is interdisciplinary, combining aspects of science, history and other subjects with literature. • Science fiction demands that its readers be thoughtful and engaged. Science fiction resources • Science fiction demands that its readers be problem solvers, to stretch the mind to AboutSF ............................................. aboutsf.com new possibilities and approaches, and to not only think outside the box, but also to AlternateHistory.com .............alternatehistory.com create new realities and new boxes. Dell Magazines Award for Undergraduate Excellence • The world of the future is unpredictable, and readers of science fiction are better in Science Fiction and Fantasy Writing ........................ prepared for the challenges of all possible futures. ...........................................................................dellaward.com • Science fiction is fun to read! Encyclopedia of Science Fiction ......................... ................................................ sf-encyclopedia.com Source: Adapted from “Science Fiction (and Fantasy) Course” by Mary J. Rose-Shaffer on AboutSF.com Gunn Center for the Study of Science Fiction .. ........................................................ sfcenter.ku.edu International Association for the Fantastic in Questions to consider while reading science fiction the Arts ........................................ fantastic-arts.org Setting SFF Net ........................................................ sff.net • Do you think that the author accurately describes scientific principles? SF Site ................................................... sfsite.com Why or why not? Science Fiction & Fantasy Writers of America .. • How can the setting of this text be compared to our world and time? .................................................................. sfwa.org Science Fiction Foundation ...... sf-foundation.org Characters Science Fiction Poetry Association ..sfpoetry.com • Explain the characters’ involvement in the plot and story line. Science Fiction Research Association .....sfra.org • How are the characters important to the action of the text? Uchronia: The Alternate History List ................. • Are there any types of characters in the story who are not found in other literary ............................................................uchronia.net Science fiction resources genres? for teachers Plot Aetiology: Using zombies to teach science ....... • Does the plot focus on a particular area of science or scientific principle? Explain. • Do the characters participate in a documented or controversial area of science? ....................scienceblogs.com/aetiology/2012/07/16 using-zombies-to-teach-science Explain. • What is the conflict in the story? Do you think it is real or fictional? Provide examples David Brin’s Science Fiction That Teaches Science ..................................... davidbrin.com/sfteaches.html to illustrate your choice. David Brin’s Using Science Fiction in the Classroom .............................................pinterest.com/davidbrin/ Summary using-science- fiction-in-the-classroom • Did you learn something about science concepts by reading this text? Explain. Chymist ...............................................chymist.com • Did this text help you gain an understanding of the present and future? Explain. Julie E. Czerneda’s Classroom .............................. Source: ReadWriteThink.org ..................czerneda.com/classroom/classroom.html Gunn Center for the Study of Science Fiction ... Science fact or science fiction ......................................................... sfcenter.ku.edu Android ❏ ❏ Hunger Games Lessons hungergameslessons.com Cyborg ❏ ❏ SciFiEd ......................................... scifieducation.org ❏ ❏ The Solae Foundation ............................ solae.org Dyson sphere STEM Behind Hollywood ....................................... Faster-than-light travel ❏ ❏ ..................... education.ti.com/en/us/stem-hollywood Genetically engineered ❏ ❏ Using Science Fiction to Teach Science: Science organism Fiction in the Classroom ........................................ ❏ ❏ ......... scoop.it/t/using-science-fiction-to-teach-science Light sail A Virtual Introduction to Science Fiction: Online Matter transporter ❏ ❏ Toolkit for Teaching SF ..................... virtual-sf.com Nanotechnology ❏ ❏ What If? History Project........... sites.google.com/a/ Virtual reality ❏ ❏ scienceleadership.org/what-if-history-project/home Wormhole ❏ ❏ tampabay.com/nie 3 What is alternate history? According to the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, alternate history is “an account of Earth as it might