ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE The Vicariate For P/J Christian Orthodox Communities In America 3`7"%9 >= 5+!_/X' 5+W+^O]Z(' 5+O4\$[/X' 5+ZBYX' 5:3+W(' St. George Orthodox Church/San Francisco $`O+O!'"= c3Y/ b$+#/03# a7@B(' 5O+W4 Archiepiscopal Vicar Father George Jweinat Archimandrite of the Ecumenical Throne Damaskinos Alazrai The Very Rev. Father Issa Awwad Rev. Father Hanna Khoury Office Phone:# 415-334-2234 Fr. George’s Cell: 415-860-4447 Home Phone# 650-692-4519 Office Fax: # 415-334-2275 Sunday March 5th, 2017 First Sunday Of Lent Tone 4 < ;:96$ -8#276$ 543(210$ /.& -,+*)('&%$ #"! Volume 24 Number 10 www.Stgeorgesf.org [email protected]

Monday February 27th, Started !"#$%#$&%'()*&%+,%'+-%+.(%/)#$&(%0&%)(&%+1%#$&%+1*&%)2)"1%+1%#$&% #$(&3$+4-%+,%'(&)#%5&1#6 )1- 0&%0"3$%7+.%0$+4&$&)(#&-47 !"#$$%"!&%"'()**)%"#+)!,"()&,- 8)7%#$&%5+(-%9):&%.3%)44%0+(#$7%#+%&;<&("&1*&%"#% "1%$&)4#$%)1-%%)1%.<4",#"12%+,%#$&%3+.4=% >1-%#+%?&%(&)-7%3<"("#.)447%#+%0+(3$"<%@"3%@+47%A)33"+1 )1-%*&4&?()#&%@"3%'4+("+.3%B&3.((&*#"+1= First Sunday of Lent: The Sunday of Orthodoxy -6#15$ 432(10%$ /.& -,+*)('&%$ #"! Lent was in origin the time of final preparation for candidates for baptism at the Vigil, and this is reflected in the readings at the Liturgy, today and on all the Sundays of Lent. But that basic theme came to be subordinated to later themes, which dominated the hymnography of each Sunday. The dominant theme of this Sunday since 843 has been that of the victory of the . In that year the iconoclastic controversy, which had raged on and off since 726, was finally laid to rest, and icons and their veneration were restored on the first Sunday in Lent. Ever since, that Sunday been commemorated as the "triumph of Orthodoxy."Orthodox teaching about icons was defined at the Seventh Ecumenical Council of 787, which brought to an end the first phase of the attempt to suppress icons. That teaching was finally re-established in 843, and it is embodied in the texts sung on this Sunday. The name of this Sunday reflects the great significance which icons possess for the Orthodox Church. They are not optional devotional extras, but an integral part of Orthodox faith and devotion. They are held to be a necessary consequence of Christian faith in the incarnation of the Word of God, the Second Person of the Trinity, in Christ. They have a sacramental character, making present to the believer the person or event depicted on them. So the interior of Orthodox churches is often covered with icons painted on walls and domed roofs, and there is always an screen, or iconostasis, separating the sanctuary from the nave, often with several rows of icons. No Orthodox home is complete without an icon corner, where the family prays. Icons are venerated by burning lamps and candles in front of them, by the use of incense and by kissing. But there is a clear doctrinal distinction between the veneration paid to icons and the worship due to God. The former is not only relative, it is in fact paid to the person represented by the icon. This distinction safeguards the veneration of icons from any charge of idolatry. Although the theme of the victory of the icons is a secondary one on this Sunday, by its emphasis on the incarnation it points us to the basic Christian truth that the one whose death and resurrection we celebrate at Easter was none other than the Word of God who became human in Jesus Christ. C'$B(' A/ 37 5%@? >= <3;:/9 8$7 64 54/321'0 /$.-(' ,+*)(' &% $#"! <3O% K 5P3O(' 83*N >= HIJK/L/M G='$1' <3;:/F' 8$7 &% <'@E:D Please Join Us Wednesday March 8th, 2017 @ 7:00 pm At The Service of Great Compline <3O% K 5P3O(' 83*N >= HIJK/L/L G='$1' 5;*)(' 8$7 &% <'@E:D 5;*# 8$7 64 <'/V;(' UT'@% SRQ And Every Friday Akathist Hymn Services, Starting This Friday March 3rd, 2017 @ 7:00 pm !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" St. George Orthodox Church 399 San Fernando Way San Francisco, Ca 94127

St. George Orthodox Church %#$!403/2& 10#,/.-, +*)('& %$#"! San Francisco ,+)*)('&! %$# "! Matins 12 Noon Liturgy 12:30 pm

Archiepiscopal Vicar Father George Jweinat ARCHIMANDRITE OF THE ECUMENICAL THRONE DAMASKINOS ALAZRAI TheVery Rev. Father Isa Awwad Rev. Father Hanna Khoury

8576543 $#"! 210 /.-,+ *)! $#"!( '&%! $#"! LIVE IN LADY TO HELP ELDERLY COUPLE IHG! FD&"! EDC /% BA@6?! >5=<( ;!:9 WITH PAY /.)-, +*)( '&%$#"! For More Information please call Father George PQRS/T/U O+!KG! :NM! LKJ @415-860-4447 8!:@X3 W#7V /.-,+ Our Venerable Mother Philothea of Athens (1589) Forty Days Memorial For the Child Of God !"This bright star of compassion arose in the NICOLAS FADI SHATARA dark days of the Turkish occupation to shed This Sunday March 5th, 2017 God's mercy upon the oppressed people of By His Beloved Parents FADI & LUSIANA, His Grandparents Athens and to guide many endangered souls GEORGE & WAFA SHATARA & all the SHATARA & onto the path of righteousness." She was BARAJAS Families in blessed Forty days memorial for the Child of born in 1528 to the prominent Venizelou God NICOLAS FADI SHATARA . May his blessed memory be family, miraculously answering her eternal. mother's prayer of many years. Though Bread Altar Offering: even in childhood she showed a love for The Holy Bread Altar Offering (Corban St. Mark 7:11) will be specially offered for the Holy ascesis and prayer, she was much sought- Sanctify of the Divine Liturgy. after as a wealthy heiress, and was married at the age of twelve to a By the St. George Parish Family in blessed Memory of our Brother in Christ IBRAHIM KHALIL BATSHON. Our rough, violent man. She endured his ill-treatment nobly, and prayed Deepest sympathies to our Beloved Father ISA & Khourieh daily for his conversion. After three years, the brutal husband died, FAIZEH AWWAD. May His blessed Memory be eternal. and Philothea gave herself entirely to a life of prayer and fasting, living like a hermitess though still in her parents' house. When her By GEORGE & WAFA, NIMITALLAH & HANAN, parents died ten years later, she used her entire fortune to found a MUNTAHA SHATARA & Their Families in blessed memory convent. Its design had been given her in a vision by the Apostle of beloved Parents & Grandparents NASER, FARIDEH, AZIZ Andrew, and it was dedicated to him. Alongside the monastery, she & JAMILEH SHATARA, GEORGETTE & IBRAHIM founded a hospital, a hospice for the poor, and schools where boys SALAMY , SAMI & SANDRA TOTAH, JALIL, TINA & and girls could receive a Christian education, something obviously RITA TOTAH, SALEM & JULIA JILDEHY . May Their not provided by the Turkish rulers. As soon as the monastery was Blessed Memory begun, she took monastic vows under the name of Philothea, and By GHASSAN & GEORGINA, SAMI & GEORGE & she, her own maidservants, and many young women of the city, NAWAL TOTAH in blessed memory of beloved Daughter & became the first nuns there. Philothea continued in her boundless Sister & Grand daughter SANDRA TOTAH. May Her Blessed compassion for the poor and infirm, whom she visited and tended. Memory Be Eternal. She was so free in her almsgiving that more than once the By the St. George Parish Family in Thanksgiving to God and monastery was left without food or other necessities of life, and the in Congratulations to HAIL & SAIDA JWEINAT on the sisters began to complain about her. But each time, large donations occasion of the Baptism of their Child of God ANABELLA appeared unexpectedly and saved the community from starvation. ANA JWEINAT. Philothea offered asylum and refuge to Christian slave women who By the St. George Parish Family in Thanksgiving to God for had fled their masters to preserve their faith and chastity. This the continued good health of JAMILEH MUHAWIEH. angered the Turks, who surrounded the monastery, seized Philothea, and brought her before the judge. She was told to deny Christ or die, By the St. George Parish Family in Thanksgiving to God for and when she refused was sentenced to death; but some influential the continued good health of KARIMEH RAFIDI. Athenian Greeks were able to intervene on her behalf and to obtain By the St. George Parish Family in Thanksgiving to God for the her release. Immediately upon her release she redoubled her continued good health of NABEEHA SAHOURIEH. prayers, her apostolic labors and her works of mercy, and was soon granted the gift of working miracles and healings. So many disciples By the St. George Parish Family in Thanksgiving to god for the came to join her that she established a second monastery. Her growing continued good health of FAYEQ KHOURI. ********************************************************************* influence aroused the hatred of some of the Turks, who broke into the Head Ushers: Maher Haddad, monastery one night and beat her violently, leaving her half-dead. She bore Ushers: Milad Dalo, Basem Husary & Elias Husary the effects of her injuries patiently, and after a short time gave back her Head of Altar Boys: Michael Batshon, soul to God in 1589. Twenty years after her repose, a beautiful scent began Altar BoysOmar Jweinat, Isa Kaleh, Sami & George Totah to issue from her tomb. Her precious , venerated at the Cathedral in Athens, remain incorrupt to this day. The First Sunday of the Great Lent ,+*)! (' &%"! $#"! Known as the Sunday of Orthodoxy Blessed art thou, O Lord, the God of our Fathers. For thou 98765+43"! $#21 0%/.-! art just in all that thou hast done to us ;F1 ?N.G ;' M6 LG &K;J I>HG .;FE;1D C)B A3 ;@ ?>= <3;:' Section from the Epistle of St. Paul to the 5)4 31'2)+ /)10 /.-,)+ *)('& %$ #"! Hebrews (11:24-26; 32 to end) YE Brethren: By faith Moses, when he was come to (=-<=:;;) :98+276)+ years, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter. . +&""52""9 86""() 7#6""($ .54""! +3 .(3 21""0 #""/ .-&"", +#*""!)#""( '&""%$ #""! Choosing rather to suffer affliction with the people of 2 1;""""5$: .ONML""""K>#""""( J;I&"""">= B;*;>= .H5 FG = ED""""C B, A#@?"""">= <#;""""%$: God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season; Esteeming the reproach of Christ greater riches than the = [#"""",: .Z=&Y"""">= .>$ 2S""""X 8""""X) 2W"""", V&6""""0 U"""", TS""""53 .6R QMP/= <#""""5 treasures in Egypt: for he had respect unto the + &?*"C: a=<#"(: +&"54"` U"5 _21"%3 +$ ^"I&">= JXV&D"! 8"X$ 7#]"!3 \&"I3 recompense of the reward. And what shall I more say? for = &H*""5: k"">#*""/= =:2""jI +#*""!)#""( U""!i"">= .A#M1""Xh=: gM""f&*""e: d:=d: c#;b""!: the time would fail me to tell of Gideon , and to Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and U "", =&p""X: <#6"">= '4""o =:nb""m3: .d&""-h= l=&""93 =:4""-: 4""5=&""/= =&"">#""X: 21"">= Samuel, and of the prophets: Who through faith subdued v &M"` =&",u"t \#;@">= J9 A=4"C3 =:<#"e: qD"s U", =:&@"r: qMP">= 4"o kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, Quenched the violence of 2 M""""r&;""""( +:2""""%x Zi""""5: O"""",#M@"""">#""""( Uj""""r=&"""",3 A#P""""X ^D""""`2;""""-$: A#""""(2w"""">= fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were + :2""""%x: .g]""""93 O"""",#M""""I =&"""">#6M""""> '#p6"""">#""""( =&H1@""""! T"""">: Z2]"""">=: A#]""""5h= made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the 4 """""y( =&6y;""""",$: =:2"""""?X =&*"""""`< {z&1y""""">=: d&M@""""">=: 4H"""""p>=: Au"""""j>= =&"""""I=[ armies of the aliens. Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting + &@"""!#]""", +:V&D""", T"""t: uD"""/=: T6w""">= d&H"""` J9 =&"""9#"""m .=&"""r#""", qMP""">= deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection: .(Tj> 7#@y;P, T>#D>= U|! T>:) .+:d&jp, And others had trial of cruel mocking and scourging, yea, A ÇÅj"9 .Ä=: ~<=21">= J9 }"jf#"r =&"X#|"9 moreover of bonds and imprisonment: They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the 7 =2M""""(4""""r #6""""> 2""""(d FG = +h 4""""5&""""/= =&"""">#6""""! T""""> +#*""""!)#""""( Tj""""> d&j?""""/= TjH""""0 sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; .#6X:4( }H,#0 =&HDp! Ç +3 g]93 being destitute, afflicted, tormented; (Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in (FE1. /.-,)+ D&(C0 %$ #9B84 mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth. And these (G=-<<:;) all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise: God having provided some better thing 4 """"`&""""9 gMH""""p>= .>$ Ñ:2""""K>= É&P""""! d=<3 +#"""",u"""">= k"""">[ J9 for us, that thy without us should not be made perfect. U """"", =4M"""""e ^M"""""( U""""", Ö1HM"""""9 +#"""""0: J6D1r$ 8"""""> \#@"""""9 Ö1HM"""""9 The Gospel: From St. John (1:43 to end) At that time: Jesus went forth into Galilee, and findeth + $ 8"""> \#@"""9 gM"""f#6Y"""X Ö1HM"""9 4"""`:: .z2L"""(: z:=<4"""X$ O6"""!4""", Philip, and saith unto him: Follow me. Now Philip was of É &P"! &"t: l#"X4"`: 4"I A#M1"Xh=: z&",#6">= J9 86"5 E;"0 ~i">= Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter. Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of ' 2"""e#6""">= U""",3 gM"""f#6Y"""X 8"""> \#@"""9 .'2"""e#6""">= U""", q"""-&"""! U"""( whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph. And Nathanael said unto . 2S"""X$: \#D"""r Ö1HM"""9 8"""> \#@"""9 .Q>#"""e ÜM"""C +&|"""! +3 U|*"""! him, Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth? J HMf=2""""-$ =[&""""t 86""""5 \#@""""9 8M"""">$ à7 1@"""", gM""""f#6Y""""X É&P""""! á3<: Philip saith unto him, Come and see.Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold and Israelite äJ692Dr U!3 U, gMf#6YX 8> \#@9 .8M9 âR Ç 7#@o indeed, in whom is no guile! Nathanael saith unto him, Whence knowest thou me? Jesus answered and said unto ^ """"X3: Ö1HM""""9 ã&""""54""""! +3 g1""""I JX$ 8""""> \#""""I: É&P""""! Z#""""`3 him, Before that Philip called thee, when thou wast under .k;!3< O6M;>= ^yr the fig tree, I saw thee. Nathanael answered and saith unto him, Rabbi, thou art the son of God; thou art the .gMf=2-$ kH, FG = U($ ^X3 THD, #! \#I: gMf#6YX Z#`3 King of Israel. Jesus answered and said unto him, ^ y""""""r k;""""""!3< JX$ k""""""> ^H""""""I JXh3 8""""""> \#""""""I: É&P""""""! Z#""""""`3 Because, I said unto thee, I saw thee under the fig tree, believest thou? thou shalt see greater things than these. .=it U, TS53 U!#D;- kX3 ^6,x O6M;>= And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God O "o&;b", A#*P">= +:2;"- T|"X3 T|"> \&"I3 åy">= åy">= \#"I: ascending and descending upon the Son of man. 2?1>= U($ .H5 +&>u6!: +:4DW! FG = O|fà,: ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE THE VICARIATE FOR Palestinian /Jordanian ORTHODOX COMMUNITIES IN AMERICA Monthly Schedule Sheet March 2017 The Very Rev. Archimandrite of the Ecumenical Throne Dr. DAMASKINOS ALAZRAI ABCD (/8@ "?>0 3=(<;/ :6+915%8 .7 3#6154/ 32"10/ .-(,+*)(' &%$#"!

The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts St. Stephen Orthodox Church 6:00 Wednesday March 1st, 2017 I5-,HG F!$50/ :/,E 11055 Hirschfeld Way, Rancho Cardova CA pm First Akathyst Hymn Saints Peter & Paul Orthodox Church 7:00 Friday, March 3rd, 2017 LK;/ J-,4/ 1924 Trinity Ave. Walnut Creek CA 94596 pm

8:30 am First Annual Orthodox Bioethics Saint Lawrence Orthodox Church Saturday, March 4th, 2017 - 6192 Highway 9, Felton CA 95018 Conference 2:00 pm

Divine Liturgy First Sunday Of Lent - Sunday of Orthodoxy Saint Lawrence Orthodox Church 9:00 Sunday, March 5th, 2017 S2,H4/ V$#6H-;/ UT( S95R86Q(;/ ,M' - P6O0/ N% LK;/ ,M;/ 6192 Highway 9, Felton CA 95018 am

Great Compline & Bible Study AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Monday March 6th, 2017 ["Z10/ P6+0/ YXW 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm

The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Wednesday, March 8th, 2017 I5-,HG F!$50/ :/,E 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm

Second Akathyst Hymn AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Friday, March 10th, 2017 3#$\0/ J-,4/ 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm

Southern California For More Information About The Place Please Call The 6:00 Saturday, March 11th, 2017 Monthly Adult Youth (16-25)Meeting Very Rev. Father Damaskinos Alazrai @ 951-289-1043 pm

Divine Liturgy - Gregory of Palamas Sunday AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 10:15 Sunday, March 12th, 2017 :$%`$! :6-(6_-"^ ]-,H0/ ,M' 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 am

Great Compline & Bible Study AL BISHARA Orthodox Church Monday, March 13th, 2017 7:00pm ["Z10/ P6+0/ YXW 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410

The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Wednesday, March 15th, 2017 I5-,HG F!$50/ :/,E 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm

Third Akathyst Hymn AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Friday, March 17th, 2017 a0$\0/ J-,4/ 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm The Decent of the Holy Spirit Orthodox Mission 10:00 Saturday, March 18th, 2017 Divine Liturgy 3749 Hillview Rd Santa Maria, am

Divine Liturgy AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 10:15 Sunday, March 19th, 2017 Veneration of the Holy Cross 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 am -,*+*% )('&%$ #"! Great Compline & Bible Study AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Monday, March 20th, 2017 6543%$ 2(1%$ 0/. 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm The Liturgy of the Presanctified AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Wednesday, March 22nd, 2017 Gifts 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm ?&>#=< ;:9&%$ 8$#7 Forth Akathyst Hymns AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Friday, March 24th, 2017 B:$5%$ A>#@$ 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm Holy Week & Pascha Concert @DC9.-B '6:%A: @64(? AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 7:00 Saturday, March 25th, 2017 7/N<% MLK!% /6JI HGF% E$DC% 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 pm HR4!% @Q$P O( @(/N( Divine Liturgy AL BISHARA Orthodox Church 10:15 Sunday, March 26th, 2017 Sunday Of John The Ladder 2525 Etiwanda Ave. San Bernardino CA 92410 am FE*D &%$ 91"(> C>#=%$ #"! St. Matthew Church Great Compline & Bible Study 7:00 Thursday, March 30th, 2017 3005 6th Street~ Ceres, CA95307 6543%$ 2(1%$ 0/. pm (suburb of Modesto) Fifth Akathyst Hymn ST. GEORGE ORTHODOX CATHEDRAL 7:00 Friday, March 31st, 2017 A6U*%I T(9S!% M0/<% 1617 South Gate - Daly City CA pm Wishing You A Holy & Blessed Lent May The Lord Be With You Always To Contact The Very Rev. Archimandrite Damskinos 7$.654(3 .2 10+/.-,+*% )( '&%$#"! [email protected] - 9512891043 : >$-=<% ;:98!% ! !"#$!%!&#!!'()' *+,-.+/'01+'23.'*+12.42516'10'23.'7681+69' !&#!!%&#$!'()''''''''' :.;5/2+,2516',6<'=100..9'' ' !"#$!%&"'() !&#$!%>!#$!'()''''''''''''''>/2'?.//516' ´@1A'(81+2516'3,BB.6/'C'52·/'.00.42'16','D1E,6·/' *'+,&',"-'+!) 81<-µ' ! ' F-#':.G9'H+9'I+'?B-+5<16'J,K.3' !"#$%&$'()"*)+,$-$./010+)/$'()"*)+0234$56781+3$'"%&922%":$ ;10<9"203,$%&$3(9$')+0&0+·2$=+(%%/$%&$'()"*)+,#$ ')23%"$ %&$=)0132$'939"$ -$ ')8/$>"3(%6%?$.(8"+(4$@)/183$ ."99A4$.5$ ' >!#$!²>>#$!'()'''''''''''''''L6"3(%6%?$.(8"+(4$H9/3%1$.5$$ 789:!",;3/+)!9%#-!5?! ' 9@A8B! >>#$!%>L#$!'*)'' '''''''SO643' ! %3 ' *+%60'+)!C+013!D L#$!%!>#$!'*)''''''''''''''''$+<'?.//516' :A8E! T(8/256.64.',6<'N3.'FP.//56;'10'=35P<+.6'56','*+1% (81+2516'?145.2-T'' F-#'N3.Q.+-':.G9'I,23.+'J136'(9'*.4R' I!%+3%"$%&$B01023",F#$583(%"4$J<)1K9/0234$L/%KK9":$M%8"19,$ WR2UWKRGR[\*RRG*X\V:HDU%ODFN3UHDFKHU·V,QVWLWXWH$ $ !>#$!%!L#!!'*)''''''''''''''''I56,P':.E,+R/' ' F-#'N3.'Q.+-':.G9'I,23.+'H,E,/R561/'(P,U+,5M' ! (+435E,6<+52.'V0'N3.'W4OE.654,P'N3+16.M$ ! '(!$I'2,+(%/%K,F$ ! F3,$!G&+0·$!F#H,1I! ! ¶F?JK!CG!"?LM!L2F! CG!.N=Kµ! !

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"+*)(' A-51-$! A-!@? St. Leo the Great the Pope of Rome

Saint Leo I the Great, Pope of Rome (440-461), received a fine and diverse education, which opened for him the possibility of an excellent worldly career. He yearned for the spiritual life, however, and so he chose the path of becoming an archdeacon under holy Pope Sixtus III (432-440), after whose death Saint Leo was chosen as Bishop of Rome in September 440.

These were difficult times for the Church, when heretics assaulted Orthodoxy with their false teachings.

Saint Leo combined pastoral solicitude and goodness with an unshakable firmness in the confession of the Faith. He was in particular one of the basic defenders of Orthodoxy against the heresies of Eutyches and Dioscorus, who taught that there was only one nature in the Lord Jesus Christ. He was also a defender against the heresy of Nestorius.

He exerted all his influence to put an end to the unrest by the heretics in the Church, and by his letters to the holy emperors Theodosius II (408-450) and Marcian (450-457), he actively promoted the convening of the Fourth Ecumenical Council, at Chalcedon in 451, to condemn the heresy of the Monophysites.

At the Council at Chalcedon, at which 630 bishops were present, a letter of Saint Leo to the deceased Saint Flavian, Patriarch of Constantinople (447-449) was read. Saint Flavian had suffered for Orthodoxy under the “Robber Council” of Ephesus in the year 449. In the letter of Saint Leo the Orthodox teaching about the two natures [the divine and the human] in the Lord Jesus Christ was set forth. All the bishops present at the Council were in agreement with this teaching, and so the heretics Eutyches and Dioscorus were excommunicated from the Church.

Saint Leo was also a defender of his country against the incursions of barbarians. In 452, by the persuasive power of his words, he stopped Attila the Hun from pillaging Italy. Again in the year 455, when the leader of the Vandals [a Germanic tribe], Henzerich, turned towards Rome, he persuaded him not to pillage the city, burn buildings, nor to spill blood.

He knew the time of his death beforehand, and he prepared himself, with forty days of fasting and prayer, to pass from this world into eternity.

He died in the year 461 and was buried at Rome. His literary and theological legacy is comprised of 96 sermons and 143 letters, of which the best known is his to Saint Flavian.

Troparion — Tone 3

You were the Church’s instrument / in strengthening the teaching of true doctrine; / you shone forth from the West like a sun dispelling the errors of the heretics. / Righteous Leo, entreat Christ God to grant us His great mercy.

Troparion — Tone 8

O Champion of Orthodoxy, and teacher of holiness, / The enlightenment of the universe and the inspired glory of true believers. / O most wise Father Leo, your teachings are as music of the Holy Spirit for us! / Pray that Christ our God may save our souls!

Kontakion — Tone 3

Seated upon the throne of the priesthood, glorious Leo, / you shut the mouths of the spiritual lions. / With divinely inspired teachings of the honored Trinity, / you shed the light of the knowledge of God upon your flock. / Therefore, you are glorified as a divine initiate of the grace of God.

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