DOCSLIB.ORG

Toimintakertomus 2005

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Toimintakertomus 2005 Dnro 1/031/2006 15.3.2006 VALTION TALOUDELLISEN TUTKIMUSKESKUKSEN (VATT) TOIMINTAKERTOMUS 2005 Helsinki 2006 SISÄLLYSLUETTELO 1. JOHDON KATSAUS TOIMINTAAN ................................................................................................................................... 3 2. TULOKSELLISUUDEN KUVAUS ...................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 TOIMINNAN VAIKUTTAVUUS .............................................................................................................................................. 5 TUTKIMUSALUE I TYÖMARKKINAT, VEROTUS JA SOSIAALITURVA ............................................................................................. 5 TUTKIMUSALUE II JULKINEN TALOUS, YRITYKSET JA INTEGRAATIO .......................................................................................... 9 TUTKIMUSALUE III YMPÄRISTÖ JA INFRASTRUKTUURIT ....................................................................................................... 11 TUTKIMUSALUE IV JULKISET PALVELUT JA ALUETALOUS ..................................................................................................... 14 2.2 TOIMINNALLINEN TULOKSELLISUUS .................................................................................................................................. 19 2.3 TULOSANALYYSI JA JOHTOPÄÄTÖKSET ............................................................................................................................. 29 3. TILINPÄÄTÖSLASKELMIEN ANALYYSI ......................................................................................................................... 30 3.1 TILINPÄÄTÖSLASKELMAT............................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 TILINPÄÄTÖSLASKELMIEN LIITTEENÄ ANNETTAVAT TIEDOT .................................................................................................... 33 3.3 TILINPÄÄTÖSLASKELMIEN TARKASTELU............................................................................................................................. 37 4. SISÄISEN VALVONNAN ARVIOINTI- JA VAHVISTUSLAUSUMA ..................................................................................... 39 5. MÄÄRÄAJOIN TEHTÄVIEN KOKONAISARVIOINTIEN TULOKSET.................................................................................. 39 6. YHTEENVETOTIEDOT VÄÄRINKÄYTÖKSISTÄ............................................................................................................... 39 7. ALLEKIRJOITUS ........................................................................................................................................................... 40 LIITTEET............................................................................................................................................................................ 41 TUOTOKSET ................................................................................................................................................................. 41 PROJEKTIBUDJETTIEN JA TOTEUTUNEIDEN MENOJEN VERTAILU 1.1. – 31.12.2005......................................................................... 66 PROJEKTIBUDJETTIEN JA TOTEUTUNEEN KEHITYKSEN VERTAILU PROJEKTIRYHMITTÄIN .................................................................... 67 YHTEENVETO JULKAISUISTA 2005 ................................................................................................................................... 69 2 1. JOHDON KATSAUS TOIMINTAAN Vuonna 2005 valtiovarainministeriön kanssa tehdyssä tulostavoiteasiakirjassa ja VATT:n toimintasuun- nitelmassa esitetyt tavoitteet saavutettiin hyvin. Vuoden 2005 toimintasuunnitelma toteutui myös hyvin. Toiminnan tuotoissa saavutettiin kaikkien aikojen korkein taso. Kansainvälinen toiminta oli vilkasta ja asiantuntijapalveluiden kysyntä pysytteli korkealla tasolla. VATT tutkii kestävän taloudellisen kasvun edellytyksiä, hyvinvointiyhteiskunnan haasteita ja julkiseen talouteen liittyvien politiikkatoimenpiteiden vaikutuksia. Tutkimustyön sisältöä on painotettu hallitusohjelman ja valtiovarainministeriön strategisten tavoitteiden mukaisesti tutkimuksen vaikuttavuuden tehostamiseksi. Vuonna 2005 esillä oli erityisesti julkisen sektorin tuottavuus- ja vaikuttavuustutkimuksiin panostaminen. VATT:n päätuotteita ovat olleet tutkimusohjelman, toimintasuunnitelman ja tulostavoite- asiakirjan mukaisten tutkimusraporttien tuottaminen ja erilaiset asiantuntijapalvelut, kuten luennot, esitelmät sekä erilaisiin työ- ja asiantuntijaryhmiin osallistuminen. Budjettirahoitukseen sisältyvänä normaalina asiantuntijapalveluna Valtiovarainministeriölle on laadittu tarvittaessa pienehköjä selvityksiä ja muistioita VATT:n osaamisalueilta. Tutkimustyöstä ja sen tuloksista on tiedotettu tiedotustilaisuuksilla, lehdistötiedotteilla ja lehtikirjoituksilla sekä antamalla medialle haastatteluja. Toimintakertomus sisältää yksityiskohtaisen kuvauksen VATT:n tuotoksista. VATT:n toiminta on organisoitu neljään tutkimusalueeseen. Tämän lisäksi VATT:ssa on hallintoyksikkö johon kuuluu myös tietohallinto, ja suoraan ylijohtajan alaisena esikuntayksikkönä viestintä ja kirjasto. Tutkimusalueiden välinen yhteistyö on nähty tärkeäksi toiminnan tehokkuuden ja joustavuuden kannalta, ja tutkimusprojekteja onkin sen vuoksi toteutettu tarvittaessa joustavasti eri alueiden välisenä yhteistyönä. Vuoden 2005 aikana kehitetyn tuottavuusmittauksen alustavien tulosten mukaan toiminnan volyymi kaikilla päätoimintoalueilla kehittyi vuoden 2005 aikana suotuisasti. Viimeksi kuluneen viisivuotiskauden aikana VATT:n tuottavuus on kasvanut selvästi. Osaamisen ja tutkimusten laadun kehittämisen kannalta tärkeä kansainvälinen yhteistyö toteutui monipuolisesti ja kehittyi myös suotuisasti. Tuloksena kansainvälisestä toiminnasta oli mm. osallistuminen Kiinan ja Japanin hallitusten järjestämiin korkean tason tulevaisuusfoorumeihin, kansainväliset yhteistyöprojektit, tukijoiden julkaisut kansainvälisissä tiedelehdissä ja vilkas esitelmöinti kansainvälisissä konferensseissa ja tutkijatyöpajoissa. Economicumin laitosten järjestämistä tutkijaseminaareista on informoitu kaikkia tutkijoita. EU-mission edustajat vierailivat VATT:ssa 11.2.2005 ja OECD:n pääekonomisti Jean-Philippe Cotis vieraili VATT:ssa 18.5.2005. Näissä tapaamisissa käsiteltiin ajankohtaisia talouspolitiikkaan liittyviä tutkimuksia VATT:ssa. Thaimaan pääministerin alainen Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board Thaimaasta vieraili VATT:ssa 19.9.2005. Keskusteluissa käsiteltiin mm. VATT:n tutkimustoimintaa ja sen hyödyntämistä päätösten valmistelussa. Development Research Center of State Council P.R. China edustajia vieraili VATT:ssa 9.12.2005. Tämä organisaatio vastaa valtiollisten yritysten yksityistämiseen liittyvistä valmistelutehtävistä. Keskustelun kohteena oli Suomen kokemuksen liikelaitostamisesta ja yhtiöittämisestä. Kokemus osoittaa, että tutkimustyön tuloksellisuuden ja laadun kehittäminen on pitkäjänteistä toimintaa. Tämä edellyttää vahvaa tulevaisuuden visiota ja siihen sitoutumista. Tarvitaan myös tutkimustoiminnan suunnittelua sekä investointeja tutkimusosaamisen, tutkimusmenetelmien ja – aineistojen kehittämiseen. Avainasemassa ovat henkilöstön kehittäminen ja uudet henkilöstörekrytoinnit. Näiden tavoitteiden ja päämäärien toteuttamiseksi uudistettiin vuonna 2005 VATT:n strategia ja laadittiin uudistettu 3 tutkimusohjelma vuosille 2006 – 2008 sekä vuosille 2003 - 2005 laaditun tutkimusohjelmakauden päätyttyä. Strategiatyössä tarkistettiin visio, käytiin läpi toiminnan avainalueet yhteistyössä henkilöstön ja keskeisten sidosryhmien kanssa. VATT:n strategiatyössä hyödynnettiin sidosryhmähaastatteluja, valtiovarainministeriön strategiatyötä ja hallituksen strategia-asiakirjoja. VATT:n neuvottelukunta osallistui aktiivisesti sekä strategian että tutkimusohjelman linjausten laadintaan ja niistä käytyyn keskusteluun. Strategia mukaisesti VATT tutkii Suomen kansantalouden pitkän ajan kestävän talouskasvun edellytyksiä ja hyvinvointiyhteiskunnan haasteita. Tutkimus palvelee päätöksentekoa, sen toimeenpanoa ja kansalaiskeskustelua. Tutkimuskohteiden talouspoliittinen ja julkistaloudellinen politiikkarelevanssi on keskeinen tutkimustyön suuntaamisessa. Tutkimuksissa keskitytään ensisijaisesti politiikkatoimenpiteiden vaikuttavuuteen sekä julkisen sektorin tuottavuuden analysointiin. Tutkimustyössä käytetään taloustieteen uusinta tietoa ja menetelmiä. Soveltavana tutkimuslaitoksena yhteistyö muiden tieteenalojen ja tutkimuslaitosten kanssa on tärkeätä. Uudistetun strategia mukaisesti VATT:n visiona on tuottaa yhteiskunnallisesti vaikuttavaa tutkimusta Suomen taloudesta ja sen haasteista sekä politiikan vaikutuksista. VATT toimii luotettavana, riippumattomana ja kansainvälisesti verkottuneena asiantuntijayhteisönä. Työyhteisönä VATT innostaa ja palkitsee henkilöstöä. Strategian mukaisina VATT:n toiminnan arvoina ovat vastuullisuus, avoimuus, innovatiivisuus, oikeudenmukaisuus ja yhteisöllisyys. Henkilöstöllä on luotu edellytykset osallistua erilaisiin itsensä kehittämistoimiin, joita VATT on hyvin vahvasti tukenut. Valtiovarainministeriön ohjeistukseen perustuen on laadittu suunnitelma määräaikaisten tehtävien vähentämiseksi ja henkilöstön vakinaistamiseksi. Tätä vakinaistamissuunnitelmaa on myös jo toteutettu. VATT vietti 15-vuotisjuhlaa lokakuun alussa järjestetyn vuosipäivän seminaarin muodossa.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bank of Finland Survey on Capital Requirements
    Bank of Finland Survey on Bank Capital Requirements: Preliminary Results April 2019 Bank of Finland Survey on Bank Capital Requirements Survey Team List of members of the Survey Team Esa Jokivuolle Bank of Finlandy Iftekhar Hasan Fordham University and Bank of Finlandy Kim Ristolainen University of Turku Gene Ambrocio Bank of Finlandy Members of the Survey Advisory Board Mark Flannery Thomas Gehrig Seppo Honkapohja William Kerr Philip Molyneux Steven Ongena George Pennacchi Tuomas Valimaki yThe Bank of Finland is the national monetary authority and the central bank of Finland. At the same time, it is also part of the Eurosystem, which is responsible for monetary policy and other central bank tasks in the euro area and administers use of the world's second largest currency - the euro. The Survey, its contents, and potential use does not necessarily reflect the views, opinion, and intended course of action of the Bank of Finland, its Board, or the Eurosystem. i Bank of Finland Survey on Bank Capital Requirements Survey Description Following the Global Financial Crisis of 2007{2009, banking regulation has undergone signifi- cant reforms. In conjunction, the academic literature on banking regulation has made a great deal of progress in identifying key issues and tackling many of these in turn. The optimal amount of capital banks should have remains a central question. In order to facilitate an overview of the current state and future of banking regulation, with a focus on bank capital requirements, we have conducted a survey addressed to leading academic experts worldwide in the field of economics and finance.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of National Finnish Health Promotion Policies and Recommendations for the Future
    WHO_FIN.FH9 Tue Jan 14 11:23:33 2003 Page 1 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Review of national Finnish health promotion policies and recommendations for the future WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark Telephone: +45 39 17 17 17 Review of national Finnish health Fax: +45 39 17 18 18 E-mail: [email protected] www.euro.who.int promotion policies and recommendations for the future Composite Review of national Finnish health promotion policies and recommendations for the future KEYWORDS EVALUATION STUDIES; HEALTH PROMOTION – organization and administration; HEALTH POLICY; FINLAND 2 For more information please contact Dr Erio Ziglio at the WHO European Office for Investment for Health and Development in Venice at e-mail: [email protected] The Venice Office was set up to advise Member States in the WHO European Region on understanding and acting upon the social and economic determinants of health. There is increasing evidence that economic wealth and people’s health are closely linked. Social and economic determinants play the major role in influencing the health of populations, whether through poverty, employment, education, housing, or the many other factors that shape people’s daily lives. The Venice Office works in three main areas: S Research and development - review, monitoring and dissemination of research on social and economic determinants and their impact on the patterns of ill health. S Country services - providing services to European Member States to increase their capacity to invest for health. S Information material - developing and disseminating evidence through specially designed information about knowledge and know-how in the area of social and economic determinants.
    [Show full text]
  • Extending Working Life in Finland
    EXTENDING WORKING LIFE IN FINLAND MARTEN VON WERDER AND ANNA-ELISABETH THUM CEPS WORKING DOCUMENT NO. 387 NOVEMBER 2013 Abstract This report reviews national and private initiatives to allow the elderly to continue their participation in the Finnish labour market and provides an analysis of the labour market and living conditions of seniors. We are interested in how those over 50 can be engaged in various forms of employment and lifelong learning. We find strong evidence that Finland generally provides good institutional conditions for active ageing. The quick and early ageing process was tackled by the fundamental pension reform that already prolonged retirement substantially and will probably facilitate later retirement as the attitudes concerning retirement change. On the other hand, Finland still seems to lack behind the other Nordic welfare states, has considerable problems in providing the same health conditions to low educated people in physically demanding occupations and could - with respect to family pension in particular - invest further effort in reforming the pension system. While many of the reforms Finland has conducted seem to be favourable and transferable to other European countries that still face the steepest phases of ageing in their societies, a reluctance towards changing attitudes that we observe in Finland, shows that organizing active ageing is a long-term project. Research for this paper was conducted as part of MoPAct, a four year project funded by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme to provide the research and practical evidence upon which Europe can begin to make longevity an asset for social and economic development.
    [Show full text]
  • Seppo Honkapohja: 1St Hundred Years of the Bank of Finland
    Seppo Honkapohja: 1st hundred years of the Bank of Finland Speech by Mr Seppo Honkapohja, Member of the Board of the Bank of Finland, at the Finnish Economic Association XXXVII Annual Meeting, Helsinki, 12 February 2015. * * * The Bank of Finland was established in 1811, by an Imperial Decree of Emperor Alexander I. We are the fourth oldest central bank operating today. Only the Swedish Riksbank, the Bank of England, and Banque de France are older. The Bank of Finland is also more than 100 years older than Finland’s political independence, which was achieved only in 1917. In this speech I will tell you about the first hundred years of the Bank, including its old main building where we have this reception. The first task of the Bank of Finland was to separate the Finnish financial system from Sweden by issuing (rouble- and kopeck–denominated) notes, and by granting credits to Finnish landowners and merchants. The Bank of Finland was originally established in the city of Turku, in the south-west of Finland, and moved to Helsinki, the new capital of the country, in 1819. Initially the Bank operated out of a house owned by Commercial Counselor Sederholm, and then moved to the Senate House. A purpose-built building was completed on Tallinmaki, Nikolai Street, in 1883. I will shortly tell you more about the main building. Despite the efforts of the Bank of Finland, Swedish money remained widely used in Finland until 1840, when Finland went on the silver standard (following Russia), and the remaining Swedish paper money was withdrawn from circulation.
    [Show full text]
  • H.E. Harri Holkeri, President
    United Nations Nations Unies T HE PRESIDENT OF THE GEN ERAL ASSEMBLY LE PRESIDENT DE L’AS SEMBLEE GENERALE Biography of Mr. Harri Holkeri, President of the 55th Session of the General Assembly Mr. Harri Holkeri, the President of the fifty-fifth session of the United Nations General Assembly—the Millennium Assembly—brings to the post a wealth of political experience, as well as a reputation as a skilled mediator and consensus builder. He was Finland's Prime Minister from 1987 to 1991, and for over four decades has served his country and the international community in several political and economic posts. The most renowned and prestigious conservative political figure in Finland over the last few decades, he served as Secretary of the National Coalition Party from 1965 to 1971 and as Party Leader from 1971 to 1979. From 1970 to 1978, he was a Member of the Parliament. He also served as a Member of the Board of Governors of the Bank of Finland (central bank) from 1978 to 1997. As Prime Minister, he headed a coalition formed by his party and the Social Democrats. Mr. Holkeri played a key role in developing the social consensus that led to the creation of the coalition government in power from 1987 to 1991, and of which he was Prime Minister. That government was based on cooperation between the Conservative and the Social Democratic parties—a cooperation that extended to international affairs as well. His political philosophy— “You cannot make easy decisions unless you first commit yourself to hard solutions”—has guided his political life.
    [Show full text]
  • The Best Interests of the Child in Asylum and Refugee Procedures in Finland
    Ombudsman for Minorities, National Rapporteur on Traffi cking in Human Beings P.O. Box 26 FI-00023 GOVERNMENT Tel: 071 878 0171 Internet: www.ofm.fi Annika Parsons The best interests of the child in asylum and refugee procedures in Finland Publication 6 Annika Parsons THE BEST INTERESTS OF The child IN ASYlUM and refugEE procEdures in Finland Vähemmistövaltuutettu Helsinki 2010 © Vähemmistövaltuutettu ISBN: 978-952-491-512-0 ISSN: 1798-694X painoyhtymä Oy porvoo 2010 Contents Foreword...................................................................................................... 3 ABSTRACT................................................................................................. 5 I.INTRODUCTION..................................................................................... 7 1..Subject.and.structure.of.the.report..................................................... 7 2..Material.of.the.report.......................................................................... 9 3..Relevance.of.the.report..................................................................... 12 II.RIGHTS.OF.THE.CHILD.AND.THE.CHILD’S.BEST.. INTERESTS.IN.INTERNATIONAL.CONVENTIONS,.. STATUTES,.GUIDELINES.AND.RECOMMENDATIONS.................. 13 1..The.rights.of.the.child.and.the.child’s.best.interests.in.. international.conventions...................................................................... 13 2..The.rights.of.the.child.and.the.child’s.best.interests.on.. the.European.level...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Olli Rehn's Calendar
    Olli Rehn’s calendar Governor of the Bank of Finland Member of the ECB Governing Council May 2019 Date Event1 Place 2 May Speech: ‘European Economic and Monetary Stockholm Policy Outlook’, Riksbanken and U.S. National Association of Business Economics (NABE) seminar 6 May Meeting with media BoF 6 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Views from the pitch on Mikkeli football and the economy’, FC Mikkelin Palloilijat 90th Anniversary Seminar 7 May Meeting: KONE Corporation BoF 8 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Sustainable growth – the Helsinki world and Finland’, Government programme negotiations, kick-off seminar 9 May Speech: ‘Living with populism: reflections on Valletta the economy and democracy in Europe’, Central Bank of Malta seminar 13 May Meeting: Bank for International Settlements Basel (BIS) 1 Details of topics and participants provided where applicable. Olli Rehn’s calendar, May 2019 1 (3) Date Event1 Place 14 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Digitalisation is Helsinki reshaping the landscape of financial services – rules must be reviewed critically’, Bank of Finland’s Payments Forum 14 May Meeting: J.P. Morgan Corporante & BoF Investment Bank ”Global economic development” 15 May Meeting with media BoF 16 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Renewing the company in Helsinki a transforming economy’, Family Business Network Finland, spring meeting 16 May Meeting: OP Financial Group BoF ”Financial market developments” 16 May Meeting with Ambassador Pia Rantala- BoF Engberg ”Economic policy in Europe and Italy” 17 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Outlook for the Finnish Hyvinkää and European economy in a world of uncertainties’, City Council of Vantaa seminar 17 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Will Finnish and euro Tampere area growth withstand the global economic turmoil?’, Tampere Chamber of Commerce and Industry 17 May Meeting with Mayor Lauri Lyly, City of Tampere Tampere ”Current economic issues” 17 May Speech (in Finnish): ‘Personal finances and the Tampere macroeconomy: how to keep a solid footing’, Tampere University 17 May Meeting with media Tampere 21 May Meeting with Professor Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Wealth and Social Welfare: a Longitudinal Analysis of Transnational Well-Being
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2015 Economic Wealth and Social Welfare: A Longitudinal Analysis of Transnational Well-Being Kelly Brooke Martin University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the American Politics Commons, Comparative Politics Commons, Econometrics Commons, Economic History Commons, Economic Policy Commons, Economic Theory Commons, Income Distribution Commons, Inequality and Stratification Commons, International Economics Commons, Macroeconomics Commons, Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons, Policy Design, Analysis, and Evaluation Commons, Political Economy Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, Public Economics Commons, Social Policy Commons, Social Statistics Commons, Social Welfare Commons, Social Work Commons, and the Theory, Knowledge and Science Commons Recommended Citation Martin, Kelly Brooke, "Economic Wealth and Social Welfare: A Longitudinal Analysis of Transnational Well- Being. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2015. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3443 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelly Brooke Martin entitled "Economic Wealth and Social Welfare: A Longitudinal Analysis of Transnational Well-Being." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Social Work.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Welfare in Finland Prof
    SOCIAL WELFARE IN FINLAND PROF. JOHN E. OWEN Like various other countries, Finland too operates several statutory social welfare measures, which to a great extent are supplemented by the voluntary efforts of the people. In the following article, the author describes some of the salient features of welfare programmes in Finland. Prof. Owen is on the Faculty of the Florida Southern College, Florida, United States. Although geography has placed Finland the problem, but it is still acute. Many large beside the Iron Curtain, her culture and and ultramodern apartment-buildings have social welfare policies are essentially of the been erected in Helsinki and Tampere, and democratic pattern. An independent nation several industrial firms have provided new since 1917, she maintains her relative freedom flats for their workers. But the influx of despite the proximity of Soviet power. The population from the rural areas and the major post-war problems afflicting her four marriage and birth rates continue to out­ million people have concerned housing, the distance home building, with the result that rebuilding of her bombed cities, and the re­ many young married couples are compelled settlement of over 400,000 refugees from to live temporarily with their parents. Karelia (eastern Finland) who voluntarily left their homes rather than live under Welfare Organizations.—As in the Scandi­ Russian rule. navian countries, welfare ideas are highly developed. Social welfare work is mainly A great burden upon the Finnish economy concentrated in the Ministry for Social followed the imposition of Soviet reparations Affairs, organised in five departments: amounting to the equivalent of 75 million general, labour, insurance, welfare, and pounds sterling, or one year's national temperance.
    [Show full text]
  • 1998, a Brief Statistical Analysis
    CHANGES IN THE FINNISH INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT POSITION 1985 – 1998, A BRIEF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Jorma Hilpinen Bank of Finland, Information Services Department P.O. Box 160 FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland [email protected] Heikki Hella Bank of Finland, Information Services Department P.O. Box 160 FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland [email protected] 1. Introduction This paper aims to describe and study by main component the fluctuations in the Finnish IIP. These components are the Balance of Payments flows by institutional sector as well as the valuation changes induced by asset prices and exchange rate movements. Large structural and institutional changes of the Finnish economy are highlighted by dividing the sample period 1985-1998 into two subperiods (1985Q1-1992Q2 and 1992Q3-1998Q2). The period before autumn 1992 can be characterised by a fixed exchange rate regime leading to continual credibility problems. A cyclical and monetary bubble ballooned in the last years of the 1980’s, bursting into a deep recession and a banking crisis. The international capital markets became increasingly volatile, but the Finland remained largely outside. In September 1992, the Finnish markka was allowed to float. The following year, the markka started to appreciate, and a few years later the stability of the exchange rate was regained. The recession and banking crisis greatly reshaped financial markets, production and institutional structures. The internationalisation of Finnish enterprises accelerated, and participation in international capital markets vastly expanded. Following membership in European Union and the EMU, the Finnish economy has been restructured to meet the new competitive conditions ushered in by the Economic and Monetary Union.
    [Show full text]
  • Finnish and Spanish Families in Converging Europe
    FINNISH AND SPANISH FAMILIES IN CONVERGING EUROPE Eriikka Oinonen FINNISH AND SPANISH FAMILIES IN CONVERGING EUROPE Academic Dissertation University of Tampere Department of Sociology and Social Psychology STUDIES IN EUROPEAN SOCIETIES AND POLITICS Copyright © Eriikka Oinonen Editorial Board Matti Alestalo Marjatta Hietala Jouni Häkli Briitta Koskiaho Jyrki Käkönen Leena Wilkman Cover picture Anu Valkama Cover layout Mainoscraft Oy Page layout Marita Alanko Sales Bookshop TAJU Yliopistonkatu 38, 33014 Tampereen yliopisto Tel. (03) 215 6055 Fax (03) 215 7685 email [email protected] http://granum.uta.fi Printed dissertation ISBN 951-44-6092-8 Electronic dissertation Acta Electronica Universitatis Tamperensis 381 ISBN 951-44-6093-6 ISSN 1456-954X http://acta.uta.fi Cityoffset Oy Tampere 2004 CONTENTS I AN INTRODUCTION TO A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINNISH AND SPANISH FAMILIES 13 1. To Compare Family Institutions 17 1.1. Premises of the Study 17 1.2. Family in Sociology: From Unity to Diversity 27 1.3. Comparative Research: Considering Methods and Data 40 2. Family and Modernisation in Finland and Spain 51 2.1. Th e Making of Modern Finland and Spain 51 2.2. Understanding Family Ideology 62 2.3. Family Values and Attitudes 87 2.4. On Family Formation 93 3. Family in Converging Europe 113 3.1. Family in Finland and Spain: Th e Focal Findings 113 3.2. Family in Converging Europe: Discussion 121 References 128 II NATIONS’ DIFFERENT FAMILIES? CONTRASTING COMPARISON OF FINNISH AND SPANISH ‘IDEOLOGICAL FAMILIES’ 145 1. Introduction 145 2. Family and Modernisation: Myth and Ideology 147 3. Finnish and Spanish Paths to Modern Societies 149 3.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Health Services and Unmet Need Among Adults of Russian, Somali, and Kurdish Origin in Finland
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Use of Health Services and Unmet Need among Adults of Russian, Somali, and Kurdish Origin in Finland Katja Çilenti 1,2,* , Shadia Rask 1, Marko Elovainio 1,2, Eero Lilja 1, Hannamaria Kuusio 1, Seppo Koskinen 1, Päivikki Koponen 1 and Anu E. Castaneda 1,2 1 Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland; shadia.rask@thl.fi (S.R.); marko.elovainio@thl.fi (M.E.); eero.lilja@thl.fi (E.L.); hannamaria.kuusio@thl.fi (H.K.); seppo.koskinen@thl.fi (S.K.); paivikki.koponen@thl.fi (P.K.); anu.castaneda@thl.fi (A.E.C.) 2 Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland * Correspondence: katja.cilenti@thl.fi Abstract: Equal access to health care is one of the key policy priorities in many European societies. Previous findings suggest that there may be wide differences in the use of health services between people of migrant origin and the general population. We analyzed cross-sectional data from a random sample of persons of Russian (n = 692), Somali (n = 489), and Kurdish (n = 614) origin and the Health 2011 survey data (n = 1406) representing the general population in Finland. Having at least one outpatient visit to any medical doctor during the previous 12 months was at the same level for groups of Russian and Kurdish origin, but lower for people of Somali origin, compared with the general population. Clear differences were found when examining where health care services were sought: people of migrant origin predominantly visited a doctor at municipal health centers whereas the general population also used private and occupational health care.
    [Show full text]