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Peace Education Program Peace Education Program A professional development course for educators - 2 – Teachers Without Borders | Peace Education Program Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 4 Unit 1: Peace Education Theory .............................................................................................. 20 1. History .................................................................................................................................... 22 2. Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 26 3. Key Thinkers ........................................................................................................................... 31 4. Core Concepts ........................................................................................................................ 48 Unit 2: Scope of Peace Education ........................................................................................... 74 1. Education for Peace ............................................................................................................... 75 2. Critical Peace Education ......................................................................................................... 79 3. Disarmament Education ......................................................................................................... 90 4. Human RiGhts Education ........................................................................................................ 96 5. Global Citizenship Education ............................................................................................... 103 6. Multicultural Education ...................................................................................................... 112 7. Gender and Peace Education .............................................................................................. 121 8. Environmental Education .................................................................................................... 132 9. Conflict Resolution Education ............................................................................................. 142 10. Futures Education ............................................................................................................. 150 Unit 3: From Theory to Practice - Peace Education Pedagogy and Beyond ............................ 159 1. Peace Education As PedagoGy ............................................................................................ 160 2. TeachinG and LearninG Approaches .................................................................................... 182 3. Beyond Classroom Walls ..................................................................................................... 195 - 3 – Teachers Without Borders | Peace Education Program Introduction Dear Colleagues, Thank you for your interest in the Teachers Without Borders Peace Education Program - a professional development course on peace education for educators and community leaders. We are delighted that you are interested in this program and that, as an organization, Teachers Without Borders can offer this resource, free of charge, to individuals and organizations around the world interested in working towards peace. This professional development program builds upon the words of Monisha Bajaj who, in her introduction to the Encyclopedia of Peace Education, wrote: “One of the founding principles of peace education initiatives is that learners can develop a sense of possibility that enables them to become agents of social change” (Bajaj, 2008). The aim of this program is not just to present the theoretical foundations of peace education but to also engage educators in translating theory into practice and in thinking critically about how peace education can most effectively enter their classrooms, schools, and communities. Throughout the program, we encourage educators to continually think about how that “sense of possibility” can be present in their classrooms and how their work and the work of their students can ensure social change. To that end, we created review and reflection questions for every section and also the culminating demonstration of mastery project, designed to provide educators with an opportunity to develop a practical resource to help them engage their students and communities in working towards peace. This program and the sense of possibility it is designed to create in the minds, lives, and professional work of its participants would not have been possible without the hard work, dedication, and expertise of our Peace Education Program Coordinator, Stephanie Knox Cubbon. A recent graduate of the UN-mandated University for Peace, Stephanie recognizes the inseparable connection between classrooms and peace, and she understands the role that educators around the world play in building peace in their classrooms, schools, and communities. She sees teachers as peace-builders, and the program you are about to explore is built upon her strong belief that the road to global peace begins in the classrooms, in the hearts and minds of teachers and their pupils around the world. I cannot think of a more fitting way to close this introduction than the following excerpt from Stephanie's recent article on peace education: “I hope that someday we won’t even need to say ‘peace education,’ that it will simply be education – that there will be education for all, and that all education will be education for peace” (Knox Cubbon, 2010). - 4 – Teachers Without Borders | Peace Education Program We hope that this program will provide the support you need to become a peace educator in your classroom and your community. Konrad Glogowski Executive Director Teachers Without Borders References Bajaj, M. (2008). Introduction. In M. Bajaj (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Peace Education (pp. 1-9). Charlotte, North Carolina: Information Age Publishing. Knox Cubbon, S. (2010, September 23). Living, learning, and teaching peace [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://www.peacexpeace.org/2010/09/living-learning-and- teaching-peace/ - 5 – Teachers Without Borders | Peace Education Program Acknowledgements The Teachers Without Borders Peace Education Program is the result of the hard work of many individuals. This program would not exist without Raphael Ogar Oko, TWB’s former Africa Regional Coordinator and Country Coordinator in Nigeria, who inspired the creation of this resource, and who contributed valuable input and insights throughout the process. We want to thank him for being the catalyst for this program and his tireless efforts to advance human welfare by engaging and supporting teachers and community leaders around the world. We would also like to thank Rachel Ellis, who contributed to the Environmental Education section of this program by sharing her expertise and the lesson plans she developed for the award-winning documentary FLOW: For Love of Water. We would like to thank Dr. Konrad Glogowski, TWB Director of Programs, under whose astute leadership and guidance this program came to fruition and whose meaningful and thoughtful contributions helped to bring the program to its greatest potential. His firm commitment to peace education as demonstrated by this program will benefit teachers and communities across the world. We would like to thank our team of dedicated interns who made a substantial contribution to this program: Olivia Drew, Meghan Flaherty, Caroline Green, Julia Smith, Gwen Stamm, and Jonathan Stone. Their involvement made it possible to develop this program in record time. We would also like to give a special thanks to the Hague Appeal for Peace and the Inter- Agency Network for Education in Emergencies, whose peace education resources provided a strong foundation and a valuable model for this peace education program. We hope that our collective efforts will help to bring peace education to teachers worldwide – one teacher and classroom at a time, and will contribute to the growing movement for a culture of peace. Stephanie Knox Cubbon Coordinator, Peace Education Program Teachers Without Borders [email protected] - 6 – Teachers Without Borders | Peace Education Program Introduction Welcome to The Teachers Without Borders Peace Education Program for educators and community leaders! If you are reading this, you have already taken a big step towards empowering your students to create peaceful lives and peaceful futures. We hope that this resource can support you in your professional development and serve as a guide on your quest as a peace educator. Why Peace Education? We are reaching a critical point in history when solving the problems of humankind has become a matter of our very survival. Finding sustainable solutions to these problems has never been more pressing, as population pressure, violence, and environmental degradation are on the rise. We are alive at a unique time in human history, a time that calls on humanity’s creativity, ingenuity, and compassion to solve our greatest problems. There are a myriad of approaches to try to solve these problems, but ultimately, the roots of these problems are related to human consciousness, worldview, and culture. Taking the cultural approach, our current predicaments are related to the culture of war and violence, which is a global human phenomenon permeating all aspects of life. In order
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