DOCSLIB.ORG

Comparative Quality Analysis Between Surface Water and Groundwater: a Case Study of Otamiri River and Water Boreholes in Owerri West, Imo State Nigeria

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Comparative Quality Analysis Between Surface Water and Groundwater: a Case Study of Otamiri River and Water Boreholes in Owerri West, Imo State Nigeria International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration, Vol 4(36) ISSN (Print): 2394-5443 ISSN (Online): 2394-7454 Case Study http://dx.doi.org/10.19101/IJATEE.2017.436001 Comparative quality analysis between surface water and groundwater: a case study of Otamiri river and water boreholes in owerri west, Imo State Nigeria Obi Lawrence E* Department of Civil Engineering, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria ©2017ACCENTS Abstract Disease vectors are prevalent and thrive well in water and this makes it inevitable to investigate the pathogenic state of every water source before it is applied for any purpose of usage. This research investigated the quality status of Otamiri River and water boreholes located in Owerri west, Imo State Nigeria. Water samples collected from the river and the selected boreholes were subjected to bacteriological, physical and chemical analyses in a laboratory sited within the locality. The results obtained indicated that the surface water is heavily adulterated, polluted and unsafe for drinking without treatment while the water from boreholes are safe for drinking without any further treatment. Keywords Surface water, Groundwater, Quality, Pollution. 1.Introduction 1.1Surface water Apart from water existing in the troposphere, water Surface water is an area in hydrology that on the earth can be bifurcated into two broad encompasses all water on the surface of the earth categories of surface water and ground water. which includes overland flows, rivers, lakes, Groundwater and surface water are found in wetlands, estuaries, oceans etc. It is a subset of the localities, communities and cities. Both groundwater hydrologic cycle that excludes atmospheric and and surface water are sources of water supply to ground water. This includes the field measurement of communities and most communities use them for flow discharge, the statistical variability at each domestic, industrial, recreational and cultural setting: floods, drought susceptibility and the purposes. While groundwater is accessed through the development of levels of risk. Comprehensive construction of boreholes, surface water occur as analysis of surface water components in the rivers, streams, springs, lakes, ponds, etc. and are hydrologic cycle include hydrometeorology, open and can easily be reached by its host evapotranspiration, rainfall, runoff characteristics, communities and towns. open channel flow, flood, and statistical and probabilistic methods in hydrology [1,2] Since these two categories of water are used by 1.1.1Rivers communities, it becomes imperative to know their A river is a natural flowing water course, usually comparative quality standards. The comparative freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or quality analysis will help the communities and other another river. Small rivers are called streams, creeks, users to be properly guided in their usage of the water brook, rivulet and rill. Rivers are important for their various needs and purposes. This research components of the hydrologic cycle. Rainfall and was conceived due to the fact that Otamiri River and precipitation empties into the river from a drainage Water Boreholes are the major sources of water basin and through surface runoff. At times, there are supply to the inhabitants of Owerri west local flows from one aquifer to another and this is called government area. The intention is to bring to watershed leakage. At any place where the water limelight the quality status of these sources of water table intersects the ground surface, a seepage surface through the method of comparative analysis. or spring (river) is formed. The study of rivers is called potamology and the study in land waters in general is called limnology. Natural channels are used to convey the flow of water through rivers. Channels may indicate past rivers, specifically out *Author for correspondence 168 International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration, Vol 4(36) flow channels on Mars. Rivers are theorized to exist the depth of the water borehole is less that 6m, it is on planets and moons in habitable zones of stars [3]. said that shallow but when the depth is more than 6 metres, it is described as being deep [6]. The beginning of a river is called its source and follows a path and ends up in a mouth. The river flow Contamination of Groundwater is confined to a channel. The channel has a floor Groundwater is an important source of drinking called bed and it normally lies between valleys called water. Historically, groundwater was considered to the bank. Rivers can flow between mountains, be so safe that it has been consumed directly from through valleys or depressions and create gorges. The water wells without any challenge of treatment. In river channel contains a single stream of water but underdeveloped countries, practically all villages rely some rivers flow as several interconnecting streams on groundwater from shallow dug wells. of water and produce a braided river. Immediately, a groundwater is contaminated, it is difficult to restore it to a safe state. There are several The controlling of rivers to make them more useful, ways through which an aquifer can be contaminated, or less disruptive and destructive to human activity is through a legally or an illegally constructed called river engineering. Engineering structures such hazardous landfill or a nearby septic/soakaway pit or as levees, dams, weirs, canals and barrages are illegally located waste dumpsite. The control of structural elements employed in river engineering. groundwater pollution may include physical River engineering is continuous activities as the river containment and extraction of contaminated water for on its own alters the modifications of engineering. subsequent treatment. The physical containment For instance, dredged river builds its sediments to method involves literally stopping the plumeof an return to its former condition. Surface water has high advancing pollution by a barrier [7]. degree and concentration of solids as it has no natural 1.2.2Borehole drilling operation filtration facility like groundwater [4]. Modern technology has provided tools which increase and facilitate the success of drilling 1.2Groundwater operations. The tools are cable or percussion tools, Groundwater is water located under the surface of the hydraulic rotary tool, and reverse rotary tool. The earth. It is replenish able through the rainfall and run cable or percussion tool drills the hole by striking the off on the earth surface. The water from rainfall force of the drilling bit of the lower end cable. The enters into the earth surface through pores and drilling bit is automatically lifted and dropped in the accumulates within the aquifers to form groundwater. descending borehole to break the formation. Groundwater is relatively free from pollution and can easily be developed at a least possible cost. The hydraulic rotary tool is the fastest tool that can Groundwater occurs in two zones of saturation and be used in drilling boreholes and it is best used in accretion. The zone of accretion has water existing in unconsolidated formations. The tool uses the force it through molecular attraction the water at this zone provided by the continuous rotating of the hollow pit, is not under hydrostatic pressure. The zone is through which a mixture of clay and water or mud is unsaturated as it contains both water and air. The soil formed. The bit cuttings are carried up in the hole by water zone is immediately below the ground surface the rising mud. No casing is required during drilling and the roots of crops take water from the zone for its because the mud itself makes a lining on the walls of transpiration [5]. the holes, preventing it from caving. The reverse rotary tool is a modified form of the hydraulic rotary The saturation zone is heavily water-saturated and it method. It used for making large wells of 1.2m is often called the groundwater zone. It is the final diameter in unconsolidated formations [8]. destination of the groundwater recharge which comes as rainfall and passes through the pores and 1.3Natural quality differences between accumulates in the aquifers. groundwater and surface water 1.2.1Water boreholes Naturally, there are obvious differences between Generally, groundwater exploitation is achieved surface and ground waters. Every source of water has through the digging of holes vertically into the a peculiar set of contaminants; groundwater stores aquifer and these holes which are dug to extract water pesticides chemicals and nitrate while surface water from the aquifer is called water boreholes. The water contains mostly bacteria and other microorganisms. is normally extracted through pumping. Water Surface water can be affected by numerous physical boreholes can be described as shallow or deep. When variables such as topography, land cover, soil 169 Obi Lawrence E. conditions, mineralogy. Both groundwater and 1.5Interaction between surface water and surface water may be affected by geologic groundwater conditions. Surface water is more susceptible to When a river and an aquifer are in direct hydraulic contamination than groundwater. The filtration contact, an interchange of surface water and through the soil profile down to the aquifers purifies groundwater occurs. If the water table stands higher and cleans the groundwater. Inspite of this than the river stage, groundwater may enter the river groundwater is often contaminated due to human as a base flow. Normally, the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • — Official Gazette
    1 | Federal Republic of Nigeria — Official Gazette No. 10. Lagos = 28th“February, 1985 . Vol. 72 C ONTENTS a Page Movementsof Officers + ve ee be ee ne . an «. 224-35 List of Approved and Registered Contractors 1983 oe Ses ce web te oe 236-65 Application for a Licence of the Registrar of Companies . oe ve ae ne os 266 Rate on Royalty on Tin - . ee fae ae o - ee ae tee . «se . 266 Loss of Cheque . ae .e ve .. ane ee mee te we .. oe 266 Ministry of Defence—Nigerian Navy Medical Services o. a . a tee .. 266-67 I.L.0.—Vacancies .. ee ee ee . os we ae Tae we) we 267-74 © LA.E.A—Vacancies =... eae ge ee cae ae wee . s. 274-76 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees—Vacancy oo. oe ee +. “ae .. 276 Public Notice No. 10—Special Resolution to Wind-up | ee s a . o oe ee 276-77 INDEX TO LEGAL Notice iv SUPPLEMENT SLNo+ a Short Title . a Page 7 Federal Capital Territory (Registration of Vehicles, etc.) Regulations 1985 me, -- Bi3 oe ¥ 5 &, 5 w ay“5 - . q% i? € 5,\ 7? d : 4 sy 4 . oan ti A ett 204 OFFICIAL GAZETTE No.10, Vol. 72 Government Notice No. 130 NEW APPOINTMENTS AND OTHER STAFF CHANGES © The following are notified for general information :— NEW APPOINTMENTS. _ Deparimeni® Name Appointment _ Date of . - Appointment. _ Administration Ahmed, T. Administrative Officer, Grade VIII 20-12-83 Audit , Akabogu, Miss J. A. Typist, Grade III ~ os 7-4-82 . Cabinet Office Adewoye, E.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Statistical Prediction of Gully Erosion Development on the Coastal Plain Sands of the South Eastern Nigeria
    Nigerian Journal of Technology, Vol. 24, No. 2, September 2005 Nwakwasi and Tee 59 STATISTICAL PREDICTION OF GULLY EROSION DEVELOPMENT ON THE COASTAL PLAIN SANDS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA NWAKWASI, N.L., and TEE, D.P. Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria ABSTRACT A statistical model for predicting gully initiation was developed using variables from 20 randomly selected sites. The random samples gave 10 gully sites and 10 non-gully sites. In all, 12 variables were identified but using students t-tests approach, only four variables contributed to gully development. These four variables include Maximum slope, Maximum slope length, Microrelief amplitude and percentage coarse sand. The four variables were combined through factor analysis and statistical manipulations to form Linear Discriminant Function (LDF). Three functions were obtained by combining the variables in three different ways. An application of the three functions to the field situation identified function 1,1 as a very comfortable prediction. When Yl was used to classify the various sites using the variables obtained from the field, a 25% wrong classification was obtained. This value was quite low when compared with the other two functions whose wrong classification ranged from 35% and above. It was observed from the study that when Yl is less than 30, it indicated little or no gully erosion threat. INTRODUCTION spatial distribution of rainfall as induced gully Today, in our country Nigeria, erosion menace formation in most of our towns and express the has become all object of discussion and a major need to adopt good planning and policy ecological problem facing the nation.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil Erosion, RUSLE, GIS, Soil Erosion Sensitivity Assessment
    American Journal of Geographic Information System 2016, 5(2): 55-67 DOI: 10.5923/j.ajgis.20160502.03 Erosion Sensitivity Assessment of Communities in Owerri, Nigeria Using Geographic Information System and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation- Based Model Ngozi AC-Chukwuocha*, Ogbenna Uchechukwu, Ogugua Chizoba, Emenike Nnedinma Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria Abstract Soil erosion menace is a major environmental concern in South East Nigeria; that calls for quick measures to minimize the rate of devastation. These measures are sustainable if geospatial information on erosion sensitivity and degree of sensitivity is provided. This study identifies and integrates variables such as land use (derived from IKONOS 2012 Satellite Image), soil erodibity, rainfall erosivity, slope steepness (from Digital Terrain Model), level of imperviousness, drainage and population density to assess the degree of sensitivity in Owerri area of Nigeria to water erosion. The datasets were integrated into the GIS environment with the use of ArcGIS 10.3. The functions of weighted overlay were used to analyze the degrees of sensitivity of the entire study area to erosion hazards. The results showed that 57.56% of the study area mapped ranked medium sensitivity to erosion. With the built-up and forest land use accounting for 29.84% and 12.16%. Impervious surface analysis showed that 53.57% of the sub-watersheds had low level of imperviousness. While 46.43% of the study area had medium level of imperviousness (between 10%-25%). The study also revealed that Ohii with highest percentage sand (87.3%) and lowest percentage organic matter (0.635%) had the highest erodibility status.
    [Show full text]
  • GIS Based Demarcation of Natural Flow Routes Using Old Topographic Data Akajiaku C
    Journal of Surveying and Mapping Engineering Mar. 2014, Vol. 2 Iss. 1, PP. 25-36 GIS Based Demarcation of Natural Flow Routes Using Old Topographic Data Akajiaku C. Chukwuocha*1, Joel I. Igbokwe2 *1Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria 2Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria *[email protected]; [email protected] Abstract-Demarcation of runoff natural flow routes is inestimable in mitigating flooding and erosion. It is useful also in planning urban areas and designing drainage networks. Devastating flooding and erosion are being recorded across the globe as a result of increases in the intensity and duration of storm water precipitation due to global warming. In the developing parts of the world state of the art topographical data is not always available, but it should not be necessary to stop state of the art geospatial topographical analyses especially if there are sources of old topographic data that may be authenticated. In this study, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to create a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Owerri in Southeast Nigeria, using data from topographical maps of the city of 1977. The data was authenticated using three dimensional (3D) coordinates of sample points derived from Global Navigational Satellite Systems (GNSS) surveys. The DEM was processed using the ArcGIS and ArcHydro software to determine heavily accumulating flow routes. The accuracy of the result was confirmed by using the coordinates of the delineated flow routes to locate their ground positions with handheld GPS receivers after some heavy storm event. Keywords- Digital Elevation Model (DEM); Flow Routes; Flow Direction Grid; Flow Accumulation Grid; Stream Definition Threshold I.
    [Show full text]
  • The Example of Imo State; Nigeria
    Waste Management as a Correlate of Environmental Sustainability in Sub- Saharan Africa: The example of Imo State, Nigeria Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades an der Julius- Maximilians-Universität Würzburg ABSTRACT If Sub-Saharan Africans understand the value of waste and handle it correctly and introduce “political hygiene” in governance, the issue of a filthy environment, unemployment, hunger, malnutrition and Vorgelegt von poverty will be greatly minimised. Nghengwa Ache Patience Juli 2019 Eingereicht am 10. Juli 2019 Von Nghengwa Ache Patience 1. Betreuerin Prof. Dr. Barbara Sponholz 2. Betreuer Prof. Dr. Roland Baumhauer 3. Betreuer Prof. Dr. Jürgen Rauh 1. Gutachterin Prof. Dr. Barbara Sponholz 2. Gutachter der Dissertation Prof. Dr. Jürgen Rauh 1. Prüfer Prof. Dr. Barbara Sponholz 2. Prüfer Prof. Dr. Jürgen Rauh 3.Tag der mündlichen Prüfung 14. Oktober 2019 (The quotation “political hygiene” was used by the Kenyan Professor - Patrick Loch Otieno Lumumba in Tanzania on June 29, 2017). (Cover picture: Oldest waste picker at the Old Road Landfill besides Nwaorie River Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria on February 9, 2017). “Africa must do her own growing, no matter how tall her neighbours are.” This work was completed with the assistance of the “DAAD STIBET Abschlussbeihilfe” I dedicate this work to waste pickers and waste users. Summary Introduction. Rapid and uncontrolled industrialisation and urbanisation in most developing countries are resulting in land, air and water pollution at rates that the natural environment cannot fully renew. These contemporary environmental issues have attracted local, national and international attention. The problem of urban garbage management is associated with rapid population growth in developing countries.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Chikum Microfinance Bank Limited
    University of San Diego Digital USD Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2020-08-31 Institutional Logics and the Double Bottom Line: A Study of Chikum Microfinance Bank Limited Daniel Anyanwu University of San Diego Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.sandiego.edu/dissertations Part of the Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations Commons, and the Leadership Studies Commons Digital USD Citation Anyanwu, Daniel, "Institutional Logics and the Double Bottom Line: A Study of Chikum Microfinance Bank Limited" (2020). Dissertations. 183. https://digital.sandiego.edu/dissertations/183 This Dissertation: Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Digital USD. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital USD. For more information, please contact [email protected]. University of San Diego Digital USD Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2020-08-31 Institutional Logics and the Double Bottom Line: A Study of Chikum Microfinance Bank Limited Daniel Anyanwu Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.sandiego.edu/dissertations Part of the Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations Commons, and the Leadership Studies Commons INSTITUTIONAL LOGICS AND THE DOUBLE BOTTOM LINE: A STUDY OF CHIKUM MICROFINANCE BANK LIMITED by Daniel Amanze Anyanwu A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2020 Dissertation Committee Hans Peter Schmitz, PhD Robert Donmoyer,
    [Show full text]
  • I MONITORING and EVALUATION of the PROVISION and MANAGEMENT of EDUCATION RESOURCES on the STUDENTS' PERFORMANCE in PUBLIC SECO
    MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE PROVISION AND MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION RESOURCES ON THE STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF THREE EDUCATIONAL ZONES IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA BY Miriam, Oluchi ELEGONYE P14EDFC8037 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CURRICULUM, FACULTY OF EDUCATION, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA OCTOBER, 2018 i MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE PROVISION AND MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION RESOURCES ON THE STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF THREE EDUCATIONAL ZONES IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA BY Miriam Oluchi ELEGONYE P14EDFC8037 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER DEGREE IN EDUCATION (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING) DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CURRICULUM, FACULTY OF EDUCATION, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA OCTOBER, 2018 ii DECLARATION This Dissertation entitled Monitoring and Evaluation of the Provision and Management of Resources on the Students‟ Performance in Public Secondary Schools of three Educational Zones in Imo State Nigeria by Miriam Oluchi Elegonye has not been presented for a degree in any other University. _____________________________ Date: _________________________ Miriam Oluchi ELEGONYE P14EDFC8037 iii CERTIFICATION This Dissertation entitled Monitoring and Evaluation of the Provision and Management of Education Resources on the Students‟ Performance in Public Secondary Schools of three Educational Zones in Imo State Nigeria by Miriam
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Ambient Air Quality in Parts of Imo State, Nigeria
    Research Journal of Chemical Sciences ______________________________________________ ISSN 2231-606X Vol. 6(1), 41-52, January (2016) Res. J. Chem. Sci. Evaluation of Ambient Air quality in parts of Imo state, Nigeria Ibe F.C. 1,2* , Njoku P.C. 2, Alinnor Jude I. 2 and Opara A.I. 3 1Department of Chemistry, Imo State University P.M.B 2000, Owerri, Imo State, NIGERIA 2Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology P. M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, NIGERIA 3Department of Geology, Federal University of Technology 1526, Owerri, Imo State, NIGERIA [email protected] Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 30 th Augustr 2015, revised 24 th September 2015, accepted 12th November 2015 Abstract Evaluation of the ambient air quality in Imo State, Nigeria was carried out with reference to four criteria air pollutants which include PM 10 , NO 2, SO 2 and CO using Haze dust particulate monitor (µ10m) and Gasman air monitors. Air quality monitoring was conducted in three times daily (morning, Afternoon and evening) in 22 locations within the months of November, 2014 and June, 2015. The result showed that the mean concentration of the air pollutants ranged as follows: 3 PM 10 (5.22 – 7.43) mg/m , NO 2 (0.46 - 0.58) ppm, SO 2 (0.46 - 0.56) ppm and CO (30.15 – 40.98) ppm. The mean concentration of the air pollutants obtained exceeded the Nigerian NAAQS and US NAAAQS but NO 2 and SO 2 are within the permissible limit in some of the monitoring stations. Also AQI (air quality index) analysis revealed that CO is the conditional pollutant responsible for the observed deteriorated air quality index in the study area which calls for adequate attention and concern.
    [Show full text]
  • IMSU JOURNAL of COMMUNI VOL, 3.Cdr
    IMSU JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION STUDIES A PUBLICATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MASS COMMUNICATION, IMO STATE UNIVERSITY, OWERRI VOLUME 3 ISSN: 2682-6321 E-ISSN: 2705-2240 2019 IMSU Journal of Communication Studies, Vol. 3, 2019 @copyright IMSU JCS 2019 All Rights Reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by means of electronics, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. ii IMSU Journal of Communication Studies, Vol. 3, 2019 ABOUT IMSU JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION STUDIES (IMSU JCS) IMSU Journal of Communication Studies (IMSU JCS) is a blind peer reviewed journal published annually by the Department of Mass Communication, Imo State University, Owerri. The journal accepts papers from all areas of Mass Communication and other communication related discipline. The journal accepts both empirical and position papers of high quality. All articles for submission must be original to the author(s) and free from plagiarism. The purpose of IMSU Journal of Communication Studies is to contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of communication and media studies. The journal is both in print and electronic version. The electronic version is an open access journal. Author shall be entitled to one copy of the volume in which his/her article appears. In the case of a co-author, the authors shall have only one complimentary copy and will be given more copies upon request and payment of certain amount which will be stipulated. Author(s) are expected to have their work written in UK English with proper grammar and spellings.
    [Show full text]
  • Geospatial Assessment of Suitable Landfill Sites Location in Owerri
    Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 3(4): 1-10, 2017; Article no.AJEE.34112 ISSN: 2456-690X Geospatial Assessment of Suitable Landfill Sites Location in Owerri T. S. Ademiju1* and K. O. E. Ukaegbu1 1Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between both authors. Author TSA designed the study, wrote the first draft and handled the literature researches. Author KOEU managed the analysis of the study and made corrections to the first manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/AJEE/2017/34112 Editor(s): (1) Anthony R. Lupo, Department of Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA. Reviewers: (1) Augrey H. Malambo, University of Zambia, Zambia. (2) Khairul Nizam Tahar, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/20098 Received 14th May 2017 Accepted 28th June 2017 Original Research Article Published 18th July 2017 ABSTRACT This study was done with the aim to map the present waste disposal sites in the city, to prepare a landfill suitability map of the area, to recommend the best and the most suitable locations to site the dump sites/ landfills based on a multi criteria decision making technique and GIS. It was carried out in the city of Owerri, capital of Imo state, South Eastern part of Nigeria, from May to August 2016. Data used in this research work were the coordinates taken at the existing landfill sites (Table 1), a Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery and a Shuttle Radar Topographic Mapper (SRTM).
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Land Grabbing and Implications for Sustainable Livelihood: a Case Study of Local Government Areas in Nigeria
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE): E-Journals Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1700 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2855 (Online) Vol.8, No.8, 2017 Analysis of Land Grabbing and Implications for Sustainable Livelihood: A Case Study of Local Government Areas in Nigeria Christopher Emenyonu 1* Aloysius Nwosu 2 Henry Ikenna Eririogu 1 Maryann Nnenna Osuji 1 Onyekachi Umeadi Ejike 1 Clifford Chilasa Agbaeze 2 1.Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Technology P.M.B 1526, Owerri 2.Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abstract Land grabbing and high-risk large scale land investments exploit the livelihood source of local resource users. One common trend among governments promoting land grabs has been the theme ‘development promotion’ and touting the benefits of agricultural development, job creation, increased cash crop and livestock production, and infrastructure provision as drivers towards economic development and eventual modernization. As a result, this study analysed land grabbing and its implications for sustainable livelihood in Owerri Municipal and Owerri West Local Government Areas of Imo State, Nigeria. These two LGAs have witnessed dispossession of ancestral lands for farming which were hitherto their main means of sustenance. Purposive sampling technique was employed for the study in order to ensure that it is only the real owners of the dispossessed lands were used in the study given the nature of land ownership in the state. Primary data were sourced through the use of structured questionnaire, while the secondary information were obtained from the repositories of international organizations such as GRAIN, FAO, World Bank etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Page Assessment of the Equivalence of Waec And
    TITLE PAGE ASSESSMENT OF THE EQUIVALENCE OF WAEC AND NECO MATHEMATICS MULTIPLE-CHOICE TESTS USING ITEM RESPONSE THEORY BY OGUOMA, CHINYERE CHINWEIKE 2010177002F A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS, FACULTY OF EDUCATION NNAMDI AZIKWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph. D) IN EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION JUNE, 2017 2 CERTIFICATION This is to certify that Oguoma Chinyere Chinweike with Registration Number 2010177002F is responsible for the work submitted in this dissertation, that the work is original except as specified in the acknowledgements and references. ------------------------------ Oguoma, Chinyere Chinweike 3 APPROVAL PAGE This Dissertation has been approved for the Department of Educational foundations, Faculty of Education Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. ------------------------- --------------------------- Prof. Romy Okoye Date Supervisor ------------------------- --------------------------- Prof. N.N. Agu Date Head of Department ------------------------- --------------------------- Prof. O.S. Abonyi Date External Examiner ------------------------- --------------------------- Prof. O. Ibeneme Date Dean, Faculty of Education ------------------------- --------------------------- Prof. H. I. Odumegwu Date Dean, School of Post Graduate Studies 4 DEDICATION This research work is dedicated to my husband Hon. Chinweike Oguoma. 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The researcher’s sincere thanks go to her supervisor Prof. Romy Okoye, not only for his insightful comments and encouragement but also for his hard questions which spurred her to widen her research from various perspectives. These he was able to do continuously and patiently in spite of his academic and other schedules. The researcher is also of immense gratitude to Prof. N. Agu, Prof. N.P.M. Esomonu, Prof. G.C. Unachukwu, Prof. R.C. Ebenebe, Dr. O. Ikwuka, Late Mr.
    [Show full text]