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Da UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR
da UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR ANALYSIS OF ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS PESTICIDES IN POSTMORTEM BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS RAQUEL HELENA CARVALHO SILVA RAPOSO Covilhã, 2009 I UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR ANALYSIS OF ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS PESTICIDES IN POSTMORTEM BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS Dissertação apresentada à Universidade da Beira Interior para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Bioquímica RAQUEL HELENA CARVALHO SILVA RAPOSO Covilhã, 2009 II Trabalho elaborado sob a supervisão e orientação científica do Mestre Mário João Dias, Director do Serviço de Toxicolgia Forense da Delegação Sul do Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e da Prof. Doutora María Eugenia Gallardo Alba, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior III TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................... VI List of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... VIII Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................ X Abstract................................................................................................................................................... - 1 - Resumo ................................................................................................................................................... - 3 - Justification and Objectives -
INCORPORATING LOW-DOSE EPIDEMIOLOGY DATA in a CHLORPYRIFOS RISK ASSESSMENT Julie E
Dose-Response: An International Journal Volume 11 | Issue 2 Article 8 6-2013 INCORPORATING LOW-DOSE EPIDEMIOLOGY DATA IN A CHLORPYRIFOS RISK ASSESSMENT Julie E. Goodman Gradient, Cambridge, MA Robyn L. Prueitt Gradient, Cambridge, MA Lorenz R. Rhomberg Gradient, Cambridge, MA Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dose_response Recommended Citation Goodman, Julie E.; Prueitt, Robyn L.; and Rhomberg, Lorenz R. (2013) "INCORPORATING LOW-DOSE EPIDEMIOLOGY DATA IN A CHLORPYRIFOS RISK ASSESSMENT," Dose-Response: An International Journal: Vol. 11 : Iss. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dose_response/vol11/iss2/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dose-Response: An International Journal by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Goodman et al.: Low-Dose Epidemiology Data in a Chlorpyrifos Risk Assessment Dose-Response, 11:207–219, 2013 Formerly Nonlinearity in Biology, Toxicology, and Medicine Copyright © 2013 University of Massachusetts ISSN: 1559-3258 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.12-022.Goodman INCORPORATING LOW-DOSE EPIDEMIOLOGY DATA IN A CHLORPYRIFOS RISK ASSESSMENT Julie E. Goodman, Robyn L. Prueitt, and Lorenz R. Rhomberg ᮀ Gradient, Cambridge, MA ᮀ USEPA assessed whether epidemiology data suggest that fetal or early-life chlorpyrifos exposure causes neurodevelopmental effects and, if so, whether they occur at exposures below those causing the current most sensitive endpoint, 10% inhibition of blood acetyl- cholinesterase (AChE). We previously conducted a hypothesis-based weight-of-evidence analysis and found that a proposed causal association between chlorpyrifos exposure and neurodevelopmental effects in the absence of AChE inhibition does not have a substantial basis in existing animal or in vitro studies, and there is no plausible basis for invoking such effects in humans at their far lower exposure levels. -
Mother/Child Organophosphate and Pyrethroid Distributions T ⁎ Natalia Bravoa, Joan O
Environment International 134 (2020) 105264 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Environment International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/envint Mother/child organophosphate and pyrethroid distributions T ⁎ Natalia Bravoa, Joan O. Grimalta, , Darja Mazejb, Janja Snoj Tratnikb,c, Dimosthenis Andreas Sarigiannisd, Milena Horvatb,c a Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain b Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia c International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia d Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus, Bldg. D, Rm 201, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Handling Editor: Adrian Covaci The present study reports one of the few cases in which organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (PYR) pesticide Keywords: human exposure is evaluated in family contexts by the analysis of mother/child pair samples. Urinary con- Organophosphorus pesticides centrations of 6 organic metabolites of organophosphates and 2 pyrethroids were measured in mothers and their Pyrethroids 7-to 8-year-old children (n = 168) in a general population from the central area of Slovenia. The results were Human Biomonitoring adjusted for specific gravity and creatinine. Children The most abundant OP metabolite in children was 4-nitrophenol (PNP) (median 0.7 ng/ml) and in mothers Women (0.45 ng/ml), representing parathion exposure. 3-Phenoxibenzoic acid (3-PBA) (0.26 ng/ml), the general me- Child-mother pairs tabolite of pyrethroids, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY) (0.16 ng/ml; chlorpyriphos) were the second most abundant compounds in children and mothers, respectively. -
Part I Biopharmaceuticals
1 Part I Biopharmaceuticals Translational Medicine: Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery First Edition. Edited by Robert A. Meyers. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Published 2018 by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. 3 1 Analogs and Antagonists of Male Sex Hormones Robert W. Brueggemeier The Ohio State University, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA 1Introduction6 2 Historical 6 3 Endogenous Male Sex Hormones 7 3.1 Occurrence and Physiological Roles 7 3.2 Biosynthesis 8 3.3 Absorption and Distribution 12 3.4 Metabolism 13 3.4.1 Reductive Metabolism 14 3.4.2 Oxidative Metabolism 17 3.5 Mechanism of Action 19 4 Synthetic Androgens 24 4.1 Current Drugs on the Market 24 4.2 Therapeutic Uses and Bioassays 25 4.3 Structure–Activity Relationships for Steroidal Androgens 26 4.3.1 Early Modifications 26 4.3.2 Methylated Derivatives 26 4.3.3 Ester Derivatives 27 4.3.4 Halo Derivatives 27 4.3.5 Other Androgen Derivatives 28 4.3.6 Summary of Structure–Activity Relationships of Steroidal Androgens 28 4.4 Nonsteroidal Androgens, Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) 30 4.5 Absorption, Distribution, and Metabolism 31 4.6 Toxicities 32 Translational Medicine: Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery First Edition. Edited by Robert A. Meyers. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Published 2018 by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. 4 Analogs and Antagonists of Male Sex Hormones 5 Anabolic Agents 32 5.1 Current Drugs on the Market 32 5.2 Therapeutic Uses and Bioassays -
A10 Anabolic Steroids Hardcore Info
CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION 3 Anabolic steroids – What are they? 4 How do they Work? – Aromatisation 5 More molecules – More problems 6 The side effects of anabolic steroids 7 Women and anabolic steroids 8 Injecting steroids 9 Abscesses – Needle Exchanges 10 Intramuscular injection 11 Injection sites 12 Oral steroids – Cycles – Stacking 13 Diet 14 Where do steroids come from? Spotting a counterfeit 15 Drug Information – Drug dosage STEROIDS 16 Anadrol – Andriol 17 Anavar – Deca-Durabolin 18 Dynabolon – Durabolin – Dianabol 19 Esiclene – Equipoise 20 Primobolan Depot – Proviron – Primobolan orals – Pronobol 21 Sustanon – Stromba, Strombaject – Testosterone Cypionate Testosterone Enanthate 22 Testosterone Propionate – Testosterone Suspension 23 Trenbolone Acetate – Winstrol OTHER DRUGS 24 Aldactone – Arimidex 25 Clenbuterol – Cytomel 26 Ephedrine Hydrochloride – GHB 27 Growth Hormone 28 Insulin 30 Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 – Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin 31 Tamoxifen – Nubain – Recreational Drugs 32 Steroids and the Law 34 Glossary ANABOLIC STEROIDS People use anabolic steroids for various reasons, some use them to build muscle for their job, others just want to look good and some use them to help them in sport or body building. Whatever the reason, care needs to be taken so that as little harm is done to the body as possible because despite having muscle building effects they also have serious side effects especially when used incorrectly. WHAT ARE THEY? Anabolic steroids are man made versions of the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is the chemical in men responsible for facial hair, deepening of the voice and sex organ development, basically the masculine things Steroids are in a man. used in medicine to treat anaemia, muscle weakness after These masculine effects surgery etc, vascular are called the androgenic disorders and effects of testosterone. -
Miss.Julie ^ ^ Email:[email protected] Skype:[email protected] Whatsapp:+8618872220730
Miss.Julie ^ _ ^ Email:[email protected] Skype:[email protected] Whatsapp:+8618872220730 Raw anabolic steroid hormone powders from China with high purity&safe delivery Powder list : Testosterone enanthate Testosterone cypionate Testosterone propionate Testosterone-Sustanon250 Testosterone phenylpropionate Testosterone Acetate Testosterone decanoate Testosterone-Base Testosterone Isocaproate Testosterone undecanoate 17a-Methyl-1-Testosterone Fluoxymesterone(Halotesin) Mesterolone(Proviron) Methyltestosterone Trenbolone Acetate Trenbolone enanthate Trenbolone Base Metribolone Trenbolone Hexahydrobenzyl Carbonate Nandrolone decanoate Nandrolone Propionate Nandrolone phenylpropionate Nandrolone Mestanolone Drostanolone enanthate Drostanolone propionate (Masteron) 17a-Methyl-Drostanolone (Methasterone) Boldenone undecylenate (EQ) Methenolone Acetate Methenolone Enanthate (primobolin) Boldenoe cypionate Boldenoe Acetate Methandrostenolone (Dianabol) Oxandrolone (Anavar) Oxymetholone (Anadrol) Stanozolol (Winstrol) Turinabol Clostebol Acetate Anastrozloe (Arimidex) Clomiphene Citrate(Clomid) Exemestane Letrozole (Femara) Mifepristone Tamoxifen Citrate Semi-finished Injectable / Oral steroids: Test prop-----------100mg/ml 200mg/ml Test enan-----------250mg/ml 300mg/ml 400mg/ml 500mg/ml 600mg/ml Test cyp------------200mg/ml 250mg/ml 300mg/ml Test Sustanon-------200mg/ml 250mg/ml 300mg/ml 400mg/ml Deca----------------200mg/ml 250mg/ml Equipoise-----------200mg/ml 300mg/ml Tren ace------------100mg/ml 200mg/ml Tren enan-----------100mg/ml -
Estimation of Daily Intake and Risk Assessment of Organophosphorus Pesticides Based on Biomonitoring Data
Food and Chemical Toxicology 123 (2019) 57–71 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food and Chemical Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox Review Estimation of daily intake and risk assessment of organophosphorus T pesticides based on biomonitoring data – The internal exposure approach Ioanna Katsikantamia,b, Claudio Colosioc, Athanasios Alegakisb, Manolis N. Tzatzarakisb, ∗ Elena Vakonakib, Apostolos K. Rizosa, Dimosthenis A. Sarigiannisd,e,f, Aristides M. Tsatsakisb, a Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, FORTH-IESL, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece b Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece c Department of Occupational and Environmental Health of the University of Milan, International Centre for Rural Health of the University Hospital San Paolo, S. Paolo Hospital Unit, Via San Vigilio 43, 20142 Milan, Italy d Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece e HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (KEDEK), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece f Environmental Health Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study IUSS, Pavia, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Human exposure to pesticides can be estimated through different approaches. The approach adopted in this Biomonitoring study is based on internal dose measures. Studies published during 2001 and 2017 were collected from PubMed Dialkyl phosphates and Scopus databases, filtered and organized. The intake of parent compounds is estimated based on theurinary Estimated daily intake excretion of different OP metabolites applying a mathematical model previously used for similar purposes. Once Health effects defined an Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), risk assessment is performed through comparison with specific Organophosphorus pesticides guideline values and hazard index (HI) is calculated to assess cumulative health risk. -
Winter 2007–2008
Pesticides and You News from Beyond Pesticides: Protecting Health and the Environment with Science, Policy and Action Volume 27, Number 4 Winter 2007-2008 Facing Scientifi c Realities, Debunking the “Dose Makes the Poison” Myth How Safe is Your Bait? Pesticides May Be Labeled as “Nonvolatile,” But Still Release Poisons into the Air Grounding out Grubs: Managing grubs with prevention and least-toxic strategies The Secret History of the War on Cancer Letter from Washington Danger at (Really) Low Dose Mo�vates changes that reject the use of toxic chemicals arm resul�ng from really low dose exposure to toxic chemicals can be measured in the air, with the excep�on of boric acid, which is now accepted in scien�fic circles. However, the pes�cide is commonly found in bait formula�ons. With the science on low Hregulatory process s�ll does not reflect the science, nor does level exposure and poten�al adverse impact, we know why there it comply with a 1996 statutory requirement that the agency have ought to be concern, especially when the chemical is placed for long in place by now a protocol for evalua�ng pes�cides that may be periods in and around the perimeter of a room in a sealed indoor endocrine disruptors, known to wreak havoc at miniscule doses in environment. Our ar�cle sheds some important light on this topic. developing organ systems. More data emerges year by year. When we do not have all the answers Lab experiments link exposure to brain effects This discussion adds important weight to the already heavy support In this issue of PAY, we print a talk given by Warren Porter, Ph.D., for the precau�onary approach to pest management. -
United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,790,910 B2 Macdonald Et Al
US007790910B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,790,910 B2 MacDonald et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 7, 2010 (54) PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 2003/0069434 A1 4/2003 Bohlmann et al. 7OALKYLATED 19-NORSTEROIDS 2005, OO33085 A1 2/2005 Warren et al. (75) Inventors: Peter Lindsay MacDonald, Gentilino FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (CH); Ettore Bigatti, Balerna (CH): DE 24, 29 O40 1, 1975 Pierluigi Rossetto, Balerna (CH) DE 19622 457 11, 1997 EP O138504 T 1988 (73) Assignee: Sicor Inc., Irvine, CA (US) WO WO93/10741 6, 1993 WO WO99/33855 * 7/1999 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this WO WO99,42109 8, 1999 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 WO WOO2,32922 4/2002 U.S.C. 154(b) by 1427 days. WO WOO3,O31399 4/2003 WO WOO3,O45972 6, 2003 (21) Appl. No.: 11/192,071 WO WO98,07740 T 2003 (22) Filed: Jul. 27, 2005 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Bucourt, et al., “New Biospecific Adsorbents For The Purification Of (65) Prior Publication Data Estradiol Receptor'. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1978, pp. 8221-8228, vol. 253, No. 22. US 2006/OO30552 A1 Feb. 9, 2006 Dasilva, et al., “Synthesis And Structure-Affinity Of A Series of 7alpha-Undecylestradiol Derivatives: A Potential Vector For Related U.S. Application Data Therapy And Imaging Of Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Cancers'. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1990, pp. 430-434, vol. 33, No. 1. (60) sy, priat e.sfas: A.i Skaddan, et al., “Synthesis And Binding Affinities Of Novel Re s proV1S1ona application o, o s , Ille Containing 7.Alpha.-Substituted Estradiol Complexes: Models For on Aug. -
Impact of Urine Preservation Methods and Duration of Storage on Measured Levels of Environmental Contaminants
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2006) 16, 39–48 r 2006 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 1559-0631/06/$30.00 www.nature.com/jes Impact of urine preservation methods and duration of storage on measured levels of environmental contaminants JANE A. HOPPIN,a ROSS ULMER,b ANTONIA M. CALAFAT,c DANA B. BARR,c SUSAN V. BAKER,d HELLE M. MELTZERe AND KJERSTI S. RØNNINGENe aEpidemiology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA bWestat, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA cNational Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, DHHS, Atlanta, Georgia, USA dCODA Research, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA eNorwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway Collection of urine samples in human studies involves choices regarding shipping, sample preservation, and storage that may ultimately influence future analysis. As more studies collect and archive urine samples to evaluate environmental exposures in the future, we were interested in assessing the impact of urine preservative, storage temperature, and time since collection on nonpersistent contaminants in urine samples. In spiked urine samples stored in three types of urine vacutainers (no preservative, boric acid, and chlorhexidine), we measured five groups of contaminants to assess the levels of these analytes at five time points (0, 24, 48, and 72 h, and 1 week) and at two temperatures (room temperature and 41C). The target chemicals were bisphenol A (BPA), metabolites of organophosphate (OP), carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides, chlorinated phenols, and phthalate monoesters, and were measured using five different mass spectrometry-based methods. Three samples were analyzed at each time point, with the exception of BPA. -
Appendix A: Metabolism
DRAFT Appendix A: Metabolism August 21, 2008 Prepared by: Health Effects Division Office of Pesticide Programs US Environmental Protection Agency Page 1 of 82 DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction. ............................................................................................................ 5 2. Metabolism in Adult Animals................................................................................... 7 3. In Vitro Metabolism of Chlorpyrifos ....................................................................... 14 3.1. Cytochrome P450 (The CYP Enzymes)........................................................ 14 3.2. The PON1 Enzyme....................................................................................... 24 3.3. B-Esterases (Carboxylesterases) ................................................................. 27 3.4. Glutathione S-transferases ........................................................................... 28 3.5. KIAA1363 – A Mouse Brain Enzyme ............................................................ 31 3.6. Role of Butyrylcholinesterase in Chlorpyrifos Metabolism ............................ 32 4. Metabolism in Neonatal Animals........................................................................... 33 4.1. Metabolism and Toxicokinetic Studies in Pregnant Dams, Fetuses, and Post- Natal Pups .................................................................................................... 33 4.2. Gestational Exposure (GD14-18): Measurement of TCP in rat maternal and fetal brain and -
Biomarker Review and Development Strategy.Pdf
INTARESE Project No. 018385 INTARESE Integrated Assessment of Health Risks of Environmental Stressors in Europe Integrated Project Thematic Priority Deliverable 20: Biomarker review and development strategy (WP 2.2) Due date of deliverable: 05/2007 Actual submission date: 06/2007 Start Date of Project: 1 November 2005 Duration: 60 Months Organisation name of lead contractor for this deliverable: VITO Revision: Final version Project co-funded by the European Commission with the Sixth Framework Programme (2002- 2006) Dissemination Level PU Public PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services Table of content 1 A brief introduction to human biomonitoring ............................................................... 2 2 Alkylphenols ............................................................................................................... 7 3 Alpha1-microglobulin (α1-m) ..................................................................................... 20 4 Arsenic ...................................................................................................................... 23 5 β2-microglobulin (β2-m) ............................................................................................ 34 6 Bisphenol A .............................................................................................................