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Application No. AU 2008264201 Al (19) AUSTRALIAN PATENT OFFICE (12) STANDARD PATENT APPLICATION (11) Application No. AU 2008264201 Al (19) AUSTRALIAN PATENT OFFICE (54) Title Modified recombinant vaccinia viruses and other microorganisms, uses thereof (51) International Patent Classification(s) A61K 35/74 (2006.01) C12N 7/04 (2006.01) A61K 35/76 (2006.01) C12N 15/863 (2006.01) A61P 35/00 (2006.01) A61K 39/00 (2006.01) C07K 16/30 (2006.01) A61K 48/00 (2006.01) C07K 16/40 (2006.01) (21) Application No: 2008264201 (22) Date of Filing: 2008.12.24 (43) Publication Date: 2009.01.29 (43) Publication Journal Date: 2009.01.29 (62) Divisional of: 2004289953 (71) Applicant(s) Genelux Corporation (72) Inventor(s) Szalay, Aladar A.;Yu, Yong A.;Zhang, Qian;Timiryasova, Tatyana (74) Agent Attorney Spruson Ferguson, Level 35 St Martins Tower 31 Market Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000 MODIFIED RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUSES AND OTHER 00 MICROORGANISMS, USES THEREOF O SAbstract 0 Recombinant vaccinia viruses useful as tumor-specific delivery vehicle for cancer gene therapy and vaccination Therapeutic methods and microorganisms therefore are provided. The microorganisms are designed to accumulate in immunoprivileged tissues and cells, such as tumors and other proliferating tissue and in inflamed tissues, compared to other O 0 tissues, cells and organs, so that they exhibit relatively low toxicity to host organisme. 0 The microorganisms also are designed or modified to result in leaky cell membranes of Scells in which they accumulate, resulting in production of antibodies reactive against proteins and other cellular products and also permitting exploitation of proliferating tissues, particularly tumors, to produce selected proteins and other products. Methods for making tumor specific antibodies and also methods of making gene products encoded by the microorganism as well as antibodies reactive therewith are provided. 1904062-1 S&F Ref: 742129D1 AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT Name and Address Genelux Corporation, of 3030 Bunker Hill, Street Suite of Applicant: 310, San Diego, California, 92109, United States of America Actual Inventor(s): Aladar A. Szalay, Tatyana Timiryasova, Yong A. Yu, Qian Zhang Address for Service: Spruson Ferguson St Martins Tower Level 31 Market Street Sydney NSW 2000 (CCN 3710000177) Invention Title: Modified recombinant vaccinia viruses and other microorganisms, uses thereof The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: 5845c(1907986_1) 00 1 O 0 MODIFIED RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUSES AND OTHER MICROORGANISMS, USES THEREOF Benefit of priority is claimed to each of EP 03 013 826.7, filed 18 June 2003, entitled "Recombinant vaccinia viruses useful as tumor-specific delivery vehicle for O 1 5 cancer gene therapy and vaccination; EP 03 018 478.2, filed 14 August 2003, ,D entitled "Method for the production of a polypeptide, RNA or other compound in. 00 tumor tissue;" and EP 03 024 283.8, filed 22 October 2003, entitled "Use of a SMicroorganism or Cell to Induce Autoimmunization of an Organism Against a Tumor." Where permitted, the subject matter of each of these applications is incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application also is related U.S. application Serial No. 10/872,156, filed the same day herewith. This application also is related to U.S. Application filed June 10, 2004, Serial No. 10/866,606, entitled "Light emitting microorganisms and cells for diagnosis and therapy of tumors," which is a continuation of U.S. Application Serial No. 10/189,918, filed July 3, 2002; U.S. Application filed May 19, 2004, Serial No. 10/849,664, entitled, "Light emitting microorganisms and cells for diagnosis and therapy of diseases associated with wounded or inflamed tissue" which is a continuation of U.S. Application Serial No. 10/163,763, filed June 2003; International PCT Application WO 03/014380, filed July 31, 2002, entitled "Microoroganisms and Cells for Diagnosis and Therapy of Tumors; PCT Application WO 03/104485, filed June 5, 2003, entitled, "Light Emitting Microorganisms and Cells for Diagnosis and Therapy of Diseases Associated with Wounded or Inflamed tissue;" EP Application No. 01 118 417.3, filed July 31, 2001, entitled "Light-emitting microorganisms and cells for tumour diagnosis/therapy;" EP Application No. 01 125 911.6, filed October 30, 2001, entitled "Light emitting microorganisms and cells for diagnosis and therapy of tumors;" EP Application No. 02 0794 632.6, filed January 28, 2004, entitled "Microorganisms and Cells for Diagnosis and Therapy of Tumors;" and EP Application No. 02 012 552.2, filed June 5, 2002, entitled "Light Emitting 00 0 -2- Microorganisms and Cells for Diagnosis and Therapy of Diseases associated with Ni wounded or inflamed tissue." Where permitted, the subject matter of each of these applications is incorporated by reference in its entirety. FIELD OF THE INVENTION Vaccines that contain attenuated or modified microorganisms, including Ic microbes and cells, and methods for preparing the microorganisms and vaccines are o0 provided. In particular, modified bacteria, eukaryotic cells and viruses are provided Oand methods of use thereof for treatment of proliferative and inflammatory disorders and for production of products in tumors are provided. BACKGROUND In the late 19th century, a variety of attempts were made to treat cancer patients with microorganisms. One surgeon, William Coley, administered live Streptococcus pyogenes to patients with tumors with limited success. In the early century, scientists documented vaccinia viral oncolysis in mice, which led to administration of several live viruses to patients with tumors from the 1940s through the 1960s. These forays into this avenue of cancer treatment were not successful. Since that time, a variety of genetically engineered viruses have been tested for treatment of cancers. In one study, for example, nude mice bearing nonmetastatic colon adenocarcinoma cells were systemically injected with a WR strain of vaccinia virus modified by having a vaccinia growth factor deletion and an enhanced green fluorescence protein inserted into the thymidine kinase locus. The virus was observed to have antitumor effect, including one complete response, despite a lack of exogenous therapeutic genes in the modified virus (McCart et al. (2001) Cancer Res 1:8751-8757). In another study, vaccinia melanoma oncolysate (VMO) was injected into sites near melanoma positive lymph nodes in a Phase I clinical trial of melanoma patients. As a control, New York City Board of Health strain vaccinia virus (VV) was administered to melanoma patients. The melanoma patients treated with VMO had a survival rate better than that for untreated patients, but similar to patients treated with the W control (Kim et al. (2001) Surgical Oncol 10:53-59). 00 Other studies have demonstrated limited success with this approach. This therapy is not completely effective, particularly for systemically delivered viruses or o bacteria. Limitations on the control of microbial vehicle function in vivo result in Sineffective therapeutic results as well as raising safety concerns. It would be 5 desirable to improve this type of therapy or to develop more effective approaches for treatments of neoplastic disease. Therefore, among the objects herein, it is an object to provide therapeutic methods and microorganisms for the treatment of neoplastic C and other diseases. SSUMMARY 00 10 Provided herein are therapeutic methods and microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic cells, for uses in the methods for the treatment of neoplastic diseases and other diseases. Diseases for treatment are those in which the targeted tissues and/or cells are immunoprivileged in that they, and often the local environment thereof, somehow escape or are inaccessible to the immune system. Such tissues include tumors and other tissues and cells involved in other proliferative disorders, wounds and other tissues involved in inflammatory responses. The microorganisms, which include bacterial cells, viruses and mammalian cells, are selected or are designed to be non-pathogenic and to preferentially accumulate in the immunoprivileged tissues. The microorgamisms, once in the tissues or cells or vicinity thereof, affect the cell membranes of the cells in such tissues so that they become leaky or lyse, but sufficiently slowly so that the targeted cells and tumors leak enough antigen or other proteins for a time sufficient to elicit an immune response. The microorganisms are administered by any route, including systemic administration, such as i.v. or using oral or nasal or other delivery systems that direct agents to the lymphatics. In exemplary methods, the microorganisms are used to treat tumors and to prevent recurrence and metastatic spread. Exemplary microorganisms include highly attenuated viruses and bacteria, as well as mammalian cells. The microorganisms are optionally modified to deliver other products, including other therapeutic products to the targeted tissues. 00 S* -4- SWhen the microorganisms are administered to a host that contains tumors, c the tumors in the host essentially become antigen and protein factories. This can be exploited so that the tumors can be used to produce proteins or other cellular products encoded by or produced by the microorganisms. In addition, the host sera N 5 can be harvested to isolate antibodies to products produced by the microorganisms IN as well as the tumor cells. Hence also provided are methods for producing
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