San Mateo-Hayward Bridge Are Derived from the Net Revenues of This Crossing Combined with Those of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay and Dum- Barton Bridges

C~ Q~ ~ (~ o G°Q [~ d Q 0 D ~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~b0~~ ~c~ ~. ~_ ~~~ r~ ~. ~E ~~ ~~ t 3 f ;,s ~~ .~ r ~ ,~ ~~ ~~~ ~ ~~~ r.~ ~ ~,~~_ ~~. _ ~~: ~ ~r~ ~d r'~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~;

.~ °,~ ~~;~ When January 1963 went out like a lion with a roaring three-day month's-end storm, as much as 16 inches of rain felt on some sections of the Sierra Nevada. With virtually no snowpack to absorb the water, and the ground hard frozen, the runoff was like that from a tin roof. By the second day of the storm, normally mild mountain streams had ehanged into raging torrents, and every road across the Sierra south of Sign Route 36 was closed by slides and wash- outs. Photo above shows school children changing from one school bus 10 another at Spanish Creek bridge just north of Quincy on U.S. 40 Alternate, on February 8th, while the bridge was still under repair. (Photo by Robert Mulno.) For more storm photos see pages 33, 34 and 35. Cali~ornia Hig hwa Y sand Public Works Official Journal of the Division of Highways, Department of Public Works, State of California

Vol. 42 January-February 1963 Nos. 1 -2 CONTENTS Page SepulvedaPass ------2 SantaMaria ------4 By L. D. Krantz and L. A. Paglia, ResidenT Engineers Grapevine Grade Accidents Reduced-_-___--_-___-__-_-__-_------_------__-_----- 8 Cable Spinning ------9 By John B. Poppe, Assistant Resident Engineer Cliff Face Threat __ _ 14 Luddy, Wolley Reappointed to Highway Commission ______~______17 ~ P~ Big Bear Road. 18 ~ ~ .y ~~~ ------., ~~ w. ',' By L. M. Barnett, District Construction Engineer, and J. L. Riddell and W. McKnight, Resident Engineers t '` ~~ State's Relocation Polity Is Praised ______21 TehachapiJob 22 '_._ ;~ , ~g . ~a+ ------t By Charles H. Jackson, Resident Engineer

San _. ______.w. ~ ~, ... # y~;. Mateo-Hayward Bridge --_--- --_---- -_--_-- _-_--_ -__ ------_ 25 By Norman C. Raab, Projects Engineer Sierra County Thanks Division for Fast Flood Damage Repair______32 z-*~.,.. .s- SierraRains ------33 FRONT COVER: Division of Highways Photographer U.S. 60 Freeway------36 Robert Dunn climbed }o the top of the Power fo get By Taylor Smith, Resident Engineer this shot on the uncompleted Vincent Thomas Bridge Pixley-Tulare ------40 connecting fhe City of San Pedro and Terminal Island By K. P. Oliphant, Assistant Highway Engineer in Los Angeles Harbor. Photo shows confractor's man at work on cable spinning, which was completed in Hill, DefFebach, Webb Named to New Posts______43 early December 1'962. (See sfary page 9 et seq.) Skidproafing------44 By R. D. Kinsey, Assistant District Engineer LadyEngineers ------46 By Louise Gohdes, Assistant Information Officer FossilFind ------50 Highway Exhibits ------52 BACK COVER: At some risk }o self and eq~ipmenf, By Barry Cohon, Assistant Information Officer Division of Highways Phofographer William Ruland took this fime exposure night picture on U.S. 40 More Routes ------54 while skidproofing operations were going on. (See Earl E. Sorenson Retires, John Beaton Is Named ______57 story page 44 of seq.) Greene, Ayanian Reassigned in S.F.-__-_------__------__---___------_-_-_------_ 59 1962 Index to California Highways and Public Works ______61 Twenty-five-year List ------_-___--_--_-_----_-_-_---- 43 Retirements Department Retirements ______58 Thomas Mendenhall ______59 Rudy Bergroth _ _ 56 Frank and. Frances Reynolds______60 E. F. Carter--_------_-_------_ 57 Hazeldean Snedden ------__------60 W. S. Cully------58 Earl E. Sorenson------57 G. L. Laird.------59 L. A. Weymouth------58 Obituaries In Memoriam --_------_---.--_--_-_--- 17 lames B. Woodson--_------_ ---- 60 Harry Mathewson ______.45

LESTER S. KORITZ, Editor STEWART MITCHELL, Associate Editor JOHN C. ROBINSON, Associate Editor WILLIAM R. CHANEY, Chief Photographer Editors are invited to use informafion contained herein and to requesf prints of any black and white photographs. Address communications to: EDITOR, CALIFORNIA HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC WORKS P. O. Box 1499 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA U.S. 101 Freeway Skirfs a~ ~ g r i d Rapidly Growing Cify

By L. D. KRAATZ, and L. A. PAGLIA, Resident Engineers

Recent comple- the activation of Vandenberg Air has doubled its population (current DISTRICT tion of an 8~z-mile Force Base, close to nearby Lompoc, estimate: 28,800) and the end of this Vfreeway project as amissile-testing and training center gro~~th is not vet in sight. b~~passing the City on April 1, 1957. At that time the pop- Recognizing the increased urgency of Santa ~~Zaria on ulation of Santa AZaria vas slightly for highway improvement in this U.S. 101 has elimi- more than 13,000 people. Immediately booming area, the California High~~ay nated amajor bot- after the activation of Vandenberg Air Commission provided right-of-~vay tlenecic for through Force Base, the city was jolted into a and then construction. funds as early traffic on this- im- frantic burst of activity. The town as possible, and the project ~~~as adver- portant north-south mushroomed almost overnight, burst tised for bid in August 1960. coast route. With the exception of its seams and began spreading in all ~'Iadonna Construction Company of some portions of U.S. 101 in Santa directions. Five years later, the city San Luis Obispo had submitted the Barbara and a minor deficiency in Buellton, a motorist can now travel from the south Santa Barbara county Ovr 1llew Freeway line to the north San Luis Obispo county line on four-lane divided high- The following editorial appeared in the "Santa Maria limes" on October 1, 1962 ~vay for 170 miles ~~~ithout seeing a stop sign or a traffic signal. Santa Maria's new freeway is now in operation. This significant achievement ~~-as In the mill for something like seven years, it was opened last Friday with brought about, in part, by the rapidly appropriate ceremonies in which city, county and state officials participated. one, as is often the situation changing complexion of the northern The history of the freeway has been a stormy when a city is bypassed. Santa Barbara County area. Initially, the controversy raked around where it should be located—on the The City of Santa Maria, located in east side of the city or on the 'west side. the middle of a long, flat agricultural Once this was resolved, although not to the complete satisfaction of many, valley formed by the Santa 1~'Iaria there were other problems. The freeway agreement between the city and the Rieer, had for many rears been a State was a stumbling block for a number of months. stable, peaceful small city depending The main points of contention centered around the city's seeking to get more on extensive agricultural and oil oper- specific in the agreement, as opposed to the generalities in the original proposal. ations for its economic life. The cite Many hours were spent by city and state officials ironing out the differences. ~~~as fairl~~ evenly divided by U.S. 101, But finally they were resolved and two years ago work started on the 10-mile ~~~hich ran in a north-south direc- project. Now that it is completed, there will be some interesting points to bear watching. tion through to«•n. Commercial devel- State officials report it is expected to reduce the traffic count on Broadway, opment both north and south of the old Highway 101, by about a third. The count formerly was 30,000 vehicles a main sections of to~~ n'~eit11 its conse- day. This will be reduced to about 19,000, officials say. quent heavy cross traffic slo~~~ed do~~~n What effect will this have on business in the city? through traffic and greatly increased The State Highway Division has made some extensive studies on this point, local traffic congestion. and these studies generally conclude that after an initial falloff, business quickly For this reason alone, the Division returns to the prefreeway level. of High«~a~-s as early as 1953 con- In a growing community such as ours, it is questionable if the effects of the ducted engineering studies of many freeway bypassing the heart of the community will be noticeable to any degree whatsoever. alternate routes of U.S. 101 in this area The freeway location on the east side of the community has one valuable so as to alleviate these major local aspect. Except for a very few eyesores, it shows a very attractive section of traffic problems. Ail alignment bypass- the city. ing the cit}~ on the east ~~-as finall~r The attractive residential areas, the well-groomed grounds of Hancock College selected because of considerabli~ to«-er and Fesler School, and the many attractive vegetable fields will give Highway right-of-~~~ati~ acquisition and high~~°ay 101 travelers a favorable impression of our community. construction costs. In the not too distant future, Santa Maria's newest industry, Columbia Records, will have its plant in operation along the freeway, another favorable mark for Traffic Congestion Magnified the community. The existing problem of traffic con- Summed up, it has been a long wait, but one that was well worth it. gestion yeas intensively magnified b~~

n California Highways and Public Works An aerial photo of the Santa Maria Freeway bypass shortly after it was opened to tragic in October, 1962. The view is northward.

January-February, 1963 ~ lowest of seven bids received, $5,606,- 099.75. The contract was awarded on October 27,.1960, and the contractor began work on the same day. Major work consisted of excavating some two million cubic yards of material, placing 8 %Z miles of base and concrete pavement, and building 14 major structures at nine different locations. Two of these structures are long twin bridges spanning the normally dry Santa Maria River. As innocuous as this stream appears in dry months, it is capable of flowing in excess of 10 feet deep from bank to bank. There- fore, in anticipation of this sizeable flow, it was necessary that the twin bridges be approximately 2,100 feet long.

290 Girders Needed The twin bridges crossing the Santa Maria River used precast, prestressed concrete girders, each of which is 72 feet in length and five of which are used in each span. The contractor utilized concrete pouring pads and metal forms to fabricate a BEFORE. Trade in Santa Maria prior to the completion of the freeway bypass. The view is looking total of 290 girders necessary to com- northward. plete the structures. The girders were poured in groups of four and cured and stressed while still on the pouring pads. After stressing, the girders were lifted into place and the pads cleared for the next series of pours. Because of the large number of girders needed, pouring and stressing was nearly a daily ritual contract. :.~ ~ ~ throughout the construction ,~ ~ r.~ The two million cubic yards of ~:~ zj~ roadway excavation and imported Q ,~ borrow were concentrated in sizable cuts at each extreme end of the proj- ~' ect, thereby involving a maximum haul of about four miles, and an average haul of two miles. To accomplish this major task, the contractor used six rubber-tired scrapers with capacities of up to 40 cubic yards. These scrapers were very rapidly loaded using tandem push tractors, and the material was hauled to embankment areas at speeds up to 35 m.p.h. As expected, some difficulty was experienced in scraper- tire damage and wear due to large loads and high speeds; but it was worth the effort in that daily produe- tion of 5,000 cubic yards of material

AFTER. ira~c in Santa Maria after fhe opening of the freeway bypass in October, 1962. was not uncommon.

6 California Highways and Public Works In general, material excavated for construction of the southern half of the project consisted of very fine cohesionless dune sand. The excavation and placement of this material thoroughly tested the contractor's ability and ingenuity in order to maintain the high daily production necessary. The contractor accomplished this mainly through the use of a piped irrigation-type watering system, and through the importation of clay soils to construct and maintain haul roads.

Anchor-chain Drag Used The troublesome sandy slopes were satisfactorily finished through the use of an 80-pound-link anchor-chain drag followed by the application of straw, seed and fertilizer for permanent ero- lion control. Embankment material used to construct the northern portion of the project was unstable, expansive clays. For this reason, the structural road- bed finish was composed of river-run local borrow, aggregate subbase, aggregate base, cement-treated base and BEFORE. Tragic crosses the old bridge over the Santa Maria River prior to the construction of the freeway. concrete pavement for a total thick- ness of three feet. In paving operations, approximately 48,000 cubic yards of concrete pavement were placed using conventional side forms and traveling concrete- mixer methods. Daily production ranged from 1,000 to 2,000 cubic yards. Unusually high daily produc- tions of 1,200 to 1,500 tons were maintained in placing 62,000 tons of asphaltic concrete for mainline shoulders, ramps and frontage roads. This was accomplished through the use of a ~~ bottom-dump trucks and two self- „~,w , propelled pavers with pickup attach- ments. Another major item of work was the removal of the longstanding existing bridge across the Santa Maria River, considered to be a deterrent to the free flow of the river whose channel had otherwise been confined by the construction of stone-faced levees by the U'.S. Corps of Engineers. This. reinforced concrete bridge, 1,370 feet long, consisted of 3E short spans, each 38 feet long. Each span was 28 feet wide with four T-girders supported on reinforced concrete pile bents. AFTER. these twin bridges now carry ira~c on ►he new freeway across the Santa Maria River channel. January-February,19637

8 8 Works Public Public and and Highways Highways California California

new new freeway. the the veillance veillance freeway freeway bypass. bypass. on on J. J. the the D. D. Norberg.

sur- enforcement enforcement best best cellent cellent and and which which possible possible is is on on job job truck truck route, route, of of Representative Alderman, Alderman, and and Bridge Bridge

ex- Broadway. Broadway. patrol's patrol's accident accident They They are are no~v no~v the the using using the for for

data data and and

E. R. R. Engineer Engineer trict trict

Construction Construction

trucks trucks

tion tion to to providing that that

previously previously had had in in use use for for co- operation operation

Dis- Wofford, Wofford, District District Engineer Engineer G. G.

apprecia- includes includes volume volume Patrol, Patrol, most most of of the the heavy heavy expressed expressed Womack Womack

Assistant

trict trict

Engineer Engineer

E. E. R. R. Foley, Foley, struction. struction. This This in in Highway reduction reduction State State Commissioner Commissioner traffic traffic of of the the

Dis- of of vas vas ect ect under under direction direction the the per per day day as as a a result result freeway freeway Crittenden, In In con- con- a a Bradford Bradford of of letter letter to to

Construction Construction the the proj- way way has has been been by by 5,000 5,000 vehicles vehicles of of cut cut inspection inspection State. throughout throughout the the

show show that that traffic traffic volume volume on on Broad- Broad- Gracia. Superintendent Superintendent J. J. Milton Milton freeways rural rural other other comparable comparable to to

Recently Recently completed completed traffic traffic studies studies by rates represented represented The The made made contractor contractor accident accident $7,430;000, $7,430;000, was was has has

erage erage

traffic traffic was was 24,000 24,000 vehicles. vehicles. daily daily of at at a a cost cost 1960, 1960, pleted pleted in in July July Nash. former former District District A~1. A~1. A. A. Engineer Engineer

the the Santa Santa Maria Maria

business business district, district,

av- av-

com- -lane -lane freeway, freeway, eight section section to to pushed pushed under by by personnel personnel District District V V

Broadway Broadway (U.S. (U.S. 101) 101) in in the the center center of of

highway

6.6 -mile -mile

the the Conversion Conversion

of of

accom-

Planning Planning and and was was design design

way, way, that that traffic traffic counts counts revealed revealed

moving moving trucks. sive sive use use slow - of of

completed completed by by November November 1. During During

of of the the

construction construction

free- free-

exclu- lanes lanes of of the the the the -hand -hand for for right

were touches touches 28, 28, 1962. 1962. All All finishing finishing

the the right- of area. area. -~vay -~vay some to to reserving reserving this this improvement improvement

September

traffic traffic vas vas opened opened to to on on also also demolished demolished and and removed removed frorti frorti of engineers engineers 16. 16. Highway Highway part part credit credit

the the project major major portion portion of of The The channel channel of of the the Santa Santa i'~~aria i'~~aria River, River, was was 59 59 from from to accidents accidents reduced reduced rear -end -end

Crete Crete deck; deck; bridging bridging the the overflow overflow

lessened lessened were were most most with dramatically dramatically required required

the the time. former former

travel travel half half

An An older older timber timber bridge bridge with with con- con-

types accidents accidents of of all all Overtaking Overtaking

cut cut to to less less than to to bypass bypass is is now now able able

Old Old Bridge Bridge Demolished Demolished

the the study. by by using using the the freeway bypass. bypass. Traffic Traffic Way Way

covered one one the the post post period period against against in in

completion completion of of the the to to Maria Maria free- prior prior

mum mum

possible possible cost. cost.

as freeway freeway construction, construction, preceding preceding

of of Santa get get

through through

the the

City City utes utes to to

maximum maximum bank bank at at protection protection mini- mini-

years average average of of the the curred curred two two in in the the

along along

the the north north bank bank of of the the river river approximately approximately 20 20 min- required required for for traffic traffic

accidents accidents

trucks. trucks. oc- Nine Nine such such away away

approximately approximately 2,000 2,000 to to feet feet placement placement studies studies revealed revealed that traffic traffic These These

run- the the problem problem cent cent of of grade grade was was

the the

halves halves of of the the

span span were were dragged dragged g

greatest greatest 6 -per- hazards hazards on on the the ree. steep, steep, de de

headache headache ball ball

and and cutting cutting torch, torch, and and

the freeway, freeway, struction struction one one of of of of the the significant Maria Maria to to a a very very Santa Santa of of

was was

then then

cut cut

longitudinally longitudinally with with a a

con- years years prior prior to to For For the the several several

the the congestion congestion

in in lieved lieved

City traffic traffic end end

to to a a crawler crawler

tractor. tractor. Each Each span span

intoxicated intoxicated pedestrian. an an

town town has has re- traffic traffic through through of of truck truck

link link anchor anchor

chain chain connected connected at at each each

25 25 and and one— fatalities fatalities from from eight eight to to

complete complete with with elimination the the nearly nearly

these these bents bents

pile pile an an 80- pound- pound- using using

77 77 Injuries Injuries to were were reduced reduced from from

volume volume

combined lesser lesser traffic traffic The The The The contractor contractor "sawed" "sawed" through through

vehicle. volved volved only only one one

the the right. accidents accidents freeway freeway half half the the in- on on the the

structure structure is is fo old old was was under under construction. construction. This This aerial aerial The The photo photo were were fhe fhe twin twin bridges bridges taken taken while while

hicles hicles weather. weather. More More than and and bad bad

drivers, drivers, cal cal conditions conditions of of defective defective ve-

~~ ~~ ~

latter latter attributable attributable to to physi- abnormal abnormal

t~ t~

~ ~

_ _

~ ~ , , _~:.~ 114 114 over over from from to to 70 70 percent percent of of the 41, 41,

~,.

,~ ,~

of of accidents accidents The The dropped number number

,- ,- s~s~ s~s~ ~>~.. ~>~.. ~ ~ ~e ~e ~.

~ ~ ._

traffic. daily daily

spite spite average a a 10- percent percent increase increase in in

percent percent reduction reduction in in fatality fatality rates rates de-

- -

~ ~ " "

89- as as quency quency as as well well severity severity and and an an +~o; +~o; .. ~ ~ - -

thirds thirds reduction reduction in in accident accident two- fre-

June June the year year the found found ending ending a in in 1962, 1962,

riod riod before before with freeway freeway construction construction

an an average average of of the the ticsfor ticsfor -year -year pe- two

Highways Highways statis- comparing comparing

accident accident

~ ~

~,; ~,; . .

~4'

~,~ ~,~

A A recent recent of study study by by the the Division Division

ties.

stantially stantially y reduced reduced injuxies injuxies and and fatali-

freeway freeway to to eight sub- -lane -lane divided divided

has has

r r ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ,~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ;: ;:

~ ~

,. county county line line from from four -lane -lane highway

99 99

north north -Kern of of the the Los Los Angeles

ous ous Grade Grade portion portion Grapevine Grapevine U.S.

of of

,: The The conversion conversion of of the the once- hazard-

Reduced Accidents Accidents

Grapevine Grapevine Grade Terminal Island Bridge

n i in n Suspension Cables Completed

By JOHN B. POPPE, Assistant Resident Engineer Early in Decem- cables wait to support the steel and placed in parallel. The spinning of DISTRICT ber 1962 the spin- concrete roadway which will carry these parallel wires was begun on Sep- VII ning of cable wires the traffic across the channel of the tember 17, 1962, and was completed was completed for Los Angeles harbor. on December 3, 1962. the Vincent Two 13 %8 inch diameter suspension Thomas Bridge cables carry to the supporting towers Preparation Necessary connecting San Pe- the entire dead load of the 1,500-foot A considerable amount of prepara- dro and Terminal main span and a portion of dead load tion was necessary before the first Island. Stretching of the two 506-foot side spans. During wires for these cables could be placed. over 3,050 feet periods of maximum load, each cable On June 18, 1962, John A. Roebling's from anchorage to anchorage, climb- will be stressed to slightly mare than Sons, subcontractor to the Kaiser Steel ing 360 feet to the tops of the towers 9,600,000 pounds. To carry this large Corporation, began erection of the and gracefully sweeping 215 feet force, each cable is made up of 4,028 catwalks which crossed the channel above the water, the twin suspension cold - drawn, high - strength wires, and provided the work platform for

THE CATWALK. The photo shows the four supporting cables, wire mesh, wood cleats, fwo side cables and side wire mesh. January-February, 1963 9

10 10 Public Public California California Highways Highways Works and and

was was wire pulled pulled bridge, bridge, across across the the the the

SECTION CABLE CABLE

form form a a to to When When wire the the giant giant loop. loop.

and and bottom at at down down the the those those under under

2. 3 3

the the 7 7 sheaves swifts swifts 6 6 the the top top over over passed passed 4 4

ewany

TRAMLINf TRAMLINf GABLE, GABLE, '$~ '$~ CrTWAL{( CrTWAL{( LAYOUT

IG IS IS 13 13

near near the the ground ground

from The The wire wire level. level. VINCENT VINCENT T+IOMl15 T+IOMl15 u BRIDGE

about about sets 50 50 feet feet four four up, up, more more and and

of of four four sets sets located sheaves, sheaves, of of double double

port port

consisted This This sheaves. sheaves. of of floating floating

B {NT Bf~r

TOWER TOWER ANCNORAGf ANCNORAGf CABLE CABLE

TOwfR TOwfR ~ ~ ANCHORAGC ~~e~~ ~~e~~

SYSTEM STORM STORM C~BL{ C~BL{ tramway tramway constructed constructed the the was was sup- for for

A A and and between between swifts swifts tower tower the the the

C #T #T W+LLK the the splice.

within failure failure a a there. there. was was In In no no case case

LINE failure. to to tested tested and and machine machine from from the the

splices splices made were were sample sample odically odically

cables. cables. the the Peri- construct construct to to available available

*cK vuue~ vuue~ e SACK SACK IB'!

TOP TOP oT oT

Tor TowER

was wire wire of of length length ending ending never - a a

that

companion companion swift swift

so so

loaded loaded

the the

of of

fastened fastened in in position position for for loosely loosely sliding unreeled unreeled then then be be from from drums these these

beginning

was was to to the the spliced spliced

that that swift swift

ends ends of of the the sections sections mesh mesh wire wire 8,000 8,000 were pounds pounds of of wire. wire. The The would wire wire

from

the the swift, swift, end end

drawn drawn one one

off off

in in hoisted hoisted rolls rolls tower tower to to tops. tops. the the The wound wound drums drums onto onto

about holding holding

nearly

had had

wire wire been been the the

When When

feet feet wide wide by by

coils coils

100 100

spliced spliced are are then then feet feet together together long, long, and was

wire. original original the the than than

ble ble

chain chain

link link

about about mesh mesh case case 6,000 6,000 sections, sections, feet). feet). lineal lineal Several 3 each each

stronger to to proved proved be be splice splice the the that that

walks walks were were

positioned, positioned,

about about weighing weighing

a a 600 600 pounds pounds series series (in (in this of of dou-

firmly sleeve sleeve so so wire wire and and the the the the grip grip

After After

support support billets billets

from from

and and strands strands drawn drawn for for into into the the coils cat-

insert insert to metal metal hardened hardened the the caused caused

bridge bridge pension pension

is is wire wire

manufactured

Mesh Mesh

SecTions SecTions Hoisted

and machine machine splicing splicing from from force force the the of of

was was

cables cables

unreeled. unreeled. Ordinarily, Ordinarily, sus-

tons 75 75 over over

by by produced produced was was duction duction

first first strands strands

for for

swifts, swifts,

support.

from from the the which which wire wire for for the

This This England. England. re- Limited, Limited, Covers, Covers,

of of

lined lined across across

the the

eight eight channel, channel, installed installed

using using vertical vertical drums, drums, axle axle these or

Cables manufactured manufactured

by by were were ferrules ferrules

the the main main catwalk catwalk

span span

were were wire wire for for the the

then then area. area. unreeling unreeling high- Herd Herd were

the and and machine machine splicing splicing Both Both the the

to to tower. tower. The The remaining remaining was was also also progressing progressing strands strands on on preparations for

percent.

10 10 rule rule

by by

barge barge and and lifted lifted in in place place During During from from the the catwalk catwalk tower erection, erection, work

fer-

of of reduced reduced diameter diameter the the the the which which

were were taken taken across across

the the channel channel

Area Unreeling Unreeling

equipped equipped dies with with machine machine jacking jacking

Two Two of of the the strands strands for for the the main main span

hydraulic powered powered

electrically electrically in in an an the the the the catwalk catwalk cable cable by by steel steel suspender suspender bents, bents, ropes. and and up up to to the the towers.

pressed was was ferrule. ferrule. ferrule ferrule then then

The The their their was was tramway tramway positions positions held held down down to from from parallel parallel the the anchors, anchors, over

penetrated penetrated the the

of of end end the center center to to reeled reeled towers towers and and on on bents. bents. In In the the the the spans, spans, the ground, ground, up. up. lifted lifted to

wires wires so so positioned positioned the the that that stop stop each strands strands on on located located top top for for the the the the of of bridge main main side side spans spans were were un-

insert. insert. hardened hardened An An internal metal metal to to and and was was tower, tower, supported supported and and by by towers spinning spinning to to tower tower anchor. anchor. The

containing containing threaded, inches inches and and a a long long to to strand strand reach reach each each of of for for the the from from two two cables main main anchor anchor to to tower, tower, tower

sleeve sleeve a a a a two ferrule, ferrule, metal metal about about sary sary of of two two lengths lengths additional additional lengths lengths of of bridge of of these these catwalk catwalk strands

connected connected ends ends to to of of be be the the wire wire into Roebling Roebling The The rope. rope. tramway tramway constructed was was predetermined predetermined the the neces-

produced produced were were Splices Splices by by inserting high high winds. pulled pulled :tramway along along is is wheel wheel the the

chairs, chairs, excessive excessive only only of of the the several several spinning sway sway and and before before swift swift reloading. deflections deflections during

or or storm storm tow tow that, that, except except instead ski ski chair chair cables cables lift lift was was feet feet 36,000 36,000 could could used used off off be be to to each drawn drawn to to prevent

walk. walk. tramway tramway is is similar similar In In The The followed. followed. to to a addition, addition, a a continuous continuous system system length length of of that that of of up of of a a wire wire tiedown

posts posts Construction Construction to to the the tramway tramway of of increase increase then the the end end previous previous the the of of so top top the the safety safety of of coil coil the

fabric fabric was was to to fastened fastened spliced spliced these these end end bottom bottom of of was was to that that coil coil vertical in in place.

foot foot centers. centers. A A side side was was of of swift, swift, mesh mesh onto onto new new the loaded loaded a a coil coil wire the the to to tightened tightened mesh mesh securely hold hold

walk walk through through connecting connecting posts posts the the flange flange at at bottoms, bottoms, 40- as as at at the the each anchorages, anchorages, the the then then clamps clamps towers towers to to were

handrails handrails and and helped helped support support placed placed the the the the swift swift cat- over over towers towers rest rest from from came came main main on the the and and to to two two the

Two Two additional additional cables cables loading loading served served during during 1,500 1,500 The The slid slid trips. trips. first first as between pulled pulled coil feet feet and and for for

catwalk. times times swifts swifts sections sections chain chain available available After After four four were were link link the the had had for been

footing footing for for the the steep steep sections sections of of four four in in tened tened wires wires pulled pulled the on on were were beams. across across clamping clamping place place at at of of one

mesh mesh to to provide provide stiffness stiffness a a and and tramway tramway sure beams beams installed. installed. were were or or suspender suspender swifts, swifts, fas- were were Since Since only

centers centers were were fastened fastened on on top top of of beams beams intervals, intervals, the and and to to the the handrail handrail job. job. vertical vertical Eight Eight steel axle axle drums,

was was placed. placed. Wood Wood cleats cleats at at two place place mesh mesh and and more more was was -foot slid slid out. out. At brought brought in in effect, effect, They, They, factory the the

bles bles over over which which heavy heavy chain chain link link was. was. beam beam mesh fastened fastened then then loosely loosely from from in rectly rectly coils. the the wire wire

inch inch diameter diameter steel steel strand strand bridge bridge from from ca- tower. tower. the the A A wooden wooden clamping by by unreeling unreeling step step during during spinning spinning di-

catwalks catwalks was was supported supported by by four four one- about about 10 10 mesh mesh feet feet was was of of slid slid this this project, project, out eliminated eliminated Roebling Roebling this

the the cable cable spinners. spinners. Each Each of of the the two the the along along supporting supporting strands strands and and then during during the the of of spinning spinning the the cable. cable. On ~'s ~, .~ .~," x~°e ~q

`, F , ~ .~+ 1 ~;

~£ ~~~

°' ~ ~ d °2aR 3+9bfw ~i~ '` ~ i ~'r°

R 3~ r ~>

PHOTO ABOVE. Looking east from fhe top of the Term'nal Island cable bens. PHOTO ABOVE. The picture shows a single wire being reeled from a swift After the wires are pulled along the bridge from anchorage to anchorage, to one of the too sheaves of the floating sheave tower. PH070 BELOW. they are tested for sag from the guide wire and then positioned one by one Looking east from near the top of fhe Terminal Island tower, several of the in .the large steel tower shoes. PHOTO BELOW. This pirFure, taken at }he 19 strands have been spun. the 19 strands will be squeezed into one compact Terminal bsland anchorage, shows the splay of the cable strands from the cable 135/a inches in diameter, then after full dead load from the supported splay casting at the top of anchorage to the circular strand shoes at the bot- roadway below has been imposed the cables will be tightly wrapped with tom. This portion of anchorage will be boxed in with concrete. galvanized wire and painted. tension would cause the lower set of of the cable approaching both sides looped up near the strand shoes and sheaves to rise and ride suspended on of each tower is nearly the same so over the spinning wheel ready for a this giant loop. This absorbed the that friction in the saddle both during trip across the bridge. When the tram- shock of starting before it could be construction and in the final structure way was started, the wheel moved off, transmitted to the swifts, permitting is sufficient to prevent slipping. The pulling the wire up from the swifts, the swifts to start slowly and smoothly. load on the back stays and anchorage over the top of the wheel and laying It also gave time to stop the swifts produces further elongation. which the wire along the catwalk. When the when the tramway stopped and the must be considered. wire reached the other side, the loop floating sheaves slowly dropped. pulled across by the wheel was re- Calculation Made moved and placed around the strand Result in Savings Calculation must also be made for shoe at that anchor. The wires then This whole process of spinning di- changes in temperature which cause started at the first anchor, passed rect from swifts saved not only the variations in cable length and variation around the strand shoes there, con- work and equipment of unreeling onto in tower position must be considered. tinued across the bridge to the second drums but saved a considerable In the main span, for instance, calcu- anchor, around the strand shoes and amount of heavy equipment that lations indicate that a difference in the back across the bridge and down to would have been needed to start and horizontal distance between the towers the swifts. The wheel was taken back stop the heave reels. of 1" results in a variation in sag of empty to the first anchor, and the wire 2"±, and in the side spans a difference leading back to the swifts was passed Position Determined in the horizontal span length of 1" re- again under the strand shoes and over Before spinning can be started, it is sults in a variation in sag of 7"-~. the wheel, and a second trip. begun. to determine the position necessary The length of cable from anchorage The two main 13 %s -inch cables were that the cable must take in its un- to anchorage was calculated to be constructed of 19 separate strands, stressed condition so that as the total 3,053.6 feet in its unstressed, no-load each strand containing 212' wires. structure load is applied, the , cables condition. As the structure is com- These wires were individually ad- and roadway will deflect to the di- pleted and the cable is subjected to justed to the same approximate sag as mensions and elevations as planned for the full dead load forces, .calculations the guide wire as they were brought the finished structure: The cable takes show that it increases in length 67 up into the strand. When the first the shape of a catenary in its initial inches to 3,059.2 feet. From these cal- strand of 212 wires was completed, it position of supporting only its own culations, the locations of the guide was then surveyed into position in the dead weight. By working back from wires can be determined. same manner as had been done with the final dimensions and elevations to ~. the single guide wire. Subsequent the initial catenary dimensions and Surveyed Info Position strands were adjusted to match this elevations, it is possible to calculate_ Two guide wires, one on each side, control strand. the elongation that will take place in were then surveyed into the exact po- the cable due to the applied dead load sition that this theoretical caternary Cables Built Concurrently of the structure. should take. The survey was made at As the load is applied to the cables, night so that changing temperatures Both cables were constructed con- their sag increases and also the cable would have the minimum influence on currently. Alayer of strands on one supports at the top of the towers move the wire lengths and tower positions. cable was completed, and then a cor- in. The vertical deflection of the The guide wires furnished for this responding layer was constructed on cables at the center of the main span, survey had previously been loaded to the opposite cable while the strands of from their spun position to their final the calculated stress of the finished the first cable were prepared for ad- position, is 12.08 feet and the span elongated cable, and while in this justment. By this means, the forces on length between towers reduced from loaded condition, marked with the the supporting towers were kept rea- 1,503 feet to 1,500 feet by the deflec- correct cable lengths. These marks sonably equal and both cables were tion of each tower 1.50 feet toward were positioned at the centers of the ready for use at nearly the same time. the channel. saddles before the wire was surveyed. After all strands for a cable were To determine the change in length This mechanical means of accounting completed, the entire group is squeezed of cable from its free cable condition for the effect of changing from the into one compact cable 13 %$ inches in to its fully loaded condition, many loaded cable to the catenary agreed diameter. The next step is to hang things must be considered. For in- very closely with the survey results. suspender ropes from the cables for stance, for any one loading condition After positioning of the guide wires, support of the trusses and roadway the horizontal force in the cable is the cable spinning was started by lead- below. These suspender ropes are constant, which means that the cables ing four wires from the swifts, through looped over and seated in preformed at the towers exert only vertical or the floating sheaves, under the strand grooves in large split castings tightly axial loads on them. Since the hori- shoes which hold the wire at the bolted to the main cables by high zontal pull on the cable is constant, anchorage, and then onto the bridge strength bolts. the tension in the cable must vary where the ends were fastened at a Wrapping of the two main cables with every change in slope. The slope convenient place. The wires were then is not started until after the full dead

~ 2 California Highways and Public Works This aerial photo, looking southwest, shows the bridge under construction wish fhe catwalk and partially completed cables suspended between fhe Powers. load of the roadway deck system has been applied.

Work Started FOREST HIGHWAY FUNDS ALLOTTED STATE Work on the 16 %2 -million-dollar The California Division of High- $550,000 to Forest Highway Route project was started in May 1961. The ways, U.S. Forest Service and U.S. 39, Tuolumne County, for grading substructure contract was let to Guy Bureau of Public Roads, have jointly (portion) and base on 6.1 miles of F. Atkinson Company and was com- announced the allocation of federal State Sign Route 120, between 6 miles pleted in July 1962. Guy F. Atkinson forest highway funds for California east of Pilot Ridge and Yosemite Park Company also has the contract for the for the fiscal year which begins July boundary. approach roadwork leading to the 1, 1963. $1,000,000 to Forest Highway 48, bridge on both sides and including the Funds were allotted for the follow- Fresno County, for grading 1.9 miles toll plaza and administration building ing construction projects: of State Sign Route 168 between 2.8 on the Terminal Island side. The larg- $850,000 to Forest Highway Route and 4.7 miles west of Pine Ridge. est contract for the superstructure was 6, Beegum-Peanut Highway, Trinity $375,000 to Forest Highway 93, Sis- let to Kaiser Steel Corporation. The County, for grading of 4.5 miles of kiyou County, for surfacing 30 miles erection of the towers was sublet to State Sign Route 36 between the Trin- of county road between Cecilville and Yuba Erectors and the manufacture ity county line and 4.S miles west. Callahan..$375,400 work acceleration and spinning of the cables to John R. $690,000 to Forest Highway route funds are also available to supplement Roebling's Sons. The project is sched- 7, Mendocino Pass, Glenn County, the forest highway funds. uled for opening to traffic the latter for clearing and grading 7 miles of county road between the forest CITIES GET $9.6 MILLION part of September 1963. boundary and 7 miles west. The Department of Public Works The bridge was designed by the $500,000 to Forest Highway Route apportioned $9,651,130 to the 380 in- State of California, Division of High- 35, Calaveras County, for grading corporated cities in California as their ~vays, Bridge Department, with W. J. (portion) and surfacing of 5.8 miles share of the state tax on gasoline. Jurkovich in charge of design and of State Sign Route 4, Ebbetts Pass This apportionment is 1.5 percent J. M. Curran, Resident Engineer, in Highway, between Dorrington and greater than the quarterly allotment charge of construction. 5.8 miles east. made last October.

January-February, 1963 13 i dCe rid ------

500 Tons of Granite Hanging Over Major Route Poses Problem Fearing possible further falls, in- quisitive maintenance men inspected the sheer cliff above the highway at this place, and found a crack extending downward along the rock face which threatened to release an even greater fall of rock. Observation over several days showed the crack was opening an infinitesimal amount each day, and that eventually another 350 yards or so of rock would fall.

Damoclefian Sword Rather than leave some 500-plus tons of rock hanging like a sword of Damocles above the road, the Echo Summit maintenance crews, ,after consultation with District III Head- quarters at Marysville, decided to shut off the highway and clear the potential fall before it could do any damage. This necessitated a detour, but because of the especially rugged terrain, the only possible route was over the obsolete, discarded, Old Meyers Grade road. Before any work could be done on the rock face, it was necessary this route be reconstructed. Even then, due to its narrowness, sharp switchbacks, and steep grades, only radio-controlled, one-way traffic could be handled over it. A further problem was Bridge 25- 44 (Dry Bridge), mentioned in the report below. This bridge, a sidehill n.. viaduct of concrete girder construc-

Scene of rock Eall area on U.S. 50 near summit of Echo Pass. iwo workmen may be seen at top of cliff tion over 100 feet long and 24 feet just to left of base of big tree near brink. Bridge 25-44 in foreground. wide which carried the highway around a particularly difficult section About 100 cubic the valley floor. At the point of the of cliff, could. be severely damaged DISTRICT yards of rock broke rock fall most of this drop is below should the rock fall land in the wrong III loose from the cliff the road. A~aintenance in this area in place. above and fell on winter at 7,000 feet altitude, is always Since highway maintenance men U.S. 50 just east difficult. are not expected to be "po`vder mon- of Echo Summit at keys," expert advice from private in- Nevertheless within t~~°o hours approximately 7.15 dustry was sought. Rental of private after the fall Echo Summit mainte- p.m., November equipment vas also necessary, and an working in 10, 1962. Luckily, nance crews, the dark, emergency allotment of $20,000 was no vehicles were near at the time. had cleared cone-way road. By noon set up for the job. The road here is virtually carved of the next day the entire road sur- On the following pages is the high- from a rock face which rises 1,000 face was cleared, and normal traffic ~~~ay superintendent's report of how feet, almost perpendicularly, from conditions reinstituted. the job was done.

14 California Highways and Public Works n ovu a s e m ove

the rock formation was delayed until :~;.'~''' `" November 28, 1962. ~,~~ ~ ~ ~~` a ~ ~ ~r At 9 a.m., November 28, 1962, traf- ~~~ ~' .- ~~a°`~ "~ ~_r,.. ~~~ ,, ~ ~~ fic was routed over the Old Meyers ~~ ~` Grade and drilling and blasting oper- ~;y~, .~~~~~ ~.~ ~~~ ~, '~~-,~ ~~ ~ ~~ °~~ ations began on the rock formation. °~ ~~' ` ; ~~ ''~.°j"'`~. ~'~ y f< Truck -and - trailer combinations, ~`~~~- ~;" 4~`' ~ ~'~~, ~ ~, ~~ overlength loads and single-drive =~ ~ ~~ ;, ~..~~~ ~ ~S. ~ ~ ~ . three-axle trucks were restricted on ' ~ ~..}~ ~x ''~` _ ~~,,,. '~ . the detour, due to two switchback ,~a., '".~ ;,;~ '~a' ~` x '°("' _ ~ ,~, # ` , '~~i►• ~' j turns being too sharp to negotiate. ~,s < .,.~: < ,~.'~ ~ E a~, ,~ ~, ~"` ~. .:t Work was started immediately to '~~` ~ ~ ~ ''``~ ~`. ~ ~ ~~° , j~ ~ ~~ widen the turning radius.of these turns ~ - } ~ ~~-:y~ r 4 r ~~ ~ A ..fief to accommodate all but overlength ~' ~.,~~ '; ~ ~ ~~, ,. - `° ~E~~`" - f loads under normal conditions. Men working on rim of cliff—note safety lines. Drop here is about 75 feet fo highway, nearly a thousand feet more to valley floor. Car parked on closed U.S. 50 may be seen beyond right elbow of upper tgure.

Photo at left below, shows tragic moving in one-way groups over narrow switchbacks of old Meyers Grade road. Photo of right is highway maintenance truck with portable generator and radio equipment, here at east end of detour in radio communication with west end of detour.

9~n'

a. p

Sand Cushion on Bridge Mr. Absher surveyed our problem, then suggested steps to follow to accomplish the rock formation removal with the least possibility of damaging the Bridge No. 25-44. If surrounding rocks were loosened it was feared they might become dislodged and damage this bridge. A cushion of sand was placed on the bridge deck to prevent damage from falling rocks caused by blasting.

16 surface area to drill. This third series of four holes was loaded with 17 sticks Luddy, Woolley Reappointed to Highway Commission of 40 percent dynamite, and detonated at 11.45 a.m:, November 29. All concerned were relieved to learn that this charge loosened the remainder of the rock mass and caused it to fall to the highway below, well clear of Bridge 25-44. tiVe now had 300-}- cubic yards of rock to remove. The D-8 tractor dozer, 3 cut~c yard loader and com- pressor were moved in immediately to begin cleaning the roadway. A 12-font roadway was cleared by 4.45 p.m., November 29. Due to the condition of the road surface and time involved to change the 'detour it was decided to allow all vehicles which had been restricted on the detour to use this roadway, so restrictions could be lifted.

Clear on November 30 Removal work was resumed at 8 ARTHUR T. LUDDY ROGER S. WOOLLEY a.m., November 30, and by 11 a.m. all rocks were clear of the roadway. Governor Edmund G. Brown an- The falling rock masses caused ex- nounced on January 17, 1963, the re- tensive damage to the road surface and appointment of Arthur T. Luddy of IN MEMORIAM base. The remainder of the day was Sacramento and Roger S. Woolley of spent restoring the roadway. All nec- San Diego to four-year terms on the essary repairs were completed by 3.30 California Highway Commission. Bridge Department p.m., November 30, at which time the Both men were first appointed in 1954. Milton C. Kjer, bridge construc- road vas opened to all traffic. Luddy, who served as vice chair- tion inspector II. man of the commission in 1962, is an executive of the California-Western District III States Life Insurance Company. His Floyd E. Byars, highway engineer- Construction Index interest in highway matters has grown ing technician I. in part out of his extensive travels Shows Marked Drop about the State as an insurance man District IV The California Highway Construc- during the past 40 years. Edward Leong, assistant highway tion Cost .Index for the fourth quar- He has been active in civic affairs in engineer. ter of 1962 stands at 232.6, a decrease the Sacramento area, including a term Rolf W. Sollie, engineering aid II. of 56.5 points or 19.5 percent under on the city planning commission. He L. Albert Weymouth, principal the third quarter of 1962, returning is also prominent in Catholic circles highway engineer. the index to the level of 1960 and and was recently made a Knight of St. 1961.. However, none of the larger Gregory the Great. projects used for the index computa- District X Woolley is an attorney whose home tion in the fourth quarter is located Kermit M. Cagle, drawbridge oper- is in Rancho Santa Fe. He had been a in mountainous terrain, where the cost ator. member and officer of the San Diego of highway construction is usually Highway Development higher. Association Shop 2 for several years prior to his original Gerald M. Sindorf, heavy equip- The index for the year 1962 has appointment to the commission. been computed at 256.2, 17.1 points ment mechanic. or 7.2 percent higher than the figure A native of Chicago, Woolley was for the year 1961. educated at the College of William State-owned Toll Bridges The number of bidders per project and Mary, London University,. and Arthur Frdss, toll bridge electrician. during the fourth quarter averages 6.1, the Columbia University Law School. Albert A. Mellis, highway mainte- an increase cf 1.6 over the previous He served in the U.S. Navy in World nance man II. quarter. War II.

January-February, 1963 17 • ~~ Y O~ 'Arctic Circle' Section Widened to Four Lanes

By L. M. BARNETT, District Construction Engineer, and J. L. RIDDELL and W. McKNIGHT, Resident Engineers On September DISTRICT' 12, 1962, the last of VIIIthree contracts was completed between Lakeview Point and Big Bear Dam, expanding from two to four lanes the 5.4 miles of highway that is locally referred to as the "Arctic Circle." Big Bear is one of the most popular resort areas in Southern California and is accessible by three main routes: State Sign Route 18-30 from San Ber- nardino Valley, SSR 38 from Redlands via Mill Creek Canyon and Barton Flats, and SSR 18 from Lucerne Val- ley on the desert side. The Big Bear Lake valley recrea- tional area, 90 miles from the vast Los Angeles metropolis, was not being adequately served by the existing two- lane highway. The most treacherous Construction equipment widens the two-Tone ledge section of fhe Big Bear Highway. portion of this highway was between Lakeview Point and Big Bear Dam, "" ~ ~" ~ ~ ~ where the number of vehicles in one ~ a direction oftentimes exceeds 600 per g ~., 4~,. hour. It was constructed in 1926 on .~ ~~- «rt'. ~s' the precipitous mountain terrain as a ~T.; '~► narrow, twisting two-lane road and ~. remained in that condition until the first of three major improvement projects was started in 1957. Since that time, three contracts have been completed .providing four lanes of undivided roadway all the way along the "Arctic Circle." On the old winding two-lane road, it was almost impossible for anyone to overtake a slow-moving vehicle for the whole 5.4 miles. Passing maneuvers are now possible throughout the area.

Adverse Weather Conditions The last two contracts were started in January and February of 1962. The day after the first bids were opened, it began to snow and continued until over five feet had accumulated. This A crew completes paving of fhe fourth lane on the new widened portion of the Big Bear Highway.

1$ California Highways and Public Works A topographic m•ap of the Big Bear Lake area showing dhe location of the "Arctic Circle" section of Sign Route 30 on which the construction work described in Phis article took place. was the beginning of extreme storm shovels, two large rubber-tired loaders, equipment operators had to have slope conditions. The area was receiving its and 44 trucks on roadway excavation stakes for a guide, the arduous task of heaviest snowfall in years. working 12-hour shifts all within the trying to shinny up the precipitous Normally the contractor would not confined limits of their project. snow-covered slopes was started. Even during fair weather conditions, these attempt to work under conditions as Surveyors Overcome Obstacles adverse as these. (He would be com- It was much easier, however, for prodigious mountains are a challenge pensated with working days at the end this heavy equipment to push through to a surveyor's ruggedness and inge- of his contract.) However, these two the deep snow than it was for the nuity. The rocky mountainside ,from contracts were different in that they surveyors. Nevertheless, since the which the road is carved is near verti- had amiddle-of-the-job requirement cal. The cuts extend up to 120 feet that the road could, under no circum- and the fills down to 300 feet. In set- stances, be closed to traffic 'after June ting slope stakes, the surveyors often 14. This opening requirement was had to be supported with ropes. compelled by the large additional :~: tourist traffic that moves into this re- Surveyors Versafilify sort area after school vacations begin. Southern California surveyors are normally more accustomed to adapt- ing themselves to the flat valleys and Early Opening Dafe This early opening date meant that extremely hot desert areas. However, the contractors had to substantially they demonstrated their versatility in complete the major grading by that adjusting to this extreme change in time. So, snow or no snow, they climate and terrain. By donning ear- moved in with their equipment and muffs, mittens, and loggers' boots they started clearing and excavating. Ap- were able to combat the heavy snows proximately 770,000 cubic yards of and steep cliffs, and keep ahead of the earth and rock had to be excavated contractor's operations. In order to re- and compacted in embankments locate and find previously set survey within the tight time schedule. At one Surveying in snow country. A member of the party points, it was often necessary to dig signals the others that he has finally found the time, there were 29 dozers, four large "catch point" they have been looking for. through five feet of snow and ice,

January-February, 19b3 19 Looking out .across Big Bear Lake from the east end of the road widening job.

A portion of the new four•laned "Arctic Circle" section of Sign Route 30.

20 California Flighways ar~d Public Works often only to find the same point completely covered by fresh snow on the following day. At one time, eight survey parties were used placing clearing lath and slope stakes in order to insure that the contractor was not delayed.

Springs Used for Fountains Several springs were encountered which threatened the stability of the highway. These springs were har- nessed by installation of spring boxes and then put to good use by piping the water to various scenic lookout points. Rock drinking fountains were constructed at these locations to provide mountain- spring water for the tourists. This improvement is located within the limits of the San Bernardino Na- tional Forest and was constructed under United States Forest Service permit. U.S. Forest Service officials co-operated with the State of Califor- nia in this improved roadway. tional width and the improved align- The second unit, built by Matich ment will now afford sufficient room Depa rtment Awa rds Constructors, was completed on Aug- in which to handle the snow and slide ust 18, 1962, and Record Landscape Job the third unit, built material without closing the road or by the E. L. Yeager Company, was seriously hampering the flow of public The largest state highway landscap- completed on September 12, 1962. traffic; and, most important, the vaca- ing contract in its history, $424,230.87, Heavy snow and slides will con- tioner will no longer be annoyed by for trees, shrubs and ground cover on tinue to be a problem along this sec- having to poke along behind a slow- 4.8 miles of the Golden State and tion of roadway. However, the addi- moving .vehicle. Glendale Freeways in Los Angeles, has been awarded by the State De- partment of Public Works. In awarding the contract to the K.E.C. Company of Artesia, State Di- rector of Public Works Robert B. Bradford pointed out that in the last few years the California Highway Commission has been budgeting about $4,000,000 a year for landscaping and other planting. The contract awarded today in- volves installing an irrigation system and planting 2,660 trees, 32,000 shrubs and 622,400 ground cover plants. The work will extend for about 3 %z miles along the Golden State Freeway (U.S. 6-99), between the Los Angeles River crossing near Elysian Park and Glendale Boulevard; and a little over g~ a mile on the Glendale Freeway, including the complex interchange con-

Preparing ►he Big Bear Road for oiling. the year: 1928. necting the two routes. January-February, 1963 2~ I O More of U.S. 466 Now 4-lane Freeway

By CHARLES H. JACKSON, Resident Engineer ~~~ d: ~ ~~~i Transformation :~- +~ ~ W ,.~ : ,~ ~, ~ . .~~-,~. r . ,o~. ~ DISTRICT Of U S. 46 6 m east- .~y ~. ~. a~. ,.. I~r ern Kern County 11 from an inadequate two-lane cross- state lateral to a modern four-lane freeway has taken another major step forward with the completion of 5.8 miles through rugged mountain country west of Te- hachapi. The new section, extending from Caliente Road about 27 miles east of Bakersfield to Keene, was opened to traffic on October 30, 1962. It serves as an extension of the 12- mile foothill section of U.S. 466 to the west which was completed by District VI in December 19.60, and described in the March-April 1961 issue of California Higl~~zvc~ys c~nd Public Works. PH070 ABOVE. During the earlier construction phases of fhe project flagmen handed ou~ leaflets The next step will be construction explaining the reasons for traffic delays ahead. BELOW. View of completed roadway. Note concrete lined ditches above cuts to prevent erosion. of a 7.6-mile section eastward from Keene to near the west city limit of ,.~ ~6 . ~ l " Tehachapi. The California Highway Commission included $4,100,000 for the first unit of this project, the grading, and work is expected to start this spring.

Route Is Major Link This route, known as the Tehach- api Highway in Kern County, is a link in a major transcontinental highway. Heavy traffic on this route in- eludes a large percentage of trucks

H and out-of-state traffic as well as local i ,,. traffic. This new section of freeway begins "~ ~~ about 27 miles east of the City of „~.M.,~ . Bakersfield and ends some 10 miles west of the City of Tehachapi. Throughout its length it traverses difficult. terrain of the Tehachapi A~ountains. The new 5.8-mile, four-lane, 60 m.p.h. full freeway replaces a facility which had become inadequate for today's traffic. Deficiencies of the pre-

22 California Highways and Public Works vious facility were narrow width of pavement, long steep grades, winding alignment, restricted sight distance and lack of capacity due to slow- moving vehicles.

Only Feasible Line The only feasible line of development for the new freeway was along the line-of the existing facility so the existing highway was utilized wher- ever , possible. Deviation from the original alignment was made where necessary to obtain acceptable line and grade standards. The old highway had 23 curves ranging in radius from 600 feet to 3,000 feet; 10 of these curves had radii of 1,000 feet or less. Maximum grade was 6 percent on a total length of 2.6 miles. The longest sustained 6 percent grade was 1.2 miles in length. The new freeway ascends the slopes of the Tehachapi A~ountains from elevation 2,084 feet to elevation 2,732 feet. Grades vary from amini- mum of 0.25 percent to a maximum of 6 percent. The lone 6 percent New plate girder bridge at Tehachapi Creek during construction. County road under first span, railroad grade is 0.6 mile long. There are 3.3 under third span and creek between. miles of grade varying from 3.15 percent to 5.50 percent. About 54 per- ,;~,~ cent of the alignment is on tangent. . ~.,,_ There are 19 curves with radii varying from 1,200 feet to 15,000 feet. During the grading phase of construction the contractor was required to permit public traffic to pass through the work with as little delay as possible. During pioneering and blasting operations traffic could not be permitted through the work areas. Scheduled two-hour traffic delays were placed in effect during this period. Signs were posted to give public notice of these delays. Radio, televi- sion and newspapers were used to keep the public informed. Handout leaflets, describing the work in progress and giving reasons for the detain- ing of traffic, were given to people stopped during traffic control.

Water in Short Supply Water for construction purposes was in short supply locally. Reservoirs were built to impound water from Clear Creek. However, this source supplied an insufficient quantity at best; the creek dried up entirely dur- Benched cut and heavy fill partly completed. Note steep haul roads in rugged terrain.

January-February, 1963 23

24 24

California California Highways Highways and and Public Public Works

single single

item item of of on on project. work work the the steep steep grades grades were were concrete, lined lined with with construction construction cost cost was was $5,050,000.

Roadway Roadway excavation excavation was was the the

largest

quite quite erosive, erosive,

ditches ditches benches benches on and and

M. M. Kelly, Kelly, Resident Resident Engineers. Engineers. Final

LargesT LargesT native native Since Since Item Single Single

soil soil is is granitic granitic and largely largely

tion tion Engineer; Engineer; C. C. H. H. Jackson Jackson R. and and

maintain maintain the the pattern. natural natural

drainage drainage

neers; neers; R. R. J. J. Jarvis, Jarvis, were were District District closed. Construc-

to to installed installed drain drain roadway roadway

and

the the

Mountains Mountains without without construction construction zones C. C. and and A. A. Shervington, Shervington, District District

Engi-

from from

size size

12 12

inches inches were inches, inches,

to to 66 66

other other when when routes routes

Tehachapi the the

in in

the the under under

supervision supervision

of of E. E.

R. R. Foley

of of corrugated corrugated

ranging ranging in metal metal

pipe, pipe,

route route the the was was kept kept

open open to to even traffic traffic

superintendent. superintendent.

The The work work was was done

Creek Creek Canyon. Canyon. Some Some linear linear cult. cult. feet 10,500 10,500 However, However,

storms during during

heavy heavy

L. L. Mason Mason was was the the contractor's contractor's

general

work work stoppages stoppages hachapi hachapi Mountains Mountains and and diffi- travel travel made made Tehachapi to to

prime prime contractor contractor

for for the the contract. contract. R. water. water. the the from from Fog, Fog, rain, rain, and and forced northerly hail hail snow snow Te- the the slopes slopes of of

R. R. R. R. project project Hensler, Hensler, was was Sun Sun steep steep too too plagued plagued channels channels Valley, Valley, much with with runoff which which was carry carry

During During The The the the

alignment alignment winter winter

1961 the -62 -62 of of numerous crosses crosses new new facility.

water water considerably. supply supply contractor's contractor's

personnel.

turally turally to to permit permit its its inclusion inclusion in in

the

of of water. water.

This This problem problem completed completed the the eased eased of without without serious serious to injury injury

bridge bridge was was

sufficiently sufficiently

adequate adequate struc-

fied fied without without compaction compaction through through addition difficult difficult the the

terrain, terrain, was

work work

at at Tehachapi Tehachapi

Creek. Creek.

The The

existing

compactors compactors achieve achieve were were to to speci- able able inherent inherent heavy heavy in in construction

was was built built adjacent adjacent to to an an existing existing bridge encountered encountered on on vibratory this this project project noteworthy noteworthy in in that that spite spite of of peril the the

embankments. embankments. these these of of granular granular In In soils undercrossings. undercrossings. the the hauling hauling were were Athird Athird often often hazardous. hazardous. bridge It It is

compactors compactors construction were were used used in in difficult. difficult. Pioneering, Pioneering, excavating excavating and traffic. traffic. bridges bridges Two Two were were built built for

the the end end the the to to project. project. of of Vibratory hillsides hillsides

Steeply Steeply sloping sloping

made made

access

Hart Hart Flat Flat and and at at Keene Keene

serve serve

to to

local

possible possible 9.5 9.5 miles miles the the pipeline along along of of A~aximum A~aximum feet. feet. was was fill fill Z00 Z00 feet.

Interchanges Interchanges

were were

constructed constructed

here here summit. summit. From From gravity gravity was flow flow 100 100 maximum maximum than than feet; feet; cut cut was was 280

used. been been short short overcome overcome lift lift a a to to to to the the nearby Many Many shot. shot. the the were were cuts cuts of of deeper

have have possible possible been been had had graders motor motor the the hachapi. hachapi. Apump Apump at at sufficed well well cubic cubic ~~ere ~~ere yards yards 700,000 700,000 drilled drilled and

a a section section truer truer was was water water just just a a of of well well west west Te- and and of of road~~ay road~~ay than than grade grade of of yards yards would excavation. excavation. About

months. months. The The main main summer summer ing ing source Construction Construction required required 1,950,000 1,950,000 The The cubic use use of of this this equipment equipment resulted resulted in

was was system system used used this this during during operation.

change change

in in left left

tender.

treated treated The The

base. base.

electronic electronic

guidance

end end from from westerly westerly project. project. Looking Looking Tehachapi Tehachapi of of New New Bridge Bridge Creek Creek foreground foreground on on and and left left Keene Keene in in Inter-

paving, paving, used used was was to to trim trim cement-

tachments tachments differing differing those those from from used used in

The The basic basic paver, paver, -form -form slip with with at-

joints.

formed formed less less were were expensive expensive sawed than than

was was This This paver. paver. effective effective joints joints and and so

immediately immediately behind behind the the -form slip slip

0.004 -inch -inch thick) thick) the the fresh fresh in in concrete

polyethylene polyethylene inches inches (2 (2 ribbon ribbon wide wide by

pavement pavement was was formed formed by by inserting inserting a

poured poured 24 24 lithically lithically width width foot foot of

longitudinal longitudinal The The joint joint in in the the mono-

Polyethylene Polyethylene Used Ribbon Ribbon

the the paving.

probes probes permitted permitted accurate accurate control control of

with with the the machine's machine's electronic electronic control

line line and and grade grade wires wires conjunction in in

were were automatically automatically controlled. controlled. Offset

slope slope cross cross the the concrete concrete of of pavement

form form paver. paver. grade, grade, Alignment, Alignment, and

with with a a Guntert Guntert &Zimmerman &Zimmerman slip-

cement cement concrete. concrete. Paving Paving was was done

over over cubic cubic 34,700 34,700 portland of of yards yards

miles miles of of 24 pavement pavement -foot -foot required

Construction Construction of of the the project's project's 11

at at pipe pipe to to outlets outlets prevent prevent erosion.

dissipators dissipators and and were were energy energy installed an a eo- a uvar r~ e

By NORMAN C. RAAB, Projects Engineer, Division of San Francisco Bay Toll Crossings

Bids were.received on July 11, 1961 the present number of bay crossings Other Roads Built starting the overwater construction until the year 1980. After erection, other appurtenant for the new seven-mile-long, four- .The new trestle will initially pro- roadway facilities will be added for and six-lane San Mateo-Hayward vide for afour-lane divided roadway the safe and comfortable passage of Bridge across San Francisco Bay re- with provision for expansion to six vehicles. placing the present substandard two- lanes, when needed, by the addition The contract requires the furnish= lane structure which has been in oper- of two lanes on the north side. This ing of 4,840 piles, 60 to 90 feet in ation since 1929. A 13'/a -million-dollar addition would not in any way inter- length; 1,620 pile caps; 3,212 deck contract was awarded to the low bid- fere with traffic using the four lanes. units; and 47,700 lineal feet of curb der, Peter Kiewit Sons' Company, to The new single-deck steel structure and railing units. construct the first section of this proj- is being planned for six lanes. Due to the multiplicity of similar ect, a four-lane concrete trestle. The four-lane trestle consists of concrete parts, the contractor pre- This is the fifth of 16 contracts four fundamental elements: pared acasting yard in the City of contemplated for the 70-million-dollar Six, 24-inch hollow prestressed concrete Richmond for an assembly line pro- project with consists of: a wide earth piles per bent. duction of the different units. This fill one-third of a mile in length at the Two precast concrete pile caps which are consisted of placing the reinforcing east end of the bridge on which the jointed into one during construction. Four precast deck sections which are in steel forms, casting, curing, water- toll plaza with, its administration and dowelled at one end to the cap. maintenance buildings will be con- Two precast concrete curb and rail units proofing, and later barging the units structed; 4 z/3 miles of four-lane pre- for each side of the roadway. to the site for erection. cast concrete trestle, and two miles of six-lane, high-level steel structure over the navigation channel near the west end of the project. The contract for the fill called for placing 425,000 cubic yards of selected earth material starting at the east shoreline. The fill, as it progressed westward, was wedge shaped in form, having its two faces at an angle of 30 degrees with the centerline of construction. Tk~e weight of the placed material caused the soft bay mud to be displaced, seaward. Small blasting charges were employed to keep the mud in a mobile, semiliquid consist- ency along the working front.

Soft Mud Displaced It has been estimated from the material placed that 80 percent of the soft mud was displaced; the fill and earth beneath has consolidated over two feet during the first 12 months. It is expected that another foot of settlement will occur within the next two years prior to the construction of the toll plaza. Recent traffic studies have indicated that a modern four-lane divided roadway would provide ample capacity at Looking easfi toward Hayward, showing mole fill al east end of bridge project where toll plaza will 6e the present rate of growth and with built. Note mud displaced by fill. Start of new concrete trestle in foreground.

January-February, 1963 25 n~

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TRESTLE CONSTRUCTION. Pile driving background followed by pile cufoff sefiing caps and deck units.

PLAZING DECK UNITS. Large cores in deck for placing concrefie in top of pile.

26 California_ Highways and Public Works The yard, which is one-half mile in length and 250 feet wide, is divided into areas for casting piles, deck units, caps, curb and rail units; it also provides space for the curing and waterproofing prior to shipping. Straddling the length of the yard are three gantries operating on one set of railroad rails spaced at 70-foot centers. These rail facilities not only handle the completed casting, but transport the materials needed in the construction. Probably the most interesting and novel yard procedure is the continuous casting of the prestressed, hollow standard concrete piles. Four individual 900-foot beds were constructed by the contractor, each consisting of a 24-inch diameter, half- circular metal form encased in concrete. Flanges on both sides of top edges served as supporting tracks for the movable, half-circular upper form with material hopper and concrete vibrators attached.

705-foot Mandrel Partially supported from the lower form by means of movable rollers and traveling independently at the same. speed as the upper forms is a 15-inch cylindrical mandrel i05 feet in length PILE DRbVING. Centerpile of three-pile bent being plumbed in floating template. which forms the -inch shell thick- 4%z pile lengths. The spiral then ness. These units are moved at a rate hooping is protective coats are placed on the pile spaced and tied to the individual of five. to seven feet a minute by a caps and undersurface of the deck strands along the length the pile. cable reeled in at one end of the cast- of anits prior to barging to the site. There are 16 steel forms provided ing bed. Circular removable partitions Piles Are Neat Cured are placed in the form and are set to for the casting and partial curing of After casting, the piles are heat the deck units. Prior to placing con- the length of the pile desired. They cured by placing ahalf-circular hood are notched to space and retain strands crete, most of the reinforcing steel for over the upper portion of the form the deck unit is assembled, tied to- in proper location in pile shell. The and then admitting steam. The heat speed of the movable forms is slowed gether and placed in the forms. The is gradually raised and then lowered armored roadway expansion joints are to 1 %Z to two feet a minute at these through a 16-hour thermostatically partitions. accurately set and fixed in the form; controlled cycle. After the concrete also, threaded steel inserts to which While casting is taking place in one has reached a strength of 4,000 psi, bed, another retains the previously the curb and railing section will be the stress at the ends of the steel bolted and placed at this time. In the cast piles for curing, and the third bed strands is released, the wires are cut is being cleaned. event two additional lanes are needed at the partitions, the piles are removed in the future, the curb and rail units The fourth form is prepared for from the forms for drying and water- can be unbolted and shifted to the casting which consists of placing a proofing, the forms are cleaned and widened six-lane roadway. The pile bundle of No. 5 spiral wire between ready for another cycle. caps also have provisions for their ex- each pile partition, stretching, 13 7/1 s- After casting and curing, the tension. inch high-strength seven-wire steel piles are removed by the gantries and strands the full length of the bed. Dimensions Constantly Checked They are clamped at one end and placed on skids where the upper por- Where there is a repetition in the stressed at the other which are then tion of the pile, which will project fabrication of standard or duplicate positioned. and supported by the pile above the mud line after driving, is units, checks must be continuously partitions which are used to separate sandblasted and painted with three made of the dimensions to which the the continuous casting into the proper coats of waterproofing material. Two unit is cast. A slight error in any January-February, 1963 a7 length will lead to an accumulated error in the field resulting in either an under or overrun of distance. An error of over two feet occurred during the construction of the original trestle and is now being corrected in the new construction. The roadway spans are steam cured and after the concrete has reached a strength of 2,400 psi, the units are removed from the forms, first by means of compressed air introduced through fittings on the underside of the form at the center of the slab to break the skin friction of the concrete on the steel faces, and secondly by the gantry's sling and strongback which transport the units to another area of the yard for air curing and waterproofing. The pile caps, as well as the curb and rail sections, are cast in steel forms and handled in somewhat the same manner as the deck sections. Three conduits are placed in each curb to provide for the main and secondary power lines and three additional conduits are placed in the railing for lighting, telephone and supervisory PILE CU70FF OPERATION. Cuffing off and aligning piles prior to placing caps. control wires.

Erection Procedure Funds for the construction of the new San Mateo-Hayward Bridge are derived from the net revenues of this crossing combined with those of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay and Dum- barton Bridges. The plans call for the contractor to maintain two lanes of traffic, one in each direction, for. the uninterrupted flow of vehicles. The contract also requires the new trestle be constructed contiguous to the old viaduct for detouring from one roadway to the other and for the providing of working space for the contractor's men and equipment. Both the preliminary and final studies not only considered the meth- 'ods and materials to be used in the construction but the production, fur- nishing, and placing of the various parts; also the salvaging and reuse of any units in the future due to expansion or damage to the structure. A ruling of the U.S. Engineers required the removal of all material from included the railing, CONCRETE ROADWAY UNIiS. Cast unit being lifted from steel forms shown in foreground. the site, which 28 California Highways and Public Works PILE-CASTING OPERATION showing top movable form being filled from bottom dump bucket. January-February, 1963 29 deck units, caps, and piling of the old which parallels the bridge. These in poured through precast circular open- concrete viaduct. turn were compared with the length ings in the slab after the roadway After examining and taking core of piles that had been driven in the units were placed and leveled. samples of the original piles, it was previous construction. The deck units are 14 feet 7 inches considered doubtful that they could The piles are lifted from the barge in width and 29 feet 11 %2 inches in be extracted without breaking at the by a Whirley type floating derrick of length. Four units provide two 13- waterline due to the small amount of 75-ton capacity and placed vertically foot curb lanes, two 12-foot lanes, and steel reinforcing in the pile and the in a floating jog which accommodates a median strip of four feet. amount remaining after deterioration. 12 piles. The piles are plumbed and Provision for More Lanes driven until a minimum capacity of Pile Removal Cosily 60 tons had been obtained. After driv- If an increase in traffic requires It was estimated that the cost of re- ing, the template is separated and additional bridge width, two addi- moving these old piles, which was later floated forward and accurately spaced tional units can be erected on the verified by the contract unit prices, for the setting of the piles in the next north side to provide two 13-foot would be greater than the driving of three bents. curb lanes, four 12-foot traffic lanes, new piles. The hammer is a double-acting and a median strip of nine feet two Construction of the new north two- steam hammer fitted with a special inches. lane roadway required the following driving head modified by the contrac- The trestle consisted of a series of major operations:. tor to minimize the breaking and 30-foot simple spans of lightweight concrete, one end of which rests upon Striping the splitting of the tops of the concrete present 27-foot roadway for firmly two 12-foot lanes. piles.. and is anchored to the top of Erecting a barricade along the north lane. the concrete cap. The other end rests Removing rail and curb of existing trestle. Carborundum Saws Used on a short cantilevered length of the Placing and centering twelve 24-inch piles Circular carborundum saws were preceding span by a metal shoe. in a jig. In the early planning stages this 30- Driving piles for north bents. used to cut the piles to grade prior to Carting off pile ends to grade. the placing of the precast concrete foot span was compared with the Flacing and concreting pile cap to grade. caps. All piles cut off, as well as the cost of a 60-foot prestressed standard Placing two roadway units. curb and railing removed from the concrete design and a sand fill. Leveling and dowelling units to cap. old structure, were placed on a barge Records have shown that highway Erecting curb and rail units on north side. fills constructed upon the soft Striping new roadway. and the debris was deposited in spoil mate- areas obtained by the contractor. rials underlying the waters of San The 27-foot wide roadway of the Following the cutting off c~f the Francisco Bay are not stable and have old trestle was restriped for two 12- pile to grade, a collar devised by the required extensive roadway repairs. foot lanes. A temporary timber curb contractor is bolted to their tops The settlement, the record of which with steel skid beam was erected along which provides for the bolting of an is previously mentioned, for the fill the north lane which provided, work- adjustable strut between the piles to on which the toll plaza is to be lo- ing space for the contractor while obtain the nine-foot transverse cated is typical of other fills placed dismantling the old concrete curb and spacing. by the department. The initial cost rail. The three pile tops are brought of a fill with the amount of mainte- Precast Piles into longitudinal alignment by the nance required over a 25-year period The driving of the precast piles was weight of the precast cap when low- was not economically justified and the controlling field operation and ered into the battered spacing plates consequently this plan was not generally preceded all others. on the collars. adopted. The length of piles for the individ- The tops of the piles fit into a two- Another study using 60-foot pre- ual bents were ordered in advance by foot-two-inch diameter hole in the stressed concrete spans was consid- the engineer for casting and barging bottom of the cap. This circular ered and rejected due to cost result- to the site as needed. opening is 2 %z inches deep and is con- ing from the following: Payment for the piles in place was nected by another 15-inch hole with Four piles in every other bent of the old made on a lineal foot basis and a unit the of the cap. trestle would have to be removed. top The ejection of the old piles would have amount for the driving of each. The The cap was permanently attached increased the cost by $1;600,C00. application of the waterproofing to to the upper part of the pile by The cost estimates for oveiwater construc- the piles and other units and any re- lowering a circular cage of reinforc- tion indicated no savings for the longer pairs to the same same are included precast, prestressed spans. ing steel three feet six inches into the Larger floating handling equipment would in the contract price. pile; the upper two feet three inch have required a greater amount of chan- To minimize the length of pile cut length remaining in the cap. A 15-inch nel excavation on each side of the new off after driving, extensive foundation circular wooden plug was wired to construction, thereby increasing cost. exploration borings were made and the lower end of the steel to retain the The study fora 30-foot span re- this information was compared with concrete which filled the upper por- vealed many savings, particularly the boring logs of the old structure tion of the hollow pile and the circu- when lightweight concrete was con- and those obtained for a powerline lar hole in the cap. The concrete was sidered for the construction of the

30 California Highways and Public Works roadway units, together with curb No Explosive Used cushioned with old rubber tire casings and railing sections. The breaking out of the old con- to break the fall. erete structure proved to be a very The .tops of the four piles in the Overall Cost becrease slow and expensive operation as no old bents were cut off just below the lightweight aggregate and ex- The explosive could be used in the demoli- cap and these were deposiCed in the tra required increased the cement tion and all debris had to be moved bay with the rest of the debris in cer- concrete cost by X4.50 per cubic from the site. tain designated areas. yard; however, the lighter load im- The contractor employed an air- The shimming of the roadway units posed upon the piles eliminated one operated hammer that was set verti- pile per bent which gave an overall to exact elevation has produced a level cally in a steel frame stand which was riding surface which should not re- decreased cost of over $300,000. By so moved about on the bridge deck. planning, the four piles in the original quire an aspalt topping for some Fitted into the hammer was a large time in the future. The open curbs trestle did not have to be removed, as steel spud which cracked the slab and the three new piles were spaced to provide a clean deck and good drain- girders at each bent. The assembly was age. miss the old and were placed in the moved by a truck crane ahead of the same plane. work. (Additional articles will follow on When taking into consideration the The old concrete units together the high-level steel crossing of the rough water encountered in the erec- with the other broken parts were navigation channel and other features tion, the amount of protective coating dropped onto the deck of a barge required by toll bridges.) required, and the isolation of the site, the cost of $9.50 per square foot of roadway surface compares favorably with other trestles constructed under similar conditions.

Cast in "L" Shape The rail and curb is cast in an "L"- shaped form which contains three two-inch conduits in the rail for primary and secondary roadway lighting electrical wires and three in the curb for the primary bridge electrical cir- cuit. The curb is 10 inches above the surface of the roadway and has a seven- irich face. The remaining three inches was lefE open for deck drainage. The rail and curb units are 29 feet 11 %2 inches in length, the same as the slab and are supported by five 18-inch x 24 %z -inch blocks through which two one-inch stud bolds are fastened into the deck inserts. This section can be moved intact if the roadway is widened for additional traffic lanes. There is also cast into each wall a rrietal pullbox which will also house the ballast for the roadway lighting. The curb has a pullbox every 300 feet. Inserts were aslo placed in the top of the wall to which will be fastened the brackets supporting afive-inch- diameter metal safety rail to be furnished under another contract. Addi- tional inserts were provided in the wall of each span for roadway lighting, signs, and signals where needed; also, for the roadside emergency telephone boxes. PILE-CASTING YARD showing stressing and hauling equipment. January-February, 1963 3l STerra CountY Su pervisors Ex press Thanks SIERRA COUNTY STATE OF CALIFARNIA BAARD OF SUPERVISQRS DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS

RESOLUTION NO. 958 February 27, 1963 Board of Supervisors WHEREAS, Sierra County has recently suffered the most severe flood and storm Sierra County damage to its roads and bridges in many years; and Downieville, California WHEREAS, Traffic over State Sign Route 49 leading south and west from Downie- GENTLEMEN: Your resolution of Feb- ville, the county seat, was completely halted for some time due 4o the foss of the ruary 18, 1962, regarding the reopening bridge at Indian Valley aver the North Fork of the Yuba River; and of Highway 49 in Sierra County following the recent record storm is certainly ap- WHEREAS, Traffic over the same Siate Sign Route 49 leading north and. east from preciated. county said seat was also halted, due to road damage between Downieville and I do feel that an outstanding job was Sierra City; and done in the emergency restoration by Di- WHEREAS, State Sign Route d9 is the only main access into and out of said county vision of Highways personnel and the seat, and said area was therefore isolated from the outside during said period; and construction industry people involved. However, this could not have been ac- WHEREAS, The State Division of Highways, through Mr. J. C. Womack, State complished as speedily as it was without Highway Engineer, and Mr. Alan S. Hart of the Division III office in Marysville, and the full co-operation extended by local through their local representatives Mr. John L. Snider, maintenance superintendent, officials and residents. and Mr. Donald A. Kipp, highway foreman, all combined to go out of their way to The self-reliance of the people of the an extent this board feels was "far and beyoncJ their ordinary duties" in seeing that area and their recognition of the magni- said bridge was reconstructed, and said highway damage repaired, in a remarkably tulle of the task was most helpful in the short period of time, thus assuring prompt resumption of transportation to said stricken disruptive situation. area; and From a personal inspection on Feb- WHEREAS, The McNamara Construction Company, Ltd., Bayshore Highway, Burlin- ruary 17 I know that we face a major game, California, currently engaged in private road construction in the Sierra County pnd urgent job of permanent restoration. area, made available its equipment and manpower on an all-out day-and-night basis The division staff is now engaged in the to assist in reopening said highway between Downieville and Sierra City. planning necessary to fully restore two- lane operation, with appropriate protec- Now therefore be it hereby resolved: That this board does publicly thank each and tion against future floods. all of the above-named departments and individuals for their generous emergency co-operation and assistance, and the clerk is hereby directed• to notify Governor Sincerely, of Edmund G. Brown of said facts, by transmitting to his office a certified copy the ~. C. WOMACK within Resolution, and to also mail forthwith additional certified copies to the following: State Highway Engineer 1. Mr. J. C. Womack, State Highway Engineer Sacramento, California 2. Mr. Alan S. Hart, District Engineer Marysville, ~a~~fo.~~a Cut Cable Closes 3. Mr. John L. Snider, Maintenance Superinfendent Nevada Ciiy, CalifornPa Rio Vista Bridge 4. Ivlr. Donald A. Kipp, Highway Foreman Downieville, California Dredging operations in the Sacra- 5. McNamara Construction Company, std. mento River at the Rio Vista Bridge Bayshore Highway Burlingame, California cut the underwater power cable for the bridge's lift span the, night of De- The foregoing resolution was duly passed and adopted at a regular meeting of on State Sign the Board of Supervisors of Sierra County, California, held on the 18th day of cember 18. Traffic February, 1963. Route 12 which traverses the bridge was diverted to the Steamboat Slough ATTEST: and Cache Slough ferries until the FLORENCE B. McCORMICK morning of December 21 when tem- Clerk of said Board porary repairs were made. Consider- until the DON G. PATTON able traffic delay continued Chairman, Board of Supervisors, drawbridge resumed normal opera- Sierra County, California tions the afternoon of December 24.

32 California Highways and Public Works • e ierrd dins Washed Out Bridges And—

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Below. Bridge over Spanish Creek on U.S. Highway 40 Alternate, just north of Quincy, Plumas County, where stream undercut pilings sunk 10 feet below the streambed. Temporary repairs have been made; two spans will 6e replaced in spring.

Abutment of bridge of Riverton on U.S. 50 which "almost went" Af Sulphur Creek on S.S.R. 89, center right, stream not only tore out fill at abutment, bul also undercut abutment.

January-February, 1963 Undercuts and Slipouts;

Routes through canyons in both the Coast Range and the Sierra suffered severe damage when rampant waters cut away adjacent highways. Above is State Sign Route 128 after it ,was torn up by normally small and peaceful Conn Creek near St. Helena in Napa County. Below is a single sample of the effect of widespread under- cutting on State Sign Route 49 along the middle fork of the Yuba in the Downieville vicinity. Above: Slipout on eastbound lanes, U.S. 40/Interstate 80 at Whitmore Maintenance Station, ~f about 5,000 feet attitude. Blue Canyon, a few miles east, recorded 16 inches of rain in 3 days. Below: Waters of Yuba River south fork near Cisco here partly receded after having savagely torn out several hundred yards of paving, subpaving, and fill on U.S. 40. ~«

k~. Slides, Mud, Debris, and Plugged Drains.

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Waterborne debris plugged drains and cluttered road surfaces; saturated cut slopes slumped to the paving to keep weary maintenance crews working on a round-the- clock operation. In a few days most routes were open on a "subject to delay" basis; within two weeks traffic generally was normal.

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interchange interchange area. the the in in transplanted transplanted been been have have trees trees

Palm

background. background. fhe fhe in in

River River Ana Ana

Santa Santa and and the the

the the foreground foreground in in Freeway Freeway Riverside Riverside -south -south 60 60 north fhe fhe with with alignment alignment U.S. U.S. of of new new the the along along west west Looking Looking

contracts. the final final at at the the constructed constructed two two was was separation separation 1954, 1954, pri- leaf leaf July July in in Commission Commission way way

c~over- full full under placed placed A A River. River. Ana Ana borrow borrow were were Santa Santa ported ported the the California California High- the the by by early early adopted adopted

spans 1,054 1,054 long long feet feet bridge bridge concrete concrete im- was of of tons tons freeway freeway this this 793,000 793,000 for for additional additional An An route route The The

reinforced A A Avenue. Avenue. Chicago Chicago at at road road way. of of relocation. the the embankments embankments the the in in

Rail- Pacific Pacific

Southern Southern

the the

and and

Street, Street, high- The The as as served served which which previously previously placed were were Riverside Riverside in in 60 60 U.S. U.S. of of

at at Down Railroad Railroad Fe Fe &Santa &Santa Topeka Topeka

-west -west

streets

principal principal

east city's city's the the route the the on on existing existing

structures structures

ration ration

Atchison, the the Sunnyslope, Sunnyslope, at at Railroad Railroad of two two on on congestion congestion reduces reduces traffic traffic

sepa-

of of

railway railway construction construction terim terim

Pacific Union Union the the

over over

roadway roadway the the greatly Orange Orange Street Street and and Sunnyslope Sunnyslope

in- from from tons tons

excavation excavation of of 116,000 116,000

structures structures carry overhead overhead

Three Three base. base.

between miles miles length, length, in in 5.6 5.6 tion, tion,

Freeway Freeway and Riverside Riverside -south -south

north

treated - over over cement concrete concrete cement cement sec-

second second

the the of of

limits. limits. Completion Completion

the of of

construction construction from from

excavation excavation

portland of of are are lanes lanes traffic traffic through through east east the the city of of California California at at versity versity

excess

tons tons

1959, 1959, of of 412,000 412,000

prism. prism. In In The when when necessary. necessary. median median foot foot the the 60 60 near near Uni- Highway Highway of of section section

roadway the the in in placed placed was was a a River River six six with with to to 22- lanes lanes widening widening for for four -lane existing existing the the to to southeasterly southeasterly

has has acquired land land been been Ana the the of of Sufficient Sufficient Santa Santa widening widening dian. dian. channel channel extended and and Riverside Riverside in in Street Street

a a me- with with -foot -foot 46 highway highway divided divided excess excess of of material material from tons tons at at Orange stated stated 325,000 325,000 -mile -mile section section %Z %Z 2 2

is is a a -lane four freeway freeway new new The The 1963. 1963. The The first 1957, In In final final the the contracts. contracts. to to prior prior

pleted pleted in in January, Acquired Land Land Enough Enough from from adjacent adjacent projects material material excess excess

unit unit

was was com- final final were were relocation relocation with constructed constructed the the

sell. to to desired desired owner owner and the the and and second second

the the for Portions Portions of of embankments embankments

a a property whenever whenever freeway freeway the the 1961, in in completed completed

streets. for necessary necessary purchase purchase property property to to was of of Riverside Riverside

city for for traffic traffic local local on on cross cross provided provided VIII VIII was was able district district the the that that so so advanced advanced the the City skirting skirting

two two are structures structures

the the 12 12 projects, projects, was was sufficiently

project project this this for for ing ing 60 U.S. U.S. Highway Highway

DISTRICT' DISTRICT'

U.S. U.S. Spaced Spaced Highway Highway throughout 91. 91. engineer- the the that that note note to to interesting interesting the the of relocation relocation

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Engineer Resident Resident SMITH, SMITH, TAYLOR TAYLOR By By

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Section 5%s Riverside Riverside -mile -mile • • •

New Over Over Traffic Traffic Flows Flows "k'. the U.S. Highway 60/395 Interchange with the Main Street and Orange Sfreei Overcrossings of the extreme left and fhe Down Street Overhead at }he right. Many of the transplanted palm trees are visible in the contour•graded areas.

Conventional Equipment a new structure in 1958. Th.e work received from the Riverside County Conventional paving equipment was performed by the Division of Flood Control and Water Conserva- placing 12-foot lanes with steel head- Highways acting as agent for the Riv- tion District after construction had ers was used to place the concrete erside Flood Control District, con- started on the project between Sunny- pavement on the completed unit be- current with Santa Ana River control slope and Orange Street. tween Orange Street and the uni- work by the U.S. Army Engineers. Although the project plarls pro- versity. In 1959, three underpasses and two vided for construction of an 8-foot x Lewis slip-form paving equipment railway separations were constructed 5-foot reinforced concrete box culvert was used for placing both cement- on Eighth Street east of the Riverside to carry upstream drainage across the treated sutigrade and concrete pave- Freeway. All of the city streets serv- right-of-way without altering the ment on the second unit. The con- ing as the highway were resurfaced existing drainage pattern, winter rains crete pavement was placed in two- prior to relinquishment. during the past season caused a great lane widths. A recent addition to the deal of apprehension among property paving machine was a mechanism for travel Time Savings owners downstream from the right- placing a continuous polyethylene The 7.8-mile relocation does not of-way. plastic paper in lieu of sawing the provide a savings in distance for Riverside Count}~ officials, recogniz- longitudinal joint between traffic through east-west traffic, but does ef- ing that remedial action was necessary-, lanes. Excellent results were obtained fect a 10-minute savings in travel time faced the problem of either construct- with the device which was occasion- by eliminating 15 traffic signals. It is ing a drainage system to take the ally referred to as the "outboard estimated that the annual savings in water underground from the outlet rr~otor which pushes the paving ma- time alone for through traffic will ex- of the culvert southerly through the chine. ceed $350,000. suburb of Rubidoux to the Santa Ana The existing highway, relinquished An unusual request to modify the River or having the Division of High- to the city following completion of planned drainage system west of ways modify its planned drainage sys- the relocation, has been improved by Bloomington Boulevard, so as to inter- tem so as to divert th,e water to the other interim projects in recent years. cept and divert a portion of upstream Santa Ana River within the State's The old Mission Bridge across the drainage and dispose of it through a right-of-way. Inasmuch as the latter Santa Ana River, was replaced with modified median storm drain, was would eliminate costly utility reloca-

38 California Highways and Public Works '.ka tions, would not disrupt local traffic, ' ,..''~ it. _. .. ~~h ~ r and would be less expensive, the e ~..,s .-, - ~ ~_.. _ ~.~e county flood control district requested - ~ ~-~-,°x ,~, that the Division of Highways modify ~ a its planned drainage system by enlarg- ,'. ~a ing and extending the original design so as to intercept up to 85 cubic feet per second of storm runoff at the inlet of the planned culvert crossing the right-of-way.

County Does Design Work Through the co-operation of county and state officials, agreement was reached whereby the county performed th,e necessary design work and bore the increased cost of the system. The work was performed by the contractor, the Winston-Green Company, concurrently with his other operations. County officials estimated that a savings of $50,000 to the county was realized by eliminating the need for the underground system downstream the The mechanism mounied on the slip-form concrete paving equipmenf places a continuous polyethylene from right-of-way. plastic paper joint between traffic lanes. Although the section of roadway between Orange Street and the university was officially opened to public provided to illuminate incomplete sign BPR Announces New traffic on October 25, 1961, with structures. The westbound traffic lanes appropriate ribbon-cutting ceremonies between the university and the separa- U.S. Road Tota Is were attended by state and local dignitaries, tion at the Riverside Freeway Roads and streets in the United westbound traffic had a preview of the opened at 3 p.m. and closed at 7 p.m. States, under the jurisdiction of all new freeway two weeks earlier. The on October 16. Although an estimated levels of government, totaled nearly International Raceway, located east 20,000 vehicles used the westbound 3.6 million miles in 1961. of the City of Riverside, conducts the lanes in the four-hour period, only The data, compiled by the U,S. Bu- Grand Prize Sportscar Race each Oc- one minor rear-end collision occurred reau of Public Roads from informa- tober. The race annually attracts an and no damage was inflicted on the tion supplied by the states, show that estimated 75,000 racing enthusiasts, highway facilities. In previous years, rural roads comprise slightly over 3.1 whose exodus in 20,000 vehicles fol- with traffic on the old highway, the million miles of the United States to- lowing the race has in the past caused Riverside Police Department required tal; municipal roads 446,000 miles. monster traffic snarls. 24 officers to direct and control traffic; Some 985,000 miles of all roads and In an attempt to alleviate the traffic while with traffic on the freeway, streets in the United States are unsur- congestion following the race, River- only 7 officers were required. All faced. Of the surfaced mileage, 1.3 side officials and the California High- agencies concerned in the temporary million miles are soil-surfaced or nave way Patrol petitioned the contractor opening of the roadway received surfaces of gravel, crushed stone, or and the Division of Highways to open many favorable comments. slag. Nearly 1.3 million miles have sur- the westbound lanes of the freeway The E. L. Yeager Company, E. L. faces ranging from bituminous surface following the race to permit Los An- Yeager Construction Company, Incor- treatment to bituminous and portland g~eles-bound traffic to reach the north- porated, and J. B. Stringfellow were cement concrete. south Riverside Freeway without using the contractors on the completed The road and street systems in the the existing highway through the city. $3,875,000 unit, with Resident Engi- United States have grown but little Although all surfacing had been com- neer Taylor Smith representing the in extent, proportionately, in recent pleted on the westbound lanes, work State. years. The nation's needs lie generally on illuminated signs, roadside signs, The contractor on the $4,860,000 not in more mileage but in improve- guardrail, guideposts, etc., was still in unit recently completed is the Win- ment or replacement of existing high- progress. ston Brothers Company and Green ways. As one indication of improve- Through, the excellent co-operation Construction Company, with K. B. ment progress, the mileage of unsur- of the contractor and city and state Stone, Resident Engineer for the State. faced roads and streets has been de- forces, temporary direction signing D. B. Jennings acted as Bridge Depart- clining at an average rate of 3 percent was erected and mobile generators ment representative on both contracts. during recent years.

January-February, 1963 39 ♦ 13-mile Section on U.S. 99 (/~ ~ u d re Converted to Fvil Freeway

By K. P. OLIPHANT, Assistant Highway Engineer Freeway conversion of 13 miles of DISTRICT T U.S. 99 in Tulare V1 County between ~.:~- Pixley and Tulare a Airport was com- ~ w~ pleted in Novem- ber. °~ ~ .~; This project, be- ~` v~ ~' ginning in May r~` ~. `~` 1961, involved the construction of five interchanges, reconstruction of one mile of the east and west lanes near Quail and reconstruction of the west lanes from Tipton to the Tulare Air- port. The construction cost was $3,- 400;000. Griffith Company was the contractor. One of the most critical phases of this project was the construction, signing, and striping of detours to route motorists safely through the area. Detouring high-speed traffic on any road is a serious problem. Traffic on U.S. 99 through this part of the southern San Joaquin Valley is not only high speed, it is also relatively high in volume, averaging 14,000 cars upper part of photo. BELOW. This photo shows oversize signs cautioning motorists of "detour ahead. per day. In order to provide for maximum possible safety for the traveling public, a great deal of planning, many new ideas, and strict traffic controls were incorporated into the detours.

Some 4-lane Detours Plans called for two-lane detours of a four-mile section between the Tule River and the Tulare Airport, and for four-lane detours from Tipton to the Tule River and a section near Quail. The two-lane detour was, of course, the- most critical from traffic safety standpoint. Accordingly, the construction time schedule for this section was under very strict control, specifying only 82 working days for the completion of the west lanes, to be constructed in two separate parts. The first part was to be completed and opened to traffic prior to starting work on the second part. The contractor's forces performed very efficiently during this phase, completing the west lanes in only 71 working days. With the knowledge that the mo- This photo shows temporary "no passing" pad down the center of the roadway. torist had driven many miles of full freeways, both north and south, of this project without the necessity for changing speed or making abrupt changes inalignment, we were con- fronted with the problem of providing the traveling public with the maximum advance information that the situation ahead was going to be different. Therefore, a number of oversize signs were installed. Many of these were made on plywood and were four feet by eight feet, and six feet by eight feet in size. Some of these warn- ing signs were supplemented with flashing lights to further call attention of the approaching change.

Asphalt Blanket Plaeed In the past, considerable difficulty had been encountered at the beginning of detours were traffic was forced to leave the concrete lanes and turn onto a blacktop detour. In order to reduce this problem to a minimum and to provide the motorist with the most adequate and visible turnoff to the detours, an asphalt concrete blanket was placed over the concrete pavement from the point where the detour centerline first deviated from the existing concrete pavement centerline. Channelised irntersection delineal'ion on asphalt concrefe overfoy. January-February, 1963 41 U.S.. 99 freeway looking north to intersection of Sign Route 790.

Additional delineation of the detour tions was developed by widening one valuable. Since not only did it inalce turnoffs was provided for by the in- of the shoulders to provide sufficient the "no passing" stripe more visible, it stallation of six-inch asphalt concrete width for left turn storage lanes. This also served as a deterrent to crossing dikes, with alternate sections painted was accomplished by overlaying the the centerline. Very little violation of white, along the outside edges of the concrete pavement and painting the the "no passing" stripe was observed detour curves. The turnoffs were fur- islands. on the detours on this project. ther delineated by placing guide posts The project plans provided that no The contractor and the California in paint buckets, behind the dikes. passing was to be permitted on any Highway Patrol contributed nnich to On the second-phase detours, paint section of two-lane detour. An inno- the effective operation of these de- buckets with reflective tape on the vation used on this project, which tours. California Highway Patrolmen buckets were found to be more ef~ec- worked extremely well, was a one- who drove the detours under all con- tive than guideposts. inch by two-foot asphalt concrete pad ditions were especially helpful ~vitl~ placed down the centerline of the east suggestions for improving their efFi- Less Confusion lanes for the primary purpose of ciency and safety. The detours were It was found that the above-de- painting a temporary "no passing" also driven regularly at night by some scribed turnoffs worked more effi- stripe. Next to increased traffic safety, of the State's engineering personnel. ciently .and ~~ith far less confusion to one justification for the installation of inspections frequently resulted the traveling public than turnoffs These this pad was to decrease the cost of where no overlay was used and where in minor revisions to improve the de- and speed up the operation of stripe the turnoff was delineated by using tours. removal when it was no longer needed. large yellow barricades, refleetorized We believe the innovations used in arrows and nine-unit reflectors. Stripe More Vi;ible the design of these detours contrib- The county road intersections were Observation of traffic and inspection uted significantly to the safe travel of included in the phase Itwo-way de- of the detours under all conditions in- motorists through the construction tour. Channelization at these intersec- dicated that the pad was extremely project.

42 California Highways and Public Works HILL, DEFFEBACH, WEBB ARE NAMED TO NEW POSTS TWENTY-FIVE-YEAR LIST Appointment of George A. Hill as Hill, whom Deffebach is succeeding The following employees received traffic engineer for the Division of as district engineer-planning, has held 25-year awards since the September- Highways and promotion of Richard that post since January 1960. He is a October issixe of the magazine. E. Deffebach to succeed Hill as dis- native of Oakland, and received his trict engineer—planning, for the Los civil engineering degree from the Uni- Headquarters Office Angeles district has been announced versity of California at Berkeley in Clyde I. Basler by State Highway Engineer J. C. 1937. He joined the Division of High- William B. Carter Womack. ~~ays the same year and served most "Joe" Palmer Hill succeeds of the next nine years in District VI Stephen S. Pavitt George M. Webb (Fresno), except for World War IT as head of the divi- military duty with the Army Engi- Bridge Department sion's traffic depart- neers in Alaska and_ the Pacific. Edward M. Derby ment. _~ Materials and Research Webb, a 34-year ~ `~ ~° Studied at Yale employee of the ~`~~` In 1946 Hill went to Yale Univer- Department Division of High- "`~ sity fora 'year's graduate study in Jessie E. Early ways, has been as- ti~ traffic engineering. On his return he Gifford V. Stafford signed to the newly 4~ was assigned to District IV (San established position GEORGE HILL Francisco), and served there until Headquarters Shop of traffic engineer — special studies, 1953 in construction, traffic analysis Leland Lane Wall functions. In 1953 he with responsibility for special research and planning Shop 6 projects in the field of trafFic as re- was assigned to the design department lated to route planning. in division headquarters in Sacramento Ida M. Noble Deffebach, the new district engi- and in 1955 became chief assistant State-owned Toll Bridges neer, will be responsible for route engineer of design. George P. Higgins studies, advance planning and pro- ~~ Webb was born grams and budgets for the state high- "' ~ ~ in Prineville, Ore- District II way system in District VIT, compris- #~ ;" ~~ gon, and was edu- Ellis C. Engle ing Los Angeles, Orange and Ventura ~.; Gated in that State. Robert A. Murry Counties. For the past four years he He went to work r~~_ Phyllis A. Pollard has been an assistant district engineer. '" ~~; for the Oregon District IV =~~z ~ ~ Highway Depart- Joined Division in 1936 ~` ment in 1919. In Will F. Bruning Deffebach was born and. raised in 1928 he came to George W.Lee Los Angeles and attended Los Angeles California and George L. Richardson City College. He worked for the Di- GEORGE WEBB ~,orked as an in- Gum Y. Wong vision of Highways between 1936 and strumentman on the location surveys District V 1938, and then worked in manufac- for the Feather River Highway. turing in Los Angeles. He returned to Frances Marjorie Fisher highway work in Southern California Varied Assignments Paul W.Freeborn in 1940, and served with the Seabees From 1929 to 1937 he was a resident District VI in World War II, in the Pacific Thea- engineer on construction projects in ter and at the training center at Pleas- the Redding 'district, then spent a year ~~Vinfred Earl Thomas anton. with the division's bridge department District VII In November 1945, Deffebach re- in Sacramento. From 1938 to 1942 to District VII as an Richard E. Deffebach turned assistant Webb held various assignments in the highway engineer on construction Eureka district, including that of dis- District VIII projects. He be- engineer. Dana A. Yates came design engi- trict traffic neer in 1953.and in From 1942 to 1953, except for 2 %Z District IX 1958 was promoted years as an officer in the Army Trans- Henry C. McAllister to assistant district portation Corps in World War II, Matias Perez engineer. Webb was an assistant traffic engineer District X Deffebach and and .assistant planning engineer at the his wife, Mildred, division's Sacramento headquarters. Glenn H. Barr have two daugh- He was promoted to traffic engineer M.F. Mason ters, Nancy and John J. Quinn DEFFEBACH in 1953. RICHARD Judy. Robert R. Westphal

January-February, 1963 43 Deck Roughening Carried Out i roo i n At Night to Minimize Delays

By R. D. KINSEY, Assistant District Engineer The deck of the Turlock and District VI at El Tejon, made as to the hours of minimum traf- El Cerrito Over- DISTRICT both on U.S. Highway 99. These in- fic load. It was determined that the head in the City of dicated that small grooves cut longi- only time it was possible to reduce tt~e ,, IV Albany on U.S. tudinally in the deck would materially number of trafric lanes on this struc- ~~ Highway 40 was increase any traction when the surface ture would be during the night be- recently serrated is wet. tween the hours of 8 p.m, and 6 a.m. in order to pro- Commission Allots Funds All work on the structure was per- vide increased sur- The California Highway Commis- formed between these hours com- face traction in sion allocated funds on June 26, 1962', mencing at 8 p.m. on Monday and wet weather. in the amount of $16,500, to provide completing at 6 a.m. on Saturday. The El Cerrito Overhead was orig- for 81,000 square feet of deck rough- inally constructed in 1936. This struc- ening. The roughening was performed Skid Resisfanee Increased ture is now carrying three lanes of by using a concrete bump cutter with Skid resistance tests made after com- northbound traffic as part of a six-lane -inch wide diamond faced saws pletion indicated that resistance had freeway. Due to very heavy traffic spaced 3r s inch apart and in a gang been increased with a minimum co- through this location, now in excess saw 24 inches in width. Cutting opera- efficient of friction of 0.26 and a maxi- of 37,000 vehicles per day, the bridge tions required twenty passes for the mum of 0.3 S, the average being ~ 0.3 2, deck had lost some of its surface re- entire width of the bridge, which is On this project. %8 -inch wide cutter sistance. 1,500 feet in length. blades were used, and a spacing of Previous experiments have been sat- Before work was started on this 3~ s inch apart was determined as the isfactorily carried out in District X at surface, extensive investigation was best for the desired results.

A closeup of the bridge deck after ~ section (right) had been cut to increase skid resistance.

4~ California Highways and Public Works Important features of the machine operation and speeds have not been evaluated here. Costs of this method will vary as a function of the speed of operation of the equipment. In this case higher costs than usual resulted because of the nighttime operation and heavy traffic conditions. On this project the total final costs were $13,800. This represents a cost of $0.16 per square foot. The results of the operation were very effective and indicate that the worn surface of concrete can be satisfactorily made more skid resistant in wet weather by this procedure.

Harry Mathewson

J. Harry Mathewson, Assistant Di- rector of the Institute of Traffic and Transportation Engineering at the University of California at Los Ange- les, died- on October 11, 1962. He played a leading role in the development of the institute's research activities, including the Los Angeles group's major contributions in the A closeup of the cutter used in the surface tufting operations. fields of automobile collision research and driving simulation. Mathewson aided in many co-operative studies with the State Division of Highways, one of the most recent being the bridge rail testing in conjunction with the bridge design of the San Francisco Skyway. Mathewson was born in Scotland in 1899: He was graduated with honors from the University of Michigan in 1931. From 1931 to 1942 he spent five years teaching at the University of Toledo and six years in private engineering. He obtained his M.S. degree in engineering in 1938. During World War II he served as safety consultant to the U.S. Air Forces for two years, then in the grade of lieutenant commander as assistant head of the Safety Branch, Navy Department, from 1944 to 1946. He joined the University of Cali- fornia at Los Angeles in 1946, holding the National Safety Council professor- ship in engineering. He participated in establishing the ITTE at Los An- geles, being appointed assistant direc- A photo of the train of equipment used showing the water supply truck in the background and the cutler tor in 1948. and light Bruck in the foreground. January-February, 1963 45 Professional Role of Distaf~ers d n i n eers In Highway Work Increasing

By LOUISE GOHDES, Assistant Information Officer California's Division of Highways degree in civil engineering from the In 1957 Marilyn became Mrs. Alvin employs women engineers ranging University of Minnesota, received her Reece, and is now the mother of four- from the associate level down to jun- appointment as junior civil engineer in year-old Kirsten—blonde, like her for civil engineer—and may soon have Los Angeles. And although now the mother. How does Mr. Reece react to women stepping up into the ranks of division has quite a number of women his wife's being an engineer? He's senior highway engineer. A capable in the profession (District VII—Los proud! And he himself is an engineer woman "mans" the position of per- Angeles, Ventura and Orange Coun- —with the Los Angeles County Flood sonnel officer for this agency of 16,000 ties—alone has eight associate and as- Control District. employees. And still other women sistant engineers of the fairer sex), hold responsible positions in various Marilyn has chalked up a few firsts. Designs Interchanges categories. She was the division's first woman to Back to Marilyn, and what she Far from being an innovation, this become associate highway engineer, does. She's recently gained distinction situation has existed since 1'948, when and she was the first woman squad through supervising the design of the Marilyn Jorgenson, with a brand new boss in charge of a design crew. three-level San Diego-Santa Monica Freeway Interchange, with new high- AssociaAe Highway Engineer Ann Hansen looks up from notes as she reviews a scale model of future speed ramps. Both the San Diego and District IV freeway project. Technical reports and research are a major part of her work in Traffic the Santa Monica are interstate system Engineering. freeways. Because speed standards for on- and ofd-ramp traffic flow were recently upgraded, Marilyn reworked angles of curve radii to accommodate speeds of 50-55 miles per hour. This was only one of many changes with which she had to deal as new specifications were developed. She says that the present design was finally approved 2 years— and 30 preliminary plans—after the project was originally assigned to her. Because plans had to be drawn around a school, a church, a sanitar- ium, and several large apartment buildings, the design presented additional challenges. Eight people worked with her on the .project. As now designed, the southbound San Diego to westbound Santa Monica link of the freeway marks it as the largest single span branch connection in the state's highway system. Since acceptance, her plan has been used as a prototype of bigger and better interchanges to come. Lifetime Work Marilyn finds the work so interesting that she expects to stay at it "for the rest of her working days." She finds it extremely satisfying to see the fruits of her labors take form in steel and concrete. And her efforts are now bent toward advancing to senior high- ~.. way engineer. She feels that women

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w ~ ~.,.,.,m. ,Ra t . _ _ , ~._ _~ ~, 4 - s~ .. x _ _ .. _ .~ . ~ Associate Highway Engineer Marilyn Reece, wh.o supervised design of 3-level San Diego-Santa Monica Freeway Interchange in Los Angeles, has on-site discussion with Assistant Resident Engineer Thomas McKinley. have a definite advantage in the field Her desire to become an engineer one segment) of the San Diego Free- of engineering, and, says she, "if had already formed in high school, be- way. This is a 4.8-mile section near there's any prejudice toward women, cause of her liking for math, physics, the San Gabriel River which will in- I've not encountered it. Men have and the sciences. Following her course corporate several important inter- always been very helpful; and being at Purdue University, she graduated changes. The biggest thing she's been a woman has never hampered me in of study at Purdue University, she involved in is the interchange of the graduated in 1952, with the degree of San Gabriel, Garden Grove, and San my career." B.S.C.E. About half way through her Diego Freeways—a really big inter- Then there's Carol- Schumaker, slen- senior year she married Bernard Schu- change near the Los Angeles-Orange der, brunette, and 32 years old. She, maker—also a Purdue graduate, and county line. Although only two levels, too, is an associate highway engineer; also an engineer. it has many complicated connections. has been with the division for eight Husband a Teacher Outsiders who make appointments years, and is eligible for appointment Bernard has recently taken leave of with an engineer by the name of Schu- position of senior to the highway en- active engineering to become a high maker invariably do a "double take" gineer by virtue of having passed the school math teacher at Garden Grove. when they find themselves face to face required civil service examination. Via But Carol remains in highway work. with a S-foot-2 miss who weighs night classes, she's working on her At the present time her main project scarcely more than 100 pounds. master of science degree which she is working out plans for another seg- The Schumakers take son Paul (age expects to receive by June of 1964. ment (she's just completed work on 9) on carefully planned vacation trips

January-February, 1963 4~ Utah. Following experience in planning and design, Ann spent 3 %2 years on two important construction projects: the Waldo approach to the Golden Gate Bridge, and the Marin approach to the San Rafael-Richmond Bridge. In addition to inspecting all fencing and curb work, electrical items and all utility relocation and in- F stallation, she co-ordinated work ~~a~ among the various utility companies, ~~ subcontractors, and prime contractor. ~. ~.:: ~. r Skiing, Cooking, Dogs `' Ann's outside interests reach in _. many directions, among them skiing, .:.~_ ~ ~~ swimming, cooking, interior decorat- ing ...and dog training! She regu- ;~ larly gives much time to work at San Rafael General Hospital. Ann has also done a good bit of modeling—now shelved, as she prefers to concentrate her energies on her job. In connection with her interests she served as president of the Marin chapter oP the National Society of Professional Engi- neers; and she's just applied for' mem= bership in the Society of Women Engineers—also a national organiza- tion. Also, she's applying for a higher Ke ,_ e. grade in the Institute of Traffic Engi- neers. Further demonstrating the effec- tiveness of women "in high places" is ._ Marian Smith, personnel officer for California's Division of Highways. Having begun in highways personnel on a two-week emergency basis after her graduation from Stanford in 1941,. she stayed for about a year and a half, Moting District VIPs freeway progress, Associate Highway Engineer Carol Schumaker indicates one of the project locations in Los Angeles County. Design is Carol's present assignment, following several years at which time she felt her country's each in Advance Planning and Drainage Departments. call to duty. For four years she served in the WAVES, attaining the rank of each year. Last year, of course, it was doing most in multilane highways—all lieutenant. Returning to civilian status, the Seattle World's Fair. toll—and mainly around Milano, which. she again found her niche in _the per- has become quite an industrial center. sonnel department, as personnel ana- 12 Female Assistant Engineers While in London, Ann visited the lyst. In 1955 she became personnel of- There are still other lady engineers Road Research Laboratory, which is ficer, and as such she supervises the in District VII. Six hold the rating of part of Britain's Department of Scien- personnel program for the division's assistant highway engineer, only one tific and Industrial Research. With 16,000 employees in 348 different clas- civil service class below Marilyn and their staff she discussed their studies sifications in 27 locations. Carol. Other districts, too, have covering many phases of accidents, women in this classification—making a traffic, and safety. Busy Job total of 12 women assistants through- Being in District IV's traffic depart- The duties of a personnel officer out the State. ment, Ann writes technical reports, sound overwhelming, and almost are In San Francisco, Ann Hansen has conducts research, and analyzes data. to the layman. Just a half-hour in recently returned from a leave of ab- She, too, has passed the exam for sen- Marian's office, punctuated with sencefor aEuropean tour, to reoccupy ior highway engineer, having started phone calls, gives one an idea of what her post as associate highway engineer as junior civil engineer in 1951, just comes across her desk. People call in in District IV, She believes Italy to be after graduation from University of from everywhere: throughout the

48 California Highwa~rs and Public Works State, other state agencies, and Siim, Alerf, Friendly Department Awards throughout the building. There are Handling all of this, and still more, questions involving union labor. the slim, alert, and friendly Miss Smith Big U.S. 99 Contract There's the problem of a state-em- still finds time for outside activity. The State Department of Public ployed mother who would like to She's active as a Sunday School super- Works has awarded a $4,331,722 con- relocate for reasons of her children's intendent, and active also in the Amer- &Watson Con- health. There are deliberations on ican Association of University tract to Fredrickson sick-leave interpretation. On occasion, Women. During vacation she travels; struction Co., Oakland, for grading she is a "convenient shoulder to cry and has already been to the Orient, to and paving 6.8 miles of four-lane free- on," for both supervisors and em- Europe, and Central America. In 1951 way on U.S. 99 (Interstate 5) between ployees. Marian spent six months at Mexico 4:6 miles south and 1.5 miles north of A great deal of Marian's time goes City College, studying international Mount Shasta city limits, _ Siskiyou into analyzing positions, classifications, relations and Spanish. County. The freeway will be gener- and salaries, and keeping tab on the Of the staff of personnel analysts ally west of the city. Included in the "changing scene" to meet current per- who aid Marian in reviewing classifi- project is construction of overcross- sonnel needs. For example, she's cur- cations and salaries, and in similar du- ings at Azalea Road, South Mount rently involved with the reorganiza- ties, several are women. Women also Shasta, Ream Avenue, Lake Street, responsible classifi- tion of the division's accounting de- hold jobs in such Lassen Lane, and North Mount Shasta; cations as accounting -officers, profes- partment on a statewide basis, and a pioneer overhead taking the high- sional accountants, research statisti- thus dealing with both ad~~inistrators way over the Southern Pacific Rail- and employees as to duties, workflow, cians, delineators, and in other special- road tracks; and an interchange at the and similar matters. Last year a new ized division functions, as well as in junction of U.S. and State Sign series of classifications for maintenance clerical posts. All told, California's 99 men was established, clarifying job Division of Highways employs well Route 89. Other structural work has status, and also recognizing the chang- over 2,000 women, and offers great been under way.since October on a ing skill requirements in this field. A professional opportunity. separate contract. similar revision is in the offing for landscape workers. In 1961 a series of engineering technician classes was established.

MusT Predetermine Needs Marian must predetermine employment needs of all sections within the division, seeing that adequate eligibil- ity lists exist, and requesting civil service exams to be scheduled as required. To keep personnel activities running smoothly throughout the State, Marian visits each of the 11 districts and the toll bridge headquarters a p p r o x i- mately twice each year. She was 1961 chairman of the State Personnel Offi- cers Council, which comprises personnel officers of all state agencies and meets once each month to discuss various phases of the state personnel picture. Among Marian's many continuing responsibilities are performance ap- praisal programs, along with develop- . _. _,.~ ,,..r --..~.~-,.-,-- ~ ment of improved work standards and methods. There's many a discussion with employees regarding opportuni- ties to advance. All get genuine consideration from Marian whatever their problem: funny, trying, or challeng- Personnel Officer Marian Smith examines the latest Division of Highways staging pattern, with PersonneP Analysts Laura Cameron (left) and Joan Meckfessel. Charted statistics help Marian and her aides recom- ing. mend proportionate staffing in various districts.

January-February, 1963 49 Contractor's Crew and Division of Highways Men oSJ~ Work Together and Conserve Ancient Relics

Workers in the contractor's force and two members of the Division of Highways resident engineer staff were commended by University of Califor- nia scientists recently for their alert- ness when they preserved valuable fossils found in the bore of the new Caldecott Tunnel east of Oakland. Paleontologists from the University of California were called to the scene in a matter of hours, and expressed considerable gratitude over the find. Dr. Donald E. Savage, Curator of Higher Vertebrates in the Museum of Paleontology at the university, said, "The really interesting thing is that these workmen, without any special knowledge and working in semidark- ness, were able to recognize these fossils as something other than ordinary rocks." The tunnel, passing through the base of the Berkeley Hills, transects strata of geological ages from recent to as far back as Jurassic, but it was the Orinda formation in which the fossils were found. This is a stream floodplain deposit of early Pliocene age, about 10 to 12 million years old, laid down at a time just preceding the eruption of a few small volcanos in the Berkeley Hills area. One group of fossils, after being cleaned and fitted together by the university paleontologists, was tentatively identified as the tibia from the legbone of an extinct rhinoceros. This rhinoceros, called Aphelops, was more slen- der limbed and possibly fleeter of foot than its modern counterpart. Although extinct for about 4 million years, it was fairly common in t~1e vicinity at that time, but there was no "Bay area" as we know it today. The Berke- ley Hills probably were only low islands or anorthward-projecting- pe- ninsula in a shallow sea extending toward the base of the Sierra Nevada. Found in company with the Aphe- lops fossils were two sections of jaw- ne and teem, in order ro snow size or piece. bone from a primitive member of the

50 California Highways and Public Works Hip~ayion group, an early species of t the three-toed horse. This find was termed "tremendously FM1 important .. . from the scientific viewpoint" by Dr. Savage, as it fortified other fragmen- tary evidence of a hitherto unknown species in the development of the horse. A later species of Hipparion, somewhat heavier than, but about the size of a mule deer, is known to have t y.~. ~, once been present in California in ;~ ~`~ great numbers. The fossils will eventually become the permanent property of the Uni- Since `' ~ versity of California. the find was made on the preliminary bore of the new tunnel, there is hope that more fossils will be found at the same ~~~ '~ a ~ ,,t- point when the tunnel is increased to its full size. Since new construction of bridges, ...,, k ~, .~ ~. ~~ tunnels, and highways quite often turns up materials of paleontological - ~------d.~r or anthropological value, such discov- i~ ~ eries are not new to Division of High- ~vays and contractors' personnel. All '` resident engineers are instructed as to procedure in such cases, and when- J ~ ever possible ~vorlc is held up until Above: John S. Maeatas, employee of Connolly Pacific, one of joint venture firms doing tunnel job, shows scientists can get to the scene. place fossils were found. Division of Highways employees Charles Yakabe, junior civil engineer, and Paul Carnahan, engineering aide, assisted in find. Close liaison is also maintained with Division of Beaches and Parks special- Below: Pieces of leg bone of long extinct rhinoceros, Aphelops, after being joined together by University of California paleontologists. ists, who often advise or take over conservation of sites. Under a joint agreement with this agency, the Divi- sion of Highways contributes an average of $15,000 each year for excavation and salvage at these sites.

Below: Two small pieces of Hipparion jawbone, not exceeding three inches in length, support identification of new species.

January-February, 1963

~~ ~ ~ ~ w,;~ ;~„ ;~:~- ,:~.~ _ 'I I `` /~ ~~ ~~ I I ('+ Information Displays ~/ V J Draw More Viewers

By BARRY COHaN, Assistant Information Officer

Visual informa- DISTRICT tion exhibits, long used to good ad- VII vantage in connec- tionwith local free- wayroute hearings, are now finding increasing acceptance as general public information. These exhibits, designed to promote understanding of the highway program and safety on the road, reached an estimated 200,000 people in the Los Angeles area during October and No- vember 1962.

Largest Exhibit District VII placed its largest public exhibit to date on two floors of the Los Angeles Public Library, from September 27 to November 13. Some 140,000 library visitors saw this ex- This exhibit was set up on the second-floor lobby of the Division of Highways district headquarters building at 120 Sputh Spring Street in Los Angeles. hibit, which covered various aspects t of the California highway program, its history, procedures, and scope (ac- centing Southern California), in maps, charts, and photographs especially assembled in a display designed to fit the library's scattered exhibit areas.

Literature Distributed An estimated 18,000 pieces of literature were distributed at the library during the six weeks of the exhibit. A delegation from Taft (Kern County), visited the Highways exhibit at the Los Angeles Home Show last July, which featured the scale model of the Santa Monica-San Diego Free- way interchange. The Taft people requested asimilar exhibit for their own home show in October.

Scale Model Included Accordingly, by co-operation between District VII and District VI, Fresno, the exhibit was assembled to include the same scale model, since An exhibit on the Los Angeles Regional Transportation Survey was set up for the American Institute of many citizens of Taft use the Los Planners at the Stotler Hilton Hotel in Los Angelei.

52 California Highways and Public Works The exhibit in the second-floor rotunda of the Los Angeles Public Library. The model in the case in the foreground is of the Easf Los Angeles Interchange.

Angeles freeways weekly, plus a pho- Thw District VII information pared charts, maps and photographs, tographic display of highway activi- section also exhibited October 11 was reassembled and is now installed ties in District VI, and general infor- through 14, at the Los Angeles Mobile on the second floor of th,e Highways mation literature. At the close of the Home and Trailer Show, which at- Building in the right-of-way section Taft Home Show, District VI dis- tracted an estimated 40,000 people. lobby. played the exhibit at its home office. This exhibit, featuring specially pre- Special Exhibit The American Institute of Plan- ners convention at the Statler Hilton Hotel was the setting for a special exhibit demonstrating the work of the division's advance planning section in connection with the Los Angeles regional transportation study. Approx- imately 1,500 people visited this display. Dick Withers of advance planning designed Phis exthibit and attended it throughout the convention, October 15-17.

Public Response Public response indicates that even casual visitors to these exhibits find quick answers to their questions about the highway program, expressed in graphic form there and supplemented This exhibit, also at fhe Los Angeles Public Library, is in the second-floor elevator area. The wall cases hold photo blowups of highway construction in Soutf~ern California. by take-home reading matter.

January-February, 1963 53

Works Public Public

and and Highways Highways California California 54 54

60 m m

Adopted ~ ~ < <

Previously ~ ~

~` RD RD DIMA DIMA YON YON SAN SAN CA CA 4~ 4~ ~ ~ y y

AdOp1Ed AdOp1Ed

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4 4

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SAND SAND ~ ~

S S

~N~ ~N~ DIM DIM

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ HOSPt7AL HOSPt7AL

~ SAN SAN TATE TATE PACfFIC PACfFIC j j

AO AO

A~MAS A~MAS a

COLLEGE COLLEGE

SAN SAN

O O j j

ADOPTED ADOPTED

a a ~ ~ , , op>ed

A A

70s 70s ROUTE ROUTE ~ ~ '~ /y /y evious P P FREEWAY FREEWAY

6p 6p

N N CWNIC CWNIC Z Z 0 0 \ \ ~~ ~~

m o o = = > > ~tx~~ri ~tx~~ri

~ ~

vOPRHis~ vOPRHis~

3 3

~az ~az ~.~ ~.~ \ \ gp gp q q R R

J ~ ~ ~ ~ CO4LEGE~ CO4LEGE~ m m \\ \\ \~ \~ ~ ~ G,o G,o

POLYT~CHNIC~ POLYT~CHNIC~

Z Z STATE STATE \`~ \`~

3 ~ ~ STATES STATES

r m m N N i i ~ ~ z° z°

o ~ ~

Ber- San San route route between between the the U.S. U.S. for for Irwindale Irwindale 50. the the and and and and adopted adopted area. Williams Williams the the in in 20 20 Route Route

Park Baldwin Baldwin of of Cities Cities the the and and county county Sign of of miles miles -3.8 -3.8 Colusa Colusa County Tallac Tallac 89 89 between between Creek Route Route Sign Sign

the in in Freeway Freeway River River Gabriel Gabriel San San the the

adoptions:

-5.8 -5.8 miles miles of Couryaty Dorado Dorado

El El

route freeway freeway of miles miles December December -5.4 -5.4 and and ber ber County Aryzgeles Aryzgeles Los Los

Airport. hoe hoe Novem- October, October,

The The September, September,

Glendora. and and Dimas Dimas San San

boundary. Park Park I'osemite I'osemite National National Ta- Lake Lake of of extension extension

accommodate accommodate

Pomona, of of

Cities Cities

the the

and and

county county

the

to to

County County Tuolumne Tuolumne in in 120 120

Route Route

to routing routing previous previous

revising revising S0, S0, U.S. U.S.

the in in Freeway Freeway 240/272 240/272 Route Route the the

Sign

mile mile bring bring

0.3 0.3 to to

shortest shortest the the

of -8J -8J miles miles County Angeles Angeles Los Los miles miles of -4.6 -4.6 Coza~aty Dorado Dorado El El

Counties Counties and Glenn Glenn Colusa Colusa and and Yolo, Yolo,

99W 99W in U.S. U.S. 39.7 39.7 miles miles of of for for was was

adoption route route freeway freeway longest longest The The

`~ VALLEY VALLEY

tions.

TAHOE TAHOE a~ ~ ~ \o \o

m ~ ~ 17 17 adop- other other the the hearings hearings in in sion sion

commis- waived waived counties counties affected affected and and

ROUT. o~~4ew o~~4ew srgrf srgrf

Cities Irwindale. Irwindale. and and Park Park Baldwin Baldwin

Cities Cities the the of and and Angeles Angeles County County Los Los

Freeway Freeway in

River River San San the the Gabriel Gabriel of of \~ ~ ~/ ~/ ✓ ✓

KEYS

m / /

miles TAHOE 5.8 5.8 for for and and Ventura Ventura County County in in

TAHOE LAKE LAKE

23 23 Road) Route Route (Moorpark (Moorpark Sign Sign of of

O \ \

6.9 6.9 miles for for of of County, County, area area Marin Marin

ADOPTED

ROUTE FREEWAY FREEWAY the the in in Novato 101 101 miles miles U.S. U.S. 2.6 2.6 of of

for routings routings are are These These commission. commission.

by by public public tt hearings hearings tions tions involved involved

route route adoF freeway freeway Three Three the the of of

highway.

s. s. /ows oI oI mi. mi. z z / wi miles miles S.S S.S of of

for for conventional ~ ~ routings routings o o

ADOPTED ADOPTED

~Q ~Q

exisiingU.S.99Wlo /8 Ca. Ca. to to Road Road

99W 99W of of

west west

ROUTE ROUTE ~ ~ FREEWAY FREEWAY

\~ \~

~ ~ also also adopted The The /y /y miles. miles. General

/ows

tol

commission commission

/y /ighl s lAen lAen /ine, /ine, Co. Co. /o /o Yo Jo Jo

US. US. Brisling Brisling 99W

/ows /ows /

to to State State 6,358.2 the the routes routes in in way way

R~ ~ ~ Wooe~o~a Wooe~o~a

free- of of adopted adopted mileage mileage brought brought the the

a a be be This freeway. freeway. to to highway highway

WILLIAM

9.3 9.3 miles miles existing of of another another clared clared

£XIST~NG

and and of of 154.3 154.3 de- freeway freeway of of miles miles tal tal

fora fora 20 20 to- routings routings mission mission adopted adopted

California California Highway Highway Com-

of of the the 1962 1962

four four last last monthly monthly meetings its its At At

•e.

ou ou

ore ore

6,358 Now Now Commission Commission By By

Adopted Mileage Mileage Freeway Freeway ORANGE COUNTY N AIRPORT \'~.9C Z '~9~y ~ / FREEWAY ROUTE ~~ ADOPTED G~ e u~40G/\~~

PROPOSED UNIVERSITY \ ~ J' ~, v vi ■ n'N E W P 0 R T OF CALIF. D 5Pe'~O U -- SITE /. Q~ ~T COST MES A ROAU ._.lPALISADES ~ i ~9~ 55 SaNTa aNA ORCHARD ~R m0 COUNTRY m ~~ t~ Previous/y Previous/y CLUB Adopted Adop/ed ~ MESA DR

nardino Freeway and the adopted route for the Foothill Freeway. Marie County-2.6 miles of U.S. 101 in the Novato area of Marie County. Mendocino County—S.1 miles of Sign Route 1 between Russian Gulch State Park and 1.6 miles north of Jug- handle Creek. Initial construction as modern two-lane highway. Moc~oc County-26.2 miles of Sign Route 139 between U.S. 299 near Canby and 1.5 miles south of Perez. Planned as initial two-lane expressway. Mono County-10 miles of U.S. 395 on the Sherwin Grade section PREY/OUSLY FREEWAY ROUTE eoP between the Inyo county line and J ~ ADOPTED. ADOPTED Whisky Canyon. Route mostly fol- N i /J 0 S.E lows the existing highway. San Mateo County-1.9 miles of State Highway Route 105 between Skyline, Boulevard at Cahill Ridge near the intersection of Half Moon Bay Road and the adopted route for the Junipero Serra Freeway in the vicinity of Ralston Avenue. Santa Barbara County—Freeway by- ro pass of Orcutt on State Highway v.niv.o ro ~ Mooipoik Route 2. Length 1.7 miles, running to MOOR PARK I 3 y w EX/ST/NG o i R~p~ the south of Orcutt. -- Q 2 9 C7 0 ~ m Santa y ~ o Barbara County-13.2 miles of LL RnNCHp ROggR,, o O P 2e Q 23 T ~ 99 `I~ Sign Route 1 oa oq ° ~ o" between two miles north tS F' ~ ~0~ of the Santa Ynez River and 1.4 miles A \`~ D ~-- 0 ~Q V 5 ~ Possio/s Reservoir m west of Orcutt. P j N RBS RO , ~ Sile a Santa Clara County-7.4 miles of s State Highway Route 5 in the San _~J O ,~~,~JPP FRE UTE Jose area between Sign Route 17 and ~P.oao:.`o J ~ ~~ ADOPTED Rsservoir~ Alum Rock Avenue. s;,.,- (Continued on page 56) ~~. a~,,.~.~To ~__0-~

January-February, 1963 55

56 56 Highways Highways California California Public Public and and Works

ties -1.2 -1.2 miles miles of of U.S. U.S. 101 101 between between a Willows, Willows, exaggerated. was was 14.6 14.6 greatly greatly miles.

Ventura Ventura and and Santa Santa Barbara Barbara Coun- Colusa Colusa Road Road of of Mark Mark south south his his report report death of and and the the Twain, Twain, miles miles two two

Costa. Costa. of of Newport Newport and and Beach Beach Mesa. Glenn Glenn in in line line Counties, Counties, of statement statement Maxwell- classic classic with with the the between between

Boulevard) Boulevard) the the in in and and Cities county county 20, 20, Mr. Mr. near near and that, and and Smith Smith well well Colusa Colusa is is and and Williams. Williams. alive alive In In

Route Route Highway Highway 184 184 (MacArthur the the The The Yolo Yolo that county county Route editor editor Sign Sign is is say say happy happy to to line line and and

-3.9 -3.9 County 6.3 6.3 Orange Orange miles miles of of State ment ment miles. miles. list list In In to to Colusa Colusa column. the the between obituary obituary County, County,

the the Yosemite Yosemite National National Park Park boundary. gan gan cutoff cutoff and and retire- from from associate, associate, engineering engineering the the line, county county Colusa Colusa

one one mile mile tween tween west west of of Carl Carl In In and Inn Inn Yolo Yolo County, County, Robert Robert Dunni- highway District District N. N. Smith, Smith, III III the the between between

Route Route 120 120 Oak Oak (Big (Big 39.7 39.7 be- Flat Flat Road) Road) miles miles of of U.S. U.S. transfer transfer name name 99W 99W 5). of (Interstate (Interstate and and the the magazine magazine

Tuolumne Tuolumne -0.3 -0.3 County Sign Colusa Colusa mile mile of of Yolo, Yolo, September copy copy the the a~2d a~2d - October October of of the Counties- Glenn Glenn

99 99 in in the the of of vicinity vicinity Weed. gain gain managed managed gremlins gremlins access access to to to

and and Tierra Tierra Rejada Rejada

Road.

Siskiyou Siskiyou miles miles County of of -3.2 -3.2 U.S. precautions, of of In In normal normal spite spite

Road) Road) between between the the Freeway Ventura Ventura

101 101 Bypass Bypass (Bayshore (Bayshore

Freeway). OOPS!

miles miles of of Sign Sign Route Route 23 23 (Moorpark

Jose Jose between between Coleman Coleman and and U.S. Street Street

Ventura Ventura County —

6.9

of of Relocation Relocation

Rte. Rte. (Guadalupe (Guadalupe 292 292 in in San Freeway) Freeway)

mile mile of of Santa Santa north north -2.7 -2.7 Clara Clara Sign Sign miles miles County Sign Route Route 150.

Santa Santa Barbara Barbara

(Confinued (Confinued

county county from from page page 56)

line line 0.2 and and

will will Eureka. maintain maintain home home in in their their

ROUTES

MORE MORE

quarter quarter

a a

mile mile

of of

east east of of the the Ventura- after after traveling traveling his his retirement. retirement. They

is is a a teacher, teacher, plan plan some some to to time spend spend

Bergroth Bergroth

and and his his wife, wife,

who Lorene, Lorene,

last last year) year) were were owner - occupied. occupied. The California California League League of of Senior Senior Citizens.

College College Polytechnic Polytechnic

of of Engineering.

in in use use residential residential and and (3,400 60 60 percent percent Inc.; Inc.; and and George George McLain, McLain, Chairman,

there there

and and

went went

on on

the to to study study at at

2. 2. Of Of parcels, parcels, those those 10,000 10,000 5,000 5,000 are ardt, ardt, of of President President Allies Allies Senior Senior

Clubs,

completed completed grade grade school and and

high high

ment ment Agency; Agency; Nlrs. Nlrs. Benjamin Benjamin Borch-

public public use. for for

in in San San Born Born Francisco, Francisco,

Bergroth

Los Los Angeles Angeles Community Community Redevelop-

property private private acquiring acquiring in in nually nually

1953.

of of Santa Santa Margaret Margaret Monica; Monica; Watkins,

an- $200 $200 spending spending million million parcels parcels and and

appointed appointed office office district district engineer engineer in

Joan Joan Flor, Flor, Redevelopment Redevelopment Agency

about about 10,000 State State is is buying buying The The 1. 1.

and and permit permit gineer gineer engineer. engineer. was

He He

subcommittee subcommittee were:

fied:

safety safety city city

engineer, engineer, operative operative

en- co-

Also Also testifying testifying before before the the V4~illiams

Building, Building, State State testi- New New 1138, 1138, Room Room

He He later later

served served

as as district district traffic traffic and

people." problems problems in relocation relocation on on hearing hearing

the the

district.

problems problems cation cation the the younger than than subcommittee's subcommittee's daylong at at the the witness witness

ing ing

projects projects

and and

chief chief

draftsman draftsman

for

of of better better job job care care of of taking taking his his first as as the the engineer, engineer, relo- appearing appearing ways ways

surveys, surveys,

resident resident

engineer engineer

of of

resurfac-

more more reliant reliant is is usually usually and and self- does does Division Division a of of High- t~lacBride, t~lacBride, Dexter Dexter

chief chief

of of

party party

on on preliminary preliminary route

"We "We that that the the find find elderly elderly citizen

Hearing Daylong Daylong ments ments

from from

1936 1936

to to 1943 1943 included

the the hardships hardships all all involved.

he he

District District returned returned

to to

I. I. His His assign-

progress." public public displaced displaced

by by

this: this: allow allow `lead' `lead' enough enough time time to to meet

Bridge Bridge

construction construction Bay Bay

after after which

encountered encountered the the traumas traumas

elderly by by

acquisition acquisition land land is is problems problems simply

the the

on on

spector spector San San

Francisco

- Oakland

inevitable the the gram gram

reduces reduces

certainly certainly

applied applied to to these these serious serious relocation relocation and

wire wire

as as and and

cable cable

concrete concrete

plant plant in-

and and

principles. principles. a a humane humane pro-

Such Such

magic magic "The "The which which California California has

1935 1935 1936 1936

to to

From From

he he

was was assigned

sound on on for for such such acting acting eminently eminently

moving moving average average cost cost was was only only $36.

projects. construction construction

complimented is is "California "California to to be be

MacBride MacBride assistance," assistance," testified. testified. "The

engineer engineer resident resident on on

several several highway

Aging, Aging, said:

have have the. the. they they right right opportunity opportunity and

resident resident

and and ant ant

Committee Committee of of Senate Senate Special Special the the on

RUDOLPH RUDOLPH BERGROTH their their upgrade upgrade sons sons to to housing housing when

as as assist- and and

then then

Subcommittee man man of of the the Relocation Relocation

these these pulse pulse dispossessed dispossessed of of elderly elderly per-

inspector, inspector,

struction struction ~ ~ ~ ~ ~"

discomfort, discomfort, Williams, Williams, Senator Senator Chair-

you you can can "Thus "Thus see see the the dynamic dynamic im-

parries parries

as as con- con- ~~_ vey vey

years years the the last last 10 10 of a a minimum minimum with with

Moving Moving Cosfs Cosfs Low served served on on he he sur sur -~~ ~ ~ ~ ~

has has relocated relocated sion sion persons persons 11 5,000 5,000 in

~: ~:

1928. 1928. Later Later in in =~ =~ '. '. 8~`,~- man man

Works' Works' Highway Highway -of -way -way valued valued

Right Divi- at at $14,412.

,`.

engineering engineering drafts- drafts- , , r~ r~ '-*~ '-*~

'~'^'

Department Department California California

of of

Public averaged averaged d~~elling d~~elling

10.6 10.6 years years old, old,

were ..~

Willits Willits as as a a in in civil

hearing hearing After After testimony testimony the with with that that

State State

assistance. assistance.

Replacement

the the District District I I office office ''~ ''~ ~;~,

rights -of -way -way public public and and uses. other other percent percent

bought bought

replacement replacement housing

~9 ~9

Bergroth Bergroth joined

erties erties are are purchased purchased freeway 3. 3.

Of Of

the the for for owners, owners, dispossessed dispossessed 61

the the State.

especially especially the the whose whose persons. elderly, elderly,

prop-

on on with 35 35 years years after after February February 1 1

compensating compensating and and relocating relocating persons,

the the

and and

was was $11,200, $11,200, of of residence residence

two

sion sion retired of of Highways Highways Eureka, Eureka, in in

for for (D —N.J.) —N.J.) its its program program 27 27

was was of

was was

tiation tiation years years

old, old,

at valued valued

for for the the the the office office Divi- District District of of I I

Wednesday Wednesday Senator Senator from from Williams

condemnation condemnation through through

State State

or or nego-

engineer

office office Rudolph Rudolph Bergroth, Bergroth,

California California got got the the a a pat pat on on back acquired acquired dwelling dwelling average average by by the

Loses Loses Bergroth Rudy Rudy

(Reprinted (Reprinted from from Angeles Angeles December December Times, Times, 6, 6, Los Los 1962)

STATE'S STATE'S RELOCATION, RELOCATION, COMPENSATION COMPENSATION PRAISED POLICY POLICY Office District District I I EARL E. SORENSON RETIRES; JOHN BEATON IS NAMED E. F. Carter Retires, Retirement of Earl E. Sorenson as In the same year he went to Vene- Ends 44-year Career equipment engineer for the California zuela, where he was in charge of the Division of Highways and the promo- hydrographic and topographic sur- After 44 years of service with the tion of John L. Beaton to succeed him veys for a petroleum firm and made Division of Highways, Assistant Main- has been announced by State High- the surveys and base map for the tenance Engineer Edward F. Carter way Engineer J. C. Womack. Beaton present city of Maracaibo. retired from state service on Decem- ber 1. is chief of the structural materials sec- In 1926 he returned to the United tion of the division's materials and States to become senior projects engi- Carter began his state highway ca- research department. neer for the Nebraska Department of reer as a teamster in Inyo and Mono Public Works; then moved to Califor- Counties in 1918, and became a sur- nia in 1928 and joined the Division of vey crew member in 1921. He later Highways as resident engineer on con- advanced to survey party chief and struction jobs in the San Francisco resident engineer. In 1926 he became Bay area. assistant maintenance engineer in Dis- He was appointed maintenance en- trict V, San Luis Obispo. gineer for District XI, San Diego, in In 1941 Carter was transferred to 1933, and from 1935 to 1947 super- division headquarters in Sacramento. contracts for vised the construction For the past 15 years he has been in that district. In 1948 he was advanced charge of the budget section of the to his present position as equipment division's maintenance engineer and transferred to division department, headquarters in Sacramento. where he has achieved extensive im- p~ovement of maintenance cost Sorenson is married to the former accounting procedures. Earl E. Sorenson is presented with a cer}ificate of Rose Mae Heyden. They have two appreciation from the Division's Safety Committee sons, Charles, a California Highway by C. E. Waite, Depu}y State Highway Engineer. Patrol officer, and Ronald, a mech~ni- member of Sorenson is a charter fhe committee. cal engineer. °~ Sorenson is a way engineer and in member of the 1950 became per- years of his 34-year For the past. 14 American Society sonnel management assistant for the career, Sorenson has been in state of Civil Engineers, division. charge of the trucks, automobiles and ..# ~'° "'`,F; the American Since November 1951 he has served specialized maintenance and construc- ~- Public Works As- as supervising highway tion equipment operated by the Divi- engineer for " "~` sociation, the Am- the sion of Highways, riow totalling materials and research department ~~° bassadors and Com- about 9,400 units and an investment in charge of the structural materials monwealth Clubs of more than $3 3,000,000. This equip- section. In Janury 1962 he was elected and the Masonic ment is serviced and repaired at 12 JOHN L. BEATON president of the Sacramento Section, order. He is a past major shops and 14 sub-shops through- American Society of Civil Engineers. president of Chapter 17, California out the State. State Employees' Association in San Beaton is the author of professional The equipment department is also Diego, and a past regional director. papers which appeared in the proceed- responsible for procuring automotive Beaton, Sorenson's successor, is a ings of the Highway Research Board and maintenance equipment, and, in veteran of more than 25 years service and covered such subjects as testing of many cases, for designing and con- with the State of California. concrete bridge rails, extensive full structing specialized vehicles and scale tests of median barrier designs, machines for highway work. He joined the Division of Highways as a rodman and axeman on the Kings causes and repair of bridge deteriora- Sorenson is a native of ~ Harlan, 1930 and tion due to corrosion, radiographic Iowa. In World War I he served with River Canyon project in the 20th Infantry on the Mexican worked for the division during sum- inspection of welded highway bridges, border and then as a pilot in France mer vacations while he was attending and corrosion of metal culverts. He with the 263d Air Service. the University of California. Upon has also had papers published in the After the war he worked as a con- graduation in 1937 he was assigned to ASCE transactions covering structural struction superintendent in his home the division's bridge department. welding inspection and inspection and city of Harlan. He graduated from In 1945 he joined the State Person- testing of welding on highway bridges. the University of Nebraska in 1925 nel Board as senior engineer examiner. Beaton and his wife, Rosina, have with a B.S. degree in civil engineer- In 1949 Beaton returned to the Di- two children: Richard, 19, and Judy, ing. vision of Highways as a senior high- 14.

January-February, 1963 57 Recent Department Assistant Comptroller Retirements Listed W. S. Cully Retires L. A. Weymouth Headquarters Office William S. Cully, assistant comptroller for the Department of Public L. A. Weymouth, district engineer Reynolds, principal high- Frank M. Works has retired after 33 years of in charge of operations for District way engineer, 3 3 years; Hazeldean M. state service. IV, San Francisco, died December 4 senior information clerk, 20 Snedden, A native of Leadville, Colorado, after a long illness. years. Cully attended business school in Den- A native Californian, Weymouth Bridge Department ver and began his career as a book- was born in Pacific Grove and at- keeper in a mine commissary tended grade and high school in Ma- Lelia tiV. Houde, supervising stenog- at Climax. dera and Fresno. He continued his rapher I, 15 years; George L. Laird, He came to Sacramento in 1928 studies at Fresno State College and supervising bridge engineer, 24 years. and went to work in 1930 as a juniorbook- received his B.S. degree from the District keeper for the Division of Highways. University of California at Berkeley. Charles Cuff, highway foreman, 43 He was named assistant comptroller in Weymouth's career with the Divi- sion of Highways started in years; Otto W. Heinrich, senior high- July 1949. 1928 when he went to work for way foreman, 26 years; Archie R. His special re- District VI as a rodman. He Mitchell, highway foreman, 29 years; ;' ~;~ sponsibilities have was assigned to District V in 1931 as a highway '* Howard E. Raymond, highway included the prep- draftsman computer and maintenance man II, 27 years; Charles ~~'-, ': aration of account- office man on a location survey south of Big Sur W. Travis, highway maintenance man ing manuals for the in Monterey County. He continued II, 29 years. ~,,~ ~ Division of High- "°~~' ways, Division of in District V until 1939, working on District II Architecture and surveys, construction and design. Richard S. Juvet, highway field the former Divi- In 1939 Weymouth was assigned office assistant, 25 years. sion of Water Re- to surveys and plans department in WILLIAM S. CULLY headquarters office. Among other du- District III sources in the De- partment of Public Works. He also ties he reviewed plans in the field and Martin H. Barner, highway main- set up the accounting procedures for office and assisted in developing the tenance man II, 31 years; Robert Ed- state-owned. toll bridges, supervised State's position on AASHO design wards, highway field ofrice assistant, the budgets and accounts operation policies. 12 years; Raymond Hardy, janitor, 9 for the Division of Highways, and During 1943 he was assigned to years; Robert M.Luck, highway main- wrote the procedures for cities and District I as resident engineer on an tenance man III, 3 3 years; Daniel M. counties to follow in filing claims for access road to an airbase southwest of Viers, highway maintenance man I, storm damage to roads, streets and Arcata. 29 years. bridges. Weymouth transferred to District I V in 1945 as freeway and advance District IV Cully and his wife, Agnes, have three children: Mrs. Alice Lera of planning engineer. He was promoted Horace M. Hair, supervising Sacramento, Alan W. Cully of the to district engineer in 1947, in charge groundsman I, 15 years; Jesse Miller, merchant marine, and Dennis, a stu- of planning and design for District highway maintenance man I, 11 years; dent at C. K. McClatchy High School. IV. He took over the operations func- Thomas J. Murray, highway mainten- tion for District IV in 1952. George L. Rich- Weymouth was a member ance man I, 29 years; II, 30 years; Lawernce W. Larson, as- of the signal tech- American Society of Civil ardson, supervising traffic sistant highway Engineer, 27 years. Engineers nician, 25 years. and. the Institute of TrafFic Engineers. District VIII He is survived by his wife, District V Mar- Roscoe Webb, highway mainten- garet, and a son and daughter. Eugene C. VanSchaick, highway ance man II, 24 years. foreman, 31 years. Shop 1 District X District VI Alex F. Petzinger, ferryboat cap- Martin Bredehoft, automobile me- Edward R. Obrikat, assistant high- tain, 5 years. chanic, 36 years. way engineer, 1 S years. District XI Shop 3 District VII Carson McNamee, highway field Marion L. Blackwell,senior machine Wilbur W. Feineman, associate office assistant, 27 years. parts storekeeper, 38 years. right-of-~>ay agent, 13 years; Stillman State-owned Toll Bridges Shop 10 A. Gates, highway maintenance man Joseph Rapisarda, highway mainten- Helen Parnau, accounting techni- * Disability. ance man I, 4 years. cian III, 30 years.

58 California Highways and Public Works Greene, Ayanian Equipment Super Bridge Engineer Reassigned in S.F. Mendenhall Retires G. L. Laird Retires Clifton F. Greene has been ap- After 43 years of service with the George L. Laird, supervising bridge pointed district engineer — planning, equipment department of the Division engineer for the California Division for the San Francisco Bay area dis- of Highways, Thomas A. Menden- of Highways, retired on October 1 trict of the California Division of hall, highway equipment superintend- after 24 years of state service. Highways, a position which has been ent I at headquarters shop, Sacra- For the past nine years, Laird has filled since early this year by Haig mento, retired on January 1. been assigned as bridge construction Ayanian. Ayanian is being shifted to Mendenhall started his career with engineer (south) in charge of bridge the post of district engineer—opera- the State in August 1920, as an auto- construction in the four southern tions, succeeding the late L. A. Wey- mobile mechanic in headquarters shop. highway districts. During this period mouth. With the exception of less than a he has been responsible for the super- o~ For the past 13 year's separation, Mendenhall's career vision of construction of well over years Greene has has been with the equipment depart- $300,000,000 worth of highway struc- been assistant dis- ment. In 1931 he was promoted to tures. ,~ trict engineer in highway mechanic foreman. Laird was born `~ ~~l charge of advance In May 1955, he was promoted to ~ ~ ~ ~,.~ in Wisconsin but ,,.~,... planning and route highway equipment superintendent ~ Y ~`. ~ moved at an early location studies for and given charge of the development age with his family the San Francisco of the special equipment designed and to Oregon where ~* Bay area. constructed in the headquarters shop. ~ where attended ele- In his new assign- Mendenhall was born in Salesville, CLIFTON F. GREENE ~~ mentary and high ment Ohio, he will not and attended grade and high '~~°` ~ ~~ ~ schools. He is a only be responsible for these func- school in Sacramento. ~' °e graduate of Ore- tions but also for programing and Mendenhall is a member of the Elks gon State Univer- budgets G. L. LAIRD and for administrative serv- Lodge. He and his wife, Maude, have sity, where he re- ices. one son, a superintendent with a local ceived his BS degree in 1924. A native of Waitsfield, Vermont, heavy construction firm. In 1925, after a brief period as as- Greene attended high school in Peta- sistant to the city engineer in Bandon, luma, and received his B.S. degree Oregon, Laird moved to Southern from the University of California at SLIDES CLOSE HIGHWAYS California and went Berkeley. to work for the In the Sierra Nevada, mud and rock City of Los Angeles. He joined the Division of High- slides closed the Emerald Bay section Laird left the city in 1932 and ways in 1931. His first three years of State Sign Route 89 for 42 hours joined the staff of the E. F. Knapp were spent on construction and mate- beginning the afternoon of December Construction Company as a project rials testing in the San Luis Obispo 15, and for more than 35 hours be- engineer. Among the many projects and Los Angeles districts, followed ginning the night of December 17. completed under his supervision were by eight years in design work in the State Sign Routes 88 and over Car- 4 the Sixth Street Viaduct in Los An- San Diego district. He moved to Dis- son and Ebbetts respectively Passes geles, the Mt. Vernon Viaduct in San trict IV, San Francisco, in 1942. were closed for the winter the first Bernardino, the Tuolumne River He was promoted to district proj- week of December. ect and budget engineer in Novem- Bridge at Modesto and the approach ber 1947. He advanced to assistant structures to the San Francisco Bay and traffic functions engineer- district engineer in charge of plan- and for Bridge. ing services. ning in December 1949, and has since Laird began his career with the played a major staff role in the plan- Most of his 25 years of experience Division of Highways in 1938, and ning and design of the major free- with the Division of Highways have his first assignment was as resident ways in the San Francisco Bay area. been in the field of construction. engineer on the Alhambra Overhead Greene and his After service with the Seabees in in the City of Los Angeles. During wife, Bonnie, have '~. World War II, Ayanian was resident the next 12 years he was resident a son, Charles, and engineer on major freeway contracts engineer on major bridge projects a daughter, Janet. in the Los Angeles area, and moved of increasing complexity throughout Ayanian, in tak- r '~~* to San Francisco in 1956 as assistant Southern California. In 1950 he was engineer in charge of ing over the op- district con- promoted to senior bridge engineer erations assignment ~ '--"` struction. Early in 1962 he was pro- and in 1953 to supervising bridge en- for District IV,will moted to district engineer—planning. have responsibility Ayanian is a native of Niagara Falls, gineer assigned as bridge construction for the construe- N.Y. He attended the University of engineer (south), a position he held HAIG AYANIAN tion, maintenance California at Los Angeles. until his retirement.

January-February, 1963 59

California California 60 60 Highways Highways Public Public and and Works

I- Iighway Washington Washington State State liter liter Army Army tl~e Engineers Engineers and and the the for for the the daughter.

I~TOrthwest projects projects the the in in highway highway The The sons sons and and a have have two two Reynolds Reynolds as as as as served served major major in captain, captain, then then

;-orked ;-orked 1928 1928 he he

~ on 1922 1922 to to From From

pro~i~oted pro~i~oted present present position. to to his his Later Later Persian Persian he Gulf Gulf the the and and Russia. Russia.

Pullman. ant ant at at planning planning

was

he he

In In 1951 1951

engineer. engineer. a a developing developing between supple supple route route

Washington Washington State State at at ~~~a~•s ~~~a~•s neering neering College assist- 1945 1945 as as Headquarters Headquarters in in

Iraq Iraq and and for Iran, Iran, ~~ responsibility responsibility

-ith -ith

studied studied War War He He I, I, then then in in World World engi- High- returned returned to to of of Division Division

the the L'.S. L'.S. neer neer mission mission for for in

military military

served served the the U.S. U.S. there. there. Army He He in in both both D.C., D.C., Europe. Washington, Washington, and and

he he In In 1942 1942 engi- highway highway became became

and and attended attended Washington, Washington, school Corps, Corps, with with Transportation Transportation duty duty in

-as -as Spokane, Reynolds Reynolds ~ ; born born near near traffic traffic and and safety safety engineer.

ber ber 1. Sacramento Sacramento state as as the the assistant assistant to to

also also i\TOVem- state state service service on on leave leave

children children t~vo t~vo great great grandchildren. and and the the to returned returned and and following following

year year

C. C.

way way Engineer Engineer will J. J. Womack, Womack, dro. dro. Snedden Snedden also also has has t~vo t~vo grand- n~Irs. n~Irs.

trict trict Francisco, traffic traffic engineer engineer

at at

San San

is is currently currently High- secretary secretary to to State State Toni Toni

W. W.

Snedden, Snedden,

lives lives in in

San San Lean-

1936. 1936. In In 1940 1940 he he ~~~as ~~~as dis-

appointed appointed

19 19 Highways Highways years years and for for the the past past

also also lives lives

son, in in

Sacramento; Sacramento;

and and a a

headquarters headquarters

sion sion

in in

Sacramento Sacramento in

the the Division Division of employee employee of of been been an an

A A

~~~rs. ~~~rs. R. R. J. J.

Hackbarth, daughter, daughter,

Reynolds Reynolds was was divi-

transferred transferred

to to

who who Reynolds' Reynolds' has wife, wife, Frances, Frances, Daughters Daughters of of Scotia.

99 99 Grade Grade on on U.S. U.S. during during this this period. ning ning the the chapter chapter Lodge, Lodge, of local local Highways.

the the struction struction project project on on Grapevine ters. ters. Kihvin- She She is is also also a a member member of of Division Division of for for the the urban urban planner planner

a a resident resident on on 12 engineer engineer -mile -mile con- also also associated associated with with other other been been chap- to to the the established established position position ne~yly ne~yly of

San San Valley Valley area. area. the the Joaquin Joaquin He He was ~'~~Iahomen, ~'~~Iahomen, has G. G. ~~~Iinnesota, ~~~Iinnesota, Star Star who who and and in in vas vas appointed appointed last last Beer, Beer, July

highway highway and and location location construction construction in Eastern Flower Flower Chapter Chapter \Moccasin \Moccasin of of the the will will planning planning be be C. ~ survey survey work work

years years the the next next seven seven worked worked for for on the is is member member Mrs. Mrs. of of Snedden Snedden a a Reynolds Reynolds in in charge charge Succeeding Succeeding of

1929 1929 he he moved moved to to California California In In and in in 1942. Railroad, Railroad, ~vho ~vho died died tions.

Grande Denver Denver &Rio &Rio agent agent for for the the Roads. Public Public high~~ay high~~ay state state opera- planning planning and and

commercial a a Snedden, Snedden, married married A. A. F. F. U:S. U:S. Department Department Bureau Bureau and and the the of system system used used in in essing essing aspects aspects of many many

1933, 1933, where where she Sacramento Sacramento in in to to and and electronic electronic tabulation tabulation data data proc-

came bureau. bureau. She She travel travel Francisco Francisco San San extensive extensive and and the the division's division's machine

with with a work work she she began began 1926, 1926, in in when when Angeles Angeles regional regional transportation transportation study;

Francisco. the the Hotel Hotel

San San

at at Cecil Cecil in in

Califor~iia to to coming coming Nevada, Nevada, before before cities; cities; the the current current culminating culminating Los in in

his his death death

he he At At resided the the time time

of of

and Wyoming, Wyoming, t~~linnesota, t~~linnesota, lanitoba, lanitoba, A- studies studies in in several several major major California

Civil Civil Engineers. in taught taught teacher, teacher, she she primary primary school school 1955; 1955; of of motor motor vehicle vehicle inventory inventory use

member member of of of the the American American Society Society As As a Canada. Canada. ,~~lanitoba, ,~~lanitoba, education education in in Legislature; Legislature; the the statewide statewide county county road

California California was was years. years. He He a for for 10 10 her received received childhood childhood and and her her spent spent w~ay w~ay routing routing reports reports requested requested by by the

Mexico Mexico Washington, Washington, and Colorado, Colorado, she Nlichigau, Nlichigau, Gladstone, Gladstone, Born Born in in supervision supervision of of numerous numerous special special high-

sota, sota, he he engaged engaged in in engineering engineering in alike. visitors visitors ployees ployees and and His His responsibilities responsibilities also also included

bia bia and and at at the the University University of of il~inne- em- questions questions of• of• diversified diversified widely widely study. highways highways

Academy Academy the the in in Colum- University University the answered answered and and applicants, applicants, job job needs needs of of 1960 1960 and and the the current current scenic

his his education education Missouri. Missouri. at Following Following of thousands thousands interviews interviews with with port port liminary liminary 1958, 1958, the the city - county county of of road

Columbia, Woodson Woodson

~~as ~~as born born in in

pre- she she has has held held freeway freeway system system re-

SNEDDEN SNEDDEN

FRANX FRANX HAZELDEAN HAZELDEAN

REYNOLDS REYNOLDS

agent agent time in in District District During During this this IX. major major studies studies as as the

~ ~ formation formation state state clerk. as as right -of -way employment employment ordinating ordinating such

Los Los to to Angeles. Angeles. in- 1930 1930 then then he he entered senior senior In In re- + + responsible responsible for for co-

private private and ~ ~

classification, classification, practice practice enter enter engineering engineering in sion, sion, Reynolds Reynolds was

r..

intermediate to to VI. VI. 1926 1926 He He left left the the division division the the in in to ~ ~ unit unit of of the the divi-

division division (district) (district) up engineer engineer in in turn turn in in worked worked District s s ~` ~` ` ` ~ ~ planning planning survey

His His 1943, 1943, state state she career career began began in in as January January 1912 1912 fornia fornia highway

agent agent in in charge. charge. of of District District way way basis basis in temporary temporary IV. heading heading the the Cali-

1945, 1945, Woodson Woodson a had had junior junior been been right clerk clerk -of- on on highway highway engineer

1933 1933 his his From From retirement retirement begun begun in as until until Having Having As As principal

of of sion sion Highways. Highways. 83 83 He He was was years years of of ber ber 21. 21. age.

29 29 wit11 wit11 the the Divi- of of years years the the with with personnel personnel the the section section State State Division Division of three three other other districts, districts, died died Novem-

years years 11 11 ~oven~ber ~oven~ber years, years, service 30, 30, after after 20 20 of of retired retired on on November November 1 1 after and and later later as as -of -way -way VI, VI, agent agent right in

by by the the the the retired Public Public State State Works Works Building, Building, Legislature Legislature for for the the last first first as as a a district district engineer engineer in in District

highway highway the the desk desk of floor floor information information second second planning planning studies studies requested years years with with the the Division Division of of Highways,

in in persons persons at countless countless years years charge charge has has of of served served long -range -range

California James James B. B. who who 2g Woodson, Woodson, spent spent

18 Frank Frank in in M. M. Snedden, Snedden, who who Mrs. Mrs. Hazeldean Hazeldean Reynolds, Reynolds, who who has has been

Retires Snedden Snedden Engineer Engineer Dean Dean Retires

Jams Jams B. B. iNoodson

Information Information Planning Planning Clerk Survey Index to California Highways and Public Works JANUARY TO DECEMBER 1962

I1rut Page SUBJECT INDEX Fresno Freeway IrJUe Page The "Annual Report Issue"—No- Slip-form Job—Fresno—Variation of Previous Techniques Described___ Sept. -Oct. 24 AASHO Road Tests to be Discussed._ afar. -Apr. 22 vember-December of each year—is Access Concrol Funds Cities Get $34,948,755 Street Ap- Two-lane Expressways______July -Aug. 11 devoted to budget information and -June 43 Accidents portionment______~4ay general summaries of activity car- Funds Allocated for State Forest Fewer e'~ccidents—Richmond-Car- Jan. -Feb. 2 yuinezU.S.40StodySho~vsThree- ried on by the Roads------Apr. 23 various departments year DroP___"'____ _ \'Iar. (See also Funds) No Cross'I'raffic Low__ \Iar._ -Apr. 9 within the Gasoline Tax Keeps Rate Division of Highways. Cities Get $34,948,755 Street Ap- Atmometer portionment______~4ay -June 43 Evaporation Rate—Apparatus \Iea- ~1eet the______\4ay -June 50 sures Water Loss During Con- Geodimeter, 49 Gillis, Spickelmire Write ARBA Bul- struciion------Jaly -Aug. letin------Sept.- Oct. 60 Automation Irrue Page --- Central VIix—Revised Method Speeds Golden State Freeway Traffic Census—Self-recording Equip- Ease July -Aug. zl Road Paving Operacions______July -Aug. 29 Traffic Relief—Loop Freeways ment Replaces lfanual Counting_ in ~-fevopolitan Los Awards Construction ~~fanual, Division Issues Congestion MaY -June 9 Angeles------Sept.- Oct. 16 Hewes Award—Bridge Dept's. Sun- g New------'------'- —Last Two-lane U.S. bury, Lab's Jonas 1962 Winners___ July -Aug. Coronado-San Diego Bridge______Sept.- Oct. 58 Goleta Project Coronado-San Diego Highway Toll 101 Section in South Santa Barbara Traffic Engineering Award Presented Eliminated______May -June 34 to Division (National Safety Crossing, Hearing Held on______May -June 62 County Council Certificate for 1961)____ July -Aug. Zp Cost Index 32 Construction Costs Show 15°Ja In- Hart, Alan S., Promoted to Asst. State Twenty-five-year Awards______\'Sar. -Apr. __ _ __ July 35 Twenty-five-year Awards______\-4ay -June (Z crease (2nd quarter 1962)______July -Aug. 34 Highway Engineer______-Aug. Twenty-five-year Awards______July -Aug. 54 Hewes Award—Bridge Dept's. Sun- Twenty-five-yearAwards______Sept. -Oct. 63 Dekema, J., Promoted to Asst. State bury, Lab's Jonas 1962 Winners___ July -Aug. 8 HiRliways, Fish and Game Agreement Ayanian, Haig—Promoted to District Highway Engineer------July -Aug. 35 4 (N)Engineer-Planning______~4ar. -Apr. 70 Drainage Set------Mar. -Apr. Flood Problems-3—Cooperative Highway Transportation Agency Driver Habit Study, Governor Ap- Banning Drainage Job Features Earth Fill 62 Freeways &Cities—State Engineers Dam------Jan. -Feb. 63 proves______Jan. -Feb. 13 State Launches Broad Motor Ve- Right, Say Banning, Beaumont__ Sept. -Oct. Driver Habit Study, Governor Ap- 36 Barriers )an. -Feb. 62 hicles Study______7uly -Aug. ptoves------'------~— Inside \4ore Tests—Cable-Chain, Rigid Transportation Agency Exhibit Tours State______Sept.- Oct. Back Beam Barriers Given Further Equipment Cover Lab, Field Study______Mar. -Apr. 16 \fleet the Geodimeter______May -June 50 Baxter, F. E.—Promoted to Assistant Highway Week Set for May 20-26____ Mar. -Apr. 68 Evaporation Rate—Apparatus \leas- National Highway Week, May 20- Inside State Highway Engineer______Jan. -Feb. 60 Dunng Construc- 10 ures Water Loss -- MaY -June Back Bay Area Report______~1ay -June July -Aug. 49 26------Cover Beaumont tion------Traffic Census Self-recording Hollywood Freeway Freeways &Cities—State Engineers Equipment Replaces \4anual Right, Say Banning, Beaumont__ Sept. -Oct. 13 Traffic Relief—hoop Freeways Ease Counting______July -Aug. 21 Congestion in Metropolitan Los Beer, C. G.—Appointed Engineer in 29 Traffic Stnpes—New Thermoplastic Charge of Secondary Roads______\tar. -Apr. Angeles______Sept.-Oct. 16 Applicator Proves Worth______Sept.- Oct. 47 How, A. W., Promoted to District Beer, C. G., and C. T. Ledden Named Evaporation Rate—Apparatus \leas- to New Posts______-July -Aug. 36 (VII) Engineer-Design______Mar. -Apr. 70 ures Water Loss During Construo- Counties Benicia\4artinez Bridge tion July -Aug. 49 Highway Projects by Benicia-Vallejo—First Section Com------Alameda County Express ~ighways :Bay Area Report______May -June 10 pleted on Connecting Freeway_ _ _ Jan. -Feb. z9 Two-lane Expressways______July -Aug. I1 Benicia-Martinez - Ferry Service MacArthur Freeway______July -Aug. 2 Lnds after Opening of New Toll Butte County Bridge------_ - Sept.- Oct. 5 Feather River Highway ` West Branch Bridge—Feather Bridge Opening—New Span Joins West Branch Bridge—Feather River - River Relocation Ready______May -June 2 Benicia-\lartinez; Ends ll5-year- Relocation Ready ______May -June 2 Contra Costa County old Ferry Service______Sept.- Oct. 2 Federal Aid—'Slto '62______Sept.-Oct. 51 Bay Area Report______May -June 10 Progress Reported on Bridge Projects May -June 33 Federal Aid Secondary EI Dorado County Birnie, .4. C., Promoted to District Feather Lake— Highway Project is Extra Lanes—Passing, Chain (VII) Engineer—Administration____ il4ar. -Apr. ~p Example of Two Counties' Fore- Control Areas on U.S. 50 Prove Blueprint and Diazo Reproduction sight------Jan. -Feb. 33 Their Worth______Mar. -Apr. 61 Reduced Plans—Up-to-date Pro- New Intersection—FAS Project near Fresno County cesses Realize Large Savings_____ July -Aug. 45 'Modesto______May -June 7 Slip-form Job—Fresno—Variation Bradford (Robert B.) is Speaker at Two-county Link—Divided High- of Previous Techniques De- 30[h Annual A.B.T.T. A. \-leet____ Sept.-Oct. 50 way Connects Katella Ave., scribed______Sept.- Oct. 24 Bridges Willow St.__------Sept. -Oct. 28 Humboldt County Bay Bridge—Second Phase of Re- Ferries Fortune Freeway—New Freeway construction Nearing Completion_ Jan. -Feb. 36 Last Ferry—Benicia-Martinez Serv- Relieves City's Traffic Con- Bridge Costs-1961 Average Up ice Ends after Opening of New gestion______Sept.- Oc[. 31 6'/z Percent______~1ar. -Apr. ys Toll Bridge______Sept.-Oct. 5 Redwood Freeway-7/-mile Sec- Bridge Opening—New Span Joins Final Route Link-316-mile Westside tion Offers Convenience, New Benicia, 14artmez______Sept.- Oct. 2 Freeway Now Located______July -Aug. 33 Vistas______Jan. -Feb. 3 Experimental Paint—Corrosion Re- Fish and Game, Highways Agreement Inyo County s~stance Tested on Leffingwell Set______Mar. -Apr. 4 Onion Valley—Inyo County's New Creek Bridge______Jan. -Feb. y( Flood Problems-3-Cooperative Drain- FAS Road Opens High Sierra Hewes Award—Bridge Dept's. Sun- age Job Features Earth Fill Dam____ Jan. -Feb. 63 to Motorists ______'______Mar. -Apr. 30 bury, Lab's Jonas 1962 Winners__ July -Aug. g FolkinRs, (Dick) is Champion Lawn Lassen County Kidproof Railings—Safety Offers Bowler of World______Sept.-Oct. 60 Feather Lake—Highway Project (:hallenge on Pedestrian Crossings Sept. -Oct. 19 Forest Highways is Example of Two Counties' - Progress Reported on Bridge Proj- Funds Allocated for State Forest Foresight______Jan. -Feb. 33 -Feb. 2 ects------\1aY -June 33 Roads------'------Jan. Los Angeles County Sacramento River Bridge in Redding Fortuna Freeway Cable Moving—New `Skidding Widened______Jan. -Feb. 15 Fortuna Project—New Freeway Technique Saves State $146,000 Jan. -Feb. 44 San Diego-Coronado Bridge______Sept.- Oct. Sg Relieves Congestion______Sepx.-Oct. 31 L. A. Area Freeways (Report San Diego-Coronado Highway Toll Freeway Loops from District VII)______Mar.-Apr. 42 Crossing, Hearing Held on______May -June (z Traffic Relief—Loop Freeways Ease San Diego Freeway—Half of 90- San Maceo-Hayward Bridge Design Congestion in Metropolitan Los mile Route Completed or Under Sept. -Oct. 16 45 Approved______Jan. -Feb. 61 Angeles------Wav------Tan. -Feb. Span Lift—Novel \lethod Used to Freeway Statistics. Traffic Relief—Loop Freeways Raise San Gabriel River Bridge_ _ _ May -June 59 Full Freeways 1Vow Total 1,000 Ease Congestion in Metropol- Wes[- Branch July -Aug. 48 Angeles____:___ _ _Sept.- Oc[. 16 Bridge—Feather River ~~iles------itan Los Relocation Ready______~~ay -June 2 6,240 vliles—Route Adoptions Now Two-county LiFlk—Divided HiRh- Whiskey Creek Bridge______\Rar. -Apr. 33 Exceed Half of State Freeway way Connects Katella Ave., Burrill, John C., Sept. -Oct. 49 St.------Sept. -Oct. 28 Appoinxed Comp- SYstem------'----- Willow troller ------.------\flat -Apr. 69 Freeways Marro County Freeway Accidents—No Cross Bay Area Report______May -June 10 Cable ~4ovinR—New `Skidding' Tech- Traffic Keeps Rate Low______Mar. -Apr. 9 Napa County nique Saves State $146,000______Jan. -Feb. 44 Freeways &Cities-State Engineers Bay Area Report______May -June 10 Caldecott Tunnel Right, Say Banning, Beaumont_ _ _ Sept. -Oct. 13 grange County Progress Reported on Bridge Proj- Full Freeways Now Tota( :,OCO L. A. Area Freeways—Report ects_____------\1ay -7une 33 files------July -Avg. 48 from District VII______Mar. -Apr. 42 California Toll Bridge Authority 6,240 \Tiles—Route Adoptions Now Two-county Link—Divided High- Tolls Adopted for New State Bridges July -Aug. 2g Exceed Half of State Freeway -- way Connects Katella Ave., Coronado Bridge______San Diego- Sept.- Oct. 58 System______Sept.- Oct. 49 Willow St.------Sept. -Oct. 28 January-F~bruary, 1963 61 Irrue Page IJJUe Page IrJUe Page Sacramento County Moonlight Ride—San Diego 'Cross- South Sacramento Freeway______Jan. -Feb. 16 town' is Freeway with View (Re- Nelson, M. F. "~'Iique°______Sept. -Oct. 59 Final Route Link-316-mile West- print from San. Diego Union)______July -Aug. 19 Ramsey, Richard H.______July -Aug. 55 side Freeway Nowi.ocated_____ July -Aug. 33 Redden, L. R.______Jan. -Feb. 62 San Bernardino County National Highway Week, May 20-26_ May -June Inside Remington, W. G.______34ar. -Apr. 5 San Gorgonio Pass—New $5,500,- Back Reynolds, Thomas W______May -June 60 000 Freeway Ends Traffic Prob- Cover Root, A. W.______May -June 58 lem______Jan. -Feb. 13 Highway Week Set for May 20.26___ Mar.-Apr. 68 Rose, Cass VI.______July -Aug. 52 Redlands Freeway—New $16,- National Safety Council Sullivan, Mae___.______Mar. -Apr. 79 000,000 Project Serves Local, Traffic Engineering Award Presented Trask, J. W.______Jan. -Feb. 60 Interstate Traffic______Sept.-Oct. 7 to Division (National Safety Tremper,Bailey______Mar. -Apr. 78 San Diego County Council Certificate for 1961)____ July -Aug. 20 Van Dalsem, Burnell __ Sept. -Oct. 60 Moonlight Ride—San Diego's New Intersection—FAS Project Near Whitlock, Harold. J.______\Rar. -Apr. 77 `Crosstown' is Freeway with Modesto______May -June 7 Wood, Howard C.____ Mar. -Apr. 73 View (Reprint from San Diego Union)______July -Aug. 19 Obituaries Safety San Francisco County In Memoriam______Mar. -Apr. 32 Freeway Accidents—No Cross Bay Area Report______May -June 10 May -June 62 Traffic Keeps Rate Low______Mar. -Apr. 9 San Mateo County July -Aug. 54 Kidp~roof Railings—Safety Offers Bay Area Report__ _ _May -June 10 Sept. - Occ. 63 Challenge on Pedestrian Crossings Sept. -Oct. 19 Junipero Serra—Advance Plan- Cortelyou, Spencer V.______Sept.- Oct. 46 Traffic Safety—Governor's Confer- ning Pays off on Interstate Harris,Milton______Sept.-Oct. 61 enceDraws1,200Delegates______Mar.-Apr. 28 Route 280______Jan. -Feb. 19 Kennedy, R. C.______Jan. -Feb. 79 San Diego-Coronado Bridge______Sept.- Oct. 58 Santa Barbara County Lamb, G. I-I.______May -June 60 San Diego-Coronado Highway Toll Goleta Project—Last Two-lane Martin, James E.______May -June 58 Crossing, Hearing Held on______May -June 62 U.S. 101 Section in South Santa Stanton, T. E.______AQay -June 61 San Diego Freeway Barbara County is Eliminated__ May -June 34 West, M. H.______May -June 63 Cable Moving—New `Skidding' Santa Clara County Technique Saves State $146,000_ Jan. -Feb. 44 Bay Area Report______May -June 10 Paint, Experimental—Corrosion Re- Half of 90-mile Route Completed or Santa Cruz County sistance Tested on Leffingwell Creek Under Way______Jan. -Feb. 45 Bay Area Report______May -June 10 Bridge______Jan. -Feb. 26 San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge Shasta County Paving Methods Progress Reported on Bridge Proj- Sacramento River Bridge in Red- Central Mix—Revised Method ects______May -June 33 ding Widened______Jan. -Feb. 15 Speeds Road Paving Operations_ July -Aug. 29 San Gabriel River Bridge, Span Lift Whiskey Creek—Two-lane Struc- Paving, Slip-form Used to Raise______May -June 59 tore Builc to Provide for Future Goleta Project—Last Two-lane U.S. San Gorgonio Pass—New $5,500,000 Widening______Mar.- Apr. 33 101 Section in South Santa Bar- Freeway Ends Traffic Problem____ Jan. -Feb. 13 FeatherLake—HighwayProjectis tiara County is Eliminated______May -June 34 San Mateo-Hayward Bridge Design Example of Two Counties' Slip-formJob—Fresno—Variation of is Approved______Jan. -Feb. 61 Foresight______Jan. -Feb. 33 Previous Techniques Described___ Sept.- Oct. 24 San Pedro-Terminal Island Toll Bridge Solano County Slip-form Paver Used on San Gor- Progress Reported on Bridge Proj- Vallejo-Benicia—First Section gonio Pass Job______Jan. -Feb. 14 ects______May -June 33 Completed on Connecting Free- Payne, Franklin, Named to Highway Santa Monica Freeway way______Jan. -Feb. 29 Commission______Jan. -Feb. 2 Traffic Relief—Loop Freeways Ease Sonoma County Petaluma Bypass—Effect on Specific Congestion in Metropolitan Los Bay Area Report_____. ______May -June 10 Businesses and Community Analyzed July -Aug. 37 Angeles______Sepc.-Oct. 16 Petaluma Bypass—Effect on Spe- Policy on Scenic Values______July -Aug.Inside Scenic Highways cific Businesses and the Com- Front Advisors on Scenic Highways Study munity is Analyzed______July -Aug. 37 Cover Conference (Picture)______Jan. -Feb.Inside Stanislaus County Potter, R. V., Named to Systems Re- Front New Intersection—FAS Project search Engineer______Sept.,-Oct. 59 Cover near Modesto______May -June 7 Processes, New Policy on Scenic Values______July -Aug.Inside Ventura County Reduced Plans—Up-to-date Pro- Front Ventura County Freeways.______Sept.- Oct. 36 cesses Realize Large Savings._____ July -Aug. 45 Cover L. A. Area Freeways—Report ScEnic Routes—Report to Legisla- fromDistrictVII______Mar.-Apr. 42 Railings, Kidproof,—Safety .Offers xureUrgesProtectionof`Corndor' - Yolo County Challenges on Pedestrian Crossings__ Sept.- Oct. 19 Vistas______Mar.- Apr. 2 Yolo Causeway—New Crossing is Randolph Collier Tunnel Signs and Signals Scheduled for Early 1963 Com- Progress Reported on Bridge Proj- ~ Conference Promotes Uniform Signs, -June 44 Mar. -Apr. 23 pktion------MaY ects------MaY -June 33 Signals------"Great Yolo Basin 'Concrete Record Sampling—Highway Testing "Now and Then"—Largest Highway Inside Trestle" Completed March, Program Checks Structural Sections_ Mar. -Apr. 58 Sign Ever Erected in California_ __ Jan. -Feb. Back 1916 (Condensed from earlier Redlands Freeway—New $16,000,000 Cover articles)______May -June 44 Project Serves Local, Interstate Sign Changes—Revised Manual____ Mar. - Api. 26 Traffic ______Sept.- Oct. 7 Slip form Paving I.T.T.E., 14th Meet______Mar. -Apr. 64 Reduced Plans—Up-to-date Processes U~1~~s~ Spickelmire Write ARBA Intersection, New—FAS Project Neap Realize Large Savings______July -Aug. 45 Bulletin______Sept.- Oct. 60 Modesto______May -June 7 Redwood Freeway-7%-mile Section Redlands Freeway—New $16,000,- Offers Convenience, New Vistas____ .Jan. -Feb. 3 000 Project Serves Local, Inter- state Traffic______Sept.- Oct. 7 Jackson, Calvin—Letter Cites Fore- Reports Bay Area Report______May -June 10 San Gorgonio Pass—New $5,500,000 man's Fast Thinking______May -June 63 Freeway Ends Traffic Problem___ Jan. -Feb. 13 Jonas, Paul—Hewes Award—Bride L. A. Area Freeways______Mar. -Apr. 42 B Research Slip-form Job—Fresno—Variation of Dep'ts. Sunbury, Lab's Jonas are Previous Techniques Described___ Sept.- Oct. 24 1962 Winners______July - Au g National Cooperative Research Pro- gram Initiated______July -Aug. 20 Snow Removal Jorgenson, J. F., Promoted to Con- g~ Snow Snow Snow (National struction En sneer______Se t. -Oct. 59 Route Adoptions______Jan. -Feb. 66 g p Mar.-A r 71 Guard)______Mar. -Apr. 40 Junipero Serra—Illustrated Booklet p' Snow in the South______Mar. -Apr. 37 Explains Roadwork______July -Aug. 44 May -June 32 Route Adoptions—New Exceed Half South Sacramento Freewa Y__.______Jan. -Feb. 16 Junipero Serra—Advance Planning Span Lift—Novel Method Used to Pays Off on Interstate Route 280__ Jan. -Feb. 19 of State Freeway System (6,240 miles)______Sept.- Oct. 49 Raise San Gabriel River Bridge____ May -June 59 Retirements Listed, Recent______Mar. -Apr. 74 Spickelmire, Gillis Write ARBA Bul- Last Ferry—Benicia-Martinez Service May -June 61 letin ______Sept.-Oct. 60 Ends After Opening of New Toll July -Aug. 53 Sunbury, Roger D.—Hewes.Award— Bridge______Sept.-Oct. 5 Sept.-Oct. 61 Bridge Dept's. Sunbury, Lab's Jonas Ledden, Charles T., and C. G. Beer Bangert, Nelson R.______Sept.- Oct. 62 are 1962 Winners______July -Aug. 8 Named to New Posts____.______7uly -Aug. 36 Barry, George______Sept.- Oct. 62 Legarra, J. A., Promoted to Deputy Survey Party, 1911, on EI Camino Inside Belford, H. E.______Mar.- Apr. 77 Real______July -Aug. Back State Highway Engineer______Jan. -Feb. 60 Bock, William______Jan. -Feb. 35 Lights, Tunnel—New Fluorescent Cover Boyd, Anson_____.______Mar. -Apr. 72 Surve s Lamp Fixtures are Brighter, Vandal- Briney, A. C.______Iuly -Aug. 54 resistant______May -June 39 Meet the Geodimeter______._____ May -June SO Burns, C. R.______Mar.- Apr. 78 Sweet, C. L., Appointed Bridge Engi- Los Angeles Cardwell, M. L.______May -June 33 L. A. Area Freeways (Report from -" neer, State-owned Toll Brid8 es, to Chase, R. V.______---- Jan. -Feb. 25 Succeed Howard Wood______Mar.- Apr. 73 District VII)______Mar. - A pr. 42 Cook, George N.______M'ar. -Apr. 73 Traffic Relief—Loop Freeways Ease Crane, Leland T.______Sept. -Oct. 63 Congestion in Metropolitan Los Creed, J. H.______May -June 31 Telford, Edward T., Promoted to Angeles______Sept.- Oct. 16 Davis, Coral______.______-- Jan. -Feb. 79 Metropolitan District Engineer_____ July -Aug. 35 Forschler,HomerT______July -Aug. 54 Terminal Island—San Pedro Toll MacArthur Freeway______July -Aug. 2 Garrison, F. R.______- Mar.- Apr. 77 Bridge Progress Reported on Bridge Maintenance Green, Frank F.______July -Aug. 54 Projects______May -June 33 New Maintenance Man Classes____ Jan. -Feb. 69 Halsted, Helen______July -Aug. 18 Test Track Maintenance Engineers Meet in Havlik, Stanley______Mar. -Apr. 79 AASHO Road Tests to be Discussed Sacramento______Jan. -Feb. 68 Hawthorne, Henry______-_ Mar.- Apr. 77 at Conference______Mar.- Apr. 22 Modesto Higgins, E. Roy______Mar. -Apr. 69 Tests New Intersection—FAS Project Hilton, Albert A.______.____ July -Aug. 55 More Tests—Cable-chain, Rigid Near Modesto______May -June 7 Keating, Albert______Mar.- Apr. 79 Beam Barriers Given Further Tests—Cable-chain Rigid Beam LaForge, H. B.______Mar. -Apr. 29 Lab, Field Study______Mar. -Apr. 16 Barriers Given Further Lab, Field Manhart, Forrest R.______Mar. -Apr. 78 Record Sampling—Highway Testing Study______Mar.- Apr. 16 :Morgan,John______Mar.- Apr. 79 Program Checks Structural Sec- MotorVehicle Study, State Launches__ July -Aug. 36 Nash, A. M.______Sept.- Oct. 59 bons______Mar.- Apr. ~8

62 California Highways and Public Works IJI1lC Pag~ Tinney, E. L., Promoted to \'fainte- Field, Robert iV.—More Tests—Cable- IJJ~C P°g` nance Engineer______Jan. -Feb. 61 chain, Rigid Beam Barriers Given C.H.C. Authorizes Traffic Congestion Further Lab, Field Study (Co-au.)_ Mar. -Apr. 16 Traffic Relief—Loop Freeways Ease Gillis, Lyman R.-Record Sampling— Congestion in Vletropolixan Los Highway Testing Program Checks 'Mission Be I I' Fund s Angeles______Sept.- Oct. 16 Structural Sections______Mar.- Apr. 58 Traffic Counts, Surveys Grasberger, Jack O.-Junipero Serra— Traffic Census—Self-recording Advance Planning Pays Off on EX penditure of $19~ 000 for installa- Equipment Replaces Manual Interstate Route 280______Jan. -Feb. 19 Counting______July -Aug. 21 Gray, George E.-Vietnam Highways_ Jan. -Feb. 70 X1011 of mission bell replicas IIl COIl- Tra4Cic Engineering Award Presented Hammond, Rufus M.—Evaporatwn « Camino Real" to Division------July - AuB• 20 Rate—A pparatus n~ea5~res wa«~ unction with new El Traffic Safety—Governor's Conference Loss During Construction Opera- 81 locations along U.S. 1~1 Draws 1,200 Delegates______Mar. -Apr. 28 tions______July -Aug. 49 Slg IIS at Traffic Striping Hampton, James H.—Petzluma By- between San Francisco and Los ~Il- Traffic Striper—New Machine has pass—Effect on Specific Businesses Flexibility and Ease of Control__ July -Aug. 31 and the Community is Analyzed. (A geles has been authorized by the Cali- Traffic Stripes—New Thermoplastic Report of the Land Economic Stud- ApplicatorProves Worth in Heavy ies Section, Right of Way Dept.)___ July -Aug. 37 fornia Highway Commission. Use Areas______Sept.-Oct. 47 Harris, P. C.—West Branch Bndge— Training, On-job Feather River Relocation Ready____ D4ay -June 2 New iVlaintenance Man Classes____ Jan. - Fe6. 69 Hart, Alan S.—U:S. 40—Sacramento The bells are being furnished to the Tunnel Lights—New Fluorescent to Nevada Section Now Has 99 Lamp Fixtures are Brighter, Vandal- Miles of Freeway and Expressway___ Jan. -Feb. 8 D1V1S1011 of Highways by the COTTl- resistant______\2ay -June 39 Heckeroth, Heinz—Traffic Rel~ef— Real, comprising Two-county Link—Divided Highway Loop Freeways Ease Congestion ~~ mittee for El Camino Connects Katella Ave., w~~ioW s:._ sePt.-opt. zs Metropolitan Los Angeles______Sept.-Oct. 16 several interested or anizations. The Two-lane Expressways______July -Aug. 11 Humiston, Nelson E.—Slip-form Job— g Y Previous Tech- Fresno; Variation of gre similar t0 the bells WI11Ct1 were U.S. 40—Sacramento to Nevada Sec- niques Described______Sept.- Oct. 24 tion now has 99 'files of Freeway Kapono, J. O.—Central Mix—Revised formerly in place along U.S. 101 but and Expressway______Jan. -Feb. 8 Method Speeds Road Paving Oper- ut~i~tses ations------July -Aug. 29 which disappeared as the highway Cable. VSoving—New `Skidding' Katibah, George P.—Meet the Geod- Technique Saves State $146,000__ Jan. -Feb. 44 imeter, (Co-au.) ______May -June 50 W1S converted TO multilane freeway Vallejo-Benicia—First Section Com- Kreiberg, T. N.—Tunnel 'Lights—hew pletedonConnectingFreeway_____ Jan. -Feb. 29 Fluorescent Lamp Fixtures are and expressway, frequently 111 a dif- Vietnam Highways—A California Brighter, Vandal-Resistant______May -June 39 final Engineer Goes to Southeast Asia_ _ _ Jan. -Feb. 70 \Qartin, James E.—San Diego Freeway ferent location from the ong route. —Half of 90-mile Route Completed Webster Street Tube. or Under Way______Jan. -Feb. 45 authorized Progress Reported on Bridge Proj- !VIauzy, H. K.—Bridge Costs-1961 The Leg islature, in 1959, ects______VIay -June 33 Average is 6% Percent Higher than Division Of HI I1W3 S CO install West Branch Bridge—Feather River Previous Year (Co-au.)______Mar..-Apr. 75 the g y Relocation Ready______~1ay -June 2 ,~'IcGinness, G. G.-Federal Aid—'S1 the bells as furnished. The division Westside Freeway to '62______Sept.- Oct. 51 Final Route Link-316-mile West- \IcIncosh, W. D.—Feather Lake— Plgt]S t0 erect the bells near TTIS~OI' side Freeway now Located______July -Aug. 33 Highway Project is Example of Two Counties' Foresight______Jan. -Feb. 33 junctions, 3t the entrances and exits Yolo Causeway—New Crossing Sched- 14oskowitz, Karl—Freeway Accidents uled for Early 1963 Completion_ _ _ _ May -June 44 —No Cross Traffic Keeps Rate Low_ Mar.-Apr. 9 Of communities along the route, and "Great Yolo Basin Concrete Trestle" Muller, H. W.—Cable ~~Ioving—New Was Completed in March., 1916 `Skidding' Technique Saves State aC approximately 10-mile intervals on (Condensed from earlierartieles)__ 1VIay -June 44 $146,000 (Co-au.)______Jan. -Feb. 44 O'Malley, John—Snow .a the south— long open stretches. ~4aintenance Crews Meet Unusual Challenge ______Mar.-Apr. 37 Pettine, J.D.—Whiskey Creek—Two- State Highway Engineer J. C. Wo- AUTHOR INDEX lane S[ructure B~~it ~o Provide for ex lained that no bells are being Future Widening______Mar.- Apr. 33 mack P Alderman, Roy—Goleta Project—Last Raab, Norman C.—Bay s~~age— installed between Los Angeles and San Two-Lane U.S. 101 Section in South Second Phase of Reconstruction Santa BarbaraCountyisEliminated May -June 34 Nearing Completion______Jan. -Feb. 36 DlegO UeC3USe that portion Of U.S. Beaton, John L.—More Tests—Cable- Radmanovich, Dan—\fleet the Geod- chaitr;-Rigid Beam Barriers Given imeter(Co-a u.)______1~4ay -June 50 1~1 is on the national interstate high- Further Lab, Field Study (Co-au.)_ Mar. -Apr. 16 Remington, W. G.—Bayshore Freeway Benedict, H. W.—Redwood Freeway— —San Jose io San Francisco is Now way system and federal rules prohibit 7%-mile Section Offers Convenience, All Full Freeway______Mac -Apr. 5 New Vistas______Jan. -Feb. 3 Roderick, C. F.—Vallejo-Benicia— nonreg ulation Slg IlS. Bottorff, R. D.—Onion Valley—Info First Section Completed on Con- County's New ~'.A.S. Road Opens netting Freeway______Jan. -Feb. 29 few months to install High Sierra to Motorists______Mar. -Apr. 30 Rooney, H. A.—Experimental Paint— It will take a Corrosion Bruch, Harter R.-NewIntersection— Resistance Tested on the bells in con unction with the signs, Stanislaus County Constructs F.A.S. Leffingwell Creek Bridge______Jan. -Feb. 26 Project Near Modesto______May -June 7 Ross, James W.—Flood Problems-3; Womack said. Chamberlain, Donald D.—Feather Cooperative Drainage Job Features Lake—Highway Peoject is Example Earth Fill Dam______Jan. -Feb. 63 of Two Counties' Foresight______Jan. -Feb. 33 Silva, Edward F.—South Sacramento The organizations sponsoring the Chan, Wah G.—Flood Problems-3; Freeway (Co-au.)______Jan. -Feb. 16 Cooperative Drainage Job Features Sinclair, J. P.—Bay Area Report_____ ~!Iay -June 10 mission bell effort include the ~311- Earth Fill Dam (Co-au.)______Jan. -Feb. 63 Smith, G. C.—Span Lift—Novel \Qethod Used to Raise San Gabriel fornia Mission Trails Association, the Chapman, M.-PoloCauseway—New Crossing Scheduled for Early 1963 River Bridge______~4ay -June 59 Completion (Co-au.)______May -June 44 Tamburri, Thomas N.—Traffic Cen- Native 1Sons and Native Daug hters of Choi, Harry—Reduced sus—Self Recording Eguip ment Re- Pans—Up-to- the GO1dC11 WCSt the California His- date Processes Realize Large Sav- places Manual Countin (Co-au.) _ _ _ July -Aug. 21 ~

-L. -Apr. 42 ings______July -Aug. 45 Telford, E. T. A. Area Freeways_ Mar. torieal .SQC1eCy, and the Colonial Colley, R. F.—Yolo Causeway—New Telford, E. T.—Ventura County Free- Crossing Scheduled for Early 1963 ways______Sept.-Oct. 36 Dames of the Seventeenth Century Completion (Co-au J______Vlay -June 44 Templin, Newton H.—Two-County Collins, J. D.—MacArthur Freeway Link—Divided Highway Connects (Co-au.)______July -Aug. 2 KatellaAve., Wi](owSt.______Sept.-Oct. 28 Teuscher, J. J. Benicia- Crawford, W. H.—Redlands Freeway —Last Ferry— -New Martinez Service Ends After Open- $16,000,000 Project Serves Bridge______Sept.-Oct. 2 Local, Interstate Traffic______Sept. ~ Ong of New ToII -Oct. Thomas, E. B.—Fortuna Project— Currier, David E.—Extra Lanes— Passinq, New Freeway Relieves City's Traffic 49 CONTRACTS COMPLETED Chain Control Areas on ______Sept.-Oct. 31 U.S. SO Prove Their Congestion Worth______Mar.-A r. 61 Watson, J. B.—MacArthur Freeway Decker, Ralph E.—Ca61e Movin — p au.)______July--Aug. 2 During December the Department `Skidding' ~Co- NeW Treatment sae5 \T.—Sign Changes—Revised State $146,000 (Co- Webb, G. au.)______Jan. -Feb. 44 Interstate Manual will be. Published of Public Works advertised for bids Dillon, G. E.—Fewer Accidents— Soon______- ______------Mar. -Apr. 26 with an estimated value Richmond-Carquinez U.S. 40 Study Woods, A. L.—Experimental Paint— on 24 Pro eets ShowsThree-YearDrop______mar. -Apr. 23 Corrosion Resistance Tested on Of $16~159~g~~, and awarded 31 COIl- Dunham, Carroll E.—Self-Recording Leffingwell Creek Bridge (Co-au.)__ Jan. -Feb. 26 Equipment Replaces ~4anual Count- Young, D. VI.—South Sacramento tracts for $29622,700. Contracts were ing (Co-au.)------July -Aug. 21 Freeway (Co-au.)______------Jan. -Feb. 16 Elliott, Arthur L.—Kidproof Railings Yusavage, W. J.-Bridge Costs-1961 completed for 49 projects at a cost of —Safety Offers Challenge on Pedes- Average is 6% Percent Higher than ------trianCrossings Sept.-Oct. 19 PreviousYear (Co-au.)______Mar.-Apr. 75 ~Z1~151~g~~.

January-February, 1963 63

printed printed in in

PR[N]'ING PR[N]'ING CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA OFFICE STATE STATE

-63 -63 2 52100 52100 78026 78026

Division of of Chief Chief Director, Director, BARNETT BARNETT P. P. CLYDE CLYDE

AERONAUTICS OF OF DIVISION DIVISION

Chief Chief Construction Construction Engineer HERD HERD M. M. CHARLES CHARLES

Assistant Assistant Architect Architect State State MEREi MEREi (South) TiOM TiOM Administrative Administrative Chief, Chief, Deputy Deputy HUNTER HUNTER S. S. HUBERT HUBERT

Assistant Assistant Architect Architect DUDMAN DUDMAN State State F. F. (North) ARTHUR ARTHUR Engineering Engineering Architecture Architecture and and Deputy Deputy Chief, Chief, HAMPTON HAMPTON W. W. EARL EARL

of of Chief Chief Division Architect, Architect, HAMPTON HAMPTON W. W. Acting Acting EARL EARL State State

OF OF ARCHITECTURE DIVISION DIVISION

Bridge Bridge Engineer BEM BEM BALALA BALALA Principal Principal

RAAB RAAB of of C. C. Division NORMAN NORMAN Chief Chief

CROSSINGS FRANCISCO FRANCISCO TOLL TOLL SAN SAN BAY BAY OF OF DIVISION DIVISION

S. S. JONES JONES Assistant Assistant FENTON FENTON Chief Chief HOLLOWAY HOLLOWAY HARRY HARRY Auistant Auistant Chief Chief Chief Assistant Assistant HADLEY HADLEY C. C. GEORGE GEORGE

. . Counsel REED REED E. E. ROBERT ROBERT Chief Chief

AND AND CONTRACTS CONTRACTS -WAY -WAY RIGHTS OF OF (LEGAL) -OF DIVISION DIVISION

. . CHARLES CHARLES District District L. L. Area . . R. R. Engineer Engineer SWEET SWEET Bridge Bridge Deffebach Deffebach E. E. Southern Southern — Engineer Bridge Bridge . DOWNINfi DOWNINfi DALE DALE

District District

A. A. Engineer HOY HOY W. W.

-owned -owned

Bridges toll toll Slate

Operations — Engineer Bridgs Bridgs

1AHLSTROM 1AHLSTROM 0. 0. I. I.

District District BIRNIE BIRNIE Engineer

C. C.

A. A.

Projects Special Special — Engineer Bridge Bridge

HOLLISTER Assistant Assistant DEKEMA DEKEMA

State State JACOB JACOB

Highway Highway Engineer C. C.

1. 1.

District District Engineer HIMELHOCH HIMELHOCH L. L. A. A.

Planning — Engineer Bridge Bridge Diego District District San San XI, XI, ELLIOTi L. L. District District 4. 4. Engineer Metropolitan Metropolitan TELFORD TELFORD T. T. E. E.

Studies Special Special

—

Engineer Traffic Traffic

Angeles Los Los WEBB VII, VII, District District M. M. G. G. JOHN JOHN G. G. MEYER MEYER District District Engineer

Design

of of

Engineer Engineer

WARREN

L. L. W. W.

X, X,

District District Stockton

District District Engineer

WELCH WELCH L. L.

yy, yy,

Engineer Maintenance Maintenance

TIWNEY

L. L. E. E.

Fresno Dist.ict Dist.ict v~, v~,

C. C. A. A.

District District SHERVINGTON SHERVINGTON

Engineer

Research Research Systems Systems POTTER V. V.

R. R.

IX, IX, District District Bishop

Distri~t Distri~t Engineer

FOLEY FOLEY R. R. E. E.

Engineer Budget Budget and and Program Program PETERSON L. L. J. J. E. E.

Obispo

Buis Buis

san san DisTricf DisTricf V, V,

C. C.

V. V. KANE KANE District District

Engineer Office Office Engineer McCARTY C. C. H. H.

VII►, VII►,

San San DistricT DistricT

Bernardino Engineer Projects Projects District District Engineer County County C. C. and and GREENE GREENE r. r. City City LEDDEN T. T. C. C.

Engineer District District

AYANIAN AYANIAN

HAIG HAIG Public Public Information and and Personnel Personnel

LATHROP

H. H. SCOTT SCOTT

Engineer District District

HAYLER HAYLER R. R. A. A.

Engineer

Construction Construction

10RfiENSEN F. F. 1. 1.

~' ~'

P• P• Engineer Highway Highway State State Assistant Assistant

SINCLAIR SINCLAIR

Engineer

Research Research and and Materials Materials . HVEEM HVEEM

N. N.

F. F. Distric► Distric► Francisco saw saw fV, fV,

Engineer Traffic Traffic

HILL HILL

A. A. GEORGE GEORGE

JACK JACK COOPER, COOPER, Secretary

Sacramento

Sfafe Sfafe Engineer

Assistant Assistant Highway Highway

HART HART

S. S.

q~AN q~AN

Engineer

Planning Planning

. FUNK FUNK 1. 1. L. L.

S. S. FRANKLIN FRANKLIN los los PAYNE Angeles

Marysville District District III, III,

Planner

Urban Urban BEER G. G. C. C.

ABRAHAM ABRAHAM

KOFMAN Jose San San

District District

Engineer . . MILES MILES S. S. H. H. Engineer Equipment Equipment

BEATON L. L.

JOHN JOHN

u, u, JOHN JOHN p;sr~icr p;sr~icr Redding ERRECA Los Los Banos

Comptroller BURRILL

C. C.

1. 1.

S. S.

ROGER ROGER

WOOLLEY

San San Engineer Diego District District

HELWER HELWER

SAM SAM

Engineer Highway Highway State State

Assistant Assistant BAXTER E. E. FRANK FRANK

4 4

Eureka

Disrricr Disrricr

T. T. ARTHUR ARTHUR

LUDDY Sacramento Engineer Highway Highway State State Assistant Assistant LANGSNER GEO. GEO.

Chief Assistant Assistant

ZEEMAN ZEEMAN T. T. 1ACQUES 1ACQUES

San San Engineer Highway Highway Bernardino

Stale Stale

Assistant Assistant

McMAHON

E. E. 1. 1.

Chief

Assistant Assistant

PIANEZZI PIANEZZI

. .

1. 1. S. S. R. R.

GUTHRIE A. A. JAMES JAMES

Vice Vice Chairman Engineer Highway Highway State State Assistant Assistant GILLIS R. R.

IYMAN IYMAN

Lhief

Assistant Assistant

O'BIER O'BIER E. E. RAY RAY

Director of of Engineer Highway Highway Public Public State State Works Deputy Deputy LEGARRA A. A. 1. 1. Chief Assistant Assistant MacBRIDE MacBRIDE D. D.

DEXTER DEXTER

B. B.

ROBERT ROBERT BRADFORD and Chairman Chairman Engineer Sfafe Sfafe Way Way -of -of Highway Highway Right Agent Chief Chief . . Deputy Deputy HESS HESS MURPHY RUDOLF RUDOLF P. P. 1. 1.

-way -of Right Engineer Stafe Stafe Highway Highway Deputy Deputy . WAITE WAITE E. E. CHAS. CHAS. HIGHWAY HIGHWAY COMMISSION

of of Chief Chief Division Engineer, Engineer, State State Highway Highway CALIFORNIA WOMACK WOMACK C. C. 1. 1.

HlGNV1lAYS OF OF DIVISION DIVISION

ALAN ALAN S. S. WHITE WHITE Director Director Assistant Assistant Departmental Departmental H. H. Personnel Personnel JOHN JOHN STANFORD STANFORD Officer Director Director (Planning) (Planning) Deputy Deputy FREEMAN FREEMAN D. D. HARRY HARRY

JUSTIN JUSTIN DuCRAY DuCRAY Departmental Departmental Director Director Assistant Assistant . . BAGSHAW BAGSHAW F. F. Management Management T. T. Analyst (Management) (Management) Director Director Deputy Deputy . . GOONEY GOONEY 1. 1. RUSSELL RUSSELL

Director Deputy Deputy . . Chief Chief CHAMBERS CHAMBERS A. A. FRANK FRANK

BRADFORD, BRADFORD, B. B. ROBERT ROBERT Director WORKS WORKS OF OF PUBLIC PUBLIC DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT

Administrator ROBERT ROBERT BRADFORD BRADFORD B. B.

AGENCY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION HIGHWAY HIGHWAY

G. G. Governor BROWN, BROWN, EDMUND EDMUND

FORN FORN IA OF OF GALI GALI STATE STATE The Drinking Driver and TraFFic Accidents CHP Commissioner Comments on the Problem January 30, 1963 W. CLIFFORD HARVEY Automobile Editor The Chvistian Science Monitor One Norway Street Boston 15, Massachusetts DEax MR. HARVEY: At Mr. Womack's request, I am tion, whether the driver or drivers involved lead been replying to your letter to him as State Highway Engineer drinking. Of course, if a driver is deemed by the investi- in which you posed several questions regarding the role aating officer to be under the influence of alcohol this is of the drinking driver in traffic accidents. in California. recorded as the primary cause of the accident. Of the Inasmuch as our tabulation of 1962 statistics is not com- 2,813 drivers deemed to have violated the Vehicle Code plete Iwill use 1961 figures in commenting upon Cali- and thus caused a fatal accident, 122 were charged with fornia's experience. Our records for 1961 (and the figures being under the influence of alcohol. Speeding violations do not change much from year to year) show that 20.7 were charged in 1,251 fatal accidents. percent of all fatal and injury accidents in California I do not believe that the drinking driver problem is involved the "had been drinking" factor. Fatal and injury generally out of hand. Neither do I believe we are very accidents that year totalled 108,999, of which 22,568 in- near to its solution. As long as drinking of alcoholic bev- volved drinking. It is possible, as you said, that this figure erages is an accepted social behavior we will continue to might be higher if the liquor factor could be more easily have the problem of the drinking driver. I see no prospect detected. of the American people adopting a different attitude toward drinking, but I hope some day they will demand I certainly concur with the thought that the average that the person who takes a life or drinking driver thinks his ability to drive safely has not causes serious injury been affected. because he was involved in an accident while under the influence of alcohol pay a penalty that is appropriate to California law enforcement agencies, in my opinion, the crime. recognize their responsibility in this problem. We attempt to meet it with vigorous enforcement and continuing edu- Cordially, cational activity. I cannot agree that in California we charge accidents to other violations when, in fact, drinking is the underlying cause. In our investigation of accidents we state the BRADFORD M. CRITTENDEN Commissioner violation that was the proximate cause and record, in addi- California Highway Patrol