Vancouver Georgia and Dunsmuir Viaducts Study
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Summary Report: VVaannccoouuvveerr GGeeoorrggiiaa aanndd DDuunnssmmuuiirr VViiaadduuccttss SSttuuddyy September 2011 Halcrow Consulting Inc Suite 601 – 1155 West Pender, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 2P4 Canada Tel +1 (604) 293-2882 Fax +1 (604) 293-2892 www.halcrow.com Halcrow Consulting Inc has prepared this report in accordance with the instructions of their client, City of Vancouver, for their sole and specific use. Any other persons who use any information contained herein do so at their own risk. © Halcrow Group Limited 2011 City of Vancouver Viaducts Study September 2011 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................................... ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................... iii SECTION ONE – INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................12 1.1 Background..........................................................................................................12 1.2 Study Area...........................................................................................................18 1.2 Study Objectives..................................................................................................19 1.3 Report Outline......................................................................................................20 SECTION TWO – CURRENT TRAVEL PATTERNS & TRENDS........................................21 2.1 Auto Trips ............................................................................................................21 2.2 Transit Trips.........................................................................................................31 2.3 Walk and Bike Trips.............................................................................................37 SECTION THREE – FUTURE TRAFFIC.............................................................................44 3.1 Model Update ......................................................................................................44 3.2 Model Validation ..................................................................................................48 3.3 Future Base Case................................................................................................55 SECTION FOUR – POTENTIAL FOR DIVERSION ............................................................61 4.1 20% Removal ......................................................................................................61 4.2 50% Removal ......................................................................................................65 4.3 100% Removal ....................................................................................................74 SECTION FIVE – TRANSPORTATION IMPACTS & MEASURES .....................................80 5.1 Transportation Impacts ........................................................................................80 5.2 Possible Mitigation Measures ..............................................................................83 SECTION SIX – SOILS EVALUATION ...............................................................................86 SECTION SEVEN – STRUCTURAL EVALUATION ...........................................................87 SECTION EIGHT – SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ..................................................................89 Page i City of Vancouver Viaducts Study September 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Georgia and Dunsmuir Viaducts Study was sponsored by the City of Vancouver. This report was produced with valuable input and guidance from members of the Strategic Transportation Planning Branch and others including the following: City of Vancouver Jerry Dobrovolny, Director of Transportation Steve Brown, Project Manager Lon Laclaire, Manager, Strategic Transportation Planning Dale Bracewell, Manager, Active Transportation Carol Yee, Transportation Planning Engineer Dane Doleman, Structures Engineer This study was led by Halcrow Consulting with project partners including Creative Transportation Solutions, Golder Associates and Infinity Engineering. The following consultants were engaged to execute this study: Halcrow Consulting (Transportation Planning & Modelling) Dave Turner, Director, Transportation Practice Basse Clement, Project Manager Stella Chow, Senior Transportation Engineer Nai Chiu Chan, Transportation Engineer Elham Boozarjomehri, Transportation Engineer Desmond Bliek, Transportation Planner Creative Transportation Solutions (Traffic Data Collection) Jan Voss, President Robert Cheung, Traffic Engineer Golder Associates (Soils Assessment) Jim Laidlaw, Senior Project Engineer/Associate Nicky Jennings, Geo-Environmental Scientist Infinity Engineering (Structural Assessment) Dr. Matthias Schueller, Senior Structural Engineer Arndt Becker, Structural Engineer Morgan Trowland, Structural Engineer Page i City of Vancouver Viaducts Study September 2011 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The following Executive Summary is an excerpt from the City of Vancouver Administrative Report: “Viaducts and False Creek Flats Planning: Eastern Core Strategy”, Standing Committee on Transportation and Traffic, July 26, 2011. The first Georgia viaduct, completed in 1915, was built to connect the eastern part of the City to the Downtown core. The railway yards and industrial area below created a barrier and the viaduct created a way to remove this barrier with a relatively flat connection to the bluff of the downtown. Due to structural problems and ongoing maintenance issues, Vancouver residents voted to replace the viaduct in the 60’s with a design that included two structures and continued to pass over the industrial lands of Northeast False Creek below. This viaduct design was based on it becoming the first phase of a larger freeway network that was planned. In the late 1960s opposition led to the rejection of the freeway plan for Vancouver and today the only remnant of the freeway proposal is the eastern portion of the viaducts. Today the area around the viaducts has a much different context than when they were built. The railway yards have been removed and the industrial areas are no longer present. They still provide a gently sloping east/west connection from Main Street to the downtown which provides a good connection for bikes and goods movement that is not present otherwise in this area, however they create a barrier for the area below and for linkages between Chinatown, Gastown and Strathcona to False Creek. Planning is currently underway for the Northeast False creek area and an update of the City’s Transportation plan is in the early stages of consultation. It is important to develop a vision for this area that fits with the new context and develops a vision for the Georgia and Dunsmuir viaducts so that they can be incorporated into these plans. In order to progress towards this vision, Council endorsed a two phased approach. The first phase would examine the transportation impacts of removing some or all of the viaducts and determine if there were any transportation reasons why the viaducts should not be modified in some form. If there are no transportation “show stoppers” then phase two would examine the land use and configuration scenarios. This report provides an overview of the phase one analysis. Georgia and Dunsmuir Viaducts Assessment Phase one of the study is intended to assess the transportation impacts on transportation capacity through removal of some or all of the viaducts structures and what conditions would need to be in place to accommodate various capacity reduction scenarios. This phase did not involve any consultation with residents or stakeholders. Staff retained Halcrow Consulting through a competitive bidding process to undertake the technical studies for this project, and Halcrow subsequently retained two sub-consultants to undertake soils and structural reviews. Preliminary reports from these consultants are now being finalized. Page i City of Vancouver Viaducts Study September 2011 Transportation Review A data collection program was undertaken as part of the transportation review to get a better understanding of the traffic characteristics of the Georgia and Dunsmuir viaducts. A summary is provided below. Current Traffic Characteristics The Georgia and Dunsmuir viaducts are not currently heavily used by pedestrians, but with the addition of the separated bike facility there are approximately 2,000 cyclist trips using the Dunsmuir viaduct bike lane on a peak summer day. A survey of cyclists and pedestrians using the viaducts indicates that most cyclists and pedestrians are travelling between Downtown and the neighbourhoods just east of the viaducts, namely Strathcona and Grandview-Woodland. There are no transit services currently on the viaducts; however, the Expo SkyTrain Line runs adjacent to the western ends of the structures. There are approximately 160 heavy trucks (truck with three or more axels) and 800 light trucks (Cube van with two axles) that use the Georgia and Dunsmuir viaducts on a daily basis. The number of light trucks has remained relatively constant since 1996, but the number of heavy trucks has dropped by approximately 50%. Combined, the viaducts carry approximately 43,000 vehicles per day, with over 44% of these originating from the eastern half of Vancouver. The distribution of origins for vehicle traffic using the Dunsmuir viaduct during the AM peak period is provided in Figures E1 and E2 below.