How Forests Think
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12.2% 126,000 145M Top 1% 154 5,100
We are IntechOpen, the world’s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 5,100 126,000 145M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our authors are among the 154 TOP 1% 12.2% Countries delivered to most cited scientists Contributors from top 500 universities Selection of our books indexed in the Book Citation Index in Web of Science™ Core Collection (BKCI) Interested in publishing with us? Contact [email protected] Numbers displayed above are based on latest data collected. For more information visit www.intechopen.com Chapter Social Changes in the Peruvian Amazon Due to Foreign Influence Zoran Stiperski and Tomica Hruška Abstract The prehistoric Amazon had low numbers of hunter-gatherers due to poor soil and harsh landscape conditions, due to which it was not able to support advanced cultures. The arrival of Christian missionaries, oil companies, and farmers changed the lifestyle of a specific portion of the population, although some indigenous groups still avoid contact with the outside world. Missionaries stimulated changes in the indigenous medical-religious-political systems. In the Peruvian Amazon, the local government is too weak to carry out the usual functions of the state, and therefore oil companies have replaced the state in terms of various functions such as employment, building wells for the drinking water, healthcare, donation of electric generators, and aircraft transport of local indigenous authorities to meetings in Iquitos or Lima. The policies of the national government are turning the Peruvian Amazon into a productive area and are exploiting its natural raw materials. -
The Changing Understanding of the Huaorani Shaman's
Aleksandra Wierucka: The changing understanding of the Huaorani shaman’s art The changing understanding of the Huaorani shaman’s art Aleksandra Wierucka University of Gdansk, [email protected] Abstract The Huaorani live in the Ecuadorian part of the Amazon region. Their culture differs from others of the region in many aspects; in recent decades, it has been affected by changes that were inevitable after their official contact with Western culture in 1958. Drawing on fieldwork with an Ecuadorian Huaorani clan, this paper explores some difficulties in understanding the shaman’s practices in this small scale society. The argument is that the accounts given by the researchers during last fifty years differ from each other, and that this makes almost impossible to talk about “traditional” and “contemporary” Huaorani shamanism at present. KEYWORDS: indigenous shamanism, Amazonian culture, Huaorani Introduction Today, the meaning of the word shamanism depends on who is using the term. There are almost as many varieties of the term as there are researchers. Some of them would agree that traditional shamanism still requires research, as it is still not easy to comprehend. It is possible that in the case of traditional shamanism we should be talking about shamanisms, as they change and differ from each other. Methodology This paper explores the art of the shaman from a small community of the Huaorani1 tribe that lives in the eastern part of Ecuador. It is based on data collected during fieldwork conducted in the Huaorani group between 2007 and 2012, and on scientific literature. The data was verified by anthropological interviews and by participant as well as non- participant observations that were in turn extended by information collected from local informants and cultural experts. -
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 Version Available for Download From
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 version Available for download from http://www.ramsar.org/ris/key_ris_index.htm. Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Notes for compilers: 1. The RIS should be completed in accordance with the attached Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for completing the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands. Compilers are strongly advised to read this guidance before filling in the RIS. 2. Further information and guidance in support of Ramsar site designations are provided in the Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Wise Use Handbook 14, 3rd edition). A 4th edition of the Handbook is in preparation and will be available in 2009. 3. Once completed, the RIS (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Ramsar Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the RIS and, where possible, digital copies of all maps. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. DD MM YY Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro - Bióloga - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) Designation date Site Reference Number 99136-0940. Antonio Lisboa - Geógrafo - MSc. Biogeografia - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) 99137-1192. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade - ICMBio Rua Alfredo Cruz, 283, Centro, Boa Vista -RR. CEP: 69.301-140 2. -
Lessons from the Chevron Ecuador Litigation: the Proposed Intervenors’ Perspective
KIMERLING_FINAL_VOL.1.2.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 10/14/13 6:46 PM LESSONS FROM THE CHEVRON ECUADOR LITIGATION: THE PROPOSED INTERVENORS’ PERSPECTIVE Judith Kimerling* INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 241 I. APPLICATION OF THE FORUM NON CONVENIENS DOCTRINE BY THE AGUINDA V. TEXACO COURT .............................................................................. 245 II. THE HUAORANI AND TEXACO ........................................................................... 261 III. THE LAGO AGRIO LAWSUIT AND RELATED LITIGATION ................................... 271 CONCLUSION AND LESSONS LEARNED ................................................................... 291 INTRODUCTION This symposium provides a welcome opportunity for scholars and practitioners with a wide range of perspectives to examine issues raised by the increasingly complex litigation related to Texaco’s oil extraction operations in the Amazon Rainforest in Ecuador. I have worked in the affected region since 1989, and my original research was the basis for the environmental allegations in the initial class action lawsuit that launched the ongoing litigation that has come to be known as “the Chevron-Ecuador Litigation.” That lawsuit, Aguinda v. Texaco, Inc., was filed in federal court in New York in 1993, and asserted claims on behalf of Indigenous and settler residents who have been harmed by pollution from Texaco’s Ecuador operations. I was not involved in bringing either that case or the subsequent -
Guide to Indigenous Peoples' Rights in the Inter-American Human
1 2 GUIDE TO INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS IN THE INTER-AMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEM Fergus MacKay IWGIA Copenhagen 2002 3 GUIDE TO INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS IN THE INTER-AMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEM © Copyright: The Forest Peoples Programme (FPP) and the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA) Author: Fergus MacKay Editor: Lola García Alix Translation from English: Mario Di Lucci Cover and layout: Jorge Monrás Prepress and print: Eks-Skolens Trykkeri aps Copenhagen, Denmark ISBN: 87-90730-59-3 ISSN: 0105-4503 THE FOREST PEOPLES PROGRAMME (FPP) 1c Fosseway Business Centre - Strattford Road Moreton-in-Marsh, GL56 9NQ, England Tel: (+44) 1608 652983 - Fax: (+44) 1698 652878 E-mail: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - CopenhageN, Denmark Tel: (+45) 35 27 05 00 - Fax: (+45) 35 27 05 07 E-mail: [email protected] - www.iwgia.org 4 This guide has been produced with financial support from The Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs 5 CONTENT Summary .............................................................................. Introduction .......................................................................... Chapter I The Organization of American States and Human Rights ............................................................. Chapter II Rights protected by Inter-American human rights instruments .................................................. A. Articles 1 and 2 of the American Convention...................... B. Other international instruments .......................................... -
CINCHONIA Herbario
CINCHONIA Volumen 4 Número 1 Noviembre 2003 CINCHONIA es una revista del Herbario "Alfredo Paredes" QAP de la Escuela de Biología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Su nombre ha sido tomado del género Cinchona de la familia Rubiaceae. El género Cinchona en el Ecuador, tiene 12 especies: Cinchona barba- coensis, C. capulí. C. lancifolia. C. lucumifolia. C. macrocalyx. C. mulisii. C. officinalis. C. parabólica. C. pitayensis. C. pubescens. C. rugosa y C. villosa. son conocidas como: “Casca rilla roja. Capulí. Crespilla. Quina. Quinina. Cinchona. Planta de la humanidad. Arbol de la vi da", estos árboles se distribuyen en la cordillera occidental y oriental de los Andes ecuatoria nos entre altitudes de 1.500-3.000 m. Una de las cascarillas fue descrita como Cinchona offi cinalis por Carlos Linné en 1749 en su obra GENERA PLANTARUM y debido a su gran be neficio prestado a la humanidad como medicina para el tratamiento del paludismo y la mala ria en I93h fue nombrada a la especie Cinchona pubescens como Planto Nacional del licúa- ilor. EDITORES Carlos E. Cerón & Consuelo Montalvo A. PORTADA Cinchona pubescens Vahl (Rubiaceae). C E. Cerón. 2000. CINCHONIA. publica resultados de investigaciones realizadas en temáticas como diversidad, composición floristica y clnobotánica de las especies vegetales del Ecuador, realizadas por los miembros de la institución o personas relacionadas con la misma. CINCHONIA. es una publicación anual, se acepta canje por publicaciones similares. Cada ejemplar tiene un como de 10 USD. CINCHONIA. Herbario “Alfredo Paredes" QAP. Escuela de Biología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador Ap Postal 17.01.2177. -
In the Nexus Between People and Rainforest
In the Nexus Between People and Rainforest An anthropological study of conservation projects and indigenous people in Ecuadorian Amazon Monica Husum Nilsen Master Thesis Department of Social Anthropology THE UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Spring 2012 ii In the Nexus Between People and Rainforest - an Anthropological Study of Conservation Projects and Indigenous People in Ecuadorian Amazon Monica Husum Nilsen iii © Monica Husum Nilsen 2012 In the Nexus Between People and Rainforest: an anthropological study of conservation projects and indigenous people in Ecuadorian Amazon Monica Husum Nilsen http://www.duo.uio.no/ Print: Oslo Kopisten AS iv Abstract This thesis is based on a multisited fieldwork in Ecuador, January-June 2011. Ecuador is preparing for REDD, a UN- project to reduce emissions from deforestation, but already conducts forest conservation in many places through PSB. These programs may have a major impact on the target groups, who are often indigenous peoples. The focus is on the dilemmas taking place in the nexus between the people of the rainforest and the people from the outside promoting conservation of the rainforest. Experiences from two different indigenous villages, one Secoya and one Shuar in the Amazon, tell a story of suppression, social change, unstable relationships and discrimination, but also glimpses of hope, strategic actions and choices coming from agency and empowerment. In the process of participation in such projects they are faced with problems of limited information, hastily made decisions and conflicting interests and opinions among the villagers. The money they will receive by joining is a great temptation, but the restrictions in self- determination of land-use implied have consequences. -
Gringos in the Mist : a Naturalist Journey Through Ecuador
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1992 Gringos in the mist : a naturalist journey through Ecuador Greg Gordon The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Gordon, Greg, "Gringos in the mist : a naturalist journey through Ecuador" (1992). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7339. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7339 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY Copying allowed as provided under provisions of the Fair Use Section of the U.S. COPYRIGHT LAW, 1976. Any copying for commercial purposes or financM gain may be undertoken only with the author’s written consent. MontanaUniversity of Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. GRINGOS IN THE HIST: A NATURALIST JOURNEY THROUGH ECUADOR By Greg Gordon B.A., University of Colorado, 1986 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science University of Montana 1992 Approved by, ■ " r // Chai rman Dean, Graduate School Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: EP38140 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
Amazon River Adventure, March 4 to 18, 2019 Trip Report by Fiona A. Reid
Amazon River Adventure, March 4 to 18, 2019 Trip Report by Fiona A. Reid Reflections, Ross Baker Participants: Evita Caune, Lynne Hertzog, Steve Pequignot, Dawn Hannay, Gwen Brewer, George Jett, Sam and Anne Crothers, Ross Baker, Lynn Whitfield, Nancy Polydys, Jerry Friis, Lucy Mason, Margo Selleck, JoEllen Arnold, Lorysa Cornish Leaders: Fiona Reid, James Adams, Moacir Fortes Jr., Ramiro Melinski March 4 We arrived in Manaus near midnight and had a short transfer direct to the LV Dorinha. We set sail at 1:30 a.m. Dorinha, Ross Baker March 5 We woke up in Janauari Lake in the Paracuuba Channel. Here we boarded canoes that took us to Xiboreninha. We saw many water birds, but the most interesting swimmer was a Southern Tamandua that made its way to dry land and up a tree. It shook and scratched itself repeatedly, perhaps to dislodge ants or termites from its fur. We also saw our first Brown-throated Three-toed Sloths and Proboscis Bats. Later we sailed upstream to a place called Anrá (pronounced uh-ha). We enjoyed views of a number of pretty icterids: Troupial, Yellow-hooded and Oriole Blackbirds, and the ubiquitous Yellow-rumped Cacique. We also saw 5 species of woodpecker and 7 species of parrot. A number of raptors were seen, including the Slate-colored Hawk. We sailed on to Janauacá Lake where we had a night trip at a place called Miuá. We saw Tropical Screech Owl, our first of many Amazon Tree Boas, and watched Lesser and Greater Fishing Bats feeding over the water. Frog diversity was good here too. -
How Forests Think
HOW FORESTS THINK 99780520276109_PRINT.indd780520276109_PRINT.indd i 224/06/134/06/13 88:16:16 AAMM This page intentionally left blank HOW FORESTS THINK toward an anthropology beyond the human Eduardo Kohn university of california press Berkeley Los Angeles London 99780520276109_PRINT.indd780520276109_PRINT.indd iiiiii 224/06/134/06/13 88:16:16 AAMM University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2013 by Th e Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kohn, Eduardo. How forests think : toward an anthropology beyond the human / Eduardo Kohn. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-520-27610-9 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-520-27611-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Quichua Indians. 2. Quechua Indians—Social life and customs. 3. Quechua mythology. 4. Indigenous peoples—Ecology—Amazon River Region. 5. Human- animal relationships—Amazon River Region. 6. Human- plant relationships—Amazon River Region. 7. Philosophy of nature—Amazon River Region. 8. Semiotics—Amazon River Region. 9. Social sciences—Amazon River Region— Philosophy. I. Title F2230.2.K4+ 986.6—dc23 2013003750 Manufactured in the United States of America 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 In keeping with a commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Natures Natural, a fi ber that contains 30 post-consumer waste and meets the minimum requirements of ansi/niso z39.48–1992 (r 1997) (Permanence of Paper). -
Peru: Manu Biosphere Reserve September 3–18, 2019
PERU: MANU BIOSPHERE RESERVE SEPTEMBER 3–18, 2019 Red-and-green Macaw. Ara chloropterus. Photo: D. Ascanio. LEADERS: DAVID ASCANIO & PERCY AVENDAÑO LIST COMPILED BY: DAVID ASCANIO VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM PERU: MANU BIOSPHERE RESERVE SEPTEMBER 3–18, 2019 By David Ascanio Photo album: https://flic.kr/s/aHsmHnbkJg When I started writing the Field Report for this amazing tour, I was on my flight back home. And, as I was enjoying the view from the plane’s window, I was wondering how to start an introductory paragraph highlighting the best experiences and birds of our Manu Biosphere Reserve tour. I found it to be a difficult task, not only because we came across an impressive number of habitats, but also because we saw so many wonderful birds! As I was still on that international flight, it didn’t take me long to figure out that I should, instead, divide this Field Report into four major areas and describe the amazing experiences and wonderful birds we enjoyed in each one. With that in mind, here we go! THE HIGH ANDES – PUNA Once we landed in Cusco, and after a wonderful breakfast, our tour started in the Huarcapay Lagoon, where 3 individuals of the rarely encountered Chilean Flamingo were observed. Here, we also saw Puna, Yellow-billed and Cinnamon teals, Spot-winged Pigeon, a vocal Plumbeous Rail, the beautiful White-tufted Grebe, several Andean Gulls, the secretive Rusty-fronted Canastero (endemic to Peru), and the Rufous-naped Ground-Tyrant, which is easily camouflaged by its gravel color. -
Amazon Cruise - Primates & Parrots Systematic List 1 – 17 May 2018 Text by Chris Collins with Assistance from Regina Ribeiro
Amazon Cruise - Primates & Parrots Systematic List 1 – 17 May 2018 Text by Chris Collins with assistance from Regina Ribeiro. Photos by Chris Collins except where indicated. The taxonomy and English names used in this systematic list for the birds generally follows the recommendations of the IOC’s World Bird List with revisions made where an alternative name/taxonomy is considered more appropriate. For mammals, we have largely adopted the treatment proposed in the Handbook of Mammals of the World series by Lynx Editions, although again a few minor changes have been made. The systematic list includes all species seen by at least two people during the extension to Uacari Lodge (1-4 May), the Dolphin Swim excursion (5 May) and the expedition on Iracema (6-17 May). The species listed are based on the nightly logs held both on the extension and whilst on Iracema. MAMMALS Brown-eared Opossum Caluromys lanatus Also sometimes known as the Western Woolly Opossum, two were seen on one of our night trips at Uacari Lodge (3 May) with the same number logged five days later during the night excursion at Laguinho Channel Channel, near the small town of Nova Olinda do Norte on the eastern bank of the Madeira River. Northern Black-eared Opossum Didelphis marsupialis One was found on 3 May whilst on the night time canoe trip at Uacari Lodge. Pale-throated Sloth Bradypus tridactylus A single individual was seen in the grounds of the Tropical Hotel, Manaus on 6 May. Three-toed (Brown-throated) Sloth Bradypus variegatus By far the commonest sloth species on the trip and recorded on seven dates during the main tour and extension, with the highest count being on our night excursion at Xiboraninha (6 May) where at least eighteen were seen.