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Two-Dimensional Hydraulic Model of Folsom Dam

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Two-Dimensional Hydraulic Model of Folsom Dam Michael Pantell, E.I.T. Peterson Brustad Inc. • Model Folsom Dam Flood Scenarios • During Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) • Varying Folsom Dam Outflows • Multiple Breach Locations and Methods • Results • Floodplain Depths • Mortality • Property Damage • Why? • Information not Available to public • To Obtain Masters Degree Built in 1956 Owned by USBR Storage Approx. 1 Mil Ac-ft 12 structures Concrete Main dam Earthen 2 Wing Dams 1 Auxiliary Dam Reference: USBR “Folsom Dam Facility Map” 8 Dikes Sacramento Folsom River Reservoir Sacramento American River Probable Maximum Flood American River 1000000 900000 Peak ≈ 900,000 cfs Basin 800000 700000 PMF 600000 ) cfs Developed by 500000 Flow ( USACE 400000 300000 Project Design 200000 Flood 100000 0 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 156 168 180 192 Approx. 25,000 Time (hours) year event Auxiliary Spillway Powerhouse Folsom Dam Flow = 6900 cfs 8 Tainter Gates 5- Main 3- Emergency Auxiliary Spillway Designed to PMF event Dam Outflow 500 PMF Event 490 Overtopping 480 Elevation 470 460 450 440 430 420 410 400 Elevation (NAVD88 feet) Elevation 390 380 370 360 350 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 350000 400000 450000 500000 550000 600000 650000 700000 750000 800000 850000 900000 950000 1000000 Outflow (CFS) Without Spillway With Spillway Mechanisms Overtopping Piping Earthquake Etc Right Wing Dam Northern Breach Mormon Auxiliary Dam Southern Breach Tallest and longest earthen structures North Earthen structure South Earthen structure LargerMacDonald Breach Von Thun = Longer & MacDonald Formation Von TimeThun & ∝ MacDonald, et. al.et. al. Gillette et. al. Gillette Large Breach Width Long- ft Formation3047 Time 374 3916 331 Von Thun & Gillete Height Small- ft Breach 47 47 76 76 Short Formation Time Formation 4.4 0.8 4.1 0.7 Time (hrs) HEC RAS 5.0 2D Mesh 150 m x 150 m Terrain CVFED 1 m resolution Manning’s n Based on CVFED Land Use Jonkman et. al. Jonkman et. al. 1 Breach Zone 0.9 ) D = 1 0.8 0.7 Rapidly Rising/ Remaining Zones 0.6 ℎ ln 0.5 = 0.4 0.3 ℎ − 0.2 ℎ Φ Mortality Mortality Fraction (F 0.1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Depth (m) Remaining Zone Rapidly Rising Zone Central Valley Flood Protection Plan 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 Property Damage (%) 30 20 10 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Depth (ft) 1-story 2-story Split-Level Average Lacking Bathymetric Data Downstream Boundary Condition California Delta Other Rivers Sacramento River Yolo Bypass Not a Comprehensive Floodplain Levees Remain Intact Probable Maximum Flood Without Auxiliary With Auxiliary Spillway Spillway Northern Southern Breach Breach MacDonald Von Thun & MacDonald Von Thun & Gillette Gillette No Breach Floodplain Depth No Breach (Feet) < 3.3 3.3 - 6.6 6.6 - 9.8 9.8 - 13.1 > 13.1 Floodplain Depth Northern Failure (Feet) < 3.3 3.3 - 6.6 6.6 - 9.8 9.8 - 13.1 > 13.1 Floodplain Depth Southern Failure (Feet) < 3.3 3.3 - 6.6 6.6 - 9.8 9.8 - 13.1 > 13.1 Does Not Take Evacuation Into Account Mortality No Breach % Mort. of People Remaining Does Not Take Evacuation Into Account Mortality North Breach % Mort. of People Remaining Does Not Take Evacuation Into Account Mortality South Breach % Mort. of People Remaining Property Damage No Breach Property Damage North Breach Property Damage South Breach Flooding Without Breach Varying Flood Paths High Mortality and Property Damage American River Pocket Natomas .
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