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Systematics & Biodiversity Systematics & Biodiversity (IV) 13:30 - 15:15 Wednesday, 14th August, 2019 Think 4 Room 13:30 - 13:45 WED 26 The mycoflora of Mexico Ricardo Garcia-Sandoval1, Martha A. Reséndis-López2, Gala A. Viurcos-Martínez2,3, Mariana Del Olmo-Ruiz1, Diana R. Hernández-Robles2 1Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico. 2CONABIO, Mexico City, Mexico. 3Instituto de Biologia, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico Abstract Mexico may have up to 200,000 species of fungi. However in the national catalog of fungi, assembled ca. ten years ago by the Comisión Nacional Para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO), a Mexican government agency, only 2,300 species were recorded. A preliminary check-list for North American nonlichenized fungi, assembled with specimens data from fungaria located in Canada, United States and Mexico, reported up to 5,000 species in Mexico. This list had a number of caveats regarding orthographic errors, unsolved synonyms, and in its current version, it does not provide information regarding distribution or details on classification. In order to provide a comprehensive catalog of fungi from Mexico, we assembled a database of 8,882 records of 6,359 taxa, including 6,010 species and 349 taxa below species rank. Specimens records were retrieved from the database of the National System of Biodiversity Information (SNIB in spanish), hosted and maintained by CONABIO, and from peer-reviewed publications, and other relevant bibliographic sources. The results indicate that Basidiomycota accounts for 57.8% of the species, and Ascomycota represents 38.2%. In contrast, 53.6% of the 297 families known from Mexico belong to Ascomycota, and 38.7% to Basidiomycota. Veracruz (at the Gulf of Mexico) is the state with the highest number of species recorded (1144). Since 1970 mycological knowledge has increased rapidly in Mexico, with an impasse between 1982 and 1997, probably related with the economic crisis over that period. 13:45 - 14:00 WED 27 Allodus prostii comb. nov., causal agent of tulip rust Sadiq Ullah1, Mehrdad Abbasi2, Abdul Nasir Khalid3, Aamna Ishaq3, Muhammad Fiaz1, Mary Catherine Aime4 1Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan. 2Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of. 3University Of The Punjab Quaid-E-Azam Campus Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. 4Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA , Indiana, USA Abstract During surveys of the rust fungal flora in Pakistan samples of Puccinia prostii infecting Tulipa clusiana were collected for study. Our phylogenetic and morphological analyses showed that this taxon is congeneric with the genus Allodus. On the basis of these results the new combination, Allodus prostii comb. nov. is proposed and the species is fully described and illustrated. Members of the genus Allodus may now be distinguished from Puccinia species by the lack of a uredinial state, production of conspicuous spines on the teliospores, and autoecious life cycle. 14:00 - 14:15 WED 28 Development of a machine learning-based mushroom app for real-time image classification Euiwon Bae, Syed Muddabir, M. Catherine Aime Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA Abstract Of the thousands of mushroom species in North America, many are highly prized edibles, and a few are poisonous. Most mushroom poisonings stem from misidentification and consumption of a toxic mushroom mistakenly believed to be edible. Accurate mushroom field identifications rely on several morphological traits to discriminate between taxa, and on an understanding of how mushroom growth and development changes through time, climates, and environments. Here we report the development of a machine learning-based mushroom classification app called Purdue University Mushroom App (PUMA). We used Google’s tensorflow for poets version 2 to develop the standalone app. First, the identity of hundreds of images available on the internet of different angles and developmental stages for each genus were verified. These images were then fed into tensor flow training and resulted in classification models called graphs. These graphs were then transported into mobile handsets and images from the camera view finder were classified in real time. As a proof-of-principle, our app was trained on a dataset of Gyromitra and Morchella species, and then tested. For initial tests, 20 known images that were not used in training session were challenged against the app. The app returned the correct diagnosis of Gyromitra in all test cases (100% sensitivity, and 90% specificity), and a correct diagnosis of Morchella in all but one test cases (90% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Our next step will be expanding our database into other common genera such as Amanaita, Agaricus, Tricholoma, and Canthralellus. 14:15 - 14:30 WED 29 The Rice Blast Fungus and Allied Species: A Monograph of the Fungal Order Magnaporthales Jing Luo, Ning Zhang Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA Abstract Magnaporthales (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) includes economically and scientifically important cereal and grass pathogens, such as the rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae), the take-all root rot pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis, and the turfgrass summer patch pathogen Magnaporthiopsis poae, as well as endophytes and saprotrophs. We recently created and released an e-monograph website of Magnaporthales via Rutgers University (https://magnaporthales.sebs.rutgers.edu). All accepted species names in Magnaporthales are included. On the basis of literature and specimen examination, species description, diagnostic illustration, type designation, host range, geographical distribution, and literature are provided for representative taxa, especially the type species for each genus. Genbank sequence accession numbers of eight genes including ITS, 18S, 28S, ACT, CAL, MCM7, RPB1, and TEF1 also are provided in the e-monograph. Genomic sequences of 24 representative taxa are hyperlinked to the genome databases in FunGI (http://dblab.rutgers.edu/FunGI/index.php) and the Broad Institute (ftp://ftp.broadinstitute.org/pub/annotation/fungi/magnaporthe/genomes). Four dichotomous keys to three families and 32 genera, and keys to species of three genera are provided. Our website is searchable, and links species name to related data and other information. The Magnaporthales e-monograph provides free access on updated taxonomic, biogeography and molecular data to researchers and the broader user communities worldwide, which will facilitate their work on systematics, biodiversity, evolution, genetics, plant protection and quarantine. 14:30 - 14:45 WED 30 Target capture of ultraconserved elements from four classes of lichenized Ascomycota – targeting the fungal symbionts for phylogenomic inference Vinson P. Doyle1, James C. Lendemer2, Brant C. Faircloth3 1Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, USA. 2New York Botanical Garden, New York, USA. 3Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA Abstract Variation in phylogenetic signal for a given locus across the Ascomycota is likely driven by the long evolutionary history of the phylum, spanning several hundred million years. This disparity in phylogenetic signal has led to a patchwork of markers being employed for resolving relationships across the Ascomycota and limiting the combinability of data from independent studies. This is, in part, being addressed by large- scale genome sequencing projects, like JGI’s 1K Fungal Genomes Project. However, the scale and scope of diversity in the Ascomycota means that alternative approaches will be required to harness the power of genomics to provide insight into evolutionary relationships for both deep- and shallow-scale studies. We designed a set of sequence capture probes to target over 1800 ultraconserved loci (UCEs) across the Ascomycota. In order to assess the utility of these probe sets for collecting phylogenomic data from divergent taxa, we sampled lichen species sharing a MRCA approximately 300 mya and representing 4 classes, 15 orders, 33 families, and 56 genera, including 6 congeners and 2 conspecifics. We captured 1650 loci with a range of 31 to 824 (mean of 434) per sample. We also extracted orthologous loci from publicly available genome sequences representing all major lineages within the Ascomycota. The resulting phylogeny is strongly supported at most nodes and is consistent with phylogenies estimated from smaller multi-locus datasets. These results illustrate the reliability of the phylogenetic information contained in ascomycete UCEs and represent a novel approach towards collecting genomic data from a community of symbionts. 14:45 - 15:00 WED 31 Xylariales of the Boston Harbor Islands Roo Vandegrift University of Oregon, Eugene, USA Abstract The Xylariales (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) is an order of mostly stromatic perithecial fungi generally inhabiting wood and other plant debris, as well as some important plant pathogenic species. As follow-up to an extensive fungal inventory conducted between December 2012 and May 2017 at the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (BHI) in Massachusetts (Haelewaters et al. 2018), members of the Xylariales were examined in detail, including new collections. A new name, Xylaria finismundoensis, is proposed; this taxon provides the first evidence of a saprotrophic lifestyle for members of a Xylaria clade previously only known as endophytes. We utilize important taxa in the Xylariales from the Boston
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