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Home , Buergenerula, Clasterosporium, Deightoniella, Gaeumannomyces, Harpophora, Magnaporthaceae

ARTICLE 155 , , , 13 5,7 @aesop. , Barbara Valent , Barbara 4 Key words: one -one name pleomorphic fungi rice blast take-all , Ronald P. de Vries de P. Ronald , 6 and , Yukio Tosa , Yukio 12 IMA FUNGUS · 7(1): 155–159 (2016) 155–159 7(1): · FUNGUS IMA and provide the rationale for the , Ralph Dean 5

Pyricularia 1880 and , Didier Tharreau 11 , Pedro W. Crous , Pedro W. 4 Recent advancement in gene, transcriptome and genome (sexual) morphs. Historically, such pleomorphy added to the (sexual) morphs. Historically, difculty in resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems associated with these species. seuencing of fungi resulted in robust phylogenies, which correspond well with the pathogenicity, the ecology and biology of these species. However, concepts generic traditional certain with conict phylogenies Magnaporthe based on morphology. Taxonomic for example, were shown to be polyphyletic. revisions have been carried out for some of these taxa in recent publications (Luo & Zhang 2013, Klaubauf et al. we list 28 accepted 2014, Luo et al. 2015a). In this paper, genera in Magnaporthales recommended genera if there is competition. , , Izumi Chuma with their type species and available gene and with their type species and available gene and 3 , Nicholas J. Talbot J. , Nicholas et al. 10 ) contains 1972 is proposed for suppression, and suppression, for proposed is 1972 , Takayuki Aoki , Takayuki 2 Working Group established under the auspices of the International Working 15 comprises about 200 species and includes the economically and comprises about 200 species and includes , Marc-Henri Lebrun , Marc-Henri Magnaporthe 9 Nakataea oryzae (Magnaporthe , Amy Y. Rossman , Amy Y. 1 Magnaporthales

, and Jin-Rong Xu , Kevin D. Hyde D. Kevin , , of which approximately 50 % are pathogens (, Ascomycota 8 14 , Jing Luo 1 The order

1939 are recommended for protection as the generic names for the rice blast fungus and the rice stem 1939 are recommended for protection as the you or your use of the work). that they endorse must attribute the work in the manner specied by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests You ) and the summer patch pathogen of turf grass turf of pathogen patch summer the and ) rutgers.edu The rice blast fungus has conidial (asexual) and ascosporic and (asexual) conidial has fungus blast rice The Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, USA Kansas State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Lafayette, IN 47907, USA West University, Purdue Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France 78850 Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, INRA, France Montpellier, 54 K, 34398 A TA UMR BGPI, CIRAD, University of Exeter, Northcote House, Exeter EX4 4QJ, UK Northcote House, Exeter University of Exeter, Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands Utrecht, CT Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht University, Fungal Molecular Physiology, USA DE 19711, Hall, Newark, Townsend 152 Ave, of Delaware, 531 S. College Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University Thailand Chiang Rai, Fah Luang University, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Genetic Resources Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan Ibaraki 305-8602, Tsukuba, and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Agriculture National Genetic Resources Center, cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan 1-1 Rokkodai Kobe University, The Netherlands Utrecht, 8, 3584 CT Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan CBS-KNAW USA State University, Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695, North Carolina Thomas 2510 Department of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; corresponding author e-mail: zhang New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; corresponding Rutgers University, and Pathology, Department of Plant Biology 97331, USA Corvallis, Oregon Oregon State University, and Plant Pathology, Department of Botany Nicole Donofrio Zonghua Wang genome resources. The polyphyletic genome resources. scientically important rice blast fungus and the take-all pathogen of cereals, as well as saprotrophs and scientically important rice blast fungus and analyses of these fungi resulted in taxonomic revisions. In this endophytes. Recent advances in phylogenetic in Magnaporthales paper we list the 28 currently accepted genera Abstract: 11 13 14 15 10 12 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 3 © 2016 International Mycological Association © 2016 International Mycological distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: are free to share - to copy, You Attribution: Ning Zhang Generic names in Magnaporthales names in Generic Submitted: 2 March 2016; Accepted: 15 May 2016; Published: 8 June 2016. Accepted: 15 May 2016; Article info: Submitted: 2 March 2016; Nakataea of Fungi (ICTF). Commission on the rot fungus, respectively. The rationale for the recommended names is also provided. These recommendations recommendations These provided. also is names recommended the for rationale The respectively. fungus, rot are made by the Pyricularia/Magnaporthe Non-commercial: No derivative works: Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. transform, or build upon this work. may not alter, You purposes. may not use this work for commercial You Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights. permission from the copyright holder. salvinii Thongkantha poae (Cannon 1994, important pathogens of cereals and grasses, including the rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (Magnaporthe oryzae), the take-all pathogen of cereals Gaeumannomyces graminis the rice stem rot pathogen date, about 200 species have been described in To 2009). Magnaporthales of domesticated and wild . (sexual) morphs and the rice stem rot fungus produces sclerotial (asexual), conidial (asexual) and ascosporic Magnaporthales INTRODUCTION doi:10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.01.09 VOLUME 7 · NO. 1 156 ARTICLE

2002 (S) was polyphyletic. The rice blastfungus demonstrated thatthesexually typiedgenus However, recentphylogeneticandphylogenomicanalyses morphology (Hebert1970,Barr 1977,Couch&Kohn2002). belong toMagnaporthe 1970 fromlaboratorycrossing experimentsandbelievedto diseases ofmonocotyledonousplants. 50 specieshavebeenlistedasPyricularia which nowisknownasthericeblastfungus.Sincethen,over rice isolatesweredesignatedas based ontheasexuallytypiedP. grisea In 1880, Saccardo established the generic name than Use in 2017(Hawksworth2015),butitiscurrentlyforce. it isproposedthatthisreuirementbeeliminatedfromtheICN typied namesascurrentlyreuiredby Art. 57.2.We notethat propose therejectionorsuppressionoflatersexually and speciesepithet. Those authorsdidnot,however, formally Nakataea oryzae,usingtheoldestlegitimategenericname made anewcombinationforthericestemrotfungusas fungi, andplants Art. 59.1oftheInternationalCodeNomenclatureforalgae, naming ofmorphsthesamefungusspeciesin2011, under Webster 1972).Subseuentto theendingofseparate ,refertothesamespecies(Krause& congeneric andtheirtypespecies,Nakataeasigmoidea sordariomycetous species.NakataeaandMagnaportheare (Xu etal.2010),andarethereforenotapplicabletothis belong inBasidiomycotaandDothideomycetesrespectively rules theninforce.SclerotiumandLeptosphaeriacurrently as ascosporic morph, established thenewgenericnameMagnaporthe, species (Tullis 1933).Hara(1939)namedtheconidialmorphof later recognizedasthesexualmorphofsamefungus paper healsodescribedLeptosphaeriasalvinii,whichwas Sclerotium oryzaebasedonthesclerotialmorph.Insame Cattaneo (1876)rstnamedthericestemrotpathogenas (S) Magnaporthe Use typied byasexualmorph. (A) =anametypiedbyanasexualmorph,(S) RECOMMENDATIONS (NCF) areindicatedbyanasteriskinthat Table. to be approved by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi Working Group,withoutprejudice.Casesthatreuireaction follows approvaloftheirusagebythePyricularia/Magnaporthe that serveasthebasisforrecognizingthesegenera. This the type species, is compiled in Table 1 including references , as necessitated by the nomenclatural Magnaporthe salvinii,asnecessitatedbythenomenclatural A list of accepted generic names in The sexualmorphofPyriculariawasrstobservedin Pyricularia oryzaeCavara1892(A)rather Magnaporthe Nakataea Nakataea sigmoidea.Krause&Webster (1972)then (ICN; McNeilletal.2012),Luo R.A. Krause&R.K.Webster 1972 to accommodate the rice stem rot pathogen toaccommodatethericestemrotpathogen Hara1939(A)ratherthan becauseofthesimilarityinascospore oryzae (Catt.)B.C.Couch P. oryzaein1892byCavara, Magnaporthales, oncrabgrass. The is notcongeneric that cause blast Magnaporthe typied by the typied bythe . (2013) et al.(2013) Pyricularia with Zhang

et al. to NingZhang. of the United States (grant number DEB 1145174 and DEB 1452971) This workwaspartiallysupported by theNationalScienceFoundation ACKNOWLEDGMENTS name, rst publishedreports, weseenoreasonnottousethe Given thegreaternumberofspecies,priority, andnumerous Gaeumannomyces, based onH.radicicolaistobeconsideredasynonymof (Gams 2000).Withthechangetoonename, and to beasexualmorphsrelatedGaeumannomyces established forphialophora-likespeciesthatwereknown disease(Walker 1972,1980).Harpophorawas graminis, haslongbeenusedforthecauseoftake-all The genericnameGaeumannomyces,typiedby Use case, use of the older, more commonly used generic name likely giventhatbothoccuron Clasterosporium caricinum Whether ornotClasterosphaeriacyperi is congeneric with names, manyofwhichhavebeenplacedinothergenera. Clasterosporium cyperi andincludesonlytwonames. The genericname was establishedforthesexualmorphofClasterosporium The genericnameClasterosphaeria, Use with thetypespeciesofMagnaporthe than ClasterosphaeriaSivan.1984(S) (S) ratherthanHarpophoraGams2000(A) knowledge forthisimportantspecies. practice willhelptobridgeapotentialgapintheliteratureand as “Pyriculariaoryzae(syn.Magnaporthe can neverthelesscontinuetobementionedinpublications the riceblastfungus. The synonymMagnaportheoryzae, The name with pathogenicity and ecological and evolutionary features. correct name for the rice blast fungus, which corresponds well currently placedinPyricularia. would causenumerousnamechangesforthosespecies change inthetypespeciesofgenusMagnaporthe,and over considered thepossibilityofconservingnameMagnaporthe caution. The and scienticallyimportantspeciesthatdeservesmuch generic names,andthericeblastfungusisaneconomically not congenericandsodocompeteforpriority. because thegenericnamesMagnaporthe 2014, Luoetal.2015a). This isnotanomenclaturalissue al. 2011, Luo&Zhang2013, based onanincorrectmorphologicalidentication(Zhanget placement ofthericeblastfungusinMagnaporthe The asexuallytypiedgenericname Pyricularia andMagnaporthearecurrentlybothwidelyused Pyricularia. However, suchconservationwouldreuirea Magnaporthe butdidnotproduceasexualmorph Gaeumannomyces Clasterosporium Schwein.1832(A)rather Gaeumannomyces. Pyricularia oryzaeshouldthereforebeusedfor Pyricularia/ isrecommended. basedonC.caricinum based onphylogeny(Luoetal.2015b). Magnaporthe Working Grouphas isnotknown,althoughthisseems

Arx & D.L. Olivier 1952 etal.2014,Murata typiedbyC.cyperi, , M. salvinii, andPyricularia Pyricularia includes158 . Ifthisisthe IMA FUNGUS andthe )”. This isthe was are G. G.

Generic names in Magnaporthales

Table 1. Accepted generic names in Magnaporthales with type species, number of species in each genus, and gene or genomic resources. ARTICLE Names needing approval are indicated by an asterisk (*).

Taxa Type species Number of GenBank accession numbers for gene and species genome sequence data** Syd. in Annls Buergenerula biseptata 4 Buergenerula spartinae: transcriptome (SRX798618) mycol. 34: 392. 1936. (Rostr.) Syd. 1936. (Luo et al. 2015a). (Metasphaeria biseptata Rostr. 1904). Bussabanomyces Klaubauf et Bussabanomyces 1 Bussabanomyces longisporus: transcriptome al. in Stud. Mycol. 79: 100. 2014. longisporus (Bussaban) (SRX798619) (Luo et al. 2015a). Klaubauf et al. 2014. (Pyricularia longispora Bussaban 2003).

Ceratosphaerella Huhndorf et al. Ceratosphaerella 2 Ceratosphaerella castillensis: ITS (EU527997), LSU in Mycologia 100: 941. 2008. castillensis (C.L. Sm.) (EU528003) (Huhndorf et al. 2008). Huhndorf et al. 2008. Ceratosphaeria Niessl in Verh. Ceratosphaeria 34 Ceratosphaeria lampadophora: ITS (AY761088), nat. Ver. Brünn 14: 203. 1876. lampadophora (Berk. & LSU (AY346270) (Huhndorf et al. 2008). Broome) Niessl 1876. * Clasterosporium Schwein. in Clasterosporium caricinum 158 Trans. Am. phil. Soc., New Series Schwein. 1832. 4: 300. 1832.

= Clasterosphaeria Sivan. in Trans. Brit. mycol. Soc. 83: 710. 1984. Clavatisporella K.D. Hyde in Clavatisporella musicola 1 Mycotaxon 55: 276. 1995. K.D. Hyde 1995.

Falciphora J. Luo & N. Zhang in Falciphora oryzae (Z.L. 1 Falciphora oryzae genome (JNVV01000000) (Xu et Mycologia 107: 643. 2015. Yuan et al.) J. Luo & N. al. 2014). Zhang 2015. Gaeumannomyces Arx & D.L. Gaeumannomyces 7 Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae: Olivier in Trans. Brit. mycol. Soc. graminis var. graminis transcriptome (SRX798620) (Luo et al. 2015a); 35: 32. 1952. (Sacc.) Arx & D.L. Olivier Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis: 1952. transcriptome (SRX798621) (Luo et al. 2015a); Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici: genome = Harpophora W. Gams in Stud. (ADBI00000000) (Okagaki et al. 2015). Mycol. 45: 192. 2000. Herbampulla Scheuer & Herbampulla crassirostris 1 Nograsek in Mycotaxon 47: 419. Scheuer & Nograsek 1993 1993.

Kohlmeyeriopsis Klaubauf et al. Kohlmeyeriopsis 1 Kohlmeyeriopsis medullaris: SSU(FJ176801), in Stud. Mycol. 79: 101. 2014. medullaris (Kohlm., Volkm.- ITS(KM484852), LSU(FJ176801), RPB1(KM485069) Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss.) (Klaubauf et al. 2014). Klaubauf et al. 2014.

Magnaporthiopsis J. Luo & N. Magnaporthiopsis poae 5 Magnaporthiopsis incrustans: genome (SRX795321), Zhang in Mycologia 105: 1021. (Landsch. & N. Jacks.) J. transcriptome (SRX798625) (Luo et al. 2015a); 2013. Luo & N. Zhang 2013. Magnaporthiopsis panicorum: transcriptome (SRX798626) (Luo et al. 2015a); Magnaporthiopsis poae: genome (ADBL01000000) (Okagaki et al. 2015); Magnaporthiopsis rhizophila: genome (SRX798599), transcriptome (SRX798627) (Luo et al. 2015a). Muraeriata Huhndorf et al. in Muraeriata collapsa 2 Muraeriata collapsa: LSU (EU527996) (Huhndorf et Mycologia 100: 948. 2008. Huhndorf, Greif, Mugambi & al. 2008). A.N. Mill. 2008.

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Taxa Table 1.(Continued). 1994. Alcorn inMycotaxon51:483. Omnidemptus P.F. Cannon& 110. 1972. R.K. Webster inMycologia64: = Magnaporthe Plant, 2 * Nakataea Demat. Hyphom.:206.1971. Pyriculariopsis M.B.Ellis, 2014. N. ZhanginMycologia106:581. Pseudophialophora Japan 19:132.1978. T. Muroiin Trans. Mycol.Soc. Pseudohalonectria Minoura& 358. 1883. Sacc.,Syll.Fung.2: OPHIOCERACEAE Stud. Mycol.79:102.2014. Slopeiomyces Klaubaufetal.in in Stud.Mycol.79:104.2014. Bambusicularia Klaubaufetal. Mycol. Pap.48:27.1952. Stud. Mycol.79:104.2014. Barretomyces Stud. Mycol.79:108.2014. Neopyricularia Klaubaufetal.in al. inStud.Mycol.79:106.2014. Macgarvieomyces in Stud.Mycol.79:109.2014. Proxipyricularia Klaubaufetal. nd :185.1939. Hara,DiseasesRice S.Hughesin Klaubaufetal.in R.A.Krause& Klaubaufet J.Luo& Luo &N.Zhang2013. Nakataea oryzae Type species Cannon & Alcorn 1994. 1971. (Sacc. &Berl.)M.B.Ellis Pyriculariopsis parasitica Zhang 2014. eragrostis J.Luo&N. Pseudophialophora 1978. lignicola Pseudohalonectria M.A. Curtis)Sacc.1883. dolichostomum Ophioceras et al.)Klaubauf2014. cylindrosporus (D.Hornby Slopeiomyces Klaubauf Bambusicularia brunnea Hughes 1952. Deightoniella africanaS. et al.2014. (D.J. Soaresetal.)Klaubauf Barretomyces calatheae 2014. & H.D.Shin)Klaubauf commelinicola (M.J.Park Neopyricularia Klaubauf (de Hoog&Oorschot) Macgarvieomyces borealis 2014. (Y. Nisik.) Klaubauf Proxipyricularia zingiberis etal.2014. etal.2014. Minoura& T. Muroi (Berk.& (Catt.)J. etal. etal. P.F.

Zhang

Number of 7 species 1 1 8 13 33 1 1 20 1 1 2 1 et al. transcriptome (SRX798628)(Luo Nakataea oryzae genome sequencedata** GenBank accessionnumbersforgeneand (Luo etal.2015a). ‹/ et al.2014). Pyriculariopsis parasitica:LSU(DQ341514)(Klaubauf Pseudophialophora eragrostis (SRX798637) (Luo Pseudophialophora schizachyrii (SRX798635) (Luo Pseudophialophora panicorum (SRX798634) (Luo transcriptome (SRX798633)(Luo Pseudohalonectria lignicola (SRX798632) (Luo Ophioceras leptosporum (Luo etal.2015a); Ophioceras commune (Luo etal.2015a); Ophioceras dolichostomum (SRX798639) (Luo Slopeiomyces cylindrosporus 2014). Bambusicularia brunnea RPB1(KM485043) (Klaubauf LSU(KM484948), CAL(KM485231) LSU(KM484950), Barretomyces calatheae al. 2014,Luoet2015a). RPB1(KM485087) CAL(KM485243), ITS(FJ850122), LSU(KM484985), seuenced (SRX798624)(Luo Macgarvieomyces juncicola al. 2014,Luoet2015a); RPB1(KM485070), CAL(KM485239) ITS(KM484854), LSU(DQ341511), ACT(KM485170) Neopyricularia commelinicola Macgarvieomyces borealis RPB1(KM485088) (Klaubauf LSU(KM484986), Proxipyricularia zingiberis , RPB1(KM485045)(Klaubauf , MCM7(KM009174) : genome(SRX798605), ACT(AB274449) ACT(KM485162) MCM7(KM009175) ACT(AB274448) , TEF1 etal.2015a). etal.2015a); etal.2015a); etal.2015a). etal.2015a). TEF1(KM009198) (Klaubauf : transcriptome(SRX798629) : transcriptome(SRX798630) : ITS(KM484831), : ITS(KM484830), : transcriptome (KM009199) (Klaubauf : ITS(KM484869), : SSU(DQ341511), : genome(SRX798611) : genome(SRX798616), : transcriptome etal.2014). etal.2014). : transcriptome : SSU(KM009211), : transcriptome etal.2015a). : transcriptome : transcriptome etal.2015a). etal.2015a). ACT(KM485175) , CAL(KM485244) , CAL(AB274482) , , , IMA FUNGUS etal. et et , , , ,

Generic names in Magnaporthales

Table 1. (Continued). ARTICLE Taxa Type species Number of GenBank accession numbers for gene and species genome sequence data** Pseudopyricularia Klaubauf et Pseudopyricularia 3 Pseudopyricularia kyllingae: ITS(KM484876), al. in Stud. Mycol. 79: 109. 2014. kyllingae Klaubauf et al. LSU(KM484992), ACT(AB274451), CAL(AB274484), 2014. RPB1(KM485096) (Klaubauf et al. 2014). Pyricularia Sacc. in Michelia 2: Pyricularia grisea Sacc. 55 Pyricularia grisea: transcriptome (SRX798638) (Luo 20. 1880. 1880. et al. 2015a); genome (PRJEB7653 at http://genome. jouy.inra.fr/gemo/) Pyricularia oryzae: Genome (Dean et al. 2005). Xenopyricularia Klaubauf et al. Xenopyricularia zizaniicola 1 Xenopyricularia zizaniicola: transcriptome in Stud. Mycol. 79: 116. 2014. (Hashioka) Klaubauf et al. (SRX798640) (Luo et al. 2015a). 2014. ** Unpublished genome data are not listed.

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