Southern Planter: Devoted to Practical and Progressive Agriculture

Established 18^0840 THE Sixty-Fifth Year. Southern Planter A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RlCHflOND, VIRQINJA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISt^ING COMPAr^'Y, Proprietors.

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol. 65 SEPTEMBER, mi. No. 9

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMElfT: Prince Barbara, Sire Prince Ito, Dam Barbara 606 EditoripJr-=Work for the Month 581 of Woodlawn Virginia Wheat Seeding 584 Angora Goats in 606 in England 606 Tests of Varieties of Wheat 58G Sheep Husbandry Breeders' Association 607 Pennsylvania Potato Talk 58S Hereford Some Random Notes 587 Big Prices for Yorkshire Hogs 607 To tell the Ages of Pi,gs 607 Nutritive Ration of Plant Food in tfie Soil 588 The Whole System of Farming as Pursued by the Average Cotton Rai^r ifl^dically Wrong. 590 THE POULTRY YARD: Large Yield Co., of Whepfin Halifax Va 591 More About Gapes 60S Enquirers' Column (See Detail Index, p. 613). 591

TRUCKING, GAJ^EN AND ORCHARD: THE HORSE: Editorial—Work for the Month 598 Notes 609 History of the Peach 599 MISCELLANEOUS: LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: The Labor Difficulty 610 Stock Farming in the South 601 Notes from Tidewater, Va 611 Milk Ferer 602 The Wheat Situation 612

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RICHMOND, BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, Richmond. Va. W. G. ADAMS Sales Manager. The Southern Planter. DEVOTED TO PRACTICAL AND PROQRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE. TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the Dursing mother of the Art8.~°XEN0PH0N. Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. °°SULLY.

65th Year. Richmond, September, 1904. No. 9. Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH. us that his crop ran to over 40 bushels to the acre, Since writing our opening article for the August and this over a large crop. These large yields go to issue the general and continuous rain whicli we then show that the season was not altogether to blame for said to be necessary for us to secure a good average the small average crop. The man had much to do crop has fortunately fallen, indeed we have had prac- with it as is almost always the case. The spring tically since that time a month of broken weather all wheat crop is not yet fully harvested, but it is going through the South. Rain .has fallen almost daily, to be a very disappointing one. Rust has played but, as a rule, not in such heavy showers as to do great havoc with it, and the crop will in all proba- injury, though in some sections there have been wash- bility be the smallest raised for a long time. Taken ing rains. The result is that the land is now well together, the whole wheat crop promises to be as we supplied with moisture, and this condition, coupled forecasted, in the Plantee two months ago, 100,000,- with the warmth of the soil, and a daily temperature 000 bushels below that of last year. This means more nearly the average for the season than has been that we have raised but little more wheat this year the case for so long, has caused crops to make a splen- than will be required to feed the people of the coun- did growth, and the prospect is for full average yields try and for seed. A realization of this fact has had of most crops. its influence on the market, and wheat is now selling for $1.10 per bushel in Chicago, as against 90c. two

months ago. We expect to see it sell for a still The threshing of the winter wheat crop throughout higher price, as the wheat crop of the whole world is the country has been completed, and the result con- a deficient one. firms our forecast of a very deficient yield. The average yield per acre for the whole country is estimated by the Department of Agriculture at slightly The oat crop gives promise of being a fine average over 12 bushels to the acre. For Virginia the aver- crop if weather conditions are favorable for harvest- age is given at slightly over 10 bushels, for Maryland ing the same, The condition is above the ten years* at slightly over 13 bushels, for North Carolina at fiverage. slightly over 8 bushels, for South Carolina at 8 bushels, for Tennessee at a little over 11 bushels, and Corn crop prospects in the South were never bettetj for West Virginia at a little over 10 bu^els. Whilst mid as the area planted is above the average, we look these are the average yields, we have received reports to see a large crop cribbed. Throughout the coun- of some excellent yields in some parts of this State. try the prospect is for a good crop, but in our opinion In this issue will be found one of 40 bushels to the not for an excessively large one, possibly not larger acre, and Mr. Bellwood, of Drewry's BlufF, Va., tells than that cribbed last year. We expect to see the 582 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September,

price of this staple remain firm, and possibly advance very full of sap, and will be difficult to cure unless somewhat. we have very fine weather. Let the growth mature somewhat before cutting. The feed value of Tobacco has made a good growth, but there is con- the crop will be enhanced and the curing will be siderable diversity of opinion as to what the quality much less difficult. Cow peas especially will need of the crop will be. If the rains do not quickly cease to be let alone for some time, or the curing will be many growers think that the quality will be coarse especially difficult. In our last issue will be found and the tobacco of an undesirable type, and we are two articles dealing with the curing of this crop, to afraid this will be so. which we invite attention. If the weather continues showery do not cut too great an area down at The cotton crop is in a critical condition. The once, but cut a small breadth and give this all the continued rains have forced excessive growth of weed attention it needs to cure it well and as quickly as and hindered the setting and maturity of the bolls. possible, and then cut again. Sorghum is less diffi- A continuance of the weather we are having is going cult to handle than peas, as it does not spoil easily. to materially reduce the yield of the crop, whilst if Let it stand until the grain is well past the dough

it takes up too suddenly and a dry period follows stage, and then cut and set in shocks to cure. If it almost equal damage will be done. We are not look- can be allowed to lie on the ground broadcast for a ing for such an excessive crop to be picked as was few days the curing will be much easier, and it will promised early in the season. Every pound of the not spoil by being rained on. This is also the ease new crop will, in our opinion, be wanted at a good with soy beans, when cut for a hay crop. In our price. last issue will be found advice as to the proper time to cut all these forage crops, and also as to the fillini^ Peanuts are not likely to a heavy crop. They of the silo. made a bad start in the cold, dry weather, and there has been too much rain for them recently. The price keeps firm, and we look to see this continue, and The work of sowing grass, alfalfa and clover crops possibly advance some. should have immediate attention, as this is the last month in the year when this work can be done with Sweet potatoes are promising a good yield, but a anj'thing like a certainty of success. In our last cessation of the almost daily rains we are having issue we wrote very fully on this subject, and to what would be of benefit to the crop. we then said we invite attention. From the large number of enquiries we have had we expect to see The various forage crops have made a splendid quite a considerable area of alfalfa seeded in the growth since the rains began, and with fine weather South. We are convinced from the reports we have to cure the same there will be an abundance of winter had from many who have experimented with the keep. crop that there is no reason whatever why Southern farmers should not succeed as well with this crop as

Pastures never looked better and live stock are in Western ones have done. It is of such inestimable fine condition generally. There is every prospect value as a feed, making so large a weight of hay to the now that there will be an abundance of feed to the acre in one year, and is of such a permanent char- end of the season, as it will take a long drouth in the acter, that it is worth every effort necessary to make fall to check the growth. its growth successful. Talking a day or two ago with an enterprising and wide-awake farmer, we were A review of the foregoing will, we think, lead to glad to find that he had made a success with the crop the conclusion that Southern farmers and planters upon land badly infested with weeds by seeding the have much to be thankful for. There is every reason same in drills two feet apart. He prepared the land to anticipate that they will be able to secure a fair finely, made it rich with manure, and then kept all return for their labor and capital. weeds down the first year by cultivating it frequently. The second year it took full possession of the land, The work of harvesting and curing the forage and since that time he has cut three, and sometimes crops will require attention during this month. Do four, crops off each year, and it is still making fine not be in too great haste to cut them. They are now growth, and in complete possession of the land. 1904.] THE SOUTHEKIT PLAE^TER. 583

Keep on seoding crimson clover and hairy vetch cient growth to protect the roots from being frozen all through the month as land becomes available. with even a light frost on the setting in of Sow with these seeds some wheat, oats and rye, say winter, and much of the stand is winter killed. An- from half to three-quarters of a bushel to the acre, other reason for this winter killing is that the seed is and a good cover will be provided for the land all not covered sufficiently and proper precaution taken winter, which will add to its fertility, and at the to drain off surface water quickly by the provision of same time make good grazing, an early green forage, water furrows. There is no reason why with proper and good hay. A good crop of crimson clover will seeding at the right time the average crop of the add from $20 to $30 worth of nitrogen to the acre, South should not be in excess of 30 bushels to the and a crop of hairy vetch from $30 to $35 worth of acre. We know men who make from 50 to 60 bush- the same absolutely essential fertilizer. All this is els to the acre regularly. These men sow in Sep- gathered from the air and costs nothing but the price tember, prepare the land well, put the crop on good of 10 or 1.5 pounds of clover seed or a bushel of hairy land, and give it 3 or 400 pounds of acid phosphate vetch, and the labor of seeding these. In addition to per acre. Another great reason for light yields is this, these crops add humus making matter to the that enough seed is not sowed. Instead of sowing soil, and this humiis makes available the phosphoric only a bushel or a bushel and a half to the acre, twice acid and potash in the soil, and keeps the soil from this quantity of seed should be sowed. Sowing 4 running together and baking. If the land is poor, bushels of seed to the acre has given the highest yield give these crops 2 or 300 pounds of acid phosphate in a number of experiments, and in several of these to the acre to induce a vigorous growth. The more tests the covering of the seed with cultivators was bjxuriant the growth the greater the quantity of found to give better results than merely harrowing nitrogen which will be stored in the soil. If no use the seed in. The application of phosphate in the or profit is made of these crops except their manurial form of acid phosphate or Thomas slag gave an value this is amply sufficient to justify the outlay of increase of 100 per cent, in the crop. money and labor involved in their growth. No better preparation of the land for a com crop can be Winter barley is being sown now in the Valley and made than the seeding of these crops. ISTorthern sections of this State, and promises to be an acquisition to our staple crops. It gives good winter The preparation of the land for and the seeding and spring grazing when sown early enough in the of winter oats should have immediate attention. fall, and makes a good yield of grain. It should be Long experience in the growing of this crop has de- seeded in September on well prepared land, which monstrated that to be a profitable and successful crop, should be in a good state of fertility, as the crop calls Virginia gray winter oats should be sown early in for more available plant food than oats if to be suc- September. As this variety is the most profitable cesful. Acid phosphate applied at the rate of 300 oat crop that can be grown in the South; indeed, on or 400 pounds to the acre usually gives good returns an average of years is the only profitable oat that can on the outlay. Sow at the rate of 3 or 4 bushels to be ^own in a hot climate like ours, the oat being es- the acre. sentially a cold climate crop, every effort should be made to get it in at the best time for it to succeed. In this issue will be found an article on the prepa- With the oat crop as with nearly every other crop ration for and seeding of the wheat crop, to which we good preparation of the seed bed before seeding has invite attention. more to do with the yield than the amount of fertilizer that may be applied. This preparation should Rape and turnips may be sown yet with a fair have begun in August. The rains we have had have chance of making a crop if the fall be a normal one, put the land into good condition for working, and though it is getting late for these crops. If the win- every effort should be made to get the seed in by the ter be a mild one the rape, if not grazed too closely, middle or third week of this month. The small will stand over and make good early grazing in the average yield of the winter oat crop in the South is spring, most valuable for ewes and lambs. Sow 3 almost wholly due to the fact that the crop is usually or 4 pounds of seed to the acre broadcast and harrow seeded too late on a poorly prepared bed, and too in lightly. often on the poorest land to be cropped. When seeded after September the crop does not make suffi- Do not waste time pulling fodder. Whilst blade 584 THE SOUTHERN PLAITTER. [September,

fodder is excellent feed when well cured, the cost of retain the rain as it falls for the service of the crop.

pulling is too great with the present high price of With a deeply broken subsoil crops will not suffer

labor for it to be saved profitably. It is also a crop even in a dry season for a long time. When it is

easily spoiled in the curing, and if pulled at the best realized as it ought to be that crops can only utilize time for making good fodder materially injures the the food in the soil vv'hen in a state of solution in yield of com from the crop. In numerous experi- water the importance of saving all the moisture pos- ments made in the South, it has been demonstrated sible becomes apparent. No crop takes its food in a that the loss of yield in the corn made the fodder very solid condition. Therefore, however abundant this costly feed. The blades can be saved just as well by food may be in the soil it cannot help to grow the cutting the corn at the root and setting up in shocks crop until dissolved in water. Make the soil and

to cure, in this way saving both stalk and blades and subsoil loose and permeable by the rain and then not reducing the yield of corn. Cut when the corn is these will hold it like a sponge holds water, and the glazed and dented, and it wiU not shrink in the cur- roots of the plants will suck it out as they call for it. ing, and the stalks Avith the blades on them make ex- feed. cellent rough Clean out all barns, sheds, outbuildings and pens and put the manure on to thin places on the farm. With the large amount of moisture in the land, Brush down all the dust, cobwebs and trash and use and the warmth of the weather, weeds will grow fast the lime wash brush freely in all places where live on all stubble fields and newly fallowed land. See stock is to be housed. Lime is a great disinfectant, that these weeds are cut off with the mower before sweetener and destroyer of germs, and its use will bloom and make seed. They rob the land of they largely help to keep stock in a healthy condition fertility and moisture, for which they make no return through the winter. Where buildings are in need of except in providing work for another year in killing repairs, have these attended to at once. It is worse them. Leave the weeds as cut as a mulch, if not so than useless to take stock up out of the pastures and heavy as to smother out the clover or grass where the ])ut them into buildings where they cannot be kept stubble has been seeded with these crops. If a very dry and warm. They are better out of doors alto- heavy cutting of weeds is made they may be cured gether than housed in wet, drafty buildings. Have and saved for feed. Whilst not very valuable for the oiitside of the buildings either lime washed or this purpose, yet sheep and young stock will pick painted. In our July issue, on page 466, we pub- them over and get some good from them. On newly lished a receipt for making wliitewash for outside plowed land the weeds as they germinate should be use which will be found almost as durable as paint. killed by harrowing the land when the sun is shining If we could but persuade Southern farmers to spend and thus a fresh lot of seeds will be brought near a little money in paint every year and apply the same enough to the top to germinate and be killed in like to their houses and barns they would enhance their manner. In this way a piece of land may soon be value by many times the cost of the paint in the eyes cleared of weeds. of prospective purchasers, and would make them much more homelike and attractive to those living in the plows at work breaking land intended Keep or using them. to be cropped next year. Plow deep and bring up some of the soil which has not been exhausted of its plant food. There is no risk in doing this at this WHEAT SEEDING. time of the year, as the sun and air will have plenty The preparation of the land for the wheat crop is of time to act upon this new soil and make it fit for work that will call for constant attention this month. the support of plants before the time for seeding Indeed, to secure the best results this work should, as comes round. There is plant food in abundance in we stated in our last issue, have commenced in Au- nearly all subsoils for the profitable growth of large gust. During that month the land was in most sec- crops for years to come. It only requires to be made tions of the South in fine condition for plowing and available by the action of the sun and atmosphere and working, and if advantage was taken of this as it some lime. Subsoiling should also be done where the ought to have been, the land will now be getting into subsoil is a good one^ or where there is a hard pan good order for producing good results next year. underlying the surface soil. This will add to the The importance of a perfect preparation of the soil feeding ground of the crop and serve to catch and for the wheat crop is not half appreciated as it ought 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLAl^TER. 586

to be. Men who will carefully plow and work land country all unite in demonstrating that frequent cul- for the corn crop and who will then cultivate that tivation of the land before seeding is conducive to in- crop four or five times during its period of growth ci'eased yield, and that harrowing the crop in spring will seed wheat on land that has been only once plow- after it has commenced to grow is highly beneficial. ed and once harrowed and will then complain if the Wheat calls for a liberal supply of all the three lead- crop is not a good one. They entirely overlook the ing elements of plant food, nitrogen, phosphoric acid fact that the whole cultivation of the wheat crop must and potash. A crop of 30 bushels to the acre, with be done before the seed is sown, except possibly a tbe straw takes from the soil 45 pounds of nitrogen, light harrowing in the spring, and this too often is 22 1-2 pounds of phosphoric acid, 28 pounds of pot- neglected. The perfect preparation of the land be- ash, and 10 1-2 pounds of lime. This quantity of

fore seeding is much more important in the final food at least must be available during the growth of results than any fertilizer which may be applied to the crop, hence the land must be naturally fertile or

the crop, for unless the land is finely prepared very be artificially supplied with the food in the shape of much of the fertilizer will never help the crop at all, fertilizer of one kind or another. The lime and pot- but be washed out of the soil by the winter and spring ash can be best supplied by a dressing of 25 to 50 rains. To be of help to the crop the fertilizer must bushels of lime to the acre applied as soon as the land

be closely assimilated with the soil, so that it shall is plowed, and gradually worked into the soil during

permeate every part of it, and this can only be possi- preparation for seeding. The lime will make the ble if the soil be finely broken and thoroughly mixed. potash of the soil available. Experiments have The value of cultivation in securing a heavy yield of proved that whilst wheat calls for this quantity of

wheat is illustrated by the success which followed the plant food, it does not call for it to any considerable old-fashioned method of seeding on a summer fallow. extent in the early stages of its growth. Wheat as- We have seen crops of 40 bushels to the acre produced similates its food mainly at the time of shooting the after a summer fallow without the help of any fer- ears and filling out fhe grain. For this reason a tilizer, on land which, if not plowed until the fall, slowly available phosphate like bone meal and slowly would not produce 25 bushels to the acre, even with available nitrogen like that derived from the decay of fertilizer. In the former case the land was first a clover or cow pea crop usually gives better results plowed in the spring, then harrowed, rolled and re- than more quickly available forms of these fertilizers. harrowed and allowed to stand for ten days or a fort- Probably the best way to supply the phosphoric acid night. It was then reharrowed, rolled and harrowed is to use half bone meal and half acid phosphate, thus again. After standing another ten days or a fort- continuing the siipply practically over the whole night the harrowing and rolling was again repeated, period of growth. The bone meal will give also a and later it would be cross ploughed and sufiicient supply of nitrogen to start the growth of the harrowed and rolled repeatedly at intervals plants in the fall. The nitrogen needed by the crop until October. When seeded the .subsurface is most cheaply supplied by planting on a clover or would be compact, but open enough to be cow pea fallow. JSTitrogen from this source becomes permeated by the roots and full of moisture, and the available in the summer at the time when the crop

surface soil as fine as a garden bed and without a calls for it most strongly. Experiments made in weed seed left to germinate. Wheat sowed on such various States have demonstrated that a cow pea or a preparation as this grew off at once and rarely clover fallow can increase the yield of a wheat crop

suffered from winter killing. In the spring it would 50 per cent, over that grown upon land which has not tiller out and cover the land, and unless the season grown these crops. These crops, however, require to was a most unpropritious one, would make a full be used with discretion in their management or they crop. Whilst modern methods of rotation have may actually cause a decrease in the yield. Espe- largely supplanted the old summer fallow as a prepa- cially is this the case with the cow pea crop. Its ration for wheat, there is much to be learned as to the immense production of vines may sour the land if requirements of the crop from the old system. Early turned down in the late summer or early fall unless plowing of the land and frequent harrowing and roll- lime is also applied, and unless the crop is turned ing are essential to success. The subsoil must be down very early, say at least six weeks or two months compact, yet permeable by the roots, whilst the sur- before the wheat is sown the land will be rendered too face soil, say 3 or 4 inches deep, must be fine and light and puffy for the best results. This may also loose. Experiments made in different sections of the happen with clover if the growth is heavy. Where —

586 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September, wheat is to follow these crops they should be grazed introduced from a distance. Seed such a variety for down or be cut for hay before being plowed down and the main crop. Let new varieties be tested only ex- lime applied. We have had very frequent complaint perimentally until their fitness has been proved. of failure to make a good wheat crop on a cow pea Amongst old standard varieties Fidtz and Eulcaster fallow, and we believe that the main cause for this still retain their reliable character. Amongst newer was the pufRness of the land. This, however, does varieties, Nigger, Currell's Prolific, Reliable, Poole, not always follow, as in this issue will be found a and Harvest King are Avell spoken of. There is prac- report of a crop of 40 bushels to the acre grown on a tically no difference between the yields of smooth and cow pea fallow, but we do not advise taking the risk. bearded varieties. As a general principle, no better preparation for a Seed liberally. On land in good fertility a bushel wheat crop can be adopted than the growing of cow and a half of seed per acre has almost invariably peas or clover or any of the legumes. By the adop- given better returns than a bushel. At the Ohio Ex- tion of this system alone Mr. Bellwood, of Drewry's periment Station this year in 8 out of 18 tests 10 Bluff, has brought up land that would not grow wheat pecks of seed gave a larger yield than a less amount at all ten years ago, so that it now produces from 30 of seed, and in only one of the eighteen did six pecks to 40 bushels to the acre without the application of give the largest yield. On thin land two bushels of fertilizer. Where wheat is grown on land lacking in seed at least should be sowed. humus, and where neither cow peas nor clover have been turned dovtm, it is well only to apply part of the nitrogen required at the seeding of the crop (say only TESTS OF VARIETIES OF WHEAT. such part as will be supplied in a dressing of bone At the Pennsylvania Experiment Station variety meal) and then in the spring after the crop has started tests of wheat have been conducted for many years. to grow freely apply a dressing of 100 pounds of In tests made of five varieties—Reliable, Eulcaster, nitrate of soda per acre. The most important thing Dietz Longberry Red, Ontario Wonder and Fultz in fertilizing a wheat crop is to supply an abundance for fourteen years, Eulcaster gave the best yield, of phosphoric acid. If the land is lacking in this nearly 31 bushels per acre. Eultz made nearly 28 element, then at least 300 pounds of acid phosphate, bushels per acre, and Reliable 30 3-4 bushels. or, better still, half acid phosphate and half bone meal should be applied per acre and be well worked into the soil. PENNSYLVANIA POTATO TALK. Whilst it is important to get growth well started Editor Southern Planter: before winter sets in, yet it is equally important not The potato (in the South called the Irish potato, to sow so soon as to incur risk of damage from the Solamun tuberosum) at the discovery of America by iy. Wheat sown before frost has been felt is almost Columbus was found growing wild on the mountains certain to be injured by the fly, especially in sections of South America, and was also cultivated for food where the fly has been troublesome in the past. The by the natives of all the temperate parts of the conti- last week in September and first half of October is nent from Chile to Granada. The Spaniards first about the best time to seed wheat in Virginia, and a met with it in the neighborhood of Quito, where it little later further South. Where fly has infested was under cultivation by the natives. the crop recently a trap crop of wheat should be seed- About 1553 Hieronymus Cardan, a monk, is be- ed at once before the main crop is sown. Plow a lieved to have been the first to introduce it from Peru strip of land on one side of the intended wheat field, into Spain, from whence it passed to Italy and Bel- say a couple of yards wide and fifty yards long and gium. In 1563 John Hawkins introduced potatoes sow it with wheat and harrow in. If the fly is about into England from Santa Fe. About 1586 potatoes this will be quickly infested with it laying its eggs. were taken from North Carolina and Virginia to Before seeding the main crop plow this strip down Ireland and cultivated on the estate of Sir Walter and roll it, and thus destroy both flies and eggs. If Raleigh, near the city of Cork. every farmer would adopt this plan the Hessian fly A meal consisting entirely of potatoes is not a well- would soon be unknown. As to the variety to be balanced ration, being nearly devoid of nitrogen and seeded. This should be largely determined by local fat. Butter improves the ration, and drinking milk, selection. A variety which has proved itself adapted while eating (as is generally practiced in Ireland), to a section is much more likely to succeed than one makes it still better. It is probable there is no crop ;

1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 587

raised in this country that is more talked about among work, and is not well calculated for large field plant- farmers, or oftener discussed in the agricultural press, ing. than potatoes. They are a valuable crop raised on According to my experience, good sod ground that every man's farm, in every part of the country, and has raised potatoes one year will raise a better crop constitute a palatable and inexpensive food to be the next. I planted one acre of thick timothy sod found on every man's table at nearly every meal. ground, broken up in the spring and well prepared. It may not be the case elsewhere, but in this part The yield was fair, but the sod did not rot soon of northern Pennsylvania the best land for potatoes enough to give them the full benefit of its riches. I is on the hills back from the river, -where more bushels planted the same ground again the next season, and are raised per acre, and generally of better quality, broke up another acre of the sod ground adjoining it, than on the river flats. Ground can be too rich for and planted both at the same time. Both received raising potatoes. I once plowed part of an old barn- the same tillage, and neither received any fertilizer, yard which turned up rather lumpy, but was got into but the acre that grew potatoes the year before was good, mellow condition by repeated harrowing. It much the best. We would suppose that a crop of Avas planted with good seed at the proper season, and potatoes would extract from the soil some of its most cultivated as long as the tops would allow it. There available constituents, and that the second crop not was an immense growth of tops, which fell down and finding so ready a supply of nutriment would have covered the ground. The tops were not so very large been poorer than the first and poorer than the adjoin- in diameter, but of enormous length. I congratu- ing acre, which had been broken up that spring. This lated myself that there would be an immense yield of experiment has been tried several times, and every potatoes, but to my great astonishment when dug they time with the result already described. There are proved to be good for nothing. They were all small, two ways to account for the anomaly. In the first and but few in a hill. The strength of the soil and ])lace, the ground planted again the second year was the energy of the plants, seemed combined to make in finer tilth than the sod ground, and also had the only vines. Do you say there was tou much nitrogen benefit of the sod that had not fully decayed the first in the soil? The plants need not have taken any season. J. W. Ingham. more than they wanted to make a reasonable amount of vines, and could have found an abundance of ma- NOTES. terials for the formation of tubers. In other places, SOME RANDOM PEA VINE HAY. it may not be the case, but here I have always had CUEING the best success in raising potatoes when planted as Editor Southern Planter: early in the spring as the ground is dry enough to I am glad to see that this subject is being ven- work, say the latter part of April or the first of May. tilated in the Planter. The methods in the August Planted this early on well prepared soil and culti- number, especially the plan of Prof. Soule, do not vated as long as possible without injury to the tops, a materially differ from the method I have used for fair crop of potatoes is reasonably sure. Late plant- years, and have often detailed. The fact is that cow ed, when the rains come at the right time to save pea hay, instead of being such a difficult thing to cure, them from drouth, would outyield the early planted as many think, is really one of the easiest if not med- but the rains seldom come at that all-important period dled with needlessly, and is stored before the leaves of their growth, and the consequence is a light yield. get crisp. One point I think should be well brought Moreover, the late planted is more liable to be at- out. Never let the hay heat in the shocks, as the tacked by the blight. Last year a terrific blight leaves will then fall in moving it to the barn. Now, struck potatoes in this region, and the tops of late that the value of cow pea hay is coming to be recog- potatoes died as suddenly as if the thermometer had nized, we hear from some that it is injurious to dropped down to zero and the frost had frozen them horses. The same thing is insisted on by some in solid. My early potatoes were ripe when the blight regard to alfalfa hay, yet alfalfa hay is the sole came and received no injury, my late ones when dug roughage of thousands of healthy horses, and I have had but few in a hill, and these were half rotten. I kept horses in the finest condition on pea vine hay as have tried the "trench system" practiced by the late the only roughage. A friend in the blue grass sec- Mr. Carman, of the Rural jSTew Yorker, and will say tion of Tennessee once wrote to me that he visited a more potatoes can be raised by that system than by breeding farm there and was shown the sleekest lot any other I know of, but it requires considerable more of yearling colts he had ever seen. He remarked to 588 THE SOUTHEEl^ PLANTER. [September,

the manager, that "our blue grass makes fine colts." ture they can beat Florida there is no good reason

"ISTo," said the manager, "blue grass is not in it, for why they should not do so.

cow peas made those colts." And it will always make PEAR BLIGHT. slick coats on mules or horses either. If there is anything thoroughly settled in regard to

HAIRY VETCH. plant diseases, it is that the pear blight is caused by a Your reply to Mr. Bush in regard to the hairy microscopic bacillus, which grows downward from the vetch getting to be a weed reminds me of an answer lip of a shoot destroying the young growing cells of made by a friend in Maryland to the same question. the so-called cambium layer. This bacillus has been He said that the hairy vetch had doubled his corn isolated, and it has been proven that if an artificially crop, and that any weed that would do this was wel- grown specimen is inserted in the sap of a young come to a place on his farm. growing twig it will at once grow and produce the disease. So that all this guess work about frozen sap INTENSIVE TRUCKING. and siin scald is simply nonsense. The presence of Our friend, Jeffers, makes rather a queer argument bacterial forms in the sap would not prove that they against intensive trucking in winter artificial by were the cause, of course, but when a certain form of means. A gardener should not use skill or means these has been separated from all other forms present, for growing crops out season because of some one in and this form has been introduced into the growing a warm climate is growing the same crops. Up near tissues of the trees, and there continues to grow and the great Northern cities men have built greenhouses cause the blight, the evidence is too strong to be acres for the purpose of producing by tomatoes, cu- longer doubted. If any one will watch his pear trees cumbers and other things out of season, and the finer closely he can detect the first start of the blight near quality of their product enables them to get larger the ends of the twigs, and if then cut out ahead of it, prices than the products in the warmer sections there will be no further blighting of that limb. But bring. Right here in Raleigh I have grown toma- if you wait till the leaves are dead and black a much toes in January and February, and have gotten much larger part of the limb will be killed. Then if the larger prices them the for than Florida product was dead shoots that are cut off are allowed to lie on the bringing in our home market right alongside of them. ground, the next spring the diseased sap will exude Mr. But Jeifers seems to think that we should do noth- from cracks in the dead wood and the bees will be ing of the sort, but should lose the opportunity to attracted to it, and then they will carry the germs to grow these things at a profit in the North and the the blossoms on the trees and start another infection, upper South, because the truckers in Florida are at for it always starts at the blossoms or the most tender the same time sending inferior an product to market. shoots and grows downward. This bacillus is so My notion has always been that a gardener should minute that 150 of them placed end to end would use skill in his business and reap the reward of skill- make a line in length about the thickness of ordinary ful culture. We should get the best reward out of writing paper. And yet they are so numerous in the our gardening can, we for we are gardening for our sap of a diseased limb as to make it look milky to the benefit, own and not for others. The Northern naked eye. Therefore there is no longer any use to truckers were compelled to use skill and glass in the waste time and thought on sun scald or any other competition with more Southerly growers, and they imaginary cause, for the cause is as well known as have shown how a very small area may be made, by that of small-pox or diphtheria, or any other germ the investment of capital and the use of skill in gar- disease of animals or plants. dening, to produce far larger returns than many times W. F. Massey, Editor. Practical Farmer. the area in the open ground. The intensive work of the New Bern growers is but the beginning of winter gardening in the upper South, and it is a work that NUTRITIVE RATION OF PLANT FOOD IN THE SOIL. is going to grow. With the increasing scarcity of DOSE IT INFJ,UENCE OR CONTROL CROP YIELDS ? labor it is impossible for our truckers to crop the wide Editor Southern Planter: areas they did a few years ago in the open ground, In your last I cited the reader the case of Mr. Z. J. and the concentration of capital and labor on a small Drake, as proof of the fact that, contrary to the teach- area under artificial heat is a necessity of the busi- ings of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, the great con- ness. Our growers are gardening for their own trolling factor in the yield of crops is the amount of profit, and if by liberal investment and skilful cul- plant food in the soil. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN" PLANTER 589

The above named gentlemen say : "It would appear several reputable witnesses. It yielded seventeen from the results given in this bulletin that plants can thousand four hundred and seven poimds of corn in and do yield ordinary crops (in fact, very "ordi- the ear, of which one hundred and forty pounds was nary"), thoiigh growing in media containing very soft corn. Several tests showed that one hundred small traces of any plant food, while if the amount of pounds ear com yielded eighty-two pounds shelled these plant foods is increased a thousand times, they corn, which made the yield two hundred and fifty- are unable to give corresponding increases in the four bushels, forty-nine pounds of shelled corn at yield." ISTow, I do not wish to undertake the task of fifty-six pounds to the bushel, which, kiln dried, to proving that a "corresponding" increase can or will contain only ten per cent, water, would contain two always result from artificial plant foods, even when hundred and thirty-nine bushels." applied systematically and intelligently, but what I ISTow, I am aware of the fact that agriculture is, as do wish to prove, and what I can readily, unmistak- yet, far from being an exact science, and that the ably and incontrovertibly prove, is that their judicious seeker after truth must be slow to reach positive con- use will give an increase, and a very great and re- clusions, instead of jumping at them; but I cannot markable increase, that no "cultiiral methods" or help believing that the plant food added by Mr. Drake "suitable crop rotation" or purely "physical condi- to his contest acre was, in this instance, the "great tion" into which the soil could possibly be brought, controlling factor" that influenced and controlled the has ever accomplished or can ever accomplish in their yield; and that, exceptionally favorable as the season

absence ; and this in spite of the statement of Messrs. was, the half of the above yield would not and could Whitney and Cameron that "practically all soils con- not have been obtained had said plant food not been tain sufficient plant food for 'good' (good thing they added. did not say maximum) crop yields." Contrary to the teachings of Messrs. Whitney and I will now enter into details in regard to Mr. Cameron, when they roundly assert that "practically Drake's crop of two hundred and fifty-five bushels of all soils contain sufficient plant food for a good crop

corn per acre, and hoiu it was made: yield," is the united experience of the entire farming "Late in February one thousand bushels of stable world, our own included. I, together with many other manure and five hundred pounds each of manipu- practical men, experimenters and close observers, have lated guano, cotton seed meal and kainit were broad- found that, however perfect Dame ISTature jnay be in casted on the acre and then_ plowed under. Follow- her operations, she is proverbially slow in her pro-

ing J:he plow six hundred bushels of whole cotton seed cesses ; and her sons "art" and "science" have left were strewn in the furrows. A subsoil plow was run their venerable yet still highly revered ancestor so far through a depth of twelve inches. The land was well in the rear that she now has all she can do to keep in harrowed and the rows planted alternately March sight of her young, active and progressive progeny. 2d, three and six feet apart. Yes, this same progeny have discovered that even "An improved strain of the common gourd seed the very richest and strongest of soils may be still variety of Southern white dent corn was planted, five farther enriched and improved upon. Man's life to six kernels being dropped to each foot of the row. Jiere below is altogether too short for him to fritter

It was planted in rows five inches deep, but covered if aAvay in the vain effort of studying out "physical only one inch. At first hoeing the plants were thin- factors the exact natui*e of which is yet to be deter- ned to one stalk every ^ve or six inches, the missing mined," in their relation to crop yield, while there is .spots replanted. On April 20th the six foot spaces so much exact and positive data, reliable data at that, v/ere plowed and a mixture composed of two hun- the exact nature of which has already been worked dred pounds each guano, kainit, cotton seed meal, out. acid phosphate and bone was applied and hoed in. Whenever a soil is well supplied with plant food, On May 15th the three-foot spaces were plowed, three either natural or artificial, or both, whenever a soil is hundred pounds of nitrate of soda sown and worked well supplied with organic matter, whenever the crop in. On May 25th, two hundred pounds of guano is adapted to the climate, good seed planted, the soil were applied in the wide spaces. Another applica- moderately deeply prepared and the crops thoroughly tion of five hundred pounds of guano, cotton seed cultivated, with the rainfall neither deficient nor in meal and kainit was pi7t on June 8th, and one hun- excess of crop requirements and with climatic and dred pounds nitrate of soda June 11th, seasonal conditions favorable, success in the way of "The crop was harvested jSTovember 25th, before maximum crop yields is assured. There is no mys- 590 THE SOUTHERlsT PLAN"TER. [September,

tery about it. No "physical factor the exact nature his cattle housed the biggest half of the year, feeding of which is yet to be determined." them, watering them, and cleaning out their stables,

The puzzle with the average agriculturist is not so etc., just for the fun of handling a few extra loads of much to find out the various "physical factors" or manure annually ? If so, where would be the advantage of living in a clime where forage is abun- chemical or climatic or seasonal factors that influence dant and shelter comparatively unnecessary. And if crop yields, as it is to bring as many of the favorably this exceptionally favorable climate is taken the ad- influencing or controlling factors together as pssible vantage of that could and should be taken where, and bring them to bear on his own individual case. fill, where, is the benefit to the cotton fields from the What man has done, under similar circumstances, keeping of live stock as a fertilizer factory. Theory can be done again, the puzzle being, how to bring is one thing, practical experience another ; aside from together those "similar circumstances." They seem a few dairy farms (where more or less feed was an- to be as elusive as are the undetermined "physical nually purchased from abroad), we have yet to see factors" of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron. a single instance where the fertility of the entire farm Gomez, Miss. G. H. Turneb. was even maintained, much less increased by the keeping of live stock. For fully one-third of a century we have been en- THE WHOLE SYSTEM OF FARMING AS PURSUED gaged in the raising of cotton as a "cash crop," but BY THE AVERAGE COTTON RAISER RADICALLY while this is the case, Ave have always believed in and WRONG. practiced such a "diversification" of crops as should render us practically independent of the entire out- ''a. c. k." (A Chronic Kicker). side world, so far as the "necessaries," and even many Editor Southern Planter: of the "luxuries" of life are concerned ; we also try to It is needness for us to try to enlighten the cotton raise a sufiiciency of live stock of most all kinds to raiser as to the system (or lack of system) pursued nbundantly supply the needs of our own individual by himself, his daddy, and his grand-daddy, before farm ; we save the manure, but owing to pasturing him. They are all well posted along this line ; they everything, even our meat hogs, almost the entire have also seen the evil results following from this year, have but little to save, and from both an ex- system in the way of eroded, washed away and worn tended experience and extensive observation, know out fields, impassable gullies, depleted fertility, and, that there are hundreds of thousands of our cotton as a perfectly natural result, annually decreasing raisers in the same fix. The remedy, then, and the yields per acre, per hand, and per farm. Everything, only remedy for our depleted soils, or at least the even down to the manufacture, sale and use of the only remedy that is practicable alike to all, and of various improved implements, simply tends toward a imiversal applicability, is to so rotate our crops as still greater and more complete depletion of the fer- that the same crop shall never be allowed to follow it- tility of onr soils. are What we going to do about it ? self on the same land for two consecutive years ; and Is it not time to call a halt, and revolutionize a system to so arrange said rotation that fully one-third of the that has brought nothing but destruction in its train ? total area planted shall be devoted to some one of the Many good men have realized this destruction, as logiTminous crops, as cow peas, clover or vetch. As evidenced by the various remedies proposed, as, for the leading object in the raising of leguminous crops instance, the "raising of live stock" of various kinds, i- (or should be) the maintainance or increase of fer- "diversification," etc. ; all of which advice is good, in tility, the more luxuriant the growth of the recupera- some instances, but utterly useless because impracti- tive crop, the greater the amount of nlant food fur- cable in others. Let us take "stock raising," for in- nished by it to the succeeding crop; hence to bring stance, which has been so often so extensively and so about an increase of fertility in any given soil, it is strenuously advocated as a panacea, a cure for all the not sufiicient simply to sow the land down to cow peas ills of a poverty stricken soil, as well as of a poverty or clover, but everything shoidd be done that can be stricken "rural population." Is it a remedy for the 'lone toward ensuring the most luxuriant growth pos- existing evil ? We deny it. If a remedy at all, is it sible, and for the furtherance of this object, the plants of universal application (if not, it is a failure as must be fed. Each and all of the leguminous crops such) ? In many thousands of instances it is utterly are greedy consumers of potash and phosphoric acid, and entirely impracticable; and even if "practicable," nnrl where these are flefieient (which is invariably the would be without efficacy. In a country where cattle case in all old, well worn soils), but little growth of can roam in the fields and pastures 300 out of the 365 the recuperative crop will take place, but little nitro- days in a year, thereby making their own living for gen will be attracted from the atmosphere, but little the 300 days, is it to be expected that a man should actual recuperation take place. When 300 to 600 build expensive barns, with cement floors, and keep pounds of a fertilizer containing 8 per cent, each of — : —

1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER 591

both potash :.nd phosphoric acid is applied to each ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. and every acre of cow peas planted, an increase of from 50 to 100 per cent, in the yield of the succeed- Enquiries should be sent to the oflBce of The SotJTHiaif ing crop of cotton may be reasonably expected and Planteh, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the next month's issue. confidently looked for, even without the direct appli- month for replies to appear in the

cation of fertilizers to the cotton crop ; but when, in addition to fertilization of the peas, the cotton also Feed Value of Wheat, Rye and Oat Hay Compared is fertilized direct with from 400 to 800 pounds of a With Clover Hay—Feed Value of Buckwheat. "3-8-4" fertilizer analyzing about for ordinarily fer- Will you, in your next issue (August), please give "10-4" tile soil, or (omitting nitrogen) for very rich the relative feeding ratio in protein, carbo-hydrates soil (or those producing excess of weed) double speed and fat of wheat, rye and and oat hay, as compared in fertilization is made, and the crop yield may be with good clover hay? Please give them separately doubled, trebled or even quadrupled. and not as a mixture of the three cereals. Please Whilst there is great truth in what A. C. K. says give also the feeding value of whole buckwheat for as to the bad system of farming amongst cotton horses, cows and hogs as compared with corn and raisers, we cannot agree with him that live stock hus- bran. If you have or can procure any statistics from of the bandry is not largely a remedy for this. There is no which you could give the approximate weight is me- place in the whole world where live stock can be hay per acre of the cereals where the growth confer favor on raised, grown and fattened as cheaply as in the South dium length you would a Richmond Co., Va. Inqttieee. if a proper system be adopted and followed, and there have tables giving the analysis of is no place so near to the largest and best markets of Although we plants, grains, tubers the world for meat and dairy products. With such hundreds of different feeding the reports of the analyses a conjunction of circumstances, live stock husbandry and other food stuffs, and kinds of roughage at the various can be pursued successfully, and is bound to resu.lt in made of different established, we improvement of the land and profitable crops. Ed. Experiment Stations since they were cannot find amongst all these an analysis of the com- or rye hay. We find oat hay LARGE YIELD OF WHEAT IN HALIFAX CO., VA. position of wheat hay contain 9.3 protein, Editor Southern Planter: cut when in the milk stage to fat. Ked clover hay con- An esteemed neighbor, Mr. ISTewton A. Tulloh, 39.0 carbo-hydrate, and 2.3 and 3.3 fat. ma43 a very fine crop of wheat this year, the yield tains 12.3 protein, 38.1 carbo-hydrate, surpassing anything I have ever known in the State. We will look further into this matter, and, if possible, He is so modest he will not write you himself, so I secure the information desired and publish later. We venture to rise and write for the benefit of others on have numbers of analyses of the grain, straw and how he secured such a phenomenal yield chaff of these cereals, but it is evident that as hays seeded five acres, and the yield a little over He was they have been little investigated. Buckwheat con- forty bushels to one sown. From the five acres a tains 10.0 protein, 64.5 carbo-hydrate, and 2.2 fat. crop of clover was cut last year; he then fallowed the Corn, 10.5 protein, 69.6 carbo-hydrate, 5.4 fat. Bran, land with a four-horse plow, pulverized the soil with 15.4 protein, 53.9 carbo-hydrate, and 4.0 fat. disk harrows and then dragged it thoroughly and have no statistics giving the average weight of sewed the land in peas, as every farmer ought to do, We acre made from the cereal crops, but should then fallowed the field preparatory to seeding it in hay per tons to the acre. wheat. With the land thus nicely prepared the estimate same at probably about two wheat was sown. During the winter—which was an —Ed. exceedingly cold one—when the land was frozen, Mr. ' Tulloh would haul out his barnyard manure and Yield of Rye in Virginia. spread it over the field, thus saving it from the se- Eeferring to oiir editorial note m the August verity of the cold. Planter, about the yield of rye in Virginia, Mr. H. There are many other farmers in our State who L. Trollinger reports a yield this year on "Buena can do as well doubtless, and I hope they will try. Vista" Farm, in Pulaski county, Va., as follows: Halifax Co., Va. Samuel L. Adams. Twelve acres rye threshed out 345 measured bush- We would refer readers to our remarks on the els, or an average of 28 3-4 bushels per acre; five proper preparation for a wheat crop in our article, acres (adjoining) barley 167 bushels, or 33 per acre. for ''Work the Month." There is danger in plowing The rye and barley grew on a strip of branch bottom down a pea crop as a preparation for wheat unless it containing 17 acres. The barley, before being cut, 13 done very early, Ed. looked apparently not very good (having been frozen —

592 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEK. [September,

out somewhat last winter), and the yield was a sur- Inoculation for Legumes—Vetches. prise to us. The rye was as fine a stand as we ever 1. Give methods of inoculating and bacteria cul- saw, and we expected 20 bushels per acre, but were tures for each of the principal leguminous crops, in- greatly surprised at the yield. fully big We think cluding alfalfa and vetch. 20 bushels wasted and left on the ground blowing by 2. Will the germ die in unimproved soil when no down and not cut by* the binder. We got a good set fertilizer is used ? of clover and timothy with both the rye and barley. 3. What will the preparations cost and best place Our average yield of rye has been for several years obtained ? about 12 bushels per acre. L. P. Steaenes. 4. What is the best paying variety of Pecan for Warwich Oo., Va. this section ? How far apart should they be planted

Avhen set alone ? Also distance with pears between, Sun Cured Tobacco. best fertilizer, and how much used locally ? 1. tobacco land Can grown on gray be sun cured 5. What do you think of vetch as horse food sown profitably in this section ? in fall with rye or oats ? 2. Will it in heat handling and marketing? 6. Will this cure well when cut with binder and Please give process for sun curing tobacco. allowed to stand in small shocks ? Campbell Co., Va. C. A. Ferguson. 7. Can a fair crop be raised on gray land (with- 1. We doubt very much whether tobacco grown in out fertilizer), producing five barrels of corn per

Campbell county Va., can be profitably cured as sun acre ? cured tobacco. Attempts have been made in several 8. Does it impoverish land growing this crop for counties outside the sun cured tobacco section to cure hay, and what is the value of vetch and rye grown on tobacco so that it would compete successfully with the such land for fallow? 9. Will or subscribers answer 'this question tobacco of the sun cured section, but the market alone two for a Western farmer subscriber, "Why is land so ways discriminates against it, claiming that whilst in cheap in this old country, so often spoken of as 'God's appearance it compares favorably, yet that it lacks a Country' ?" Would like to have this answered fully. "something" in iise which can only be found in to- Dimuiddie Co., Va. C. A. L. bacco grown in Caroline and adjoining counties. We 1. The bacteria for inoculating most of the legumi- do not advise the attempt. Grow a type of tobacco nous crops can be had from the Department of Agri- suited to your section and cure accordingly and aim sulture, Washington, free of charge. This means to make it the best of that type, and it will sell on that sufficient can be had to inoculate the seed re- its merits. quired to sow a small plot. After this plot has pro- 2. Genuine sun cured tobacco should be cured on duced the particular legume inoculated for, then soil the scaffold in the field and finished off by air curing from this plot can be used to inoculate seed for a large ill the barn. If properly cured it will not heat in area. The land is inoculated either by infecting the handling and marketing any more than tobacco cured seed with the bacteria by mixing same with some soil by fire. Ed. and water and then mixing the seed with this or by mixing same with soil and spreading the soil on the Alfalfa. land, and then sowing the seed. Or the land may be 1. I have about three acres of river bottom sandy infected by getting a bag of soil from land gTOwing and damp, but not wet. It also has sorrel. I have the particular legume desired and spreading this soil it now in soy beans. Would you advise me to sow in alfalfa? on the land desired to be infected. One hundred 2. Will the soy bean inoculate the ground for al- pounds of infected soil Avill inoculate an acre. • falfa ? L. H. Haeeis. 2. The bacteria will continue to increase in the Lee Co., Va. land if the particular legume to which it is peculiar

1. We have very little doubt but that the land is grown on the land either continuously or at no would grow alfalfa. When you have limed the land greater intervals than two or three years. The pres- and made it rich enough to grow alfalfa the sorrel will ence of the particular crop and not fertilizer is es- disappear. It is an evidence of the want of fertility sential to the continuance and spread of the bacteria. in the soil, and of an acid condition, which lime will 3. See reply to No. 1. rectify. 4. So few Pecans have been grown in this State

2. The soy bean bacteria is not available for inocu- that it is not possible to answer this question. The lating for alfalfa. You must get alfalfa bacteria.-^ growing of Pecans so far north as Virginia as a com- Ed. mercial crop is yet only in the experimental stage. — — — —

1904.] TKE SOUTHERN PLANTER 693

We would not advise any one to plant more than a merous they do not seem to cause the sheep much few trees as an experiment. We have reports of iso- injury. They are usually more a source of annoy- lated trees in different parts of the State bearing ance, causing sneezing and restlessness than actual freely, but whether they will pay when grown in large injury. Many of the grubs are ejected by the snort- orchards remains to be seen. ing and sneezing of the sheep. Sometimes, however,

5 and 6. The Hairy Vetch and the English Vetch the grubs get fixed so far back in the membrane of both make excellent forage crops grown in mixture the skull lining that they cannot be forced out, and with oats or rye, but especially with oats, which are a then cause brain trouble and serious danger to the much better feed than rye. The best way to harvest sheep. There is no practical means of completely

the crop is to cut it with a mower like a hay crop and preventing the attacks of the fly. Tarring the nos- cure like curing clover hay. trils of the sheep frequently during the summer is the 7. Land such as this would not produce a heavy best that can be done. A mixture of tar and fish oil crop unless helped with some acid phosphate or nu' is better than tar alone as a preventive. The gruba nure. may be usually removed by syringing the nostrils out 8. The growing of vetches improves land in so far with a syringe made specially for the purpose, which as they add nitrogen and humus to the soil, but they has a long bent tube or nozzle. A mixture of linseed like all the legumes are large consumers of phosphoric oil and turpentine in equal parts is injected through acid and potash, and unless there is an abundance of tliis springe, and usually brings the grubs away. these in the soil or they are applied freely, the crop "V^Hiere the grubs become fixed in the skull and serious will not make a heavy growth. They make good hay danger is threatened and they cannot be got out with and an improving fallow. Ed. the syringe, the operation of trepanning is resorted to. This involves the cutting of a hole through the Lime Spreader. skull bone and the removal of the grubs by means of Please let me know where I can find a manufac- forceps. All sheep and lamb heads, from dead or turer of a lime spreader, as I want to buy one. slaughtered sheep, should be burnt at once, as they Va. Bedford Co., A Subsckibee. almost invariably harbor grubs, and the flies are The Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Co., Syracuse, hatched from them and increase the trouble. The N. Y., and the Smith Manure Spreader Co., Chicago, syringe required can be obtained from dealers in both of whom are referred to in this issue, make ma- veterinary instruments, and probably from Marvin, chines which will spread lime. Ed. Smith & Co., of Chicago. Ed.

Grubs in Nostrils of Sheep. Nitrate of Soda for Cabbage. I have lately killed for food a number of lambs I have cabbage plants set for fall and winter use, that were dropped in April. They are fat and good, and wish to apply nitrate of soda, 300 pounds to the but I find in the noses of each one or more grubs. acre in three applications. Please advise whether to Can these grubs be removed or kept out in any way ? apply on top of soil or on one side of plant and then I have them running in old pasture. cover. Have used light application of dry, ground Bedford Co., Va. H. S. Hubbaed. fish and kainit in drill. W. L. RussELii. The grtibs found in the nostrils are the larva of the Northumberland Co., Va.

sheep bot fly. This fly, which is almost like a small Apply the nitrate down each side of the rows on bee, will be found buzzing about the sheep and caus- the top. It will melt as readily as salt, and find its ing them great alarm. They will seek to hide their way to the roots without any cultivation. Ed. beads in bushes or grass, as they know instinctively

that the fly is seeking their nostrils to deposit the egg, Protecting Hams from Si

594 THE SOUTHERI^ PLAI^TER. [September,

Then rinse off with clear water, hang up uncovered, I 5. 'No. It is a harder and rougher feed and stock and jou will have nice meat. have to become accustomed to it before they will eat the My way of raising chickens. When taken from it freely. They are fond of it when used to it. Ed. nest, give them three swallows of water, feed them a day, giving pure cooked food six or seven times Dehorning Cattle. gapes. day. . ISTever had any die of water twice a 1. Is there any danger in dehorning old cattle ? and uncooked food cause gapes. Starvation 2. What is the best dehorner ? Va. Mbs. J. Y. Smith. Wood Co., W. 3. When best time for the operation ? I never had any experience dehorning. Have about fifty head to

Vetch—Alfalfa. dehorn before winter ; would be glad of any informa- vetch 1. Will you please let me know what kind of tion you deem necessary for a beginner. of will be best to sow ? Expect to sow about the 10th 4. Can you give me the address of some manufac- September. Soil is medium light. What will be turer of pure bone meal. R. M. Lewis. the best kind of fertilizer to use, and how much to Mecklenburg Co., Va. well to sow some oats or the acre, and wouldn't it be 1. No ; not unless done when flies are troublesome falling down, and wheat with them to keep them from and care is not taken to keep them out of the wounds. how much to the acre ? 2. The H. H. Brown Manufacturing Co., Decatur, wish to try a small piece of alfalfa. 2. I also 111., and M. T. Phillips, Pomeroy, Pa., both make the best time to sow, and how much When would be good dehorning instruments. J. Rosbach. to the acre ? H. 3. Either before flies have become troublesome or Hanover Co., Va. after they have gone, but not in the coldest weather of Hairy Vetch from September to the middle 1. Sow winter. Have some tar on hand and cover the stump the middle of of October, and English Vetch from of the horn and around it with this after the horn has middle of November. Sow 25 pounds October to the been removed. winter seed and three-quarters of a bushel of 01 Vetch 4. do not know local maker bone meal, Apply We any of rye and wheat in equal parts per acre. oats, but you will get it as cheap from the seedsmen who of acid phosphate per acre. 300 pounds advertise in the Planter as from the makers. Ed. September, 25 pounds to 2. Sow the first week in Ed. the acre. Alfalfa. I have four (4) acres in front of my home that I Soja Bean or Corn. am anxious to get into a permanent grass plat, and be raised to the acre as 1. Can as many soja beans alfalfa is my great desire, if this land can be made to com ? grow it. The soil is gray top soil and clay subsoil. feed for horses as corn i 2. Are they as good a Two years ago when I bought it, it was in wheat. fatten cattle as corn ? Z. Will they do as well to Last spring it was well covered with stable manure, 4.' and stock raiser best grow, Which had a farmer which was well worked in. Then it was sowed to ? soja bean or com > peas, growth. vines the -, j which made a tremendous The have been threshed 5 is soja bean straw after they were cut for hay, and the roots and about six inches Heatwole. as good a feed as corn fodder ? W. M. of vine were turned under for green manure, having Rockingham Co., Ya. been limed first to prevent souring. The plat was usually make more 1. No. Soy beans will not then sowed, with disc drill, to winter oats, orchard than 25 or 30 bushels to the acre. grass and clover, with 350 pounds bone meal to the for horses, cattle, acre. I threshed 180 bushels of oats from this field 2. They are valuable as a feed

this season ; but there is miserable stand of grass sheep and hogs, but should not be fed alone. They a forming and the field has been taken possession of by weeds. are rich in protein (the muscle and flesh Now, if I fallow and subsoil this plat now, harrow, matter), and when fed with com supply what that plough and reharrow several times, work in 20 bush- grain lacks in this respect. Cora is a carbonaceous els lime to the acre and 500 pounds bone meal and making fat and supplying heat and needs pro- food sow 20 pounds alfalfa, thoroughly inoculated with complete feed. Much better tein added to make it a alfalfa bacteria from Agricultural Department, will feeding the mixture than results will be had from I be likely to get a good stand, if I sow alfalfa by the from com alone. first week in September ? Or, would you advise sim-

3. See No. 2. ply experimenting with one acre ? I am anxious not 4. A farmer and stock raiser should grow both in to lose this year's time, and yet do not wish to put order to get the best results.. the money in four acres unless there is a good chance — —

1904.] THE SOTJTHEEN PLANTER 595

of getting a stand. Every one in this neighborliood and good mutton. They do well in Eastern Virginia is interested in alfalfa and anxious to see some one when properly cared for, and we think cannot fail to make a stand. Is acid phosphate as good as bone do so in Maryland.

? L. L, L. meal for alfalfa 2. We know of no reason why the Virginia Gray Pittsylvania Co., Va. Winter Oats should not succeed in your section. Your treat this land as We are of opinion that if you climate is very like that of sections where they do stand yon suggest that you will be able to get a good well in this State. The advantage of the winter oat very probable that you have of alfalfa. It is may is that it makes a better yield of heavier oats than take trouble with the weeds the first year, but if you spring varieties do in the warm climate of the South. oare to cut the alfalfa several times, leaving the cut- It grows and matures in the cooler part of the year, the alfalfa ting as a mulch we think that the growth of and the oat being naturally a cool climate crop, this down weeds, as will be vigorous enough to smother the one best suits our climatic conditions. —En. the land is in a good state of fertility. As a source ' 1 good as of phosphoric acid the acid phosphate is as Home Brewed Beer. bone meal, but the bone meal is also a source of nitro- Can you give me, through the columns of the gen, having 4 or 5 per cent, of that element, which is Planter or otherwise, a receipt for making the old- not to be found in the acid phosphate. The phos- fashioned English home brewed ale and beer. This phoric acid in bone meal is slower in action than that is more a question of the home comfort of the agricul-

in acid phosphate, and is therefore more desirable for turist than it is of advancement in agriculture, but I trust a grass or clover crop, Avhich will hold possession of you will consider it within the province of your paper to reply. H. Calhoun, Jr. the land for a number of years. Ed. W. Ashe Co., N. C. When a boy at home in the "Old Country," "brew- Breed of Sheep for Low Country—Winter Oats. ing day" was as regular an event as "baking day." 1. I am making arrangements to start a small flock Home brewed beer was always on draft in the cellar of sheep on a farm in Wicomico county, Md. I want and served on the table at dinner time every day. . a breed that will shear well, and that will mature a good crop of lambs each season for our local market. This was the custom in the homes of both rich and Of course, it is my intention to give the flock the best poor in my county. This is now so long ago that I attention. I have a theory that all breeds of sheep have forgotten the proportions of water and malt do besi; in a high altitude. Am I correct in this. If used. This, however, I do know, that the proportion so, is there a breed that flourishes to a greater extent of water used was large for the quantity of malt, for than all others in a flat such as the Maryland- country no one was ever known to become intoxicated with Delaware-Virginia peninsula is ? Such a breed would the beverage, and yet it was wholesome and nourish- be the one for us, I think. ing. The only ingredients used in making the beer 2. Would winter oats be a safe crop to seed in this were barley malt, hops and water, and it was fer- latitude, which is about the same as that of Culpeper mented with yeast, the custom being to save yeast and Stafford coimties, Va. ? If so, what varieties would best suit the conditions. Spring seeded oats from one brewing to another for this purpose. The do well here, but so far as I know, there never has malt was put into the mash tub, and water, which had been a trial of winter oats in the county. What is boiled and then just had the boiling checked with a the superior advantage of winter oats over spring dash of cold water, was poured upon it, and the mash seeded oats ? C. allowed to stand an hour or so, when the liquor was Wicomico Co., Md. drawn off into another tub and put into a large flxed

1. You are no doubt correct in believing that iron pan with a fire under it and boiled for a certain

nearly all breeds of sheep do best in a moderately time, a few pounds of hops being added to give it a high, rolling country. To do well sheep must have slightly bitter taste. After boiling the liquor was dry feet and dry sleeping quarters. In England cooled, strained, and then set to ferment in a large there are two or three breeds which have been accli- tub, yeast being added to start the fermentation. mated to low lying sections of the country, but they After fermenting 24 hours the beer was then put into are practically unknown here. In our opinion the barrels and kept in the cellar, where it was cool, be- breed which will best meet your conditions is the ing drawn from as required. ^Ed. Shropshire. They have become thoroughly acclimated in this country, and breed lambs that always Frog Farming. rf-]] well on any market. They make a good fleece Can you give me any points about frog raising, — — — — — — —

596 THE SOUTHERN" PLANTEE. [September,

and whether it would be remunerative ? I live on a Staining a Floor. large farm, and think I might utilize a piece of I have a pretty white pine floor in my house. I swamp land, and as I live about fifty miles from find it next to impossible to keep it clean. Washington, thought there might be demand for frog 1. Please tell me some good preparations for color- legs at the large hotels. A Stjbsceiber. ing floors. I prefer something that will not make

Fauquier Co., Va. ihem very dark ? We must frankly confess that we know nothing 2. How much must I get for a room 18x20 feet. about frog farming or its potentialities for profit. Mrs. W. T. Henley. King Possibly some of our readers may know something and Queen Co., Va. paint drug stores sell about it. If so, please reply. Ed. The and staining of various shades for this purpose. Write the Tanner Paint & Oil Co., Richmond, for particulars of these and quan- Vinegar. tity necessary. Say we referred you to them. Ed. Can you or your readers tell me how to keep vinegar to have it strong for a long time ? Chesterfield Co., Va. H. Dewhtjest. Johnson Grass. ISText spring I propose to put in Johnson grass sev- The vinegar after it is sour should be drawn off eral acres of my farm, and in the meantime would into clean casks or bottles and be sealed up tightly, like to get the experience of others who have grown and it will keep its sourness indefinitely. Ed. this grass north of Richmond, Va. What I wish particularly to ascertain is the effect of our northern

Removing Stumps. winters upon it. ,Will it withstand our frost? Could you please give me advice in the September District of Columbia. R. S. Lacy. issue of the Planter as to which is the safest and Will some reader who has had experience in the cheapest to blow out stumps, mostly white oak, way section referred to please reply. We know there are from 10 to 20 inches in diameter, trees having been numbers of farmers in that section who have Jried the cut down for several years. Should you advise dyna- grass. Ed. mite, then please let me know how same must be handled and where it can be bought, and in what Seed Oats and Wheat. amount and price. A Subscriber. Please answer in next issue whether it is better to Lunenburg Co., Va. sow now the winter oat from the fall or spring seed- Dynamite is the safest, surest and cheapest means ing, and if it would not pay to get our seed wheat to use to remove stumps. Twenty cents' worth of from a limestone section ? Can you recommend a dynamite will remove any one of such stumps as you person or locality from whence same can be procured ? mention when properly applied. It requires some Mecklenburg, Co., Va. C. B. Ceowder. however, to where best to place the practice, know Sow winter oats from a fall seeded crop. It would the best is to bore a hole into charge. Usually way ]irobably pay to get seed wheat from a limestone sec- and between the main the stump near the ground tion, if not too far away from your section. The a lang shank and bore the roots. Use an augur with best crops are usually made from seed acclimated to an inch larger than the hole about one-eighth of the section w^here groA^^l. See our advertising col- that it will diameter of the cartridge of dynamite, so umns for the names of parties offering seed wheat sufficient, but go in easily. One cartridge is usually and oats. Ed. in an old, large stump two are more certain. Bore centre of stump. Before the hole well into the the "Can Alfalfa Be Made Into Good Silage?" inserting the cartridge insert the exploding cap and The above question asked you in the July South- fuse and then push the cartridge home and tamp ern Planter is fully answered in Farmers' Bulletin, solid with soil, tamping gently at first and more 'No. 124, which can be obtained by writing to U. S. firmly as the hole is filled. Let the fuse extend a foot Department of Agriculture. This bulletin says it or eighteen inches beyond the hole, and after lighting can. R. L. Waldrop. Mabelton, Va. it get 100 yards away. It is as safe an explosive as can be used, and with ordinary care in handling no The bulletin referred to contains a report of a accident need occur. Write Southern Railway Sup- small experiment made at the Colorado Station, ply Co., whose ad. you will find in the Planter, for which was a comparative success. There does not any practical work on l)r{c.e of dynamite, telling them the purpose for which appear, however, to have been you want it. ^Ed. this line on a large scale anywhere. Ed. — —

3 904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 597

Grass Seeding. duction of stalk at the expense of the ear. This ten- If convenient and space permits, would like to have dency it is desirable to counteract by selection. The yon advise, through the Plantee., the best method to tassels of all barren stalks should be cut off before put about 100 acres in grass for pasture this fall, if they disseminate pollen. If this practice. was con- possible; 30 acres upland wheat stubble, 50 acres up- sistently followed by all corn gTOwers the percentage land oat stubble, 20 acres bottom, in corn now. Some of barren stalks in corn crops could be rapidly reduced very intend to manure. It is quite a poor spots we and the yield of crops be largely increased. Ed. distance from the barns, so will probably have to use fertilizer and lime on all of it except probably the Patent Fertilizer Lime. bottom land. Any advice you can give us will prob- Will you please advise me through the columns of ably interest others, as a great many in this section your paper as to the advisability of using "patent intend to seed down pastitre. Would also like tO' jirocess fertilizer lime," as per enclosed pamphlet, in know the best seed and quantity for permanent pas- the place of acid phosphate and potash, on a pea stub- ture. The soil is rather heavy, part red, part gray, ble for wheat ? clav subsoil. Elkton Stock Farm. What relation has this lime the old agricultural Bedford Co., Va. to lime and to land plaster, as to results or action on the In our August issue in the article "Work for the soil ? If the same, is the quantity suggested, 250 Month" we wrote somewhat fully on the subject of poixnds per acre, suificient ? ^Vhat would be the re- seeding to grass, and to this article refer the enquirer. sult if used with other fertilizers ? A Subsceibee. The wheat and oat stubble can well be seeded this Culpeper Co., Va. fall. It ought, if possible, to be done this month, so The Ohio Experiment Station has conducted ex- that the crop get well started before winter. may periments with this so-called hydrated lime in com- Prepare the land as finely as possible plowing and by parison with common lime, and reports as follows: frequent working with the harrow (the cutaway or "We have as yet no reason to believe that the so- disc is best), roller and smoothing harrow. Apply called 'fertilizer lime' possesses any virtues not found lime, say from 25 50 bushels to the acre, after to in common lime." plowing and work this in. Then just previous to Lime is not strictly a fertilizer, and cannot be sowing the seed apply from 3 to 500 pounds of bone made to take the place of plant food in the form of meal to the acre, and work in. grass seeds alone Sow manure or fertilizer. Its beneficial effects arise from without a grain crop, and cover lightly by rolling if its power to make inert plant food in the soil avail- dry enough, followed by the smoothing harrow. For able, and to its action on the physical and mechani- pasture mix orchard grass, tall meadow oat grass, cal condition of the soil. Lime in any form should herds grass, fescue, Virginia blue meadow grass and not be used immeidately in connection with commer- perennial rye grass in equal parts and by measure cial fertilizers or farm-yard manure. Used in con- sow at the rate of 3 bushels to the acre, adding also nection with fertilizer it has the effect of reverting 5 pounds of alsike or red clover acre. per The corn the phosphoric acid into an insoluble form, and in hmd cannot seeded with fair be a prospect of success connection with manure of releasing the ammonia. this fall. Sow it in crimson clover, wheat, oats and Ed. rye mixed for winter and spring pasture. Plow To Prevent Skippers in Hams. down in spring and sow to peas and then sow grass I see several inquiries in the Southeen Plantee in the fall.—Ed. as to keeping skippers out of hams. For sixteen years I have cured from one hundred to one hundred Selection of Seed Corn— Barren Stalks. and fifty hams per year, and have not had a skipper on any of them. When you take the meat out of the If there are two or more ears of corn on a stalk, salt to hang it, clean off the loose salt and apply pul- would the top or bottoha ear make the best seed ? and verized borax to the cut parts freely. Skippers will does it make the seed worse to allow stalks that have not bother the meat if kept in a light smokehouse. tassels and no ears to remain in the field, or should A large baking powder can with holes in the top is a they be cut out ? W. H, Clakk. good thing with which to apply the borax. I have JPatrick Co., Va. never had any complaint from my customers, and the It is usually best to select the bottom ear as seed hams do not show that the borax has been used, and from this ear is likely to induce the habit of earing it is not injurious. All the farmers in this section of nearer the ground and reducing the height the of the country use this remedy, and there is very little com. All com grown in the South has a tendency to loss from skippers. Alexander Black. grow too tall, thus expending plant food in the pro- Montrjornery Co., Va,. 698 THE SOUTHEEl^ PLANTER. [September, Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH. plication of a top dressing of nitrate of soda, 100 The wDrk of harvesting and storing or shipping the pounds to the acre. They should begin to head up in

various fruit and root crops vs^ill require constant at- October and complete their growth by November. tention this month. Do not allow fruit to hang on the tree until it has become overripe, nor allow root Seed should be sowed towards the end of the month crops to remain in the ground after they have ma- for the crop of early spring cabbages. The best va- tured. The sooner they are gathered after they are riety to sow is Early Jersey Wakefield. Do not make ripe or matured enough to keep the better they will the seed bed too rich. Short, stout, stocky plants are

keep through the winter and the nicer condition they what is needed, ready to set out in October and No- will be in when shipped to market. All fruit and vember. root crops pass through a "sweat" after they are gathered, and they should not be stored for winter keeping Potato onion sets should be planted out this month until this "sweat" is over. Place them under cover on rich, well prepared, land. Set in rows 15 or 18 in any airy, dry place in small piles or heaps until inches apart and 6 or 8 inches apart in the rows. they have ceased to sweat, then carefully sort them These make the earliest green bunch onions for over and take out for immediate use all damaged spring, and a crop of dry onions which will mature specimens or those giving indications of early decay. for market before any of the seed varieties. Only perfectly sound fruit or tubers of any kind should go into winter storage or be shipped to market. Apples and pears keep best stored in slatted bins or Seed may be sowed towards the end of the month ventilated barrels in a dry, airy room, where an in beds to raise plants of the different seed onions for equable temperature well above the freezing point setting out in the spring. Sow the seed thinly. can be maintained. Irish' potatoes, turnips, beets, Southport White Globe, Pearl, Yellow Danvers and mangels and carrots keep well stored in dry cellars Red Wethersfield are good varieties. well covered with straw, or made into pies or kilns on high dry ground, and well covered with straw and soil Seed should be sown in beds to raise lettuce plants aufBcient to keep out rain and frost. Onions keep for setting in cold frames for winter cutting and for best stored on slatted shelves in a dry, airy room or plants for spring planting. Sow where the plants shed, where the temperature will not go down below can be protected by mats or brush in winter. the freezing point. Sweet potatoes require to be kept at about 45 or 50 degrees, and should be well dried Strawberry plants may be set out in this and the off by a higher temperature than this before being following month. Prepare the land well and give it closed up for the winter. In the absence of such a a good coating of farm-yard manure, 300 pounds of warm cellar as this, they may be kept in kilns or pies cotton seed meal and 300 or 400 pounds of acid phos- well packed in pine tags or dry sand and covered phate and 100 pounds of muriate of potash to the thickly with straw and soil. acre. Set the plants in rows 18 inches apart and 15 inches apart in the rows. Make the holes large Prepare the land for and sow kale and winter enough for the roots of the plants to be well spread spinach in the place where the crop is to grow to ma- out and press the soil firmly to the plants, leaving the turity. These crops do not require the land to be crowns of the plants just above the level of the soil. over rich or they make too tender a growth to stand the winter frosts, yet they require a fair supply of Clean up all trash, vines and vegetable refuse, and plant food to push them into growth in time for early either burn the same or compost with hot farm-yard shipping North or for home use in the early winter manure, so as to destroy weed seeds and fungous months. Sow in driHs 2 feet apart and do not sow germs. too thickly.

Sow crimson clover or hairy vetch on all land not The fall crop of cabbages and broccoli should be set wanted for winter crops, so as to conserve and improve out and pushed in growth by ciiltivation and the ap- the fertility of the land. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 599

HISTORY OF THE PEACH. yellows" was first recognized in 1867. In 1880 Editor Southern Planter: many pioneers in peach culture at St. Joseph and The peach has an interesting history. Whence Benton Harbor had their orchards laid waste by "yel- came the long list of over 300 varieties we now have lows," and they gave up in despair. Large orchards in in cultivation ? Why is it that we have varieties now were destroyed in Delaware by yellows 1890. in cultivation pecTiliarly adapted to the citrus belt, but Many of the large experiments with peaches were will not fruit at all in more northern climates ? Also, made in the ISTorthem States with what we call the why is it that we have varieties hardy in bud and sure "Persian Pace" of peaches. In the meanwhile a bearers in the middle States, but will not bear at all most important evolution was taking place in the in the citrus belt ? The reasons are clearly brought South, about which little was being said. The "Per- out in the story of the peach's history. Therefore sian Eace," the meaning of which I will explain later this history is not only interesting because it is about on, proved to be very unreliable in the South. In one of our most important luscious friuts, but also fact, in some States, it scarcely bore at all. Peach because most important lessons in regard to the cul- stones were imported from other countries with the ture of the peach may be learned from its history. hope of getting something better. From these im- We have made a classification of the peach into five portations new races have sprung into existence that races, based largely upon the origin and history of the are now revolutionizing peach growing in the ISTorth- varieties. Since this classification became known ern as well as in the Southern States. Enterprising more sure bearing orchards have been planted in the nurserymen and individual growers were trying to Southern States, where peach culture is now develop- find varieties better suited to the Southern tier of ".ig most rapidly. States. jSTumerous seedling trees were grown from

The origin of the peach is shrouded in mystery. trees that fruited at home and also from seed obtain- One author states that it was evidently in the ''Garden ed from China, Australia, England, France and pf Eden." It was known to Theophratus 332 years Spain. Here and there the best trees that fruited

B. C. . Its congener, the almond, is mentioned in the from the seedlings were saved. In some instances the Bible as occurring in the days of Jacob. Alphonso foreign trees were grown near the native trees and de Candolle claims that the peach originated in China nature crossed them. Seedlings from these crosses instead of Western Asia, as commonly supposed. Im- were fruited and varieties were produced that sur- portations of peach stones, he claims, from China into passed everything in the peach line known in the Bokhara and Persia very possibly took place. That world's history of the peach before. They are still the peach originated from the almond, as advocated being produced every year. It is too early to write a by Knight, is refuted by De Candolle on the ground full history of the peach along this line, since we are of botanical differences and geographical botany. "It in the midst of a great evolutionary period. Peach was brought from Persia to Italy by the Eomans in orchards on a gigantic scale are being set. It took the time of the Emperor Claudius." over a century to learn that the peach from Persia The history of the peach really begins with the im- was not well suited to the Central and Southern portation of this fruit into Italy, where a considerable States. A peach orchard of 9,000 acres is being set quantity of it was grown at the beginning of the in Texas, and when completed, will be the largest Christian era. It was cultivated in Britain in 1550, peach orchard ever known in the world. The races and was brought to the United States about 1760. of peaches that make such large orchards possible as Peach trees were found growing wild in Arkansas a financial enterprise at this time should be under- by IvTuttall in 1812. The first effort to start a good- stood with clearness. sized peach orchard in the United States that I find We divide the cultivated varieties of peaches into any account of, was made by Mr. Bayley, of Acco five distinct races. (The botanical characteristics of mac county, Va. He planted 6,300 trees in an or- these five rfices are described in detail by the author chard. The next commercial orchard was planted in in Bulletin ISTo. 36, Texas Experiment Station.) Delaware in 1832 by Isaac Peeves and Jacob Eidg- The differences in these five races have -been way, near Delaware City. Earlier varieties of the brought about by the varieties having been grown so Alexander type were introduced in the seventies, and long in widely different climates. they encouraged the peach industry greatly. In a The Persian race originated in the high altitudes of few sections of Michigan and Delaware the peach in- Persia. Hence, many of these varieties are not at all dustry developed tapidly until the dreaded "peach suited to climates where the temperature seldom goes 600 THE SOUTHEEK PLANTER [September,

down as low as 25 degrees E. Some of tlie varieties varieties are called "Indian peaches." These varie- are tender in bud. Sucb varieties as Alexander, Old ties bear heavily, and come further South than those * Mixon, Stump and Crawford belong to this race. Eor of the North China race. The name "Spanish Eace" nearly two centuries varieties belonging to this race was given because this group came from Spain to the were the only ones planted in the United States. United States. Therefore the many failures made (especially in the The South China race has been developed from the Southern States) can be readily accounted for. It is honey peach. From all I can learn, the honey peach probable that we may find varieties from another race was imported from China by Chas. Downing at the less susceptible to attacks of yellows and rosette than same time the Chinese Cling variety was, in 1850. varieties belonging to this race. If so, the many The original potted tree never fruited with him, but waste places in the ISTorth where orchards now have when a budded tree from it was sent further South been laid low by these dreaded diseases may be made and placed in the care of the late Henry Lyon, Co- to bloom crimson and pink again with the peach each lumbia, S. C, it bore fruit. Later, the variety was recurring spring. This is a line of experimental placed in the hands of P. J. Berkmans, Augusta, work certainly worth trial in such localities. Ga., and the only stock was held by him until 1858,

The ITorth China race is by far the most importaiit when it was sent out the first time. The variety did one known to the peach world. The Chinese Cling not fruit well at Augusta, Ga., but when sent further

(Shanghai), which is the mother of the race, was south into Florida and Texas it bore well. The Cli- brought over from China by Chas. Downing, through max, Coleman, Early China and Pallas are varieties Mr. Winchester, the British Consul at Shanghai. Mr. that have come from this race. They fruit well in Henry Lyon, of Columbia, S. C, to whom Mr. Down- the extreme Southern States. Honey is supposed to ing sent a potted tree, was the first to fruit it in 1850. have developed in Southern China, hence the name of A second importation was made by Dr. William A. the race. W. Spottswood, of the United States Navy, in 1860, The Peen-to race grows best in the northern part of and the peach stones were presented to Judge Camp- the citrus belt. The original Peen-to variety was im- bell, of Pensacola, Fla. From this importation ported from Australia by P. J. Berckmans in 1869,

originated Lee, Stonewall and Spottswood varieties. but it it came originally from China, where it is still Afterward, Mr. P. J. Berkmans and his father ob- well known. Angel and Waldo varieties are the most tained a full set of the varieties from Mr. Campbell noted varieties belonging to this race. This race is and began to experiment with this race. They origi- supposed to have originated in a very warm climate nated and introduced many valuable varieties. There of China, and it comes further south in the United are other noted varieties that came from this race, States than any other peach. Consequently, bearing such as Carman, Mamie Ross, Family Favorite, etc., peach orchards are now growing further south, where but the most noted of them all is the Elberta. It it was impossible to produce the peach with other heads the list of all American varieties of peaches, varieties before. and has proved to be a most wonderful stimulus to We have our bearings now. Lasting foundations orchard planting in the United States. It originated for successful peach culture in the United States have from Chinese Cling seed planted in 1870 by Samuel

I have been unable to find definite statements in re- (!rs are taking new courage and are planting peach gard' to the history of this race. It is commonly orchards south as a result of development of sure called "native peach," in many of the Southern bearing varieties. Golden harvests await intelligent

States. Such varieties as Cabler, Columbia, Gal- peach planting in Vii'ginia. Let iis not forget such veston, Texas and Victoria belong to this race. Some important early efforts that laid the foundations upon

' of the red streaked varieties were grown by the In- which we are building. . E. H. Price. dians, and hence, in some Southern localities, such Montgomery Co., Va. —

1904.] THE SOUTHERE' PLANTER. 601 Live Stock and Dairy.

STOCK FARMING IN THE SOUTH. alone, in many instances using other cows to make Editor Southern Planter: up for the paucity of milk of the fleshy parent, and I am mucli interested in the article in your Jnly on the other hand, the milch herds rearing their number on the "Dual Purpose Short Horn," followed calves on skimmed milk for milking purposes ; and bv the comments made by Prof. Massey in your Au- that in the sporadic cases, where beef and milk were gust number. attempted to be combined, better results would have Just a vear ago I devoted the time usually spent been attained had one object alone been essayed. on my annual vacation in Europe, to visiting many In reply to comments made along this line of rather an inquiring character, so great an expert, both of of the leading herds of cattle in England ; those alike of tenant farmer and of landed proprietor. As there Short Horn and of Jersey cattle as Mr. John Thorn- seems to be some misapprehension as to the meaning ton, of London, whose portrait is about to be pre- of the word "Tenant Earmer," just one word by way sented to him by the Short Horn Society for services of e:iplanation. It does not necessarily signify what rendered the breed, sagely remarked, that one so in- the term to some might convey; a small farmer of terested must from an economic standpoint choose the limited means, but simply conveys the idea of one field for his proposed operations and then follow, who for some reason or other rents the land which he either into the production of milk or beef. That as the ccupies. Eor instance, Mr. Taylor, of Cranford, capacity for the production of milk is increased, the Middlesex county, to whom you refer in your article, power to make marketable flesh is diminished, and

vice ; is a gentleman farmer, who regularly hunts with versa and so far as I could ascertain, this Lord Fitzharding's hounds, and owns a very large opinion voices that of the best and most accomplished herd oi pure bred Short Horns, with which he sup- cattlemen of England. plies milk to the nearby market of London. He So much for the "dual purpose" animal. I shall rents, like many another, because it is impossible in not discuss the merits of the Short Horn in the dairy. many instances in England, either on account of the All pure breeds have good points. It may be noted, disinclination of owners themselves or through family however, in connection with this dual purpose siibject trusts, to break the tenure of the land immediately that the milking Short Horn scarcely seems to furnish adjacent to great cities. what may be called the "Farmer's cow," as we would understand the term for it is not usually a good rust- At the time of my trip, I proposed—a plan which ; has since materialized—to own a farm in Virginia. ler, under adverse circumstances, nor does it seem I sought on my travels to find just such an animal as to be improved from a constitutional standpoint by you describe in your article, what I may call a "Far- development along dairy lines. Of course, as a beef mer's Joy"—a grand milker during life and a fat producer, the Short Hern is unexcelled. carcass at death. What, to my mind, is really in the contemplation In search of information and through the kindness of English breeders is this question: After all has of friends, I visited many herds, including that of been said and done, has not too much attention been, His Majesty at Windsor, where Short Horns and paid to the production of a beef type, when a dis^ Herefords for beef purposes flourish. Lord Roths- tinctly milking strain would at the same cost have pro- child's herd at Tring Park, where the milch cow duced threefold the profit f For some years Lord Rothschild has evidently been- reigns supreme ; and also the herd of Mr. Taylor, of Cranford, whose sale some months later of milking of the latter opinion, and with the aid of his very able Short Horns you refer to. assistant, Mr. Richardson Carr, he has done much to Other herds of beef and milking strains, but less lead the advanced thought of that country, to a break- noted, were inspected by me, but as two of these are ing away from what had almost become a religion certainly conducted for profit—Lord Rothchild's and the breeding of Short Horns as distinctly fat cattle. Mr. Taylor's—and as they represent the class, re- His beautiful home at Tring Park, alike the Mecca spectively of land owner and tenant farmer, I need for financier and lover of nature, has been devoted to not enumerate further as to my opportunities for ob- the upbuilding of two great dairy herds to a success- servation. The one fact that stood out prominently ful financial basis, and the yearly milking competi- aH the idea dominant v/ith the individual breeder was tions at the show which he has fostered has done that all of the great establishments specialized, and knightly service in the determination of this question. that those developing beef cattle strove for that object The relative value of beef and dairy products to 602 THE SOUTHERIT PLANTER. [September,

the farmer is well set forth in a recent number of the recent trip taken by me in the company of a well- "Live Stock Journal," of London (the leading British knovpn cattle fancier, to Massachusetts. breeder's journal), by a distinguished writer, when We journeyed to a spot high among the bleakest of he says: "A gallon of milk is worth as much as a the New England mountains to inspect a pure bred pound of beef in summer, and a pound and one-half herd, owned by a small farmer, who, twenty-five years in winter. Three gallons of milk would be pro- ago, had travelled in his overalls to Pennsylvania, duced at the same cost as one pound of beef, so far as and later to the Massachusetts coast, and had secured actual cost of food is concerned. That the only de- a few registered cows. He had no bull, and was com- partment of farming that could in England be said pelled to drive his cows twenty-five miles to be bred. to have paid in the past twenty-five years was dairy- He had tended his little herd and peddled his butter ing, there being but one condition of success—the in the market, a trip of fourteen miles ; he made as possession of a good class of dairy cows." his herd increased repeated sales, and had lived to

The lesson, then, that it seems to the writer of this see the day when, without either the proximity of a communication which should be brought home to our great market, such as that of Mr. Taylor at Cranford, farmers is, that they should look deeper into the England, nor a beautiful catalogue of sale setting question whether they cannot more jDrofitably, through forth in enticing form the long line of ancestry of the introduction of co-operative creameries, or other Middlesex cattle, men of purpose travelled days to means, handle the stictly dairy animal, rather than visit his Guernseys, and eagerly bought such of his devote their energies to the fattening of cattle, the herd as he would part with at about the same average market price for which is no longer subject to logical price per head as those obtained for the Short Horns calculation, but rather the creature of monopolistic in England—the sale that has been made the subject dictation. of a leading article in your valued journal, and also Should one look with favor upon these ideas, he in the "Breeder's Gazette." would but be following in the footsteps of the thrifty Had this man's cattle been grades, they would have and pi'osperous farmers of the Eastern and Middle been possibly worth thirty-five dollars per head at his States, whose sale of milk, production of cream, remote place. Such, then, has been the reward to manufacture of butter and cheese, with the natural persevering effort to establish a pedigreed herd by a incidents to dairying, the fattening of hogs, and the small farmer. rearing of poultry, have added many millions to the As to the value of agricultural shows, although they wealth of those sections. may have been tried, and may have been abandoned, they are necessary to development, and are always to One word further: It seems to me that there is a be found in communities where marked success is at- failure to appreciate to the fullest extent two cardinal tendant upon effort along agricultural lines. They principles of success: First, that where it is possible, should by all means be encouraged in Virginia in par- one should breed only the best pure bred animals ob- ticular, and in the South in general. tainable; and secondly, that there must be some The people of this community are, to my mind, means found, such as State and local agricultural among the most advanced in their ideas and methods shows, to form the basis in Virginia of fair compari-

of agriculture in the South ; and this section of the son and honest rivalry between a like breed and breed- State, with Baltimore so near at ers. Washington and hand, is peculiarly adapted to the development of a As to the first, it is passing strange that a people great dairy industry; so with a general introduction who have been the conservators of the thoroughbred of pure breeds of dairy cattle, and of swine, I shall horse for many generations should be forgetful of the hopefully await the time when energy directed along fact that the same idea of breeding, which, when ap- the lines of least resistance shall make blossom the plied to the horse, means the safe negotiation of the fruitful fields of beautiful Loudoun. stiffest of hunting countries, when applied to the Westmoreland Davis. lower domestic animals, means the acute and accurate Morven Park, Leesburg, Va. development along the productive lines desired. Lowly and homely as such virtues of breeding may seem to be, they are, after all, great factors in the MILK FEVER. accumulation and development of a nation's wealth. (Continued from last month.) The best illustration that I have had of the value The accompanying cut shows the appliance now in to the farmer—not as a rich man's fancy, but as a use at the Veterinary Department of the Virginia poor man's business, of the pure bred was had upon a Polytechnic Institute Experiment Station for admin- 1904.] THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 603

istering this treatment, and in the writer's opinion it thoroughly washed with a 2 per cent, creoline or car- has the most advantages, with fewer drawbacks than bolic acid solution. Where it appears desirous to any yet devised, either there or elsewhere, and is one employ the Schmidt treatment in conjunction with which can be as safely employed by the layman as the the filtered air (as it is in all violent cases which oc- most experienced veterinarian, provided instructions cur in 24 hours or less after calving), two drachms are closely observed and followed. The accompany- of potassium iodide is dissolved in one quart of warm ing cut represents an ordinary bulb syringe of the water (blood heat) that has been previously boiled, best quality, the tubing of which is sufficiently large one-fourth of which is to be pumped into each quar- to admit of an ordinary Faber lead pencil. This ter of the udder through the instrument previously size is preferable to the small tubes. Inserted into described, and which has been rendered absolutely the hard rubber pipe at A is a medium-sized milking clean by immersing and pumping through it the tube, which is pushed home sufficiently far to be creoline or carbolic solution, as the case may be. air-tight at the point of union. (See cut.) The udder is next inflated with air, which is done as Figure B represents an ordinary milking tube, this style being preferable. 'No objection can be raised to the ringed style, the rings being easily removed to admit of d eper insertion into the hard rubber pipe. Figure C represents a piece of quartpr-inch glass tubing from 1^ to 2 incljes long, which is inserted into the rubber pipe, the darkened tnd representing a plug of sterilized absorbent cotton inserted, through which the air must pass, and Avhich effectually robs it of all contamination. iSTo objection, however, can be raised to inserting the cotton into the end of the soft rubber pipe, in case the proper tubing cannot be obtained. Technique of the Operation.— When the patient is discovered in a comatose or semi-comatose condition, and is unable to rise or even control her action, but remains in whatever position she may be placed, no time must be lost in placing her in as natural a position as possible—viz., propped up on her breast bone with her head drawn round on her side (see cut). Sbe can best be kept in this position by sacks filled with straw or hay, ftufficient of which should be pro- INSTEUMENT BEST SUITED FOE ADMINlSTEEIlTG TEEATMENT. vided to prevent to injury her Lower figure represents syringe for giving the Potassium Iodide solution. head and horns, if semi-comatose, Upper figure represents syringe equipped with air filtering attachment. syringe and tube. for in this condition she frequently A, point of union between hard rubber pipe of milking C, piece of \ inch glass tubing, IJ to 2 inches long, with sterilized absorbent throws her head violently around cotton inserted at entrance, through which the air must pass, and which robs it in her delirious efforts. Atten- of infection. tion must now be directed to her

udder, with as little delay as possible. See that her follows : The syringe should be worked until the ope- X^osition is not injurious to that organ, which must be rator is satisfied that all moisture as far as possible raised off the ground and clean cloths placed under has been removed. This can be done in from one to it. All milk must nOAv be removed and the teats three minutes. At the entrance of the syringe a : ;

604 THE SOUTHERiT PLANTER. [September,

small piece of glass tubing packed witb sterilized ab- after calving, or those upon which treatment had been sorbent cotton is inserted (see cut) tight enough so delayed several hours from the commencement of the that all air passing is effectually filtered and yet not attack, should receive it, although mild cases yield so tight as to impede its free passage. The tube B readily to the air alone. (disinfected and washed in boiled water) is again in- The following records of cases give a fair idea of troduced into the teat and the quarter inflated to its the effectiveness of the treatment, and what may be fullest capacity, and so on until all have again been looked for in similar cases treated, the tube being disinfected and rinsed in Case No. 1.-—Jersey cow, 6 years old; dropped boiled water after each teat has been treated. Knead- calf on Tuesday afternoon; appeared normal until ing and rubbing the udder thoroughly assists the air Wednesday at 4 P. M., when she developed unmis- and potassium solution in more rapid absorption by takable evidence of an attack of parturient paresis. spreading it over a greater mucus surface. The cow Some delay was occasioned in getting a supply of must be kept in position and should have con- boiled water, it being 5 ;30, when injection was given. stant attendance until consciousness returns, which By this time she was rapidly sinking into uncon- usually occurs in from two to twelve hours, and sciousness. The symjDtoms were checked in less than sometimes even less. After she rises very little fur- half an hour, and held so, and at 2 A. M. she rose to ther treatment is required beyond restricting the diet her feet, and made, an uninterrupted recovery, re- and milking at regular intervals to restore the func- turning to her full milking capacity on the third day tion of the udder. Where recovery is delayed and —no udder complications whatever. indications of return to consciousness are wanting, Case No. 2. —Shorthorn Jersey grade, five years

the Schmidt injection should be repeated in about calved at 6 A. M., normal ; at 6 P. M. was somewhat eight hours, air being introduced as soon and often restless, and did not yield her usual flow of milk.

as the udder is sufficiently slack to receive it. The I^^Tothing was thought of this by the owner until next increasing amount of milk in the udder may be re- morning, when she was down and unable to rise and garded as a most favorable sign. After apparent re- semi-conscious. Treatment was applied at 8 :30. To covery, it sometimes happens that the bowels are ob- tlie utter surprise of every one present she was on her stinately constipated from impaired peristaltic ac- feet and feeding at 11:30, or three hours after the

tion of their muscular coats, due to deficient nerve first treatment ; returned to her full flow of milk on force. This is to be relieved by a moderate dose of second day, and made an uninterrupted recovery. 3. epsom salts, 1 to 1-^ pounds, to which should be added Case No. —Grade, six years old ; dropped calf one-half ounce of ginger and one drachm powdered Tliursday afternoon. On Friday afternoon present- nux vomica, the latter drug to be repeated in the ed symptoms of illness, and at 4 P. M. went down, same dose every eight hours for several days, and and was unable to rise; was made as comfortable as only the most easily digested and laxative diet allow- circumstances would permit, but was left alone for ed in restricted quantities, together with a liberal the night without further treatment than a dose of supply of pure spring water. In no case is drench- salts. Next morning Avas found by the owner per- ing admissible diirinf/ the period of coma. Success- fectly helpless and apparently dead, except for her ful and non-successful treatment usually hinges here, mechanical breathing. The writer was sent for, and and drenches given at this time often prove fatal, or reached the patient at ]1:30 A. M., or upwards of produce serious complications, which might twenty hours from time of collapse. Treatment was have been avoided, and at best can be prndnc- given with as little delay as possible, and results tive of little or no good, as the intestinal absorbents closely watched. In two hours the pulse, which had are in a state of extreme inactivity, and if the been previously imperceptible, was showing some drenches actually escape doing injury to the patient, strength, and at 4 o'clock she was able to hold her are not absorbed until recovery takQS place and play head up and returned to consciousness. Heart and no part whatever in bringing about that result. Some nerve stimulants were given at regular intervals, and practitioners contend that the potassium iodide is next morning she rose and walked out into the ad-

superfluous when air or oxyffen is freely employed, joining lot and ate a little grass. That evening, how- and while this is undoubtedly the case with many ever, she relapsed into unconsciousness and died be- patients, in the writer's opinion the drug often has- fore morning without further treatment. Had this tens what would otherwise be a delayed recovery, the case been treated early in the attack, or had the case action of the drug being to stimulate the absorbent been at the hospital and the udder treatment renewed system and cause the more rapid expulsion of the on Sunday morning and evening, in the writer's opin- poison from the system. If an opinion were ven- ion a good recovery could have been obtained. tured as to which should and which should not re- Cffl.se No. 4. —Guernsey cow, 7 years old and very ceive the potassium iodide solution, we would say fat; calved Tuesday during the day. On Wednes- that all cases occurring in less than twenty-four hours day at 3 :30 was foiind down and unconscious. The :

1904.] THE SOUTHER^T PLANTER. 605 writer reached the case and had treatment applied at without delay. Make your antiseptic precautions a 4:15, and although she was perfectly unconscious at strong feature of the whole procedure, remembering that hour, at 5 :30, or in one hour and fifteen min- that infection introduced into the udder will not utes after treatment, she held her Jiead up and necessarily impede the action of the treatment so far fought flies and caressed her calf ; rose to her feet at as parturient paresis is concerned, but will be fol- 10 P. M., and was chewing her cud the next morn- lowed by disastrous consequences (infective inflam- ing when visited. This case returned to her milk mation) after apparent recovery. And in no case promptly, and in less than a week was one of the attempt drenching during the comatose or semi- heaviest producers in a herd of nearly a hundred. comatose period. In the last case a very slight swelling recurred in Prevention of the Disease.—Since it is known the right fore 'quarter of her udder, due probably to from observation that only the best milkers when in injury through lying on it, but which disappeared high condition are subjects of this disease, much can after a few applications of comphorated liniment. be done in the way of preventing its appearance or at Other cases might be cited had their records been least modifying its severity. The first condition—^viz kept, but the above indicates very clearly what may gi-eat lacteal development being the highest aim of the be expected under similar circumstances. practical dairjTuan, it would be impractical to in any Summary.—Be sure your case is one of parturient wa}' check that quality beyond for a short period, as pai jsis. Place her in the position indicated (see without it, it were foolish to attempt to direct a suc- cut), propped iip on her breast bone. Milk out the cessful dairy business. This is impossible with any udder clean, and protect it from the ground with Imt the highest producers. This being so the dairy- clean cloths. Disinfect the teats, hands and syringe. man's attention should be directed towards the cow's Dissolve two drachms potassium iodide in one quart condition just previous to and at the parturient sea- v/arm water (blood heat) that has been previously son. A cow in high condition and heavy milker boiled, one-fourth of which is now to be injected into should be compelled to take regiilar daily exercise one quarter. The tube being withdrawn from the previous to calving, and her food should be cur- teat is now again dipped into the creoline or carbolic tailed and of a laxative character. It is also a safe solution and rinsed oif with boiled water, is inserted practice to give a purgative of epsom salts, one to one into the second, third and fourth teats under the and one-half pounds, a few days previous to calving, same antiseptic precautions as the first. The syringe and again a smaller or similar dose a few hours fol- is now allowed a few minutes to dry, which can be lowing that act, and the amount of rich food should hastened by pumping air through it. The inlet to be restricted for a few days until the dangerous the syringe now packed with a plug of sterilized ab- period has passed. English writers upon the sub- sorbent cotton and again pumped through it a few ject contend that cows which have been milked clean times, everything is now ready for the second por- immediately and for three days after calving are tion of the operation—viz., the introduction of air more subject to milk fever and claim to have lessen- into the udder. Again the tube, disinfected and ed to a very great extent the number of cases by only washed, is introduced into the first teat, an assistant partially milking out the udder for several days after manipulates the rubber ball until the quarter is fully calving. The writer cannot account for such results, inflated. The tube being withdrawn, the teat is now but they appear to be proven. Granting such to be sfcured by clean tape to prevent the escape of the case, there is hope that more light may yet be air. All teats are treated in exactly the same way looked for as to the true character of the disease, and with the same disinfecting and rinsing of the tube following along that line with judgment can do no between injections. Keep the cow in as comfortable harm-. and protected a position as possible. If in two hours Appliances for giving proper treatment can be ob- she has not risen to her feet or is showing symptoms tained from the surgical instrument dealers or can of returning consciousness, and the udder is less tense, be made by obtaining a milking tube as per cut and more air is to be introduced imder precisely the same a bnlb syringe of the best qiiality having large size antiseptic precautions. If, after eight hours she still fulling, and a supply of absorbent cotton and creoline. remains comatose, the potassium iodide injection ^Hiking tubes may be obtained through any good should be repeated. If after she has risen to her dmg store, or from surgical instrument dealers, such feet her bowels remain inactive a dose of salts com- as Haussmann & Dunn or Sharp & Smith, Chicago, bined with ginger and nnx vomica may be given with 111. JoHi^ Spencer, good results. The diet should be restricted for a Virrjinia Potytechnic Institute, BlacJcshurg, Va. few days, usually three, and a complete recovery may be looked for. Careful watching for the first twenty- four hours after she rises is advisable that any re- lapse may be noticed early and the treatment renewed In writing to advertisers, mention Pi^anter. 606 THE SOUTHERJ^ PLAJSTTEE. [September,

PRINCE BARBARA, 68904, SIRE PRIMCE ITO, DAM now. John Fulton, of the Angora Association, says BARBARA OF WOODLAWN. he has made some very good sales in Boston. We in This great son of the Highland ChamiDion $9,100 Virginia have the greatest opportunity to turn our bull Prince Ito is one of the prizes Meyer & Son, worthless and grown up lands to account that we ever whose advertisement will be found in this issue, select- had by raising goats and reaping the rich harvest of ed from the famous W^odlawn herd. This son of the the silver fleeces after they reap the harvest of leaves, great champion is to head the herd for a few years. brush and weeds. "Angora goats" is the solution of Prince Barbara is a half brother to the show steer Kid the labor question, as they clean up the filth and Eclipser, who has won many prizes in the show rings weeds and return us rich, well fertilized land covered and is from as fine a cow as can be found in the with a magnificent stand of blue grass. They re- breed. Barbara of Woodlawn, his mother, has never quire very little attention except in kidding season, p]-oduced a calf which sold for less than $.500. and return us handsome profits. Cheap sheds and a three and one-half foot fence will solve the housing and pasturage question, and j^lenty of brush and a ANGORA GOATS IN VIRGINIA. regular salting the feed question. Editor Southern Planter: Mann S. Valentine.

The Angora kid crop was very fine this year. Al- Ooocliland Co., Va. though we still have some very young kids, yet I think there will be no trouble raising 100 per cent, kid in- SHEEP HUSBANDRY IN ENGLAND. crease. The Angora goat business is still booming, Editor Southern Planter: and on the increase every day. A letter from ISTew In a late issue a correspondent says he fails to Mexico, where I was last year, says : "1 have no An- understand why the English farmer succeeds with a gora does for sale at all. Already 7,000 kid does large flock of sheep. As I was in the 40's at an Agri- booked for shipment, but cannot get hold of them for cultural College and sheep farm for two years, and love or money. Am selling and have sold buck kids Inter two years more on a Wiltshire Down sheep farm, for $50 each right along, and have almost run out. I can perhaps tell him why. The rotation in both Can't pick up a carload of does in this country." The cases was the four course system, Swedes (rutabagas), above is from one of the largest ])reeders in the Soutli- barley, grass, wheat. The Swedes were drilled with west. Imlf a ton of ground bone per acre. When ready, I lost thirteen kids Inst February in the big snow. the shoop were folded on them, being placed each day I was in Ptichmond, and had no one to look after on such an area enclosed with hurdles as they could Ihem, and they were frozen to death as soo'n as they eat in the 24 hours, and the crop was thus disposed came. Still expect to raise 100 per cent, increase. of during the winter, then barley sown in the spring ]\rohair has been low this year, but is climbing a bit followed with Italian rye grass, or rye grass and 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 607

clover, seeded with the barley. The first cutting of able bacon hog, has been nothing less than marvellous. the grass was made into hay, and the aftermath eaten Since the introduction of this breed into bacon pro- off by the sheep, then followed wheat, and between ducing districts of Canada the hog business of that the wheat and the turnips a catch crop of crimson country has been revolutionized, and in ten years the clover was sown, which was eaten down by the sheep. value of bacon and hams exported from the Dominion Thus two crops were sold direct, and three as mutton has increased from a little over a half million to more and wool. Under this system the land was holding than $14,000,000. its fertility, although not a deep soil, and underlaid Throughout Canada and at a number of the Ex- by clean chalk. As well as I can remember, the periment Stations in the United States the large average crop of barley was forty bushels per acre, and Yorkshire has shown by actual test, both in the feed- wheat twenty-eight. The lambs (Hampshire Down) ing pen and upon the butcher's block, to be superior were dropped in February and sold in August. The to any other breed. The lard hog has seen its day, last lot I saw sold fetched 27 shillings (about $6.75) and everywhere there is a cry for the bacon hog. The ea h, 200 of them. This was on the Wiltshire farm, large Yorkshire meets the requirements of the packer. which consisted of 700 acres, 200 in irrigated meadow They have been bred to meet these requiremnts and and permanent pasture and 500 in arable. The rent have not been long enough in the United States to be for the whole was £1 ($5) per acre. The rule is, a ruined by the methods of feeding that are in vogue sheep to ap acre for the arable land. I hope I have iiere, and which have wellnigh ruined nearly every thrown some little light on the subject. breed of hogs in use in this country. Charles City Co., Ya. W. R. Atkinson. That there is a demand on the part of the packers for a hog with the characteristics of the large York-

shires, is shown by the fact that the large packing HEREFORD BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. concern of Swift & Co., of Chicago, have arranged The success following the organization of the breed- with the Illinois State Board of Agriculture for a ers of Hereford cattle in other States has suggested special swine class at the coming Illinois State Fair, the desirability of the Hereford breeders in the State the entries to be judged strictly from a packer's of Virginia organizing themselves into an association standpoint. for the purpose of forwarding the interests of that The large Yorkshire supplies a carcass with a large great beef breed by conducting joint sales at desir- proportion of lean meat, and they will grow rapidly, able places in the State, and by circulating literature and can be ripened for market at any age, thus regu- and making generally known the great value of the lating the size of the carcass. The sows are im- Hereford sire as a producer of the finest beef in the mensely prolific, great milkers and excellent mothers. world. To be able to raise the best bacon, our farmers must

It has been proposed by several breeders that a gen- use a bacon breed. A. M. Bowman. eral meeting of all the Hereford breeders in the State RoanoJce Co., Va. and those interested in Herefords, be held during

Roanoke Fair, the last week in September, and it is earnestly desired that all who are interested in the TO TELL THE AGES OF PIGS. furtherance of Hereford interests should lend their Pigs having their corner permanent incisors cut aid. Those expecting to be present will kindly send will be considered as exceeding six months. their names and address to Edward G. Butler, Berry- Pigs having their permanent tusks more than half ville, Va., so they may be notified as to the evening up will be considered as exceeding nine months. appointed for the meeting. Pigs having their central permanent incisors up and any of the first three permanent molars cut will be considered as exceeding 12 months. Pigs having their lateral temporary incisors shed BIG PRICES FOR YORKSHIRE HOGS. and the permanent appearing will be considered as Editor Southern Planter: exceeding 15 months. At a sale recently held at Hamilton, Ontario, 74 Pigs having their lateral permanent incisors fully head of large Yorkshires were sold at an average of up will be considered as exceeding 18 months. $85.60. Several sows in farrow sold at from $350 to $.370 each. The rapidity with which large York- shires have forced their way to the front as a profit- When writing to advertisers mention Planter, —

608 THE SOUTHS Elf PLANTEE. [September, The Poultry Yard.

MORE ABOUT GAPES. tinue to use it as long as he was in the poultry busi- THE HALSTED THEORY AND TREATMENT. ness. Or until something satisfied him that it was not a As early as 1865, Mr. A. M. Halsted, of Eye, N certain preventive. Y., began to experiment as to how to get rid of the Mr. Halsted's theory was, that since poultry never dire scourge of gapes, that was destroying so much showed any inclination to perspiration, the lice or of the poultry through the Eastern States. In 1880- ticks upon their bodies were compelled to come to the 1881, there was all over the world a fearful infliction nostril or the mouth of the young chicks for moisture

of gapes. Eecords tell more of this in England than or drink ; and that they laid their eggs in the nostrils, here. At that time, what is known as the Halsted where they would hatch, and the worm would find its theory, was used in both 'New York State and in Eng- way through the connecting passage of the nostril to land, with good results. the wind-pipe, where they grew and caused the Since that time there has been little attention paid trouble. To prevent the possibility of this, he com- to this. When Mr. Halsted took up this matter there pounded the following ointment : mercurial ointment,

1 ounce pure lard, 2 ounces ; flour of sulphur, was little scientific or journalistic aid extended to the ; -J poultryman. He was compelled to work out his ounce ; crude petroleum, ^ ounce. theories and ideas, and he began working to prevent This should be applied to the head of the chick the coming of the gapes, rather than the curing of while it is in a semi-liquid state, and may also be ap- them. Mr. Halsted discovered that there was a large plied to the throat as Avell, when ticks are present. chicks louse, or as he calls it, tick, found on the head and This must be sparingly applied, or the may be about the throat of many of the young chicks when poisoned with the mercury. It will cost very little hatched. In 1865 he took a brood of fifteen so troubled for those who have chicks Avhich are troubled with and picked oif with his fingers all of these head lice gapes, to make use of this remedy, but it should be or ticks, and continued to examine this brood every borne in mind that the oinment must be applied to the day or two, until they were six weeks old. Not one head and to the throat, if needed, when they are 24 it used, so as to of this brood was troubled with the gapes the entire hours old ; that must be very carefully summer, while many from other broods, kept in the not cpuse mercurial poisoning. Use enough to kill same lawn and runways, died of the disease that sea- all the ticks, but not enough to smear and grease the son. head and throat unnecesarily. Tin's led Mr. Halsted to believe that the gapes were There is another manner of curing gapes in this brought by the presence of these ticks or head lice. country, and that is to place the ailing chicks in a box He made a more thorough test the following year, and stretch a cheese-cloth over them, and dust some but to aid in this test, he made several kinds of oint- lime down upon the heads of the young chicks. There ment, with which he anointed the head and throat of is a better preparation than this made in England, the young chicks wben batched. This was so satis- though we shall change it a little, as they are using factory to him that the following year he took thirty arsenic, and we cannot advise the use of it knowing it chicks and thoroughly anointed 1he heads and throats has made trouble; powdered quicklime, one pound; of one-half of them, allowing the other half to go powdered sulphur, one-half pound; tinct asafoetida, without treatment. The result was that not one of one ounce ; oil of thyme, one ounce. Thoroughly mix this brood that had been so anointed had the gapes, together and to keep it dry and in good condition, put while all but one of the balance of the same brood into a glass-stoppered bottle. When needed, dust on died of the disease. the chicks. Or a better way, is to put a tablespoonful The following year he carried this out more exten- or two into a saucer, and Avith a rubber pipe and your sively, and had a number of neighbors near him use mouth or a pair of bellows blow a quick current of the same treatment. The general result was very air into the saucer, so as to fill the air of the box or satisfactory, except where the ointment was carelessly coop thoroughly full of this powder. It is stated pipe of or too profusely used with the result that a number of that this will get into the nostrils and wind the chicks were killed by mercurial poisoning. the ailing chicks and destroy the gape worm. The A ponltryman of thirty years' experience now liv- Feather. ing near Xew York, stated to the writer early in June that he had been using the Halsted remedy for over twenty-five years, and that he had never had a single You could not do us a greater kindness, in case of gapes since he began using it. Each season it writing to advertisers, than to say you saw their is carefully used, and he stated that he should con- ad, in The Planter. : —

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 609 The Horse.

NOTES. and hounds, while a perusal of the catalogue will dis- The oldest agricultural journal in the country, and close others fully in keeping. probably the most popular and widely read istbe ^ ^ Jt Souther]!^ Planter,, and truly, too, its circulation Lucky Clover, the ehamriion steeplechase horse of seems to reach the uttermost ends of the earth, as 1903, has, according to reports, run his last race, evidenced in part at least by the following letter from having received an injury in the running of the our New Zealand friend, Mr. Ivar C. Asplund, who Beverick steeplechase at Saratoga on the 6th instant, saw my card in the Southekn Planter and re- which necessitates his permanent retirement. This sponded : is the third noted jumper owned by "Mr. Chamblet," Postmarks show that the communication took five E. C. Hoper, of Boston, that has gone amiss just as weeks to reach this city. Here is an exact copy of the that gentleman was planning an English compaign. letter Lucky Clover is a bay gelding, foaled 1897, by Flat- 11 July, 1904. lands, dam Lucky Clover, by Bersan. He was bred Canley Park, at Fort Chiswell Stud Farm, Max Meadows, Va. W. J. Carter, Esq. Rahotu, He was a big winner in some of the most important P. 0. Box 929, Taranaki, events of the season. Richmond, N. Zealand. gjw ^w ^w Virginia. In Red Feather, the Virginia bred mare, four • U. S. A. years old, by St. Carolus, dam, a trotting mare, J. C. Dear Sir: Poulterer, of Philadelphia, has the prospect for a

I beg the favor of copies of the journals—Ken- great jumper ; in fact, her performances would indi- tucky Stock Farm and Breeder and Sportsman cate that she is likely to reach championship form. which I believe you represent. The daughter of St. Carolus is 16 hands high, and Thanking you in pleasurable anticipation. well formed. An offer of $2,500 has been declined Believe me. for this mare. Red Feather's sire, St. Carolus, is Yours truly, owned by Courtland H. Smith, Hampton Farm, Alex- stood, for a couple IvAE C. AsPLTTND. I andria, Va., where he formerly but Jit Jt Jt of seasons past the son of imp. St. Blaise has been in With covers of scarlet, lettered in black and gold, the stud at Warrenton, Va. ^W the print being red and Islack, and the headings and ^¥ t^W footnotes in red, which is the makeup of the cata- Joseph Lassiter, of the Richmond Horse Bazaar, logue and prize list of the fourth annual exhibition this city, has sold to L. L. Wallace, Amelia, Va., the of the Richmond Horse Show Association, the pub- chestnut colt Prince Henry, by Patronage, dam Hazel lication is by odds the handsomest thing of the kind Eye, by Sir Walter, Jr., 2 :18^, sire of the great race seen this season. In addition to the dates, October mare Alcidalia, 2 :10^. This colt, now in his two 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st and 22d, the pamphlet is filled year old form, stands sixteen hands in height, and with interesting information from cover to cover. with age and development promises to make a grand The classes listed number fiity-one and prizes are of- looking horse. He will be placed in the stud by Mr. fered for harness horses, hunters, jumpers, park Wallace, and should do much toward improving; the hacks, saddle horses and ponies. The prizes aggre- stock of the section to which he has been taken. gate over $9,000, and unless stated to the contrary, Patronage, the sire of this colt, got the famous Alix, the money divisions in each class are $100 for first, 2.03f, and is a full brother to the noted sires Patron, $50 for second, and $25 for third. While new classes 2:14:1, and Prodigal, 2:16. and special features have been introduced already J* jt jd others will be added and on the whole we look for- Apparently not for a decade past has such interest ward to the greatest show ever seen in the South. been taken in breeding as during the present one, and The class for harness horses will, of course, attract those having control of desirable stallions seem to be much attention, but seeing that Virginia is the great well pleased with the patronage received. Certainly Southern stamping ground for hunters and jumpers, this applies to Kelly, 2 :27, the son of Electioneer and excelling, with the possible exception of Canada, any Esther, whose court has been visited already by over other portion of America in the production of such seventy matrons, and there are others to follow. A horses, a rare treat may be looked for in that direc- number of the best bred mares in the South have tion in the way of the great fields competing on the been mated with this brother to the famous Expres- tan bark. One of the new features likely to interest sive, 3, 2 :12|, some with fast records and others by the masses will be the introduction of hunt club teams prominent sires out of great producing dams. ;

610 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September, Miscellaneous.

harvest time. Another brought in some Poles. He THE LABOR DIFFICULTY. had a picnic. Since the degradation of white labor Planter: Editor Southern competing with slaves has been removed we have I have just finished reading the July issue of the some most excellent white natives, who are willing to

Plantek. It, with the Farm Journal, Farm and work, but there are not enough to go round ; besides, Home, and the Montreal Herald and Star, which is a when a white man becomes intelligent enough to man- weekly journal, furnishes me with all the agricul- age the present farm machinery he wants to set up

tural pabulum necessary for my calling. ' My sixty- for himself. Enough on the labor question. As I five years' experience goes for nothing. After read- have read the several articles from the Norfolk land ing the article of the Senator of the Eighteenth agent, it surprises me that he should content himself District, I felt like quoting one of Randolph's philip- in his present position. One thousand dollars an lies on a certain occasion when a representative of acre would pay better than any commission business Maryland had made a speech in the House. If we I know of. I don't doubt but that such results are were both present at an agricultural Institute T attainable, but if they were the rule there would not

should be most likely to fire it off. Suffice it to say I long remain any land for sale in that vicinity. I differ with him on the labor question, and I have had remember some years ago one of my neighbors set out some personal experience. Between the years 1840 one-fourth of an acre in strawberrries. He cleared and 1850 I lived in New Jersey. Then we could over $300 the first year. He put in an acre and did get the Irish and German immigrants right from the not get so much as he did on his first venture, and ship, superior to any foreigner at the present time, at several others who caught the mania ran the mowing a low rate of wages. At the same time there were machine over their beds, as the grass was worth more two negro villages of 400 or more inhabitants each than the berries. Since then they have had another near by. We had thus a choice of good help. I boom and have again flattened out. One man whO'

worked in the field with these people, and failed to ' has sold $1,000 worth did not realize $50 this year. recognize any superiority of the whites over the I consider such articles misleading, and as of no blacks. In 1850 I bought in Virginia. Then the practical benefit to our profession. Our Farmer's class of poorer white men had to come in competition Club has been regaled with the wonderful results at- with slave labor, to which a certain degradation attained by a certain Mr. Dietrich, a Lutheran min-

tached. I hired the slave labor and made it pay ister near Philadelphia, who on 13 acres of land indeed, one of the most productive farms in this kept 18 head of Jersey cows, besides some young section was owned and carried on by a slave owner. stock. No credit was given to a faithful man who Since then there has been an entire revolution in the did all the work. Another matter that has interested- labor problem, not confined to Virginia or any other us was the wonderful statements in regard to Mr. section. Now, the question is) have we the brains or Clark's success in raising grass, when it appears by inclination to adjust ourselves to the present situa- an advertisement in your journal that he is not de-

tion ? If not, the Department of Agriculture is pendent on that source for his revenue. It reminds powerless to afford any relief. It is not necessary me of what our landlord in New Jersey said to my

to offer any bonus to the negro to vacate. He does father : "John, I think a good bank account is a good not stand on the order of his going either, and there thing to have in farming," which, unfortunately, few

i", where the shoe pinches. He goes at once. We of us possess. It is true we are confronted by con- have to contend with that very difficulty. When a ditions which must be overcome by theories proven "darkie" can go to the brick-yard and get $1.50 per by facts, remembering that scientific theories are one day for ten hours' work, he ought not to be blamed if thing, and the theories of scientists another. ho chooses that rather than fourteen hours a day at In conclusion, there is a phase of our situation

75 cents or a dollar. The white man would be a that has concerned me considerably, that is. Can a dolt that wouldn't do the same thing. Some of our young man and his wife acquire a competency farm- dairymen got on their metal and were not going to ing at the present day owning a hundred acres with-

stand any foolishness. One sent to New York and out any other capital ? I think I could answer both, got a crew of Germans, who did tolerably well for affirmatively and negatively. E. E. Mason. two or three months, and then abruptly left just in Fairfax Co., Va. 1904.1 THE SOUTHS EN PLANTER 611

NOTES FROM TIDEWATER, VA. come in, as they surely will do, unless a crop of peas Editor Southern Planter: or some similar crop be sown between the corn rows The Grovernment weather report for July, 1904, is at time of last cultivation of the corn. on our table, and shows as follows : The highest ther- The steady movement of labor, however, from the mometer was on the 6th and 19th, when the mercury farms of the State to the cities operates against the reached 94, the warmest weather for the month. farmers, and they have suffered thereby. The rem'

The average temperature for the month was 77 edy is more stock, more stock crops and less special degrees ; while the average for the month of July for crops. The special crops of our State, such as to- the past thirty-four years has been 79. The rainfall bacco, peanuts, fruits and vegetables, etc., require 3- for the month of July was 6.56 inches, falling on great amount of hand labor while the stock crops twelve different days—viz., on the 1st, 2d, 6th, 8th, may be and can be and should be handled largely by 10th, 12th, 17th, 20th, 22d, 23d, 24th, 25th, pretty improved machinery and improved methods, thus en- well distributed. Greatest amount of rain in any abling fewer hands to cover more territory and secure perl ;d of twenty-four hours was 1.34, on the 12th. better results. What a time for turnips in July and The average rainfall for the month of July for the August. How such growing weather would delight past thirty-four years has been 5.83 inches. This the heart of the Northern, Western or Eastern stock rainfall coming as it does in about twelve showers, men. well and evenly distributed throughout the month, How the thoroughgoing English farmer would ap- does not permit our meadows or pastures to get bald- preciate such weather for his root crops. How such headed in midsummer, because August comes right weather would tickle the German farmer, who grows along with about the same record as regards tempera- the root crops heavily, and who also grows silage crop ture and fainf all. from seed purchased of one of our Norfolk county In fact, July and August give us fully as much truckers, who raises from 30,000 to 50,000 bushels rain as any other three consecutive months in the of the finest of silage corn annually—that is to say, year. At the same time the temperature is quite raises that much corn, which he ships to Europe, moderate. The highest thermometer being 94 and where it is planted for silage purpose. the lowest 65 ; and the rainfall nearly 6 inches on an All over the East, North and West, July and Au- average for thirty-four years, one can see that Julyr gust are hot, dry months, with warm nights—too and August are great gTOwing months. "warm frequently for comfortable sleeping. The pas- July, notwithstand that the rain fell on twelve tures give out and the meadows become sere and different days, gave us twenty-three pleasant and brown, and there is a great shrinkage of milk unless eight cloudy days. This is accounted for from the the farmer has provided for this dry weather by grow- fact that the rain falls more frequently between 6 ing a green crop to cut and feed to his milk stock, P. M. and midnight than at any other portion of the thus enabling him to tide over the dry spell. tv/enty-four hours. The growth of grass iu pasture and meadow here is Everything in the ground is just jumping, weeds, greater in July and August than in May and June. grass and all. Those farmers who laid by their corn Our farmers must turn their attention more and the last days in June or the first week in July and more to more and better farm machinery. Improved sowed the corn fields with cow peas may look with implements, whereby one man can do the work of equanimity upon the growing weather as the peas three or four, must be used. take the ground and keep down the rank growth of What is to become of our State when all the young weeds and grass, which otherwise is sure to take the white men have migrated to the cities, and when all com fields in July and August. the colored labor has likewise gone into the com- If a person be in doubt as to grass growing in mercial centres, where they find employment in gangs Eastern Virginia, all he need do is to examine the or squads or bunches, as the colored people like to com fields of this section in August. The nice and work in droves, so that they can laugh and joke and equable adjustment of warmth and moisture is such shout and sing at their work ? that everything in the ground, with roots to it, makes The upshot of the whole matter is this. Our a very luxuriant growth. It, therefore stands to rea- farmers must pay a greater amount of attention from son that the farmer should keep his land fully occu- this time forward to choice stock of all kinds, ex- pied and covered with useful crops for the market or cepting perhaps horses, as we do not believe it will for his stock, rather than to let the weeds and grass pay to raise horses in Eastern Virginia, but when it :

612 THE SOUTHEE^T PLAI^TEE. [September, comes to sheep, cattle, hogs and poultry, there is no on account of the government using nearly all of the section in the Union where such stock will pay as freight cars to transport troops.

Avell as here. V.'IIEAT CROP OF UNITED STATES COMPAEISON FOE For every laborer who leaves the farm for the FOUR YEARS. city the farmer should manage to place two or more On July 1. Crop '01. Crop '02. Crop '03. Crop '04. head of good stock. He should reduce the area of In farmers' hands 31.000,000 52,000,000 43,000,000 37,000,000 cultivated largely hand and the crops grown or by Visible • sup- replace them with crops cultivated by machinery. ply 57,365,500 42,542,000 33,781,500 3i2,560,000 Total 88,365,500 94,542,000 76,781,500 69,560,000 This will not only improve the farm, but will also Crop harvest- improve the farmer's finances. ed 748,000,000 6 70,063,000 637,821,835 530,000,000 Total Avail- There is a scarcity of labor in the agricultural dis- able 836,365,500 764,605,000 714,603,335 599,560,000 tricts of the South. There is also a scarcity of stock. Exports 234,000,000 202,906,000 119,441,719 that The prosperity of the South demands our Seeding 72,000,000 72.000,000 76,000,000 larffer farms be subdivided and sold to men who will Domestic use 435,823,500 412,917,500 449,601,616 450,000,000 On hand end devote them to stock and stock crops. Our State of crop . . 94,542,000 76,781,500 69,560,000 should take active steps to promote such a movement. 836,365,500 764,605,000 714,603,335 practical class of immigration is need- An intelligent, i^ote 1. —To have the same quantity in farmers' to speedily and rapidly and surely remedy the ed liands and in visible supply on July 1, 1905, as on '"condition" of things, for as Grover said: "It is a July 1, 1904, we have but 4,000,000 bushels avail- confronts us and not a theory." condition which able for export. A. Jeffers. J^ote 2. —The smallest quantity of wTieat left in the United States at the end of a crop was on July 1, THE WHEAT SITUATION. 1898, when we had but 41,229,000 bushels, as fol- Europe is the largest buyer of American wheat and lows: In farmers' hands, 16,000,000 bushels; in visi- flour. Its requirements, in addition to the home ble supplies, 25,229,000 bushels; total, 41,229,000 million bushels an- crop, range from 500 to 550 bushels. It was in May, 1898, when wheat sold at year Russia, In- nually. This was supplied last by $1.85 per bushel in Chicago. dia, Argentina, Australia and America, as follows: Note 3. —Should our stocks on July 1, 1905, be de- Countries. 1903-4—bush. 1902-3—bush. pleted to the same extent as on July 1, 1898, when America 151.128,000 244,823,000 Russia 142,938,000 132,664.000 we had but 41,229,000 bushels, in all positions, our Danubian 57,432,000 57,776,000 exports could not exceed 32,331,000 bushels. India 55,864,000 24,183,000 Argentina 83,264,000 49,424,000 IN'ote 4. —With a maximum 32,331,000 bushels Australasia ^26,832,000 available for export, how are we to supply the Euro- Austria-Hungary 5,278.000 2,704,000 Chili-North Africa 11,276,000 15,924,000 pean demands, which, with the shortage abroad, must be greater than last year, unless prices are advanced Totals •• .. 534,012,000 527,498,000 to a level which will curtail consumption, both here The European crop of wheat this year is estimated and abroad. to be 140,000,000 bushels less than last year; the Europe's demands on the United States last year 1903 crop having been 1,796,311,000 bushels, where- were 119,441,719 bushels, notwithstanding the fact as the 1904 crop is estimated to be 1,650,000,000 ill at Russia, India, and Argentina were drawn upon bushels. as never before. The exports from the United States 'Hie Russian winter wheat crop is a failure, and f'lr a period of ten years are as follows their spring wheat crop has had a very unfavorable Year. Exports. Our total crop. Percentage start. The Austria-Hungary crop is 25 per cent, Exported. short; the Italian, 15 per cent., and the Spanish 1904, 119,441,719 637,821,835 18.8 1903, 202,906,000 670,063,000 30.2 crop, 15 per cent.; the Roumanian crop is 40 per 1902, 234,000,000 748,000,000 . 31.2 cent, .short, and the United Kingdom, Avhich last year 1901. 216,000,000 523,000,000 41.3 1900. 188,000,000 547,000,000 34.3 vai.sed 48,000,000 bushels, will, this year, raise less 1899, 222,000,000 675,000,000 32.8 ihan 42,000,000 bushels. At present Russia and 1898, 217,000,000 530,000,000 40.9 1897, 145,000.000 427,000,000 33.9 are re- India furnishing YO per cent, of Europe's 1896, 126,000,000 467,000,000 26.9 quirements. Indian .shippers are holding back their 1895, 142,000,000 460,000,000 30.8

). grain, awaiting higher prices, realizing the require- Note f —If we export 32,331,000 bushels out of

ments of Europe' will become urgent later on. The the 1904 crop (estimated iis above 530-000,000 bush-

inovement of Avheat from Russia is greatly curtailed els), the percentage exported will be 6.1 per cent. —

1904.] THE SOUTHER!^ PLAl^TER. 613

THE PUBLISHER'S NOTES. Wood's Seeds. Southern Planter To Advertisers. PUBLISHED BY VIRGINIA GRAY We wish to impress upon our m mmu punier publishing com. advertisers tlie necessity of send- richmond, va, ing in all advertisements and mat- Winter Issued on 1st of each Month. ter pertaining to advertising, by Sow For Best Results. the 25tli of eacli month. If it can Earljf J. F. JACKSON, Our Trade Mark Brand is the be sent before that date, so much Editor and General Manager. best and cleanest quality that the better for both of us. There it is possible to procure. B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, Business Manager. is not a month that passes that we do not leave out somebody's ad. be- TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. Hairy, or Winter Vetcli, of it reaching us too late. Rate card furnished on application. cause Sown with Winter Oats, makes the largest possible yield of the TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. best and most nutritious hay. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to Trial Subscriptions. Write for prices. subscribers in the United States and Canada at oOc. per annum; all foreign countries and For 10 cents, coin or stamps, we the city of Richmond, 75c. WOOD'S DESCRIPTIVE FALL CATALOG INVITE write us on any will send the Southern Planter WE FARMERS to Tells all about seeds for fall agricultural topic. We are always pleased to for three months as trial sub- receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- a sowing. It is the most valua- cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE scription. As hundreds of our ble and helpful publication of PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains, the kind issued in America. Roots, or Vegetables not generally known, readers will be in attendance upon Mailed free on request. Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- all sorts of picnics during this come. Contributions sent us must not be furnished other papers until after they have month, we would very much appre- T. W...... ^ «.»„, appeared in our columns. Rejected matter ciate it, if they will bring this lit- will be returned on receipt of postage. Seedsmen, - Richmond, Ya. NO ^NONYMOUS communications or en- tle offer to the notice of their quiries will receive attention. REMITTANCES should be made direct to friends. In this way, we will be this office, either by Registered Letter or Money Order, which will be at our risk. enabled to get hold of a lot of non- When made otherwise we cannot be respon- SUMMER'S sible. reading farmers. Once we get mm POWOERS For SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa- to reading, are sure that per promptly and regularly, will confer a them we Sheep, Horses & Hogs favor by reporting the fact at once. we can help them as well as our- Fed to miJlions of animals Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, every year. Powders never VA. fail to remove worme and RICHMOND, selves. prevent further attacks. in popular use 25 years. Post-office, Entered at the Ricliinond, Price 8 lb. Pok. 6® cents. 7 lb. Pck. *1.«0. Va., as second-class matter. Send for FREE catalogue of Stockmen's Supplies. Elkton Stock Farm Sale. F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St., Chicaga DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S In our last issue we ran a half COLUMN. page ad. of the Elkton Stock Si Feed Value of Wheat, etc 591 Farm's sale, which takes place on Yield of Rye in Virginia 591 Sun Cured Tobacco 592 September 6th. In the first para- FRAZER Alfalfa 592 ,i?,raph, under the head of ''Pure Inoculation of Legumes Vetches. 592 — Bred Registered Herefords," the faA.I.V Vi I C a O C the world. Lime Spreader 593 Us wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- in Nostrils of Sheep 593 types made us say "the pick of sev tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, Grubs I Notaflected by heat. «se-Get the Genuine. Nitrate of Soda for Cabbage 593 eral farmers' herds," when it FOK SALE BY ALL DEALERS. Protecting Hams from Skippers should have been famous herds, Raising Chickens 593 Vetch—Alfalfa 594 Any one acquainted with Here- Soja Bean or Corn 594 ford blood can easily see why fa- SAN JOSE SCALE Dehorning Cattle 594 and other INSECTS killed by mous was the word intended, after Alfalfa 594 GOOD'S Breed of Sheep for Low Country reading that the offering is by Caustic Potash Wliale-Oil Soap No. 3 Winter Oats 595 such noted sires as Beau Donald, Endorsed by U. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment Home Brewed Beer 595 Stations. This soap is a Fertilizer as well as an Insecti- Actor 3d, Prince Rupert, etc. We cide. 5u-lb. kegB,S2.60; 100-lb. kegs, S4.-.0; halt barrel. Frog Farming 595 2701b., sjcperlb: barrel, 4251b., 3*c. Send for """"""'Rookie* Vinegar 596 hope that a good number of our JAMES GOOD. Originol .Mnker. 989-41 Ji. Front Street, Fblladelphla, Pa. Removing Stumps 596 readers will attend the sale and get Staining a Floor 596 Johnson Grass 596 some of the bargains which will be AGRICULTURAL Seed Oats and Wheat 596 offered and encourage the Elkton "Can Alfalfa Be Made Into Good Farm in disseminating good cattle AND BUILDERS' LIME Silage?" 596 in this section. Grass Seeding 597 Send for Circulars and Price-List, Selection of Seed Com—Barren FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS, Stalks 597 A neat Binder for your back num- Patent Fertilizer Lime 597 bers can be had for 25 cents. Address REEVES CATT, Agent, To Prevent Skippers in Hams 597 our Business Office. Staunton, Virginia. 1

614 THE SOUTHEEN PLAl^TER. [September,

WITH THE ADVERTISERS. TKe HAY THE IMPROVED Red Ripper PR.£SS The Ury Stock Farm starts the season's advertising with this issue. Hol- SCREW SIOMP POLLER Saves Time, Labor and Money. steins and Berkshires, as usual, are Write for Prices. offered. Agricultural Lime, Hard Wood Ashes, Fertilizers, etc., are offered hy RIPPER is the strongest, THE RED Mr. Percy L. Banks. Refer to the ad. simplest and most durable hay press on the market; requires only one horse to Mr. E. R. Taylor guarantees that operate; capacity, 15 to 20 full size bales "Fuma" will kill all sorts and condi- (75 to 100 pounds) per hour. Costs less tions of burrowing animals. than any other good press and does more The Real Estate Trust Co. has a and better work than most presses cost- choice lot of Virginia farms for sale. ing Ave times as much. This company would like to list your Write for Free Illustrated Booklet. farm free of charge. SIKES MFG. CO., Helex^a.Ga. Angora Goats are advertised by sev- Chamberlln Mfg. Go., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A. eral responsible parties in this issue. A number of excellent farms, of va- HERCULES STUiVIP PULLER BALE YOUH OWN HAY] rious sizes and prices, are offered for sale in this number. MILLET SORGHUM PEA VINES ETC. \vm A"HANDY"BALER // Messrs. Meyer & Jehne are offering ,sHE5 ABs„,„,ELy THE STRONOEST.MOST PDWERIHJL//f'"|f4|F0RM n'l'^I.c a splendid pair of Percheron Mares SWIFTEST AND (.ICHTEST for sale. OPERATINC HANS PRESS Either uiGHT OR MEA'^ EVER PUT ON THE / No doubt many of our readers will .MARKET. LITTLE €IANT profit by reading the ad. of Mr. Davis Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. HAY PRESS CO. In another column. Clears all stumps in a circle of 150 ft. without I T. Williams DALt.AS.TEX moving or changing machine, Strongest, most AS. Poland Chinas at farmers' prices and rapid working and best made. (^wpiTE FOB Particulars,

I CATALOG MANDahCRSE | fanciers' breeding can be had of Mr. Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centrevilie. Iowa. POWER PRESSED FREE. W. M. Jones. Duroc Jersey Hogs are growing in The Monarch Stump Puller. popularity in this State. Mr. S. A. The best on earth; you make no mistake In GASOLINE raSiNg Whittaker is offering some nice pigs. l/fl/\.Plf'i(J[V| buying of a man of 5 years experience in pulling Look up his ad. ANoH^sa' stumps. We set up the Puller and guarantee PRESS Minor's Fluid, a splendid disinfect- satisfaction ibefore we want your money. 5 it It for 30 years and right up-to-date. ant and dip, is advertised by Mr. A. sizes. Write for catalogue and prices. , Presses of every style and for every pur- L. French, Southern Agent. JOS. W RITCHIE, State Agent, R. F. D. No. 39, Grottoes, Vfl. Sse. If wanting a Baling Press write to I J. F. Durrette has a splendid offer- M0USMF6. CO. lilT^5^'iggg8,tN^§:; ing of Poland Chinas, Shorthorns and Shropshires. Monarch Stump Puller Another new advertiser in this is- Will pull stump 7-ft. In BALES "^y/.ffAV sue is the Benvenue Stock Farm. Aber- diameter. Guaranteed to deen Angus Cattle are offered. stand a strain of 250,000 lbs. For catalogue and Mr. H. Swineford is offering some discount on first machine nice two-months old Berkshires. address MONARCH GRUBBER CO., Our catalo^e gives valuable pointers about Press construc- The Medical College of Virginia has Lone Tree, Iowa. tion and operation. Our 37 years' experience make the Gem and Victor Presses most durable, easily operated and leastex* its announcement on another page. p'.-nsive. Send postal for book. GEO- ERTELCO^Qnlaey, III. This splendid old institution is worthy of the patronage of our readers. Your Own Feriilizer Look up the ad. of the Foos Mfg. '' at Small Cost with > Co. au excellent Corn Harvester is Wilson's Mills "ELI" HAY BALERS. offered. Phosphate 38 styles and sizes, From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone Cut- Sloan's Liniment has an attractive ters, hand and power, for the poul- card on another page. trymen; Farm t'cBd Mills, «ra- hum t'lour Hand MIUa, t^rit and The world's standardi L. G. Jones is offering some superior Shell Mills. Send for catalogue. WILSON JiKUS.. Solo iUfrs., Work fastest, bales are ti^btcHCand shapeliest. Load Essex Pigs, which are guaranteed to iCastoii, Pa. csn toli^ttb'lTuit&re. Italoro that ondure, infliira enfotr &a

1904.] THE SOUTHERN" PLAISTTER. 615

WEST POINT IN AUGUST, 1904. (Mary Washington.) As so many Southern parents have sons at West Point, your correspondent being on a visit to that place, fancies that some items about it may possess interest for the readers of the Southern Plantee. Its location is so beautiful that I doubt whether even Switzerland can surpass it. Moun- tains and water combine to produce the perfection of scenery, whilst the stately buildings and military exercises going on upon the grounds lend life and animation to the scene. The young men receive the finest and most efficient training both mentally and physically; nor is their spiritual training neglected either. They have a very faithful and zealous chaplain, and the Y. M. C. A. seems to have taken firm root amongst them. "Duty, honor, country" is the official motto of the wheels will save you more labor and mate you Academy, and it is the constant aim more money in a year than any other thiug you I j of the officers and instructors in charge could put upon ttie tai-m. Several Uuadred thous- and farmeis who liave tried tliem say the same [ to train their pupils to act up to this I thing. By every test they prove to be the best. The spokes are high standard. Absolute truthfulness united with hub solid, can't worlv and FERTiLIZEFl is insisted upon, and should any of the loose. Your mont-y baolc IP they do. don't ask you to take our I We cadets be guilty of prevarication, even word for it. Send for our boolc; / J read what others say and use your if it should not come to the knowledge | GRAIN I own judgment. Our catalogue iS| DR sent tree for the asking. ' of the officers, it would expose the de- I ' The TOKK FORCE FEES) DKILT- c... bines liphtness -Aith strensth. ilost complete drill linquent to such loss of caste amongst ESeotric Wh^ei Co. maiip- >:ccorripIexgearing to getout of order. Boxes arerlosetogrotmd. Fully his comrades that existence would be Box 14® Eat-:ly BlliinoBS. regnli'.tea scarcely endurable for him at West Isaincy; quantity Point. TiMwnwaT^ of seed or fer- In summer the cadets go in camp, re- tilizer, and maining there till August 28th, when sows they return to barracks. One class is UGGIES with regu- annually allowed a furlough, those who larity. have been there two years, and this is Welch t. Only TOO the only one they have till graduation, Asetits Wanted. when, they are allowed the Write for Catalogue. to spend SURBIES, THE HENCH&DROMGOLO CO- summer with their families before be- Mfrs., York, I'iu ing assigned to duty in the autumn. DAYTONS, Study is intermitted in the summer, but the drills and other martial exer- RUNABOUTS, cises go on as usual. It is a gay place in summer, with a large floating pop- SPINDLE. WAOONS, C.A.RTS, ulation, mostly feminine, and consist- etc. 8' different styles and grades. Finest Superior to all ing mostly of mothers and sisters of material and workmanship. Get our Drices other drills. and see our vehicles before purchasing. Even distribu- the cadets. These young men thus re- 1309 E, tion of lumpy, SAFETY BUGGY CO,, Main street. damp or arj' ceive the finishing touch of polish by Richmond, Va, fertilizers. In- association with refined and cultured creases croji profits, Hig.L women. Three nights in a week they WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT wheels, broa'i and send! Buggy Wheels, steel Tire on, . $7.85 have a hop in the beautiful tires, low steil Cullum Me- With Rubber Tires, $15.00. I mfg, wheels % to4in. frame. Fully tread. Top Buggies, morial Hall, built entirely for pur- $28.75 ; Harness. t3-60. Write for warranted. eatalogae. Learn how to buy vehicles nnd parts direct. Write for free poses of festivity, and it Is a charm- Wagon Umbrella FKEE.W . Y. BOOB,CiociluutI,0. catalogue, ing sight to see lovely young girls SPAN6LER MFG. CO., 804 Queen Street, York, Pa. gliding along the brilliantly lighted ball-room (it has 340 incandescent Running Streams lights on the ceiling), with the "spick will force their own waters or water from springs to your buildings, fields or storage PLANTERS, and span" looking cadets, who dance tanks, any height or distance with the farmers, glnnars, cane gr'fnders with a peculiar and stately grace. Be- and others desiring a conveni- Hydraulic tween dances they sit the ent and higfhly efficient pov/er. on portico Rife' Engine. Nothing equals this little outfit.' overlooking the Hudson, which (espe- _ The power that's alwayB going with* out attention eipenao. Sold on 80 days trial. Book free. Ask cially on a moonlight night) is beauti- or for if RIFE ENGINE CO., 126 Liberty Street, New York. ful as a dream. On the intervening Leffel three nights there is an open air con- Engines cert, and the cadets sit out on the ground? with their relatives or other and boilers are the standards of Burch Tattoo iarker excellence wherever known. They aAie visitors. Indeed, there is always some- For use In Kara For purposes of find a hostof uses on plantation w^fliQ identifica- farm and reasonaV>le thing interesting going on, and nothing Horses, and are so ^jT tion it is a in price as to come within reach delights the spectators more than the Cattle, veritable of all. We make them like cut, Slieep, — detective. horiz/'»ntal, mounted, etc, from daily dress parade and guard mount- Does not disfieore aH.P.Up. Writ^tO-'Iaytellinsr^ ing, Swine and Dogs lanimals. narkerQiled (,s what yoi] -^d^h a p'^wer for and w* which are accompanied by the PaEE catalogue of :t Lfttcrs orFi^nres [•x^ CTititle'i. •;">//«? J:. '-.orjorrjy and Jifficicncy." animated strains of the brass band. StockmcD'l 8uppli« 92.S& postpaid. Jamee Leffel A Co. Box 1 34^ Springfield, Ohio. You see mothers and sisters galore on F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St., Chicago. <

616 THE SOUTHEEN PLAifTEE. [September,

this occasion, straining their eyes to Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops detect in the ranks the gallant boy who Clark's Rev. Harrow UNION LOCK POULTRY FENOINO \ Bnsh Plow and is the especial object of their interest. !:;_!__ . Track 5 fl. wide, 1 ft. BEEN FirU.7 Amongst the exercises (or diver- HAS s-^. -jj2^^- ^p. Connects the sub- TESTED AND POUITO '1 It is an ex- ^^^"irx' water. sions) practiced at West Point is the SUPEBIOB TO ALL -> " ' pellont machine for ("J game of polo, on which the bystanders ' • in sugiir cane. OTHEBS. j) .' S covering > guaranteed. look with an interest rendered more (-;trengln Will fit _ unevan Can plow a newly cut intense by the sense of danger attend- ground without 1 V/iUVr >5 stump, bush, or cutting. Every part i NT ^ forei't, ing it. Only the cadets of the first can be stretched luna, leaves land true, clean for any crop. bog class are allowed to participate in this, perfectly. Made of high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal Cutaway ^.s=S^*,'T ' ^^i^^ as it requires a very SKiUed rider. Clark's Double Action lines are cables, making it stronger. Has finemesh arrow moTCS 13,000 tons Football is the foremost of all games at the bottom for small chicks. We also make extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest day. arth io a with the cadets, as it is at all -the col- poultry farms are using this fence—over 700 rods Send lor ClrcularB, leges. Every November the West by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight Can ship from Point and satisfy every one or no sale. Clark's Rev. 5ulky Disc Plow and Annapolis football teams N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for meet in Philadelphia and have a con- freejcatalogof Farm, Lawn and Poulti y Fencing. MadeMad( single or double B^C'-u. T* ,T> Conn.® One or two furrows five test, in which West Point has always, CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, y TTTTTTTTT»T'»'TTTTTTT¥TtT' cfj,7r\...'S;N.-,--^ _v.r fe~^to^^—'to teten inches deep; 14 of late years, come out victorious. A ^ wide. For two or \IJ^<''~Q3^-Jl PRICE AND aUALITY ENfilNKS FOR Gl.'«. WILL PLEASE YOU— MXO A MI'ECIAI-TI. In the library I found an entertain- WHITE US NOW. s, ltd r»r cutaloffoe. FARQUHAR ing book on "Life at West Point," the •E)®W WIRE WORKS- Louis vjLLE.K\t: ENGINES author of which says: "During the twenty years or more that preceded 9'STROMGESt HOC Bolt SAW MILLS the civil war the men were graduated Nil 1:1 MADE. havpnoBiipenor. etroDij. Chlcfeeit the Farmer at Wholeiale Wrilf; f(.r I'JM who made that war the most notable tight. Sold to Calalofdip ot Fiina. V11II7 Warranted. Catalog; Freeb cnttmes. boil- one in mankind's history, and the COILSD 8PBIN6 FBNCB CO., ers, fl.i\vmills most imposing one of modern times in Bu m Wlaehwtcr, luiUau, D. S. lo an'l threshers. I'rix. the numbers of men engaged on both ^'''"^"^ . It. Far,|iih«r I fBRE FENCET EZinil^C r'^''""''""stocl: tenceii»eper rod. Co., I.Kl. sides. The civil war, as far as leader- WBnE. Send Tor price list and catalofue of Wire Yorli, Pa. FUEE ship went, was an exhibition of the Fence and full lino ol Fence Supplies. practical results of West Point train- W. H. MASON & CO., Box 80 Leesburs, Ohio. ing. The greatest men on both sides HARRIS HAJ^UWARE CO. were graduates of the Military Acad- FOR SALE CHEAP. 409 e. Broad St., Richmond, Va.. emy. It is Interesting in this connec- Breech^. Loading Shotguns $3.85 tion to trace the different branches of A HARDING HUMMER ENSILAGE and service from which the leading Con- No. 14, almost new Knives FEED CUTTER, Pocket Bicycles and Sundries. federate generals came. Lee Tclass of Ritles Hunting Leggins (Blower). Requires 10 horse power; my en- Revolvers Razors and Scissors 1829), and Beauregard (1838) left Robin Hood Hunting Coats West Point as engineers. Early gine only 6 horse reason for selling. Price, Loadtd Shells Gun Covers (1837), A. P. Hill (1841), D. H. Hill ?fiu cash f. o. b. Cost ?108. A. L. FRENCH, WE ARE AGENTS FOR GOOD THINGS. (1842), Longstreet (1842), Jackson ByrdvUle, Va. 1904.1 THE SOUTHERIT PLAITTEE. 617

(1846), and Johnston (1846), were all infantrymen, whilst Swell (1840) was of the Dragoons, and Stuart of the Warranted mounted rifles." to give satisfaction. In looking over a scrap-book in the library, fllled with clippings relating to West Point, my attention was ar- rested by the subjoining one, taken Ttiilbatis from "The Oregonian," Portland, June 12, 1902: "In our great civil war distinguished graduates of "West Point fought on both sides of the terrible conflict. The The Largest Yielding, number of graduates who served in 'Heaviest Grain, Finest Quality Oats Grown. the Confederate army were 299, and of As hardy as wheat if sown early. Not attacked these 151 became general officers. GOMBAULT'S with f!y or rust. Stand up well. Afford the There are more West Pointers propor- finest Fall, Winter and Spring pasture, and tionately found amongst prominent afterwards yield 60 to 70 bushels per acre cf CAUSTIC BALSAM the finest, heaviest, grained Oats grown. Confederate generals than on the OUR falL catalogue Union side, the Confederates having A safe, speedy and positive cure for Gives information about the best seeds for from the outset relied more on their Fall sowing. Contains innproved Seed Wheat, Barley, Rye. Rape, 1,C00 Headed Kale, Al- West Pointers, and less upon political Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, Founder, falfa. Grass, Clover, and Vegetable Seeds. and militia officers than the North. Strained Tendons, Wind Puffs, Maiied Free. Wrili.- todiiy f>v Citaloa Xu. 423. and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone Out of the civil war, on both sides, and otlier bony tumors. Cures all skin WoodfStabbs & SSo,, Louisvilie, Ey. came the lesson that in a long war the diseases or Parasites, Thrusli, Diphtheria. Removes all Bunches from Horses or trained soldier makes the best general. Cattle. Hundreds of volunteer officers made A3 a HUMAW BEMKH'V for Rhen- brilliant brigade comanders before the matism, Sprains, Sore Xhroat, etc., U close of the war. Some made excel- is inyaluable. Every bottle of Caastfc Balsam sold is lent division commanders, but not Warranted to give satisfaction. Price Sl.SO per bottle. Sold by drugrgists, or sent by ex- more than three or four proved them- press, charges paid, with full directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- selves able to command an army corps. nials, etc. Address

The truth is, the South carried over THE lAWHENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANT, Cleveland, Oliio. to its cause proportionately more of the talent of West Point than the North J. mong prominent Confederate Gen- ''How to Grow Paper-Shell Pecans" erals were Lee, Beauregard, Bragg, Joe Johnston, FKEE, if you mention Southern Plante'-. Sydney Johnston, Stonewall Best varieties in U. S. True to variety Jackson, Longstreet, "Jeb" Stuart, Cions cut from bearing trees by mem- Pickett, Heth, Early, S. D. Lee, A. P. Bone Spavin, Bog Spavin. Eingbone or we have what you ber Hill, D. H. Hill, Ewell, Hardie, Van any kind of blemish— of firm. Full descriptive Catalogue need to make a certain cure. Guaranteed of ALL FRUIT trees, free Dorn, McLaws, Bee, Wheeler, Field, always—money right back if It ever faus. B. \V. Thomasville, Ga Wilcox and Pegram. The Union army Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid) STOXE & CO , included Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, for the soft bunches-Paste for the hard and the Hancock and other stout leaders ones. A 45-mlDute application many lameness goes. Lots of blemish infor- of superior ability, but the Confederate mation in the free book we send. Reliable Seeds list carries with it a higher military average." rFislulsc In a clipping from another paper Afvd ' Crimson and White Blooming Oer- (The New York Times) I read the fol- man Clover, Vetches, Alfalfa, Rape. lowing: "West Pointers, professionally, and all varieties Grain and Grass Seeds. We have a nice stock of ONION .SETS are equally as proud, and with as good Do yourself what horse doctors and GARDEN ÊKD.S for fall planting. reason, of the Confederate generals as charge big prices (or trying to do. Write us for quotations. Mall orders Cure Fistula or Poll Evil In fifteen given jjrompt attention. Pend ng your of those on the Union side." to thirty days. orflers and you will get good seed every Jefferson Davis was also a graduate Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure time. of West Point, and was amongst the iB a wonder-guaranteed to cure any case—money back if it fails. No cuttlng-- many Southern officers who distin- DIQQS & BEADLES, \\ no scar. Leaves the horse Bound and for our free book on 1709 E. Franklin St., guished themselves in the Mexican smooth. Write diseases and blemishes of horses. RICH.MO.ND, - . VIRGINIA. v.ar. In 1860, about nine months TLEMINC BROS., Chemists, Catalogue mailei free on request. before the civil war broke out, Jeffer- S80 Colon Stock Yards, OhloaKo, HI. son Davis was appointed to head a ii ^p'» »' f «f i»î ^ •-• — ''" ' board for examining into the system of instruction and discipline at West ii ({ills Prairie Oogs, Wood- ifOEATH TO HEAVES^ NEWTON'S Hcare, Coagh, Dis- )) Point, and recommending changes, con- Unaranteed temper and lodigeation Curee A veterinary specific for wiDd^ 'irain Insects. "The ducing to greater ' iflciency, but the ,throat and stomacti trouMea. FUMA wheels of the gods grin^l war came on so soon afterwards that Strong recommends. Jl.OO par slow but exceeding! v can. Dealers. Mail or Kx. paid. small." 'ô ihe '.veevll. but you can stop their the recommendations of the board were The Newton Bemedy Com Toledo, Ohio. " not acted on. in"b Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" a%'e dlT Robert E. Lee was appointed super- EDWAtfO R. TAYLOR, Penn Van, N. V NO nORE BLIND HORSES. intendent of West Point in 1852, a posi- For Specific Opt almla, Moon Blindness, and tion which he held un{il 1855, when he other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la havea was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel of sure cure. lEarLabels the Second Regiment of cavalry, with (for SHEEP, HOGS FOR EVERYTHING; which he served in Texas. SECOND-HAND; F.S.BURCH land CATTLE, from NEW OR $1.00 per 100 up. SOLD OR RENTED. Write for prices. Best on Ibe market. Send for Free CtAa.\o%ut Stockmen's Mention the Southebn Plantei In BAGS Svpylies. F. 8. BURCH & CO., 144 lliinolt St Chicago. wrltlDK. RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va. 618 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. [September,

r NOTES PROM THE WEST. QA:rs ANo RYE Notwithstanding that Minneapolis is the wheat converting centre of the ing of to produce la-ge, full grains require country, the average wheat yield of a comTjlete fertilizer rich in Minnesota is only that of the average of the United States—about 14 bushels per acre. Fourteen bushels—how ridi- lamp-chim- culously meagre? Five years from now it will be much larger. Why, again? Because the State has one of neys is music the best State Farms and Experiment Stations in the country, and its work tj&^ in wheat breeding has become famous in the cereal world. The State Farm to grocers. has bred wheat with increased yield of 18 per cent. This means an increase, upon the same acreage, of fifteen mil- Macbeth. lion bushels of Minnesota No. 1 red spring wheat. It would mean an in- you use a wrong chimney, you lose a BOOICS FREE crease as applied to the whole United If nearly three bushels per good deal of both light and comfort, and Write to-dav for our valuable States of acre, or over a hundred million bush- waste a dollar or two a year a lamp on books on "Fertilization. " The els. The process is simple, as related chimneys. information contained in them to me by Professor Hays, the State Do you want the Index ? Write me. first step is sim- means wow^ to you. Address: Agriculturist. The ply a matter of selection. Each wheat Macbeth, Pittsbursh. GERMAN KALI WORKS seed is self-pollinating, and it will 3*cn X'ork—93 Xassan Street, or come true to seed. In a bushel of AQJsJlCULSUkAL LIME, Atliiitta, Crt.— :JV' So. nroad «t. wheat there are various kinds. Some HARDWOOD ASHES. of the seed will produce at the rate of 15 bushels per acre; some at 20 bush- Virginia and Maine Grown Seed Potatoes. perhaps at 25 bushels, els, and some Piiris Gieen, Paris Green Mixture, question se- on good land. It is a of Bug Death. SEED OATS lecting out the best seed. The first Fertilizers, etc. year's step is to take some good wheat Land Plaster, FOR SALE. and plant a large number of grains, Horse and Hand power Sprayers, about four inches apart. Out of the Shipping Packages whole lot the very best 50 grains are 1,200 Bushels Virginia Winter for fruits and vegetables. selected and planted the following Grey or Turf. year. Out of this crop the best 50 are selected, which will be better than WRITE FOR PRICES. These oats were sown In the Fall; are of the 50 of the preceding year. And so a very superior qualltr and EXTRA HEAVY on for several years. Finally, after PERCY L. BANKS Grown In Albemarle County, in the Pied- eight or ten years 50 wheat kernels mont section of Virginia, where the best seed Box 182, Norfolk, Va. will result superior to the origi- oats obtalnabls are produced. Samples sent much Pro- Ginseng, (iolden Seal andlSeneca Snake Root. on application. nal seed, and, as in the case of AddreM WOODSIDE RTOfl- to pay fessor Hays' experiment, these were Don't take but few square yards FARM, P. O. Box 145, Charlottesville, Va. more dividends than a whole farm planted in then planted for seed, and as soon as a anything else. Send stamp for particulars, Bryson City, THE sufiicient amount had been accumu- prices, etc. J. L. GIBSON, lated, distributed among farmers and N. C. ^ seedmen, who are rapidly introducing GINSENG &. RAW FURS NUT NORSERY CO. the improved seed throughout the State of the common seed. The for your goods. Write MONTICELLO FLA. in place Wanted; full value more complex part of the experiment Address H. C. MBTCALF, Growers of FANCY and RATE VAHTETTEa tor price lists. is the artificial crossing or hybridizing by grafting in all of the more Important Alstead, N. H. species of nuts. We have probably the of different plants of this improved OF In FINEST STOCK GRAFTED PECANS sub-variety. Professor Hays believes r^^\ PLANTS. Very stocky, with the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F. er D\/ it is not too much to expect that 15 '^tl«Cr>T large bushy roots From Im- .JONES. Manager. White bushel wheat can be selected and bred ported seeds. Golden Self Blanching, Plume, Giant Pascal, Golden Heart, 81.50per 1000; up first to 20 bushel wheat, and later to 90c.per500. Strawberry Plants, 25 bushel wheat. p ^ ROCHELLE, Chester. N.J. "But I would not dare predict this," Trees, etc. he said, "because people are impatient I MAILBOX. $1.C0 buys 1,000 nice young STRAWBERRY for immediate results, and such ac- THE HESSLERI Best, Cheap- PLANTS, and if you are not satisfied with complishments are secured only by est and nost them, you can get your money bacli. Send long and patient, systematic effort." Durable Hall for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, R. Box on the Professor Hays' accomplishments, Market. Full F. D. 2, Sherman Heights, Tenn. however, already performed, even G o vernment should they go no further, rank him size and approved by Post- as one of the foremost of the scientific Extra Fine Seed Grain For Sale master Gen- agriculturists of the day who do things. eral. Price of

Qolden Chaff wh'-at ) boxes, $1.00. Everett'.* Mijjh Orade wheatj' "earflless ^ Bra'ss locks, Red Wonder wtioat bearded The appointment of W. M. Hays, with chain, 86 Virginia Winter Gray or Turf oats Professor of Agriculture in the Uni- cents. We make a discount on dozen lota. Oirculars Free. Orders shipped promptly. All these varieties are strictly No 1 seed versity of Minnesota, prominently grain. Beautiful Souvenir Button mailed free on ap- Price wheat $1..')0; Oats7.5 cts per bushel. mentioned as the President's probable plication. W. M. WaTKINS and SONS, Saxe. Va. choice for Assistant Secretary of Agri- H. B. Hessler Co., Factory A, Syracuse, N. Y, 1904.] THE SOUTHEEE" PLAI^TEE. 619

culture, would bring to that office not FARM MAPS. only one of the most practical farmers Millboro Springs Have you a map of your farm, or Is of the country, but a man thoroughly your old map torn and falling to pieces? abreast of the times regarding the I make a specialty of farm map making, needs of greater agricultural education and should be glad to make you a nice map. If you haven't a map, copy the in the country schools. In fact, Pro- metes and bounds from your deed (be fessor Hays is considerable in advance Colleget careful in copying), and mail to me; or if of public thought upon this subject, you want your old map copied, mail it to me. My maps are made on best quality and is, along with a few other far- mapping cloth (doesn't tear or fade), and sighted educators, endeavoring to drag well FOR YOUNG LADIES. look framed and hung on the wall. public opinion after him. Are '" ^u satisfied that your farm contains as n. my acres as you paid for? or are "By their fruits ye shall know you buying or selling land and wish to them." This instructor of young men 2,200 feet above sea level. Located in the know the area without going to the and women is not a theorist. He has waters. trouble and expense of a new survey? If heart of the Alleghanies. Pure spring so, let me calculate the educated hundreds of boys and girls in area for you from Preparatory and College courses. Special ad- the old notes on your deed. Many of our better methods of farming, and they old surveyors were very careless with have gone back to the farm to make vantages in Music, Art and Elocution. Horn* their calculations, and I may save you many times my small charge for calcu- of that business the greatest possible care and training. Session begins Sept. 27, lating. success. Minnesota and the northern 1904. Terms, moderate. Address J. GRA- My charges are: For maps, |2.00 each; Mississippi Valley owe much to him, for calculating area, 10 sides or under, DAVIDSON, Milboro Springs, Bath and his appointment as Assistant Sec- HAM ?1.00; 10c. extra for each side over 10. DAVID T. WILLIAMS, retary of Agriculture would greatly county, Va. Civil Engineer and Surveyor, 336 Main broaden the scope of his valuable work. St., Danville, Va. Secretary Wilson and i'rofessor Hays entertain highest VIRGINIA DIVISION. the regard for each other. FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION. Chartered by State of Virginia. A Washington man who holds a gov- A fire Insurance Association for Farmers of ernment position has a fine little flock Eastern Virginia. of hens and sells from two to six Organized January 9, 1899; amount Insured dozen eggs a week, besides what his lanuary 9, 1904, J 400,600; policies secured by family consumes. He asks from two real and personal property, estimated value, $1,000,000. 'end for statement of pUn and book to four cents more for his eggs than ofmembfrshiptoCHAS. N. FRIEND, General the store price, according to the season. Agent, Chester, Va. and Coz&6eirva£oi:*y of Music it, sell twice as He gets and he could A High Grade College for Young Ladies. many eggs right among his fellow Delightful climate ; beautiful suburban location; WANTED, clerks. Why? Because they all know new fireproof buildings. University -trained, experienced teachers; reputation thorough A POSITION as far manager by a thor- i.hat these eggs Are absolutely fresh, for work, good health, fine table-board. Catalog free. oughly experienced man. Up in all branches. and only the city dweller, who has to Ten years at last place. Can Chas. B.King, Pres., Charlotte, If.C. control some eat stale and limed eggs, knows how good labor. Unquestionable references furnished. Address PARMER, care of The to appreciate fresh ones. If this can Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. be done on a small scale by personal Polytechnic Institute, contact between the producer and the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College) A. "WorKing Manager. consumer, it can be done on a commer- (State AT BLACKSBURG, VA. Wanted for cial basis by any farmer or poultry a small farm in Virginia. Must INSTITUTE OF TECH- be a man of experience and push, under- owner, providing he takes the same A SOUTHERN standing the care NOLOGY. of live stock and the work- care which the Washington govern- ing of improved farm machinery. Only those 54 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shops, with the best of recommendations need ap- ment clerk does. Laboratories, and Infirmary. Farm of 400 ply. DR. THOS. W. KAY. 345 Wyoming acres. Steam heating and electric lights U avenue, Scranton, Pa. dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture, Have you read Kipling's "Jungle Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri- Book," in a chapter of which he tells cal Engineering, Applied Chemistry and Gen- courses In Practical ..Working Foreman.. about Letting in the jungle? The in- eral Science. Shorter Agriculture and Practical Mechanics. Total so un- habitants of the jungle make it cost of session of nine months, including tui- for large farm, wanted. Man with boys old comfortable for the man family of a tion, and other fees. Board, Washing, Teit- enough for farm work preferred. Must be a nearby community by concerted at- Books, Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc., Cost to State students,$182. Next ses- tacks, leave the vi- $222. hustler and up-to-date farmer. Best refer- that the humans begins Sept. 21, 1904. For catalogue and sion McBRTDB, ences required. Address P. O. Box 55, Green- cinity in despair and in a short time other Information, apply to J. M. President. wood, Albemarle county, Va. the jungle, with its rapid growth of Ph. D., LL. D., vegetation, again holds full sway and all but obliterates the efforts of puny School of Accomplishments. WANTED! man to reclaim it from the wilderness. ALL KINDS OF In a recent trip through such prosper- .Music, Artt Languages. ous farming States as Maryland, Ohio, LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS SESSION BEGINS SEPTEMBER J5th. Indiana and Illinois, I noted many in- Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White stances of the letting in of the jungle. Squirrels, Dnckn, Swans, Bob White 18 Iowa Circle N. W. , Washington, D. C. Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac- Land which had been bravely cleared coons, Foxes Etc. and planted to cultivated crops had MRS. ROUTT-JOHNSON, Principal. DR. CECIL FRENCH, been, after a few years, allowed to go 718 Twelfth St. N. W.. Washlngtor. D. C. back and to grow up to weeds, bram- bles and scrub. No dangerous wild Scarr's Fruit Preservative. beasts lurk therein, but the seeds of jara are not necessary In ..Second Hand Bags.. sloth. Indolence and bad management Sealed or air tight preserving Fruits or Vegetables. Being made Wanted. kind, Any any quantity, anywhere. had everywhere sprung into promi- from pure materials, this i'reservative does not I pay freight. the GEO. T. KING, Rich- nence, and the land has become well- Impair the flavor. Absolutely harmless. If mond, Va. druggist or grocer cannot supply you, nigh as unproductive and as non-con- your write direct to us. as Mention the Southebw Planteb Id tributing to the human community SCARR'S FRUIT PRESERVATIVE CO., wrltla*. did the Indian jungle. Year after year Statesville, N. C. 620 THE SOUTHERN PLAITTER. [September,

goes by and such lands lie practically idle, sustaining useless growths, where, [|0|y|ES*NaiHE.PlACETO by a little foresight and small guid- FIND THEM. Northern ance, the stores of fertility might be place in United States can a No the converted into useful and sightly man do so well at farming, for th e money groves of nut, post or wood-bearing invested, as in Virginia. Lands are trees, even admitting that it is im- cheap; climate good, and the best of practicable to work farm crops. There markets close at hand. It is the State will never be a lack of a good market of all others, for a comfortable all the Virginia for locust or catalpa posts, railroad ties year round home. The James River or telegraph and telephone poles, and Valley Colonization and Improvement there Is no latitude or longitude in the Company ofier superior advantages to country where some useful and profit land purchasers. For free 36 page land making tree will not make a merchant- pamphlet, address able growth on the poorest soil. The W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. Farms years slip by rapidly, and useful, quick C &OMain St. Depot Richmond, Va. growing trees soon add large value to vacant land. If eight or ten years does not bring them into actual marketable condition, it increases thfr Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit. value of the land they occupy, just as Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to a two-thirds matured crop of wheat thirty miles of Washington, D. G. makes land more valuable than that No. 5. 163 acres; half timber, ba) SIR — which lies fallow; only that land once ance cleared; li miles from station The best grazing section of Virginia, Blue planted to trees yields a continuous grass Indigenous. If you are Interested iH Good 7 room house; large bam; good annual crop for a man's lifetime. fruit growing or trucking, you can find no water. Price, $2,000. better country In the United States. No. 16.—130 acres; 20 in timber BUT THE BEST and send for our free Experiments recently made in Real Estate Bulletin, it will help you find It. balance cleared. Good land. In good France for the purpose of ascertaining SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND condition. Comfortable 4 room house AGENCY, C. B. Thomas and L. P. Krennlng, the nutritive value of salt for sheep Fine water. Five miles from station General Managers, WythevUle, Va. show that sheep which had been fed Fronts on Pike. Price, per acre. $20 salt gained in weight four and one- No. 22. 225 acres. and one — Two half pounds more than those which half miles from station. Forty acres received no salt. Moreover, the sheep .•To Homeseekers** timber, balance cleared. Fine land which received salt produced one and In good condition. Good 7 room three-fourths pounds more wool and of " house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20 THE BUSINESS OF FARMING a better quality than those which re- per acre. ceiver no salt. IN VIRGINIA." No. 23.—50 acres truck and fruit farm. Price, Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the $2,650. A report from Tennessee shows that No. 25. 175 acres. Grain and Blue Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We — the farmers of that State spend an- Grass farm in Rockbridge county, li will gladly mail you a copy. nually about $1,500,000 for fertilizers, miles from Vista. W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt., Buena Fine condl whereas the droppings from the one tlon. Nice home. Price, $5,300. G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, million head of cattle of all classes in No. 28. 516 acres. Grain and Blue Roanoke, Va. — that State, according to results ob- Grass Farm, miles from li Buens tained at the Ontario Agricultural Sta- Vista. First class condition. Hand tion, are worth about $40 a head a FOR SALE Bome home; all modern equipments year. It will be seen that an appall- Price, $16,000. ing waste is going on when one con- OR No. 34. 50 acres. Truck and fruit — siders how insignificant an amount of farm, 12 miles from aWshington, neai ON stable manure is being placed on our FARM SHARES railroad station. Excellent condition farms. All Improved selected fruit. Price, I will sell all or one-half my dairy business, $5,600. or I will give the right man an Interest la The English are great consumers of No. 30. —50 acre farm in Loudoun profits to superintend same. A bargain for a bacon. A vast majority of the people county, 3i miles from rail. Price, good man. Apply OAK HILL STOCK AND of that country eat bacon for break- $1,600. DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va. fast at least six mornings out of seven No. 33.—400 acre farm in Loudoun D. & W. R'y. throughout the year. county. Good grain and grazing land Guy E. Mitchell. Price, $7,500. No. 35.—400 acre farm in Loudoun Northern Virginia, county. Excellent grain and grass "CHICKEN CHAT." Oraliv Fruit, Dairy and Blue Qrass Farms of land. Modern improved buildings This is the citle of a very valuable every Class within one hour of Wnshlngton, 1). C. Price, $8,000. little book issued by the Zenner Disin- LOUDOUN COUNTY Farms a Specialty No. 3G. 275 acre farm in Fairfax fectant Company, 93 Bates street, De- — Catalogue on application. Fine quality of grain and grass land. troit, Mich. It describes all diseases p. B. BUE.LL CEL SON, Good buildings. Refined and edu- to which poultrydom is heir and .gives R.eal Estate BroKers, cated citizens. Price, $7,000. a remedy for them. Everybody who Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va. See April and May issue of South- keeps fowls, in either small or large KBN Planter for description of the numbers, should send for a copy of above farms, and write for my farm the book, which will be furnished free For Exchange list and full information. by applying to the above address. A Florida Seashore Hotel, open the year round. Nets the owner over $5,000 annually; The rain it raineth every day win exchange for a fully stocked farm In W. E. MILLER, Upon the just and unjust fellows; Virginia or adjacent State; must come North But, chiefly on the just, because. on account of health. J. T. FLOURNOT, HERNDON, VA. The unjust take the just's umbrellas. 793 Ocean Ave., Jersey City, N. J. \

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 621

THE LABOR DIFFICULTY. Old Virginia Farms Editor Southern Planter: Make Your Idle Money In the July number of The Planter, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tracts. I noted an article by Mr. Camm Pat- Some of these highly improved and conve- teson, and his utterance in regard to nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley the labor situation in the South es- Earn You Interest. lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK- pecially caught my attention. As we ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich- have all felt the necessity mond, Va. of an im- Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK provement in the quality of labor on of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for Infor- the farm for some years past, I beg mation concerning lis certificate of 630 ACRE FARM to call attention to the means em- deposit, so arranged that one per ployed by some of the Northwestern cent, may be collected every FOUR Near Keysville, Va., for sale at ?4.00 per States to add to the supply of good MONTHS through your nearest bank acre. This farm Is well wooded and watered; farm labor in the past. I think that or store. about half of it is In original growth timber both Minnesota and Wisconsin have in Our experience valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx- proves this form for past years sent commissioners to Eu- sayings to be the satisfactory ious to sell. Correspondence invited. T. E. most rope, especially to the Scandinavian plan yet devised for deposits of PwOBERTS, Chase Citr, Va. 8100.00 countries, to encourage emigration to or more. their States. The result was an an- Our Capital and Surplus is FARMLANDS. nual stream of emigrants from those countries, who, in a short time, not ONE MILLION DOLLARS. The best locations, choicest lands in Vir- only laborers, ginia. Grains, Grasses, Fruit, Poultry, Dairy, became good farm but JOHN B. PURCELL, President. Stock. For information address REAL ES- skilled and trusted help in factory and JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., TATE TRUST COMPANY, Richmond, Va. office, and some of the most prosper- Vlce-Pres. & Cashier. Owners desiring to list farms in new cata- R. ous and law-abiding citizens of those CHAS. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier. logue now in preparation will write at once J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier to W. M. Cary, Manager Farms Department. States. The situation must be growing No charge for listing property. desperate when men can make propo- sitions like the one made by Dr. Laf- ferty, viz.: the introduction of Chinese "Crop Growing 319 ACRE FARM coolie labor on the farm. In the first In Russell county, Va., for sale; fine grain place, a Chinaman will not become a and Crop Feeding." and blue grass farm, under a high state of citizen, and for that reason the United cultivation. Finely watered, containing five By Prof. W. f. massey. large limestone springs. Can be purchased States has seen fit to exclude him by 383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, SOc. reasonable. Parties interested are requested law, and, if the law should be repealed, to call and see or address STEELE BROS.. there would be the race problem in his Raven, Va. case—the same as we now have with We offer this splendid work in connec- the negro—and I have my doubt about / Can Sell Your Farm... tion with the SOUTHERN the Chinese coolies being more trust- PLANTER If located in one of these Virginia counties: worthy laborers than the negro. at the following prices: Frince George, Chesterfield, King William. Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen, Mr. Editor, my question is this: If Southern Planter and Cloth Hanover. Send description, stating price. we have to supplant the negro with Bound Volume, $1.25. JOHN JELINEK, U16 Pine Alley, other labor, why not get a good class Braddock, Pa. Southern Planter and Paper of white labor, that will eventually Bound Volume, SOc. "In the Green Fields of Vtrginia." make good citizens, and add materially to the wealth and producing power Old or new subscriptions. Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi- ness and Independence tor ALL. ALL sizes of the State. I have often thought of of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL calling the attention of our excellent reasonable. Commissioner of Agriculture, Mr. Koi- FOR MACON & CO., Orange, Va. ner, to this fact, and I have no doubt that if the scheme was tried it would Gattie, Sheep, VIRGINIA FARMt prove successful, as it has in other Hogs. States. Oldest American Dip. Cheapest.! S3 PER ACRE AND UPWAWDB Moat Effective. Strongest obtainable. I may state here that I am a Nor- 1 gal. can $1. 52 gal. barrel $40. EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE. Catalog Stockmen's Supplies Free. wegian myself, moved here from Min- GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vs F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois Street, CHICAGa nesota a few years ago to make Vir- Established 1875. ginia my future home. I see grand THE FONTAINE riur CADMC in the great fruit frraln anc opportunities for the agriculture of this ririL rAnmO stock section of VIRGINIA State, but the present labor situation SHOCK BINDER Best climate and water in the U. 8. Near gren at J1.50 delivered, is the greatest labor saver markets, with best eflucational advantages blocks the way of progress. I would ever offered to farmers. It keeps shocks dry For further Information, address like to see more in The Planter about Inside and prevents them falling. Endorsed ALBEMARLE IMMISRATION CO., this question. Let the Commissioner by test farms of U. S., Va., N. C, 111. Sam'l B. vvooijs. Pres. ChanottesvllJe, Vt Send for circular with testimonials and di- of Agriculture take this question under rections for cutting and shocking corn. consideration, Agents Wanted. For full par- and correspond with ag- FONTAINE SHOCK BIND- ER CO., Christie, Va. ticulars wrilf ricultural societies in the States mentioned about this matter. A. JEFFERS M. O. Elton. Go South. Norfolk, Va. ABOUT THE BEST FOR BLISTER. • -^^ VIRGINIA FARMS •'^t Leesburg, Va., March 24, 1904. Nice little poultry farm. 100 acres, good t)on»< and orchard, $.T''0.0<(. Blue Grass, Stock and The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland, Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES, Ohio: LouUa, Va. GREENSBORO, N.C. I have used GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC for the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .r. BALSAM quite a good deal, and I think ither Drug Addictions. Tlie Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaust! VIRGINIA for a blister it's about the best I ever FARMS used. I wish your remedy every suc- A neat Binder for your back nm All price."? anr] sizes. Ask for free list. cess. CHAS. MOTT. bens can be had for 25 centa. Addrcna WM.B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond. V*. Manager Mayfield Stud Farm. our Business Office. 622 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [September,

SUMMER DESSERTS. EGGS FOR HATCHING 30 ANGORA GOATS There is a theory among some house- strawberry Hill Poultr) Yards keepers fruits of For sale at B. P. KOCKS, S. C. B. LEG- ihat the luscious sum- HORN: », SI. SO for 15. GENUINE mer constitute an all-sufficient dessert reasonable Prices. ARISTOCRATS. Taken first prize throughout 7 States. during the hot months. They will Kids in Pairs. LEGHORN COCKERELS FOR SALE fix up grapes, peaches and pears in Box 287, Richmond. Va. fanciful pyramids, with leaves about them and a knot of ribbon or flowers on top, and waste time in carving out White Leghorn rosy slices of watermelon instead of going to work and making some des- Cockerels for sale. Exhibition sert which would satisfy an old-fashioned person like myself. For my part, or breeding stock. Address I prefer something more premeditated C. Q. M. FINK, and less simple. I am not advocating any elaborate R- F. D. 2, Richmond, C. H.WINE, Brandy Station.Va. Va course that will cost a lot and make you work too hard. Peach ice cream is a favorite sweet dish with every Piedmont Poultry Place, MANSFIELD one, and if you have plenty of soft, "Handles notKing b\it tHe best." ripe peaches, it can be easily made. We now offer Pure-bred POLANU-CHINA Before beginning, examine the ma STOCK FARM Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 week* chinery of your freezer to see if it is 1 2-year-old 3-4 Male Angora, $7.00. old. Single pig 86: per pair sto; per trio. $14. Some ready for shipment May 15th. First or- in good running order. Grease every 1 1-year-old 3-4 Male Angora, $5.00. ders get best pigs. part lightly, and be sure to put a little 4 Kids, Male Angora, $3.00. Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop., lard or oil on that socket in the pail Pure, but unregistered, 16 mos. old. Whittles Depot. Va ^ In whicji the knob of the freezer turns. 1 Dark Jersey Bull, out of 7 Lb. Cow, $15. Crack up the ice in Sinall lumps and 1 Steele Jersey Bull, out of 8 Lb. Cow, $15. PIT GAMES have a little bucket of salt ready, ^and Also 1 nearly new Star Pea Huller, cost Black Devils and Red Cubans. the main difficulty is over, for if your $25. Will sell for $20. Used one season only.

Where they won, Sharon, N. T., 4 out of E freezer is in good order and if it is Hand power. Will thresh and clean 6, bush- Blue Rock, Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa.. 1 "The Queen," you will have done in els per hour. W. E. HAMMOND, Goochland straight. Roanoke. Va., 8 out of 9. Akron thirty minutes from putting in the C. H., Va. la.. 2 BtralcbtB. Eggs, f2 per sitting. Youax trios, quail size, %3. cream. Wanted—Prices on 40 good grade sheep, de- THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. Take one gallon of morning's milk livered at my station. Maidens, C. & C, Va. and sweeten with one cup of white FOR SALE. Kugfir and pour into the freezer. Turn rapidly ten minutes. By that it MAMMOTH BRONZE time Angora Goats TURKEYS, P. B. R. will begin to freeze. Have ready two CHICKENS, TOULOUSE GEESE. Two Hol- Several very high grade buck kids (from reg- quarts of soft peaches, mashed fine Btein Friesian Heifers. Five large English istered sire Jb grade does), look like pure breds. and sweetened with two cups of white For sale at only S each, F. O. B. Don't write Berkshire Pigs. Prices reasonable, and sat- S sugar. Add this to the milk and stir but send check with order to isfaction guaranteed. MRS. W. P. JACK- well. Fasten up the freezer and turn A. L. FRENCH. Byrdviile, Va. SON, Olga P. 0., Amelia county, Va. for twenty minutes, and a dainty, re- Also high class registered Angus cattle. freshing dessert is * ready. Cover Barred Plymouth Rock closely with newspapers until you are ready to serve it, and mark my words, Cockerels and Pullets for sale the of the family will Goats at prices as men think you Angora low as you pay for common chickens. Good, the sweetest , most industrious girl in 8 pure bred, young females and 1 male, for healthy stock. Address Mrs. W. A. ED- the country, especially if you perform sale. E. L. TOMPKINS, Fine Creek Mills, WARDS, Irwin, Va. this loving service with a smiling air, instead of posing for a martyred angel. Va. PIEDMONT MEiaHTS FARH Another summer dessert we are fond lUnnDA PflATC are handsome, hardy and has tor sale a number of of is baked peach dumplings. profitable For large cir- Take AnUUnA UUA I O S X. B LEGHORN COCKERELS. one quart of fruit, add two teaspoon- cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Cllfty. Ky tuls of baking powder before sifting, Early hatched. $1 each. F. C. LOUHOFP, into it Yancey .Mills, Va. and work one cup of butter or lard, and then a cup of sweet milk. Edgewood Stock Farm. LIGHT BRAHMAS. Roll out thin and cut into little SCOTCH COLLIES Pure brr-d stock from prize winning strains. squares, wrap a peeled peach in each A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, fiill Old and young stock for sale. Hens, $1.50; of these pastry blankets and put side white marks. Bred strong In blood of Chris- roosters, J2.50; puIieU, $1; cockerels, $2.00. and Marvel. by side in an ordinary bread pan. topher, Barwell Mystery, Doon J. H. ERASER, CartersvUle, Va. (Cumber- Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers. land county). This amount ought to make twenty Pups now ready at $10 and $8. Eligible to dumplings. They take thirty minutes registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLB, Pure Bred to cook with a quite hot fire. Take Maxwelton, W. Va. two cups of sugar and mix into a COLLIE PUPS -• Barrs^d Plymouth Rock smooth paste with a half cup of butter Hy Imported Sires Sable and white and trl- and a half teaspoonful of pullets for sale. Price, 30c. to |1, according powdered folors. Prices. 88 to $15. Older ones correspond- ingly low- Book on Training. .50 cents: Fbkb If to age, if taken at once. B. cinnamon to each of the dumplings, or WM. LEWIS, vou buy a (lollie. Irby, Nottoway county, Va. you can have just butter and sugar as a MAPLEVONTSTOCKFARJI, South Aihol,Mass. sauce. P\jre-Bred Buff You can serve this same pastry for Orpington any kind of baked fruit dumplings, CHICKENS Cockerels for sale; $1 up, depending on apples, damsons, any kind of berries for sale. B. P. ROCK, S. C. B. LEGHORN quality. Write me what you want. T. M. and WHITE WYANDOTTE. Fine pure bred or preserves. Only for small fruit, KING, Queensland Farm, R. F. D. 2, Hagan, stock. Prices reasonable. Write Miss CLARA Lee county, Va. roll out Into one large sheet instead L. SMITH, Croxton, Caroline county, Va. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEK. 623

3 Thoroughbred Mares of cutting into inch squares as for ELLERSLIE FARMa*^ apples or peaches, and filling the mid- FOR SALE. dle of the sheets with fruit, roll up and TliorotJiglitored Morses VOLEE, B. M. Foaled 1891, by Volante, pinch the ends well together. Some winner of the American Derby, and son of Grinstead and Sister Ann, by imp. Glenelge. people put a teaspoonful of sugar in AND SHORTHORN CAHLE, First dam imp. Lady Trappist, dam of five each dumpling before baking, but this winners, Trappist; Pure SoTjtiido'wn ^l).eep by second, Vic by Al- never tasted really good to me. I pre- bert Victor; third, dam Modena by Parme- fer a honest bowl of sauce and Berks i' ire Pigs. san, etc. This mare is a winner, and has a or the ch. c. Foaled May 19th by the Great Trial strength found in an unaffected plate Fob Salk. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, winner Chiswick, by imp. Mr. Pickwick— of butter and sugar sauce. Alice ruce by Fellowcraft. Price of mare Chaelottksville, Va. and coii, ?350. Alice Winston. DEABLESSE. B. M. Foaled 1896, by KENTUCKY JACK FARM Montfort, son of imp. Mortemer and RevolC SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO. A fine lot of KEN- Lexington. by First dam. Miss Grace (sister Special attention is called to the ad. to Diablo), by Eolus; second dam, Grace TUCKY bred and big of the Sydnor Darling, by Jonesboro; third dam, Ninetta, Pump & Well Co. in this BLACK SPANISH by Revenue, etc. This mare has a filly foal, issue. This company closed a contract Jacks and Jenneta; which will not be sOld, so mare cannot be with the United States Government delivered untU early in September. Price, alse 1 and 2 year old army oflacials at Manassas, Va., on July Jacks; young »tock for 30th for a system of water works to DARTEE, Br. M. Foaled 1900 by Imp. aale at all times. Water Lever, sire of Isonomy and Water supply the troops encamped at this Write or see me be- Lily, by Lord Lyon. First dam, Fearnot. by point during the army manoeuvres to Jim Gray; second dam. Fearless, by imp. St. fore you buy. Come to Kentucky If yon be held Blaise; third dam, imp. Dauntless, by Maca- from September 2nd to 12th. want a good Jack. JOB B. WRIGHT, Junc- roni, etc. This mare has won races. Price, It embraced the drilling of twelve ar- tion City. Ky. ^00. tesian wells, the installation of about All of these mares are fine individuals, and nine miles of pipe, seven 10,000-gallon are ro.vslly bred, and all have been bred, and Virginia Bred Jack, are believed to be in foal to the young im- tanks and towers, twelve Charter gaso- A fine one, for sale. 2 years old lOtb last ported horse, Aldine, by St. Simon. First line engines in connection with four Ronaldina, Barcaldine; second dam. June. He is large for his age, and a perfect dam, by hundred and fifty shower baths in Lady Ronald, by Lord Lyon: third dam, beauty. Will sell cheap for cash. Write or Edith, by Newminster, etc. Address connection with a large quantity of come to see J. B. THOMASSON, Bumpass. WILLSON CHAMBERLAIN, small galvanized steel watering tanks Charlottesville, Va. Va. R. F. D 2, and other similar fixtures. One of the provisions of the contract called for BURKES' GARDEN the completion of this work by the FOR SALE 25th of August. It is quite a tribute A fine team of gray to the ability of the personnel of the DORSETS company that they have not only com- PERCHERON MARES plied with the contract, but have put I have a few pure bred RAMS and some prices with- weighing about 2800 pounds, 6 and 7 years in extra work, all of which has been good GRADE EWES tor sale at old, very active, fine workers everywhere, completed on time. in reach of all. SAM'L T. HBNINGBR, both safe In foal to the great gray Perche- This shows that Burke's Garden, Va. ron stallion DOM PEDRO, No. 15558, recently the Southern people are becoming bet- sold at a long price to Messrs. Hicks & ter equipped every day to compete with Hopkins, of Mathews Co. Price of mares, Northern firms. This company not on- J400. If convenient, will trade in a good Woodland Farm driver for part payment. MEYER & JEHNE, ly makes a specialty of complete wa- Farmville, Va. ter supply system, but install complete oflers the best lot of October dropped plumbing systems in connection there- iambs which One Registered with in country residences, and num- Dorset Ram ber among their customers in work it has ever raised. of this character, the Ramsay's, at his- Thoroughbred Stallion J. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg, 0. torical old Westover; Mr. Jos. Bryan, for sale. Also. 2 highly bred brood mares Mr. Wm. Rueger, Richmond, Va.; the Jno. AND and several colts, 1, 2, and 3 years old. N. A. Dix Ind. School, Dinwiddie, Va.; Mr. David Dunlop and Mr. W. H. B. COOKE, Taylorsville, Hanover county, Woody, Petersburg, Va.; Mr. I. J. R. Va. Muurling and Mr. J. K. Maddux, War- HEREFORDS renton, Va., the old Page Homestead, 4. ARMSTRONG, Lantz Mills, Va. Percheron Stallions at "Oakland," (birthplace of Thos. Nel- son Page,) county; Mr. For sale; 2 years old and older; bred from the Hanover Mur- best families in America; pedigrees tracing to ray Boocock and Mr. L. Pugh, Kes- Imported sire and dam; nothing but imported wick, Va. ; and, in fact, they are so stallion used at the head of stu'l; prices right. well known in this class of business D. T. MARTIN, .Salem, V* for reliability and first-class goods that V.P.I. r-^ PURE-BRED the best of the trade naturally goes to them. Besides this work, they sell Farm Bulletin Percheron Stallion boilers and engines for farm purposes, tor sale. Age, 5 years; weight, 1,500 pounds. gasoline engines, windmills, We have for sale at present, some splendid E. H. DeBUTTS, Llnflen, Va. compress- ed air storage tank systems, pumps of all kinds, iron wire fences, DORSET RAM LAMBS. OAK-HILL FARM . wrasKftk and saw- mills, saws, etc. Any one being in For prices, etc, address SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY need of any material of this kind AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT- would do well to correspond with them. Their Charter Gasoline Engines are D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr. TLB, BERKSHIRE HOGS, so widely and favorably known that FOR SALE not long ago they received an order Blacksburg, Va. for an engine to be shipped to the Shipping point OBk-Hlll, Va., rstatlon on farm) Southern Methodist church for for cm D. & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Uanvllle, Va. Board A neat Binder your back num- SAM'L HAIRSTON, of Foreign Missions at Shanghai, Chi- bers can be had for 26 cents. AddreM Wenonda, Va. na. our BuBlness Office. 624 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER [September,

WHEN VISITING THE WORLD'S GREAT HERD BULL FOR SALE The only soap FAIR RIDE ON THE FERRIS WHEEL. Marquis of Salisbury 16th The great Expositions held during that won't smart the last fifteen years have produced ATA BARGAIN. two marvelous examples of. engineering and constructive ability. One of these, the face — Will- the Eiffel Tower, was designed and built by a Frenchman at Paris for the

Exposition of 1889 ; the other, the Fer- iams' Shaving ris Wheel, was designed and built by the late Geo. W. G. Ferris for the World's Columbian Exposition at Chi- Soap. cago, in 1893. Sold everywhere. Write for Paris again held a great Exposition booklet " How to Shave." in 1900, but failed to produce any feat- The Williams Glastonbury, ure to take the place J. B Co , Ct. of the Eiffel Tower. In America, St. Louis, in 1904, Everybody Wants One. planned and produced the greatest Ex- O.I.C. 4 MONTHS OLD. position the world has ever seen. Scores of attempts were made to in- O. I. C. Boars $12.50 Each. vent something more wonderful and The best son of IMPORTED SALISBURY 76f59. Young stock cheaper. Cannot be beat. more attractive than the Ferris Wheel, ALMOST AN EXACT COUNTERPART OF HIM. but as Paris failed to outdo her own In this young bull Is a rare combination of the Eiffel Tower, so did St. Louis fail to best foreign and best America strains of blood, through his sire \vt have Boniface, the Grove Mansfield Stock Farm, equal the far-famed Ferris Wheel of 3d, Pioneer, Horace, Pirate, Monarch, St Thomas W. ELLIOT HAMMOND. Goochland C. H., Va the World's Columbian Exposition of and Lord Wilton, while through his dam we 1893. Arrangements were accordingly have the Earl ofShadelsnd 22d, Anxiety Mon- arch, Sir Richard 2nd, Anxiety, the Grove^Sd, PURE-BRED made to bring the Ferris Wheel to the and Garfield. Wrlteus. Louisiana Purchase Exposition, and it See our large add on another page. I. O. C PIGS was given a location near the geogra- ROSEMONTFARM, for sale. Weight of sire, over 400 pounds, Berryville, Clark«, Co., Va mother 290 pounds. Will make more meat phical center of the grounds. than any other breed of hogs from the same The Cascades, the Plateau of States, feed. Price, $4.50 each or $8 per pair. J. B. all the big buildings, the Pike, Festival THOMASSON, Bumpass, Va. Hall, the Art Building, Foreign Build- LARGE ings, Philippine Reservation, the Air Ship Enclosure; in fact, every point of interest in the grounds can be seen PIGS AT FARMER'S PRICES. from the big wheel. In addition, one for sale, from pure bred, registered stock; gets a view of St. Louis, the Mississip- fine litter farrowed June 26th; also one ser- S. M. WISECARVER, - Rustburg. Va. pi River, and the beautiful forests, vice boar 14 mos. old registered. C. H. hills and dales for fifty miles around. SOUTHWICK, Asheville, N. C. Salt Pond Herd. At night, the view of the illumination of the buildings and grounds is simply DUROCJERSEYS magnificent. Eye has not seen nor ear High-Class Poland Chinas heard of a more striking spectacle than Best registered blood. Home of PaulJ. 21625, Also Lulu's Pet 40434. the night view of the great Exposi- Strong-boned, healthy Pigs of March and May farrow for sale. Write tion from the top of the Ferris Wheel. pigs, either sex, 2 mos. for what you want. old, for 85.00, all eligible Hundreds of thousands of incandes- to registry and first S. A. WHITFAKER, Hopeslde, Va. cent lights bring the outlines of all the class. None but good ones shipped. buildings in bold relief. The Festival Hall and the Plateau of States are E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va. Registered ^e r?.L"i?l flooded in turn with white, red and C. Whites. Large PURE-BRED strain, All ages mated green lights, making a startling and ORCHARD HILL not akin, Bred sow, very beautiful effect. The best point to Service boars, Guern- sey calves, Scotch view this grand illumination is from Collie pups, and Poul- the Ferris Wheel. POLAND CHINA try. Write for prices When you come to the Fair, do not and free circular. P. F. HAMILTON. Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a (;ochranvllle, (Jheater Co., Pa. fail to ride upon it. fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B. Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR., SHAKESPEARE <& OWENS, THE IMPERIAL PULVERIZER. Best in their Lines The Peterson Manufacturing Com- R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va. At THE CEDARS, KENNELS, POULTRY pany, Kent, Ohio, send us a copy of LLEWELLYN SETTERS, BEAGLE the United States Trade Reports, an and STOCK FARM are bred the nnest HOUNDS, JERSEY CATTLE, DUROC JER- implement journal, giving an account "Feeds and Feeding' SEY SWINE, M. B. TURKEYS, and D. P. R. of the personal examination by its CHICKENS. WM. O. OWENS, Midlothian, editors of the Imperial Pulverizer and Prof. Henry's Great Book for Va. Clod Crusher. The result of the in- quiry must be eminently satisfactory Farmers and Stockmen. Essex and Poland China to the Peterson Manufacturing Com- pany, inasmuch as the editors pro- Deliyered anywhere for - - $2,00 pigB from i weeks to 4 nounce the machine as positively the mos. old, an extra, choice With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25 lot. Also some choice best thing of its kind on the market. Southdown and Uamp- Look up the advertisement elsewhere shlredown Sheep *d<1 ^^^.^ ^^^^ in this issue send for circulars, Mention The Southebn Plawt«i Lambs. For prices ad- ^Sgrntit^fiS^JaJ '''ifl* and dress L. 0. JONE5, Tobaccovllle, H. C, etc. when corresponding with advertlBera. —

1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 625 HEREFORD CALVES at bargain prices. IF YOU ARE NOT PREPARED TO PAY CASH, WE WILL GIVE YOU TIME. NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY FOR FALL SHIPMENT SOUTH. Calves by IMP. BRITISHER, last year Champion of ENGLAND AND AMERICAN; PROTECTOR, imported from ENG- LAND at a cost of $6,000; ACROBAT, the GREATEST living HEREFORD SIRE, cost the unprecedented price of $8,500, at nine years of age, sire of the $3,700 CHAMPION CARNA- TION; LARS, JR., a good son of the old CHAMPION LARS; BEAU DONALD, and others.

Now is the time to buy, before the advance which is sure to come. Get in the BAND WAGON, while you can get in CHEAP. Send for our HERD CATALOGUE, an encyclopedia of rich HEREFORD pedigrees, embellished with cuts of our cattle, also containing some words relative to the great ACROBAT, '6S469, our chief stock bull. A large plate

picture of ACROBAT will be sent to all who will frame it, size 14x18 inches. OUR BRIEF HISTORY OF HEREFORD CATTLE, being a book of some 40 pages, will soon be ready for distribu-

tion—be sure to send for a copy. OUR HERD is the LARGEST and BEST in the SOUTH AND EAST, numbering 70 HEAD of the very FINEST and FANCIEST specimens of the breed maintained in our rich BLUE GRASS pastures, in the VALLEY of the SHENANDOAH, insuring the best possible development of bone and muscle. We always have on hand a choice lot of females, of the choicest blood lines, bred and open. OUR CATALOGUE TELLS THE TALE be sure to get one. Inquire about our fine BRITISHER, PROTECTOR, BEAU DONALD and ACROBAT calves—we will send you a full and honest description, or better, visit us and make your own selection. Remember, we will

give you time to make payments, if you wish. Look for our ad. next month, and address us to-day as follows: ROSEMONT FARM Clarke County, = = = = Berryville, Va.

BROABRO" W. J. CARTERjL ] 1904. 1904.11904. 1904. Turf Journalist and WOODMONDEANDHmONDALEFARMS KELLY, 22283.

Pedigree Expert. . . Record 2:27. Sire of McChesney, 2:16%, etc. Bay horse, by Electioneer 125; first dam, Es- ther, dam of Expressive 3, 2:123^; Express, 2;21, Address P. 0. Box 929, Rich- etc.; by Express, etc. Kelly represents the BURLINBTON highest type of a trotter, having fine size and mond, Va., or 1102 Hull street, the form" and finish of a thorough-bred. For terms of service address Manchester, Va. " Tiie Gentleman in Black," W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va, Representing the Times-Dis- Kelly will serve at my private stable, 1102 Hull street, Manchester, Va. Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap, patch and Southern Planter, Brool

Richmond, Va. ; Kentucky Stock Black horse, by Powhatan, dam imp. Inver GREAT STAKES, 25521. Farm and The Thoroughbred cauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam imp. Eleanor, by Record 2:20. Voltlgeur; 3d Themla, by Touchstone; 4th dam Sire of Captain, 2:16^ ; Foxhall, 2:19^ Record, ; Lexington Ky. ; Sports Rectitude (dam of Laius, Dr. Calus, Chivalry and etc. Bay horse, by Biely Thornhill, 2:24; of the Times, New York, and Aristldes), by Lottery; 5th dam Decision (dam dam, Sweetstakes, by Sweepstakes and of Brown Stout XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate, Great Stakes ; sires speed and good the Breeder and Sportsman, San etc., etc. BURLINGTON will make the season looks. of 1904 at J. E. Lane's above named farms at Francisco, Cal. Fee, 4525 the season. Eemont, Albemarle county, Va. Address W. H. NELSON, Fee 850 with usual return privilege If horse 1428 E. Franklin st , Richmond, Va. Is alive and in my possession. FOR SALE. For particulars address J. E. LANE, Richardson Brothers, Standard and Registered Trot- Esmont, Albemarle County, Va. 613 Brook Ave., Richmond, Va,, BUILDERS OF ting Mare, For Sale to Reduce Stock. Wagons and Carriages, rich bay, elegantly V^red, young and A select lot of business and pleasure THREE BROOD MARES, all trotters, Bound. Bred to Kelly, 2:27, and in foal. Vehicles on hand. Address W. J. CARTER, and richly bred. Bargains. Address Repairing neatly done. Orders by

Box 929, Richmond, Va. ROBERT TAIT, Norfolk, Va. I mail solicited. 626 THE SOUTHEE^T pLANTEE. [September,

A DRILL THAT EVERY GRAIN GROWER NEEDS. The United States produces nearly RED POLL CATTLE one-third of the grain crop of the en- Best for Milk. Butter and Beef. tire world. This great yield from the soil of America is due, in large measure, to the improved machinery used Poland China Pigs. by the American farmer, and particu- Contains the larly to the method of sowing the grain; automatic grain drills being ex- Shetland Ponies. tensively used by the Finest Blood Lines progressive grower. Pure-Bred Fowls. in England and America. A model machine of this description is the Pennsylvania Low Down Grain and Fertilizer Drill, invented and made Young Stock for Sale. by the A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd., of Arrowhead Stock Farm, Inquiries cheerfully answered. York, Pa. This firm was the first to Charlottesville, Va. design and put on the market a low down drill, doing away with the cum- EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefieid Farms PURE-BRED bersome cog gear and substituting Berryville, Virginia. sprocket wheels and chains. The Pennsylvania is a handy drill, simple in construction, and extremely Pigs ready for delivery this month. Two light draft. It has the regulation four- months old and a nice lot they are. Corre- BERKSHIRE PIQS foot driving wheels, but the frame is spondence solicited. H. SWINEFORD, Rich- hung below the axle, making the hop- mond, Va. j& FOR SALE ^ per very low. It sows accurately under all conditions. The fertilizer We have on our Hollybrook Farm a line at- HAWKSLEY STOCK FARN lot of young Berkshire Pigs from 8 to 12 tachment is constructed on a new prin- Has for sale, a choice lot of weeks old, for sale. These pigs are from ciple, making it an absolute force feed. registered stock, and are first-class In every It sows the dampest brands of phos- EnglisK BerKsKires Pi^s respect. Our pigs have free range, with fine stream of running water through the hog phate with east and regularity. Can furnish pairs not akin. A few young Boars ready for service; all of the choicest pastures, and our stock is as vigorous and The Improved Pennsylvania Low healthy as possible. Price either for boar or breeding. J. T. OLIVER, Prop., Allen's Down Drill is a pet speciality of the Level, Va. sow pigs, $5 each, crated and delivered on cars, or to express office at Richmond. Ad- Farquhar people, and it well deserves dress orders to HENRY W. WOOD, Box 330, the great success it has met with. The .'- Pure- Bred Registered Richmond, Va. A. B. Farquhar Co. issue an interesting booklet about their drills, which >^' herd represents the BERKSHIRE^ OUR is mailed free on application. very^^best Etralns of import- Boar and Sow for sale. Price, $25 each. will farrow about last of October. Splen- ed Large English Berk- Sow Akron, Ind., Aug. 14, 1904. did young animals weighing about 250 pounds shires. Choice stock at Dr. Jos. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.: each. P. MAXWELL, CONNER, Box 316, reasonable prices. Richmond, Va. Dear Sir: —About six or seven years Address ago my hogs all died from cholera and 30 PURE-BRED I did not have a hog of any kind on my Farm, Cottage Grove place for two or three months. But SOUTHDOWN EWES p. 0. Box 5. Greeniboro, N, C. not wishing to abandon the hog in- lambs for sale. Price, $15 each, October, dustry I then bought some fine and 1904, delivery. This flock was originally pur- BERKSHIRES. apparently healthy breeding stock and chased from Henry Webb, Babraham, Eng., within a week after getting and croFsed from time to time with the de- Feb- them on On sale, fine, vigorous Boars and Sows, scendants of Rams bought by John Hobart my place they took the cholera. I had ruary and March, 1904, farrow. Very cheap Warren from Lord Walsingham, of England. at $10 each until Sept. 1.5th. 3 Reg. Sows will little faith in doctoring hogs with this WM. JOHN, Linden, Va. (Mgr. Col R. H. farrow this month. The pigs, sired by MA- disease, but, through the influence of DULANY). SOX OF BILT.MORE. II 68.548, will be booked a friend, at $0 each, or $10 pair, delivered Charlottes- who recommended your rem- ville when 10 weeks old. NONE BUT BILT- edy, I purchased some of it. My hogs Meadow Brook MORE BLOOD IN MY HERD. ROBERT were so sick they would not eat, but HIBBERT, Charlotteisvllle, Va. I mixed the remedy with a little warm SHROPSHIRES. milk and after many efforts finally suc- sale; fine one and two year old ceeded in getting my hogs to eat it. For very BerKsKires In three days they were getting bet- pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very ter, Best ENGLISH and AMERICAN blood. and in a short time fully recov- nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow ered. They made me a fine lot of Herd Boars: Columbus Lee VIII (brother of Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va. Combination); Workman of W. (sire, .lack breeding .stock, and I have some of their progeny yet. Have had no trou- of all Trades). Stock for sale at prlceB YOU REGISTERED CAN AFFORD TO PAY. H. W. FUGATE, ble with my hogs since until recently, when some' of Fugate's Hill, RuBsell county, Va. my young brood sows SHROPSHSRE SHEEP. were taken sick. One died the day be- Only a few more of my flock of rrgistered THOKOUGH-BKED. ., fore I received your remedy, but the Shropshire sheep left; Earns, Kam Lnmbs. Ewes others have all fully recovered since and one fine Ewe Lamb. Now is the time to buy at a very low price. Can mate them not Berkshire Boars, I it. truly, began feeding Yours akin. Get my prices, before buying. Chas J. Peterson. Dorset Buck Lambs, H. R. QRAHAH, f hestertown, Hd. Jersey Bull Calves. "I," said the orator, "come of a good " 25 REGISTERED old stock, rooted deep in the soil All Stock In best of condition and "The only stock I ever heard of that HOLSTEIN and GRADE gruaninteed as represented. rooted deep in the soil," interjected a Milk Cows for sale. Most of them to calve P. T. ENGLISH. Centrevllle, Md. farmer in the audience, "was hogs." this fall. H. W. MANSON, Crewe, Va. .

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLAl^TER. 627

ICOTTAQE VALLEY >STOCK FARM. _ THE ANGORA GOAT. Angora Goats should he pure white, PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM and weigh at maturity 50 to 100 Ihs. for females, and 100 to 125 lbs. lor nNTsToCK males. They get their growth in about Shorthorn three years, and live to be 10 to 15 FOR SALE LOW years old. They breed once a year, calves from fine milking stock. and drop a kid in five months from 7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS service. If you have goats drop their kids in January, and lose any, the doe Yorkshire Pigs BULLS AND HEIFERS from will go to the buck again, and drop in 6 months to 2 years old. One June or July. They are not as apt to of prolific breed. have twins as sheep, but occasionally bull calf half Angus and half Hamilton, Va. do. They are not apt to disown their JA/VIES M. HOQE, Short-horn. Fipe Buck Lambs kids, if goats have not too large a out of Shropshire Ewes by Reg. range; but, on the large range, the COOK'SCREEK HERD Dorset Buck. Fine family milk goat knows to be left behind the flock is to be left perhaps forever. "While SCOTCH -TOPPED cows fresh young and gentle. in enclosed pastures the doe realizes One pair splendid 1200 lbs. that the flock can not be far away, and SHORTHORNS . . stays with her kid. They hide their Herd Headed by Governor Bay Mares 6 yrs. old, first class Tyler, Ist prize aged bull at Radford Fair, kids away, same as a cow her calf, and 158548, all round farm teams and very Young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection go to them to let them suck. I have and correspondence invited. good roadsters. Silver Lace shut a doe in the barn at night, when HEATWOUE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul- she had twins laying in a hollow tree in the pasture, and she made no fuss lets at one dollar each. about them. The kids, after they get SH0RTH0RNBULLSfors.le.from3to dry and filled with milk, will stand 20 mos. old; sired by VERBENA'S CHAMP- W.M.WATKINS&SONS,Saxe,Va. lots of cold. ION, No. 129881, and ROYAL CHIEF, No. Goats shear from one-half to nine- 185432. Some good POLAND CHINA spring Aberdeen-Angus T^m teen pounds of mohair, according to pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible QqIq breeding and condition of the goats, to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers. Bull Calves ^^ lOl UdlC and it sells for from 15c. to $3 per WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia, pound, according to length, freeness Born as follows: Dec. 15, 1303; Jan. 30, from kemp, etc. Usual price this year, 1904; May 15, 1904; June 2, 1904; Aug. U, 25c. to 35c. per pound; 50,000 pounds. 1904. Calves will be kept with their dams until 9 mos. old. None sold younger, and Origan hair, said to be as good as any JERSEY BULL NOT SOLD AT ALL AS BULLS, unless they produced in the United States, changed an inbred grandson of EXILE OF ST. LAM- turn out good specimens of the breed. hands at 34c. I received for my clip I shall also be ready to part with my BERT (who has more than 90 tested daugh- herd bull, "ROCKBRIDGE ABDUCTOR," 34c. on board cars here. ters in the list) for sale or exchange. He Is 40364, Nov. 1st. He will be 5 years old Dec. Goats are browsers not grazers. 3 years old, and all right. A. H. HODGSON. 2, 1904. Goats are hustlers to gather a living, The two calves first mentioned are pure Athens, Ga., or P. M. Hodgson, West Falls bred and very promising youngsters, but out but are also lazy animals. If brush Church, Va. of unrecorded dams; the three last are reg- and wedds are plentiful, a goat will istered. I am willing to exchange "ABAC- go out, and in two hours will gather TOR" or any of the above calves for • A FINE suitable herd bull, not less than 18 mos. old. enough to last him 6 or 8 hours, and B. F. DAY, Glasgow, Va. will then lay in the shade and chew his cud. They all first years' MONTEBE.LLO HERD take the growth of bushes, weeds, etc. I see Jersey Bull in my pastures where they have bit- ABERDEEN=ANQUS ten off poke-berry stalk as thick as a for sale. 3 years old and registered; also 1 man's thumb, and left nice blue grass, yearling and 1 this year's bull calf, entitled CATTLE. white clover and orchard grass ankle to registry. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill FOE SALE— Registered Bull calves deep. They will completely kill all Farm, Manassas,* Va.

from 3 month.s ol'' , up. kinds of brush, except persimmons, shell-bark, hickory and black walnut; =The Woodside= L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va hickory and walnut they will eat as last resort, but persimmons, never. In ROSEDALE HERD Jersey Herd. winter, goats will peel almost all kinds of brush and saplings, except hickory. Bull Calves and Yearlings Aberdeen-Angus Cattle. I have saplings 5 inches in diameter Richly Bred. peeled 5 feet high. These are elm, bulls, 4 to 4 yrs. old. Prices Cholne mos. as bass-wood and maple. They dearly love DAVID ROBERTS, = = Moorestown, N. J. low as good breeding will permit. Inspec- sassafras, sumac, spice-wood, elm, bass- tion of herd and correspondence invited. wood, chestnut, dogwood, maple, etc. Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm In Virginia they will live on pine and ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jettersonton, Va. Hai for sale a large num- cedar all winter, if fed a little grain. ber of nice young registered A. J. C. C. 3 REGISTERED Goats should not be fed at the shed where they sleep; make them go out JERSEY BULLS Aberdeen Angus Bulls, into the woods to eat their grain or fodder. Last winter I had three flocks, AND HEIFERS. 6 10 and 16 mos. old, for sale. Sired by the one of 21 bucks apd wethers, in a brush None better bred in the South. Combining celebrated GOLD NUGGET, 29657. These six acres, with closely the most noted and up-to-date bulls are grand individuals. Address BEN- enclosure of about an blood VENUE STOCK FARM, Massaponax, Va. old abandoned coal-bank for shelter; in America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $2S: Heifers, same age, |35. POLAND CHINA they going into the entries, which were PIQS, )6 each. Send check and get what Mention the Southebn Planteb In dry; another of 100 at a place with a you want. writing. good bank barn, and 75 acres of brush, T. P. BRASWELL, Prop.* Battleboro, N. C. 628 THE SOUTHEK^r PLANTEE. [September, about one-eighth mile from barn. An- other bunch of 23 at home, with straw- staclc and barn. The 21 were fed about one-eighth of a mile from coal bank; the 100 were fed at barn, and the 23 could not get out of yard. The 21 peeled brush all winter, the 100 did not peel any until I took to feeding mmm them out in the woods, the 21 would ILiaEfttERS not eat either corn fodder or straw, and lived on bark and ihe little corn I BEASP gave them, and did fine. The 100 just 'NTIFICALIY laid around the barn and ate straw, corn fodder and their grain, and did no PREPARED good until I compelled them to go out for their feed. When once away from the barn they would stay out and brawse all day, but, rather than start FORHONEfACTORYORFARN would almost starve. Goats can be turned with alm'<£t uiij' kind of f3ii:e. An ideal goat fence Is barbwire, with board at bottom, or SLOANS LINIMENT some of the 2-foot woven wire hog fences, v/ith a barbwire on top, makes a good fence; but one board at bottom THIS TEMETESTEPFAMILY REMEDY adds to all fences for goats, as they cannot creep under so easily. Never use a diamond mesh fence Germs^.^^^ has no for goats, as they get their head and Kills horns through and get fast. Never have perpendicular wires less than one EQUAL foot apart. A rail fence of 8 rails high will turn most of goats, but it KItLSPAIN must have no lock at the corner. A rail fence with two stakes at each corner, wired together across the fence with some barb wire, makes a very -:- WE SUPPLY -:- good goat fence; put barb wire to the stake on the side of the fence next to the goats, about six inches above the ALFALFA BACTERIA top rail, and on outside of stakes, so when goat goes to climb upon the fence in the shape of he will run against the barbwire. The flesh of the Angora Goat is superior to mutton; the skins make beautiful rugs, and can be tanned at home INFECTED SOIL and colored any color you wish and retain their lustre. Goats will do well with all kinds of 'from an old two acre Alfalfa plot which has given us 3 or 4 good They will not eat stock but hogs. cuttings yearly for the past five years, and is still doing well. anything that the hogs have touched. cattle No stock objects to goats, and Price, $1.00 per bag (in 4 bag lots) of about 100 lbs. ; more than will feed after them and do well; also f. 4 bags, 75 cents each ; o. b. Midlothian. horses. that Angora Some writers claim 30 J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. Goats will clear as much land in a year as a man with a mattock. No The Most Useful and Profitable Crop you can sprouts on land cleared with Angora Goats. J- H. Hakpster. grow. The best time to sow (in the South) ALFALFA is from August 15th to September I5th. — Prepare your ground carefully, and to insure SHEEP AND SHEEP DIP RECORD. a stand USE ALFALFA BACTERIA INFECTED SOIL as recommended by Messrs. William Cooper & Nephews, the Agricultural Experiments Stations. Sheep Dip, send U9 makers of Cooper You can secure enougli of this infected soil to inoculate ONE ACRE OF word that they came out victorious at GliOUND for §1.00 per bag (about 2 busliels) F. 0. B. EWELL FARM. the Royal Show of England, which in your orders now and sliipraeut will be made when you are ready. was held last month. They won the Send raising Alfalfa sent with each order. first prize for a Shearling Shropshire A booklet, giving practical directions for ram and first prize for a pen of three Address GEO. CAMPBELL BROWN, Eweil Farm, Spring Hill, Maury Co., Tenn. Shearling Shropshire ewes. They also won a good number of seconds and >3 "Union" Feed and En«ilage Cutter* thirds. A census taken on the show UEEBNER BBI cut,..u.,v,u3u.crush and shr^...ed, malting all the corn Stalk palatable. Stock relishit— ground showed that of the 1,075 sheep nonewasted. Fodder equals hay In feeding value and tliesame ground grows two real value com 998 had been dipped in tons to one of hay. The ears are clear gain. Get the from your by exhibited using the only up-to-date fodder machinery. With shredder attachment («5 extra' exhibitors, 115 " Cooper Dip; of the 125 '" HEEBHEB S0H5. 25 Broad St.. Lanwlile. one.'' w' i\Vfor'."onki"t':' & were users of Cooper Dip. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 629 ST^CK CATTLE and STOCK SHEEP

The season is coining foi you to begin buying stock cattle or feeding cattle. If you are in doubt when and where to get them, write me. I can fill your order for any kind of stock, steers or heifers, you want, any kind of feeders you may want, and I will fill it correctly. Can furnish high grade and pure bred stock bulls (not registered) of any breed you may desire, at reasonable prices. If you want stock or feeding sheep, I can sell you ewes from $2.50 to $4.50 each, according to age, breeding and quality. SOME FANCY BLACK FACES at $5 each. Good stock rams from $7 to $20 each. I will please you in any kind of stock I may sell you. If you have any kind of stock to sell, ship it ti me. I GUARANTEE HIGHEST MARKET VALUE. I can place it because I have orders for all kinds. SPECIAL attention GIVEN VEAL CALVES BY LOCAL TRAINS. NO CONSIGNMENT TOO SMALL—NONE TOO LARGE. I GIVE ALL MY PERSONAL ATTENTION. ACCURATE WEEKLY QUO- TATION.

Long Distance i lioue Xo. 2126. Successor to Address ; F. U. Box 204. Pens: Union Stock Yards, Richmond, Va. ROBERT C. BRAUER, Brauer Cattle Co Richmond, Va.

CEMENT RESOURCES OF THE I OF VIRGINIA. SUNNY HOME HERD OF VALLEY 1 Mr. Charles Catlett's paper on the "Cement Resources of the Valley of Aberdeen Angus Cattle Virginia," recently published by the has been reinforced for sale by the WILLOW OAKS HERD (property of United States Geological Survey, in Mr. T B. Fitzgerald, former President of Riverside Cotton Milis, Danville, Va). its bulletin (No. 225) entitled "Con- This herd was founded in 1902 by the purchase of a car load of the best females tributions to Economic Geology, 1903," money would buy in Ceatral Illinois. One of our customers writes as follows : it is especially significant, as is the Union, S. C, June 4, 1904. first publication concerning the possi- Deae French,—I have been at my farm and have taken several good looks at the tvro heifera. They are beauties, especially Miss dtubbs 2nd, and I am proud of them. Enclosed is my check for bilities of cement manufacture in this 8 00 In payment for them. The bull, Carolina's Gay Lad, that you sent me last fall is one of the particular field. finest looking fellows I ever saw—is a daisy. Very truly, W. K. WALKER. That section of Virginia which lies Mr. Walker owns the largest herd of Angus in South Carolina. We make it a west of the Blue Ridge is bountifully point to furnish the above-described sort of cattle. Write for circular and prices to supplied with materials suitable for use in the manufacture of Portland A. L. FRENCH, Byrdville, Va. station, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. & W. Railway, 24 miles from Danville. cement. All the conditions of the Le- high district of Pennsylvania are du- The Delaware Herd of plicated in this region, with the addi- tional advantage that the coal supply is much nearer at hand. At present ROYAL ANGUS GAHLE only one Portland cement plant is in is not surpassed either in breeding operation in Virginia, but, in view of or Individual animals, by any herd In the East. At the head of our the natural advantages offered by the herd is western part of the State, it seems PRINCE BARBARA, 68604, the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Females probable that a great the of extension of equally choice breeding. Write your wants. Remem- industry will soon take place. ber, we take personal care of our cattle; keep no high The argillaceous limestones of the priced help; incur no expense of exhibiting; all of which enables us to offer stock at equitable prices. Send for Trenton formation, which furnish the pamphlet. well-known "cement rock" of the Le- MYER & SON, Prop., - Bridgeville, Del. high district of Pennsylvania and New .Jersey, are well developed throughout the Valley of Virginia. These lime- Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN stones, with the overlying Hudson slates and shales, in belt occur a CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje closely paralleling and in places touching the Valley Branch of the Bal- and Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter timore and Ohio Railroad from the fat. Stock of all ages for sale. State line to Strasburg. From that poitft lie they close to the Southern Keg."D^n, RtJ'DTr^'HT'PTH^13C.Kl^:>nilXn:> From noted strains ; Imported Headlight, Lord Railway as far as Harisonburg, and Highclere and Sunrise again from Harrisonburg to a point some miles south of Staunton, Va., DORSET SHEBP^ they are near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The points that naturally B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, seem most desirable as sites for ce- N. & W. and Southern R. R. T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va. ment plants are those which give ready access to the coal fields, with URY STOCK FARM HERD OF favorable opportunities for the ship- - ment of the finished product. It is HOLSTEIN FRIESIANS thought, therefore, that the line of DE KOL 2D BUTTER BOY 3D No. 2 heads our herd; his breeding and Individual the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad be- excellence are second to none. A few COWS, YOUNG BULLS and HEIFERS from our tween Harper's Ferry and Winchester, beat cows, for sale. All the leading famUles represented. and Strasburg Junction, Riverton, ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs by such Boars as MANOR FAITHFUL, Imp.; wt. UOO Harrisonburg, and Staunton are the lbs.; FANCY DUKE, a double grandson of LOYAL BERKS; ESAU PRINCESS OF FIL- point? in this State which would be STON, by ESAU, Imp. TH03. FASSITT & SONS, Sylmar, Md. 630 THE SOUTHEEIsT PLAIsTTEE. [September,

most attractive for cement factories. Mr. Catlett discusses in detail the advantages and disadvantages of the various feasible sites for cement plants. YOU MAKE NO MISTAKE He gives analyses of the limestones found at each point. WHEN YOU DEPEND ON DR. HAAS' HOG REMEDY The only Portland cement plant in to prevent and arrest disease in your herd. the State is the plant of the Virginia Twenty-eight years success, and to-day used Portland Cement Company, which is by thousands of our leading breeders. El located at Craigsville. The conditions I INSURE HOGS, AND PAY CASH found there are typical of those exist- FOR ALL THAT DIE ing at a number of places either on or when it is fed as a preventive. Full par- ^: OR MERCANTILE AGENCY. ' near the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail- ticulars in "Hogology." Prices, 25-lb. can, way, both in Virginia and West Vir- fl2.o0; 121/4-lb. can, $6.50, prepaid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25 and cents. 50 None genuine with- TRADED MARK. ginia. Wherever these same beds of out my signature on package or can label. limestone are found in a good state LATEST REVISED of developement, an opportunity, more ^MHOGOLOQY" or less valuable (the value depending FREE. EDITION. upon the local conditions), is present- I have just rewritten and revised "Hogology," my hook about hogs, adding much matter on new and :, ed for the manufacture of cement. Important subjects, and making it indispensible to those desiring information on this great subject. Sent FREE if you mention Southern Planter when asking for it. The only scientific book of the kind published. HEREFORDS. ever THE ROSEMONT [, The Rosemont Herefords occupy an original and unique position in the JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind. breeding world. The business is con-, U •-—*- ^ ducted on advanced lines, keeping pace ^ i» rti • a ft if> ifc < with modern methods and requirements. Mr. Lee Roy Stacy, of Mis- souri, has charge of the business management, and is an expert in feeding, Large English fitting, breeding, pedigrees, publicity, etc. This herd numbers seventy head, BOARS ready for service. and has been gathered without regard to cost. The cows are a grand lot, by such noted sires as Dale, Earl of Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts. Shadeland II., Perfection, March On, Acrobat, Corrector, Beau Donald, Cru- sader, Lamplighter, Salisbury, Con- Forest Home Farni, quero, and others. The great show cows, Bennison and Georgina, are also in the herd. The herd is headed by Purcellville, Va, the great Acrobat, 68460, the greatest living Hereford sire. BERKSHIRES! ^ ^ BERKSHIRES! Mr. Stacy is anxious for interested parties to visit Rosemont and see the The following up-to-date stockmen think my ROYAL BERKSHIRES the finest the world can show. I could print opinion, but I take only one from stock for themselves. trip to the thousands of the same A each State:

beautiful Shenandoah Valley, in which P. H. Rudd Mariners Harbor, N. Y. ; Col. Ven- Berryville is situated, is of itself P. C. Goldborough, Easton, Md.; J. M. able, Farmville, Va.; Edgar Long, Graham, worth any one's time. If you cannot N. C; John C. McAfee, Chester, S. C; go to the farm, write for what you Dr. S. W. Fain, Dandrldge, Tenn.; President want, and also ask for "A Brief His- Bowdrie Phinizy, Augusta, Ga. ; R. C. Mc- Klnney, Basslnger, Fla. ; General Thos. T. tory of Hereford Cattle," which also Munford, Uniontown, Ala.; W. W. Cornelius. contains an article on the "Future of Blue Springs, Miss.; J. M. Gann, Varnada, Texas; D. C. Herefords in America." It will be La.; B. P. Van Horn, Toyah, Lester. Hatfield, Ark. mailed free. Parties who cannot pay Take no risk; confer with these people, cash for stock will be accommodated and order direct from the veteran breeder. instalment plan. Look up the by the THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Virginia. half-page ad, of this farm in this issue. I^i"ve car loads brigl-it TimotHy Hay for sale, cHeap. WHAT HAPPENED. We positively guarantee to^o breed Mary had a little lamb and ship the VKKY BEST .strainH of With fleece as white as snow; thorouf^hhred registered LARGE The rest of all the tragedy ENGLISH BERKSHIRE Perhaps you may not know. Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other firm in the U. S., the superiority of our It followed her to school one day, stock considered. Send us your order According to the book; and we will satisfy you both in price Alas, the school where Mary went and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, They taught her how to cook! Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreaton, N. C. —September Lippincott's. If SO, list it with us. No sale, no charge. A neat Binder for your back num- IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE? Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia, bers can be had for 25 cents. Address Write for Free Catalogue. our Business Office. R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., (INC.) Richmond, Virginia. 1904.] THE SOUTHEKN^ PLANTER 631

REPORTS. United States Department of Agricul- Best MaGhiire oo Itie Fai»m ture, Washington, D. C. Bureau of Animal Industry. Circular 48. Scales of Points for Judging Cat- Low Down Grain & Fertilizer Drill tle of Dairy Breeds. ^"i (.DISC OR hoe; The Original and Only Perleet Low l>o^vn DrUl

Bureau of Chemistry. Circular 17. Large hoppers ; standard four foot wlieel8,with very low frame and hopper. Frame is hung heloir the axle. The Useful Properties of Clays. That's the secret. No cog gears to bother with. All Bureau of Entomology. Bulletin 49. chain drive rtirert from axle. Quantity of grain to he sown, and fertilizer, instantly regulated while drUl Report on the I^abits of the Kelep is in motion. Positively the simplest, most accurate and lightest running drill on tlie market. Guaranteed or Guatemalan Cotton Boll Wee- to do satisfactory work. Write for FREE booklet. vil Ant. A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., York, Pa. Bureau of Forestry. Circular 49. The Timber of the Edwards Plateau of Texas. Bureau of Forestry. Circular 30. BLue-Blooded Berkshiras Exhibit of Forest Planting in Wood Lots at the Louisiana Pur- Two of my splendid brood sows, GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERB, 66136, and CARAMEL, chase Exposition. 64085, are just about to farrow, being In pig to my great Boar COLUMBIA, 60527. If you want something really choice and royally bred, you had better communicate Circular 31. Exhibit of a Forest with me at once. I am expecting large litters, as usual, but I will not have enough Nursery at the Louisiana Purchase pigs to go around. Exposition. COLUMBIA, sired by FIRST CATCH F, is an imported Boar, and one of the best in the U. S. both in breeding and individuality. GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERE is of Bureau of Statistics. Bulletin 28. the best Highclere breeding, and would be very hard to beat in the show ring. The Commercial Cotton Crops of CARAMEL is an imported granddaughter of the celebrated Loyal Berks, and is, there- 1900, 1901, 1902 and 1902-1903. fore, most fashionably bred. F. M. HODGSON, West End, Va. Farmers' Bulletin 202. Experiment Station Work. Alabama Experiment Station, Auburn, Ala. Bulletin 128. Feeding and Tr " BERKSHIRES Grazing Experiments with Beef Cattle. This herd Is composed of (our royally bred, imported sows, and an imported boar from Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. the celebrated herds of Mr. Frlcker and Mr. Y. Bulletin 219. Diseases of Gin- Hudson, England, and selected American seng. bred animals from Biltmore and other noted herds. Dr. J. D. KIRK, Importer and Bulletin 221. Alfalfa in New York. Breeder, Roanoke, Va. Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow, Idaho. Bulletin 4. Carbon Bi- THE - OAKS - STOCH - FARM. sulphide as a Squirrel Extermina- A. W. HARMAN, Jr., Treasurer State of tor. Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va. STRAINS of Maryland Agricultural College, College We breed and ship the FINEST Park, Md. College Quarterly, Au- Large gust, 1904. Fertilizer Analyses. ENGLISH BERKSHIRES Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul- for less money than any firm In the South, qnal- itv considered. Every pig shipped possesses .1 tural College, Mich. Bulletin 21.5. individual merit. Pedigree furnished with all Experiment with Sugar Beets, stock. Kill or sell your pcrubs and buy hogs 1903. that will pay. For prices and description, address ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr.,Lexlngton, Va. Bulletin 216. Review of Special Bulletins 24, Insect Enemies of Fruits in Michigan; 2.5, Fungous Diseases of Fruits in Michigan; TAMWORTH and POLAND CHINA 26, Spraying Calendar. Special Bulletin 29. Action of Bac- Pigs from registered stock, 8 weeks old, $5.00. A few nice teria in the Souring of Milk. Mississippi Experiment Station. Agri- POLAND CHINA Boars ready for service, for $10 to $15. cultural College, Miss. Bulletin 17. Insects Injurious to Stored J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

. Grain. Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, 0. Press Bulletin. Wheat. Report POLAN D CHINAS of Twelve Years' Experiments. I have now for sale a fine lot of pigs, Press Bulletin. Lime as a Ferti- also boars ready for service, gilts and bred sows. I have In lizer. my herd hogs closely related to such hogs or Ideal Pennsylvania Experiment Station, Sunshine, Great Chief Tecumseb, Royal Racket and Anderson's Model. Also Shropshire sheep College, Penn. Bulletin 67. State and Short Horn cattle. All stock guaranteed as Variety Tests of Wheat. represented or may be returned at my extjense. Bulletin 68. Methods of Steer Feed- Farmers prices. BIrdwood, ing. J. F DtlRRETTE, Albemarle Co. 'a. Rhode Island Experiment Station, Kingston, R. I. Bulletin 101. Registered Analysis of Commercial Fertil- izers. Bulletin 100. When to Spray. Poland Chinas. Department of Agriculture, Virginia Some choice pigs, beauties of the best blood Richmond, Va. Quarterly Bulle- this country affords. Also some fine boars 1904. Analyses of tin, August, ready for service. Stock guaranteed as rep- Fertilizers. resented. Prices low for such quality ef and Service, Virginia Climate Crop stock. W. M. JONES, Crofton, Va. 632 THE SOUTHERlsr PLANTER. [September,

Richmond, Va. Report for July, 1904. South Dakota Experiment Station, IF YOU HAVE AHYTHSNG TO BALE Brookings, So. Dak. Bulletin 84. There's a Dederick Press Made to Bale It Dedericb Press made for every buHn? jiuriiosc— for hay, straw, moss, Report of Investigations at the ttou or w.joI— aud iu every style'aiid size, ia wood or steel, and from the Station for 1903. sn'iallest hand press to the largest and most Highmore l>owerful horse power or steam press. A press Bulletin 85. Early Garden Peas. of moderate cost and maximum utility ia Bulletin 87. The Western Sand ^^ DEDERICK'S Cherry. Hardy ''Always Ready" Bulletin 88. Breeding always ready to operate — always ready to move. Simply unhitcli from the truck pole Fruits. and hitch to the sweep audit's ready for work. West Virginia Experiment Station, Reverse theoperatioQ and it's ready to move. Our illustrated catalogue describes all these Morgantown, W. Va. Bulletin 92. different presses. It will pay you to send Fertilizers. Report for a copy. It's free. Commercial Dedcrlct's Sods, SJTiToliSt., Albany, N.T. for 1903. Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madi- son, Wis. Twentieth Annual Re- port. Wyoming Experiment Station, Lara- SPRING LITTERS. mie, Wyo. Bulletin 12. Ground We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of Squirrels. Government of the Philippines Islands. Department of Interior, Manila. LARG£ YORKSHIRE PIGS Bureau of Agriculture Maguey All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best Mexico. Cultivation in and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies, Barbadoes. pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given Plant- W. I. A, B, C of Cotton time than any other breed. ing. Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER. great JERSEY COWS. Farmers are beginning to think of corn harvest during this month. Un- BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Va. less all signs fail, the harvest will be We Are Still in the Business about the largest that this section of — the country has ever seen. It therefore behooves every one to take extra ''HILL TOP" stock at Shadwell, Va. precautionary measures for the proper handling of the crop so as to save Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for every particle of it. If this be done, sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock. there will not be such a shortage of long feed during next winter as was SovitKdo-wn. and SHropsKire SHeep, DerKsKire Hogs experienced by a large number of and B. B. R. Game CKicKens. stockmen during the past winter. The fine first thing to do with the corn crop Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we have a few left ; will have a friends and at cutting is to see that it is shocked lot ready to ship by September 1st. We will be glad to serve our old properly. One of the best things to are always glad to make new ones. have more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County ^airs help shock corn is the Fontaine Shock We won than all other breeders in Virginia combined. Binder. One man can operate the little device, and we undertake to say H. AS. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va. that if a shock is tied at the proper height with this binder no wind short of a tornado will upset the shock, nor 10 Reg. Jersey Heifers and will any ordinary rainfall reach its interior. Look up the ad. and get two 10 Reg. Guernsey Heifers. or three of these binders and try them. For Sale

ROCKBRIDGE BATHS. All due to calve this fall and wintei*. We are in receipt of a neat pamphlet setting forth the merits of this Also several first-class GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, BERK- famous summer and winter resort, SHIRE BOARS, SOWS and PIGS. Can furnish them not akin. which is owned by our friend and subscriber, E. C. Carter, Esq., of New Several first-class watch dogs, and also Fox Terrier Puppies. York city. The wealth and refinement be inspected if days' notice is given. of the continent have visited this fa- Can mous hostelry and springs for genera- M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va. tions. It is better equipped and more convenient of access, and consequently better patronized, han ever. CHESTER WHITES Registered Herd—First Premium stock; largest and most prolific hog on rtcord: 8 Sows 41 Pigs; breeding "Yes," said Henpeck, "the thing that Stock 400 to 700 pounds; easy feeders and quickly impressed me most In Egypt was the developed. Sows, Boare and Pigs for sale. My time to this breed exclusively. Only strictly first class of one of the ancient queens." mummy stock shipped. was remarkable about It?" "What P. n. FUNKHOUSER, Winchester, Va. "The fact that they could make her Reference: Farmers and Merchants National Bank, dry up and stay that way." Winchester, Va. 1904.] THE SOUTHER!^ PLANTER. 683 THE EVERLASTING TUBULAR ^TEEL PLOW DOUBLETREES

Also manufacturer of Send for o-ur No- S Farm "Wagon Catalogue for 1904- Doubletrees, Contains teverything of NecK YoKes Interest to Dealer or User and Singletrees of Wliiffletrees.

PATTERN No. 103 EQUIPPED WITH rORGE,D TRIMMINGS. Guaranteed not to break or bend. Furnisbed with rings or hoolis for trace attachment. Sample orders sent to responsible parties on trial. Pittsburg Tubular Steel WHifQetree Company, manufacturers Pi^^s^^rg, Pa, MAGAZINES. The September St. Nicholas brings FARMERS, READ THIS! great Hereford offering interesting chapters in the two serials, present Gensai Mural's "Kibun Daizin, or Fj um My offering of pure bred. Registered Herefords, consisting Shark-Boy to Merchant Prince," the of BULLS, BULL CALVES, COWS and HEIF- story of a Japanese boy for American ERS, is the best I ever had. If you want some really good cattle lads, and Mary Constance Du Bcis's and cannot afford the outlay for the establishment of a herd pure breds, charming tale for girls, "Elinor Ar- of do the next best thing and get aen. Royalist." The illustrations for a pure bred HEREFORD BULL to cross on your native cows. these stories, by George Varian and MARQUIS OF SALISBURY 25TH, by Imp. SALIS- W. Benda, are exceptionally good, even BURY, and out of QUEEN LIL, is especially recommended for this will this for St. Nicholas. very purpose. $75 get him. Calves by Bull should fetch twice as at 6 weeks old as a scrub Hugh M. Smith tells interestingly of much calf; if for beef, they will be ready in one-third to "Brittany, the Land of the Sardine." kept one-half less time; will weigh from 300 to 500 pounds on the same feed; Lida Rose McCabe describes the ad- more will bring a cent or two more per pound on the market. Two or three calves ventures of "A Citizen of the Deep." will pay for your bull. There is no exaggeration in this statement. 'The Country Fair" is the account of It is difficult and expensive to fully describe and price stock in an adver- how some girls and boys succeeded tisement, so I suggest that you come to Castalia (will meet you at Keswick on in carrying out a novel scheme. Jul- notice), and personally examine my stock. You will be more than pleased. ian King Colford's "American Memo- I have spent money unstintedly to get the best of the breed. This does not rials in London" tells and pictures facts mean that I charge long prices. I positively do not. Write me what you want every one should know. "A Goose if you cannot come. Satisfaction guaranteed. Hunt by Steamer" is a jolly account of a jolly expedition, and Maria Brace Alb. Kimball describes entertainingly "The MURRAY BOOCOCK, Keswi k, Co., Va. Children of Zuni." There are short stories by Caroline M. Fuller, "The I I t '>mi n tM ft ,^ ^<.^..^wv«^^ 1 I I I J I I I , ^ i-w^ i , , von Pursuit of the Calico Cat;" S. W. Hovey, "Nothing but a Girl;" Mabel Clare Craft, "The Killing of Storm." Bacon Hall Farm. The frontispiece of the September St. Nicholas is a full-page reproduc- tion of the painting of Lady Betty Delme and her children, and the num- Hereford Cattle -;- Berkshire ber is pretty Ms crammed with gay and verse: "Peter Puff-and-Blow," "The REGISTERED-ALL AGES. Difference," "Thirteen," " 'Yours Se- verely,' " "The Holly-Tree Wight," "What's in a " "A Moonlight Toulouse Geese, fluscovy Ducks. Name | Effect," "The Gay Grecian Girl," MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale. "Which?" "Folliloo," "Tom's Return" and "The Enterprising Tapir." The E. M. QILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland. departments. Nature and Science, the St. Nicholas League, Books and Read- ing, the Letter-Box and the Riddle- Box, are full of interest and profit, as always. Francis Willing Wharton has a new Registered <^ Herefords, novelette in the September number of Lippincott's Magazine, entitled "The the Champion Deep Waters of the Proud." This title Herd headed by Grand is, we believe, taken from one of the Psalms of David, and the tale through- PRINCE RUPERT, 79539. out excels in power and interest. Young stock for sale. Inquiries The half-dozen short stories of the cbeerfully answered. monfh begin with an especially human one by Alden March, entitled EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, "Help Wanted, Females." In it there Berryville, Virginia. i» confusion of typewriters (of the fem- I'KINi'K RDI'ERT, 7'.).-^39. 634 THE SOUTHEE^T PLANTER [September,

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE THE MASTER WORKMAK," a two-cylinder gasoline engine superior to all one cylinder en^'nes; revolutiTOlutionizin^tras power. Costs Less to Bay and Leas to Enn. Quickly, easilystarted. Novibration. Canbemounted on any wagon at small cost—portable, sta- tionary ortraction. Mention this paper. Send FOR Catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO-, MfVs., Mencher&lSth Sts., Chicago, THIS IS OUR FIFTY-FIRST YEAR, inine gender) and a happy conclusion. «3Kr3e9r*3t3r»3r*3r^{3t«3t3r3(3t3t3e3«9t3«3t3t3t3e9^^ Ina Breevoort Roberts, the popular author of "The Lifting of a Finger," con- ^ HIGHLAND STOCK FARM^ tributes one of her fetching love- stories called "The Release." "Grad- I PURE-BRED '^TOCK A SPECIALTY. uates of the School" is by Cyrus Town- SPECIAL PRICES for this month on send Brady and is an extraordinarily good tale of yellow journalism. Caro- line Lockhart writes "Sharper Than a 3rth©rn Cattle, Serpent's Tooth," which is a story of Labrador and a thankless child. "At POLAN D CHINA PIGS, the Sign of the Waxen Woman," by SCOTCH COLLIE ^ ^ Clinton Dangerfield, is a lively story PUPS. of the pursuit of a bride and the out- Ail Stock Recorded. - _ _ Write for Prices. witting of an unwelcome bridegroom. "The Regeneration of Isaiah" closes a HENRY S. BOWEN. series of amusing darky sketches by Ella Middleton Tybout, which have Witten's Mills, Tazewell Co., Va. been running through the magazine for some months. These have attracted attention sufBcient to demand their publication in more permanent form. X. Following its "Western," "Fiction" and "Midsummer Holiday" numbers, the September number of The Century will likewise have a special charac- CiSMONT DORSETS ter. It is called a "Round-the-World" S number, and the name is justified by the geographical distribution of the X text and pictures. Appropriate to this CISMONT STOCKS FARM ofiers well developed young X idea are two drawings by Castaigne, Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. "The Flying Dutchman" and "The X X Wandering Jew," which are printed as X Prices Reasonable. G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. X frontispieces.

The opening article is the first illustrated account in English of the canonization of Saint Seraphim, the Russian popular saint, at Sarov last August, in which the Czar and Czarina EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM SorIKI! took part. It is entitled "The Russian You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No Lourdes." lamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb Other articles, which can only be in December. enumerated, are ".Japan's Highest Vol- One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall cano," an account of an ascent of it, lambs are beautieh. Write us or come to see them. by Herbert G. Pouting; "The Nelicatar J. 0. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va of Arctic Alaska," by Edward A. Mc- Ilhenny; "Hidden Egypt," recording the first visit by women to the Coptic monasteries of Egypt and Nitria, by Save Half in Fruit Trees Agnes Smith Lewis; "The Nail ot tne By Buying Direct from Nursery Universe," an account of the Emperor Without Profit to Agents. of Java and his court, by Ernst von Choicest stock of Fruit Trees in the country. Hesse-Wartegg; "Antarctic Experi- All the large, Improved Peaches affording luscious fruit from May to November. All the ences." by the explorer, C. E. Borch- superb apples and pears covering the whole grevink; "Round-the-World at the year. Mammoth delicious plums, cherries, World's Fair," by Walter Williams, grapes, figs, strawberries, dewberries, black- raspberries, gooseberries, currants, with pictures of a curious sort of ex- berries, asparagus, rhubarb, etc., etc. Largest ship- hibits or natives from Siam, the East pers of strawberry plants In the World. Indies, Africa, Patagonia, China, Mex- All trees, etc., delivered FREE. 130 page manual telling how to grow all kinds of ico, Japan. Spain, Greenland, and the fruit. Free to buyers. Philippines. South Africa is repre- Write now for catalogue for fall planting. sented by a sketch, "The Locusts of Mention this paper. CONTINENTAL PLANT CO., Kittrell, N. C. Natal," by Mark F. Wilcox; Spain by Cole's beautiful engraving of a painting by Velasquez, and France by De- gas's "Portrait of a Lady," recently bought by Mrs. Gardner for her Boston . . . StraAvberry Plants... collection. The fiction has also a wide distribu- All the standard sorts, from earliest to latest, after Sept. 1st, at 50cts. tion of scene. "Corporal Sweeney, De- per ICO, or $3 per 1,000. Catalogue on application. serter," by Ralph D. Paine, is a story of China; "The Alchemy of Illusion," J. B. WATniNS &i BRO.. - Hallsboro. Virginia. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLAl^TER. 635

by Alice Brown Morrison, is a story of travel in Italy; the scene of this part of "The Sea-Wolf" is the Russian Situated on a Pacific, while America is represented Sunny Headland by Dr. Weir Mitchell's "Youth of Wash- St Hlbans ing, Told in the Form of an Auto- above the biography;" "The Great American Pie Banks of New River, Co.," by Ellis Parke/ Butler, and an- Scbool other of Miriam Michelson's stories of IN THE the Nevada Madigans, entitled "A Mer- Blue Grass Region ry, Merry Zingara." There is also an article on "Ballooning as a Sport," by OF Virginia George De Geofroy, illustrated by An- dre Castaigne, the prospect being that before long there may be a club for ballooning in America as there now are similar clubs in Paris and Rome. Prepares Bo>"s The poems are for the most part in rOR UNIVERSITY OR keeping with the spirit of the number. FOR BUSINESS-S'uS^^-e^ We have reserved to the last what is probably the most important article SEND FOB ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS in the number. Professor Henry Fair- field Osborn's first paper in his group PUBLISHED "plan OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL." on "Fossil Wonders of the West." This paper is devoted to the dinosaurs of Address, W. H RANDOLPH, the Bone-Cabin Quarry in Wyoming, being a description of the greatest sin- Head Master, gle find of fossils in the world, and Radfoed, - - - Virginia. of the scientific work which has been done there during the past few years. It will be in the nature of a revela- tion to the scientl?'^ world, and. likt most of the other articles in the num- Medical College of Virgfinia. ber, is fully illustrated. The Review of Reviews, in the Presi- ESTABLISHED 1838. .dential campaign, fills a place in magazine literature that no other publica- Departments of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy. tion attempts to fill. It is a complete and accurate record of all the strate- The Sixty-seventh Session will commence September 27,1904. gic moves in the game of national and State politics. The July and August Well-equipped Laboratories, splendid Hospital facilities, numbers dealt with the careers and personalities of the candidates; the and abundant Clinical material afford excellent oppor- September number treats of the plans tunities for practical work. and methods of the managers, the personnel of the national committees, and Tuition fees and living expenses are moderate. the actual work of the canvass. The CHRISTOPHER TOMPKINS, M. D., Dean, Richmond, Va. complex situations in Missouri and Colo- rado, as well as the problems of national party organization in the oppos- ing camps, are discussed editorially, while an illuminating article on Chair- man Taggart and the Democratic com- mittee organization is contributed by Broad & 9tl5 Sts., RICHMOND. VA. James P. Hornaday, with a similar Commercial. Stenographic, Telegraphic aod Eng. Depts. Ladles & gentleroeo- No vacations. study of Chairman Cortelyou and the "It Is the leading Business College south of the Potomac River." --Phil/i. Stenobrapher. "When I reached Rlchrrjopd, I Inquired of several business rrjen for the best Business College Republican campaign plans by Albert In the city, ood. Without exceptioo. they all recommended Smithdcal's as the best "--w. Halstead. A unique addition to the liter- E. Ross, Law STENoeRAPHER, RIchmood. BooKKeepiOg. Shorthand, Writing, taugot by moll. ature of the campaign is the interesting summary of European press co&- CHARTERED 1870. ment on President Roosevelt by Louis E. Van Norman, with reproductions of foreign cartoons. Elsewhere in the MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK magazine appear many American cartoons depicting various pha.ses of our OF RICHMOND. VIRGINIA. great rjuadrennial battle for votes. But a good deal more than half of the Sep- CAPITAL. - - - $200,000.00. tember number is devoted to non-po- SURPLUS, - _ - $300,000.00. litical topics. Herbert Croly writes UNDIVIDED PROFITS, - $361,000.00. about the effect on metropolitan interests of the opening of the New York Depository of the United States, State of Virginia, City of Richmond. rapid-transit subway next month; Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, we President Butler, of Columbia, sets afler superior facilities for direct and quick collections; accounts solicited. forth the educational worth of the St. Louis world's fair, with especial refer- JNO. P. BRANCH, Pres. JNO. K. BRANCH, Vlce-Pres. JOHN F. GLENN, Ca»h. ence to the great September congresses ABslstant Cashiers; J. R. PERUUE, TH03. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEESEE. — — ;

636 THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. [September, of science and art; M. C. Sullivan describes the remarkable achievements of the Japanese in battlefield communi- KINDS. cation, especially in the use of the OF ALL field telephone and telegraph; a Japa- ROOFING nese writer sketches General Kurokl; Chang Yow Tong gives a Chinaman's V. Crimp Views on the "Yellow Peril"; Alvan P. Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted Sanborn contributes an appreciation of Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred "Two French Apostles of Courage in America,"—Charles Wagner, author of Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V "The Simple Life," and Paul Adam, both of whom are about to visit the United States; and there are interesting illustrated papers on land recla- mation in California and Holland by A. J. Wells and Consul-General Frank D. Hill, respectively. The methods pursued by the General Education Board in obtaining information about Southern school conditions are sum- marized by W. H. Heck. IN FLY TIME. A wealthy Jew had decided to take a long-contemplated vacation. With an eye to business, he called his son to him ere his departure and instruct- ed him carefully and in detail how Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating he wished his affairs conducted du- sufficient ring his absence. KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote yoii on "Now, Isaac," said he, "I vont you quantity to cover it. to be very particular mit the suits. I have regulated the price this way: Every dot on the price-mark means a can YEARS to the life of your roof by painting dollar. Von dot means von dollar; You ADD two dots, two dollars; three dots, it with our. three dollars. Now, my boy, save the price-marks and take good care of the store, so your old father will be proud Magnet Red Roofing: Paint. of you!" And so the old Jew went away and 1 gallon will cover 2i squares. Can furnish in any size package, weeks. Upon his return stayed two material enters he sought his son eagerly. 1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE "Veil, Isaac, and how has business into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices. been?" "Very good, father. I've sold twenty- seven suits." Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and The aged Jew held up his hands in We also carry a complete stock of

" . =^==^=^ amazement. Twenty-seven suits ! Black Slieet Iron, etc. Oh, Isaac, and how much money did you get?" Southern Railway Supply Company, Isaac showed a 'prodigious sum. Again the old man lifted his arms. 1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA "Vat! all this money, and nobody come back!" "No, father, nobody came back." The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway "Isaac, you have saved the tags? give them to me." Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and Slowly and critically he examined the bits of pasteboard. Then a great ITS CONNECTIONS.... light illuminated his face. THROUGH cried, "thank God "Oh, Isaac!" he THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, for dose little flies!"—September Lip- Sandusky and Cleveland pincott's. THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; RECENT SALES AT BACON HALL. THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima Messrs. E. M. Gillet & Son, proprie- and Dayton tors of Bacon Hall farm, report the following recent sales: Hereford bull FORMS THEJMOST DIRECT ^"'nlZ7 r^r

Bill MORE FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. ^ ^ ^

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and nersistent milking qualities with an individuality that wins in the show rinfr.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever oflered, both for breeding and individuaUty. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many of these calves are fit to show and win in any company. ^ ^ BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. ^ ^

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs f/om our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select S from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last tvro seasons. If you want winners von J must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. I APPLY TO FARMS, biltmore, n. c I BJLTMORB E qqs for hatchin g

The Imperial Fmit aud PoHltry Farm

^ ^ Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^ ^ *^ '-^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. ^^ "^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS, SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE, MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .' .• .• Staunton, Va. 638 THE SOUTHEKIs^ PLAITTEE. [September,

A REMARKABLE NEW BOOK. Alfalfa. Lucerne, Spanish Trefoil. Chilian Clover, French Clover, Medic, I'urple Medic (Medicago sativa.) Practical information on its production, qualities, worth and uses, especially in the United States and Can- Howare Your Eyes? ada. By F. D. Coburn. Secretary Kan- sas State Board of Agriculture. Illus- trated. 12mo, 160 pp., cloth. Orange Judd Co., New York. Price, postpaid, We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment 50 cents. of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the Secretary F. D. Coburn, of the Kan- premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses. sas Board of Agriculture, who has been Glasses by mail our specialty. very actively and helpfully identified as an official with the development of is also complete with CAMERAS, KO- this and several of the more recent DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel- valuable agricultural plants, has in oping and printing finely executed. this practical treatise presented all the best that is known up to the present ^ Our line of OPERA QALSSES, FIELD GLASSES, Incubator and Dairy time on the growth, uses and feeding »* TH ERMOMETERS, etc. , etc , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases. value of alfalfa, thoroughly discussing the subjects in all their bearings, in language so plain as to be clearly un- derstood even by those m I um opiifiii CO.. i qui iin sis. who were before entirely unfamiliar with this re- '4 sc«je«:ic«,ic>;«^ic5c«je$e$if*^«c>cjtjc«rac»:i^^ >*»:«:jit3€jeicjcjc«:jeje«> markable plant. Although in the main treating the matter in a general way, it is dealt with as well from the standpoint of each State where it has been ..ELMWOOD NURSERIES. experimented with, and gives the ob- servations of both farmers and scien- WE ABE GEOWEES AND OFFEK A FINE ASSORTMENT OF tists there who have paid it closest attention. No such fund of fact and ex- APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA- perience has before been made avail- RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS, able to the public upon this subject, STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and which is sure to be of interest to every an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and farmer in the country. Mr. Cobum's handbook is so complete and so ex- SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS. cellent that no one who has not studied EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per it can claim to be well informed about 13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for im- alfalfa and its significance in immediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to proved farm and animal husbandry. We can supply the book at the published price. J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

ABSENT-MINDED. An old gentleman who was very ab- Why don't you kill ticks on your sent-minded often had to ring for his servant and say: cattle and sheep, lice on all an- "James, I am looking for something, and imals, by dipping or washing the now I can't remember what it is." And then James would suggest: animals with a first-clat-s, non- "Your purse, sir, or spectacles or poisonous tar carbolic creosote dip? And when you purchase, save 20 to 25 check-book?" and so on, until the old gentleman would say at last: per cent, in price by ordering MINOR'S FLUID of "Of course, that's it. Thank you, James." A. L. FRENCH.^ = One night the old gentleman had Southern Agent, Byrdvllle, Va. Prop. Sunny Home Angus Herd. gone to his room and all were in bed when .lames was startled by hearing WARRANTED ONE OF THE BEST. his master's bedroom bell. He rush- ed upstairs and threw open the door. jf:iejcyyjeri^>:>cjft^;r)cjeje}cjeiciejc«^^ "James." said the old gentleman, "I came up here for something, and now ORGANIZEID 1832. ASSETS. $932,050.00. can't remember what it was." "Wasn't it to go to bed, sir?" "Of course," said the old gentleman, ^ Virginia Fire and Marine "so it was. Thank you, James."—Au- gust Lippincott's. Insurance Company, of IVicKmond, Va. The National Nut Growers' Associa- Against Fire and Lig:htning. tion. The third annual Convention Insures will be held at St. Louis, Mo., October All descriptions of property in country and town, private 26 to 28, 1904. Information can be or public, injured at fair rates, on accommodating terms had from J. F. Wilson, Secretary, AGENCIES IN EVE.RV TO"WN AND COUNTV- Ponlan, Ga. W. H. PALHER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 639

Famo'us Tomado Ensilage Cutter and Improved Blower

The only positively safe and durable, as well as efficieat, blower ever produced. Fully guaranteed in every respect. Note carefully the direct transmission of belt power All short belts and connections eliminated. No slipping of belt or loss of power possible at the critical periods or when full fed. Will successfully and satisfactorily elevate toany reasonable height, ami do it with the least power of any on the market. Catalogue and infermation free for the asking Ask for it Manufactured_by ^ ^ HARRISON & CO. M ASSI LLON. OH lO. AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. A Return to the Soil. The little red brick school-house of the earlier days of the settlement of the Mississippi Valley States was the U. S. Qovernment principal factor in the elevation of our great middle class which made of the American nation a people of intelli- Stamp of Approval gent thinkers, ready and able in time of crisis to decide right and to do. On the Work of the Undesirgned. Higher education has followed and new systems and methods have supplanted the "Hoosier Schoolmaster" CONTRACT A ?t'ARDED FOR and the birch rod, identified with the little red school-house. The educa- 12 Charter Gasoline Engines, All to jjbe installed in tional level of the country has un- ]

doubtedly risen many degrees, but 7 I t>,OtO Gallon Tanks and Towers, I thirty days on the old with this advance have come prohlems (Bull more perplexing than which 12 Artesian Wells, Manassas Run) those I troubled the pedagogues of our fathers. 9 Miles of Pipe. battlefield. The {rend of the country raised boy is all too irresistably toward the city, while there is no countervailing cur- If we can satisfy Uncle Sam we can satisfy you. rent impelling the young people of the cities to fill his place in the country. The problem is one for the most serious consideration of our best states- SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., incorporated, men, this constant and centripetal Box 949, RICHHOND, VA. movement which is overcrowding our centres of industry, where men work for' day wages, and which is steadily drawing from our rural communities where men own the land they live upon and get their sustenance from the soil. DO YOUR TRADING —I TO STKM THE DRIFT. Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. Tbenameof LUMSDEN Yet there are quiet forces at work, on anything In the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line Is a standard of quality. year by year becoming better organ- FINE DIAMOlWD ized and of broader power, whose ten- GOLD AND JEWULRY. dency is to overcome this hurtful con- STERLING SILVERAVARE AND CUT GLASS. dition and induce a migration back to _ SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. Write for our catalogue; it] contaUs the land and away from the over- 2 many articles on which we can save you money. crowded centers. Industrial and agri- C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 East Main Street, Richmond, iVa. cultural educations are playing an im- P portant part, and nature study courses 640 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER [September,

and city school gardens where children are taught to know something of ^. the soil and plants and the real won- Direct from our distillery to YOU ders of nature working around us at ^"^^ every hand, are no longer looked upon Savis Dealers' Profits! Prevents Adulteration ! as fads. An interesting move in this direction was made the other day in the organization of the American League for Industrial Education in Chicago, with, such national characters for officers and sponsors as N. 0. Nel- son, of St. Louis, who has founded the HAYNER village and school of Le Claire, adjacent to his factories at Edwardsville, 111.; Thomas Kane, president of the Winona Assembly, which is establish- ing an institution for the teaching of agriculture in Indianapolis; J. H. WHISKEY Krauskopf, founder and president of the now noted National Farm School at PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE Doylestown. Penn.; John H. Patterson, president of the National Cash Regis- ter Co., whose school gardens and model factory equipments at Dayton, O.. have awakened a widespread inter- FULL QUARTSM est; Gen. R. S. Tuthill, through whose efforts the St. Charles Home for Boys 4 EXPRESS CHARGES PAID BY US at Chicago was founded; O. J. Kern, W superintendent of schools for Winne- <)(press prepaid, four full quarts of HAYNER'S flIIR AFFFR ^' ^"' ^'^'P y""' 111., has done a great UUn urrtn bago county. who seven-year-old rye for $3.20. Try it and if you don't find work in the consolidation of county It all right and as good as you can get from anybody else at any price, send It back at our schools, and perfected plans for en- expense and your $3.20 will be promptly refunded. Tliat's fair, Isn't It? Bear In mind grafting on them methods for the prac- this offer is bacl(ed by a company with a capital of $500,000.00 paid In full and the tical teaching of improved agriculture proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success. We are regularly in experimental gardens; E. B. Butler, over quarter of a million satisfied president of the board of trustees of supplying a customers, convincing evi- the Illinois Manual Training School dence that our whlsi(ey pleases, and that we do just as we say. You run Farm; and Milton George, the founder absolutely no risk in accepting our offer, for you get your money back If of that school; Jane Addams, head you are not satisfied with the whiskey after trying it. We ship In a plain, resident of the Chicago Hull House sealed case; no marks to show what's Inside. Social Settlement, and others of note Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev.,N. Mei., Oregon, Utah, Wash, or Wyo,, must be on the basis of 4 qUAETS for »*.00 by EXPRESS PREPAID or 20 qciKTS in this movement. foi $16.00 by FREIGHT PREPAID. TEACH THE DIGNITY OF WOEK. Every quart of whiskey we sell is made at our own distillery, and our entire product is sold direct to consumers, saving you the dealers' big profits and avoid- in- The League is working for an ing all chance of adulteration. No matter how much you pay you cannot get any- dustrial public school system, which thing purer or better than HAYNER WHISKEY and yet it costs only $3.20 for four full quarts and we pay the express charges. Satisfaction guaranteed or will include the teaching of domestic money lefonded by first mail. Distillery, Troy, Ohio. Established 1866. science and both agricultural and 149 WRITE NEAREST OFTICI. manual training in all the public schools, so that children shall be THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY taught to work with their hands and ATLANTA) GA, DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL, MINN., farm as they are taught in the public schools of France and Denmark. It maintains that every school should Jt J* have a school garden, where every THE child should be taught to be a lover of nature and of the country, and trained toward the land as a source of hon- orable livelihood, rather than away SEABOARD from it. Such a system of education would AIR LINE RAILWAY undoubtedly tend to very largely check the constant movement toward the OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER, cities. The farm boy who receives a '^"^ ^"^^^^ '^^'^^^' fair school or high school education KKUMiABLCPROFITABLE naturally turns toward the place where ^^^ DAIRYMAN, he can best apply it. His training has INVESTMENTS not been such as would help him to thE FRUIT GROWER, farm better or make of farming an TO-. ^»^ THE TRUCKER. Interesting science. And so he goes to the city. On the other hand, the WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. city boy, as he grows up and marries Wonld » country where work can t)e carried on the entire year and where would like to have a home of his own large profit* can be realized Interest youT on the land, but he knows only the The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a trade he has learned. He knows noth- region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated ing of farming, and he would not literature descriptive of the section. know what to do on a piece of land if W. COST, CHARLES B RYAN. J. B. WHITE, EDW. ^ „ he had it. It has been often said that Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traff o Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLAN^TER. 641

The Only Complete Drill. %So CONVEN/ENT. (patented ) LONG/TUD/NAL LEVER OUT^OF THE Way. Set on Hoe^Disc the hopper ^'====^:::^ ,^%. y^=^^^^ 's^r^ A\y (Sc OPERATE or Shoe /T

Fertilizer

And Plain Drills.

America's 20th Century Line. FETZER & CO., Capital, $1,000,000.

Middletown, Ohio, U. S. A.

Factory established 1858. Write for Booklet S. Better THAN A seat. it is useless to put the poor of the great cities out in the country because they will not stay there. They cannot GENUINE OLIVER CHILLED be expected to, for to them it is a BEAM strange and barren story. The expe- PLOWS rience of the Salvation Army, however, RS. found in its many irrigated colonies, This far-famed and world- shows renowned Plow we guaran- that men will go out from the tee you is worthy of all that cities and live on the land and make is said in praise of it. Wood good^ citizens where they are taught Beam also furnished. Write for large Illustrated Cata- what to with the land after they get logue. on it. We are general distribu- The irrigated farms of the "West tors of the GENUINE ONLY. show the great capacity of land when well and intensively farmed, and that men can live in plenty and comfort on INCUBATORS five acres and even on a single acre. Farm Tools and Supplies AND BROODERS. Suppose that the 7.5,000 recently dis- Illustrated Catalogue for charged employees of the Pennsylvania Large 1904 Just issued, embracing Railroad each had a highly cultivated Hand, Horse and Power Labor- acre of rich land to which he could Saving Implements. turn his attention. Instead of being a as well as drag on the community and the coun- You must save make money. try, instead of having stopped pro- Write for this FREE catalogue ducers, and would still be able to at at once. least get a living from the soil. Does not this instance of the disemployment of 75,000 men who might, if they own- NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO. ed each an acre, be getting a living Implements Fertilizers Season is at hand. from soil, Poultry Supplies Wheel IVlaterlal HEN the supply food for thought PRODUCTS higher than to the man who is pondering over eco- ever. Our prices low. Write nomic problems? Gut E. Mitchell. 41 to 51 Union Street. NORFOLK, VA. for Free Catalogue, r

A neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 25 cents. Address When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the Wix Bnslness Office. SotTTHSBN PLAKTTEB. 642 THE SOUTHERIsT PLANTER. [September,

^ Seed House of the Mh.

The following lift ef papers an* p«rtodlc*li are the moet popular onee In thla seetloa. ca4 SAVE TOU MONHT on whatorer RED TinOTHY, We CLOVER, jonmal you wlah: ORCHARD HAMMOTH QRASS, CLOVER, DAILIBS. RED TOP or Price With CRinSON HERDS QRASS, CLOVER, Alone. Planter. KENTUCKY Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va $6 00 $5 00 WHITE BLUB QRASS, CLOVER, The PoBt, Washington, D. C 6 00 « 00 RANDALL The Sun, Baltimore, Md 8 00 a 40 LUCERNE QRASS. Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50 CLOVER, TALL MEADOW News-Leader, Richmond, Va 8 00 3 00 ALSVKE OAT QRASS, TRI-WEEKLT. CLOVER, JOHNSON QRASS, The World (thrlce-a-week), N. T... 1 00 1 25 BOKHARA CLOVER, GERHAN WEEKLIES. MILLET, JAPAN Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00 CLOVER, BUCKWHEAT, Montgomery Adyertlier 100 100 BUR OATS and Nashville American 60 76 eLOVER, CANE SEED. Breeder's Gaiette » 2 00 1 75 Hoard's Dairyman 100 135 Country Qentleman 1 50 1 75 "Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap/' Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25 Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 100 125 Central Presbyteriam, " " ....2 00 2 25 We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of eveiy Horseman 8 00 3 00 variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are MONTHLIES. RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75 Dairy and Creamery 60 76 ^ ^ ^ WE ALSO SELL Commercial Poultry 50 75 AU three 160 115 Our Own Brands of Fertilizers North American Review 500 500 The Century Magaziae 4 00 4 26 For Tobacco, Cos^n, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25 Llpplncott's Magazine 2 60 2 50 Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and Harper's Magazine 4 DO 4 00 Fertilizing Materials generally. Harper's Bazaar 100 140 Bcrlbner's Magazine 3 00 3 25 Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 1 35 Samples sent by mail when desired. Ceemopolltan Magazine 1 00 1 36 Bverybody's Magazine 1 00 1 35 1016 Main Street, Mnneey Magazine 100 136 Strand Magazine 126 165 Wm. A. Miller & Son, ^ LYNCHBURG, VA. McClure's Magazine 100 136 Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35 Review of Reviews 2 50 2 76 Poultry Success 1 00 75 Rural Mechanics 100 55 WHOLESALE Blooded Stock 60 CO Headquarters for Snccessful Farming 100 71 Bouthero Fruit Grower 60 81 AND Where you desire to subscribe to two vr RETAIL. more of the publications named, you can ar- Nursery Stock. rive at the net subscription price by deduct- ing 60 cents from "our price with the PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders any other publications not listed here, write ALL TO' NAME. « and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or STOCK TRUE net lubscriptloD rates. Apples, Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and Subscribers whose time does not expire Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees, until later can take advantage of our club Peach, Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens, rates, and have their subscription advanced one year from date of expiration of their Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc, subscription to either the PLANTER or any Apricots, of the other publications mentioned. CALIFORNIA PRIVET, tor Hedging. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. Don't hesitate to write ui for any information desired; we will cheerfully answer any . . AGENTS WANTED. correspondence. FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md. We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other psriodlMOs. .

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 643

is the most economical fence The American Field Fence that can be erected. Its cost 55IN(5I. C3, ^ is even less than barb wire or wood '1 ;- • 4T' IN. L e- is 39 IN. and when erected practically ever- . P^m 't , "!' S2 ,"*• t "^' • — lasting. Furnished in various heights te ; ti ,2^ IS. « 20 IJt. I'fe and styles. v. 1 ^eJ" %j "^ ' ' 1 nil UBMI 1 1

Write for special catalogue and " ' ' UL. y 3^ ', f=5 i 2 L-2 J.^ d^M ; IK^ prices. SSI »OkHtjhum«»»i>k*SWSrm9Ka«Fiwsrftjm^anloesBESBS:S?3SSiSiS^09Vis^m ^v-

WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN. The quickest and cleanest butter maker known. The frame is made of Hol- low Steel Pipe, very light and strong, THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS, and easily forms a useful table. The CORN, PEAS and BEANS as well as grass seed of all kinds. With or with- churns are furnished of either wood out fertilizer attachment. or heavy tin. THE EMPIRE CREAM SEP- ARATOR should be on every farm where three or more cows are kept. It will save its cost many times in one year. It is the simplest V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The one ever man- most economical roof made. Does not ufac tured and OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or require a carpenter to put it on. Fur- can be c le a n e d power. A comparison with others will nished in all lengths from 5 to 10 feet convince you it is the strongest, sim- long. "without trouble to plest and best made. The power ma- any one. Write chines are furnished with blower or us forparticulars. carrier if so wanted. Prices very low. SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS. All sizes and capacities at low prices. BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAQONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGQIES, CARRIAGES, HAR- NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTING AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS, FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES. All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free. THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 644 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September, EVERLASTING DOUBLETREES AND SINGLETREES. The Unit Road Machine

So called because it has but ONE WHEEL, and take but ONE TEAM and ONE MAN to operate it. Is of light draft, is sold at a low We present herewith an illustration of the factory of the Pittsburgh Tubu- price, and will work roads faster than lar Steel Whiffletree Co., in which are made the celebrated tubular steel double- any other machine. Both ends of the trees, singletrees and neck yokes of every description. These articles are made mould board are under control of the from steel tubes, which are tapered and flattened, which process gives them a driver. Being short it can be easily graceful appearance as well as adds to their already great strength. Trimmings turned round in narrow roads to trim are all drop forged and are so arranged that any blacksmith can make repairs, up short sections. IT IS when necessary. These goods are used extensively on the farms and plantations A PERFECT SCRAPER. The angle of the in almost every country, including far-off Australia, Mexico, Hawaii, Philippines RUT blade causes it to cut the ruts to best and many others, and all users are unanimous in their praise of the great merits advantage, sweeping the loosenedI of the Tubular Steel Whiffletrees. The manufacturers guarantee them to excel all other makes in the three essential points of strength, durability and con- earth sidewise to fill them and moving struction. The following guarantee goes with every set of these articles which the surplus to the centre of the road. factory: leaves the Roads can be kept in good condi- The Tubular Steel Doubletree is proven to be superior to any other form of tion, after constructed, at very little construction, not excepting sheet steel, solid steel, malleable iron, or the best hickory grown. They are head and shoulders ahead of any other whiffletree on expense. the market to-day, and are entitled to this position on the possession of the EVERY DISTRICT SHOULD HAVE ONE. following recognized merits, not possessed by other makes: Write for circular. First. The necessary draft strength. Second. The necessary lifting strength. THE CALL WATT CO. Third. The only absolutely safe trimmings, which are guaranteed to re- 13S. 15 St. bet. Hain and Cary, Richmond. Va. main permanent in all climates and under all conditions, it having been de- service in the damp and sultry climate of Cuba during the monstrated by actual The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG. late war with Spain, when the United States Government equipped 5,000 of the army wagons with our farm wagon doubletrees, pattern No. 102, and the goods were found to be so satisfactory that the officer in charge there made them the and POTOMAC R. R. subject of a special report. All dealers and users are requested to send for illustrated catalogues show- and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y ing a full line of these articles for all purposes from the hauling of the heaviest machinery to the lightest plowing and harrowing. THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON To those going to the Exposition at St. Louis, don't fail to examine the LINE. creditable exhibit of this company, which is in the Transportation Building. The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R., Baltimore and Ohio R. R., Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, Pennsylvania R. R., Seaboard Air Line R'y and Southern R'y.

Between all Points via Richmond, Va. Farm Wagon and Overland Freight Wagon Doubletrees, equipped with Forged Fittings. Furnished with Hooks or Rings for trace attachment. Fast Mall, Passenger, Express and Freight Route between Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing- Just a final word. The manufacturers are so impressed with the superior ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New qualities of the Tubular Steel Singletrees that they desire all users to have York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and the benefit of this invention, which will save time and money. Address the all points North, South, East and Pittsburgh Tubular Steel Whiffletree Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. West. W. D. DUKE, C. W. GULP, When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the General Manager. AsBt. Gen'l Man. SOUTHEBN PLANTEB. W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 645 HXH«HKH5i»«K«K«H>lXHKH«KKHK^^ THISTLE LAIDLAW'5 Concentrated Tobacco Powder,

BRAND Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. . Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. AUays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh. AB-'OLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-Ib.bag, 75c.; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50=Ib. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc. • SOLE MANUFACTURERS, LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A. To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

THE KEMP "SUCCESS" MANURE SPREADER. DEATH OF DR. REYNOLDS. We are pained to have to record the death of Dr. James Henry Rey- nouds, of Adrian, Mich., who for a number of years was advertising manager of the Page Woven Wire Fence Company of that place. Our business intercourse with this gentleman was always of the friendliest and most satisfactory character. We always found miiHR him fair and square, upright and hon- Manufacturing were the pioneers in in- orable, courteous and friendly. We The Kemp & Burpee Company spreaders, in the lead from the first. tender his family and his late employ- troducing manure and have remained have always been the standard ers our profoundest sympathy in their The Kemp & Burpee Manure Spreaders bereavement. machines. Now they have taken a long step forward, and offer the farming public their newest spreader, which they have named "Success"; and THE TORNADO ENSILAGE CUTTER it is well named, for it is so immensely superior in every way to anything ever it success among farmers. It We have pleasure in calling the at- before offered that has proven to be a of all kinds tention of our readers to the adver- is lighter in draft than the old machines, handles manure tisement of Messrs. W. R. Harrison & and fertilizers with perfect ease and accuracy, and may be so arranged as exactness—^wet, Co., Massillon, Ohio, to be found on to spread a given quantity of manure with evenness and another page. This firm makes one strawy manure, light strawy manure, manure tramped in the feed lot by lime, of the very best ensilage cutters on cattle, fresh stable manure, sheep manure, cornstalk, corn cobs, ashes, for fertilizing the markets. Our farmers will never salt, commercial fertilizers, or anything else that is used be able to handle their tremendous purposes, no matter what it is. It has attachments for distributing com- com crop without an ensilage cutter, mercial fertilizers on drills in the rows in any quantity per acre. needs and they will do well to investigate I will pay any one needing a manure spreader—and every farmer the merits of this one before purchas- one, unless already supplied—to send for the catalogue of this company and ing. give it a careful reading. It is sent free to all inquirers. Address Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Company, Syracuse, N. Y. A neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 25 cents. Address When corresponding with our advertlBers always mention the our Business Of9ce. Boufhem Planter. —

646 THE SOUTHEEIT PLANTER [September,

stablished by MANFRED CALL, E XH P C^ A i I _\\/ A XT Cf\ GEOD. WATT, 1840. 1 i I L^ %^r\L^L^ — ^Y r\ I 1 WV/«^ Gen'L Manager. Implements, Machinery and Vehicles. HAND PRESS For Hay,

Cotton,

Straw,

Shucks,

etc., etc.

DISC AND GRAIN PORTABLE EVAPORATOR, HOE AND TILIZER DRILLS, With Copper or Galvanized Steel Pans. Broadcast Plaster and Fertilizer Distrib- utors. THREE-ROLL CANE MILL.

Disc Harrows, Field Rollers, Manure Spreaders, Pea ilullers, Farm Wagons (all sizes), Engines, Saw Mills, Grinding Mills, Plows and Plow Repairs of all kinds. Corn Shelters, Wheat Fans. We solicit enquiries for anything desired. ^'*- '^^'" ^"^ .j 3 g_ 1 5th Street, *^^'^R I C H M O N D, VA. CATALOGUES. The Virginia Land Agency, Rich- mond, Va., Hockaday Casselman & Co., Main street, Richmond, Va. The Foos Mfg. Co., Springfield, O., Grinding Mills, Corn Harvesters, Corn Shellers and Farm Tools. The American Devon Cattle Club. Year Book for 1904. U P. Sisson, Secretary, Newark, O. E. R. Taylor, Penn Yan, N. Y., manufacturer of Carbon Bisulphide for destroying Insects in grain, etc. KEEP FLIES OFF STOCK. Milch cows suffer more from attacks of flies and mo.squitoes in summer- time than other animals, and the flow AFTER HARVEST WORK. of milk IS often seriously impeded in There is the hauling out and spreading of the season's accumulation of consequence. An occasional spray of manure; the clearing of the wood lot; the removal of stumps, boulders, stones, Sanford's Fly Knocker keeps off the etc.; the repairing of farm and pasture fences and the filling of silos. Then, flies and biting insects and allows the too, there is the shelling and marketing of last season's corn, which has been animals to feed in comfort. The ex- held until the present crop has given evidence of success. The marketing of pense is very small, while the gain is the spring anrl summer fed hogs, etc. great. F. S. Burch & Co., Chicago, can Every one of these operations brings the farm wagon into frequent and al- supply you. most continued use. It is important, then, that the farm v/agon be a good one. It should be as light as is consistent with requisite strength. It should be low NOW I LAY ME. down so that it may be easy to load. It should have broad faced tires in order Oh, once upon a time there was to avoid cutting up and "rutting" of meadows, pastures and farm lands, and to A tiny little tot reduce the traction and draft to the minimum. Who knew her Mother Goosey, though These good qualities and advantages in a farm wagon are embodied in a Her prayers she quite forgot! high degree in the Electric Handy Wagon, a cut of which is shown with this article. As its name indicates, it is a low down, handy wagon in every sense She started off, "I lay me down " to which this term will apply. It is very easy to load, saving, we think it safe Then what do yon suppose? to say, more than half the lift, as it is the nart of the lift above the centre of "Dov;n came a hlarkhird. gravity—the last half—which requires the heavy strain. This advantage will And nipped off her nose!" be appreciated almost beyond comparison in hauling all the above mentioned —September Lippincott's. substances. Write to Electric Wheel Co., Quincy, 111., for free catalogue. ' —

1904.] THE SOUTHEEli PLANTEE. 647

$Ck>i5 FO R: WHEAT, OA mR OTHER

It is the "Old'Reliable" and has stood the test for 25 years. It is composed principally of Hydrate of Lime Sulphate of Lime and Potash. SPECIAL W HEAT ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ brand on the markets only a few years ago and its success has been short of marvelous. Somj of the best farmers tell us that they get PfcRllL.IZE.R.... a better stand and growth of grass and clover from it than any other fertilizer. Recommended for corn land or any other land of fair fertility. PLAIN SHELL LIME Constantly on hand at lowest prices.

No." 1. W^OOD BURNT LIME, in car lots at lowest marKet price from the Kilns. If you wish to IMPROVE your land, use a ton of PREPARED LIME to four acres for WHEAT and CLOVER, or if you wish to seed it for other GRASSES where the land is in good condition, use the same quantity and it will give yoa a good STAND and GROWTH of GRASS. For reclaiming POOR land, where there is little or no VEGETATION, COVER naked place with litter from the barnyard or forest using the same quantity, and sow I winter OAIS and CLOVER, SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICES.

102 SoutK 13th Street RicHmond, Virg'inia.

Oi},tyCti>i>ii<^^

THE GREAT WESTERN MANURE idea of the distinguishing features nearing home when a ghostly appari- SPREADER. of this great machine may be gathered tion rose quietly before him. fiom their advertisement. It should "Hello there!" cried Terence. It is his duty to himself for a far- "An' be read and each claim noted by every phat are you?" mer to use modern, up-to-date machin- former who does not possess a ma- "I'm auld Nick," came grimly ery in his work. Otherwise he works from nure spreader. These are the unques- the apparition. at a disadvantage compared with his tioned essentials of the perfect work- "Sure, an' I'm mighty neighbors. It is in this light that we plazed t' mate ing machine. A much better idea yer," said the jovial present the subject illustrated here, Terence. "Coom can be gathered from the Great West- out an' gie us the Great Western Endless Apron Ma- a shake of yer hand. ern Catalogue, a comprehensive book, I'm married to ivire Spreader. This machine ought a sister of yours." which may be had simply by address- to be considered one of the most ne- ing cessary and most important on the the manufacturers, the Smith Ma- NO PAY, NO CURE. nure Sprca.ler Company, No. 18 South "Mister," farm. It solves the problem of main- said a little child to the Ciiuton street, Chicago. It lays before taining the land's fertility, and this herb doctor, or "root doctor," as they the reader in a most convincing way are means everything to him who is go- sometimes called in some parts the advantages of spreading manure ing to get prosperity out of the land. "Mister, mamma says them las' pills by machinery, and shows fully and The old way of spreading manure will you sold her didn't do no good, and fairly the comparative merits of the not answer now. It did not make she told me to ask you to send her Great Western. the most, not even half value, out of some other kind this time," and, say- the manure. It was slow, laborious, ing which, she placed the empty box disagreeable work. The work was not on the doctor's rickety desk. Marshall done at proper times. The same P. Wilder is reported to be "Lerame see," said the doctor, as amount of manure did not cover half responsible for this: he adjusted his glasses and looked jovial the ground it can be made to cover A Irishman of County Down, over his book. After inspecting the with the Great Western, and yet the Ireland, was overfond of the cup that book for a few moments he looked up results on the first crop and succeed- cheers, and also had a liking for the and said: public house, ing crops are more apparent. where he was in regu- "Humph, humph! I see whar de Of the perfect working and perfect lar attendance. His wife, wishing to trouble is. You tell you' mammy, adaptation of this machine to its spe- wean him from his bad habits, decid- honey, dat she nevah paid fur dem cial work we have spoken above. We ed to jiut up a job on him, and called las' pills she got, an' tell her she can't will not at this time go into detail in her brother Mike to help her. Mike spec' fur dem to do her no good 'cep'n again on the matter. It must be re- was to waylay Terence on the way dey's paid fur!"—September Lippin- marked, however, that, while called a home from the spree, pretend to be a cott's. manure spreader, it is equally adapt- ghost, and deliver a severe reprimand, ed to the right distribution of every pjverything went along swimmingly Mention The Southern Planter character of farm fertilizer. A faint and Terence was slowly but noisily when corresponding with advertisers. 648 THE SOUTHEEl^ PLANTER [September, Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

Scientific Steel Corn Harvester. Special prices given and The best Harvester on'earth, for standing corn on Studebaker Safety seats. Safety shafts Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. ROSS.... Fodder Cutters, Fodder

Shredders, Cutters for all

purposes, Corn Shellers, Grinding Mills, Horse Powers and Wood Saw. -^.^^^VIkU^^

Chattanooga

Cane Mills and SUPERIOR Evaporators. GRAIN DRILLS. Plain and Fertilizer Hoe and Disc Drills—all sizes

CAHOON Seed Sowers. MICHIGAN Wheel- barrow Sowers. Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters and Cutters.

Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Studebaker Car- Aspinwall Potato Planter. riges, Studebaker Carts, Studebaker Runabouts

Automatic, Accurate and Reliable. Used by thousands of practical growers the world over Over twenty years on the market. Don't be fooled by imita- Three tions and makeshifts, but write for attractive illustrated catalogue.

TIGER DISK HARROW. Plainand LeverBpringTooth Harrows. AUSlzes

Frlck and AuUman and Taylor Engines. Saw Mills and Threshers. ELI BALING PRESSES. 58 styles and sizes. For 'Horse' or steam power. Write for prices and Catalogues.

Successors to HENING & NUCKOLS, CHAS. E. HUNTER, mil [. m St., iiH, m, SiNTON, Pres. J. J. Sutton, Sec'y. A. C. WRITE FOR A CATALOGUE I

15th & Franklin Sts. & 1404 E Main St. THE WATT PLOW CO,, RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA. We handle the best in Agricultural Implements, ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ . ^ ^ ^ Machinery, Vehicles and Harness . . .

Portable Evaporator Sweep Feed Mill Smalley FeedJCutter I!is Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL. 'TpHIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions^in Virginia, in death claims alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full information as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to represent

-«» .—THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.^ ««i.^ T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina, .1201 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 3TRONQ, HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES Are the inevitable reeult of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- DITION POWDERS. It you wish fet and Bmooth Cattle and healthy Milch, C!ows, give DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nae DSXXE XTSRVE JLim BOXffB Z-XmaXEZTT—Beet on earth for Ifam ox

Beaat. Lari^ Bottle 25 cts. ; eversrwhere.

OWENS MINOR > — — * DRUG CO.., Richmond, Vs. \ ^''^^^A ^^^^^^^^^^^AA^^^^^^^^^^^MMM^^WVMMWWWVW The most improved, up-to-date drills made- Will drill wheat, corn, beans, peas and any other seeds clover WHEAT DRILLS ; and grass seed attachments.

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We furnished the most approved drills used in the EAST, and another drill, the most approved used in the WEST. It will be worth your time and trouble to see us or write us if you want a drill this Fall. We have inspected all of the drills at the St. Louis Exposition and are ready to give you the benefit of our investigation. ASMTON STARKE, Implement House, Richmond, Va.

5J0HN 8. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. The STATE CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS $240,000. BANK OF VIRGINIA! RICHMOND ... VIRGINIA